JP4426662B2 - Stereo microscope - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is a stereomicroscope that can display various different image information such as a microscope image and a monitor image in an observation field of view, and is particularly suitable when a surgical operation support apparatus such as a navigation system is used in combination. The present invention relates to a surgical microscope.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Stereo microscopes such as surgical microscopes have been used for surgical operations such as neurosurgery, otolaryngology, ophthalmology, etc., and have an important role such as improving the efficiency of surgery by observing the operation area. Plays.
Furthermore, in recent years, in order to perform surgery with less invasiveness, surgical microscopes have taken medical images such as CT and MRI around the surgical site before surgery, and integrated these images with a computer to process the tumor site. It is used in combination with a surgical operation support device for confirming the position and range, so-called navigation system.
By linking this navigation system and a surgical microscope, information such as how large and how large a tumor is at a certain millimeter and a distance from the position observed by the surgeon can be provided as a computer image.
Furthermore, at present, a technology has been developed that can display the range of a tumor directly on an optical observation image of a surgical microscope.
[0003]
As a technique for superimposing and displaying such a surgical microscope image and image information other than the surgical microscope, one disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-215971 is known.
FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a configuration of a surgical microscope disclosed in this publication. The surgical microscope 1 shown here is provided with an optical path dividing means 2, and the optical path dividing means 2 divides the observation optical path 3 and the optical path to the photographing optical system 4. Further, the surgical microscope 1 includes an optical path synthesizing unit 5 that superimposes the optical path 7 from the image display unit 6 and the observation optical path 3 and guides them to the binocular optical system 8.
Therefore, by using this surgical microscope 1, the operator can observe the microscope image and the image displayed on the image display means 6 in an overlapping manner. For example, while observing the microscope image, Information useful for surgery such as the reach to the tumor can be obtained directly from the microscope image.
[0004]
However, this surgical microscope 1 is provided with the optical path synthesis means 5 for superimposing the observation optical path 3 of the microscope image and the optical path 7 from the image display means 6 in the observation optical path 3 of the microscope image. There is a drawback that the brightness of the microscope image is lowered.
Further, in the surgical microscope 1, when it is possible to superimpose images with both eyes of the observer, the light beams emitted from the optical path synthesis unit 5, the image display unit 6, and the image display unit 6 are converted into the optical path synthesis unit. One pair of optical systems to be incident on the optical system 5 must be arranged, which leads to an increase in size and weight of the surgical microscope body. Furthermore, in this case, since the optical path combining means 5 is arranged so as to be stacked on the microscope observation optical path, the distance from the observed object to the observer's eye point becomes long.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In a surgical microscope, in order to improve workability, not only ensuring a sufficiently bright microscope image, but also a smaller and lighter surgical microscope body, from the object to be observed to the observer's eyepoint It is an indispensable condition to make the distance as close as possible to the state without using a surgical microscope.
However, these essential conditions cannot be obtained from the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-215971.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to be displayed on a microscope image and a monitor by a viewer with both eyes, or with a TV photographing device or a photographing device. The image can be observed and captured with the image information, and the brightness of the microscope image is reduced, the microscope body is enlarged, the distance from the observed object to the observer's eye point An object of the present invention is to provide a stereomicroscope that is excellent in workability without an increase in the amount of movement.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following features.
[0009]
  The stereomicroscope of the present invention isStandingBody viewIn a stereomicroscope with an optical system, the light beam from an object is received.The luminous fluxIs an afocal light beam and receives the light beam from the objective optical system.Sudden changeDoubleI doA monocular optical system composed of one variable magnification optical system, and at least one binocular tube optical system that receives a light beam from the monocular optical system and guides it to the left and right eyes of an observer to form a pair of observation images. Comprising one optical path synthesis means in the monocular optical system,TheA light beam emitted from an image displayed on one image display unit arranged in the vicinity of the stereoscopic observation optical system is incident on one optical path synthesis unit via an image projection optical system, and the image display is performed on the observation optical path. The light beam from the means is separated, and at least one pair of image display means separate from the binocular tube optical system, the image display means, and the image projection optical system in the housing of the binocular tube optical system And an image projection optical system.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  FIG. 1 illustrates the present invention.Reference exampleIt is sectional drawing which follows the optical axis which shows schematic structure of the stereoscopic microscope concerning.
