JP4508128B2 - Hemodialysis machine, liquid circuit body - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hemodialysis apparatus for processing blood derived from a human body and the like, and a liquid circuit body applied to the hemodialysis apparatus main body, and in particular, a state in which the liquid circuit is held so as to be compatible with the apparatus main body. The present invention relates to a hemodialysis apparatus in which a liquid circuit can be attached and detached, a liquid circuit body, and the like.

  When blood purification therapy is performed, it is necessary to construct a blood circuit that uses the blood purification components such as tubes and filters to extract the patient's blood outside the body, pass the blood through the filter, and return the blood to the patient again. is there.

  In particular, continuous renal support therapy (CRRT) not only has a blood circuit for blood circulation, but also requires a correction metering mechanism used to adjust the amount and concentration of blood and a rehydration circuit. Therefore, the number of parts increases. And a circuit constructed using these components is very complicated.

  On the other hand, misplacement of parts and mistakes in circuit construction are serious problems relating to the life of a patient to be dialyzed, and occurrence of mistakes in parts and mistakes in circuit construction are not allowed.

  Traditionally, nurses and others have assembled separate circuits and parts that have been combined in advance to a certain degree, and fixed them to fixed parts such as hooks provided in dialysis machines, etc. This is a great work load.

Accordingly, various proposals have been made for the purpose of reducing this burden.
For example, Patent Document 1 describes a circuit body in which a liquid passing portion is integrally provided between superimposed resin sheets. According to the circuit body, since it can be attached to a processing apparatus in a state where a circuit has already been formed, there are few mistakes in circuit construction, and attachment work is simplified.

Patent Document 2 describes a blood circuit in which a part is fixed to one sheet. According to the blood circuit, bending or tangle of the tube can be prevented, and the blood circuit can be definitely attached to the processing apparatus.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-113461 Noto 3082021

  However, although the invention described in Patent Document 1 is effective in improving the mountability of the circuit to the processing apparatus, the blood circuit is integrally fixed to the resin sheet almost entirely, and only the circuit at an arbitrary location is used. It cannot be removed. For this reason, even when necessary, the circuit cannot be detached from the sheet and the preparatory operation cannot be performed. For example, when bubbles are generated in the middle of the blood circuit, it is not possible to treat only the portion where the bubbles are generated. Therefore, there are cases where air bubbles cannot be removed from the blood circuit.

  In addition, since the entire blood circuit is integrated, it may become inconvenient to store, transport, and attach to a processing apparatus.

  On the other hand, although the invention described in Patent Document 2 can treat only the portion where bubbles are generated, there are many portions that are not fixed, and the arrangement of each circuit when used is not considered. When deploying from a state to a use state, there is a risk that the large-diameter component and the tube or the tubes will be entangled and difficult to deploy, or that the entangled part may be damaged by applying an excessive force.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and can easily handle the generated bubbles, and can easily and reliably construct a complicated circuit, and the circuit can be stored compactly and stored. An object of the present invention is to provide a hemodialysis apparatus and a liquid circuit body that can be easily used from the state.

  In order to achieve the above object, a hemodialysis apparatus according to the present invention is a hemodialysis apparatus for deriving blood outside the body and processing the blood, and a blood driving means for circulating the blood circulates in the front and the treatment liquid is circulated. The processing liquid drive means for making it equip with the apparatus main body provided in the side different from the said front, The following (1)-(5) is arrange | positioned at the said front. That is, (1) a front substrate provided with a penetrating portion through which the blood drive means penetrates, and (2) detachable from the front substrate and corresponding to the blood drive means A blood circuit for circulating blood, (3) detection means for detecting the pressure of blood in the blood circuit, and (4) a detection means holding portion provided on the front substrate for holding the detection means (5) A dialyzer folder holding a dialyzer for filtering and purifying blood, and the following (6) and (7) are arranged on the side surface. That is, (6) a side substrate provided with a penetrating portion through which the processing liquid driving means penetrates, and detachable from the apparatus main body, and (7) detachable from the side substrate, and in the processing liquid driving means. A processing liquid circuit that holds the corresponding processing liquid and distributes the processing liquid is provided.

  Thereby, it can be set as the hemodialyzer by which the liquid circuit was constructed | assembled only by expand | deploying from the state which accommodated the liquid circuit, and attaching to an apparatus main body. Furthermore, since each substrate and the liquid circuit can be separated and discarded even after completion, the running cost of the hemodialysis apparatus can be reduced.

