JP4694849B2 - Reaction inspection device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a reaction test apparatus that tests a test subject's response to a stimulus.

In a vehicle driving aptitude test, a response test for checking the speed and accuracy of a response to a stimulus is performed, and the driving aptitude of the examinee is conventionally evaluated based on the test result. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a driving aptitude inspection device that inspects the aptitude for driving by operating a handle or a pedal by inspecting a response to a predetermined display. In this driving aptitude test device, as a specific reaction test, an emergency reaction test that measures the speed of visual-muscle reaction, a continuous emergency reaction test that measures the degree of prediction or movement, etc., both hands or both feet Appropriateness of signal verification test to measure the accuracy and speed of reaction operation, accelerator trial test and accelerator / brake reaction test to determine the agitation by measuring the accuracy and speed of reaction operation, appropriateness of attention concentration and distribution And a steering wheel operation inspection to measure the accuracy of situational recognition and the speed and accuracy of the operation according to it.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 02-051510 (FIGS. 1 to 4 and the same specification, pages 5 to 10)

  On the other hand, with respect to driving aptitude inspection of railway vehicles, certain inspections that are institutionalized are required due to the circumstances peculiar to railways as transportation. In other words, the characteristics of railway transportation require that it be safe, quick and accurate and capable of mass transportation. In addition, in order to realize safe transportation without accidents or mistakes, the accuracy of the operation-related workers engaged in duties related to the operation of railway vehicles can be accurately processed according to the specified time and work rules. It is important to be efficient. For this reason, in the driving aptitude inspection of railway vehicles, each railway company has established an inspection system for inspecting the driving aptitude of workers involved in the operation. In addition, it is assumed that the following inspections for measuring aptitude are carried out at the time of appointing drivers and at regular inspections.

(1) Uchida-Kraepelin inspection (workability inspection)
A test that causes the examinee to perform the addition work of adding the next digit next to each other and writing the first digit of the addition result between the added digits. The test will be conducted in 15 minutes for the first half, 5 minutes for the break, and 15 minutes for the second half. Measure characteristics such as personality, behavior and work of the examinee from the work progress. In addition, the intelligent function of the examinee, the processing ability of work (work), and the level of aggressiveness are measured from the work amount.
(2) Intelligence test (identity test)
Examination that allows examinees to choose answers to questions that mainly use graphics and symbols. It consists of four questions, question 1 and problem 2, which evaluate "perception ability for simple tasks", and problem 3 and problem 4, which evaluate "reasoning / judgment and ability to grasp relationships in space". Measure intellectual functions (perception, discrimination, reasoning and judgment).
(3) Attention allocation inspection An inspection in which a test subject is sequentially searched for numbers 0 to 48 randomly arranged in a 7 × 7 cell and the required time is measured by a stopwatch. Measures the general attention of the examinee, mainly the distribution of memory.
(4) Reaction rate inspection (agility inspection)
A test that causes three types of light stimuli of red, yellow, and green to appear at random, and causes the testee to press the key that matches the color of the light stimulus that appears as accurately as possible. The test is conducted for 30 seconds, and the speed and accuracy of the tester's sensory reaction are measured.

  Since the inspection system as described above was established in 1949, it has arrived today without undergoing a major review. At the time of its enactment, SL (Steam Locomotive) was prosperous, so if the driver could check the traffic light or encounter an abnormality, it would be possible to brake the car. It was important. For this reason, although the inspection in the above-described inspection system is still carried out as before, the agility inspection that mainly measures the reaction speed measures the perceptual reaction, so the discriminating power required at the time of abnormality is The measuring power is weak, and the current examination (especially agility) does not have the measuring power to measure the discrimination power at the time of abnormality.

  However, in recent years, there has been an increase in trains in which the running speed is not controlled by the driver's own experience, but the computer system checks the running situation and designates the running speed to the driver by automatic control. For example, in recent Shinkansens equipped with ATC (Automatic Train Control (automatic train control device)), operation is performed by designating the traveling speed without a traffic light (although there is an in-vehicle signal). In addition, in conventional lines and the like, the frequency of accidents due to driver errors has decreased due to security equipment such as ATS (Automatic Train Stop).

  Since railway vehicles in recent years are protected by a system related to automatic control, security equipment, and the like in this way, it is extremely unlikely that an accident will occur due to human factors during normal operation of the system. Therefore, in recent railways, it is the actual situation that an accident can occur due to an abnormal behavior of the person at the time of abnormality when some abnormality occurs rather than a driver's mistake or the like.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and can examine a test subject's response to a stimulus assuming an abnormal time and measure various aptitudes of the test subject at the time of the abnormal time. An object of the present invention is to provide a reaction test apparatus that enables this.

In order to achieve such an object, the reaction test apparatus according to the present invention provides a problem generating means for generating a problem to be given to the examinee in the reaction test apparatus for examining the speed of reaction of the examinee. An operating means for operating an answer to a given task, a detecting means for detecting an answer by an operation of the operating means as a response of the examinee, and after the problem generating means generates the problem, the detecting means Based on the reaction time measured by the time measurement means and the reaction time measured until the reaction to the task is detected , a predetermined display output or audio output is given to the examinee. Yes and abnormal generation means for providing a mental burden information, in association with the object, at least a recording means for recording whether gave the reaction time and the mental burden information, To have.

Here, the abnormal time generation means is a problem of the same form as the problem after the problem generation means has generated the problem, and is a predetermined number given to the examinee before the problem occurs. Based on the reaction time of each reaction detected by the detection means for the task, the mental burden information may be given to the examinee at a certain rate. In this case, the abnormal time generation means may give the mental burden information to the examinee at a certain rate based on the average value and standard deviation of the reaction times of the reactions.

The mental burden information may be information indicating that the test subject is prompted to answer when the test subject 's response is slow.

Then, the abnormality generating means, when the reaction of the examinee does not indicate the correct answer to the challenge, and further with respect to the examinee, but it may also as providing the mental burden information.

According to the present invention, based on the reaction time from the occurrence of the problem to the response of the examinee, the mental burden information to be a mental burden is given to the examinee so that the abnormal state is created. It is possible to examine the test subject's response to the stimulus assuming an abnormal time, and to measure various aptitudes of the test subject at the time of the abnormal time.

First Embodiment <Configuration>
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are diagrams showing a configuration of a reaction inspection apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows an external configuration, and FIG. 2 shows a functional block diagram. The reaction inspection apparatus includes a computer 1, a multiple series keyboard 2, and a connection cable 3 as shown in the figure, and performs a reaction inspection for inspecting the driving suitability of the trainee of the examinee.

  The computer 1 is an electronic computer in which a program for performing a reaction test by the reaction test apparatus is installed, and includes an input unit 1a, an information processing unit 1b, a storage unit 1c, a display unit 1d, a voice output unit 1e, and an external It has an input connection 1f. The computer 1 can be realized by a general-purpose personal computer or the like that is generally widely used. In the present embodiment, a notebook general-purpose personal computer as shown in FIG. 1 is used as an example. The input unit 1a, the display unit 1d, and the external input connection unit 1f are integrally configured, and the information processing unit 1b, the storage unit 1c, and the audio output unit 1e are built in.

  The input unit 1a is an input unit that performs input to the computer 1, a keyboard that accepts input by key operations such as character input, and a slide pad that is a pointing device that can perform selection input by left and right click operations or drag operations. And an input corresponding to each operation is supplied to the information processing unit 1b.

