JP4633588B2 - Meteorological data distribution device, local meteorological data distribution system, and meteorological data estimation method in the same system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention uses a precipitable water amount to estimate the possibility of rainfall at a location where a mobile station device such as a mobile communication terminal is located, and to distribute these meteorological data in almost real time. The present invention relates to a local weather data distribution system and a weather data estimation method in the system.

Meteorological data is important information closely related to our daily life, and it is required that appropriate information be provided to users at appropriate times. In recent years, the use value of weather data has increased in various fields such as business and business, and a detailed information providing service in response to these demands is desired.
By the way, at present, browsing the weather forecast provided by the Japan Meteorological Agency via TV or the Internet is the main means of obtaining weather data. This weather forecast publishes an index indicating the future weather situation and the possibility of rainfall every 6 hours.

On the other hand, various weather data collection and distribution systems have been proposed as a method for promptly providing users with more detailed weather data.
As an example of a meteorological data collection and distribution system, the temperature, humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, sunshine duration, rainfall, snowfall, snowfall, etc. at arbitrary intervals on the relay transmission path of a bidirectional CATV (CAble TeleVision) system There is a configuration in which a large number of weather observation apparatuses that perform meteorological observation are installed, and weather data observed by these weather observation apparatuses is transmitted to an analysis center of a bidirectional CATV system (for example, see Patent Document 1).
The mobile communication terminal is equipped with sensors that measure temperature, atmospheric pressure, ultraviolet intensity, pollen concentration, etc., and the data obtained via these sensors is collected at the weather data service center to build a weather data database. There is a system for distributing information in response to a request from a communication terminal (for example, see Patent Document 2).

On the other hand, research is being conducted to observe atmospheric physical quantities called precipitable water and use them for weather forecasting. Precipitable water is a physical quantity that represents precipitation when water vapor contained from the surface of the earth to the top of the atmosphere is simulated to fall as rain. The rain phenomenon can be predicted by the relationship between this physical quantity and the saturated water vapor amount determined by the atmospheric temperature.
Precipitable water is calculated by installing a 2-frequency GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver in a fixed station whose three-dimensional position is already known with high accuracy, and deriving the atmospheric delay of GPS radio waves coming from the vicinity of the zenith. Derived by using ground temperature and pressure information. This derivation process will be briefly described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

In FIG. 10, first, from the GPS satellite orbit information, the GPS radio wave phase data observed at the fixed station, and the position (x, y, z) of the fixed station, the zenith atmospheric delay amount (hereinafter referred to as ZTD) over the fixed station. Ask). Subsequently, a zenith hydrostatic pressure delay amount (hereinafter referred to as ZHD) is obtained from the atmospheric pressure data at the fixed station, and a zenith wet delay amount (hereinafter referred to as ZWD) is obtained by taking the difference between ZTD and ZHD. Also, the amount of precipitable water over the fixed station is derived from the ZWD and the temperature at the fixed station.
In the current research, GEONET (GPS Earth Observing Network) possessed by the Geographical Survey Institute is used as a fixed station. GEONET is an electronic reference point network equipped with GPS receivers and communication devices, and about 1200 reference points are installed in various parts of Japan. At each electronic reference point, the close-contact measurement of the phase of the GPS radio wave is constantly performed, and the measured data is collected by the Geographical Survey Institute by an internal communication device and released. The Geographical Survey Institute is also deriving the amount of zenith atmospheric delay from the measured phase data (currently through offline processing). Derivation of precipitable water requires data on the air temperature and pressure at the surface point, but there are few sensors that measure these at each reference point of GEONET. It is necessary to acquire data by. In many cases, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 10, a value obtained by horizontally interpolating from the temperature and pressure data of the weather forecast published by the Japan Meteorological Agency is used.
JP 2004-363725 A JP 2002-358321 A

By the way, the probability of precipitation published by the Japan Meteorological Agency is every 6 hours, but it is desired to provide information closer to real time according to needs. There is also a problem that the target area of the forecast value is wide and the spatial resolution is rough.
According to the techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 described above, the observed information is the atmospheric state on the ground surface, and in Patent Document 2, the information related to rainfall is posterior data such as precipitation. This is not enough to predict the future rainfall phenomenon. Regarding the derivation of precipitable water using GEONET, observation data can be obtained more densely than the weather forecast of the Japan Meteorological Agency, but it is insufficient for deriving the precipitable water at a desired point. Furthermore, as the temperature and pressure data required for the analysis, values estimated from the weather forecast data are used, but as mentioned above, the weather forecast release time interval is long (six hours interval). These estimated values can be a factor that degrades the accuracy of the derived result.

  The present invention has been made based on the above-described circumstances, and estimates the possibility of rainfall in a place where a mobile station device such as a mobile terminal is located (hereinafter referred to as a precipitation possibility index) using the precipitable water amount. An object of the present invention is to provide a meteorological data distribution device, a local meteorological data distribution system, and a meteorological data estimation method in the system capable of distributing these meteorological data to a mobile station device at timing close to real time. .

In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a meteorological data in which a mobile station device having a positioning function and a fixed station device that generates phase data of radio waves received from a positioning satellite are connected via a communication network. A data collection management unit for collecting phase data measured by the fixed station device, data on orbit information of the positioning satellite, temperature and pressure data provided as weather forecast data, A fixed station zenith atmospheric delay amount deriving unit for deriving a zenith atmospheric delay amount in the fixed station from the collected phase data and data related to orbit information of the positioning satellite; and position information measured by the mobile station device Based on the zenith atmospheric delay amount output by the at least three fixed station devices located in the vicinity thereof, at the place where the mobile station device is located Estimates the top atmospheric delay estimates each temperature and pressure at the location of which are positioned the mobile station apparatus from the data of the temperature and pressure, the mobile station apparatus position from the estimated zenith tropospheric delay amount and pressure A zenith wet delay amount at a location where the mobile station device is located is derived from the derived zenith wet delay amount and the estimated temperature, and the derived precipitable water amount and the estimated based on the the temperature, and the mobile station PWV estimation unit for estimating a precipitation potential index at the location where the mobile station apparatus is located based on the request received from the mobile station apparatus, to the mobile station device A data distribution unit that distributes meteorological data including the index of the possibility of precipitation estimated at a location where the mobile station device is located.