  The stereomicroscope includes an objective lens 11 that receives a light beam from the object to be observed 10 and converts the light beam to an afocal light beam, and a variable power lens 12 that receives the light beam from the objective lens 11 and changes the magnification thereof. It is composed. Further, the image display means 13, the image projection optical system 14 that receives the light beam from the image display means 13 and converts it into an afocal light beam, and the observation optical path 15 that passes through the image projection optical system 14 through the variable magnification lens 12. And a binocular tube optical system 18 for guiding the light beam guided to the observation optical path 15 to both eyes of the observer 17. In the stereomicroscope configured in this way, when an image useful for surgery is displayed on the image display means 13, this image information is guided to the observation optical path 15 via the image projection optical system 14 and the optical path synthesis means 16. Thus, the observer 17 can observe the microscope image of the object to be observed 10 and the image including information useful for the surgery displayed on the image display unit 13 in a superimposed state.
[0012]
The stereomicroscope shown in FIG. 1 does not need to arrange a pair of optical path dividing means, an image projection optical system, and an image display means in the left and right observation light paths as in the prior art, and has only one image display means 13 and one image display means. The light beam from the image projection optical system 14 can be divided into the left and right observation optical paths 15 of the binocular tube optical system 18 by the image projection optical system 14 and the single optical path synthesis means 16. Therefore, the microscope body can be reduced in size and weight, and an increase in the distance from the observed object 10 to the eye point of the observer 17 can be avoided, so that the stereoscopic microscope can provide excellent workability.
In addition, it is good to display the image information especially by a navigation system, and the image useful for another operation on the image display means 13.
[0013]
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the stereomicroscope shown in FIG. 1 further includes an optical path dividing unit 19 in the observation optical path 15 that has passed through the optical path synthesizing unit 16, and the observation optical path divided by the optical path dividing unit 19 If another binocular tube optical system 20 is arranged in an optical path different from 15, two people can observe simultaneously.
Furthermore, by increasing the binocular tube optical system in the same manner, it is possible to simultaneously guide images obtained by superimposing image information other than the microscope image on the microscope images to both eyes of a plurality of observers.
[0014]
  Figure 3 shows theClearlyIt is sectional drawing which follows the optical axis which shows schematic structure of this stereomicroscope.
  In this stereomicroscope, instead of the binocular tube optical system 18 of the stereomicroscope shown in FIG. 1, a binocular tube housing 21 is arranged in an observation light path 15 that has passed through an optical path synthesizing means 16.
  The binocular tube housing 21 includes a pair of binocular tube optical systems including a pair of image display means 22, a pair of image projection optical systems 23, a prism 24, an imaging lens 25a, and an eyepiece lens 25b. 25. The image display means 22 and the image projection optical system 23 have different roles from the image display means 13 and the image projection optical system 14. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the image displayed on the image display means 22 is projected by the image projection optical system 23 and formed in the vicinity 27 of the microscope image 26 via the prism 24. At this time, the prism 24 is disposed so as to block a part of the light beam of the microscope image 26 formed by the imaging lens 25a of the binocular tube optical system 25. Therefore, the image of the vicinity 27 in the observation visual field is only the image of the image display means 22, and the microscope image 26 is not seen through the image of the image display means 22. As a result, the observer can clearly observe both images through the eyepiece 25b of the binocular tube optical system 25.
  The image displayed on the image display unit 13 by the image projection optical system 14 and the optical path synthesis unit 16 arranged outside the binocular tube housing 21 can be inserted into the microscope image 26. In this case, the image display unit 13 The image displayed above appears to overlap the microscope image 26.
[0015]
  With such a configuration, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, a precise and high-amount of information image 28 that spoils each other when superposed on a microscope image is not an image display unit 13 but an image display unit 22. By displaying on the top, it can be displayed at a position in the vicinity 27 of the microscope image 26 separately from the microscope image 26. On the other hand, an image 29 such as markings and symbols shown in FIG. 5 that has a small amount of information and does not spoil each other even when displayed in an overlapping manner is displayed on the image display means 13, thereby being displayed in the microscope image 26. The captured image can be observed while being overlapped with the image of the observed object 10. in this way,The present inventionIn the stereomicroscope according to the present invention, many images useful for the observer can be provided to the observer together with the microscope image without degrading the image quality in accordance with the properties of the image.