  Further, since the liquid circuit can be reconstructed by removing the liquid circuit from the substrate and performing the bubble removal process and then attaching it to the substrate again, the bubble removal process can be easily performed.

The front substrate preferably holds the liquid circuit on a single plane.
As a result, the flow state in the liquid circuit can be easily confirmed, and the bubble removal process and the subsequent restoration work can be easily performed.

  In order to achieve the above object, a liquid circuit according to the present invention is a liquid circuit body applied to a hemodialysis apparatus main body that extracts blood from the body and processes the blood circuit. A liquid circuit including a filtrate circuit to circulate, a replacement fluid circuit to circulate a replacement fluid, and a detachable attachment to the front of the hemodialyzer main body, and the blood circuit to be visible in a state compatible with the hemodialysis main body. A rigid front substrate to be held, and a rigid side substrate that is detachably attached to a side surface of the hemodialyzer main body and holds the filtrate circuit and the replacement fluid circuit in a state of being fitted to the hemodialyzer main body. It is characterized by that.

  The effect by this is the same as the above.

  According to the present invention, the generated bubbles can be easily processed, and a complicated circuit can be easily and reliably constructed, and can be stored compactly, and can be easily used from the stored state. it can.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a dialysis apparatus according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in the figure, the dialysis apparatus according to the present embodiment is an apparatus for performing artificial blood dialysis, and includes a liquid circuit body 100 and a dialysis apparatus main body 200 including a driving means for circulating a liquid in the liquid circuit. And.

FIG. 2 is a front view illustrating a developed state of the liquid circuit body 100.
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the liquid circuit body 100 is unfolded from the stored state while holding the liquid circuit in an arrangement suitable for the dialysis apparatus body 200, and is attached to the dialysis apparatus body 200 as it is. It includes a front substrate 110, a side substrate 120, a storage substrate 140, and a liquid circuit. Further, the front substrate 110, the side substrate 120, and the storage substrate 140 included in the liquid circuit body 100 are connected by a liquid circuit.

  The front substrate 110 is a substrate that is disposed in front of the dialyzer main body 200 when the liquid circuit body 100 is attached to the dialyzer main body 200, and holds the blood circuit 131 that is particularly important for visual confirmation during dialysis. The circuit holding unit 101 that holds the liquid circuit including the blood circuit 131 is integrally provided. In addition, the front substrate 110 has a notch-shaped through-hole 102 through which a pump device 201 that circulates blood can be inserted, and a pickup that is a state acquisition means provided in the dialyzer main body 200 as shown in FIG. (Not shown) through which the penetrating portion 102 penetrates.

  In the circuit holding unit 101, a blood tube 133 that circulates blood with a patient, a filtrate tube 133 that circulates dialysate necessary for dialysis of blood, and a water replenisher that adds moisture deficient by dialysis to the blood circulates. This is a member for holding the tube 133 such as the replacement fluid tube 133 and is provided integrally with the substrate. The circuit holding unit 101 also functions as a detection unit holding unit that holds a pressure detector 134 described later.

  The circuit holding unit 101 that holds the tube 133 holds the flexible tube 133 as a passage for blood and other liquids, so that the pressure of the liquid flowing through the tube 133 is not lost. The tube 133 is clamped using the elasticity of 133 and the elasticity of the circuit holding part 101 itself. Further, the circuit holding unit 101 needs to maintain the circuit state held in advance when the liquid circuit body 100 is attached to the dialyzer main body 200, and when the liquid circuit body 100 is discarded, the circuit holding unit 101 can In order to be able to remove the circuit, it is detachable and prevents unintentional omission.

  Specifically, a circuit holding unit 101 as illustrated in cross section in FIG. 4 can be exemplified. That is, the circuit holding portion 101 includes a V-shaped holding portion 104 whose width is gradually narrowed toward the substrate, and the tube 133 is held by pressing the tube 133 into the holding portion 104. It is something that can be done. Furthermore, a bulging portion 103 bulging in a partial columnar shape is provided in the opposite direction inward at the tip of the sandwiching portion 104, and the tube 133 is unintentionally dropped from the circuit holding portion 101 by the bulging portion 103. Is preventing.