  In the present invention, a mobile station device provided with a sensor for observing each of position, temperature, and atmospheric pressure is connected to a fixed station device that generates phase data of radio waves received from a positioning satellite via a communication network. A meteorological data distribution device, the phase data measured by the fixed station device, a data collection management unit for collecting data on orbit information of the positioning satellite, and the collected data from the collected data Based on the fixed station zenith atmospheric delay amount deriving unit for deriving the zenith atmospheric delay amount in the fixed station, and the position information measured by the mobile station device via the sensor, output from at least three fixed station devices located in the vicinity thereof A zenith atmospheric delay amount at a location where the mobile station device is located is estimated from the zenith atmospheric delay amount, and the estimated zenith atmospheric delay amount and the mobile station A zenith wet delay amount at a location where the mobile station device is located is derived from an observation value of atmospheric pressure output from a device, and the zenith wet delay amount at the location where the mobile station device is located and the observed temperature value output from the mobile station device Deriving the precipitable water amount at the location where the mobile station device is located, and estimating an index of the possibility of precipitation at the location where the mobile station device is located from the derived precipitable water amount and the observation value of the temperature Data distribution for distributing meteorological data including an index of the possibility of precipitation estimated at a location where the mobile station device is located to the mobile station device based on a request received from the mobile station device based on an amount estimation unit And a section.

  Further, in the present invention, the data collection management unit is based on the position information received from the plurality of mobile station devices, and the temperature, atmospheric pressure, precipitable water amount, precipitation possibility index at the location where each mobile station device is located. A wide-area weather situation map is generated, and the generated weather situation map is distributed to the mobile station apparatus that requested it.

Further, the present invention provides a station comprising a meteorological data distribution device, a mobile station device having a positioning function, and a fixed station device that generates phase data of radio waves received from a positioning artificial satellite via a communication network. A meteorological data distribution system, wherein the meteorological data distribution device includes phase data measured by the fixed station device, data related to orbit information of the positioning satellite, and temperature and pressure provided as weather forecast data. A data collection management unit for collecting the data of the fixed station, a fixed station zenith atmospheric delay amount derivation unit for deriving a zenith atmospheric delay amount in the fixed station from the collected phase data and data related to orbit information of the positioning satellite, Based on the position information measured by the mobile station device, the zenith atmospheric delay amount output by at least three fixed station devices located in the vicinity thereof The mobile station apparatus estimates the zenith tropospheric delay amount in place to position estimate each of the temperature and air temperature and pressure at the location of the mobile station apparatus is located from data of pressure, the estimated zenith tropospheric delay amount Deriving the zenith wet delay amount at the location where the mobile station device is located from the atmospheric pressure and deriving the precipitable water amount at the location where the mobile station device is located from the derived zenith wet delay amount and the estimated temperature, Based on the derived precipitable water amount and the estimated temperature, a mobile station precipitable water amount estimating unit that estimates an index of the possibility of precipitation at a location where the mobile station device is located, and the movement with respect to the mobile station device A data distribution unit that distributes weather data including the precipitation possibility index estimated at a location where the station device is located, and the mobile station device is connected to the weather data distribution device. A local meteorological data distribution request including the measured position information is transmitted, and as a response, meteorological data including a precipitation possibility index at a location where the mobile station is located is received from the meteorological data distribution apparatus. To do.

  The present invention also includes a meteorological data distribution device, a mobile station device that includes sensors for observing each of position, temperature, and pressure, and a fixed station device that generates phase data of radio waves received from positioning satellites. A local meteorological data distribution system connected via a communication network, wherein the meteorological data distribution apparatus collects phase data measured by the fixed station apparatus and data related to orbit information of the positioning satellite. A data collection management unit, a fixed station zenith atmospheric delay amount derivation unit for deriving a zenith atmospheric delay amount in the fixed station from the collected data, and position information measured by the mobile station device via the sensor Based on the amount of zenith atmospheric delay output from at least three fixed station devices located in the vicinity thereof, the zenith at the location where the mobile station device is located Estimating the air delay amount, deriving the zenith wet delay amount at the location where the mobile station device is located from the estimated zenith atmospheric delay amount and the observation value of the atmospheric pressure output from the mobile station device; Deriving the precipitable water amount at the location where the mobile station device is located from the zenith wet delay amount and the observed temperature value output from the mobile station device, and the movement from the derived precipitable water amount and the observed temperature value A mobile station precipitable water amount estimation unit that estimates an index of the possibility of precipitation at a location where the station device is located, and a data distribution unit that distributes weather data including the estimated precipitation possibility index. The station device transmits to the meteorological data distribution device a local meteorological data distribution request including the position information measured via the sensor and the observation values of the temperature and the atmospheric pressure. Wherein the receiving weather data from over data distribution apparatus includes a precipitation potential index at the location where the mobile station is located.

  The present invention also includes a meteorological data distribution device, a mobile station device that includes sensors for observing each of position, temperature, and pressure, and a fixed station device that generates phase data of radio waves received from positioning satellites. And a local meteorological data distribution system connected via a communication network, wherein the meteorological data distribution device includes phase data measured by the fixed station device and data on orbit information of the positioning satellite. A data collection management unit for collecting the zenith atmospheric delay amount deriving unit for deriving the zenith atmospheric delay amount in the fixed station device from the collected data and the position data of the fixed station device, and the sensor Zenith atmospheric delay output from at least three fixed station devices located in the vicinity based on position information measured by the mobile station device via From the mobile station zenith atmospheric delay amount estimation unit for estimating the zenith atmospheric delay amount at the location where the mobile station device is located, and the estimated mobile station zenith atmospheric delay amount distributed to the requested mobile station device The mobile station device receives the mobile station zenith atmospheric delay amount distributed by the meteorological data distribution device, and the mobile station device itself receives from the mobile station zenith atmospheric delay amount and the observation value of the atmospheric pressure. Deriving the zenith wet delay amount at the location where it is located, deriving the precipitable water amount at the location where it is located from the derived zenith wet delay amount and the observed value of the temperature, and deriving the precipitable wet amount and the temperature It is characterized by a mobile station precipitable water amount estimation unit for estimating an index of the possibility of precipitation at a location where the mobile phone is located from the observed values.

