JP4296839B2

JP4296839B2 - Eddy current reducer

Info

Publication number: JP4296839B2
Application number: JP2003144797A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 徹桑原
Original assignee: Isuzu Motors Ltd
Current assignee: Isuzu Motors Ltd
Priority date: 2003-05-22
Filing date: 2003-05-22
Publication date: 2009-07-15
Anticipated expiration: 2023-05-22
Also published as: JP2004350411A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、主に大型車両において補助ブレーキとして使用される渦電流式減速装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
トラック等の大型車両では一般に、補助ブレーキとして渦電流式減速装置（リターダ）が使用されている。
【０００３】
渦電流式減速装置の一例を、図１５及び図１６を用いて説明する。
【０００４】
この渦電流式減速装置は、車両のプロペラシャフト等の回転軸１に結合されたドラム状の制動ロータ２と、その制動ロータ２の径方向内方でミッションケース等の固定側に取り付けられたステータ４（磁力源）とを備え、ステータ４からロータ２へ磁気を供給することでロータ２に渦電流を生じさせて回転軸１を減速制動し、磁気をステータ４内に遮蔽することで減速制動を解除するものである。
【０００５】
ステータ４は、固定側に支持され、アルミニウム等の非磁性体からなる環状ケーシング３と、環状ケーシング３内に制動ロータ２の周方向に回動自在に収容された磁石環５と、磁石環５を回動させるアクチュエータ７（例えば、エアシリンダ）とを備える。環状ケーシング３は、アクチュエータ７を一体的に有する一側部３ａと、磁石環５を支持する他側部３ｂとの二分割構造である。
【０００６】
磁石環５は、磁性体からなる支持リング６と、支持リング６の外周に周方向に間隔を隔てて配置された複数の永久磁石８とを有する。各永久磁石８は回転軸１の径方向両端部に磁極面を有し、径方向外側（又は径方向内側）の極性が周方向に隣接する永久磁石８と異なるように設定される。
【０００７】
環状ケーシング３の外周部には、強磁性体又は軟磁性体からなるポールピース９（磁性体部材）が周方向にほぼ等間隔を隔てて複数設けられ、各ポールピース９間にはアルミニウムなどの非磁性体からなる非磁性体部材１０が設けられる。つまり、環状ケーシング３の外周壁は、ポールピース９と非磁性体部材１０とで構成される。ポールピース９の周方向長さは永久磁石８の周方向長さとほぼ等しく、非磁性体部材１０の周方向長さは、ポールピース９及び永久磁石８の周方向長さよりも短い。
【０００８】
この渦電流式減速装置の減速制動をオフするときには、エアシリンダ７で磁石環５を回動させて、図１６（ａ）に示すように、磁石環５の各永久磁石８を二つのポールピース９，９間に位置させる。言い換えれば、各永久磁石８を非磁性体部材１０と対向させる。すると、隣接する二つの永久磁石８、ポールピース９及び支持リング６との間で短絡的な磁気回路ｗ１が形成される。よって、制動ロータ２には磁気が作用せず、渦電流が生じない。つまり、減速制動は生じない。
【０００９】
他方、減速制動をオンするときには、磁石環５を回動して、図１６（ｂ）に示すように、磁石環５の各永久磁石８をポールピース９と対向させる。すると、隣接する二つの永久磁石８，８と、それら永久磁石８，８と対向する二つのポールピース９，９と、支持リング６と、制動ドラム２との間で磁気回路ｗ２が形成される。これによって、制動ドラム２に渦電流が発生して制動力が作用する。
【００１０】
このように、非磁性体からなる環状ケーシング３に磁性体からなるポールピース９を複数設けた渦電流式減速装置は、特許文献１〜３等にも記載されている。
【００１１】
【特許文献１】
特開平１−２９８９４８号公報
【特許文献２】
特公平６−１４７８２号公報
【特許文献３】
特公平６−８３５７１号公報
【００１２】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、このような渦電流式減速装置では、アルミ製の環状ケーシング３を鋳造する際にポールピース９を鋳ぐるんで一体的に製造するのが一般的であった。つまり、環状ケーシング３と非磁性体部材１０とを同一部材とし、それら環状ケーシング３及び非磁性体部材１０とポールピース９とを一体的に製造していた。
【００１３】
しかしながら、この結果、型が大型化してしまい、製造コストが高くなってしまうという問題があった。
【００１４】
そこで、本発明の目的は、上記課題を解決し、製造コストの低い渦電流式減速装置を提供することにある。
【００１５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために本発明は、回転軸に結合された制動ロータと、該制動ロータに対向させて固定側に取り付けられ、非磁性体からなる環状ケーシングと、該環状ケーシングの上記制動ロータと対向する部分に、上記制動ロータの周方向に間隔を隔てて複数配置された磁性体部材と、それら磁性体部材の間に配置された非磁性体部材とを備えた渦電流式減速装置であって、上記環状ケーシング、磁性体部材及び非磁性体部材をそれぞれ別体に形成し、上記磁性体部材及び非磁性体部材を交互に並べて上記環状ケーシングに組み付けるようにしたものである。
【００１６】
ここで、上記制動ロータがドラム状であり、上記環状ケーシングが、上記制動ロータの径方向内方又は径方向外方に配置され、上記磁性体部材及び非磁性体部材が、上記環状ケーシングの外周部又は内周部に設けられるようにしても良い。
【００１７】
また、上記制動ロータがディスク状であり、上記環状ケーシングが、上記制動ロータの側方に配置され、上記磁性体部材及び非磁性体部材が、上記環状ケーシングの側部に設けられるようにしても良い。
【００１８】
また、上記磁性体部材及び上記非磁性体部材の周方向両端部に、互いに係合可能な凸部又は凹部をそれぞれ形成しても良い。
【００１９】
また、上記非磁性体部材が、上記環状ケーシングに組み付ける際の組付方向前方側のサイズが組付方向後方側と等しいかそれよりも縮小した形状であり、上記環状ケーシングに上記複数の磁性体部材を周方向に間隔を隔てて組み付けた後、上記非磁性体部材を各磁性体部材間に挿入して組み付け可能であるようにしても良い。
【００２０】
また、上記磁性体部材が電磁鋼板の積層体からなっても良い。
【００２１】
更に本発明は、回転軸に結合された制動ロータと、該制動ロータに対向させて固定側に取り付けられ、非磁性体からなる環状ケーシングと、該環状ケーシングの上記制動ロータと対向する部分に設けられ、上記制動ロータの周方向に交互に複数形成された厚肉部と薄肉部とを有するリング状の磁性体部材とを備えた渦電流式減速装置であって、上記磁性体部材を、周方向に複数分割して形成し、それら各分割部材を互いに周方向に連結してリング状とするようにしたものである。
【００２２】
ここで、上記制動ロータがドラム状であり、上記環状ケーシングが、上記制動ロータの径方向内方又は径方向外方に配置され、上記磁性体部材が、上記環状ケーシングの外周部又は内周部に設けられるようにしても良い。
【００２３】