  When attaching the tube 133 to the circuit holding unit 101, the side wall of the tube 133 is pressed against the end of the circuit holding unit 101, and the tube 133 is squashed so that it passes over the bulging portion 103 and the circuit holding unit. 101. Conversely, if the tube 133 held between the circuit holding portions 101 is pulled strongly toward the tip, the tube 133 can be taken out beyond the bulging portion 103.

  The side substrate 120 is a substrate disposed on the side surface of the dialyzer main body 200 when the liquid circuit body 100 is attached to the dialyzer main body 200, and includes the circuit holding unit 101 integrally as in the front substrate 110. Yes. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the front substrate 110 is also provided with a penetrating portion 102 through which a pump device 201 serving as a driving unit and a pickup serving as a state obtaining unit pass. The side substrate 120 holds the filtrate circuit 137 and the replacement fluid circuit 138.

  The through portion 102 provided in the front substrate 110 and the side substrate 120 has a pump device 201 and a pressure measurement pickup when the front substrate 110 and the side substrate 120 holding the liquid circuit are mounted on the dialyzer body 200. It is the part that is inserted. Accordingly, the penetrating portion 102 accurately corresponds to the position of the pump device 201 and the pickup provided in the dialyzer main body 200.

  The liquid circuit is a collective term including the blood circuit 131, the filtrate circuit 137, and the replacement fluid circuit 138, and is deformed according to the pressure of the liquid flowing in the tube 133 and the tube 133 through which the blood, dialysate, and replacement fluid flow. The pressure detector 134 is provided with a diaphragm, a chamber 135 for removing bubbles in the tube 133, a dialyzer 136 made of a hollow fiber for filtering blood, and the like. The treatment liquid circuit is a generic name including the filtrate circuit 137 and the replacement liquid circuit 138.

  The dialyzer 136 is held in a dialyzer folder 129 provided in the dialyzer main body 200. The dialyzer folder 129 may be provided on the front substrate 110.

  Here, the blood circuit 131 is a circuit that filters blood derived from the patient by the dialyzer 136 and returns the filtered blood to the patient again. In the case of the present embodiment, a pressure detector 134 that measures the pressure of blood circulating in the blood circuit 131 is disposed before and after the dialyzer 136. Further, a chamber 135 for removing bubbles in the blood is interposed in the middle of the tube 133 for returning blood to the patient. The pump device 201 causes the blood to flow through the blood circuit 131. That is, blood is always circulated by continuously pumping the tube 133 in the middle of the blood circuit 131 in one direction.

  In the present embodiment, the blood circuit 131 between the dialyzer main body 200 and the patient is simply a tube 133 or the like through which blood is circulated.

  The filtrate circuit 137 is a circuit that allows dialysate to pass through the dialyzer 136 and discharges the substance filtered from the blood together with the dialysate, and has a pressure detector 134 interposed therebetween. Further, the dialysate is forcibly distributed by the pump device 201 as in the blood circuit 131.

  The replacement fluid circuit 138 is a circuit that replenishes moisture lost to blood by filtration in order to keep the blood moisture level constant before and after filtration, and is a circuit that introduces a predetermined amount of moisture into the blood circuit by the pump device 201 and the like. .

In the case of the present embodiment, the dialysate and the replenisher are the same liquid.
The tube 133 is a flexible and flexible tube 133 and is made of silicon rubber or the like. Moreover, it is substantially transparent so that it can be visually confirmed whether or not the state of the liquid flowing inside, for example, bubbles are included.

  In the pressure detector 134, a diaphragm that deforms in response to the pressure of the flowing liquid is attached to an opening of a bottomed cylindrical casing. In addition, in order to interpose the liquid circuit, two tube 133 connection portions serving as liquid inlets and outlets are provided in the housing. The pressure detector 134 is attached to the front substrate 110 and the side substrate 120 so that the diaphragm faces the through portion 102 of the substrate.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the storage board 140.
As shown in the figure, the storage substrate 140 is a winding formed by an outer annular portion 141 with a part cut away, and a circular inner projection 142 arranged concentrically with the outer annular portion 141. A holding part is provided, and the patient-side circuit 132 is wound around and stored between the outer annular part 141 and the inner protrusion 142.

  Furthermore, two holding grooves 143 for holding and fixing components attached to the end of the patient side circuit 132 are provided on the surface of the inner protrusion 142. By fixing the end of the patient-side circuit 132 in the holding groove 143, the end of the liquid circuit, which is one of the places where attention should be paid to contamination, can be easily confirmed. Hygienic removal of the circuit 132 can be facilitated.