  The information processing unit 1b is information processing means in the computer 1 that performs various types of information processing, operation control, and the like. An arithmetic unit such as a CPU that executes various types of internal arithmetic processing, a ROM that stores system information and the like Non-volatile memory such as RAM, semiconductor memory such as RAM or cache memory that stores information updatable as a working storage area of the arithmetic unit, and a control unit that manages various internal operations and exchanges information with the outside Have. Various processing operations by the computer 1 are realized by operations mainly including the information processing unit 1b.

  The storage unit 1c is a storage unit that stores a program file installed in the computer 1, various data files handled by the program, and is configured by a nonvolatile memory such as a hard disk. In addition to the basic software program file such as OS (Operating System), the storage unit 1c stores a program file of a reaction inspection program that defines the processing operation of the reaction inspection by this reaction inspection apparatus. The information processing unit 1b executes the reaction inspection program, so that the examinee's reaction inspection is performed.

  Here, in the reaction test program, three types of stimuli of “color”, “form” and “sound” are defined as stimuli for examining a test subject's selective response, and three types of stimuli of each type are provided. It is prepared. As color stimuli, three types of “red”, “yellow” and “green” are defined, and a series of color stimuli is constituted by the three types of colors. Three types of “S”, “Δ”, and “X” are defined as shape stimuli, and a series of shape stimuli is constituted by the three types of shapes. Sound stimuli include “high intermittent sound (frequency: 1600 Hz, intermittent frequency: 5 times / second)”, “high continuous sound (frequency: 1600 Hz)” and “low continuous sound (frequency: 200 Hz)”. The volume of each sound is set to 60 dB, and the sound stimulation sequence is constituted by the three kinds of sounds. In the present reaction test apparatus, these color stimulus series, shape stimulus series, and sound stimulus series (hereinafter referred to as “series 1”, “series 2”, and “series 3”, respectively). The test of the examinee's reaction is carried out by the above, and the details will be clarified in the explanation of the operation described later.

  The display unit 1d is a display unit configured by a liquid crystal display or the like, and displays predetermined information on the screen under the control of the information processing unit 1b. The display unit 1d functions as a visual stimulus generating unit that generates stimulus by display and gives it to the examinee. When the information processing unit 1b executes the reaction test program, the display unit 1d and the “sequence 2” color stimulus The shape stimulus is displayed and presented to the examinee.

  The sound output unit 1e is a sound generating unit that outputs sound under the control of the information processing unit 1b, and has a connection terminal (not shown) for a speaker or a headphone, and is connected to the speaker or the connection terminal. The sound corresponding to the control signal from the information processing unit 1b is generated in the headphone speaker. This audio output unit 1e (and headphones (not shown)) functions as a means for generating auditory stimulation that generates a stimulus by sound and gives it to the examinee. When the information processing unit 1b executes the reaction test program, the “series 3” "Sound stimulus" is generated and given to the examinee.

  The external input connection unit 1f is an external input interface of the computer 1, receives an incoming signal from the outside, and supplies the signal to the information processing unit 1b. In this embodiment, the computer 1 has a PC card slot, and the PC card slot is used as the external input connection portion 1f.

  On the other hand, the multi-series keyboard 2 is an operation means for performing a key press operation indicating a response to a stimulus by a test subject of a response test using the present response test apparatus, and the horizontal width when facing directly is as large as the vertical dimension of A4 size. The gray casing is provided with a series 1 key 2a, a series 2 key 2b, and a series 3 key 2c, and has an output unit 2d for outputting a signal generated by pressing each key to the outside. (The gray coloring of the housing is omitted. The broken line in FIG. 1 is an instruction line frame for convenience of reference, and is not actually present.)

  The series 1 key 2a is composed of three keys arranged in a mountain shape at the middle part in the front-rear direction on the upper surface of the housing. Each key is a white, round button, and “1” in order from the left. , “2” and “3” are marked in black. The black marking number of each key corresponds to each color stimulus of “Series 1”, the key “1” should be selected (answered) for the color stimulus “red”, the key “2” Is a key to be selected for a “yellow” color stimulus, and a key “3” is a key to be selected for a “green” color stimulus.

  The series 2 key 2b is composed of three keys arranged in a mountain shape in the front part of the upper surface of the housing, and each key is a white, square button. The shape of “,” “x” is marked in black. The shape of the black marking of each key corresponds to each shape stimulus of “Series 2” as it is, the key of “○” should be selected for the shape stimulus of “○”, and the key of “△” The key to be selected for the “Δ” shape stimulus, and the “×” key are the keys to be selected for the “×” shape stimulus.

  The series 3 key 2c is composed of three keys arranged vertically in the middle portion of the upper surface of the casing in the middle in the front-rear direction, and each key is a rectangular button. "," Gray ", and" black "are colored (the horizontal broken line hatching in FIG. 1 indicates the gray color of the key). The coloring of each key corresponds to each sound stimulus of "Series 3". The key of "white" is the key to be selected for the sound stimulus of "high intermittent sound" and the key of "gray" is " The key to be selected for the sound stimulation of the “continuous high tone” and the key of “black” are the keys to be selected for the sound stimulation of the “low continuous tone”.

  The output unit 2d is an external output interface having an external connection port such as a serial port. Each key of the series 1 key 2a, the series 2 key 2b, and the series 3 key 2c is pressed. A key pressing signal indicating that is pressed is output and transmitted from the external connection port. One end of the connection cable 3 is connected to the external connection port of the output unit 2d.

  The connection cable 3 is a signal transmission cable used for PC card connection, and its interface card is connected to the external input connection portion 1f of the computer 1 (inserted into the PC card slot of the computer 1). As a result, when the examinee presses a key on the multi-series keyboard 2, the key press signal is transmitted from the output unit 2d to the external input connection unit 1f via the connection cable 3, and the computer 1 performs the test by pressing the key. The person's reaction can be detected.

<Operation>
Next, the operation according to the above configuration will be described. The reaction test carried out by the information processing unit 1b executing the reaction test program consists of the teaching and practice of the test and the process of the actual test, which is the actual test. Suitability is evaluated. In this examination, as an issue for the examinee, an arbitrary stimulus of any series (3 forms × 3 types = any of 9 types of stimuli) is given at random, and the testee is given a stimulus The basic task is to press the key to be selected as quickly as possible as an answer to the task. For this reason, in conducting this test, it is necessary to set in advance a task that randomly gives an arbitrary stimulus, but the task setting is based on the specific contents of the test, In the following, the process of the reaction test will be described assuming that a predetermined task has been set in advance, and the setting of the task will be described after clarifying the specific contents of the test.

1. Inspection Teaching and Practice Inspection teaching and practice are first performed for each of “Series 1”, “Series 2”, and “Series 3”. For “series 1”, the “1” key in the series 1 key 2a is a key to be selected for the “red” color stimulus, and the “2” key is for the “yellow” color stimulus. The examinee is instructed that the “3” key is the key to be selected and the “green” color stimulus is to be selected. That is, the computer 1 displays the sound on the display unit 1d and the sound announcement from the sound output unit 1e (the examinee wears headphones connected to the connection terminal of the sound output unit 1e and receives sound from the sound output unit 1e. As a result, the key corresponding to red is the “1” key of the multiplex keyboard 2 and the key corresponding to yellow is the multiplex sequence. It is explained that the “2” key of the keyboard 2 and the key corresponding to green is the “3” key of the multi-series keyboard 2, and when any color is displayed on the display unit 1d (color Instructs the user to press the corresponding key as quickly as possible (when presented as a stimulus task). In this way, the present reaction inspection apparatus teaches “series 1” by the screen display and sound of the computer 1, and then starts practice for “series 1”.

