JP4405602B2 - Histone deacetylase inhibitor - Google Patents

Histone deacetylase inhibitor Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4405602B2
JP4405602B2 JP10674298A JP10674298A JP4405602B2 JP 4405602 B2 JP4405602 B2 JP 4405602B2 JP 10674298 A JP10674298 A JP 10674298A JP 10674298 A JP10674298 A JP 10674298A JP 4405602 B2 JP4405602 B2 JP 4405602B2
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formula
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JPH11302173A (en
Inventor
鈴木  常司
知行 安藤
土屋  克敏
理 中西
明子 齋藤
俊 山下
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Bayer Pharma AG
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Bayer Schering Pharma AG
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はヒストン脱アセチル化酵素阻害作用を持つベンズアミド誘導体に関する。さらに詳しくは、ヒストン脱アセチル化酵素阻害作用に基づく、制癌剤およびその他の医薬品への利用に関する。
【0002】
【従来技術】
細胞の核内でDNAはヒストンと複合体を形成し、高次に折り畳まれたクロマチン構造をとり不活性な状態に保たれている(Knezeticら、Cell、45:95−104、1986など)。核内で遺伝子の転写が行われるためには、その構造をほどけた状態に導き、様々な転写因子がDNAと接触できるようにすることが必要である(Felsenfeldら、Cell、86:13−19、1996)。古くよりヒストンのアセチル化と転写の活性化の関係は報告されていたが、転写活性化に繋がる構造変化を引き起こす作用の1つが、ヒストンのアセチル化であることが明らかになった(Hongら、J.Biol.Chem.、268:305−314、1993など)。また、そのアセチル化をコントロールしているのがヒストンアセチル化酵素(histone acetyltransferase)とヒストン脱アセチル化酵素(histone deacetylase;HDA)であり、近年その重要性が認識されている(A.Csordas、Biochem.J.、265:23、1990など)。古くから細胞周期の停止や分化の誘導が確認されていた酪酸ナトリウムは代表的なHDA阻害剤であり(L.S.Cousensら、J.Biol.Chem.、254:1716、1979など)、臨床的な利用も試みられた(Novogrodskyら、Cancer、51:9−14、1983およびMillerら、Eur.J.Cancer Clin.Oncl.、23:1283−1287、1987)。しかし、基本的な阻害活性が低く生体内での持続性も短いため、効果を示すには高い投与量が必要であった。そこで、酪酸のプロドラッグで持続性の向上がはかられている(Zi−Xingら、Cancer Res.、54:3494−3499、1994およびKasukabeら、British J.Cancer、75(6):850−854、1997など)。
【0003】
また、天然物のトリコスタチンA(TSA)が細胞周期の停止(吉田ら、Exp.Cell Res.、177:122−131、1988)、増殖停止、分化の誘導(吉田ら、Cancer Res.、47:3688−3691、1987)、細胞形態変化、アポートーシスの誘導を導くことが見いだされた。そのメカニズムとしてTSAがin vitroでの高活性なHDA阻害剤であることが確認された(吉田ら、J.Biol.Chem.、265:17174、1990)。
【0004】
また、その他のHDA阻害剤の研究が続けられ、トラポキシン(Itazakiら、J.Antibiot.、43(12):1524−1534、1990など)、フェニル酪酸(Carducciら、Clin.Cancer Res.、(2):379、1996など)などにも阻害作用が見いだされている。それらのHDA阻害剤は、細胞周期の停止や分化誘導作用を持つことから、第一に制癌剤への応用が期待されている。また、HDA阻害剤は、その他に様々な薬剤への応用が期待されている。
【0005】
すなわち細胞の増殖に関わる疾患の治療・改善薬として、例えば自己免疫疾患、皮膚病、感染症(Darkin−Rattrayら、Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,93:13143−13147、1996)などの治療・改善薬、さらには遺伝子治療におけるベクター導入の効率化(Dionら、Virology、231:201−209、1997)、導入遺伝子の発現亢進(Chenら、Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,94:5798−5803、1997)など様々な応用が試みられている。しかし、これまでの阻害剤は安定性、毒性、薬物動態や活性強度など考慮すると医薬品として十分に満足できるレベルには達したものはない。そこでそれらの問題点を解決した薬剤の開発が強く望まれている。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の課題は、これまでのHDA阻害剤の問題点を改善した、細胞の増殖に関わる疾患の治療および/または改善剤や遺伝子治療の効果増強薬などの医薬品として有用な化合物を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は上記課題を解決すべく鋭意検討した結果、既に分化誘導作用を有することを報告しているベンズアミド誘導体(特願平09−260277)が、強いHDA阻害作用を持つことを確認し、本発明を完成させた。
【0008】
すなわち本発明は、
[1] 式(1)[化8]
【0009】
【化8】

Figure 0004405602
[式中、Aは置換されていてもよいピリジン環または縮合ピリジン環(置換基として、ハロゲン原子、水酸基、アミノ基、ニトロ基、シアノ基、炭素数1〜4のアルキル基、炭素数1〜4のアルコキシ基、炭素数1〜4のアミノアルキル基、炭素数1〜4のアルキルアミノ基、炭素数1〜4のアシル基、炭素数1〜4のアシルアミノ基、炭素数1〜4のアルキルチオ基、炭素数1〜4のパーフルオロアルキル基、炭素数1〜4のパーフルオロアルキルオキシ基、カルボキシル基、炭素数1〜4のアルコキシカルボニル基からなる群より選ばれた基を1〜4個有する)を表す。
Xは直接結合または式(2)[化9]
【0010】
【化9】
Figure 0004405602
{式中、eは1〜4の整数を表す。gおよびmはそれぞれ独立して0〜4の整数を表す。R4は水素原子、置換されていてもよい炭素数1〜4のアルキル基または式(3)[化10]
【0011】
【化10】
Figure 0004405602
(式中、R6は置換されていてもよい炭素数1〜4のアルキル基、炭素数1〜4のパーフルオロアルキル基、フェニル基またはピリジン環を表す)で表されるアシル基を表す。R5は水素原子または置換されていてもよい炭素数1〜4のアルキル基を表す}で示される構造のいずれかを表す。nは1〜4の整数を表す。
【0012】
Qは式(4)[化11]
【0013】
【化11】
Figure 0004405602
(式中、R7およびR8はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子または置換されていてもよい炭素数1〜4のアルキル基を表す)で示される構造のいずれかを表す。
【0014】
R1およびR2はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、水酸基、アミノ基、炭素数1〜4のアルキル基、炭素数1〜4のアルコキシ基、炭素数1〜4のアミノアルキル基、炭素数1〜4のアルキルアミノ基、炭素数1〜4のアシル基、炭素数1〜4のアシルアミノ基、炭素数1〜4のアルキルチオ基、炭素数1〜4のパーフルオロアルキル基、炭素数1〜4のパーフルオロアルキルオキシ基、カルボキシル基または炭素数1〜4のアルコキシカルボニル基を表す。
【0015】
R3は、アミノ基または水酸基を表す。]で示されるベンズアミド誘導体またはその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分とするヒストン脱アセチル化酵素阻害剤であり、また、
[2] 式(5)[化12]
【0016】
【化12】
Figure 0004405602
で示されるベンズアミド誘導体またはその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分とするヒストン脱アセチル化酵素阻害剤であり、また、
[3] 式(6)[化13]
【0017】
【化13】
Figure 0004405602
で示されるベンズアミド誘導体またはその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分とするヒストンデアセチラーゼ阻害剤であり、また、
[4] 式(7)[化14]
【0018】
【化14】
Figure 0004405602
で示されるベンズアミド誘導体またはその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分とするヒストン脱アセチル化酵素阻害剤であり、また、
[5] [1]〜[4]のいずれかに記載のうち、少なくとも1つを有効成分として含有する制癌剤であり、また、
[6] [1]〜[4]のいずれかに記載のうち、少なくとも1つを有効成分として含有する皮膚病の治療および/または改善剤であり、また、
[7] [1]〜[4]のいずれかに記載のうち、少なくとも1つを有効成分として含有する感染症の治療および/または改善剤であり、また、
[8] [1]〜[4]のいずれかに記載のうち、少なくとも1つを有効成分として含有するアレルギー性疾患の治療および/または改善剤であり、また、
[9] [1]〜[4]のいずれかに記載のうち、少なくとも1つを有効成分として含有する自己免疫性疾患の治療および/または改善剤であり、また、
[10] [1]〜[4]のいずれかに記載のうち、少なくとも1つを有効成分として含有する遺伝子治療効果増強剤であり、また、
[11] [1]〜[4]のいずれかに記載のうち、少なくとも1つを有効成分として含有する血管性疾患の治療および/または改善剤であり、また、
[12] [1]〜[4]のいずれかに記載のうち、少なくとも1つを有効成分として含有する医薬品である。
【0019】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明でいう炭素数1〜4とは、単位置換基あたりの炭素数を表す。すなわち、例えばジアルキル置換の場合は、炭素数2〜8を意味する。
【0020】
式(1)で示される化合物における縮合ピリジン環とは、キノリン、イソキノリン、ナフチリジン、フロピリジン、チエノピリジン、ピロロピリジン、オキサゾロピリジン、イミダゾロピリジン、チアゾロピリジンなどの2環式縮合ピリジン環などを挙げることができる。
ハロゲン原子とは、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子を挙げることができる。
【0021】
炭素数1〜4のアルキル基とは、例えばメチル基、エチル基、n−プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n−ブチル基、イソブチル基、sec−ブチル基、tert−ブチル基などを挙げることができる。