また、上記制動ロータがディスク状であり、上記環状ケーシングが、上記制動ロータの側方に配置され、上記磁性体部材が、上記環状ケーシングの側部に設けられるようにしても良い。
【００２４】
また、上記各分割部材が、厚肉部及び／又は薄肉部を複数有するようにしても良い。
【００２５】
また、上記各分割部材の周方向両端部に、互いに係合可能な凸部又は凹部をそれぞれ形成しても良い。
【００２６】
また、上記磁性体部材が電磁鋼板の積層体からなっても良い。
【００２７】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の好適な一実施形態を添付図面に基づいて詳述する。
【００２８】
図１は本実施形態に係る渦電流式減速装置の部分正面断面図であり、図２はそのステータの側面断面図である。本実施形態の渦電流式減速装置は、図１５及び図１６に示したものと基本的な構成は同様であるので、同一要素には同一の符号を付してその説明を省略する。
【００２９】
本実施形態の渦電流式減速装置の特徴は、環状ケーシング３と、ポールピース９（磁性体部材）と、非磁性体部材１０とをそれぞれ別体に形成し、ポールピース９及び非磁性体部材１０を交互に並べて環状ケーシング３の外周部に組み付けて構成した点にある。
【００３０】
具体的に説明すると、環状ケーシング３の外周部には、周方向全域に渡って空隙が形成されており、その空隙内にポールピース９及び非磁性体部材１０が交互に並べて組み付けられる。本実施形態の環状ケーシング３は、アクチュエータ７を一体的に有する一側部３ａと、磁石環５を支持する他側部３ｂとの二分割構造であり、それら一側部３ａと他側部３ｂとを互いに接続すると、それらの外周部に空隙が形成されるようになっている。
【００３１】
図１に示すように、ポールピース９及び非磁性体部材１０の周方向両端部には、互いに係合可能な凸部１１又は凹部１２がそれぞれ形成されており、それら凸部１１と凹部１２とを係合させることで、ポールピース９と非磁性体部材１０とを周方向に連結できるようになっている。即ち、本実施形態のポールピース９の周方向両端部には、径方向ほぼ中央部から周方向外側に突出した凸部１１が形成されており、非磁性体部材１０の周方向両端部には、径方向ほぼ中央部からポールピース９の凸部１１とほぼ同形状で窪んだ凹部１２が形成されている。ポールピース９の凸部１１を非磁性体部材１０の凹部１２内に挿入することでポールピース９と非磁性体部材１０とを周方向に連結できる。本実施形態では、非磁性体部材１０の凹部１２がポールピース９の凸部１１よりも若干小さく形成されており、ポールピース９の凸部１１を非磁性体部材１０の凹部１２内に圧入するようになっている。従って、ポールピース９と非磁性体部材１０とを比較的強固に連結できる。各ポールピース９と非磁性体部材１０との間には適切なシール剤又は接着剤（例えばロックタイト）が設けられており、環状ケーシング３内に収容される永久磁石８を水などから保護できるようになっている。
【００３２】
図２に示すように、環状ケーシング３における空隙の側部を形成する部分の径方向内側部分には、軸方向内側に突出した係合突起１３がそれぞれ形成されており、ポールピース９及び非磁性体部材１０の軸方向両端部（図中左右両端）の径方向外側部分には、軸方向外側に突出した係合突起１４がそれぞれ形成されている。なお、図２ではポールピース９の係合突起１４のみが示されているが、非磁性体部材１０の係合突起もポールピース９の係合突起１４と同形状である。ポールピース９及び非磁性体部材１０を環状ケーシング３の空隙内に組み付けると、環状ケーシング３の係合突起１３と、ポールピース９及び非磁性体部材１０の係合突起１４とが係合し、ポールピース９及び非磁性体部材１０が環状ケーシング３の内部に脱落することが防止される。
【００３３】
ポールピース９及び非磁性体部材１０は、通しボルト１５により環状ケーシング３に対して一体的に固定される。なお、本実施形態ではポールピース９と非磁性体部材１０とが、凸部１１及び凹部１２とによって周方向に連結されるため、ポールピース９又は非磁性体部材１０のどちらか一方のみを通しボルト１５で固定するようにしても良い。また、非磁性体部材１０を固定する通しボルト１５は非磁性体からなるものを用い、ポールピース９を固定する通しボルト１５は磁性体からなるものを用いることが好ましい。
【００３４】
係る渦電流式減速装置の組立方法の一例を説明すると、先ず、各ポールピース９と非磁性体部材１０とを周方向に交互に並べて連結してリング状に組み立てる。そのリング体を環状ケーシング３の一側部３ａに側方から組み付ける。このとき、治具等を用いてリング体の形状を保持するようにしても良い。その後、一側部３ａとリング体とに対して、環状ケーシング３の他側部３ｂを側方から組み付け、それら一側部３ａ、リング体、他側部３ｂを通しボルト１５により一体的に固定する。
【００３５】
このように、本実施形態の渦電流式減速装置では、環状ケーシング３と、ポールピース９と、非磁性体部材１０とがそれぞれ別体に形成されるため、環状ケーシング３の製造に用いる金型を従来と比較して小型化でき、生産性及び製造コストが向上する。
【００３６】
ポールピース９及び非磁性体部材１０の形状は様々な変形例が考えられる。図３〜図５にポールピース９及び非磁性体部材１０の変形例を示す。
【００３７】
図３（ａ）の例は、非磁性体部材１０の周方向両端部に、図１に示したポールピース９の凸部１１とほぼ同形状の凸部１７を形成し、ポールピース９の周方向両端部に、凸部１７とほぼ同形状で窪んだ凹部１８を形成したものである。
【００３８】
図３（ｂ）の例は、ポールピース９の周方向両端部に径方向両端部から径方向中央部に向かうにつれて徐々に周方向に突出したく字状の凸部１９を形成し、非磁性体部材１０の周方向両端部に、凸部１９とほぼ同形状で窪んだ凹部２０を形成したものである。
【００３９】
図３（ｃ）の例は、非磁性体部材１０の周方向両端部に、図３（ｂ）に示した凸部１９とほぼ同形状の凸部２１を形成し、ポールピース９の周方向両端部に、凸部２１とほぼ同形状で窪んだ凹部２２を形成したものである。
【００４０】
図３（ｄ）の例は、非磁性体部材１０の周方向両端部に、径方向内側端部から径方向外側に向かうにつれて徐々に周方向に突出したテーパー部２３と、テーパー部２３に連続して形成され周方向に延出した頂部２４と、頂部２４に連続して形成され周方向に延出した係合部２５とを有する凸部２６を形成し、ポールピース９の周方向両端部に、凸部２６とほぼ同形状で窪んだ凹部２７を形成したものである。
【００４１】
図４（ａ）の例は、ポールピース９の周方向両端部に逆Ｗ状に突出した凸部２８を形成し、非磁性体部材１０の周方向両端部に凸部２８とほぼ同形状で窪んだ凹部２９を形成したものである。
【００４２】
図４（ｂ）の例は、ポールピース９の周方向両端部に、径方向内側端部から径方向外側に向かうにつれて徐々に周方向に突出した第１テーパー部３０と、第１テーパー部３０に連続して形成され径方向に延出した頂部３１と、頂部３１に連続して形成され、径方向外側端部から頂部３１に向かうにつれて徐々に周方向に突出した第２テーパー部３２とを有する凸部３３を形成し、非磁性体部材１０の周方向両端部に凸部３３とほぼ同形状で窪んだ凹部３４を形成したものである。
【００４３】
図４（ｃ）の例は、非磁性体部材１０の周方向両端部に、図４（ｂ）に示した凸部３３とほぼ同形状の凸部３５を形成し、ポールピース９の周方向両端部に凸部３５とほぼ同形状で窪んだ凹部３６を形成したものである。
【００４４】
図４（ｄ）の例は、ポールピース９の周方向両端部に、径方向に間隔を隔てて配置された二つの凸部３７ａ，３７ｂを形成し、非磁性体部材１０の周方向両端部に、それら凸部３７ａ，３７ｂと同形状で窪んだ二つの凹部３８ａ，３８ｂを形成したものである。
【００４５】