  In the present invention, the fixed station device is characterized in that it receives a radio wave of a GPS satellite or a quasi-zenith satellite and measures phase data.

  In the present invention, the fixed station device receives the observation data of the GEONET electronic reference point network of the Geographical Survey Institute and acquires the phase data.

Further, according to the present invention, the meteorological data distribution device estimates local meteorological data over the mobile station device based on a request from a mobile station device having a positioning function, and the estimated local meteorological data is transmitted via a communication network. A meteorological data estimation method in a local meteorological data distribution system that distributes to the mobile station device, the phase data being measured by a fixed station device that generates phase data of radio waves received from a positioning satellite, and the positioning The step of collecting data on the orbit information of the satellite for satellite use, the temperature and pressure data provided from outside as weather forecast data, and the fixed from the collected phase data and the data on the orbit information of the positioning satellite A step of deriving the amount of zenith atmospheric delay in the station, and a small amount of data located in the vicinity based on the position information measured by the mobile station device. Estimating a zenith atmospheric delay amount at a location where the mobile station device is located from zenith atmospheric delay amounts output by at least three fixed station devices; and the mobile station device is located from the temperature and pressure data. Estimating each temperature and pressure at the location, deriving a zenith wet delay amount at the location where the mobile station device is located from the estimated zenith atmospheric delay amount and pressure, and the derived zenith wet delay amount and the Derivable amount of precipitation at the location where the mobile station device is located from the estimated temperature, and based on the derived amount of precipitable water and the estimated temperature, an index of the possibility of precipitation at the location where the mobile station device is located And a step of estimating.

  Further, according to the present invention, the meteorological data distribution apparatus estimates local meteorological data over the mobile station apparatus based on a request from the mobile station apparatus provided with a sensor for observing each of the position, temperature, and atmospheric pressure, and the estimation A meteorological data estimation method in a local meteorological data distribution system that distributes received local meteorological data to the mobile station apparatus via a communication network, and generates a phase data of a radio wave received from a positioning satellite Collecting phase data measured by the apparatus, data relating to orbit information of the positioning satellite, deriving a zenith atmospheric delay amount in the fixed station from the collected data, and via the sensor Based on the position information measured by the mobile station device, the amount of zenith atmospheric delay output from at least three fixed station devices located in the vicinity thereof A step of estimating a zenith atmospheric delay amount at a location where the mobile station device is located, and a location where the mobile station device is located based on the estimated zenith atmospheric delay amount and an observation value of atmospheric pressure output from the mobile station device Deriving a zenith wet delay amount in the above, deriving a precipitable water amount at a location where the mobile station device is located from the derived zenith wet delay amount and an observation value of the temperature output from the mobile station device, Estimating the index of the possibility of precipitation at the place where the mobile station device is located from the derived amount of precipitable water and the observed temperature value.

  Further, according to the present invention, the meteorological data distribution apparatus estimates local meteorological data over the mobile station apparatus based on a request from the mobile station apparatus provided with a sensor for observing each of the position, temperature, and atmospheric pressure, and the estimation Is a meteorological data estimation method in a local meteorological data distribution system for distributing the received local meteorological data to the mobile station apparatus via a communication network, wherein the meteorological data distribution apparatus receives radio waves received from positioning satellites. Collecting phase data measured by a fixed station device that generates phase data; data relating to orbit information of the positioning satellite; and the meteorological data distribution device including the collected data and the fixed station Deriving the amount of zenith atmospheric delay in the fixed station device from the position data of the device, and positioning by the mobile station device via the sensor. Estimating a zenith atmospheric delay amount at a location where the mobile station device is located based on zenith atmospheric delay amounts output from at least three fixed station devices located in the vicinity thereof based on the position information; A device receives the estimated mobile station zenith atmospheric delay amount distributed by the meteorological data distribution device, and a zenith wet delay amount at a location where the mobile station zenith atmospheric delay amount and the observed value of the atmospheric pressure are located And the mobile station device derives the precipitable water amount at a location where the mobile station device is located from the derived zenith wet delay amount and the observed temperature value, and the derived precipitable water amount and the air temperature. Estimating an index of the possibility of precipitation at a location where it is located from the observed values.

According to the present invention, the meteorological data distribution device obtains the zenith atmospheric delay amount at the fixed station point from the phase data at the fixed station device, and at the three or more fixed station points around it from the current position of the mobile station device. The zenith atmospheric delay amount at the location where the mobile station device is located is estimated using the zenith atmospheric delay amount, and the estimated zenith atmospheric delay amount at the location where the mobile station device is located, and the temperature and pressure From the estimated value or measured value, the amount of precipitable water at the location where the mobile station device is located is derived, and the possibility of precipitation at the location where the mobile station device is located is estimated from the derived amount of precipitable water. Deliver to the mobile station device.
This makes it possible to estimate the possibility of rainfall at a location where the mobile station device is located using a physical quantity called precipitable water, and to deliver these weather data to the mobile station device in almost real time. Can do. At this time, weather data in the local area can be extracted by densely installing fixed stations, and if the data collection interval from the fixed station is shortened, weather data closer to real time can be provided. it can. Therefore, it is possible to obtain meteorological data with high resolution in terms of time and space compared to the weather forecast.