[0016]
  FIG. 6 illustrates the present invention.Other reference examplesIt is sectional drawing which follows the optical axis which shows schematic structure of the stereoscopic microscope concerning. This stereomicroscope includes an objective lens 11 that receives a light beam from the object to be observed 10 and converts it into an afocal light beam, and a variable magnification lens 12 that receives the light beam from the objective lens 11 and changes the magnification thereof. Further, the image display means 13, the image projection optical system 14 that receives the light beam from the image display means 13 and converts it into an afocal light beam, and the observation optical path 15 that passes through the image projection optical system 14 through the variable magnification lens 12. And a binocular tube optical system 18 for guiding the light beam guided to the observation optical path 15 to both eyes of the observer 17. In addition, a photographing optical system 32 and a photographing element 33 are disposed in the photographing optical path 30. The optical path synthesizing unit 31 also has a function of guiding the light beam guided to the observation optical path 15 through the variable magnification lens 12 to the photographing optical path 30.
[0017]
In the stereomicroscope shown here, when an image such as a tumor range marking is displayed on the image display means 13, the light beam from the image display means 13 is divided into the observation optical path 15 by the image projection optical system 14 and the optical path synthesis means 31. Therefore, the observer 17 can observe the microscope image of the object to be observed 10 and the image displayed on the image display means 13 in a superimposed state.
Furthermore, since the light beam from the image display means 13 is also divided into the photographing optical path 30, it is possible to photograph an image obtained by superimposing the microscope image of the observed object 10 and the image displayed on the image display means 13.
[0018]
The stereomicroscope shown in FIG. 6 does not need to arrange a pair of optical path dividing means, an image projection optical system, and an image display means in the left and right observation optical paths as in the prior art, and leads from the observation optical path to the photographing optical path. Therefore, there is no need to arrange two optical path dividing means for dividing the light flux for the purpose and two optical path synthesizing means for dividing the light flux from the image projection optical system into the observation optical path. That is, the stereomicroscope shown in FIG. 6 splits the light beam from the image projection optical system 14 into the left and right observation optical paths of the binocular tube optical system 18 and introduces the light beam from the observation optical path 15 into the photographing optical path 30. This is realized by one image display means 13, one image projection optical system 14, and one optical path synthesis means 31.
Therefore, the microscope body can be reduced in size and weight, an increase in the distance from the observed object 10 to the eye point of the observer 17 can be avoided, and a stereomicroscope with excellent workability can be obtained. In addition, a decrease in the brightness of the microscope image can be prevented.
[0019]
Further, in this stereomicroscope, image information obtained by the navigation system and other images useful for surgery may be displayed on the image display means 13. Further, similarly to the one shown in FIG. 2, an optical path dividing means is further arranged in the observation optical path 15 that has passed through the optical path synthesizing means 31, and another one in the optical path divided from the observation optical path 15 by this optical path dividing means. If two binocular tube optical systems are arranged, two people can observe at the same time.
[0020]
  Also,ThisIn the stereomicroscope, the optical path synthesizing means 16 and 31 may be disposed between the objective lens 11 and the variable magnification lens 12 which are configured as a monocular optical system. With this configuration, the magnification and reduction of the observation image by the variable magnification lens 12 is performed not only on the microscope image but also on the image information displayed on the image display unit 13. Thus, after confirming the magnification of the variable magnification lens 12, it is not necessary to calculate and display again according to this magnification, and a stereo microscope with a simpler configuration can be provided.
[0021]
  Also,ThisThe stereomicroscope has a pair of image display means and a light flux from the image display means in the vicinity of the stereoscopic observation optical system (binocular tube optical system 18) separately from the image display means 13 and the image projection optical system 14. A pair of image projection optical systems and a pair of image reflection members which receive the light into an afocal beam, and these image display means, the image projection optical system and the image reflection member are built in a housing. And this unit may be configured to be detachable from the stereomicroscope body.
  With this configuration, when it is inappropriate to superimpose and observe the microscope image of the object to be observed 10 and the image displayed on the image display means 13, not the image display means 13 but the image display means in the unit. By displaying the image on the screen, the microscope image of the object to be observed 10 and the image displayed on the image display means in the unit can be observed independently..
[0022]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on the illustrated embodiments. The following examples all show examples of surgical microscopes.
[0023]
First reference example
  Figure 7 shows the bookReference exampleIt is the schematic which shows the structure of the optical system of the surgical microscope concerning.
  BookReference exampleThe surgical microscope includes an objective lens 34, a variable power lens 35, a beam splitter 36, a relay lens 37 composed of a front group 37a and a rear group 37b, and a plurality of reflecting members such as mirrors and prisms interposed therebetween. And a binocular tube optical system 39 having a binocular optical system for the right eye and the left eye. In addition, bookReference exampleThe surgical microscope includes a small LCD 40, and the image projection optical system 41 converts the light beam from the LCD 40 into an afocal light beam, which is guided to the beam splitter 36.