  In practice for “Series 1”, the computer 1 displays a color stimulus on the display unit 1 d and asks the examinee to answer the key press. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a state in which the color stimulus is displayed. The display of the color stimulus is performed by displaying a circle having a diameter of 15 mm filled with the color stimulus in the screen of the display unit 1d. The display position of the color stimulus on the screen is a position that arbitrarily combines the right, middle, and left positions in the horizontal direction and the upper and middle positions in the vertical direction, and is set appropriately in advance or randomly determined by the computer 1 Make sure to do it. FIG. 3 shows an example in which a “green” color stimulus is displayed with the horizontal position at the middle and the vertical position at the top (the hatched hatching in FIG. 3 indicates a green display). . In this case, as indicated by the white arrow in the figure, an answer is required to press the “3” key. When the examinee presses the “3” key, the answer by pressing the key is displayed. The computer 1 detects the tester's reaction, immediately displays another color stimulus, and asks the tester for an answer again. The practice for “Series 1” is repeated when the computer 1 generates a color stimulus and the examinee answers in this manner, and the generation of the color stimulus and the examinee's answer are repeated six times. . In addition, the form which presents the color stimulus as “red”, “yellow” and “green” in a circle display with a diameter of 15 mm is the current agility in the inspection system for inspecting the driving aptitude of the driving personnel. Similar to inspection.

  For “Series 2”, the “○” key in the Series 2 key 2b is a key to be selected for the “○” shape stimulus, and the “△” key is for the “△” shape stimulus. The test subject is instructed that the key to be selected is the key to be selected for the "x" shaped stimulus. That is, the computer 1 indicates to the examinee that the key corresponding to “O” is the “O” key of the multi-sequence keyboard 2 based on the display on the display unit 1d and the audio announcement from the audio output unit 1e. The key corresponding to “” is the “△” key of the multi-sequence keyboard 2 and the key corresponding to “×” is the “×” key of the multi-sequence keyboard 2, and either form When displayed on the display unit 1d (when presented as a shape stimulation task), the corresponding key is instructed to be pressed as quickly as possible. In this way, the present reaction inspection apparatus teaches “series 2” by the screen display and sound of the computer 1 and then starts practice for “series 2”.

  In practice for “Series 2”, the computer 1 displays a shape stimulus on the display unit 1d and asks the examinee to answer the key press. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a state in which the shape stimulus is displayed. The shape stimulus is displayed by displaying the shape stimulus shape on the screen of the display unit 1d in a maximum size that can be accommodated in a square having a side of 15 mm. The display position of the shape stimulus in the screen is a position that arbitrarily combines the right, middle, and left positions in the horizontal direction and the upper and middle positions in the vertical direction, and is appropriately set in advance or randomly determined by the computer 1 Make sure to do it. FIG. 4 shows an example in which the shape stimulus “◯” is displayed with the horizontal position at the right and the vertical position at the top. In this case, as indicated by the white arrow in the figure, a response is required to press the “○” key. When the examinee presses the “○” key, the response by pressing that key is displayed. The computer 1 detects the tester's response, immediately displays another shape stimulus, and asks the tester for an answer again. The practice of “Series 2” is repeated when the computer 1 generates a shape stimulus and the examinee answers in this manner, and the occurrence of the shape stimulus and the examinee's answer are repeated six times. .

  For “series 3”, the “white” key in the series 3 key 2c is a key to be selected for the sound stimulation of “high intermittent sound”, and the “gray” key is “continuous high sound”. The test subject is instructed that the “black” key is the key to be selected for the “sound continuous tone” sound stimulus. That is, the computer 1 causes the examinee to listen to “high-pitched intermittent sound” through the headphones by the display on the display unit 1d and the sound announcement from the sound output unit 1e, and the key corresponding to the sound is the multi-sequence keyboard 2 The “white” key is the same, and “high continuous tone” is heard in the same way, and the key corresponding to that sound is the “gray” key of the multi-line keyboard 2, and similarly “low continuous tone” Let them listen and explain that the key corresponding to the sound is the “black” key of the multi-sequence keyboard 2, and when any sound is heard (when given as a sound stimulation task), the corresponding key To answer as quickly as possible. In this way, the present reaction inspection apparatus teaches the “series 3” by the screen display and sound of the computer 1 and then starts the practice for “series 3”.

  In the practice for “Series 3”, the computer 1 generates a sound stimulus from the sound output unit 1e, gives the sound stimulus to the examinee through headphones, and obtains a key press answer. When the examinee presses the key corresponding to the given sound stimulus, the computer 1 detects the answer by the key press as a response of the examinee, immediately generates another sound stimulus and sends the answer to the examinee again. Ask. The practice for “Sequence 3” is repeated when the computer 1 generates a sound stimulus and the examinee answers in this way, and the sound stimulus is generated and the examinee answers 9 times. .

  Next, teaching and practice are performed for the case where three series of “series 1”, “series 2”, and “series 3” are mixed. When the three sequences are mixed, any stimulus among color stimulus, shape stimulus, and sound stimulus is given to the examinee, and a key press answer corresponding to each stimulus is required. The computer 1 gives an arbitrary stimulus among the color stimulus, the shape stimulus, and the sound stimulus that has been taught and practiced to the examinee by the display on the display unit 1d and the sound announcement from the sound output unit 1e. And instructing the user to press the key taught as corresponding to each stimulus as quickly as possible. In this way, the present reaction inspection apparatus teaches the case where the three lines are mixed by the screen display and sound of the computer 1 and then starts the practice for the case where the three lines are mixed.

  In practice for the case where three sequences are mixed, the computer 1 generates an arbitrary stimulus of color stimulus, shape stimulus and sound stimulus, and the examinee uses the key 2a for the sequence 1 based on the teaching and practice so far. Then, the key corresponding to the given stimulus is pressed out of the series 2 key 2b and the series 3 key 2c. Then, the computer 1 detects the response by pressing the key as a response of the examinee, immediately generates another stimulus, and asks the examinee for the response again. In the practice of mixing the three series, the computer 1 repeats the practice that the examinee responds by generating any stimulus of the three series, and the occurrence of the stimulus and the examinee's answer are 12 times. Exit when done. Tasks caused by arbitrary stimuli when mixing three sequences are in the same form as the above basic tasks in the main examination, and the examinee will practice the answer to the same problems as the main examination 12 times in total. Become.

  This completes the teaching and practice of the inspection. The time required to carry out all of the above teaching and practice and to carry out the teaching and practice of the inspection is usually just over 3 minutes.

2. When the teaching and practice of the inspection are completed, the computer 1 instructs the examinee to start the inspection through a display on the display unit 1d and a voice announcement from the audio output unit 1e. FIG. 5 is an example of a form in which the computer 1 instructs the start of the main inspection by display on the display unit 1d. When the examinee performs an operation in accordance with the instruction after such an instruction is given (in the example of FIG. 5, when the key “3” in the series 1 key 2 a is pressed), the computer 1 that has received the operation performs the main operation. The inspection processing operation is started.

  In this examination, as described above, an arbitrary stimulus of an arbitrary series is randomly given as a problem for the examinee. That is, the computer 1 refers to the setting of the task that is given random stimulus in advance at random, and sequentially generates the stimulus according to the setting. The examinee presses the key corresponding to each stimulus as quickly as possible as an answer to the task for the sequentially given stimuli. As a result, the computer 1 sequentially detects the responses of the keys sequentially pressed by the examiner in response to the applied stimulus as the response of the examinee.