  In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide the user with prior information on the possibility of simple and quick rainfall / snow using only the precipitable water amount and the temperature. Furthermore, according to the present invention, by using the zenith atmospheric delay amount at three or more fixed stations around the mobile station device, the zenith atmospheric delay amount at the location where the mobile station device is located can be obtained. In addition, by installing temperature and barometric pressure sensors in the mobile station device, it becomes possible to use it as measured values at the location where the mobile station device is currently located as temperature and barometric pressure data necessary for analysis. Highly accurate results can be obtained.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a system configuration of a local weather data distribution system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The local meteorological data distribution system according to the embodiment of the present invention is equipped with a GPS receiver capable of observing the radio wave emitted from the positioning artificial satellite 7, here two GPS radio waves, and a communication device. A plurality of fixed station devices # 1 (2), # 2 (3), # 3 (4) whose three-dimensional position coordinates are known with high accuracy, a mobile station device 1 having a positioning function, and the fixed station described above The radio wave phase of the positioning artificial satellite 7 measured by the devices 2, 3, 4 is collected at regular time intervals, and the mobile station device 1 is located at the location where the mobile station device 1 is located in response to a request issued from the mobile station device 1. It is composed of a meteorological data distribution device 5 that estimates meteorological data and distributes it to the requested mobile station device 1. The fixed station apparatuses 2, 3, 4, the mobile station apparatus 1, and the weather data distribution apparatus 5 are all connected via a communication network 6.

The fixed station apparatuses 2, 3, and 4 measure the phase of the radio wave transmitted from the positioning artificial satellite 7 near the zenith. The communication device built in the fixed station apparatuses 2, 3, 4 includes, for example, the phase data of the GPS radio wave measured by the GPS receiver, the observation time, and the position coordinates of the fixed stations 2, 3, 4 as one. The files are collected and transmitted to the weather data distribution apparatus 5 via the communication network 6 at predetermined time intervals.
In addition, the mobile station apparatus 1 may be equipped with a sensor for observing air temperature and atmospheric pressure in addition to the positioning sensor. Further, the positioning artificial satellite 7 may be a quasi-zenith satellite without being limited to GPS.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the internal configuration of the meteorological data distribution apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Here, the connection relationship with other apparatuses that construct the local meteorological data distribution system is also shown. It is shown.
The meteorological data distribution device 5 is installed in the analysis center, and includes a data collection management unit 51, a fixed station zenith atmospheric delay (ZTD) deriving unit 52, a mobile station precipitable water amount estimation unit 53, a data distribution unit 54, It consists of databases (DB1) 56, (DB2) 57, and (DB3) 58.

The data collection management unit 51 manages the data transmitted from the fixed station apparatuses 2, 3, and 4 distributed in a wide area together with the fixed station name, the fixed station ID, and the position coordinates of the fixed station, and stores them in DB2 (57). save. In addition, the data collection management unit 51 collects information on GPS satellite orbits as necessary data for derivation of precipitable water, and external reference data (temperature, atmospheric pressure) such as weather forecasts as necessary to create a database (DB1). 56.
The fixed station ZTD deriving unit 52 also collects data collected by the data collection management unit 51 (phase data in each fixed station device 2, 3, 4; coordinate position of the fixed station devices 2, 3, 4; and GPS satellites). The ZTD at each fixed station point is derived based on the information on the trajectory. The derived ZTD is held and managed by the data collection management unit 52DB2 (57) together with the position data of the fixed station apparatuses 2, 3, and 4.

  Based on the position information measured by the mobile station device 1, the mobile station precipitable water amount estimation unit 53 determines the mobile station device 1 from the ZTD output by at least three fixed station devices 2, 3, and 4 located in the vicinity thereof. Estimate the ZTD at the location. Further, the temperature and pressure at the location where the mobile station device 1 is located are estimated from the temperature and pressure data, and the zenith wet delay amount (ZWD) at the location where the mobile station device 1 is located is estimated from the estimated ZTD and pressure. To derive. Furthermore, the amount of precipitable water at the location where the mobile station device 1 is located is derived from the derived ZWD and the previously estimated temperature, and the precipitation at the location where the mobile station device 1 is located based on the derived amount of precipitable water and the temperature. Estimate the probability index. The meteorological data including the mobile station precipitable water amount estimated here is held in the DB 3 together with the wide area weather situation map described later under the management of the data collection management unit 51.

  The data distribution unit 54 distributes meteorological data including an index of the possibility of precipitation estimated at the location where the mobile station apparatus 1 is located to the mobile station apparatus 1 based on the request received from the mobile station apparatus 1. .

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the internal configuration of the meteorological data distribution apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Similarly to FIG. 2, the connection relationship with other apparatuses constructing the local meteorological data distribution system is also shown. It is shown.
The difference from the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is that the mobile station apparatus 1 is equipped with a temperature sensor and an atmospheric pressure sensor in addition to the positioning sensor (GPS receiver). For this reason, when the mobile station apparatus 1 issues a request for local weather data such as precipitable water and a precipitation possibility index to the weather data distribution apparatus 5, in addition to the location information of the current location, observation is performed by a sensor. To provide the temperature and pressure data. This eliminates the need for external reference data such as weather forecasts.

FIG. 5 shows a processing process from when the mobile station apparatus 1 issues a ZTD acquisition request to the weather data distribution apparatus 5 until the precipitable water amount over the mobile station apparatus 1 is derived.
In FIG. 5, the mobile station apparatus 1 first measures the location by a GPS receiver (S501), and issues a ZTD acquisition request using the positioning data as a parameter (S502). Here, when the mobile station apparatus 1 is equipped with each sensor as temperature and barometric pressure data necessary for derivation of precipitable water and uses the actual measurement values, these data are also notified to the weather data distribution apparatus 5 at the same time. .
The data distribution unit 54 of the meteorological data distribution device 5 that has received the ZTD acquisition request performs a positioning calculation as needed from the positioning data of the mobile station device 1 (S503), and then the mobile station precipitable water amount estimation unit 53 To send the mobile station coordinates. If there are actual measured values of temperature and pressure at the location of the mobile station device 1, these are also transmitted simultaneously (S504).