炭素数1〜4のアルコキシ基とは、例えばメトキシ基、エトキシ基、n−プロポキシ基、イソプロポキシ基、アリルオキシ基、n−ブトキシ基、イソブトキシ基、sec−ブトキシ基、tert−ブトキシ基などを挙げることができる。
炭素数1〜4のアミノアルキル基とは、例えばアミノメチル基、1−アミノエチル基、2−アミノプロピル基などを挙げることができる。
【0022】
炭素数1〜4のアルキルアミノ基とは、例えばN−メチルアミノ基、N,N−ジメチルアミノ基、N,N−ジエチルアミノ基、N−メチル−N−エチルアミノ基、N,N−ジイソプロピルアミノ基などを挙げることができる。
炭素数1〜4のアシル基とは、例えばアセチル基、プロパノイル基、ブタノイル基を挙げることができる。
【0023】
炭素数1〜4のアシルアミノ基とは、例えばアセチルアミノ基、プロパノイルアミノ基、ブタノイルアミノ基などを挙げることができる。
【0024】
炭素数1〜4のアルキルチオ基とは、メチルチオ基、エチルチオ基、プロピルチオ基などを挙げることができる。
炭素数1〜4のパーフルオロアルキル基とは、例えばトリフルオロメチル基、ペンタフルオロエチル基などを挙げることができる。
【0025】
炭素数1〜4のパーフルオロアルキルオキシ基とは、例えばトリフルオロメトキシ基、ペンタフルオロエトキシ基などを挙げることができる。
炭素数1〜4のアルコキシカルボニル基とは、例えばメトキシカルボニル基、エトキシカルボニル基などを挙げることができる。
【0026】
置換されていてもよい炭素数1〜4のアルキル基とは、例えばメチル基、エチル基、n−プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n−ブチル基、イソブチル基、sec−ブチル基、tert−ブチル基などやこれに置換基として、ハロゲン原子、水酸基、アミノ基、ニトロ基、シアノ基、、フェニル基、ピリジン環からなる群より選ばれた基を1〜4個有するものを挙げることができる。
薬理学的に許容される化合物の塩とは、この分野で常用される塩酸、臭化水素酸、硫酸、燐酸などの無機酸や、酢酸、乳酸、酒石酸、リンゴ酸、コハク酸、フマル酸、マレイン酸、クエン酸、安息香酸、トリフルオロ酢酸、p−トルエンスルホン酸、メタンスルホン酸などの有機酸との塩を挙げることができる。
【0027】
医薬品とは制癌剤の他、皮膚病、感染症、アレルギー性疾患、自己免疫性疾患、血管性疾患などの治療および/または改善薬または遺伝子治療効果増強剤を表す。
式(1)で表される化合物において不斉炭素を有する場合は、異なった立体異性形態またはラセミ形態を含む立体異性形態の混合物の形態で存在することができる。すなわち、本発明はこのように規定した種々の形態をも包含するが、これらも同様に有効成分化合物として用いることができる。
【0028】
以下、本発明の式(1)で示される代表的化合物を表−1[表1−表14]に例示する。なお、本発明はこれらの例に限定されるものではない。
【0029】
【表1】
Figure 0004405602
【0030】
【表2】
Figure 0004405602
【0031】
【表3】
Figure 0004405602
【0032】
【表4】
Figure 0004405602
【0033】
【表5】
Figure 0004405602
【0034】
【表6】
Figure 0004405602
【0035】
【表7】
Figure 0004405602
【0036】
【表8】
Figure 0004405602
【0037】
【表9】
Figure 0004405602
【0038】
【表10】
Figure 0004405602
【0039】
【表11】
Figure 0004405602
【0040】
【表12】
Figure 0004405602
【0041】
【表13】
Figure 0004405602
【0042】
【表14】
Figure 0004405602
本発明の式(1)で示される化合物またはその薬理学的に許容される塩の製造は、特願平09−260277に記載の方法によって行うことができるが、例えば下記のような方法により製造することができる。
(a) 式(8)[化15]
【0043】
【化15】
Figure 0004405602
[式中、AおよびXは前記と同義。R9は−C(=G)OH(Gは、酸素原子または硫黄原子を表す)または−NH2を表す。]で示される化合物と式(9)[化16]
【0044】
【化16】
Figure 0004405602
[式中、R1、R2およびnは前記と同義。R10はR9が−C(=G)OH(Gは前記と同義)のときは−NH2を表し、R9が−NH2のときは−C(=G)OH(Gは前記と同義)を表す。R11はtert−ブトキシカルボニル基などの通常のペプチド形成反応に用いられる保護基で保護されたアミノ基またはベンジル基などの通常のペプチド形成反応に用いられる保護基で保護された水酸基を表す。]で示される化合物を縮合反応に付すか、
(b) 式(10)[化17]
【0045】
【化17】
Figure 0004405602
(式中、AおよびXは前記と同義。R12は−OHまたは−NH2を表す。)で示される化合物と式(11)[化18]
【0046】
【化18】
Figure 0004405602
(式中、R1、R2、R11およびnは前記と同義。R13は−OHまたは−NH2を表す。)で示される化合物を、N,N’−カルボニルジイミダゾール、N,N’−チオカルボニルジイミダゾール、ホスゲンまたはチオホスゲンなどを用いて縮合反応に付して得られる式(12)[化19]
【0047】
【化19】
Figure 0004405602
(式中、A、X、Q、n、R1、R2およびR11は前記と同義。)で示される化合物の保護基を除去することにより本発明の化合物を得ることができる。
(c) 式(8)で示される化合物と式(13)[化20]
【0048】
【化20】
Figure 0004405602
(式中、R1、R10およびnは前記と同義。R14は、メチル基、エチル基またはtert−ブチル基を表す。)で示される化合物を縮合反応に付すか、
(d) 式(10)で示される化合物と式(14)[化21]
【0049】
【化21】
Figure 0004405602
(式中、R1、R13、R14およびnは前記と同義。)で示される化合物を、N,N’−カルボニルジイミダゾール、N,N’−チオカルボニルジイミダゾール、ホスゲンまたはチオホスゲンなどを用いて縮合反応に付して得られる式(15)[化22]
【0050】
【化22】
Figure 0004405602
(式中、A、X、Q、n、R1およびR14は前記と同義。)で示される化合物を加水分解して得られる式(16)[化23]
【0051】
【化23】
Figure 0004405602
(式中、A、X、Q、nおよびR1は前記と同義。)で示される化合物を式(17)[化24]
【0052】
【化24】
Figure 0004405602
(式中、R2およびR11は前記と同義。)で示される化合物と縮合反応に付して得られる式(12)で示される化合物の保護基を除去することによっても本発明の化合物を得ることができる。
(e) 式(16)で示される化合物と式(18)[化25]
【0053】
【化25】
Figure 0004405602
(式中、R2およびR3は前記と同義。)で示される化合物を縮合反応に付すことによっても本発明の化合物を得ることができる。
【0054】
代表的な中間体の合成について述べる。
式(8)で示される化合物は、式(19)[化26]
【0055】
【化26】
Figure 0004405602
(式中、R1、R10およびnは前記と同義。)で示される安息香酸誘導体に適当な保護基を導入した後、式(17)で示される化合物と縮合反応に付し、さらに脱保護を行うことにより得ることができる。
【0056】
式(11)で示される化合物は、式(20)[化27]
【0057】
【化27】
Figure 0004405602
(式中、R1、R13およびnは前記と同義。)で示される安息香酸誘導体に適当な保護基を導入した後、式(17)で示される化合物と縮合反応に付し、さらに脱保護を行うことにより得ることができる。式(17)で示される化合物は、式(18)で示される化合物に保護基を導入することにより得ることができる。
【0058】
次に反応について述べる。
(a)の縮合反応は、通常のペプチドにおけるアミド結合形成反応、例えば活性エステルまたは混合酸無水物または酸塩化物の方法によって実施することができる。例えば、カルボン酸成分[式(8)においてR9が−C(=G)OH(Gは前記と同義。)で示される化合物または式(9)においてR10が−C(=G)OH(Gは前記と同義)で示される化合物]と2、4、5−トリクロロフェノール、ペンタクロロフェノールもしくは4−ニトロフェノールなどのフェノール類、またはN−ヒドロキシスクシイミド、N−ヒドキシベンズトリアゾールなどのN−ヒドロキシ化合物を、ジシクロヘキシルカルボジイミドの存在下に縮合させ、活性エステル体に変換した後、アミン成分[式(8)においてR9が−NH2で示される化合物または式(9)においてR10が−NH2で示される化合物]と縮合させることによって行うことができる。
【0059】
また、カルボン酸成分[式(8)においてR9が−C(=G)OH(Gは前記と同義)で示される化合物または式(9)においてR10が−C(=G)OH(Gは前記と同義)で示される化合物]を塩化オキザリル、塩化チオニル、オキシ塩化リンなどと反応させ、酸塩化物に変換した後、アミン成分[式(14)においてR9が−NH2で示される化合物または式(9)においてR10が−NH2で示される化合物]と縮合させることによって行うことができる。
【0060】
また、カルボン酸成分[式(8)においてR9が−C(=G)OH(Gは前記と同義)で示される化合物または式(9)においてR10が−C(=G)OH(Gは前記と同義)で示される化合物]をクロロ炭酸イソブチルまたはメタンスルホニルクロライドなどと反応させることによって混合酸無水物を得た後、アミン成分[式(8)においてR9が−NH2で示される化合物または式(9)においてR10が−NH2で示される化合物]と縮合させることによって行うことができる。
【0061】
さらにまた、当該縮合反応は、ジシクロヘキシルカルボジイミド、N,N’−カルボニルジイミダゾール、ジフェニルリン酸アジド、ジエチルリン酸シアニド、2−クロロ−1,3−ジメチルイミダゾロニウムクロライドなどのペプチド縮合試薬を単独で用いて行うこともできる。
【0062】
反応は、通常−20〜+50℃で0.5〜48時間行う。用いられる溶媒としては例えば、ベンゼン、トルエンなどの芳香族炭化水素類、テトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサン、ジエチルエーテルなどのエーテル類、塩化メチレン、クロロホルムなどのハロゲン化炭化水素類、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミドの他、メタノール、エタノールなどのアルコール類またはこれらの混合物が挙げられる。必要により有機塩基例えば、トリエチルアミンまたはピリジンなどを加えて反応する。
【0063】
(b)の縮合反応は、式(10)または式(11)で示される化合物のどちらか一方をホスゲン、チオホスゲン、N,N’−カルボニルジイミダゾールやN,N’−チオカルボニルジイミダゾールなどを用いて活性化した後、もう一方の化合物と反応させることによって行うことができる。反応は、通常−20〜+50℃で0.5〜48時間反応行う。用いられる溶媒としては例えば、ベンゼン、トルエンなどの芳香族炭化水素類、テトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサン、ジエチルエーテルなどのエーテル類、塩化メチレン、クロロホルムなどのハロゲン化炭化水素類、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド、またはこれらの混合物が挙げられる。必要により有機塩基例えば、トリエチルアミンまたはピリジンなどを加えて反応を行う。