図５（ａ）の例は、非磁性体部材１０の周方向両端部に、図４（ｄ）に示した凸部３７ａ，３７ｂとほぼ同形状の凸部３９ａ，３９ｂを形成し、ポールピース９の周方向両端部に凸部３９ａ，３９ｂとほぼ同形状で窪んだ凹部４０ａ，４０ｂを形成したものである。
【００４６】
図５（ｂ）の例は、ポールピース９の周方向両端部に、径方向ほぼ中央部から半円状に突出した凸部４１を形成し、非磁性体部材１０の周方向両端部に凸部４１とほぼ同形状で窪んだ凹部４２を形成したものである。
【００４７】
図５（ｃ）の例は、非磁性体部材１０の周方向両端部に、図５（ｂ）に示した凸部４１とほぼ同形状の凸部４３を形成し、ポールピース９の周方向両端部に凸部４３とほぼ同形状で窪んだ凹部４４を形成したものである。
【００４８】
本発明は、他にも様々な変形例が考えられるものである。
【００４９】
例えば、各ポールピース９は一体成形品であっても、電磁鋼板を多数積層した構造としても良い。電磁鋼板の積層体には、周方向への磁束が流れやすい、製造コストが低い等のメリットがある。ポールピース９を電磁鋼板の積層体で構成する場合、電磁鋼板の重ね合わせ部の外表面に耐熱性を有する防水剤を塗布して、耐浸水性の向上を図っても良い。
【００５０】
また、上記実施形態では、環状ケーシング３の内部に、周方向に回動自在に設けられた一つの磁石環５を備えたタイプを説明したが、本発明は、磁石環が環状ケーシングの内部で軸方向に移動可能に設けられたタイプ（例えば、特許文献２参照）にも適用できる。また、環状ケーシングの内部に、二つの磁石環を収容したタイプにも適用可能である。
【００５１】
また、磁石環を固定として、環状ケーシングを周方向に回動させるタイプにも適用可能である。
【００５２】
また、環状ケーシング３が制動ロータ２の径方向外方に配置されたタイプにも適用可能である。その場合、ポールピース９及び非磁性体部材１０は、環状ケーシング３の内周部に設けられることになる。
【００５３】
また、図６に示すように、制動ロータ２がディスク状である渦電流式減速装置にも適用できる。この場合、環状ケーシング３は制動ロータ２に対向するように制動ロータ２の側方に配置され、ポールピース９及び非磁性体部材１０は環状ケーシング３の側部に設けられる。ディスク状の制動ロータ２を備えた渦電流式減速装置に適用する場合、非磁性体からなる薄板などをポールピース９及び非磁性体部材１０の側部を覆うように取り付けても良い。なお、図６では、ディスク状の制動ロータ２を２枚備えたタイプを示したが、制動ロータ２を１枚のみ備えたものにも適用可能であることは勿論である。
【００５４】
さて、このように本実施形態の渦電流式減速装置は、ポールピース９と、非磁性体部材１０と、環状ケーシング３とを別部品とすることにより製造コストの低減を図るものであるが、ポールピース９と非磁性体部材１０との連結部の形状を適切にすることで、渦電流式減速装置の組み立てが容易になるという更なる効果を得ることができる。以下、この点について説明する。
【００５５】
まず、従来のようにポールピース９をアルミ製の環状ケーシング３に鋳ぐるんだ渦電流式減速装置では、図１５に示すように、環状ケーシング３の一側部３ａと他側部３ｂとを互いに接続した後、各永久磁石８を環状ケーシング３の外側から着磁しようとすると、各ポールピース９の外側を囲むように形成された非磁性体領域（非磁性体部材１０及び環状ケーシング３）に電流が流れて、着磁磁界に対する反抗磁界が発生してしまう。このため、充分な着磁ができないおそれがある。
【００５６】
そこで、図７に示すように、各永久磁石８を着磁した後に、環状ケーシング３の一側部３ａと他側部３ｂとを接続しようとすると、永久磁石８とポールピース９との間に働く吸引力によって一側部３ａが変形してしまうなどの問題があった。これらの理由により、ポールピース９をアルミ製の環状ケーシング３に鋳ぐるんだ渦電流式減速装置は組み立てが困難であった。
【００５７】
これに対して、ポールピース９と非磁性体部材１０と環状ケーシング３とが別体に形成された本実施形態の渦電流式減速装置において、ポールピース９のみを環状ケーシング３に組み付けた後に、非磁性体部材１０を各ポールピース９間に挿入できるような形状とすることによって、組立性を向上させることができる。
【００５８】
具体的な組立方法を説明すると、まず、着磁前の永久磁石８を備えた磁石環５を他側部３ｂに取り付け、その他側部３ｂと一側部３ａとを連結して環状ケーシング３を形成する（図８（ａ）参照）。次に、図８（ｂ）に示すように、環状ケーシング３の外周部の空隙に、ポールピース９のみを周方向に間隔を隔てて組み付ける。この状態で、各永久磁石８を環状ケーシング３の外側から着磁する。このとき、各ポールピース９の間は空気層となるため、各ポールピース９の周りに電流は流れず、上記したような反抗磁界は発生しない。従って、良好な着磁が実行できる。その後、各ポールピース９間に非磁性体部材１０を挿入して組み付けることで、図１及び図２に示すような渦電流式減速装置を組み立てることができる。従って、永久磁石８の着磁及び渦電流式減速装置の組み立てを容易に行うことができる。
【００５９】
上述したように、組立作業性の向上を図るためには、ポールピース９と非磁性体部材１０との連結部の形状を、ポールピース９の組付後に、非磁性体部材１０を各ポールピース９間に挿入できるような形状とする必要がある。以下、図９を用いてそのような形状の例を説明する。
【００６０】
先ず、図９（ａ）に示す例は、ポールピース９の周方向両端部の径方向内側端部に、周方向外側に突出した凸部５０を形成し、非磁性体部材１０の周方向両端部の径方向内側端部に凸部５０とほぼ同形状で窪んだ凹部５１を形成したものである。この形状であれば、環状ケーシング３にポールピース９を組み付けた後、各ポールピース９間に非磁性体部材１０を環状ケーシング３の径方向外側から挿入することができる。
【００６１】
図９（ｂ）の例は、ポールピース９の周方向両端部の径方向内側端部に、周方向外側にテーパ状に突出した凸部５２を形成し、非磁性体部材１０の周方向両端部の径方向内側端部に凸部５２とほぼ同形状で窪んだ凹部５３を形成したものである。
【００６２】
図９（ｃ）の例は、ポールピース９の周方向両端部の径方向内側端部に、周方向外側に突出した凸部５４を形成し、非磁性体部材１０の周方向長さを、隣接する二つのポールピース９の凸部５４と係合する長さとし、かつその径方向長さを、非磁性体部材１０がポールピース９の凸部５４と係合したときに、径方向外側端部がポールピース９の径方向外側端部とほぼ等しくなるような長さにしたものである。つまり、この形態では、非磁性体部材１０の径方向長さはポールピース９の径方向長さよりも短くなる。
【００６３】
図９（ｄ）の例は、ポールピース９の周方向両端部の径方向中間部に、周方向外側に突出した凸部５５を形成し、非磁性体部材１０の周方向長さを、隣接する二つのポールピース９の凸部５５と係合する長さとし、かつその径方向長さを、非磁性体部材１０がポールピース９の凸部５５と係合したときに、径方向外側端部がポールピース９の径方向外側端部とほぼ等しくなるような長さにしたものである。
【００６４】
図９（ａ）〜図９（ｄ）いずれの例においても、環状ケーシング３にポールピース９を組み付けた後、各ポールピース９間に非磁性体部材１０を環状ケーシング３の径方向外側から挿入することが可能である。このように、非磁性体部材１０を後組みできるようにするためには、非磁性体部材１０の組付方向前方側（環状ケーシング３の径方向内側）の周方向長さ及び軸方向長さを、組付方向後方側の長さと等しいかそれよりも短くする必要がある。
【００６５】