  When the test subject's response to the given stimulus is correct (when the test subject's answer is a correct key press corresponding to the given stimulus), the computer 1 immediately generates the next stimulus, The next stimulus is immediately given to the examinee. On the other hand, when the test subject's response to the given stimulus is incorrect (when the test subject's answer is an incorrect key press not corresponding to the given stimulus), the computer 1 generates the stimulus. The same stimulus continues to be given to the examinee. In this case, unless the examinee presses the correct key again, the stimulus generated by the computer 1 is not switched, and the next stimulus is not given to the examinee. In this way, the basic stimulus generation mode during the test is such that if the test subject's response is correct, the next stimulus is given, and if the answer is incorrect, the same stimulus is continuously given.

  During the examination, the computer 1 measures the reaction time for each reaction of the examinee. The reaction time is measured by prescribing a timer such as a time counter in the reaction test program, and the information processing unit 1b starts measuring the timer from the time when the stimulus is generated and detects the test subject's response to the stimulus. This is done by measuring the time to the time. The timer count is reset every time the computer 1 sequentially generates new stimuli, and the time from the generation of the stimulus that has caused the test subject's reaction to the response is the reaction time for each response. Measure as Therefore, when a test subject makes a correct response to a given stimulus without making a mistake in pressing the key, the time from the occurrence of the stimulus to the correct response is measured as a reaction time. When a test subject makes a correct response to a given stimulus after making a mistake in pressing the key, the time from the occurrence of the stimulus to an incorrect response due to an incorrect key press is measured as the reaction time. The time from the same occurrence point of the stimulus to the subsequent correct response is also measured as the reaction time.

The reaction test apparatus basically has mental burden information (hereinafter referred to as feedback) that causes a mental burden such as pressure or stress on the examinee in the main test performed as described above. The test of the examinee's reaction is carried out in a state where an abnormal time has been created. The feedback is given to the examiner by a display on the display unit 1d or a voice from the audio output unit 1e (headphone worn by the examinee) when the reaction is slow or an incorrect answer is given.

  As an example of feedback by display on the display unit 1d, there is a message display that promptly answers such as “please press key”, “please press fast”, “please answer fast”. Examples of feedback by sound from the sound output unit 1e (headphones) include a predetermined notification sound that informs that the answer is late and a delayed sound such as a bell sound that is surprising to the examinee. Such display and feedback by sound are given when the test subject's response is slow.

  Whether the test subject's reaction is slow is determined based on the reaction time measured in the computer 1. For example, for the sixth and subsequent responses to each series of stimuli, the information processing unit 1b continues to calculate the average value μ and standard deviation σ of the most recent five response times (seconds) during this examination, and the reaction time timer If the test subject's reaction is slow at the time when the time has reached [μ + 0.53σ] seconds (when [μ + 0.53σ] seconds calculated for the stimulus series has elapsed from the time of occurrence of the stimulus), the information processing unit 1b Start the operation of each part that judges and gives feedback. Thus, feedback is given to the examinee after [μ + 0.53σ] seconds until the examinee's reaction is completed (until the examinee shows the next reaction or until the examinee shows a correct response). Keep giving feedback.

  6 and 7 are diagrams showing an example of a state in which such feedback is given by display on the display unit 1d. In the state of FIG. 6, a “green” color stimulus having a horizontal position in the middle and a vertical position in the upper direction is displayed (the hatched hatching in FIG. 6 indicates a green display), and before that. [Μ + 0.53σ] seconds calculated from the response time for five color stimuli has passed without the test subject's response, and the message “Press the key” is displayed as feedback in the lower center of the screen. It is presented to the person. This feedback is presented until the examinee's response to the displayed “green” color stimulus is completed, and the presentation is canceled when the examinee presses the “3” key in the series 1 key 2a ( The message disappears.) On the other hand, in the state of FIG. 7, a “red” color stimulus is displayed with the horizontal position at the left and the vertical position at the middle (the vertical line hatching in FIG. 7 indicates a red display). [Μ + 0.53σ] seconds calculated from the response times to the previous five color stimuli have passed without the test subject's response, and the message “Press the key” is displayed as feedback as in FIG. It is presented to the person. This feedback is presented until the examinee's response to the displayed “red” color stimulus is completed, and the presentation is released when the examinee presses the “1” key in the series 1 key 2a.

  This reaction test device presents feedback by displaying such a message when the response of the examinee during the test is slow, and generates a bell sound from the headphones worn by the examinee, indicating that the reaction is slow Or give feedback by delay sound to remind you to press the key. By giving these feedbacks, pressure is applied to the examinee and stress is applied. Therefore, according to this reaction test apparatus, it is possible to create an abnormal time by applying a mental burden such as pressure or stress to the test person, and to examine the test person's reaction in the state at the time of the abnormal condition.

  Since the feedback that creates such an abnormal time is given based on whether or not the test subject's response is slow based on the reaction time, the feedback can be dynamically applied according to the test subject's response. It is possible. That is, as described above, according to the form in which the average value and standard deviation of the reaction time are calculated from the previous several reactions for each stimulus of each series and the feedback is applied, the movement is performed according to the response of the examinee. As a result, it is possible to apply feedback at an average rate with respect to the response time of the subject for each subject who conducts the test, and further, the reaction time of the subject increases with the progress of the test. Even if it changes, feedback can be returned to the examinee at a certain rate.

  Here, the number of reactions to be referred to in calculating the average value and standard deviation of the reaction time is set in advance as the number of reactions suitable for the calculation, but the number of reactions to be set is arbitrary, and can be selected and set as appropriate. You may decide to do. In addition, the coefficient of the standard deviation is set in advance, but the coefficient to be set is arbitrary, and may be appropriately selected and set so that the ratio of feedback is a desired ratio. In the above example in which feedback is given after [μ + 0.53σ] seconds based on the average value μ and standard deviation σ of the latest five reaction times, the feedback is applied at a rate of about 30%, It is constant for all examinees, and it is also constant during this examination for each examinee. As a result, in the present reaction test apparatus, it is possible to create an abnormal time when the test subject is subjected to pressure or stress by giving feedback at a desired constant ratio as appropriate, and to accurately perform a reaction test assuming the abnormal time. it can.

  For example, if it is determined that the tester's response is slow when a predetermined reaction time has passed, depending on the tester, feedback may or may not always be applied. In such a case, it is not possible to accurately check the reaction at the time of abnormality for each examinee. Furthermore, even if a test subject has a relatively short reaction time and it is difficult to apply feedback, the response time of the test subject usually gradually increases due to fatigue after a certain amount of time. Will increase, and the examinee will fall into an abnormal state as time passes during this examination. However, according to this reaction test apparatus, feedback can be given to all examinees at a constant rate, and each examinee can also be fed back at a constant rate during this test. Therefore, there is no possibility that the feedback is always applied or not always applied by the examinee, and the frequency at which the examinee experiences the abnormal time does not change even if the time during the examination elapses.

  In the case of immediately after the start of this test where the reaction for calculating the average value and standard deviation of the reaction time has not yet been detected (in the above example, when the stimulus is generated up to the fifth time in each series) What is necessary is just to use suitably the value which can be utilized as an average value and a standard deviation. As a simple example, the standard average value and standard deviation of reaction times obtained from past reaction tests may be used, or an arbitrarily set average value and standard deviation may be used. When the examinee has undergone this examination in the past, the average value and standard deviation of the reaction time calculated in the past examination of the examinee may be used. Alternatively, even when the number of reactions is less than the average value and standard deviation of the reaction time, the average value and standard deviation up to the previous time are tentatively calculated during the second and subsequent stimulations of each series. It may be used, or a temporary average value and a standard deviation may be calculated and used by measuring the reaction time in the teaching and practice of the inspection described above.

  Also, when feedback is applied, the reaction time may become extremely long, so the average value and standard deviation of the reaction time may be calculated excluding the reaction time when feedback is applied. Good. However, since the average value and the standard deviation will be fixed when feedback is applied continuously over and over again, the handling when feedback is applied according to the measured reaction time etc. may be appropriately determined. .