【0064】
(c)の縮合反応は、(a)の縮合反応と同様の方法により行うことができる。
【0065】
(d)の縮合反応は、(b)の縮合反応と同様の方法により行うことができる。
式(11)で示される化合物の保護基の除去は、通常のペプチド形成反応に用いられる条件で行われる。例えば、式(12)においてR11が、tert−ブトキシカルボニル基で保護されたアミノ基の場合は、塩酸またはトリフルオロ酢酸などの酸で処理することにより脱保護反応を行うことができる。
【0066】
式(1)で示される化合物の塩は、式(1)で示される化合物を製造する反応で得ることもできるが、薬学的に許容される酸と容易に塩を形成し得る。その酸としては、例えば塩酸、臭化水素酸、硫酸、燐酸などの無機酸や、酢酸、酒石酸、フマル酸、マレイン酸、クエン酸、安息香酸、トリフルオロ酢酸、p−トルエンスルホン酸などの有機酸を挙げることができる。これらの塩もまたフリー体の式(1)の化合物と同様に本発明の有効成分化合物として用いることができる。
【0067】
式(1)で示される化合物は、反応混合物から通常の分離手段、例えば抽出法、再結晶法、カラムクロマトグラフィーなどの方法により単離精製することができる。
【0068】
本発明のヒストン脱アセチル化酵素阻害作用を持つベンズアミド誘導体は、細胞の増殖に関わる疾患の治療および/または改善剤、遺伝子治療の効果増強薬または免疫抑制剤として有用である。
ここで細胞の増殖に関わる疾患とは、悪性腫瘍、自己免疫性疾患、皮膚病、感染症、血管性疾患、アレルギー性疾患、消化管傷害、ホルモン性疾患、糖尿病などが挙げられる。
【0069】
悪性腫瘍とは急性白血病、慢性白血病、悪性リンパ腫、多発性骨髄腫、マクログロブリン血症などの造血器腫瘍の他、大腸癌、脳腫瘍、頭頚部癌、乳癌、肺癌、食道癌、胃癌、肝癌、胆嚢癌、胆管癌、膵癌、膵島細胞癌、腎細胞癌、副腎皮質癌、膀胱癌、前立腺癌、睾丸腫瘍、卵巣癌、子宮癌、絨毛癌、甲状腺癌、悪性カルチノイド腫瘍、皮膚癌、悪性黒色腫、骨肉腫、軟部組織肉腫、神経芽細胞腫、ウィルムス腫瘍、網膜芽細胞腫などの固形腫瘍が挙げられる。
自己免疫性疾患とはリウマチ、腎炎、糖尿病、全身性エリテマトーデス、ヒト自己免疫性リンパ球増殖性リンパ節症、免疫芽細胞性リンパ節症、クローン病、潰瘍性大腸炎などが挙げられる。
皮膚病とは乾せん、アクネ、湿疹、アトピー性皮膚炎、寄生性皮膚疾患、脱毛症、化膿性皮膚疾患、皮膚硬化症などが挙げられる。
感染症とは、様々な細菌、ウィルスあるいは寄生虫などの感染によって引き起こされる疾患を意味する。
血管性疾患とは、動脈硬化症などが挙げられる。
遺伝子治療の効果増強とは、遺伝子ベクター導入の効率化、導入遺伝子の発現亢進などが挙げられる。
なお、本発明の対象疾患はこれらに限定されることはない。
【0070】
本発明の有効成分化合物は、医薬品として有用であり、これらは一般的な医療製剤の形態で用いられる。製剤は通常使用される充填剤、増量剤、結合剤、保湿剤、崩壊剤、界面活性剤、滑沢剤等の希釈剤あるいは賦形剤を用いて調製される。この医薬製剤としては各種の形態が治療目的に応じて選択でき、その代表的なものとして錠剤、丸剤、散剤、液剤、懸濁剤、乳剤、顆粒剤、カプセル剤、注射剤(液剤、懸濁剤等)および坐剤等が挙げられる。
【0071】
錠剤の形態に成形するに際しては、担体としてこの分野で従来よりよく知られている各種のものを広く使用することができる。その例としては、例えば乳糖、ブドウ糖、デンプン、炭酸カルシウム、カオリン、結晶セルロース、ケイ酸等の賦形剤、水、エタノール、プロピルアルコール、単シロップ、ブドウ糖液、デンプン液、ゼラチン溶液、カルボキシメチルセルロース、セラック、メチルセルロース、ポリビニルピロリドン等の結合剤、乾燥デンプン、アルギン酸ナトリウム、カンテン末、カルメロースカルシウム、デンプン、乳糖等の崩壊剤、白糖、カカオバター、水素添加油等の崩壊抑制剤、第4級アンモニウム塩基、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム等の吸収促進剤、グリセリン、デンプン等の保湿剤、デンプン、乳糖、カオリン、ベントナイト、コロイド状ケイ酸等の吸着剤、タルク、ステアリン酸塩、ポリエチレングリコール等の滑沢剤等を使用することができる。さらに錠剤については、必要に応じ通常の剤皮を施した錠剤、例えば糖衣錠、ゼラチン被包錠、腸溶性被包錠、フィルムコーティング錠あるいは二層錠、多層錠とすることができる。
【0072】
丸剤の形態に成形するに際しては、担体として従来この分野で公知のものを広く使用できる。その例としては、例えば結晶セルロース、乳糖、デンプン、硬化植物油、カオリン、タルク等の賦形剤、アラビアゴム末、トラガント末、ゼラチン等の結合剤、カルメロースカルシウム、カンテン等の崩壊剤等が挙げられる。
【0073】
カプセル剤は、常法に従い通常有効成分化合物を上記で例示した各種の担体と混合して、硬質ゼラチンカプセル、軟質カプセル等に充填して調製される。
【0074】
注射剤として調製する場合、液剤、乳剤および懸濁剤は殺菌され、かつ血液と等張であることが好ましく、これらの形態に成形するに際しては、希釈剤としてこの分野において慣用されているもの、例えば水、エタノール、マクロゴール、プロピレングリコール、エトキシ化イソステアリルアルコール、ポリオキシ化イソステアリルアルコール、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル類等を使用することができる。この場合等張性の溶液を調製するのに必要な量の食塩、ブドウ糖あるいはグリセリンを医薬製剤中に含有させてもよく、また通常の溶解補助剤、緩衝剤、無痛化剤等を添加してもよい。
【0075】
坐剤の形態に成形するに際しては、担体として従来公知のものを広く使用することができる。その例としては、例えば半合成グリセライド、カカオ脂、高級アルコール、高級アルコールのエステル類、ポリエチレングリコール等を挙げることができる。
【0076】
さらに必要に応じて着色剤、保存剤、香料、風味剤、甘味剤等や他の医薬品を医薬製剤中に含有させることもできる。
【0077】
本発明のこれらの医薬製剤中に含有されるべき有効成分化合物の量は、特に限定されずに広範囲から適宜選択されるが、通常製剤組成物中に約1〜70重量%、好ましくは約5〜50重量%とするのがよい。
【0078】
本発明のこれら医薬製剤の投与方法は特に制限はなく、各種製剤形態、患者の年齢、性別、疾患の程度およびその他の条件に応じた方法で投与される。例えば錠剤、丸剤、液剤、懸濁剤、乳剤、顆粒剤およびカプセル剤の場合には、経口投与され、注射剤の場合は、単独でまたはブドウ糖、アミノ酸等の通常の補液と混合して静脈内投与され、さらに必要に応じて単独で筋肉内、皮下もしくは腹腔内投与される。坐剤の場合は直腸内投与される。
【0079】
本発明のこれら医薬製剤の投与量は、用法、患者の年齢、性別、疾患の程度およびその他の条件により適宜選択されるが、通常有効成分化合物の量としては、体重1kg当り、一日約0.0001〜100mg程度とするのがよい。また投与単位形態の製剤中には有効成分化合物が約0.001〜1,000mgの範囲で含有されることが望ましい。
【0080】
本発明の式(1)で表される化合物およびその塩は、薬理学的に効果を示す投与量において毒性を示さない。
【0081】
【実施例】
以下に本発明を実施例で詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。
試験例1(ヒストン脱アセチル化酵素阻害作用)
(1)[3H]アセチルヒストンの調製
K562細胞(108個)を[3H]n−酪酸ナトリウムで標識し、吉田らの方法(J.Biol.Chem.、265:17174、1990)に従ってヒストンを抽出した。
(2)ヒストン脱アセチル化酵素の部分精製
K562細胞(2.5X108個)より採取した核を吉田らの方法(J.Biol.Chem.、265:17174、1990)により抽出し、その抽出液をMonoQ HR5/5(ファルマシア社)を用い、0−1MのNaClの濃度勾配によりヒストン脱アセチル化酵素の部分精製を行った。
(3)ヒストン脱アセチル化酵素阻害活性の測定
(1)で調製した[3H]アセチルヒストンを100μg/mlと(2)で調製したヒストン脱アセチル化酵素分画2μlを含む緩衝液A[組成:5mMリン酸カリウム(pH7.5)、5%グリセロール、13mM EDTA]50μl中で、10分間37℃にて反応をさせた。2.5規定塩酸を添加して反応を停止した後、酢酸エチル550μlを加え、ボルテックスおよび遠心を行い、酢酸エチル層400μlをシンチレーションバイアルに採取し、2mlのシンチレーターを加えて反応により遊離した[3H]酢酸の放射活性を測定した。ヒストン脱アセチル化酵素阻害活性の測定は、供試化合物をDMSOに溶解後、緩衝液Aで適宜希釈して反応系に添加して、50%の酵素阻害を惹起する薬物の濃度(IC50:μM)を求めた。
以下に、実験結果を、表−2[表15〜表17]に示した。
【0082】
【表15】
表−2 ヒストン脱アセチル化酵素阻害作用
─────────────────────
詳細な説明の 活性値
表−1中の化合物番号 (IC50:μM)
─────────────────────
1 2.01
4 9.13
5 4.20
8 4.23
9 7.01
11 18.50
12 6.89
13 0.87
14 3.22
15 3.72
16 2.88
17 2.66
18 2.43
19 1.94
20 5.11
22 2.46
─────────────────────
【0083】
【表16】
表−2 続き(1)
─────────────────────
詳細な説明の 活性値
表−1中の化合物番号 (IC50:μM)
─────────────────────
23 3.30
24 1.69
25 4.53
26 7.07
27 8.77
28 1.80
29 4.85
30 5.04
31 10.43
32 24.30
33 3.01
34 4.11
36 6.89
38 12.25
39 1.42
40 1.75
41 3.72
42 2.99
43 3.27
44 5.40
─────────────────────
【0084】
【表17】
表−2 続き(2)
─────────────────────
詳細な説明の 活性値
表−1中の化合物番号 (IC50:μM)
─────────────────────
45 3.90
46 4.17
47 2.50
48 2.30
50 4.86
51 2.12
52 3.86
53 2.52
54 1.22
55 2.63
57 2.22
58 3.48
59 1.00
60 1.92
61 3.14
62 3.17
63 4.76
64 0.53
65 4.36
66 3.59
67 2.20
酪酸ナトリウム 190
─────────────────────
【0085】
参考例1
N−(2−アミノフェニル)−4−[N−(ピリジン−3−イル)メトキシカルボニルアミノメチル]ベンズアミド(表−1:化合物番号14)の合成
(1−1) 4−アミノメチル安息香酸21g(140mmol)のジクロロメタン(450ml)懸濁液に、トリエチルアミン42ml(300mmol)を加えた。氷冷下、内温を3〜8℃に保ちながら無水トリフルオロ酢酸60g(287mmol)のジクロロメタン(50ml)溶液を滴下した後、3時間攪拌した。飽和重曹水中に反応液をあけた後、さらに10%塩酸水溶液で酸性にした。析出したゲル状沈澱物を、濾取、乾燥することにより、4−(N−トリフルオロアセチルアミノメチル)安息香酸30g(収率87%)を乳白色固体として得た。
1H NMR(270MHz, DMSO-d6)δppm: 4.47(2H,d,J=5.8Hz), 7.39(2H,d,J=8.1Hz), 7.93(2H,d,J=8.1Hz), 10.08(1H,t,J=5.8Hz), 12.95(1H,br.s).