ここで、図９（ａ）〜図９（ｄ）の例では、各ポールピース９と非磁性体部材１０との周方向の連結力が比較的弱いため、ポールピース９と非磁性体部材１０の両方とも、通しボルト１５により環状ケーシング３に対して固定することが好ましい。なお、各ポールピース９と非磁性体部材１０との連結部を接着剤などにより固定して連結力を向上させるようにしても良い。
【００６６】
本発明の更に他の実施形態を説明する。
【００６７】
以下説明する実施形態は、本発明者が先に出願したものであり、特開２０００−２３６６５５号公報に記載されたタイプの渦電流式減速装置に適用したものである。この渦電流式減速装置は、図１０に示すように、環状ケーシング３の制動ロータ２と対向する部分（図１０の例では外周部）に、制動ロータ２の周方向に交互に複数形成された厚肉部５８と薄肉部５９とを有するリング状の磁性体部材５７を設けたものである。磁性体部材５７は、軟磁性体又は強磁性体からなり、その厚肉部５８が、図１及び図２に示した形態におけるポールピース９と同じ機能を有している。薄肉部５９の径方向外側には空気層が存在することになり、この空気層が図１及び図２に示した形態における非磁性体部材１０と同じ機能を有する。
【００６８】
この渦電流式減速装置に適用した実施形態は、図１１に示すように、磁性体部材５７を、周方向に複数分割して形成し、それら各分割部材５７’を互いに周方向に連結してリング状とするものである。図１１に示した形態では、各分割部材５７’はそれぞれ厚肉部５８と薄肉部５９とを一つずつ有している。また、各分割部材５７’の周方向両端部には互いに係合可能な凸部又は凹部がそれぞれ形成されている。即ち、分割部材５７’の周方向一端部（薄肉部５９側端部）には、薄肉部５９に連続して形成され、薄肉部５９とほぼ同形状で周方向外側に突出した凸部６０が形成され、分割部材５７’の周方向他端部の径方向中間部には凸部６０とほぼ同形状で窪んだ凹部６１が形成されている。分割部材５７’の凸部６０を他の分割部材５７’の凹部６１に係合させることで、分割部材５７’を周方向に連結することができる。なお、各分割部材５７’の連結部は、接着剤で固定したり、溶接接合しても良い。
【００６９】
この形態においても、各分割部材５７’の製造に用いる型が小さくなるので、製造コストを低減できる。つまり、リング状の磁性体部材５７を一体成型品とした場合、磁性体部材５７の製造に用いる型が大型化してしまい製造コストは高くなるが、磁性体部材５７を周方向に分割することで型の大型化及び製造コストの上昇を回避している。
【００７０】
図１２を用いて、この形態の変形例を説明する。
【００７１】
図１２（ａ）に示した例は、薄肉部５９及び凸部６０と、凹部６１とを分割部材５７’の径方向内側端部に形成したものである。
【００７２】
図１２（ｂ）に示した例は、各分割部材５７’の周方向他端部（厚肉部５８側）の径方向中間部に周方向外側に突出したリブ６２を形成し、そのリブ６２から厚肉部５８にかけて凹部６１を形成したものである。
【００７３】
図１２（ｃ）に示した例は、凸部６０を先端側に向かって拡大するようにテーパ状に形成し、凹部６１を凸部６０と同形状で窪ませたものである。この例では、各分割部材５７’の凸部６０を制動ロータ２の軸方向（紙面裏表方向）から凹部６１内に挿入する。この例では、各分割部材５７’を周方向に連結した後、各分割部材５７’同士が周方向にずれて外れることを防止できる。
【００７４】
図１２（ｄ）に示した例は、各分割部材５７’が二つの厚肉部５８，５８と薄肉部５９，５９とを備えたものである。このように、各分割部材５７’が厚肉部５８及び／又は薄肉部５９を複数備えるようにしても良い。
【００７５】
ここで、図１３に示すように、少なくとも薄肉部５９の内部に棒状の補強部材６４を埋設して薄肉部５９の強度を向上させるようにしても良い。補強部材６４の断面形状は丸に限定されず、四角などでも良い。また、補強部材６４の本数は１本でも、複数本でも良い。また、補強部材６４は、厚肉部５８の内部にも設けても良く、周方向に分割して複数設けても良い。更に、薄肉部５９の内部に埋設する補強部材６４は非磁性体で形成することが好ましい。
【００７６】
この実施形態において、各分割部材５７’は一体成形品であってもよいし、図１４に示すように、電磁鋼板６５を多数積層した構造としても良い。分割部材５７’を電磁鋼板６５の積層体で構成する場合、電磁鋼板６５の重ね合わせ部の外表面に耐熱性を有する防水剤を塗布して、耐浸水性の向上を図っても良い。
【００７７】
また、図１０では、ドラム状の制動ロータ２を備えたタイプを示したが、図６に示したようなディスク状の制動ロータ２を備えたタイプにもこの実施形態を適用することができる。その場合、環状ケーシング３が制動ロータ２に対向するように制動ロータ２の側部に配置され、磁性体部材５７は環状ケーシング３の側部に設けられる。
【００７８】
【発明の効果】
以上要するに本発明によれば、製造コストを低減できるという優れた効果を発揮するものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施形態に係る渦電流式減速装置の部分拡大正面断面図である。
【図２】図１の渦電流式減速装置のステータの側面断面図である。
【図３】（ａ）はポールピース及び非磁性体部材の変形例を示す部分正面断面図である。
（ｂ）はポールピース及び非磁性体部材の変形例を示す部分正面断面図である。
（ｃ）はポールピース及び非磁性体部材の変形例を示す部分正面断面図である。
（ｄ）はポールピース及び非磁性体部材の変形例を示す部分正面断面図である。
【図４】（ａ）はポールピース及び非磁性体部材の変形例を示す部分正面断面図である。
（ｂ）はポールピース及び非磁性体部材の変形例を示す部分正面断面図である。
（ｃ）はポールピース及び非磁性体部材の変形例を示す部分正面断面図である。
（ｄ）はポールピース及び非磁性体部材の変形例を示す部分正面断面図である。
【図５】（ａ）はポールピース及び非磁性体部材の変形例を示す部分正面断面図である。
（ｂ）はポールピース及び非磁性体部材の変形例を示す部分正面断面図である。
（ｃ）はポールピース及び非磁性体部材の変形例を示す部分正面断面図である。
【図６】ディスク状の制動ロータを備えた渦電流式減速装置の上半分側面断面図である。
【図７】渦電流式減速装置の組み立てを説明する部分側面断面図である。
【図８】（ａ）は本発明の一実施形態に係る渦電流式減速装置の組み立てを説明する部分側面断面図である。
（ｂ）は本発明の一実施形態に係る渦電流式減速装置の組み立てを説明する部分正面断面図である。
【図９】（ａ）はポールピース及び非磁性体部材の変形例を示す部分正面断面図である。
（ｂ）はポールピース及び非磁性体部材の変形例を示す部分正面断面図である。
（ｃ）はポールピース及び非磁性体部材の変形例を示す部分正面断面図である。
（ｄ）はポールピース及び非磁性体部材の変形例を示す部分正面断面図である。
【図１０】本発明者が先に出願した渦電流式減速装置の部分正面断面図である。
【図１１】図１０の渦電流式減速装置に本発明を適用した例を示す部分正面断面図である。
【図１２】（ａ）は分割部材の変形例を示す部分正面断面図である。
（ｂ）は分割部材の変形例を示す部分正面断面図である。
（ｃ）は分割部材の変形例を示す部分正面断面図である。
（ｄ）は分割部材の変形例を示す部分正面断面図である。
【図１３】分割部材の部分側面断面図である。
【図１４】電磁鋼板の積層体からなる分割部材の部分斜視図である。
【図１５】従来の渦電流式減速装置の上半分側面断面図である。
【図１６】（ａ）は図１５の渦電流式減速装置の部分正面断面図であり、制動オフ時を示している。
（ｂ）は図１５の渦電流式減速装置の部分正面断面図であり、制動オン時を示している。
【符号の説明】
１回転軸
２制動ドラム
３環状ケーシング
８永久磁石