  The mobile station precipitable water amount estimation unit 53 requests the data collection management unit 52 to acquire ZTD data in the peripheral fixed station apparatuses 2, 3, and 4 based on the mobile station coordinates. The data collection management unit 52 that has received the request acquires from the DB 3 based on the mobile station coordinates (S505). The data collection management unit 52 returns the collected position coordinates of the peripheral fixed stations 2, 3 and 4 and the fixed station ZTD to the mobile station precipitable water amount estimation unit 53. The mobile station precipitable water amount estimation unit 53 interpolates the peripheral fixed station ZTD based on the positions of the peripheral fixed stations 2, 3 and 4 and the position of the mobile station apparatus 1, thereby positioning the mobile station apparatus 1. The mobile station ZTD at the place is estimated (S506).

  Here, when there is no actual measurement value of temperature and pressure at the location where the mobile station device 1 is located, the mobile station precipitable water amount estimation unit 53 uses temperature and pressure data such as weather forecasts collected by the data collection management unit 51. From the above, the temperature and pressure at the place where the mobile station device 1 is located are estimated. The mobile station precipitable water amount estimation unit 53 further derives the ZTD at the location where the estimated mobile station device 1 is located (S507), and the mobile station device 1 is located from the temperature and atmospheric pressure (estimated value or actual measured value). The amount of precipitable water at the place to be derived is derived (S508). The mobile station precipitable water amount estimation unit 53 further estimates a precipitation possibility index at the location where the mobile station device is located from the derived precipitable water amount and the temperature at the location where the mobile station device is located (S509). . The estimation of the possibility of precipitation is performed by comparing and referring to an empirically collected rainfall phenomenon database (not shown). The rainfall phenomenon database shows the possibility of precipitation created from the relationship between precipitable water, temperature and actual rainfall in each region.

  After estimating the precipitation possibility index, the mobile station precipitable water amount estimation unit 53 outputs weather data including the precipitable water amount and the precipitation possibility index to the data distribution unit 54. The data distribution unit 54 outputs meteorological data such as the precipitable amount and the precipitation possibility index at the location where the mobile station device 1 is output, which is output from the mobile station precipitable water amount estimation unit 53, that is, the analysis result and the mobile station device 1. The present position and, if necessary, the data relating to the temperature / atmospheric pressure are distributed to the requested mobile station device 1 via the communication network 6 (S510). The mobile station device 1 displays these data received from the weather data distribution device 5 (S511).

According to the second embodiment of the present invention described above, detailed weather data can be easily obtained over a wide area by using the possibility of precipitation at a place where a plurality of mobile station devices 1 are located, temperature, and atmospheric pressure data. It becomes possible to collect. In addition, the reliability of the estimation results can be improved by updating the precipitation phenomenon database used for estimating the precipitation possibility index based on the generated precipitation possibility index and the actual rainfall.
Based on these meteorological data, the meteorological data distribution device 5 can generate a wide-area meteorological situation diagram (temperature, pressure, precipitation possibility index, precipitable water amount map) and distribute it to the mobile station device 1. The process of delivering this wide-area weather situation diagram to the mobile station apparatus 1 is shown as an operation sequence diagram in FIG.

In FIG. 6, the mobile station apparatus 1 first issues a wide area weather data distribution request to the weather data distribution apparatus 5 (S601). In the meteorological data distribution apparatus 5, the data distribution unit 54 receives this request together with the mobile station coordinates, and performs a wide-area meteorological data acquisition procedure from the data collection management unit 52 (S602).
Specifically, the data distribution unit 54 transmits the mobile station coordinates and reception times of the plurality of mobile stations 1 to the data collection management unit 52, and the data collection management unit 52 receives the movements received from the plurality of mobile station devices. Generate a map showing the weather conditions in a wide area by acquiring the station coordinates and the temperature, pressure, precipitable water, precipitation possibility index at the location where each mobile station device 1 is located with reference to DB1, 2, 3 The data is supplied to the data distribution unit 54 (S603). The data distribution unit 54 distributes the generated wide-area weather map to the requested mobile station device 1. The mobile station apparatus 1 displays the received wide area weather map and prompts the user to confirm (S605).

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of a weather data distribution apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. Similarly to the first and second cases shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, connection relationships with other devices that construct the local weather data distribution system are also shown.
According to the first and second embodiments, the meteorological data distribution apparatus 1 executes from the ZTD where the mobile station apparatus 1 is located to the estimation of the precipitation possibility index. On the other hand, in the third embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the mobile station apparatus 1 estimates the precipitation possibility index from the ZTD. For this reason, the mobile station apparatus 1 includes the mobile station precipitable water amount estimation unit 11. . The mobile station precipitable water amount estimation unit 11 receives the mobile station ZTD distributed by the meteorological data distribution device 5, derives the ZWD at the location where the mobile station ZTD and the atmospheric pressure are located, and derives the derived ZWD The precipitable water in the place where it is located is derived from the observed value of the temperature and the temperature, and the index of the possibility of precipitation in the place where it is located is estimated from the derived precipitable water and the observed value of the temperature. The operation of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 4 will be described in detail below with reference to the sequence diagram shown in FIG.

After performing the positioning process (S701) and observing the temperature and the atmospheric pressure (S702), the mobile station apparatus 1 transmits only the ZTD acquisition request and the positioning information to the weather data distribution apparatus 5 (S703). The meteorological data distribution device 5 performs the positioning calculation of the mobile station device 1 (S704), and then estimates the ZTD at the location where the mobile station device 1 is located by the same method as the embodiment shown in FIGS. (S705 to S707). Description of the processing of S705 to S707 is omitted to avoid duplication.
The data distribution unit 54 of the weather data distribution apparatus 5 transmits the estimated ZTD and the current position of the mobile station apparatus 1 to the mobile station apparatus 1 (S708). As a result, the mobile station precipitable water amount estimation unit 11 of the mobile station device 1 derives the precipitable water amount and estimates the precipitation possibility index from the received ZTD, measured values of the temperature and the atmospheric pressure. Specifically, the ZWD at the location where it is located is derived from the mobile station ZTD and the observation value of atmospheric pressure (S709), and the precipitable water amount at the location where it is located is derived from the derived observation value of ZWD and temperature. (S710), an index of the possibility of precipitation at the location where the user is located is estimated from the derived precipitation amount and temperature observation value (S711), and the estimation result is transmitted to the data distribution unit 54 of the weather data distribution device 5 (S712) and display on the display monitor (S713).