【0086】
(1−2) o−フェニレンジアミン108g(1.0mol)のジオキサン(1000ml)溶液に1規定水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(500ml)を加え、氷冷下ジtert−ブトキシジカーボネート218g(1.1mol)のジオキサン(500ml)溶液を加えた。室温で6時間攪拌後、一晩放置した。溶媒を1/2容にまで濃縮した後、酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄後、乾燥、溶媒を留去して得た残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(クロロホルム)で精製し、得られた固体をエチルエーテルで洗浄することによりN−tert−ブトキシカルボニル−o−フェニレンジアミン68.4g(収率32%)を白色固体として得た。
1H NMR(270MHz, CDCl3)δppm: 1.51(9H,s), 3.75(2H,s), 6.26(1H,s), 6.77(1H,d,J=8.1Hz), 6.79(1H,dd,J=7.3,8.1Hz), 7.00(1H,dd,J=7.3,8.1Hz), 7.27(1H,d,J=8.1Hz).
【0087】
(1−3) 工程(1−1)で得られた化合物30g(121mmol)のジクロロメタン(200ml)懸濁液に、氷冷しながら(内温10〜15℃)オキザリルクロライド21g(165mmol)を徐々に滴下した。その際にときどき(およそ2ml滴下する毎に0.1ml)DMFを加えた。全量滴下後、発泡が止まるまで攪拌し、その後40℃で1時間攪拌した。溶媒を留去した後、トルエンで過剰のオキザリルクロライドを共沸し、再度ジクロロメタン(100ml)に溶解した。工程(1−2)で得られた化合物22g(110mmol)のジクロロメタン(100ml)−ピリジン(200ml)溶液に、先に調製した酸クロライド溶液を氷冷下(内温7〜9℃)滴下した。
滴下終了後、室温まで昇温させた後、一晩放置した。反応混合物に飽和重曹水を加えた後、クロロホルムで抽出し、飽和食塩水で洗浄後、乾燥、溶媒を留去した。得られた残渣にメタノール−ジイソプロピルエーテルを加え、析出した固体を濾取、乾燥することにより、N−[2−(N−tert−ブトキシカルボニル)アミノフェニル]−4−(N−トリフルオロアセチルアミノメチル)ベンズアミド28g(収率58%)を淡黄色固体として得た。
1H NMR(270MHz, DMSO-d6)δppm: 1.44(9H,s), 4.48(2H,d,J=5.9Hz), 7.12-7.23(2H,m), 7.44(2H,d,J=8.1Hz), 7.54(2H,d,J=8.1Hz), 7.94(2H,d,J=8.1Hz), 8.68(1H,br.s), 9.83(1H,s), 10.10(1H,br.t,J=5.9Hz).
【0088】
(1−4) 工程(1−3)の化合物13g(30mmol)のメタノール(120ml)−水(180ml)懸濁液に炭酸カリウム4.7g(34mmol)を加え、70℃で4時間加熱攪拌した。クロロホルムで抽出し、有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄後、乾燥、溶媒を留去し、乾燥することにより、4−アミノメチル−N−[2−(N−tert−ブトキシカルボニル)アミノフェニル]ベンズアミド10.3g(定量的)を淡黄色アモルファス状固体として得た。
1H NMR(270MHz, DMSO-d6)δppm: 3.80(2H,s), 7.13-7.23(2H,m), 7.48-7.58(4H,m), 7.90(2H,d,J=8.1Hz), 8.69(1H,br.s), 9.77(1H,br.s).
【0089】
(1−5) 3−ピリジンメタノール384mg(3.5mmol)を5mlの乾燥THFに溶解し、N,N’−カルボニルジイミダゾール523mg(3.2mmol)を室温で加えた。1時間撹拌した後、工程(1−4)の化合物1.0g(2.9mmol)の乾燥THF溶液6mlを加えた。
室温で一夜放置後、クロロホルム100mlを加え、水20mlで3回洗浄した。ついで飽和食塩水で洗浄後、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。溶媒を減圧留去後、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(クロロホルム:メタノール=30:1)で精製し、N−[2−(N−tert−ブトキシカルボニル)アミノフェニル]−4−[N−(ピリジン−3−イル)メトキシカルボニルアミノメチル]ベンズアミド1.2gをアモルファス状固体として得た(定量的)。
1H NMR(270MHz, CDCl3)δppm: 1.51(9H,s), 4.45(2H,d,J=5.9Hz), 5.16(1H,s), 7.10-7.50(7H,m), 7.70(1H,d,J=8.1Hz), 7.80(1H,d,J=7.3Hz), 7.93(1H,d,J=8.1Hz), 8.57(1H,d,J=4.4Hz), 8.63(1H,s), 9.17(1H,s).
【0090】
(1−6) 工程(1−5)の化合物1.2g(2.8mmol)をメタノール10mlに溶解した。4規定塩酸−ジオキサン溶液20mlを加え、室温で1.5時間撹拌した。希水酸化ナトリウム水溶液にあけた後、クロロホルム60mlで3回抽出した。飽和食塩水で2回洗浄後、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥し、濃縮して0.88gの結晶を得た。ついでエタノール16mlで再結晶を行い、N−(2−アミノフェニル)−4−[N−(ピリジン−3−イル)メトキシカルボニルアミノメチル]ベンズアミド668mg(収率73%)を得た。
mp. 159-160℃.
1H NMR(270MHz, DMSO-d6)δppm: 4.28(2H,d,J=5.9Hz), 4.86(2H,s), 5.10(2H,s), 6.60(1H,t,J=7.3Hz), 6.78(1H,d,J=7Hz), 6.97(1H,t,J=7Hz), 7.17(1H,d,J=8Hz), 7.3-7.5(3H,m), 7.78(1H,d,J=8Hz), 7.93(2H,d,J=8Hz), 8.53(1H,d,J=3.7Hz), 8.59(1H,s), 9.61(1H,s).
IR(KBr)cm-1: 3295,1648,1541,1508,1457,1309,1183,742.
【0091】
【発明の効果】
本発明のヒストン脱アセチル化酵素阻害作用を持つベンズアミド誘導体は、細胞の増殖に関わる疾患の治療および/または改善剤、遺伝子治療の効果増強薬または免疫抑制剤として有用である。特に制癌剤として効果が高く、造血器腫瘍、固形癌に有効である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a benzamide derivative having an inhibitory action on histone deacetylase. More specifically, the present invention relates to use for anticancer drugs and other pharmaceuticals based on histone deacetylase inhibitory action.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the nucleus of the cell, DNA forms a complex with histones and maintains an inactive state with a highly folded chromatin structure (Knezetic et al., Cell, 45 : 95-104, 1986, etc.). In order for a gene to be transcribed in the nucleus, it is necessary to lead the structure to an unfolded state so that various transcription factors can come into contact with DNA (Felsenfeld et al., Cell, 86 : 13-19, 1996). Although the relationship between histone acetylation and transcriptional activation has been reported for a long time, it has been clarified that one of the actions that cause structural changes leading to transcriptional activation is histone acetylation (Hong et al., J. Biol. Chem., 268 : 305-314, 1993, etc.). The acetylation is controlled by histone acetyltransferase and histone deacetylase (HDA), and their importance has been recognized in recent years (A. Csordas, Biochem). J., 265 : 23, 1990, etc.). Sodium butyrate, which has long been confirmed to induce cell cycle arrest and differentiation, is a typical HDA inhibitor (LS Cousens et al., J. Biol. Chem., 254 : 1716, 1979, etc.), clinical use has also been attempted (Novogrodsky et al., Cancer, 51 : 9-14, 1983 and Miller et al., Eur. J. et al. Cancer Clin. Oncl. , 23 : 1283-1287, 1987). However, since the basic inhibitory activity is low and the sustainability in vivo is short, a high dose is required to show the effect. Thus, the prodrug of butyric acid has been improved in durability (Zi-Xing et al., Cancer Res., 54 : 3494-3499, 1994 and Kasukabe et al., British J. et al. Cancer, 75 (6): 850-854, 1997, etc.).