９磁性体部材（ポールピース）
１０非磁性体部材
５７磁性体部材
５７’分割部材[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an eddy current type reduction gear used mainly as an auxiliary brake in a large vehicle.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In large vehicles such as trucks, an eddy current reduction device (retarder) is generally used as an auxiliary brake.
[0003]
An example of the eddy current type speed reducer will be described with reference to FIGS. 15 and 16.
[0004]
This eddy current type reduction device includes a drum-shaped braking rotor 2 coupled to a rotating shaft 1 such as a propeller shaft of a vehicle, and a stator attached to a fixed side of a transmission case or the like radially inward of the braking rotor 2. 4 (magnetic force source), and by supplying magnetism from the stator 4 to the rotor 2, an eddy current is generated in the rotor 2 to decelerate and brake the rotating shaft 1 and shield the magnetism in the stator 4 to decelerate and brake. Is to cancel.
[0005]
The stator 4 is supported on the fixed side, and includes an annular casing 3 made of a nonmagnetic material such as aluminum, a magnet ring 5 accommodated in the annular casing 3 so as to be rotatable in the circumferential direction of the brake rotor 2, and a magnet ring 5. And an actuator 7 (for example, an air cylinder). The annular casing 3 has a two-divided structure of one side 3 a that integrally includes the actuator 7 and the other side 3 b that supports the magnet ring 5.
[0006]
The magnet ring 5 includes a support ring 6 made of a magnetic material, and a plurality of permanent magnets 8 arranged on the outer periphery of the support ring 6 at intervals in the circumferential direction. Each permanent magnet 8 has a magnetic pole surface at both ends in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 1, and is set so that the polarity on the radially outer side (or radially inner side) is different from that of the permanent magnet 8 adjacent in the circumferential direction.
[0007]
A plurality of pole pieces 9 (magnetic members) made of a ferromagnetic material or a soft magnetic material are provided at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral portion of the annular casing 3, and aluminum or the like is provided between the pole pieces 9. A nonmagnetic member 10 made of a nonmagnetic material is provided. That is, the outer peripheral wall of the annular casing 3 is composed of the pole piece 9 and the nonmagnetic member 10. The circumferential length of the pole piece 9 is substantially equal to the circumferential length of the permanent magnet 8, and the circumferential length of the nonmagnetic member 10 is shorter than the circumferential length of the pole piece 9 and the permanent magnet 8.
[0008]
When the deceleration braking of this eddy current type reduction device is turned off, the magnet ring 5 is rotated by the air cylinder 7 so that each permanent magnet 8 of the magnet ring 5 has two pole pieces as shown in FIG. It is located between 9,9. In other words, each permanent magnet 8 is opposed to the nonmagnetic member 10. Then, a short circuit magnetic circuit w <b> 1 is formed between the two adjacent permanent magnets 8, the pole piece 9 and the support ring 6. Therefore, no magnetism acts on the braking rotor 2 and no eddy current is generated. That is, deceleration braking does not occur.