[0024]
  Book configured as aboveReference exampleIn this surgical microscope, the light beam emitted from the object to be observed 10 passes through a monocular optical system including an objective lens 34, a variable magnification lens 35, a beam splitter 36, and a relay lens 37, and is guided to a deflection angle roof prism 38. This declination roof prism 38 has a function of declining a light beam passing through itself and forming an inverted image. Therefore, by guiding the light beam from the observed object 10 to the binocular tube optical system 39 through the declination roof prism 38, the light beam to be incident on the right eye of the observer should be incident on the right eye and the left eye. The light beam can be incident on the left eye, and an upright three-dimensional image of the observed object 10 can be supplied to the observer.
  At the same time, the light beam emitted from the LCD 40 is also guided to the re-beam splitter 36 by the image projection optical system 41 and introduced into the optical path through which the light beam from the observed object 10 is guided. Therefore, the observer can observe the image information displayed on the LCD 40 and the microscope image of the object 10 to be observed in a superimposed state.
[0025]
  Then bookReference exampleFIG. 8 shows an example in the case of using the surgical microscope together with the navigation system.
[0026]
  First, bookReference exampleA light source 44 is connected to the surgical microscope 42 via a light guide 43. The surgical microscope 42 is connected to the camera control unit 46 via a cable 45. Further, the camera control unit 46 is connected to a camera unit 48 via a cable 47, and an endoscope main body 49 is connected to the tip of the camera unit 48. A light source 51 is connected to the endoscope main body 49 via a light guide 50.
[0027]
Further, the navigation system 52 used together with the surgical microscope 42 includes a camera array 53 and a computer 54 connected thereto. The camera array 53 arranges two cameras in the same plane so that their photographing directions intersect at different angles. In addition, the surgical microscope 42 and the endoscope main body 49 are provided with marks for position detection through the camera array 53. Then, the images of the marks taken by the two cameras of the camera array 53 are processed to detect the three-dimensional positions of the surgical microscope 42 and the endoscope main body 49 (that is, the three-dimensional positions of the parts to be observed). It is like that.
On the other hand, software for executing navigation is incorporated in the computer 54. For example, a CT image or an MRI image is displayed in advance, or three-dimensional information of an object to be observed created based on these images and a camera array 53 are used. The detected position information is compared to provide the observer with various information necessary for the operation such as information on the current operation position and the state of the body that cannot be seen with the eyes.
[0028]
As shown here, when the surgical microscope 42 and the navigation system 52 are used in combination, if the image information created by the navigation system 52 is displayed on the LCD 40 shown in FIG. An image as shown in FIG. 9B can be simultaneously observed with both eyes by superimposing the image information created by the system 52. Here, FIG. 9A shows a cross section of the tumor shown in FIG. 9B, and shows a case where the tumor has spread under another tissue A different from the tumor. Usually, only the surface state is known by observation with a microscope, and it is difficult to recognize the entire image of such a tumor. However, if the navigation system is used, various information can be obtained as shown in FIG. FIG. 9B shows an image 55 obtained by the surgical microscope 42, a tumor 56 that is exposed on the surface of the image obtained by the surgical microscope 42, and a substantially unexposed portion of the tumor created by the navigation system 52. The state of the image information 57 representing a large size and numerical data is shown.
[0029]
  Like thisReference exampleBy using the surgical microscope 42 and the navigation system 52 in combination, the observer can obtain useful information for the surgery while viewing the image obtained by the surgical microscope 42, and greatly improve the efficiency of the surgery. Can do. That is, the navigation system 52 is a so-called surgery support function for providing information useful for surgery to an observer.
[0030]
  Moreover, the bookReference exampleIn this surgical microscope, an image guided to both eyes of the observer can be formed by mounting one beam splitter 36, one LCD 40, and one image projection optical system 41, so that the size and weight of the surgical microscope body can be increased. Therefore, it is possible to provide a surgical microscope that is suitable for use in combination with a navigation system that provides good workability.
[0031]
  BookReference exampleIn the above, an example in which an image created by the navigation system 52 is displayed on the LCD 40 is shown, but numerical data effective for a menstrual monitor or surgery may be displayed and superimposed on a microscope image.
  Also bookReference exampleIn this embodiment, the LCD 40 is used as the image display means, but an image display means such as a CRT or a plasma display may be used instead.
[0032]
Second reference example
  Figure 10 shows the bookReference exampleIt is the schematic which shows the structure of the optical system of the surgical microscope concerning.