  On the other hand, this reaction inspection apparatus also gives feedback when the examinee gives an incorrect answer. The feedback in this case is a “false” feedback that causes a mental burden such as pressure or stress to answer wrongly. For example, when the examinee presses an incorrect key that does not correspond to the given stimulus and presses the same key as the incorrect key more than once, the feedback on the display unit 1d is displayed. Or the sound from the sound output unit 1e (headphone).

  Examples of “wrong” feedback given to the examinee are that a predetermined wrong answer sound that informs the incorrect answer is generated from the headphones, or that the pressed key is an incorrect answer key that does not correspond to the given stimulus. What is displayed on the display part 1d is mentioned. By giving this “wrong” feedback, the test subject is pressured or stressed about making a wrong answer, and an abnormal time is created in conjunction with the feedback described above. Will be inspected.

  In the reaction test by this reaction test device, the occurrence of the stimulus and the test subject's response are repeated while giving feedback when the test subject's response is slow and when the test subject makes a wrong answer as described above. This test is carried out (hereinafter referred to as “delayed feedback” in order to distinguish the feedback when the test subject's response is slow from the feedback when the test subject makes an incorrect answer). Then, in the computer 1, each answer of the examinee is sequentially detected as a response of the examinee, and as a record of each reaction, given stimulus, answer (press key), correctness of answer, reaction time and presence / absence of delayed feedback Are written in the storage unit 1c by the information processing unit 1b. The duration of this examination is 1 minute, and the computer 1 ends the examination by stopping the operation such as the generation of the stimulus when 1 minute has elapsed from the starting time of the examination that generated the first stimulus. At the end of the main examination, the information processing section 1b writes the total number of responses, the number of correct answers, the number of incorrect answers, the average reaction time, etc. in the storage section 1c as a record of the whole examination.

  Thereby, about the test subject who implemented this test | inspection, the test result which is the result of this test | inspection is recorded automatically. That is, for each reaction, information such as applied stimulus, answer, correctness of answer, reaction time and presence / absence of delayed feedback is recorded as a test result in a file etc. in the storage unit 1c. Information such as the number of reactions, the number of correct answers, the number of incorrect answers, and the average reaction time is recorded in the same manner. And based on this test result, the driving aptitude of the railcar of the testee who performed this test | inspection is evaluated.

  For example, when the number of correct answers is below a certain level, the evaluation can be rejected, and when the number of incorrect answers is above a certain level, the evaluation can be rejected. It is also possible to analyze the information in the recorded test results to evaluate the driving suitability by obtaining the correlation with other information, the standard deviation, and the like.

According to the present reaction inspection apparatus, the inspection teaching and practice and the main inspection are performed as described above, and the driving aptitude of the examinee's railway vehicle is evaluated based on the result of the main inspection. As described above, the time required for teaching and practice is just over 3 minutes, and the time required for conducting this test is 1 minute. Therefore, the total time required for the reaction test including teaching and practice is just over 4 minutes. The series of reaction inspection processes from teaching and practice to the main inspection are all automatically proceeded by the processing operation of the computer 1, and the examinee is able to solve the problem by the display on the display unit 1d and the sound from the headphones. Can understand and conduct this inspection. Therefore, according to this reaction inspection apparatus, an inspector who teaches inspection is not necessary, and the examiner can carry out a reaction test by himself / herself without depending on such inspector, etc. Even when a reaction test is performed, a plurality of examinees can be managed by a single inspector who performs the entire process. For example, the “instructor” in the display of FIG. 5 corresponds to the inspector, and does not know about the “color,” “shape,” “sound,” etc. If there is anything, raise your hand and call the instructor. ”
As mentioned above, unless the examinee specifically requests, the “instructor” will not go out to explain,
“If you do n’t know anything,
Press the “3” key to start the inspection. ”
As shown in the figure, the examinee starts and conducts this examination by himself, so only one inspector as a “lecturer” is sufficient.

  In the above-described reaction test, the color stimulus and the shape stimulus are displayed at any combination of the right, middle, and left positions in the horizontal direction and the upper and middle positions in the vertical direction on the screen of the display unit 1d. However, the position for displaying a visual stimulus such as a color stimulus may be arbitrarily determined. For example, the display position of a visual stimulus such as a color stimulus may be set as a position that is an arbitrary combination of the right, middle, and left positions in the horizontal direction and the upper, middle, and lower positions in the vertical direction. Is appropriately changed so that the position of the message display that gives the message does not overlap the display position of the visual stimulus.

3. Setting of the task Now that the specific contents of the inspection have been clarified, the setting of the task will be described. The assignment needs to be set in advance so that an arbitrary stimulus is randomly given as described above. In the present reaction test apparatus, tasks to be sequentially given to the examiner are input by operating the input unit 1a, and settings of the tasks are stored in the storage unit 1c in advance.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of an assignment setting screen displayed on the display unit 1d when inputting the assignment. This assignment setting screen is an example of displaying the assignments to be given to the examinee in sequence as an "assignment list". In the "assignment list", the columns below "No." indicate the order of assignment as assignments, and below "stimulus" The column below shows the type of stimulus given as a task, the column below “Setting” shows the type of stimulus, the column below “Time Limit” shows the longest time to wait for the examinee's response, and below “Sound” The column “” indicates a setting for whether or not to give “difficult” feedback by sound, and the column below “delayed sound” indicates a setting for whether or not to give delay feedback by sound.

  In the column “Stimulus” and below, “Color”, “Shape”, and “Sound”, which are the types of stimuli of “Series 1”, “Series 2”, and “Series 3”, are set. In the setting shown in the figure, there is no place where the same form is continuous, and the color stimulus, shape stimulus, and sound stimulus as problems are appropriately mixed. As a result, the same form of stimulation does not occur continuously, and an arbitrary stimulus is randomly given to the examinee.

  In the column below “Setting”, the type of stimulation in each “stimulation” form is set. This setting is performed by writing the color stimulus color to be set for the color stimulus, writing the shape stimulus shape to be set for the shape stimulus, and writing the color of the key corresponding to the sound stimulus to be set for the sound stimulus. For example, if “green” color stimulus is set as “color”, “green” is written (No. 1), and “○” shape stimulus is set as “shape”. “O” is written (No. 2), and “white” is written (No. 3) when the “sound” form is set to “high intermittent sound”.

  In the column of “time limit” or less, the longest time for waiting for the examiner's answer is set, and the time for accepting the examiner's answer is limited. As described above, if the examinee does not give the next stimulus unless he / she shows a correct response, “none” is set in all columns as shown. However, in this reaction test apparatus, it is also possible to give the next stimulus when a predetermined time has passed since the occurrence of the stimulus, and in that case, the predetermined time is less than the “time limit”. Set it by writing in the field.

  In the column below the “wrong answer sound”, whether or not to give “false” feedback by sound is set by writing “permitted” or “prohibited”. The setting shown in the figure is set to “permitted” in all fields, so if the examinee gives an incorrect answer (the examiner presses the wrong key that does not correspond to the given stimulus, and the If you press the same key twice or more), you will receive a “wrong” feedback without exception.