[0009]
On the other hand, when the deceleration braking is turned on, the magnet ring 5 is rotated so that each permanent magnet 8 of the magnet ring 5 faces the pole piece 9 as shown in FIG. Then, a magnetic circuit w <b> 2 is formed between the two adjacent permanent magnets 8, 8, the two pole pieces 9, 9 opposed to the permanent magnets 8, the support ring 6, and the braking drum 2. . As a result, an eddy current is generated in the braking drum 2 and a braking force is applied.
[0010]
Thus, the eddy current type reduction gears in which a plurality of pole pieces 9 made of a magnetic material are provided in the annular casing 3 made of a non-magnetic material are also described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 and the like.
[0011]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-1-298948
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-14782
[Patent Document 3]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-83571
[0012]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in such an eddy current type speed reducer, it is general that the pole piece 9 is cast and integrally manufactured when the aluminum casing 3 is cast. That is, the annular casing 3 and the nonmagnetic member 10 are made the same member, and the annular casing 3 and the nonmagnetic member 10 and the pole piece 9 are manufactured integrally.
[0013]
However, as a result, there is a problem that the mold becomes large and the manufacturing cost increases.
[0014]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems and provide an eddy current type reduction gear having a low manufacturing cost.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a braking rotor coupled to a rotating shaft, an annular casing made of a nonmagnetic material and mounted on a fixed side so as to face the braking rotor, and the braking rotor of the annular casing. An eddy current reduction device comprising a plurality of magnetic members arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the braking rotor, and a non-magnetic member arranged between the magnetic members. The annular casing, the magnetic member, and the nonmagnetic member are formed separately, and the magnetic member and the nonmagnetic member are alternately arranged and assembled to the annular casing.
[0016]
Here, the brake rotor has a drum shape, the annular casing is disposed radially inward or radially outward of the brake rotor, and the magnetic member and the non-magnetic member are arranged on the outer periphery of the annular casing. It may be provided in the part or the inner peripheral part.
[0017]
The brake rotor may be disc-shaped, the annular casing may be disposed on a side of the brake rotor, and the magnetic member and the nonmagnetic member may be provided on a side portion of the annular casing. good.
[0018]
Moreover, you may form the convex part or recessed part which can be mutually engaged in the circumferential direction both ends of the said magnetic body member and the said nonmagnetic body member, respectively.
[0019]
The non-magnetic member has a shape in which the size on the front side in the assembling direction when assembled to the annular casing is equal to or smaller than the size on the rear side in the assembling direction, and the plurality of magnetic bodies are mounted on the annular casing. After the members are assembled at intervals in the circumferential direction, the non-magnetic member may be inserted between the magnetic members and assembled.
[0020]
The magnetic member may be a laminate of electromagnetic steel sheets.
[0021]
Further, the present invention provides a braking rotor coupled to a rotating shaft, an annular casing made of a non-magnetic material and mounted on a fixed side so as to face the braking rotor, and a portion of the annular casing facing the braking rotor. An eddy current type speed reducer comprising a ring-shaped magnetic member having a plurality of thick and thin portions alternately formed in the circumferential direction of the braking rotor, wherein the magnetic member is A plurality of divided members are formed in the direction, and the divided members are connected in the circumferential direction to form a ring shape.
[0022]
Here, the brake rotor has a drum shape, the annular casing is disposed radially inward or radially outward of the brake rotor, and the magnetic member is an outer peripheral portion or an inner peripheral portion of the annular casing. May be provided.
[0023]
The brake rotor may be disk-shaped, the annular casing may be disposed on the side of the brake rotor, and the magnetic member may be provided on a side portion of the annular casing.
[0024]
Further, each of the divided members may have a plurality of thick portions and / or thin portions.
[0025]
Moreover, you may form the convex part or recessed part which can be mutually engaged in the circumferential direction both ends of each said division member, respectively.
[0026]
The magnetic member may be a laminate of electromagnetic steel sheets.
[0027]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0028]
FIG. 1 is a partial front sectional view of an eddy current reduction device according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the stator. Since the basic configuration of the eddy current type reduction gear of this embodiment is the same as that shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.
[0029]
The feature of the eddy current type speed reducer of this embodiment is that the annular casing 3, the pole piece 9 (magnetic member), and the nonmagnetic member 10 are formed separately, and the pole piece 9 and the nonmagnetic member are formed separately. 10 are alternately arranged and assembled to the outer peripheral portion of the annular casing 3.
[0030]
More specifically, a gap is formed in the outer circumferential portion of the annular casing 3 over the entire circumferential direction, and the pole pieces 9 and the nonmagnetic members 10 are alternately arranged and assembled in the gap. The annular casing 3 of the present embodiment has a two-part structure of one side 3a integrally including the actuator 7 and the other side 3b that supports the magnet ring 5, and the one side 3a and the other side 3b. Are connected to each other, voids are formed in the outer peripheral portions thereof.
[0031]
As shown in FIG. 1, convex portions 11 or concave portions 12 that can be engaged with each other are formed at both ends in the circumferential direction of the pole piece 9 and the nonmagnetic member 10, respectively. By engaging with each other, the pole piece 9 and the nonmagnetic member 10 can be connected in the circumferential direction. That is, convex portions 11 are formed at both ends in the circumferential direction of the pole piece 9 of the present embodiment so as to protrude from the substantially central portion in the radial direction to the outer side in the circumferential direction, and at both circumferential ends of the nonmagnetic member 10. A concave portion 12 is formed which is recessed in substantially the same shape as the convex portion 11 of the pole piece 9 from the substantially central portion in the radial direction. By inserting the convex portion 11 of the pole piece 9 into the concave portion 12 of the nonmagnetic member 10, the pole piece 9 and the nonmagnetic member 10 can be connected in the circumferential direction. In the present embodiment, the concave portion 12 of the nonmagnetic member 10 is formed slightly smaller than the convex portion 11 of the pole piece 9, and the convex portion 11 of the pole piece 9 is press-fitted into the concave portion 12 of the nonmagnetic member 10. It is like that. Therefore, the pole piece 9 and the nonmagnetic member 10 can be connected relatively firmly. An appropriate sealant or adhesive (for example, Loctite) is provided between each pole piece 9 and the nonmagnetic member 10 so that the permanent magnet 8 accommodated in the annular casing 3 can be protected from water or the like. It has become.