[0003]
In addition, the natural product trichostatin A (TSA) is associated with cell cycle arrest (Yoshida et al., Exp. Cell Res., 177 : 122-131, 1988), growth arrest, induction of differentiation (Yoshida et al., Cancer Res., 47 : 3688-3691, 1987), found to lead to cell shape change, induction of apoptosis. As its mechanism, TSA was confirmed to be a highly active HDA inhibitor in vitro (Yoshida et al., J. Biol. Chem., 265 : 17174, 1990).
[0004]
In addition, research on other HDA inhibitors continued, and trapoxin (Itazaki et al., J. Antibiot., 43 (12): 1524-1534, 1990, etc.), phenylbutyric acid (Carducci et al., Clin. Cancer Res., 2 (2): 379, 1996, etc.) have also been found to have an inhibitory effect. Since these HDA inhibitors have cell cycle arrest and differentiation-inducing actions, they are primarily expected to be applied to anticancer agents. In addition, HDA inhibitors are expected to be applied to various other drugs.
[0005]
That is, as a therapeutic / ameliorating agent for diseases related to cell proliferation, for example, autoimmune diseases, skin diseases, infectious diseases (Darkin-Rattray et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 93 : 13143-13147, 1996), and more efficient vector introduction in gene therapy (Dion et al., Virology, 231 201-209, 1997), transgene expression enhancement (Chen et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 94 : 5798-5803, 1997). However, none of the inhibitors so far have reached a sufficiently satisfactory level as a pharmaceutical in consideration of stability, toxicity, pharmacokinetics and activity intensity. Therefore, development of drugs that solve these problems is strongly desired.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
It is an object of the present invention to provide a compound useful as a pharmaceutical, such as a treatment for a disease associated with cell proliferation and / or an improvement agent or a gene therapy effect-enhancing agent, which has improved the problems of conventional HDA inhibitors. It is in.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventor has confirmed that a benzamide derivative (Japanese Patent Application No. 09-260277) that has already been reported to have a differentiation-inducing action has a strong HDA inhibitory action, The present invention has been completed.
[0008]
That is, the present invention
[1] Formula (1) [Formula 8]
[0009]
[Chemical 8]
Figure 0004405602
[In the formula, A represents an optionally substituted pyridine ring or condensed pyridine ring (as a substituent, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a nitro group, a cyano group, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, 4 alkoxy groups, 1 to 4 aminoalkyl groups, 1 to 4 alkylamino groups, 1 to 4 acyl groups, 1 to 4 acylamino groups, 1 to 4 alkylthio groups 1 to 4 groups selected from the group consisting of a group, a C 1-4 perfluoroalkyl group, a C 1-4 perfluoroalkyloxy group, a carboxyl group, and a C 1-4 alkoxycarbonyl group Represents).
X is a direct bond or Formula (2) [Chemical 9]
[0010]
[Chemical 9]
Figure 0004405602
{Wherein e represents an integer of 1 to 4. g and m each independently represent an integer of 0 to 4. R4 represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a compound represented by the formula (3)
[0011]
[Chemical Formula 10]
Figure 0004405602
(Wherein R6 represents an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, or a pyridine ring). R5 represents either a hydrogen atom or a structure represented by an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. n represents an integer of 1 to 4.
[0012]
Q is the formula (4)
[0013]
Embedded image
Figure 0004405602
(Wherein R7 and R8 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms).
[0014]
R1 and R2 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an aminoalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a carbon number 1 to 4 alkylamino groups, 1 to 4 carbon acyl groups, 1 to 4 carbon acylamino groups, 1 to 4 carbon alkylthio groups, 1 to 4 carbon perfluoroalkyl groups, 1 to 4 carbon atoms 4 represents a perfluoroalkyloxy group, a carboxyl group, or an alkoxycarbonyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
[0015]
R3 represents an amino group or a hydroxyl group. A histone deacetylase inhibitor comprising as an active ingredient a benzamide derivative represented by the following formula or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof:
[2] Formula (5) [Formula 12]
[0016]
Embedded image
Figure 0004405602
A histone deacetylase inhibitor comprising as an active ingredient a benzamide derivative represented by or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof,
[3] Formula (6) [Formula 13]
[0017]
Embedded image
Figure 0004405602
A histone deacetylase inhibitor comprising as an active ingredient a benzamide derivative represented by or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof,
[4] Formula (7) [Formula 14]
[0018]
Embedded image
Figure 0004405602
A histone deacetylase inhibitor comprising as an active ingredient a benzamide derivative represented by or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof,
[5] An anticancer agent containing at least one of the active ingredients as described in any one of [1] to [4], and
[6] A therapeutic and / or ameliorating agent for dermatoses containing at least one of the active ingredients as described in any one of [1] to [4], and
[7] A therapeutic and / or ameliorating agent for infectious diseases containing at least one of the active ingredients as described in any one of [1] to [4], and
[8] A therapeutic and / or ameliorating agent for allergic diseases containing at least one of the active ingredients in any one of [1] to [4], and
[9] A therapeutic and / or ameliorating agent for an autoimmune disease containing at least one of the active ingredients as described in any one of [1] to [4], and
[10] A gene therapy effect enhancer comprising at least one of the active ingredients as described in any one of [1] to [4], and
[11] A therapeutic and / or ameliorating agent for vascular diseases containing at least one of the active ingredients as described in any one of [1] to [4], and
[12] A pharmaceutical product containing at least one of the active ingredients as described in any one of [1] to [4].
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
In the present invention, 1 to 4 carbon atoms represents the number of carbon atoms per unit substituent. That is, for example, in the case of dialkyl substitution, it means 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
[0020]
Examples of the condensed pyridine ring in the compound represented by the formula (1) include bicyclic condensed pyridine rings such as quinoline, isoquinoline, naphthyridine, furopyridine, thienopyridine, pyrrolopyridine, oxazolopyridine, imidazolopyridine, and thiazolopyridine. be able to.
Examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
[0021]
Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, and tert-butyl group.
Examples of the alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, an n-propoxy group, an isopropoxy group, an allyloxy group, an n-butoxy group, an isobutoxy group, a sec-butoxy group, and a tert-butoxy group. be able to.
Examples of the aminoalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include an aminomethyl group, a 1-aminoethyl group, and a 2-aminopropyl group.
[0022]
Examples of the alkylamino group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include N-methylamino group, N, N-dimethylamino group, N, N-diethylamino group, N-methyl-N-ethylamino group, N, N-diisopropylamino. Examples include groups.
Examples of the acyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include acetyl group, propanoyl group, and butanoyl group.
[0023]
Examples of the acylamino group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include an acetylamino group, a propanoylamino group, and a butanoylamino group.
[0024]
Examples of the alkylthio group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include a methylthio group, an ethylthio group, and a propylthio group.
Examples of the perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include a trifluoromethyl group and a pentafluoroethyl group.
[0025]
Examples of the perfluoroalkyloxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include a trifluoromethoxy group and a pentafluoroethoxy group.
Examples of the alkoxycarbonyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include a methoxycarbonyl group and an ethoxycarbonyl group.
[0026]
Examples of the optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group and the like. In addition, examples of the substituent include those having 1 to 4 groups selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a nitro group, a cyano group, a phenyl group, and a pyridine ring.
Salts of pharmacologically acceptable compounds include inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid commonly used in this field, acetic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, Mention may be made of salts with organic acids such as maleic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid.
[0027]
In addition to anticancer agents, pharmaceuticals represent treatments and / or ameliorants or gene therapy effect enhancers for skin diseases, infections, allergic diseases, autoimmune diseases, vascular diseases, and the like.
When the compound represented by formula (1) has an asymmetric carbon, it can exist in the form of a mixture of stereoisomeric forms including different stereoisomeric forms or racemic forms. That is, the present invention includes various forms defined as described above, and these can also be used as active ingredient compounds.
[0028]
Hereinafter, representative compounds represented by the formula (1) of the present invention are exemplified in Table 1 [Table 1 to Table 14]. The present invention is not limited to these examples.
[0029]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004405602
[0030]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004405602
[0031]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004405602
[0032]
[Table 4]
Figure 0004405602
[0033]
[Table 5]
Figure 0004405602
[0034]
[Table 6]
Figure 0004405602
[0035]
[Table 7]
Figure 0004405602
[0036]
[Table 8]
Figure 0004405602
[0037]
[Table 9]
Figure 0004405602
[0038]
[Table 10]
Figure 0004405602
[0039]
[Table 11]
Figure 0004405602
[0040]
[Table 12]
Figure 0004405602
[0041]
[Table 13]
Figure 0004405602
[0042]
[Table 14]
Figure 0004405602
The compound represented by the formula (1) of the present invention or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof can be produced by the method described in Japanese Patent Application No. 09-260277. For example, it can be produced by the following method. can do.