  The data distribution unit 54 receives meteorological data such as precipitable water amount, rainfall possibility index, temperature, atmospheric pressure, etc., performs a procedure for updating the wide area meteorological data (S714), and transmits it to the data collection management unit 52 together with the mobile station coordinates. . And the update process of wide area weather data is performed in the data collection management part 52 (S715). It transmits to the mobile station apparatus 1 in response to the request.

  According to the third embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 4, the processing load of the mobile station apparatus 1 is increased as compared with the first and second embodiments shown in FIGS. The load on the distribution device 5 can be suppressed. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, when accesses from a plurality of mobile station apparatuses 1 are concentrated, the load of the weather data distribution apparatus 5 is increased and the load on the mobile station apparatus 1 is increased. Notification may be delayed. On the other hand, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the processing load on the weather data distribution device 5 is reduced, so that even when access is concentrated on the weather data distribution device 5 from a plurality of mobile station devices 1, the weather data distribution device 5. The load on the mobile station apparatus 1 is small and the response of the analysis result to each mobile station apparatus 1 is quick.

Note that GEONET may be used as the fixed station apparatuses 2, 3, and 4 in the embodiment shown in FIGS. By using the GEONET observation data, it is not necessary to install a fixed station again, and a system can be constructed at low cost. Further, if the data derived up to the zenith atmospheric delay amount is provided at a timing close to real time, the meteorological data distribution system of the present invention does not need to acquire the orbit information of the GPS satellite.
Further, not only GPS satellites but also the radio waves of satellites passing near the zenith can be used for the same measurement. That is, if there are fixed station apparatuses 2, 3, and 4 equipped with satellites that transmit positioning radio waves, receivers that measure the radio waves, and communication devices, a system similar to the embodiment shown in FIGS. It becomes possible to construct. For example, if a quasi-zenith satellite scheduled to be launched after 2010 AD is used, a satellite is always present near the zenith in Japan, so that it is possible to successively measure the amount of precipitable water over Japan.

In a summary, FIG. 8 or FIG. 9 shows the process of deriving the precipitable water amount at the location where the mobile station device 1 is located, that is, the procedure of the local weather data estimation method in the present invention.
FIG. 8 shows a method for estimating the temperature and pressure required for analysis from external reference data such as weather forecast values, and FIG. 9 shows the temperature and pressure data acquired by a sensor mounted on the mobile station apparatus 1. This shows a method of using the actually measured values.
The meteorological data distribution device 5 obtains the ZTD of the fixed station point from the phase data in the fixed station devices 2, 3, 4, and from the current position of the mobile station device 1, at three or more fixed station points around it. The ZTD at the place (mobile station point) where the mobile station apparatus 1 is located is estimated using the ZTD. Then, the precipitable water amount at the mobile station point is derived from the estimated ZTD at the mobile station point and the estimated value or measured value of the air temperature and pressure at the mobile station point. Then, the possibility of precipitation at the mobile station point is estimated from the derived amount of precipitable water, and is distributed to the mobile station device 1 that requested it.

As described above, according to the present invention, the meteorological data distribution device 5 obtains the ZTD of the fixed station point from the phase data in the fixed station devices # 1 to # 3 (2, 3, 4), and the present mobile station device 1 From the position, the ZTD at the location (mobile station point) where the mobile station apparatus 1 is located is estimated using ZTD at three or more fixed station points in the vicinity, and at the estimated mobile station point. Deriving the precipitable water amount at the mobile station point from the ZTD and the estimated value of the temperature, the atmospheric pressure, or the measured value, and estimating the possibility of precipitation at the mobile station point from the derived precipitable water amount and requesting it Is distributed to the mobile station apparatus 1 in which the error occurred.
This makes it possible to estimate the possibility of rainfall at a location where the mobile station device 1 is located using a physical quantity called precipitable water, and to distribute these weather data to the mobile station device 1 in almost real time. Can do. At this time, meteorological data in the local area can be extracted by densely installing the fixed stations, and weather data closer to real time can be provided by shortening the data collection interval from the fixed stations. Therefore, it is possible to obtain meteorological data with high resolution in terms of time and space compared to the weather forecast.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it becomes possible to provide a user with prior information about the possibility of simple and quick rainfall / snowfall using only precipitable water amount and temperature. Further, by using the zenith atmospheric delay amount at three or more fixed station devices 2, 3, and 4 around the mobile station device 1, the zenith atmospheric delay amount at the place where the mobile station device 1 is located can be obtained. it can. In addition, by installing the temperature and pressure sensor in the mobile station device 1, it becomes possible to use as actual values at the location where the mobile station device is currently located as temperature and pressure data necessary for analysis. Thus, a highly accurate result can be obtained.

It is a figure which shows an example of the system configuration | structure of the local area weather data delivery system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the internal structure of the weather data delivery apparatus which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the internal structure of the weather data delivery apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the internal structure of the weather data delivery apparatus which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is the operation | movement sequence diagram quoted in order to demonstrate operation | movement of the 1st, 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is the operation | movement sequence diagram quoted in order to demonstrate operation | movement of the 1st, 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is the operation | movement sequence diagram quoted in order to demonstrate operation | movement of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is the flowchart quoted in order to demonstrate the procedure of the local weather data estimation method in this invention. It is the flowchart quoted in order to demonstrate the procedure of the local weather data estimation method in this invention. It is the flowchart quoted in order to demonstrate the procedure of the conventional local weather data estimation method.