  BookReference exampleThe surgical microscope includes an objective lens 34, a zoom lens 35, a beam splitter 58, a relay lens 37 including a front group 37a and a rear group 37b, and a plurality of reflecting members such as a mirror and a prism interposed therebetween. And a binocular tube optical system 39 having a binocular optical system for the right eye and the left eye. In addition, bookReference exampleThe surgical microscope includes a small LCD 40, and the image projection optical system 41 converts the light beam from the LCD 40 into an afocal light beam and guides it to the beam splitter 58. In addition, the imaging optical system 59 and the CCD 60 are provided, and a microscope image of the object to be observed 10 and an image displayed on the LCD 40 can be taken.
[0033]
  Book configured as aboveReference exampleIn this surgical microscope, the light beam emitted from the object to be observed 10 passes through a monocular optical system including the objective lens 34, the variable magnification lens 35, the beam splitter 58, and the relay lens 37, and is guided to the deflection angle roof prism 38. This declination roof prism 38 has a function of declining a light beam passing through itself and forming an inverted image. Therefore, by guiding the light beam from the observed object 10 to the binocular tube optical system 39 through the declination roof prism 37, the light beam to be incident on the right eye of the observer should be incident on the right eye and the left eye. The light beam can be incident on the left eye, and an upright three-dimensional image of the observed object 10 can be supplied to the observer.
  At the same time, the light beam emitted from the LCD 40 is also guided to the beam splitter 58 by the image projection optical system 41 and introduced into the optical path through which the light beam from the observed object 10 is guided. Therefore, the observer can observe the image information displayed on the LCD 40 and the microscope image of the object 10 to be observed in a superimposed state. In addition, bookReference exampleIn this surgical microscope, the microscope image of the object to be observed 10 and the display image on the LCD 40 are also guided to the CCD 60 by the beam splitter 58 via the photographing optical system 59 and photographed.
[0034]
  BookReference exampleIn the surgical microscope of FIG. 8, as shown in FIG.Reference exampleAs in the case of the surgical microscope shown in FIG. 4, if the image information created by the navigation system 52 is displayed on the LCD 40, the observer can observe the microscope image and the image information created by the navigation system 52 simultaneously with both eyes. Is possible. That is, as described based on FIG. 9B, the image 55 obtained by the surgical microscope, the tumor 56 exposed on the surface by the image obtained by the surgical microscope, and the tumor created by the navigation system 52 are exposed. The substantial size of the missing portion and its numerical data 57 can be observed.
[0035]
  Book like thisReference exampleIn this surgical microscope, by using the navigation system in combination, the observer can obtain information useful for the surgery while looking at the microscope image, and the efficiency of the surgery can be greatly improved.
  Also bookReference exampleIn this surgical microscope, since the superimposed observation image can be taken with the CCD 60, the observation image can be recorded with a VTR or the like.
[0036]
  Moreover, the bookReference exampleIn this surgical microscope, these functions can be realized by installing each of the beam splitter 58, the LCD 40, the image projection optical system 41, the photographing optical system 58, and the CCD 60 one by one. It is possible to provide a surgical microscope suitable for use in combination with a navigation system that can avoid an increase in size and weight of a microscope body and provide good workability.
[0037]
  BookReference exampleIn the above example, the image generated by the navigation system 52 is displayed on the LCD 40. However, it is also possible to display numerical data effective for a nerve monitor or surgery and superimpose it on the microscope image.
  Also bookReference exampleIn this embodiment, the LCD 40 is used as the image display means, but an image display means such as a CRT or a plasma display may be used instead.
[0038]
Third reference example
  Figure 11 shows the bookReference exampleIt is the schematic which shows the structure of the optical system of the surgical microscope concerning.
  BookReference exampleThe surgical microscope includes an objective lens 34, a beam splitter 61, a variable power lens 35, a relay lens 37 including a front group 37a and a rear group 37b, and a plurality of reflecting members such as a mirror and a prism interposed therebetween. And a binocular tube optical system 39 having a binocular optical system for the right eye and the left eye. In addition, bookReference exampleThe surgical microscope includes a small LCD 40, and the image projection optical system 41 converts the light beam from the LCD 40 into an afocal light beam, which is guided to the beam splitter 61.
[0039]
  Book configured as aboveReference exampleIn this surgical microscope, the light beam emitted from the object to be observed 10 is passed through a monocular optical system including an objective lens 34, a beam splitter 60, a variable power lens 35, and a relay lens 37, and finally binocular tube optics. The light beam is guided to the system 39, and the object 10 to be observed stands up to the observer.Body viewProvides an image.