  The front substrate 110, the side substrate 120, and the storage substrate 140 according to the present embodiment are formed of a resin selected from polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, and the like. As the molding method, any molding method such as injection molding can be adopted. Moreover, in order to improve the strength of the front substrate 110 and the side substrate 120, ribs or the like may be provided at arbitrary locations.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a storage state of the liquid circuit body 100.
As shown in the figure, the liquid circuit body 100 is stored in the storage packing tool 210 with the substrates stacked in a state where the liquid circuit is held on the front substrate 110, the side substrate 120, and the storage substrate 140. When the substrates are stacked, the tube 133 functions like a hinge due to the flexibility of the tube 133 disposed over the two substrates, and the front substrate 110, the side substrate 120, and the storage substrate 140 are folded in a Z-shape. As a result, the substrates are stacked. Further, the liquid circuit stored in the storage packaging tool 210 is maintained in a sterilized state, and can be stored for a long time.

Next, a usage mode of the liquid circuit body 100 according to the present embodiment will be described.
First, the front substrate 110, the side substrate 120, and the storage substrate 140 in a state where the liquid circuit is held are taken out from the storage packaging tool 210. Then, the front substrate 110 and the side substrate 120 are attached to the dialyzer main body 200.

  Specifically, the front substrate 110 and the side substrate 120 are each provided with four attachment holes 105 for attachment to the dialyzer body 200. As shown in FIG. 8, a mushroom-shaped attachment protrusion 203 is provided on the dialysis device main body 200 side at a position corresponding to the dialysis device main body 200 with a locking portion protruding from the tip. Then, when attaching the front substrate 110 or the side substrate 120 to the dialyzer main body 200, the front substrate 110 or the side substrate 120 is accurately positioned with respect to the dialyzer main body 200 by forcibly inserting the attachment protrusions 203 into the attachment holes 105. It becomes possible to attach it.

  Next, the tube 133 extending from each substrate is wound around the pump device 201 protruding from the through portion 102. At this stage, each substrate holds the tube 133 so as to correspond to the rotation direction of the pump device 201, and holds the tube 133 so that it cannot be attached even if it is installed in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the pump device 201. is doing. Accordingly, the liquid circuit is not erroneously attached to the apparatus main body.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the pickup 204 provided in the apparatus main body and the diaphragm 139 of the pressure detector 134 need to be accurately aligned. In the present embodiment, the front substrate 110 and the side substrate 120 are used. Is attached to the dialyzer main body 200, the positioning is completed.

  Finally, the patient-side circuit 132 stored in a state of being wound between the outer annular portion 141 and the inner protrusion 142 of the storage substrate 140 is taken out, and the end of the patient-side circuit 132 held in the holding groove 143 is removed. The preparation for dialysis is completed by connecting to the patient.

  Next, when the dialysis treatment is completed, the liquid circuit body 100 is removed from the dialyzer main body 200, and the liquid circuit is removed from each substrate in order to separate and discard each substrate and the liquid circuit.

  If it is the liquid circuit body 100 of the above structures, it can be set as the state folded compactly at the time of storage. Therefore, it is possible to stock many liquid circuit bodies 100 in a small storage space.

  Further, when attaching to the dialyzer main body 200, the liquid circuit is stored in an already constructed state, and the liquid circuit body 100 can be attached to the dialyzer main body 200 while maintaining the liquid circuit. The patient can start dialysis.

  In addition, since the liquid circuit is detachable from each substrate, it is possible to perform delicate circuit adjustment.

  Further, during dialysis, blood circuits 131 that need to be monitored most are concentrated on the front surface and arranged on the front substrate 110, and further arranged on one plane without crossing, so the dialysis state is monitored at a glance. And it becomes possible to find defects.

  Further, since the pressure sensor is an air non-contact type pressure sensor interposed in the middle of the blood circuit 131, it is possible to remove bubbles without moving the circuit non-fixed part in the priming operation.

  In addition, when disposing after dialysis, each stage plate and liquid circuit can be separated, so that medical waste and normal waste can be separated, and the volume of medical waste is reduced to a disposal cost. Can be reduced.

  Furthermore, since the structure of each substrate is simple and inexpensive members can be employed, it is possible to contribute to cost reduction.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. Although the dialysis liquid circuit has been described as an example, the liquid circuit may be a circuit for artificial heart-lung, a circuit for infusion / transfusion, or the like.