Explanation of symbols

1-Mobile station device, 2 (3, 4)-Fixed station device # 1 to # 3, 5-Weather data distribution device, 6-Communication network, 7-Satellite for positioning, 51-Data collection management unit, 52- Fixed station zenith atmospheric delay amount derivation unit, 53--mobile station precipitable water amount estimation unit, 54--data distribution unit, 55--mobile station zenith atmospheric delay amount derivation unit, 56 (57, 58)-database (DB1-DB3)

Claims (11)

A mobile station device having a positioning function and a fixed station device that generates phase data of radio waves received from positioning satellites are meteorological data distribution devices connected via a communication network,
A data collection management unit for collecting phase data measured by the fixed station device, data on orbit information of the positioning satellite, and temperature and pressure data provided as weather forecast data;
A fixed station zenith atmospheric delay amount derivation unit for deriving a zenith atmospheric delay amount in the fixed station from the collected phase data and data related to orbit information of the positioning satellite;
Based on the position information measured by the mobile station device, the zenith atmospheric delay amount at the location where the mobile station device is located is estimated from the zenith atmospheric delay amounts output by at least three fixed station devices located in the vicinity thereof. The temperature and pressure at the location where the mobile station device is located are estimated from the temperature and pressure data, and the zenith wet delay amount at the location where the mobile station device is located is derived from the estimated zenith atmospheric delay amount and pressure. And deriving the precipitable water amount at the location where the mobile station device is located from the derived zenith wet delay amount and the estimated temperature, and based on the derived precipitable water amount and the estimated temperature, the mobile station A mobile station precipitable water amount estimating unit for estimating an index of the possibility of precipitation at a place where the device is located;
Data distribution for distributing meteorological data including an index of the possibility of precipitation estimated at a location where the mobile station apparatus is located to the mobile station apparatus based on the zenith atmospheric delay amount acquisition request received from the mobile station apparatus And
A meteorological data distribution apparatus comprising: A meteorological data distribution apparatus in which a mobile station apparatus having sensors for observing each of position, temperature, and atmospheric pressure and a fixed station apparatus that generates phase data of radio waves received from positioning satellites are connected via a communication network Because
A data collection management unit that collects phase data measured by the fixed station device, and data related to orbit information of the positioning satellite;
A fixed station zenith atmospheric delay amount derivation unit for deriving a zenith atmospheric delay amount in the fixed station from each of the collected data;
Based on the position information measured by the mobile station device via the sensor, the zenith atmospheric delay at the location where the mobile station device is located, based on the zenith atmospheric delay amount output from at least three fixed station devices located in the vicinity thereof Estimating the amount, deriving the zenith wet delay amount at the location where the mobile station device is located from the estimated zenith atmospheric delay amount and the observation value of the atmospheric pressure output from the mobile station device, and the derived zenith wetness The mobile station device derives the precipitable water amount at the location where the mobile station device is located from the delay amount and the observed temperature value output from the mobile station device, and the mobile station device from the derived precipitable water amount and the observed temperature value. A mobile station precipitable water amount estimation unit for estimating an index of the possibility of precipitation at a location where
Data distribution for distributing meteorological data including an index of the possibility of precipitation estimated at a location where the mobile station apparatus is located to the mobile station apparatus based on the zenith atmospheric delay amount acquisition request received from the mobile station apparatus And
A meteorological data distribution apparatus comprising: The data collection management unit
A wide-area weather situation map is generated based on position information received from a plurality of mobile station apparatuses, and temperature, atmospheric pressure, precipitable water, and precipitation possibility index at a location where each mobile station apparatus is located, and the generated The meteorological data distribution apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the meteorological situation map is distributed to the requested mobile station apparatus. A local weather data distribution system in which a meteorological data distribution device, a mobile station device having a positioning function, and a fixed station device that generates phase data of radio waves received from positioning satellites are connected via a communication network. There,
The weather data distribution device includes:
A data collection management unit that collects phase data measured by the fixed station device, data on orbit information of the positioning satellite, temperature and pressure data provided as weather forecast data, and the collected data A fixed station zenith atmospheric delay amount deriving unit for deriving a zenith atmospheric delay amount in the fixed station from phase data and data relating to orbit information of the positioning satellite, and its surroundings based on position information measured by the mobile station device The zenith atmospheric delay amount at the location where the mobile station device is located is estimated from the zenith atmospheric delay amounts output by the at least three fixed station devices located in the location, and the mobile station device is located from the temperature and pressure data. The location where the mobile station device is located by estimating the temperature and the atmospheric pressure at the location, and from the estimated zenith atmospheric delay amount and atmospheric pressure Deriving a definitive zenith wet delay, the derived zenith wet delay and the estimated temperature from the mobile station apparatus derives precipitable water in place to position, and the presumed PWV which are the derived temperature Based on the above, a mobile station precipitable water amount estimation unit that estimates an index of the possibility of precipitation at a location where the mobile station device is located, and the mobile station device estimated at the location where the mobile station device is located A data distribution unit that distributes weather data including a precipitation potential index,
The mobile station device transmits a local weather data distribution request including the positional information to the weather data distribution device, and as a response, the mobile station device can rain in the location where the mobile station is located. A local meteorological data distribution system characterized by receiving meteorological data including a sex index. A meteorological data distribution device, a mobile station device equipped with sensors for observing each of position, temperature, and atmospheric pressure, and a fixed station device that generates phase data of radio waves received from positioning satellites are connected via a communication network. A local meteorological data distribution system comprising:
The weather data distribution device includes:
The phase data measured by the fixed station device, the data collection management unit that collects data related to the orbit information of the positioning satellite, and the zenith atmospheric delay amount in the fixed station is derived from the collected data. Based on position information measured by the mobile station apparatus via the fixed station zenith atmospheric delay amount deriving unit and the sensor, the movement from the zenith atmospheric delay amount output from at least three fixed station apparatuses located in the vicinity thereof A zenith atmospheric delay amount at a location where the station device is located is estimated, and a zenith wet delay amount at the location where the mobile station device is located from the estimated zenith atmospheric delay amount and an observation value of the atmospheric pressure output from the mobile station device From the observed zenith wet delay amount and the observed temperature value output from the mobile station device, the location where the mobile station device is located A mobile station precipitable water amount estimation unit for deriving a precipitable water amount, and estimating an index of the possibility of precipitation at a location where the mobile station device is located from the derived precipitable water amount and the observed temperature value, and the estimation A data distribution unit that distributes weather data including the calculated precipitation possibility index,