  At the same time, the light beam emitted from the LCD 40 is also guided to the beam splitter 61 by the image projection optical system 41, and is guided to the binocular tube optical system 39 via the variable power lens 35 and the relay lens 37, and is superimposed on the microscope image of the object 10 to be observed. In this state, it is observed as a stereoscopic image.
[0040]
  Also bookReference exampleIn the surgical microscope of FIG. 8, as shown in FIG.Reference exampleAs in the case of the surgical microscope shown in FIG. 4, if the image information created by the navigation system 52 is displayed on the LCD 40, the observer can observe the microscope image and the image information created by the navigation system 52 simultaneously with both eyes. Is possible. That is, as described based on FIG. 9B, the image 55 obtained by the surgical microscope, the tumor 56 exposed on the surface by the image obtained by the surgical microscope, and the tumor created by the navigation system 52 are exposed. The substantial size of the missing portion and its numerical data 57 can be observed.
[0041]
  Book like thisReference exampleIn this surgical microscope, by using the navigation system in combination, the observer can obtain information useful for the surgery while looking at the microscope image, and the efficiency of the surgery can be greatly improved.
  Moreover, the bookReference exampleIn this surgical microscope, these functions can be realized by mounting the beam splitter 61, the LCD 40, and the image projection optical system 41 one by one, so that the brightness of the microscope image is reduced and the size of the microscope body is large. Therefore, it is possible to provide a surgical microscope that is suitable for use in combination with a navigation system that can improve workability and weight.
[0042]
  Also bookReference exampleIn the stereomicroscope, the beam splitter 61 is disposed between the objective lens 34 and the zoom lens 35, so that the observation image can be enlarged or reduced by the zoom lens 35 as well as the microscope image and the navigation displayed on the LCD 40. The same applies to the image information created by the system 52. Accordingly, it is possible to eliminate the process of confirming the magnification of the variable magnification lens 35 on the marking displayed on the LCD 40, and calculating and redisplaying the magnification according to the magnification, and detecting the magnification change by the variable magnification lens 35. Since it is not necessary to arrange the detection device in the surgical microscope body, further enlargement of the body can be prevented.
[0043]
  BookReference exampleIn the above example, the image generated by the navigation system 52 is displayed on the LCD 40. However, it is also possible to display numerical data effective for a nerve monitor or surgery and superimpose it on the microscope image.
  Also bookReference exampleIn this surgical microscope, the LCD 40 is used as the image display means, but an image display means such as a CRT or a plasma display may be used instead.
[0044]
First embodiment
  FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the surgical microscope according to the present embodiment, and shows the schematic configuration of the entire microscope.
  The surgical microscope according to the present embodiment includes a mirror body housing 62 and an image system housing 63. The image system housing 63 includes an LCD 64 for displaying an image, an image projection optical system 65, and a mirror 66 for guiding the light emitted from the LCD 64 to the image projection optical system 65.
  The image projection optical system 65 causes the light beam from the LCD 64 to enter the beam splitter (not shown), which is a part of the surgical microscope optical system disposed in the body housing 62, as an afocal light beam, and enters the microscope image on the LCD 64. The displayed images are superimposed. The image system housing 63 including the LCD 64, the image projection optical system 65, and the mirror 66 is configured to be detachable from the mirror body housing 62.
  According to the surgical microscope of the present embodiment having the above-described configuration, a normal microscope observation is provided to an observer who does not need to superimpose observation images using a conventional surgical microscope main body. be able to.
[0045]
Second embodiment
  FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of the optical system of the surgical microscope according to the present example. The surgical microscope of this example isSecond reference exampleThe surgical microscope shown in FIG. 6 is provided with a binocular tube housing 67 instead of the binocular tube optical system 39.
[0046]
14A is an external view of the binocular tube housing 67, and FIG. 14B is a cross-sectional view along the optical axis showing the internal configuration of the binocular tube housing 67.
The binocular tube housing 67 includes a pair of binocular tube optical systems 70 including a pair of LCDs 68, a pair of image projection optical systems 69, an imaging lens 70a, and an eyepiece lens 70a. Reflective members such as mirrors and prisms arranged in
[0047]
Here, in the surgical microscope of this embodiment, the LCD 68 and the image projection optical system 69 have different roles from the LCD 40 and the image projection optical system 41 shown in FIG. That is, an image displayed on the LCD 68 is projected by the image projection optical system 69 in the vicinity so as not to overlap with the microscope image formed by the imaging lens 70a of the binocular tube optical system 70 and imaged. (It is the same as the structure shown in FIG. 4). Thereby, the observer can observe both images through the eyepiece 70b of the binocular tube optical system 70.