  In the column below “delayed sound”, whether or not to provide delayed feedback by sound is set by writing “permitted” or “prohibited”. In the illustrated setting, “permitted” is given when the subject given to the examinee is a color stimulus and a shape stimulus, and “prohibited” is given when the subject is a sound stimulus. As a result, when the test subject's reaction is slow, the color stimulus and shape stimulus presented by the display on the display unit 1d are provided with the message display and the delay feedback by the delay sound, but are given by the sound from the headphones. For the sound stimulation to be performed, only delayed feedback by message display is given, and no delayed feedback by delayed sound is given. Although it is possible to provide delayed feedback by delay sound for sound stimulation, it is not preferable that the delay sound inhibits sound stimulation, so basically the “delay sound” setting as shown in the figure may be used. .

  The assignment is set on the assignment setting screen as described above. In the “task list” in FIG. 8, the “edit”, “delete”, “add”, “insert”, “copy”, “paste”, and “paste at the end” buttons on the right side are displayed on the mouse of the input unit 1a. It is possible to easily perform a setting operation of selecting each item by clicking operation or the like and writing in each column. The “OK” button in the lower right part is a button that is selected when the assignment setting is finished. By selecting this “OK” button, the assignment setting of the “issue list” is stored in the storage unit 1c. The stored task settings will be referred to in the implementation of the main examination described above.

  In this reaction inspection apparatus, the subject given to the examinee can be freely set in this way. Therefore, it is possible to easily change the setting of the generated stimulus, and it is possible to carry out an inspection in a form in which a suitably specified stimulus is given at random.

Second Embodiment <Configuration>
The reaction test apparatus according to the first embodiment inspects a test subject's selection response with respect to three types of stimuli of “color”, “shape”, and “sound”. It is also possible to apply to other reaction inspection forms. FIG. 9 shows a reaction inspection apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention in which feedback is applied to other reaction inspection forms (hereinafter referred to as “the present reaction inspection apparatus” in the second embodiment, and the first embodiment described above). FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of “the above-described reaction inspection device”. This reaction inspection apparatus performs a reaction inspection in a form different from that of the reaction inspection apparatus. However, the reaction inspection apparatus has a feedback function for creating the above-described abnormality. As shown in FIG. A keyboard 2 'and a connection cable 3' are provided.

  The computer 1 ′ has the same hardware configuration as that of the computer 1, and an installed program for executing a reaction test is different from that of the computer 1. That is, the computer 1 'has the same hardware configuration as the input unit 1a, the information processing unit 1b, the storage unit 1c, the display unit 1d, the audio output unit 1e, and the external input connection unit 1f. The reaction inspection program in the program file stored in is different from that stored in the storage unit 1c. On the other hand, the multiple series keyboard 2 ′ has a hardware configuration different from that of the multiple series keyboard 2, and the connection cable 3 ′ has the same hardware configuration as the connection cable 3. For this reason, since this reaction inspection apparatus has many parts that are common to the reaction inspection apparatus except for the functional aspects, the description of the common parts is omitted (the difference in functional structure will be described later). A specific configuration that is different from the above-described reaction inspection apparatus in the present reaction inspection apparatus will be described below.

  In the reaction test program in the storage unit of the computer 1 ′, two types of stimuli of “color” and “sound” are defined as stimuli for examining the selective reaction of the examinee, and the problem of examining the selective reaction of the examinee “Problems of discriminating task” are defined, and three types of stimuli in each form are prepared, and for discriminating tasks, a question of selecting an answer from three options is prepared. As color stimuli, three types of “red”, “yellow” and “green” are defined, and a series of color stimuli is constituted by the three types of colors. “Identity issue problem” is “applying the rule shown in the example to the reference graphic and selecting the graphic with the same relationship”, and three types of graphic as options for each problem are defined. A series of discriminatory tasks is constituted by three options for each problem (a series of discriminating tasks is constituted by three types of figures for each of the problems). Sound stimuli include “high intermittent sound (frequency: 1600 Hz, intermittent frequency: 5 times / second)”, “high continuous sound (frequency: 1600 Hz)” and “low continuous sound (frequency: 200 Hz)”. The volume of each sound is set to 60 dB, and the sound stimulation sequence is constituted by the three kinds of sounds. In this reaction test apparatus, these color stimulus series, discriminative task series, and sound stimulus series (hereinafter referred to as “series 1”, “series 2”, “ The test response of the examinee is conducted according to “Series 3”).

  The display unit of the computer 1 'functions as a visual stimulus generation unit that generates a stimulus by display and gives it to the examinee, similar to the display unit 1d, but when the information processing unit of the computer 1' executes the reaction test program Display the color stimulus of "Series 1" and the problem of "Series 2" and present it to the examinee.

  The multi-sequence keyboard 2 'is an operation means for performing a key press operation indicating a response to a stimulus by a person who takes a reaction test using the reaction test apparatus. ', A series 2 key 2b' and a series 3 key 2c 'are provided, and each has an output section for outputting a signal generated by pressing each key to the outside (note that the broken line in FIG. It is an instruction line frame for convenience of reference and is not actually present.)

  The series 1 key 2a ′ is composed of three keys arranged in a mountain shape in the middle part in the front-rear direction on the top surface of the housing, and each key is a round button, “red” in order from the left, “Yellow” and “Green” are colored (vertical hatching in FIG. 9 indicates red coloring of the key, broken cross hatching indicates yellow coloring of the key, and diagonal hatching indicates green coloring of the key. ing.). The coloring of each key directly corresponds to each color stimulus of “Series 1”. The “red” key is the key that should be selected (answered) for the “red” color stimulus, and the “yellow” key is “ The key to be selected for the yellow color stimulus, and the “green” key are the keys to be selected for the “green” color stimulus.

  The series 2 key 2b 'is composed of three keys arranged in a horizontal line at the front center portion of the upper surface of the housing, and each key is a white round button. "," "2", "3" numbers are marked in black. The number of the black marking of each key corresponds to each figure of the option for “Problem of identification problem” of “Series 2”, and the key of “1” is a problem that makes the first figure the correct choice. The key to be selected, the key “2” is the key to be selected for the problem that the second graphic is the correct choice, and the key “3” is the problem that the third graphic is the correct option It is a key to be selected.

  The series 3 key 2c 'is composed of three keys arranged vertically in the middle portion of the upper surface of the casing in the middle in the front-rear direction, and each key is a rectangular button. White, “ash”, and “black” are colored (the horizontal broken line hatching in FIG. 9 indicates the gray color of the key). The coloring of each key corresponds to each sound stimulus of "Series 3". The key of "white" is the key to be selected for the sound stimulus of "high intermittent sound" and the key of "gray" is " The key to be selected for the sound stimulation of the “continuous high tone” and the key of “black” are the keys to be selected for the sound stimulation of the “low continuous tone”.

  The output unit of the multi-series keyboard 2 'has an external connection port similar to the output unit 2d. One end of the connection cable 3' is connected to the external connection port, and the interface card of the connection cable 3 ' Is connected to the external input connection of the computer 1 '(inserted into the PC card slot of the computer 1'). As a result, when the examinee presses a key on the multi-sequence keyboard 2 ', the key press signal is transmitted so that the computer 1' can detect the response of the examinee due to the key press.

<Operation>
Next, the operation according to the above configuration will be described. The reaction test performed by the information processing section of the computer 1 'executing the reaction test program consists of the teaching and practice of the test and the process of the main test, which is the actual test. The driving suitability of the vehicle is evaluated. In this examination, as an issue for the examinee, an arbitrary series of arbitrary stimuli or problems (2 types × 3 types = 6 types of stimuli and 3 types of graphics, any of the questions with the correct answer as an option) (Stimulus or problem) is given randomly, and the basic task is to press the key to be selected for the given stimulus or problem as quickly as possible as an answer to the task. For this reason, in carrying out this examination, a task setting that randomly gives an arbitrary stimulus or problem is performed in advance on the task setting screen similar to FIG. 8 described above. However, in this reaction test apparatus, the form of the stimulus to be given as the problem or the distinguishability problem is set in the column below “Stimulus” in FIG. Then, when setting the form of the stimulus, the type of the stimulus is set in a column below “Setting”, and when setting the discriminability task, the reaction test program is prepared in the column below “Setting”. Set “Identity problem”.