(A) Formula (8) [Chemical 15]
[0043]
Embedded image
Figure 0004405602
[Wherein, A and X are as defined above. R9 represents -C (= G) OH (G represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom) or -NH2. And a compound of formula (9)
[0044]
Embedded image
Figure 0004405602
[Wherein R 1, R 2 and n are as defined above. R10 is —NH when R9 is —C (═G) OH (G is as defined above). 2 R9 is —NH 2 Represents -C (= G) OH (G is as defined above). R11 represents a hydroxyl group protected with a protecting group used for a normal peptide forming reaction such as an amino group or a benzyl group protected with a protecting group used for a normal peptide forming reaction such as a tert-butoxycarbonyl group. Or a compound represented by the
(B) Formula (10) [Formula 17]
[0045]
Embedded image
Figure 0004405602
(In the formula, A and X are as defined above. R12 is —OH or —NH. 2 Represents. And a compound represented by formula (11)
[0046]
Embedded image
Figure 0004405602
(In the formula, R1, R2, R11 and n are as defined above. R13 is —OH or —NH. 2 Represents. The compound represented by formula (12) obtained by subjecting the compound represented by formula (12) to a condensation reaction using N, N′-carbonyldiimidazole, N, N′-thiocarbonyldiimidazole, phosgene, thiophosgene or the like.
[0047]
Embedded image
Figure 0004405602
(Wherein A, X, Q, n, R 1, R 2 and R 11 are as defined above), the compound of the present invention can be obtained by removing the protecting group.
(C) Compound represented by formula (8) and formula (13) [Chemical Formula 20]
[0048]
Embedded image
Figure 0004405602
(Wherein R1, R10 and n are as defined above; R14 represents a methyl group, an ethyl group or a tert-butyl group)
(D) Compound represented by formula (10) and formula (14)
[0049]
Embedded image
Figure 0004405602
(Wherein R1, R13, R14 and n are the same as defined above) Formula (15) obtained by the reaction [Chemical Formula 22]
[0050]
Embedded image
Figure 0004405602
(Wherein A, X, Q, n, R1 and R14 have the same meanings as described above).
[0051]
Embedded image
Figure 0004405602
(Wherein A, X, Q, n and R1 have the same meanings as described above), the compound represented by formula (17) [Chemical Formula 24]
[0052]
Embedded image
Figure 0004405602
(In the formula, R2 and R11 are as defined above.) The compound of the present invention can also be obtained by removing the protecting group of the compound represented by the formula (12) obtained by subjecting the compound to a condensation reaction. Can do.
(E) the compound represented by the formula (16) and the formula (18)
[0053]
Embedded image
Figure 0004405602
The compound of the present invention can also be obtained by subjecting the compound represented by the formula (wherein R2 and R3 are as defined above) to a condensation reaction.
[0054]
The synthesis of representative intermediates will be described.
The compound represented by the formula (8) has the formula (19) [Chemical Formula 26].
[0055]
Embedded image
Figure 0004405602
(In the formula, R1, R10 and n are as defined above) After introducing an appropriate protecting group into the benzoic acid derivative represented by the formula (17), it is subjected to a condensation reaction with the compound represented by the formula (17), followed by deprotection. It can be obtained by doing.
[0056]
The compound represented by the formula (11) has the formula (20)
[0057]
Embedded image
Figure 0004405602
(In the formula, R1, R13 and n are as defined above.) After introducing an appropriate protecting group into the benzoic acid derivative represented by It can be obtained by doing. The compound represented by the formula (17) can be obtained by introducing a protecting group into the compound represented by the formula (18).
[0058]
Next, the reaction will be described.
The condensation reaction (a) can be carried out by an amide bond forming reaction in a normal peptide, for example, an active ester or mixed acid anhydride or acid chloride method. For example, a compound represented by a carboxylic acid component [wherein R9 is -C (= G) OH (G is as defined above) in formula (8)] or R10 is -C (= G) OH (G is A compound represented by the same definition as above] and a phenol such as 2,4,5-trichlorophenol, pentachlorophenol or 4-nitrophenol, or N- such as N-hydroxysuccinimide and N-hydroxybenztriazole. The hydroxy compound is condensed in the presence of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and converted into an active ester, and then the amine component [in formula (8), R9 is —NH 2 Or a compound represented by formula (9) wherein R10 is -NH 2 It can be carried out by condensation with a compound represented by
[0059]
In addition, in the carboxylic acid component [R8 in the formula (8) is represented by -C (= G) OH (G is as defined above) or in the formula (9), R10 is -C (= G) OH (G is the above And a compound represented by the same definition as above) are reacted with oxalyl chloride, thionyl chloride, phosphorus oxychloride and the like, converted to an acid chloride, and then the amine component [wherein R9 is —NH 2 Or a compound represented by the formula (9) wherein R10 is represented by -NH2].
[0060]
In addition, in the carboxylic acid component [R8 in the formula (8) is represented by -C (= G) OH (G is as defined above) or in the formula (9), R10 is -C (= G) OH (G is the above The compound represented by the same definition) is reacted with isobutyl chlorocarbonate or methanesulfonyl chloride to obtain a mixed acid anhydride, and then R9 is —NH in the amine component [Formula (8)]. 2 Or a compound represented by formula (9) wherein R10 is -NH 2 It can be carried out by condensation with a compound represented by
[0061]
Furthermore, the condensation reaction is performed by using a peptide condensing reagent such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, N, N′-carbonyldiimidazole, diphenylphosphoric azide, diethyl phosphate cyanide, 2-chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolonium chloride alone. Can also be used.
[0062]
The reaction is usually carried out at -20 to + 50 ° C for 0.5 to 48 hours. Examples of the solvent used include aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and toluene, ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxane and diethyl ether, halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride and chloroform, N, N-dimethylformamide, Examples thereof include alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, or a mixture thereof. If necessary, an organic base such as triethylamine or pyridine is added to react.
[0063]
In the condensation reaction of (b), either one of the compounds represented by formula (10) or formula (11) is converted to phosgene, thiophosgene, N, N′-carbonyldiimidazole, N, N′-thiocarbonyldiimidazole, or the like. After activation using, it can be carried out by reacting with the other compound. The reaction is usually carried out at -20 to + 50 ° C for 0.5 to 48 hours. Examples of the solvent used include aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and toluene, ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxane and diethyl ether, halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride and chloroform, N, N-dimethylformamide, and these. Of the mixture. If necessary, the reaction is carried out by adding an organic base such as triethylamine or pyridine.
[0064]
The condensation reaction (c) can be carried out by the same method as the condensation reaction (a).
[0065]
The condensation reaction (d) can be carried out by the same method as the condensation reaction (b).
Removal of the protecting group of the compound represented by the formula (11) is performed under the conditions used for ordinary peptide formation reactions. For example, in the formula (12), when R11 is an amino group protected with a tert-butoxycarbonyl group, the deprotection reaction can be carried out by treatment with an acid such as hydrochloric acid or trifluoroacetic acid.
[0066]
The salt of the compound represented by the formula (1) can be obtained by a reaction for producing the compound represented by the formula (1), but can easily form a salt with a pharmaceutically acceptable acid. Examples of the acid include inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, and phosphoric acid, and organic acids such as acetic acid, tartaric acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, and p-toluenesulfonic acid. Mention may be made of acids. These salts can also be used as the active ingredient compound of the present invention in the same manner as the free compound of the formula (1).
[0067]
The compound represented by the formula (1) can be isolated and purified from the reaction mixture by a usual separation means such as extraction, recrystallization and column chromatography.
[0068]
The benzamide derivative having an inhibitory action on histone deacetylase according to the present invention is useful as a therapeutic and / or ameliorating agent for diseases associated with cell growth, an effect enhancing agent for gene therapy, or an immunosuppressive agent.
Examples of diseases relating to cell proliferation include malignant tumors, autoimmune diseases, skin diseases, infections, vascular diseases, allergic diseases, gastrointestinal injury, hormonal diseases, diabetes and the like.
[0069]
Malignant tumors include hematopoietic tumors such as acute leukemia, chronic leukemia, malignant lymphoma, multiple myeloma, macroglobulinemia, colon cancer, brain tumor, head and neck cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, liver cancer, Gallbladder cancer, Bile duct cancer, Pancreatic cancer, Islet cell cancer, Renal cell cancer, Adrenal cortex cancer, Bladder cancer, Prostate cancer, Testicular tumor, Ovarian cancer, Uterine cancer, Choriocarcinoma, Thyroid cancer, Malignant carcinoid tumor, Skin cancer, Malignant black Solid tumors such as tumor, osteosarcoma, soft tissue sarcoma, neuroblastoma, Wilms tumor, retinoblastoma.
Examples of autoimmune diseases include rheumatism, nephritis, diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus, human autoimmune lymphoproliferative lymphadenopathy, immunoblastic lymphadenopathy, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and the like.
Examples of skin diseases include psoriasis, acne, eczema, atopic dermatitis, parasitic skin diseases, alopecia, purulent skin diseases, and scleroderma.
An infectious disease means a disease caused by infection with various bacteria, viruses or parasites.
Examples of the vascular disease include arteriosclerosis.
Examples of enhancing the effect of gene therapy include increasing efficiency of gene vector introduction and enhancing transgene expression.
The target disease of the present invention is not limited to these.
[0070]
The active ingredient compounds of the present invention are useful as pharmaceuticals, and these are used in the form of general medical preparations. The preparation is prepared by using diluents or excipients such as fillers, extenders, binders, humectants, disintegrants, surfactants, lubricants and the like that are usually used. Various forms of this pharmaceutical preparation can be selected according to the therapeutic purpose, and typical examples thereof include tablets, pills, powders, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, granules, capsules, injections (solutions, suspensions). And suppositories.
[0071]
In molding into a tablet form, various carriers well known in the art can be widely used as carriers. Examples thereof include excipients such as lactose, glucose, starch, calcium carbonate, kaolin, crystalline cellulose, silicic acid, water, ethanol, propyl alcohol, simple syrup, glucose solution, starch solution, gelatin solution, carboxymethyl cellulose, Binders such as shellac, methylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dry starch, sodium alginate, agar powder, carmellose calcium, starch, lactose and other disintegrants, sucrose, cacao butter, hydrogenated oil and other disintegration inhibitors, quaternary ammonium Absorption accelerators such as bases, sodium lauryl sulfate, humectants such as glycerin and starch, adsorbents such as starch, lactose, kaolin, bentonite and colloidal silicic acid, lubricants such as talc, stearate and polyethylene glycol Can be used . Further, the tablets can be made into tablets with ordinary coatings as necessary, for example, sugar-coated tablets, gelatin-encapsulated tablets, enteric-encapsulated tablets, film-coated tablets, bilayer tablets, and multilayer tablets.