[0032]
As shown in FIG. 2, engaging projections 13 projecting inward in the axial direction are formed on the radially inner portion of the portion forming the side of the air gap in the annular casing 3, respectively. Engagement projections 14 projecting outward in the axial direction are formed on the radially outer portions of both end portions in the axial direction of the body member 10 (both left and right ends in the figure). In FIG. 2, only the engaging protrusion 14 of the pole piece 9 is shown, but the engaging protrusion of the nonmagnetic member 10 has the same shape as the engaging protrusion 14 of the pole piece 9. When the pole piece 9 and the nonmagnetic member 10 are assembled in the gap of the annular casing 3, the engagement protrusion 13 of the annular casing 3 and the engagement protrusion 14 of the pole piece 9 and the nonmagnetic member 10 are engaged, The pole piece 9 and the nonmagnetic member 10 are prevented from falling into the annular casing 3.
[0033]
The pole piece 9 and the nonmagnetic member 10 are integrally fixed to the annular casing 3 by through bolts 15. In this embodiment, since the pole piece 9 and the nonmagnetic member 10 are connected in the circumferential direction by the convex portion 11 and the concave portion 12, only one of the pole piece 9 and the nonmagnetic member 10 is passed through. You may make it fix with the volt | bolt 15. FIG. Moreover, it is preferable that the through bolt 15 for fixing the nonmagnetic member 10 is made of a nonmagnetic material, and the through bolt 15 for fixing the pole piece 9 is made of a magnetic material.
[0034]
An example of the assembling method of the eddy current type speed reducer will be described. First, the pole pieces 9 and the nonmagnetic members 10 are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction and connected to be assembled in a ring shape. The ring body is assembled to the one side portion 3a of the annular casing 3 from the side. At this time, the shape of the ring body may be held using a jig or the like. Thereafter, the other side portion 3b of the annular casing 3 is assembled from the side with respect to the one side portion 3a and the ring body, and the one side portion 3a, the ring body, and the other side portion 3b are integrally fixed by the through bolts 15. To do.
[0035]
Thus, in the eddy current type speed reducer according to the present embodiment, the annular casing 3, the pole piece 9, and the nonmagnetic member 10 are formed separately, so that the mold used for manufacturing the annular casing 3 is used. Can be reduced in size as compared with the prior art, and productivity and manufacturing cost are improved.
[0036]
Various modifications can be considered for the shapes of the pole piece 9 and the non-magnetic member 10. 3 to 5 show modifications of the pole piece 9 and the nonmagnetic member 10.
[0037]
In the example of FIG. 3A, convex portions 17 having substantially the same shape as the convex portions 11 of the pole piece 9 shown in FIG. 1 are formed at both circumferential ends of the nonmagnetic member 10. Concave portions 18 having substantially the same shape as the convex portions 17 are formed at both ends in the direction.
[0038]
In the example of FIG. 3B, a pole-shaped convex portion 19 that gradually protrudes in the circumferential direction from the both ends in the radial direction toward the central portion in the radial direction is formed at both ends in the circumferential direction of the pole piece 9. Concave portions 20 having substantially the same shape as the convex portions 19 are formed at both ends in the circumferential direction of the member 10.
[0039]
In the example of FIG. 3C, convex portions 21 having substantially the same shape as the convex portions 19 shown in FIG. Concave portions 22 that are recessed in substantially the same shape as the convex portions 21 are formed at both ends.
[0040]
In the example of FIG. 3D, a taper portion 23 that gradually protrudes in the circumferential direction from the radially inner end portion toward the radially outer side at both ends in the circumferential direction of the nonmagnetic member 10, and a continuous taper portion 23. The projecting portion 26 having a top portion 24 formed in the circumferential direction and an engaging portion 25 continuously formed in the top portion 24 and extending in the circumferential direction is formed, and both end portions in the circumferential direction of the pole piece 9 are formed. In addition, a concave portion 27 having a substantially the same shape as the convex portion 26 and recessed is formed.
[0041]
In the example of FIG. 4A, convex portions 28 protruding in an inverted W shape are formed at both circumferential ends of the pole piece 9, and are substantially the same shape as the convex portions 28 at both circumferential ends of the nonmagnetic member 10. A recessed recess 29 is formed.
[0042]
In the example of FIG. 4B, a first taper portion 30 that gradually protrudes in the circumferential direction from the radially inner end portion toward the radially outer side at both circumferential end portions of the pole piece 9 and the first tapered portion 30. And a second taper portion 32 continuously formed in the top portion 31 and continuously projecting in the circumferential direction from the radially outer end portion toward the top portion 31. The convex part 33 which has it, and the recessed part 34 hollow in the substantially same shape as the convex part 33 in the circumferential direction both ends of the nonmagnetic material member 10 is formed.
[0043]
In the example of FIG. 4C, convex portions 35 having substantially the same shape as the convex portions 33 shown in FIG. 4B are formed at both ends in the circumferential direction of the nonmagnetic member 10. Concave portions 36 having substantially the same shape as the convex portions 35 and recessed at both ends are formed.
[0044]
In the example of FIG. 4D, two convex portions 37 a and 37 b are formed at both ends in the circumferential direction of the pole piece 9 so as to be spaced apart in the radial direction, and both end portions in the circumferential direction of the nonmagnetic member 10 are formed. Further, two concave portions 38a, 38b having the same shape as the convex portions 37a, 37b are formed.
[0045]
In the example of FIG. 5A, convex portions 39a and 39b having substantially the same shape as the convex portions 37a and 37b shown in FIG. 9 are formed with concave portions 40a and 40b which are recessed in substantially the same shape as the convex portions 39a and 39b at both ends in the circumferential direction.
[0046]
In the example of FIG. 5B, convex portions 41 projecting in a semicircular shape from a substantially central portion in the radial direction are formed at both ends in the circumferential direction of the pole piece 9, and convex at both circumferential ends of the nonmagnetic member 10. A recessed portion 42 is formed which is substantially the same shape as the portion 41 and is recessed.
[0047]
In the example shown in FIG. 5C, convex portions 43 having substantially the same shape as the convex portions 41 shown in FIG. Concave portions 44 having substantially the same shape as the convex portions 43 are formed at both ends.
[0048]
Various other modifications can be considered for the present invention.
[0049]
For example, each pole piece 9 may be an integrally molded product or may have a structure in which a large number of electromagnetic steel plates are laminated. The laminated body of electromagnetic steel sheets has advantages such as easy flow of magnetic flux in the circumferential direction and low manufacturing cost. When the pole piece 9 is formed of a laminated body of electromagnetic steel plates, a waterproofing agent having heat resistance may be applied to the outer surface of the overlapping portion of the electromagnetic steel plates to improve water resistance.
[0050]
Moreover, although the said embodiment demonstrated the type provided with the one magnet ring 5 provided in the inside of the annular casing 3 so that rotation in the circumferential direction was possible, this invention is a magnet ring in the inside of an annular casing. The present invention can also be applied to a type that is movable in the axial direction (see, for example, Patent Document 2). Moreover, it is applicable also to the type which accommodated two magnet rings in the inside of the annular casing.
[0051]
Moreover, it is applicable also to the type which makes a magnet ring fixed and rotates an annular casing in the circumferential direction.