1. Inspection Teaching and Practice Inspection teaching and practice are performed for each of “series 1”, “series 2”, and “series 3” in the same manner as in the above-described reaction inspection apparatus, and then for the case where the three series are mixed. For “Series 1”, the “Red” key in the Series 1 key 2a ′ should be selected for the “Red” color stimulus, and the “Yellow” key for the “Yellow” color stimulus. The examinee is instructed that the “green” key is the key to be selected for the “green” color stimulus. That is, the computer 1 ′ displays a sound on the display unit or a voice announcement from the voice output unit (in this reaction test apparatus, the examinee wears headphones connected to the connection terminal of the voice output unit and As a result, the key corresponding to red is the “red” key of the multi-sequence keyboard 2 ′ and the key corresponding to yellow is the multi-sequence keyboard 2 for the examinee. It is explained that the key corresponding to green is the “green” key of the multi-series keyboard 2 ′, and the corresponding key is displayed when any color is displayed on the display unit. To answer as quickly as possible. In the present reaction inspection apparatus, as in the above-described reaction inspection apparatus, teaching about “series 1” is performed by the screen display and sound of the computer 1 ′, and then practice for “series 1” is started.

  In practice for “Series 1”, the computer 1 ′ displays a color stimulus on the display unit and asks the examinee to answer a key press. The color stimulus is displayed by displaying a circle with a diameter of 15 mm filled with the color of the color stimulus on the screen of the display unit as in the case of the reaction test apparatus. The display positions of the color stimuli on the screen are also the same, and the right, middle and left positions in the horizontal direction and the upper and middle positions in the vertical direction are arbitrarily combined. The practice for “Series 1” is repeated when the computer 1 ′ generates a color stimulus and the examinee answers in this way, and the generation of the color stimulus and the examinee's answer are repeated six times. To do.

  For “series 2”, the contents of “problem of identification problem” and the key in the series 2 key 2b ′ to be selected for the problem are taught to the examinee. In other words, the computer 1 'displays an example showing rules such as graphic correspondence to the examinee by means of display on the display unit or voice announcement from the audio output unit, a reference graphic, and three types of graphics as options. And that the three types of figures correspond to the “1”, “2”, and “3” keys in the series 2 key 2b ′, respectively. When the rule in the above example is applied to the reference graphic, a graphic having the same relationship as the rule is selected with respect to the reference graphic, and an instruction is given to press the corresponding key as quickly as possible. In this way, the present reaction inspection apparatus teaches “series 2” by means of the screen display and sound of the computer 1 ′, and then starts practice for “series 2”.

  In practice for “Series 2”, the computer 1 ′ displays “Problem of identification problem” on the display unit, and asks the examiner to answer the key press. In practice for “Series 2”, the computer 1 ′ repeatedly presented the “identity problem problem” and the test person answered, and the occurrence of the “identity problem problem” and the tester answer 2 It ends when the question is done.

  Regarding “Series 3”, the sound stimulus given to the examinee and the key in the sequence 3 key 2c ′ to which each sound stimulus corresponds are the same as “Series 3” in the reaction test apparatus. Teach and practice as in Series 3 ″. Then, when the generation of the sound stimulus and the test subject's answer are performed nine times in the same practice as described above, the process ends.

  When three sequences are mixed, any stimulus or problem among color stimulus, sound stimulus and discriminative task is given as a task for the examinee, and a key press answer corresponding to each stimulus or problem is required. . The computer 1 ′ can display any color stimulus or sound stimulus that has been taught or practiced to the examinee and any discrepancies among the stimuli or problems that have been taught or practiced by the display on the display unit or the voice announcement from the voice output unit. Instructing the user to press the key taught as corresponding to each stimulus or problem as quickly as possible. In this way, the present reaction inspection apparatus teaches the case where the three lines are mixed by the screen display and the sound of the computer 1 ', and then starts the practice for the case where the three lines are mixed.

  In the practice of mixing three sequences, the computer 1 'gives any stimulus or problem among the color stimulus, shape stimulus and discriminative task, and the examinee is based on the teaching and practice so far. The key corresponding to the given stimulus or problem among the key 2a ', the series 2 key 2b' and the series 3 key 2c 'is pressed. Then, the computer 1 'detects the answer by pressing the key as a response of the examinee, immediately gives another stimulus or problem, and asks the examinee for an answer again. In the practice of mixing three series, the computer 1 'repeats the practice of generating an arbitrary stimulus or problem in the three series and the examinee answers, It ends when the occurrence of "and the examinee's response are made 12 times. The problem caused by any stimulus or problem when the three sequences are mixed is in the same form as the basic problem in the main examination, and the examinee practiced the answer to the same problem as the main examination 12 times in total. It will be.

  This completes the teaching and practice of the inspection. The time required to carry out all of the above teaching and practice and to carry out the teaching and practice of the inspection is normally about 6 minutes.

2. When the teaching and practice of the inspection are completed, the computer 1 'instructs the examinee to start the inspection through a display on the display unit and a voice announcement from the audio output unit. When the examinee performs an operation in accordance with the instruction, the computer 1 ′ that has received the operation starts the processing operation of the main examination.

  In this examination, as described above, an arbitrary stimulus or problem of an arbitrary series is randomly given as a problem for the examinee. That is, the computer 1 ′ refers to the setting of a task in which an arbitrary stimulus or problem is randomly given in advance, and sequentially generates or presents a stimulus according to the setting. The examinee presses a key corresponding to each stimulus or a key corresponding to an option of a graphic selected by each problem as an answer to the task as quickly as possible with respect to the sequentially given stimulus or problem. As a result, the computer 1 'sequentially detects the responses of the keys sequentially pressed by the examiner in response to the given stimulus or problem as the response of the examinee.

  Here, in the basic form of stimulus generation and problem presentation during the examination, as with the stimulus generation form in the reaction test apparatus, the next stimulus is given if the test subject's response is correct, and it continues if the answer is incorrect. Although the same stimulus is given, another form may be appropriately adopted depending on the setting of “time limit” on the assignment setting screen. Further, during the examination, the reaction time is measured for each reaction of the examinee in the computer 1 ′ as in the first embodiment.

  And this reaction test device is basically in the above-described test, and it gives feedback that is a mental burden such as pressure or stress to the examinee, and creates an abnormal time. Conduct a response test on the test taker. The feedback is performed according to the first implementation, such as when the response is slow to the examinee or when an incorrect answer is given, by display on the display unit or voice from the audio output unit (headphone worn by the examinee). Give in the same way as the form.

  In other words, if the examinee's response is slow, a message such as “Please press the key” is displayed on the display, and a delay sound such as a bell sound is generated by the sound from the audio output unit (headphones). Let Whether or not the test subject's response is slow is determined based on the response time measured in the computer 1 '. For example, for the sixth and subsequent responses to each series of stimuli or problems, the latest five response times. The information processor continues to calculate the mean value μ and standard deviation σ of (seconds) sequentially during this test, and when the timer of the reaction time reaches [μ + 0.53σ] seconds, the test subject's response is judged to be slow. Apply feedback until the testee's reaction is complete.