[0072]
In molding into a pill form, a wide variety of carriers conventionally known in this field can be used. Examples thereof include excipients such as crystalline cellulose, lactose, starch, hydrogenated vegetable oil, kaolin and talc, binders such as gum arabic powder, tragacanth powder and gelatin, and disintegrants such as carmellose calcium and agar. It is done.
[0073]
Capsules are usually prepared by mixing the active ingredient compound with the various carriers exemplified above and filling them into hard gelatin capsules, soft capsules and the like according to conventional methods.
[0074]
When prepared as injections, solutions, emulsions and suspensions are preferably sterilized and isotonic with blood, and when used in these forms, those commonly used in this field as diluents, For example, water, ethanol, macrogol, propylene glycol, ethoxylated isostearyl alcohol, polyoxylated isostearyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters and the like can be used. In this case, the amount of sodium chloride, glucose or glycerin necessary to prepare an isotonic solution may be contained in the pharmaceutical preparation, and a normal solubilizing agent, buffering agent, soothing agent, etc. may be added. Also good.
[0075]
In molding into a suppository form, conventionally known carriers can be widely used. Examples thereof include semi-synthetic glycerides, cocoa butter, higher alcohols, higher alcohol esters, polyethylene glycol and the like.
[0076]
Furthermore, a coloring agent, a preservative, a fragrance | flavor, a flavoring agent, a sweetening agent, etc. and other pharmaceuticals can also be contained in a pharmaceutical formulation as needed.
[0077]
The amount of the active ingredient compound to be contained in these pharmaceutical preparations of the present invention is not particularly limited and is appropriately selected from a wide range, but is usually about 1 to 70% by weight, preferably about 5%, in the preparation composition. It should be ˜50% by weight.
[0078]
The administration method of these pharmaceutical preparations of the present invention is not particularly limited, and is administered by a method according to various preparation forms, patient age, sex, disease severity and other conditions. For example, in the case of tablets, pills, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, granules and capsules, it is administered orally, and in the case of injections, it is intravenously mixed alone or with a normal fluid such as glucose or amino acids. Intramuscularly, intramuscularly, subcutaneously or intraperitoneally alone as needed. In the case of a suppository, it is administered intrarectally.
[0079]
The dosage of these pharmaceutical preparations of the present invention is appropriately selected depending on the usage, patient age, sex, disease severity and other conditions. The amount of the active ingredient compound is usually about 0.0001 per kg body weight per day. It should be about ~ 100 mg. In addition, it is desirable that the active ingredient compound is contained in the dosage unit form in a range of about 0.001 to 1,000 mg.
[0080]
The compound represented by the formula (1) and the salt thereof of the present invention do not exhibit toxicity at a dose having a pharmacological effect.
[0081]
【Example】
EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Test Example 1 (histone deacetylase inhibitory action)
(1) [ Three Preparation of H] acetylhistone
K562 cells (10 8 ) Three H] was labeled with sodium n-butyrate, and histones were extracted according to the method of Yoshida et al. (J. Biol. Chem., 265: 17174, 1990).
(2) Partial purification of histone deacetylase
K562 cells (2.5 × 10 8 The nuclei collected from the above were extracted by the method of Yoshida et al. (J. Biol. Chem., 265: 17174, 1990), and the extract was used with MonoQ HR5 / 5 (Pharmacia) to prepare 0-1 M NaCl. Partial purification of histone deacetylase was performed by a concentration gradient.
(3) Measurement of histone deacetylase inhibitory activity
Prepared in (1) [ Three In buffer A [composition: 5 mM potassium phosphate (pH 7.5), 5% glycerol, 13 mM EDTA] in 50 μl containing 100 μg / ml of H] acetyl histone and 2 μl of the histone deacetylase fraction prepared in (2) And allowed to react at 37 ° C. for 10 minutes. After stopping the reaction by adding 2.5 N hydrochloric acid, 550 μl of ethyl acetate was added, vortexing and centrifugation were performed, 400 μl of the ethyl acetate layer was collected in a scintillation vial, and 2 ml of scintillator was added to release the reaction [ Three The radioactivity of H] acetic acid was measured. The histone deacetylase inhibitory activity was measured by dissolving the test compound in DMSO, diluting it appropriately with buffer A and adding it to the reaction system, and the concentration of the drug that causes 50% enzyme inhibition (IC 50 : ΜM).
The experimental results are shown in Table 2 [Table 15 to Table 17].
[0082]
[Table 15]
Table 2 Histone deacetylase inhibitory action
─────────────────────
Active value of detailed description
Compound number in Table-1 (IC 50 : ΜM)
─────────────────────
1 2.01
4 9.13
5 4.20
8 4.23
9 7.01
11 18.50
12 6.89
13 0.87
14 3.22
15 3.72
16 2.88
17 2.66
18 2.43
19 1.94
20 5.11
22 2.46
─────────────────────
[0083]
[Table 16]
Table-2 continued (1)
─────────────────────
Active value of detailed description
Compound number in Table-1 (IC 50 : ΜM)
─────────────────────
23 3.30
24 1.69
25 4.53
26 7.07
27 8.77
28 1.80
29 4.85
30 5.04
31 10.43
32 24.30
33 3.01
34 4.11
36 6.89
38 12.25
39 1.42
40 1.75
41 3.72
42 2.99
43 3.27
44 5.40
─────────────────────
[0084]
[Table 17]
Table-2 continued (2)
─────────────────────
Active value of detailed description
Compound number in Table-1 (IC 50 : ΜM)
─────────────────────
45 3.90
46 4.17
47 2.50
48 2.30
50 4.86
51 2.12
52 3.86
53 2.52
54 1.22
55 2.63
57 2.22
58 3.48
59 1.00
60 1.92
61 3.14
62 3.17
63 4.76
64 0.53
65 4.36
66 3.59
67 2.20
Sodium butyrate 190
─────────────────────
[0085]
Reference example 1
Synthesis of N- (2-aminophenyl) -4- [N- (pyridin-3-yl) methoxycarbonylaminomethyl] benzamide (Table-1: Compound No. 14)
(1-1) 42 ml (300 mmol) of triethylamine was added to a suspension of 21 g (140 mmol) of 4-aminomethylbenzoic acid in dichloromethane (450 ml). Under ice-cooling, a solution of 60 g (287 mmol) of trifluoroacetic anhydride in dichloromethane (50 ml) was added dropwise while keeping the internal temperature at 3 to 8 ° C., and the mixture was stirred for 3 hours. The reaction solution was poured into saturated sodium bicarbonate water, and further acidified with a 10% aqueous hydrochloric acid solution. The precipitated gel-like precipitate was collected by filtration and dried to obtain 30 g (yield 87%) of 4- (N-trifluoroacetylaminomethyl) benzoic acid as a milky white solid.
1H NMR (270MHz, DMSO-d6) δppm: 4.47 (2H, d, J = 5.8Hz), 7.39 (2H, d, J = 8.1Hz), 7.93 (2H, d, J = 8.1Hz), 10.08 (1H , t, J = 5.8Hz), 12.95 (1H, br.s).
[0086]
(1-2) 1N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (500 ml) was added to a solution of o-phenylenediamine 108 g (1.0 mol) in dioxane (1000 ml), and 218 g (1.1 mol) of ditert-butoxydicarbonate was added under ice cooling. Dioxane (500 ml) solution was added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 6 hours and then left overnight. The solvent was concentrated to 1/2 volume and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer is washed with saturated brine, dried, the solvent is distilled off, the residue obtained is purified by silica gel column chromatography (chloroform), and the resulting solid is washed with ethyl ether to give N-tert-butoxy. 68.4 g (32% yield) of carbonyl-o-phenylenediamine was obtained as a white solid.
1H NMR (270MHz, CDCl3) δppm: 1.51 (9H, s), 3.75 (2H, s), 6.26 (1H, s), 6.77 (1H, d, J = 8.1Hz), 6.79 (1H, dd, J = 7.3, 8.1 Hz), 7.00 (1 H, dd, J = 7.3, 8.1 Hz), 7.27 (1 H, d, J = 8.1 Hz).
[0087]
(1-3) 21 g (165 mmol) of oxalyl chloride was added to a suspension of 30 g (121 mmol) of the compound obtained in step (1-1) in dichloromethane (200 ml) while cooling with ice (internal temperature: 10 to 15 ° C.). Slowly dropped. At that time, DMF was added occasionally (approximately 0.1 ml for each 2 ml drop). After dropping the whole amount, the mixture was stirred until foaming stopped, and then stirred at 40 ° C. for 1 hour. After the solvent was distilled off, excess oxalyl chloride was azeotroped with toluene and dissolved again in dichloromethane (100 ml). The acid chloride solution prepared previously was added dropwise to a solution of 22 g (110 mmol) of the compound obtained in step (1-2) in dichloromethane (100 ml) -pyridine (200 ml) under ice cooling (internal temperature 7-9 ° C.).
After completion of the dropwise addition, the temperature was raised to room temperature and left overnight. Saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted with chloroform, washed with saturated brine, dried, and the solvent was evaporated. Methanol-diisopropyl ether was added to the resulting residue, and the precipitated solid was collected by filtration and dried to give N- [2- (N-tert-butoxycarbonyl) aminophenyl] -4- (N-trifluoroacetylamino). 28 g (yield 58%) of methyl) benzamide were obtained as a pale yellow solid.
1H NMR (270MHz, DMSO-d6) δppm: 1.44 (9H, s), 4.48 (2H, d, J = 5.9Hz), 7.12-7.23 (2H, m), 7.44 (2H, d, J = 8.1Hz) , 7.54 (2H, d, J = 8.1Hz), 7.94 (2H, d, J = 8.1Hz), 8.68 (1H, br.s), 9.83 (1H, s), 10.10 (1H, br.t, J = 5.9Hz).