The image displayed on the LCD 40 by the image projection optical system 41 and the beam splitter 58 disposed outside the binocular tube housing 67 is inserted in the microscope image, and the image displayed on the LCD 40 is the microscope image. It seems to overlap.
At this time, if the navigation system 52 shown in FIG. 8 is used in combination, an image created by the navigation system 52 can be displayed on the LCD 40, and this image can be displayed superimposed on the microscope image. .
[0048]
With this configuration, as shown in FIG. 15, an image 71 using a large amount of precise and information-rich CT / MR images that spoil each other when displayed superimposed on a microscope image appears to overlap the microscope image. In addition, the images 71 created by the navigation system 52 that have a small amount of information such as markings and symbols and do not spoil each other can be adjusted so that they overlap with the microscope image.
As described above, in the surgical microscope according to the present embodiment, various images useful for the observer can be provided to the observer together with the microscopic image according to the properties of the image.
[0049]
Fourth reference example
  Figure 16 shows the bookReference exampleIt is the schematic which shows the structure of the optical system of the surgical microscope concerning.
  BookReference exampleThe surgical microscope includes an objective lens 34, a zoom lens 35, a liquid crystal mirror 73, a relay lens 37 including a front group 37a and a rear group 37b, and a plurality of reflecting members such as a mirror and a prism interposed therebetween. And a binocular tube optical system 39 having a binocular optical system for the right eye and the left eye. The liquid crystal mirror 73 can change the reflectance and transmittance of light when a voltage is applied, and this is made possible by a power supply device 74 disposed in the vicinity of the liquid crystal mirror 73.
  In addition, bookReference exampleThe surgical microscope includes a small LCD 40, and the image projection optical system 41 converts the light flux from the LCD 40 into an afocal light flux and guides it to the liquid crystal mirror 73.
[0050]
  Book configured as aboveReference exampleIn this surgical microscope, the light beam emitted from the object to be observed 10 passes through a monocular optical system including the objective lens 34, the variable magnification lens 35, the liquid crystal mirror 73, and the relay lens 37, and is guided to the deflection roof prism 38. This declination roof prism 38 has a function of declining a light beam passing through itself and forming an inverted image. Therefore, by guiding the light beam from the observed object 10 to the binocular tube optical system 39 through the declination roof prism 38, the light beam to be incident on the right eye of the observer should be incident on the right eye and the left eye. The light beam can be incident on the left eye, and an upright three-dimensional image of the observed object 10 can be supplied to the observer.
  At the same time, the light beam emitted from the LCD 40 is guided to the liquid crystal mirror 73 by the image projection optical system 41 and introduced into the optical path through which the light beam from the observed object 10 is guided. Therefore, the observer can observe the image information displayed on the LCD 40 and the microscope image of the object 10 to be observed in a superimposed state.
[0051]
  Also bookReference exampleThe surgical microscope of FIG. 5 can also be used in combination with the navigation system 52 as shown in FIG. In this case, by displaying the image information created by the navigation system 52 on the LCD 40, the observer can simultaneously observe the microscope image of the observed object 10 and the image information created by the navigation system 52 in a superimposed state. (See FIG. 9).
[0052]
  Book like thisReference exampleIn this surgical microscope, by using the navigation system in combination, the observer can obtain information useful for the surgery while looking at the microscope image, and the efficiency of the surgery can be greatly improved.
  Moreover, the bookReference exampleIn these surgical microscopes, these functions can be realized by mounting each of the liquid crystal mirror 73, the LCD 40, and the image projection optical system 41 one by one, so that the weight of the surgical microscope body can be prevented from being increased. A surgical microscope suitable for use with a navigation system that provides good workability can be provided.
[0053]
  In addition, bookReference exampleThe observer can arbitrarily change the voltage applied to the liquid crystal mirror 73, and the observer can arbitrarily change the reflectance and transmittance of light in the liquid crystal mirror 73 to be displayed so as to overlap the microscope image. The shade of image information can be arbitrarily changed.
  BookReference exampleThe liquid crystal mirror 73 used in the surgical microscope is described in the document “Hikmet & Kemperman Nature vol 392 pp476 2 April 1998”.
[0054]
  Also bookReference exampleIn this example, an image created by the navigation system 52 is displayed as an image to be displayed on the LCD 40. However, even if a menstrual monitor or numerical data useful for an operation is displayed and superimposed on a microscope image, the efficiency of the operation is improved. be able to.
  Also bookReference exampleThe LCD 40 is used as the image display means, but a CRT, a plasma display, or the like can be used instead.