  Further, the type and position of the liquid circuit described in the drawings, the arrangement of each substrate, and the like vary depending on the dialysis apparatus to be applied, and these variations are also included in the present invention.

  The present invention can be applied to a hemodialysis apparatus and the liquid circuit body 100 used therefor, and in particular to a hemodialysis apparatus including the disposable liquid circuit body 100.

It is a perspective view which shows the dialysis apparatus concerning this embodiment. It is a front view which shows the state which the liquid circuit body developed. It is a front view which shows a front substrate. It is sectional drawing which illustrates a circuit holding part. It is a front view which shows a side substrate. It is a perspective view which shows the storage board | substrate in which the patient side circuit was accommodated. It is a perspective view which shows the storage state of a liquid circuit body. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the attachment part of a board | substrate and a dialysis apparatus main body. It is sectional drawing which shows the action state of a pick-up and a pressure detector.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Liquid circuit body 101 Circuit holding | maintenance part 102 Penetration part 103 Expansion part 104 Clamping part 105 Attachment hole 110 Front board 120 Side board 130 Liquid circuit 131 Blood circuit 132 Patient side circuit 133 Tube 134 Pressure detector 135 Chamber 137 Filtration circuit 138 Supplementary liquid Circuit 139 Diaphragm 140 Storage substrate 141 Outer annular portion 142 Inner protrusion 143 Holding groove 200 Dialyzer main body 201 Pump device 203 Mounting protrusion 204 Pickup 210 Storage packing tool

Claims (9)

A hemodialysis machine for extracting and processing blood outside the body,
A blood driving means for circulating blood is provided on the front surface, and a processing liquid driving means for circulating processing liquid is provided on the side of the apparatus different from the front surface,
The following (1) to (5) are arranged on the front surface.
That is,
(1) A front substrate provided with a penetrating portion through which the blood driving means passes, and detachable from the apparatus body
(2) A blood circuit that is detachably attached to the front substrate and that corresponds to the blood driving means and distributes blood.
(3) detection means for detecting the pressure of blood in the blood circuit;
(4) a detection means holding portion provided on the front substrate for holding the detection means;
(5) A dialyzer folder holding a dialyzer that filters and purifies blood.
The following (6) and (7) are arranged on the side surface.
That is,
(6) A side substrate that is a separate body from the front substrate, includes a penetrating portion through which the processing liquid driving means passes, and is detachable from the apparatus main body.
(7) A processing liquid circuit that is detachably attached to the side surface substrate and that circulates the processing liquid that is held so as to correspond to the processing liquid driving means.
A hemodialysis apparatus comprising the above. further,
The following (8) is arranged on the other side surface of the apparatus main body.
That is,
(8) a storage substrate for detachably holding the extended blood circuit connecting the hemodialysis apparatus and the person to be dialyzed;
The hemodialysis apparatus according to claim 1, comprising the above. The detection means is a pressure detection means interposed in the blood circuit and provided with a diaphragm.
The hemodialysis apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a pickup for acquiring displacement of the diaphragm in the apparatus main body.   The hemodialysis apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the front substrate holds the liquid circuit on a single plane. A liquid circuit body applied to a hemodialyzer main body for extracting and processing blood outside the body,
A liquid circuit including a blood circuit for circulating blood, a filtrate circuit for circulating filtrate, and a replacement fluid circuit for circulating replacement fluid;
A rigid front substrate that is detachably attached to the front surface of the hemodialyzer body, and holds the blood circuit in a state that fits the hemodialyzer body in a visible manner;
A rigid side substrate that is detachably attached to a side surface of the hemodialyzer body, and that holds the filtrate circuit and the replacement fluid circuit in a state that fits the hemodialyzer body;
A liquid circuit body comprising: further,
A detecting means arranged in the blood circuit for detecting the pressure of blood by displacement of a diaphragm;
The liquid circuit body according to claim 5, wherein the front substrate includes a penetrating portion for acquiring the displacement of the diaphragm.   The liquid circuit according to claim 5, wherein the front substrate includes a penetrating portion through which blood driving means for circulating blood is inserted. further,
The liquid circuit body according to claim 5, further comprising a storage substrate that holds a long liquid circuit connected to the human body. further,
9. The storage packaging device according to claim 5, further comprising: a storage packaging device that stores the side substrate holding the treatment liquid circuit and the front substrate holding the blood circuit while maintaining a sterilized state. A liquid circuit body according to the item.

Images