[0088]
(1-4) To a suspension of 13 g (30 mmol) of the compound of step (1-3) in methanol (120 ml) -water (180 ml) was added 4.7 g (34 mmol) of potassium carbonate, and the mixture was heated and stirred at 70 ° C. for 4 hours. . Extraction with chloroform was performed, and the organic layer was washed with saturated brine, dried, the solvent was distilled off, and dried to give 4-aminomethyl-N- [2- (N-tert-butoxycarbonyl) aminophenyl] benzamide. 10.3 g (quantitative) was obtained as a pale yellow amorphous solid.
1H NMR (270 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm: 3.80 (2H, s), 7.13-7.23 (2H, m), 7.48-7.58 (4H, m), 7.90 (2H, d, J = 8.1 Hz), 8.69 ( 1H, br.s), 9.77 (1H, br.s).
[0089]
(1-5) 384 mg (3.5 mmol) of 3-pyridinemethanol was dissolved in 5 ml of dry THF, and 523 mg (3.2 mmol) of N, N′-carbonyldiimidazole was added at room temperature. After stirring for 1 hour, 6 ml of a dry THF solution of 1.0 g (2.9 mmol) of the compound of step (1-4) was added.
After standing overnight at room temperature, 100 ml of chloroform was added, and the mixture was washed 3 times with 20 ml of water. Subsequently, the extract was washed with saturated brine and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. After the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (chloroform: methanol = 30: 1), and N- [2- (N-tert-butoxycarbonyl) aminophenyl] -4- [N- (pyridine-3) -Yl) 1.2 g of methoxycarbonylaminomethyl] benzamide were obtained as an amorphous solid (quantitative).
1H NMR (270MHz, CDCl3) δppm: 1.51 (9H, s), 4.45 (2H, d, J = 5.9Hz), 5.16 (1H, s), 7.10-7.50 (7H, m), 7.70 (1H, d, J = 8.1Hz), 7.80 (1H, d, J = 7.3Hz), 7.93 (1H, d, J = 8.1Hz), 8.57 (1H, d, J = 4.4Hz), 8.63 (1H, s), 9.17 (1H, s).
[0090]
(1-6) 1.2 g (2.8 mmol) of the compound of step (1-5) was dissolved in 10 ml of methanol. 20 ml of 4N hydrochloric acid-dioxane solution was added and stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours. After pouring into dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, extraction was performed 3 times with 60 ml of chloroform. The extract was washed twice with saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and concentrated to obtain 0.88 g of crystals. Subsequently, recrystallization was performed with 16 ml of ethanol to obtain 668 mg (yield 73%) of N- (2-aminophenyl) -4- [N- (pyridin-3-yl) methoxycarbonylaminomethyl] benzamide.
mp. 159-160 ° C.
1H NMR (270MHz, DMSO-d6) δppm: 4.28 (2H, d, J = 5.9Hz), 4.86 (2H, s), 5.10 (2H, s), 6.60 (1H, t, J = 7.3Hz), 6.78 (1H, d, J = 7Hz), 6.97 (1H, t, J = 7Hz), 7.17 (1H, d, J = 8Hz), 7.3-7.5 (3H, m), 7.78 (1H, d, J = 8Hz ), 7.93 (2H, d, J = 8Hz), 8.53 (1H, d, J = 3.7Hz), 8.59 (1H, s), 9.61 (1H, s).
IR (KBr) cm -1 : 3295,1648,1541,1508,1457,1309,1183,742.
[0091]
【The invention's effect】
The benzamide derivative having an inhibitory action on histone deacetylase according to the present invention is useful as a therapeutic and / or ameliorating agent for diseases associated with cell growth, an effect enhancing agent for gene therapy, or an immunosuppressive agent. It is particularly effective as an anticancer drug and is effective for hematopoietic tumors and solid cancers.

Claims (10)

式(1)[化1]
Figure 0004405602
[式中、Aは置換されていてもよいピリジン環または縮合ピリジン環(置換基として、ハロゲン原子、水酸基、アミノ基、ニトロ基、シアノ基、炭素数1〜4のアルキル基、炭素数1〜4のアルコキシ基、炭素数1〜4のアミノアルキル基、炭素数1〜4のアルキルアミノ基、炭素数1〜4のアシル基、炭素数1〜4のアシルアミノ基、炭素数1〜4のアルキルチオ基、炭素数1〜4のパーフルオロアルキル基、炭素数1〜4のパーフルオロアルキルオキシ基、カルボキシル基、炭素数1〜4のアルコキシカルボニル基からなる群より選ばれた基を1〜4個有する)を表し;
Xは直接結合または式(2)[化2]
Figure 0004405602
{式中、eは1〜4の整数を表し、gおよびmはそれぞれ独立して0〜4の整数を表し、R4は水素原子、置換されていてもよい炭素数1〜4のアルキル基または式(3)[化3]
Figure 0004405602
(式中、R6は置換されていてもよい炭素数1〜4のアルキル基、炭素数1〜4のパーフルオロアルキル基、フェニル基またはピリジン環を表す)で表されるアシル基を表し;R5は水素原子または置換されていてもよい炭素数1〜4のアルキル基を表す}で示される構造のいずれかを表し、nは1〜4の整数を表し、Qは式(4)[化4]
Figure 0004405602
(式中、R7およびR8はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子または置換されていてもよい炭素数1〜4のアルキル基を表す)で示される構造のいずれかを表し、R1およびR2はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、水酸基、アミノ基、炭素数1〜4のアルキル基、炭素数1〜4のアルコキシ基、炭素数1〜4のアミノアルキル基、炭素数1〜4のアルキルアミノ基、炭素数1〜4のアシル基、炭素数1〜4のアシルアミノ基、炭素数1〜4のアルキルチオ基、炭素数1〜4のパーフルオロアルキル基、炭素数1〜4のパーフルオロアルキルオキシ基、カルボキシル基または炭素数1〜4のアルコキシカルボニル基を表し、R3は、アミノ基または水酸基を表す。]
で示されるベンズアミド誘導体またはその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分とするヒストン脱アセチル化酵素阻害剤。
Formula (1) [Chemical Formula 1]
Figure 0004405602
[In the formula, A represents an optionally substituted pyridine ring or condensed pyridine ring (as a substituent, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a nitro group, a cyano group, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, 4 alkoxy groups, 1 to 4 aminoalkyl groups, 1 to 4 alkylamino groups, 1 to 4 acyl groups, 1 to 4 acylamino groups, 1 to 4 alkylthio groups 1 to 4 groups selected from the group consisting of a group, a C 1-4 perfluoroalkyl group, a C 1-4 perfluoroalkyloxy group, a carboxyl group, and a C 1-4 alkoxycarbonyl group Represents);
X is a direct bond or Formula (2) [Formula 2]
Figure 0004405602
{Wherein, e represents an integer of 1 to 4, g and m each independently represents an integer of 0 to 4, R4 represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or Formula (3) [Chemical Formula 3]
Figure 0004405602
(Wherein R6 represents an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a phenyl group or a pyridine ring); R5 Represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms}, n represents an integer of 1 to 4, and Q represents the formula (4) [Chemical Formula 4] ]
Figure 0004405602
(Wherein R7 and R8 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms), and R1 and R2 are each independently Hydrogen atom, halogen atom, hydroxyl group, amino group, alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, aminoalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkylamino group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms , An acyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an acylamino group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkylthio group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a perfluoroalkyloxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms Represents a carboxyl group or an alkoxycarbonyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R3 represents an amino group or a hydroxyl group. ]
The histone deacetylase inhibitor which uses as an active ingredient the benzamide derivative or its pharmacologically acceptable salt shown by these.
式(5)[化5]
Figure 0004405602
で示されるベンズアミド誘導体またはその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分とするヒストン脱アセチル化酵素阻害剤。
Formula (5) [Formula 5]
Figure 0004405602
The histone deacetylase inhibitor which uses as an active ingredient the benzamide derivative or its pharmacologically acceptable salt shown by these.
式(6)[化6]
Figure 0004405602
で示されるベンズアミド誘導体またはその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分とするヒストン脱アセチル化酵素阻害剤。
Formula (6) [Formula 6]
Figure 0004405602
The histone deacetylase inhibitor which uses as an active ingredient the benzamide derivative or its pharmacologically acceptable salt shown by these.
式(7)[化7]
Figure 0004405602
で示されるベンズアミド誘導体またはその薬理学的に許容される塩を有効成分とするヒストン脱アセチル化酵素阻害剤。
Formula (7) [Formula 7]
Figure 0004405602
The histone deacetylase inhibitor which uses as an active ingredient the benzamide derivative or its pharmacologically acceptable salt shown by these.
請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の阻害剤を少なくとも1つ有効成分として含有する皮膚病の治療および/または改善剤。  A therapeutic and / or ameliorating agent for dermatoses comprising at least one inhibitor according to any one of claims 1 to 4 as an active ingredient. 請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の阻害剤を少なくとも1つ有効成分として含有する感染症の治療および/または改善剤。  A therapeutic and / or ameliorating agent for infectious diseases comprising at least one inhibitor according to any one of claims 1 to 4 as an active ingredient. 請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の阻害剤を少なくとも1つ有効成分として含有するアレルギー性疾患の治療および/または改善剤。  A therapeutic and / or ameliorating agent for an allergic disease comprising at least one inhibitor according to any one of claims 1 to 4 as an active ingredient. 請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の阻害剤を少なくとも1つ有効成分として含有する自己免疫性疾患の治療および/または改善剤。  The therapeutic and / or ameliorating agent of the autoimmune disease which contains at least 1 inhibitor as described in any one of Claims 1-4 as an active ingredient. 請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の阻害剤を少なくとも1つ有効成分として含有する遺伝子治療効果増強剤。  A gene therapy effect enhancer comprising at least one inhibitor according to any one of claims 1 to 4 as an active ingredient. 請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の阻害剤を少なくとも1つ有効成分として含有する血管性疾患の治療および/または改善剤。  A therapeutic and / or ameliorating agent for vascular diseases comprising at least one inhibitor according to any one of claims 1 to 4 as an active ingredient.
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