The mobile station device transmits to the meteorological data distribution device a local meteorological data distribution request including positional information measured via the sensor and observation values of temperature and pressure, and as a response, the meteorological data A local meteorological data distribution system for receiving meteorological data including a precipitation possibility index at a location where the mobile station is located from a distribution apparatus. A meteorological data distribution device, a mobile station device equipped with sensors for observing each of position, temperature, and pressure, and a fixed station device that generates phase data of radio waves received from positioning satellites are respectively connected via a communication network. A local meteorological data distribution system connected to each other,
The weather data distribution device includes:
From the phase data measured by the fixed station device, a data collection management unit that collects data related to orbit information of the positioning satellite, the fixed station from the collected data and the position data of the fixed station device A fixed station zenith atmospheric delay amount deriving unit for deriving a zenith atmospheric delay amount in the device, and at least three fixed station devices located in the vicinity thereof based on position information measured by the mobile station device via the sensor From the output zenith atmospheric delay amount, the mobile station zenith atmospheric delay amount estimation unit for estimating the zenith atmospheric delay amount at the location where the mobile station device is located, and the estimated mobile station zenith atmospheric delay amount are requested. A data distribution unit for distributing to the mobile station device,
The mobile station apparatus receives the mobile station zenith atmospheric delay amount distributed by the meteorological data distribution apparatus, and calculates the zenith wet delay amount at a location where the mobile station apparatus is located from the mobile station zenith atmospheric delay amount and the observation value of the atmospheric pressure. Deriving, deriving the precipitable water amount at the location where it is located from the derived zenith wet delay amount and the observed temperature value, and the location where the self is located from the derived precipitable water amount and the observed temperature value A local meteorological data distribution system equipped with a mobile station precipitable water amount estimation unit for estimating an index of possibility of precipitation in Japan. The local weather data distribution system according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the fixed station device receives a radio wave of a GPS satellite or a quasi-zenith satellite and measures phase data. 7. The local meteorological data according to claim 4, wherein the fixed station device receives observation data of an electronic reference point network GEONET of the Geographical Survey Institute and acquires the phase data. Distribution system. A meteorological data distribution device estimates local meteorological data over the mobile station device based on a request from a mobile station device having a positioning function, and distributes the estimated local meteorological data to the mobile station device via a communication network. A meteorological data estimation method in a local meteorological data distribution system,
Phase data measured by a fixed station device that generates phase data of radio waves received from a positioning satellite, data on orbit information of the positioning satellite, and temperature and atmospheric pressure provided externally as weather forecast data Collecting data,
Deriving a zenith atmospheric delay amount in the fixed station from the collected phase data and data on orbit information of the positioning satellite;
Based on position information measured by the mobile station device, a zenith atmospheric delay amount at a location where the mobile station device is located is estimated from zenith atmospheric delay amounts output by at least three fixed station devices located around the mobile station device. Steps,
The temperature and pressure at the location where the mobile station device is located are estimated from the temperature and pressure data, and the zenith wet delay amount at the location where the mobile station device is located from the estimated zenith atmospheric delay and pressure. Deriving steps;
Deriving the precipitable water amount at the location where the mobile station device is located from the derived zenith wet delay amount and the estimated temperature, and based on the derived precipitable water amount and the estimated temperature, the mobile station device Estimating an index of potential precipitation at the location,
A meteorological data estimation method comprising: Based on a request from a mobile station apparatus equipped with a sensor for observing each of position, temperature, and pressure, the weather data distribution apparatus estimates local weather data over the mobile station apparatus, and the estimated local weather data A meteorological data estimation method in a local meteorological data distribution system, which distributes to the mobile station device via a communication network,
Collecting phase data measured by a fixed station device that generates phase data of radio waves received from a positioning satellite; and data relating to orbit information of the positioning satellite;
The zenith atmospheric delay amount in the fixed station is derived from the collected data, and based on position information measured by the mobile station device via the sensor, from at least three fixed station devices located in the vicinity thereof Estimating the zenith atmospheric delay amount at the location where the mobile station device is located from the output zenith atmospheric delay amount;
Deriving a zenith wet delay amount at a location where the mobile station device is located from the estimated zenith atmospheric delay amount and an observation value of atmospheric pressure output from the mobile station device;
Deriving the precipitable water amount at the location where the mobile station device is located from the derived zenith wet delay amount and the observed temperature value output from the mobile station device, and observing the derived precipitable water amount and the air temperature Estimating an index of the possibility of precipitation at a location where the mobile station device is located from a value;
A meteorological data estimation method comprising: Based on a request from a mobile station apparatus equipped with a sensor for observing each of position, temperature, and pressure, the weather data distribution apparatus estimates local weather data over the mobile station apparatus, and the estimated local weather data A meteorological data estimation method in a local meteorological data distribution system, which distributes to the mobile station device via a communication network,
The meteorological data distribution device collects phase data measured by a fixed station device that generates phase data of radio waves received from a positioning artificial satellite, and data related to orbit information of the positioning artificial satellite;
The weather data distribution device deriving a zenith atmospheric delay amount in the fixed station device from the collected data and the position data of the fixed station device;
Based on the positional information measured by the mobile station device via the sensor, the zenith at the location where the mobile station device is located from the zenith atmospheric delay amount output from at least three fixed station devices located in the vicinity thereof Estimating the amount of atmospheric delay;
The mobile station device receives the estimated mobile station zenith atmospheric delay amount distributed by the weather data distribution device, and the zenith at a location where the mobile station device is located from the mobile station zenith atmospheric delay amount and the observation value of the atmospheric pressure. Deriving a wetting delay amount;
The mobile station device derives the precipitable water amount at a location where the mobile station device is located from the derived zenith wet delay amount and the observed temperature value, and from the derived precipitable water amount and the observed temperature value, Estimating an index of potential precipitation at the location,
A meteorological data estimation method comprising:

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