  Thereby, also in this reaction test | inspection apparatus, a test subject's pressure or stress is given, an abnormal time can be produced, and the test subject's reaction in the state at the time of the abnormal time can be test | inspected. In addition, since the feedback for creating such an abnormal time can be dynamically applied according to the test subject's reaction as in the first embodiment, the test subject's feedback is provided for each test subject who performs the test. Feedback can be applied at an average rate with respect to the reaction time, and even if the reaction time of the subject changes as the test progresses, feedback can be returned to the subject at a constant rate. it can. Therefore, in this reaction test apparatus, it is possible to create an abnormal time when the test subject is subjected to pressure or stress by appropriately giving feedback at a desired constant rate, and it is possible to accurately perform a reaction test assuming the abnormal time.

  In the reaction test by this reaction test apparatus, feedback is given when the test subject's response is slow in this way, and when the test subject makes an incorrect response, the feedback is “difficult” as in the first embodiment. The test is performed by giving the stimulus or presenting the problem and repeating the test subject's answer. In the computer 1 ', each answer of the examinee is sequentially detected as a response of the examinee, and the given stimulus, answer, correctness of answer, response time, presence / absence of delayed feedback, etc. are stored as a record of each response. Write to the department. In this reaction testing apparatus, the duration of this test is 90 seconds, and the computer 1 'performs operations such as the generation of a stimulus when 90 seconds have elapsed from the start of this test when the first stimulus was generated or a problem was presented. Stop and end this inspection. At the end of the main examination, the total number of responses, the number of correct answers, the number of incorrect answers, the average reaction time, etc. are written in the storage unit as a record of the whole examination. As a result, the test results that are the results of the main test are automatically recorded for the test subject who has performed the main test, and the driving suitability of the test vehicle of the test vehicle is evaluated based on the test results.

  According to the present reaction inspection apparatus, the inspection teaching and practice and the main inspection are performed as described above, and the driving aptitude of the examinee's railway vehicle is evaluated based on the result of the main inspection. As described above, the time required for teaching and practice is about 6 minutes, and the time required for conducting this test is 90 seconds. Therefore, the total time required for the reaction test including teaching and practice is about 8 minutes.

  This is the end of the explanation of the operation of the reaction inspection apparatus. The main difference between this reaction inspection apparatus and the above-described reaction inspection apparatus is that, in examining the selection reaction of the examinee, a discrimination problem is introduced instead of the shape stimulus in the reaction inspection apparatus, and the key 1a for series 1 The point is that the coloring corresponding to each color stimulus of “Series 1” is made as it is. The introduction of the discrimination problem enables a reaction test in a form different from that of the reaction test apparatus, but the color test corresponding to each color stimulus of the key 1a for series 1 also performs a reaction test in a form different from that of the reaction test apparatus. It has become possible.

  That is, if the key to be pressed for a color stimulus is the color of the color stimulus, it is only necessary to select a key having the same color as the displayed color stimulus. It is easy and the examinee will show a selective response without any trouble. On the other hand, the keys corresponding to the color stimuli of “red”, “yellow”, and “green” are the “1”, “2”, and “3” keys, respectively, as in the series 1 key 2a in the reaction test apparatus. Then, the examinee must memorize the correspondence between the color stimulus color and the key number, and when the color stimulus is given, the examinee must select the corresponding key based on his / her memory. Therefore, with respect to color stimulation, the response test using the reaction test apparatus is more difficult to answer, and the test is performed by applying greater stress to the examinee than the reaction test using the reaction test apparatus. For this reason, in the above reaction test apparatus, the color stimulus generation itself functions as feedback for creating an abnormal time in that stress is given to the examinee, whereas in this reaction test apparatus, the color stimulus generation itself However, there is no particular stress on the examinee (it is a stimulus that is easy to answer in the three series) and does not function as feedback.

・ Summary As described above, in the reaction test apparatus according to the first embodiment, the test subject's response to color stimuli, shape stimuli, and sound stimuli at the time of abnormality is examined. In the reaction test apparatus according to the second embodiment, the color stimuli And the test subject's response to abnormalities in response to sound stimuli and discriminatory tasks. According to these tests, after the examinee is in an abnormal state, the “(2) intelligence test (identity test)” and “(4) reaction rate test (agility test)” in the above test system are performed. Can be implemented. As a result, it is possible to carry out the inspection in the inspection system assuming an abnormal time when an accident may occur in recent railways, and it is possible to inspect the driving aptitude of the examinee in the abnormal time.

  Here, “(2) intelligence test (identity test)” and “(4) reaction rate test (agility test)” in the test system were conventionally individually tested. According to the embodiment, these inspections can be performed by one reaction inspection apparatus. Furthermore, in the past, these examinations were mainly performed with visual stimuli. However, in the above-described embodiment, auditory stimuli are introduced in addition to visual stimuli so that more various examinations can be performed. It has become.

  According to the above-described embodiment, among the four forms of the color stimulus, the sound stimulus, the shape stimulus, and the discriminability problem, the three forms are set in the computer, and the inspection is taught and practiced. It is possible to freely set from the creation of the task of performing the inspection to the execution of the inspection. Further, the above-described reaction inspection apparatus for performing the inspection by such a free setting can be realized by simply connecting a general-purpose personal computer or the like and a dedicated keyboard such as the above-mentioned multiple series keyboards 2 to 2 'to a PC card. .

It is the figure which showed the structure of the external appearance of the reaction inspection apparatus by the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which showed the structure of the reaction test | inspection apparatus with the functional block diagram. It is the figure which showed an example of the state in which the computer 1 in the reaction test | inspection apparatus is displaying the color stimulus on the display part 1d. It is the figure which showed an example in the state where the computer 1 is displaying the shape stimulus on the display part 1d. It is an example of the form which the computer 1 instructs | indicates the start of this test | inspection by the display on the display part 1d. It is the figure which showed an example of the state in which the feedback with respect to a test subject when reaction is late is given by the display in the display part 1d. It is the figure which showed the other example of the state in which the feedback with respect to a test subject when reaction is late is given by the display on the display part 1d. It is the figure which showed an example of the subject setting screen for setting the subject which gives arbitrary stimuli at random. It is the figure which showed the structure of the reaction test | inspection apparatus by the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1, 1 'Computer 1a Input unit 1b Information processing unit 1c Storage unit 1d Display unit 1e Audio output unit 2, 2' Multiple sequence keyboard 2a, 2a 'Sequence 1 key 2b, 2b' Sequence 2 key 2c, 2c 'sequence Key for 3

Claims (5)

In a reaction inspection device that examines the speed of reaction of the examinee,
A task generating means for generating a task to be given to the examinee;
An operation means for the examinee to operate an answer to a given task;
Detecting means for detecting an answer by operation of the operating means as a response of the examinee;
A time measuring unit that measures a reaction time from when the task generating unit generates the task until a response to the task is detected by the detecting unit;
Based on the reaction time measured by the time measuring means, the abnormal time generating means for giving mental burden information that is a predetermined display output or voice output to the examinee,
Recording means for recording whether or not at least the reaction time and the mental burden information are given in association with the task;
A reaction inspection apparatus having The abnormal time generation means is a problem of the same form as the problem after the problem generating means generates the problem, and the predetermined number of problems given to the examinee before the occurrence of the problem The reaction test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the mental burden information is given to the examinee at a certain rate based on a reaction time of each reaction detected by the detection means. The reaction test apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the abnormal time generation unit gives the mental burden information to the examinee at a certain rate based on an average value and a standard deviation of reaction times of the reactions. The reaction test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the mental burden information is information indicating that the test subject is prompted to answer when the test subject 's response is slow. The said abnormal time production | generation means gives the said mental burden information further with respect to the said test subject, when a test subject's reaction does not show the correct answer with respect to a task, The statement to any one of Claims 1-4 The reaction test apparatus described.

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