[0058]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, an image obtained by superimposing a microscope image and image information displayed on a monitor can be observed and picked up, and the brightness of the microscope image is reduced or the size of the microscope body is increased. It is possible to provide a stereomicroscope having excellent workability without increasing the weight, increasing the distance from the object to be observed to the eye point of the observer, and the like.
[Brief description of the drawings]
[Figure 1]Reference example of the present inventionIt is sectional drawing which follows the optical axis which shows schematic structure of the stereoscopic microscope concerning.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing another example of the stereomicroscope shown in FIG. 1;
[Fig. 3]The present inventionIt is sectional drawing which follows the optical axis which shows schematic structure of the stereoscopic microscope concerning.
4 is a view for explaining an internal configuration of a binocular tube housing 21 of the stereomicroscope shown in FIG. 3; FIG.
5 is a diagram showing an observation image obtained by the stereomicroscope shown in FIG. 3. FIG.
[Fig. 6]Other reference examples of the present inventionIt is sectional drawing which follows the optical axis which shows schematic structure of the stereoscopic microscope concerning.
[Fig. 7]First reference exampleIt is the schematic which shows the structure of the optical system of the surgical microscope concerning.
[Fig. 8]First reference exampleIt is a figure which shows an example in the case of using together the operation microscope of this with a navigation system.
FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view of a tumor. (B) is a figure which shows the observation image obtained by the system shown in FIG.
FIG. 10Second reference exampleIt is the schematic which shows the structure of the optical system of the surgical microscope concerning.
FIG. 11Third reference exampleIt is the schematic which shows the structure of the optical system of the surgical microscope concerning.
FIG.First embodimentIt is the schematic which shows the structure of the surgical microscope concerning.
FIG. 13Second embodimentIt is the schematic which shows the structure of the optical system of the surgical microscope concerning.
FIG. 14A is an external view of the binocular tube housing 67 shown in FIG. FIG. 14B is a cross-sectional view along the optical axis showing the internal configuration of the binocular tube housing 67 shown in FIG.
FIG. 15Second embodimentIt is a figure which shows the observation image obtained with no stereo microscope.
FIG. 16Fourth reference exampleIt is the schematic which shows the structure of the optical system of the surgical microscope concerning.
FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a conventional stereomicroscope.
[Explanation of symbols]
1,42 Surgical microscope
2,19 Optical path dividing means
3,15 Observation optical path
4,30 Shooting optical path
5, 16, 31 Optical path synthesis means
6, 13, 22 Image display means
7 Light path
8 Binocular optics
10 Object to be observed
11, 34 Objective lens
12, 35 zoom lens
14, 23, 41, 65, 69 Image projection optical system
17 Observer
18, 20, 25, 39, 70 Binocular tube optical system
21, 67 Binocular tube housing
24 prism
25a, 70a Imaging lens
25b, 70b eyepiece
26 Microscopic image
27 Near the microscope image 26
28, 29, 71, 72 images
32,59 Photography optical system
33 Image sensor
36, 58, 61 Beam splitter
37 Relay lens
37a front group
37b Rear group
38 Deflection prism
40, 64, 68 LCD
43, 50 Light guide
44, 51 Light source
45, 47 cable
46 Camera control unit
48 Camera unit
49 Endoscope body
52 Navigation system
53 Camera Array
54 Computer
55 Image from surgical microscope 42
56 Tumor that appears exposed on the surface with an image taken by the surgical microscope 42
57 Image information representing the substantial size and numerical data of the unexposed portion of the tumor created by the navigation system 52
60 CCD
62 Mirror body housing
63 Image system housing
66 Mirror
73 Liquid crystal mirror
74 Power supply

Claims (1)

In a stereomicroscope having a stereoscopic observation optical system,
A monocular optical system including a single objective optical system that receives a light beam from an object and converts the light beam into an afocal light beam, and a variable magnification optical system that receives the light beam from the objective optical system and performs zooming; And at least one binocular tube optical system for receiving a light beam from the system and guiding it to the left and right eyes of the observer to form a pair of observation images,
One optical path synthesis unit is arranged in the monocular optical system, and a light beam emitted from an image displayed on one image display unit arranged in the vicinity of the stereoscopic observation optical system is emitted to the one optical path synthesis unit. Injecting through an image projection optical system, so as to separate the light beam from the image display means into the observation optical path,
In the binocular tube optical system housing, at least one pair of image display means and image projection optical system separate from the binocular tube optical system, the image display means, and the image projection optical system are arranged. Stereo microscope to do.

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