[0052]
Further, the present invention can also be applied to a type in which the annular casing 3 is disposed radially outward of the braking rotor 2. In that case, the pole piece 9 and the non-magnetic member 10 are provided on the inner peripheral portion of the annular casing 3.
[0053]
Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the present invention can also be applied to an eddy current type speed reducer in which the braking rotor 2 has a disk shape. In this case, the annular casing 3 is disposed on the side of the braking rotor 2 so as to face the braking rotor 2, and the pole piece 9 and the nonmagnetic member 10 are provided on the side portion of the annular casing 3. When applied to an eddy current type speed reducer equipped with a disk-like braking rotor 2, a thin plate made of a non-magnetic material may be attached so as to cover the side portions of the pole piece 9 and the non-magnetic material member 10. Although FIG. 6 shows a type in which two disk-shaped braking rotors 2 are provided, it is needless to say that the invention can also be applied to a type having only one braking rotor 2.
[0054]
Now, in this way, the eddy current type speed reducer of the present embodiment is intended to reduce the manufacturing cost by making the pole piece 9, the non-magnetic member 10, and the annular casing 3 as separate parts. By making the shape of the connecting portion between the pole piece 9 and the non-magnetic member 10 appropriate, it is possible to obtain a further effect that the assembly of the eddy current type speed reducer is facilitated. Hereinafter, this point will be described.
[0055]
First, in the eddy current type speed reducer in which the pole piece 9 is cast in the aluminum annular casing 3 as in the prior art, as shown in FIG. 15, one side 3a and the other side 3b of the annular casing 3 are After being connected to each other, if each permanent magnet 8 is to be magnetized from the outside of the annular casing 3, a nonmagnetic region formed so as to surround the outside of each pole piece 9 (the nonmagnetic member 10 and the annular casing 3). Current flows to generate a repulsive magnetic field against the magnetized magnetic field. For this reason, there is a possibility that sufficient magnetization cannot be performed.
[0056]
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, after magnetizing each permanent magnet 8, if one side 3 a and the other side 3 b of the annular casing 3 are to be connected, the permanent magnet 8 is interposed between the pole piece 9. There is a problem that the one side portion 3a is deformed by the working suction force. For these reasons, it is difficult to assemble the eddy current type speed reducer in which the pole piece 9 is cast in the aluminum annular casing 3.
[0057]
On the other hand, in the eddy current type reduction gear of the present embodiment in which the pole piece 9, the nonmagnetic member 10 and the annular casing 3 are formed separately, after assembling only the pole piece 9 to the annular casing 3, By making the non-magnetic member 10 into a shape that can be inserted between the pole pieces 9, the assemblability can be improved.
[0058]
A specific assembling method will be described. First, the magnet ring 5 including the permanent magnets 8 before magnetization is attached to the other side part 3b, and the other side part 3b and the one side part 3a are connected to form the annular casing 3. It forms (refer Fig.8 (a)). Next, as shown in FIG. 8 (b), only the pole pieces 9 are assembled in the gap in the outer peripheral portion of the annular casing 3 at intervals in the circumferential direction. In this state, each permanent magnet 8 is magnetized from the outside of the annular casing 3. At this time, an air layer is formed between the pole pieces 9, so that no current flows around the pole pieces 9, and no repulsive magnetic field as described above is generated. Therefore, good magnetization can be performed. Thereafter, by inserting and assembling the non-magnetic member 10 between the pole pieces 9, it is possible to assemble an eddy current type speed reducer as shown in FIGS. Therefore, the permanent magnet 8 can be easily magnetized and the eddy current reduction device can be easily assembled.
[0059]
As described above, in order to improve the assembly workability, the shape of the connecting portion between the pole piece 9 and the non-magnetic member 10 is set so that the non-magnetic member 10 is attached to each pole piece after the pole piece 9 is assembled. The shape needs to be inserted between the nine. Hereinafter, an example of such a shape will be described with reference to FIG.
[0060]
First, in the example shown in FIG. 9A, convex portions 50 projecting outward in the circumferential direction are formed at the radially inner ends of both end portions in the circumferential direction of the pole piece 9, and both circumferential ends of the nonmagnetic member 10 are formed. The concave portion 51 is formed in the radially inner end portion of the portion in the same shape as the convex portion 50 and is recessed. With this shape, after the pole piece 9 is assembled to the annular casing 3, the nonmagnetic member 10 can be inserted between the pole pieces 9 from the outside in the radial direction of the annular casing 3.
[0061]
In the example of FIG. 9B, convex portions 52 projecting in a taper shape outward in the circumferential direction are formed at the radially inner end portions of both end portions in the circumferential direction of the pole piece 9, and both circumferential ends of the nonmagnetic member 10 are formed. A concave portion 53 that is recessed in substantially the same shape as the convex portion 52 is formed at the radially inner end of the portion.
[0062]
The example of FIG.9 (c) forms the convex part 54 which protruded in the circumferential direction outer side at the radial direction inner side edge part of the circumferential direction both ends of the pole piece 9, and the circumferential direction length of the nonmagnetic material member 10 is formed. When the non-magnetic member 10 is engaged with the convex portion 54 of the pole piece 9, the radial length is set to a length that engages with the convex portion 54 of two adjacent pole pieces 9. The length of the portion is substantially equal to the radially outer end of the pole piece 9. That is, in this embodiment, the radial length of the nonmagnetic member 10 is shorter than the radial length of the pole piece 9.
[0063]
In the example of FIG. 9D, a convex portion 55 projecting outward in the circumferential direction is formed at the radial intermediate portion of both end portions in the circumferential direction of the pole piece 9, and the circumferential length of the non-magnetic member 10 is set adjacently. When the non-magnetic member 10 is engaged with the convex portion 55 of the pole piece 9, the radial length is set to a length that engages with the convex portion 55 of the two pole pieces 9. The length of the pole piece 9 is substantially the same as the radially outer end of the pole piece 9.
[0064]
9A to 9D, after the pole piece 9 is assembled to the annular casing 3, the non-magnetic member 10 is inserted between the pole pieces 9 from the radially outer side of the annular casing 3. Is possible. Thus, in order to enable the non-magnetic member 10 to be assembled later, the circumferential length and the axial length of the non-magnetic member 10 on the front side in the assembling direction (the radially inner side of the annular casing 3). Must be equal to or shorter than the length on the rear side in the assembly direction.
[0065]
Here, in the example of FIGS. 9A to 9D, since the connecting force in the circumferential direction between each pole piece 9 and the nonmagnetic member 10 is relatively weak, the pole piece 9 and the nonmagnetic member 10. Both are preferably fixed to the annular casing 3 by through bolts 15. In addition, you may make it improve the connection force by fixing the connection part of each pole piece 9 and the nonmagnetic material member 10 with an adhesive agent.
[0066]
Still another embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0067]
The embodiment to be described below has been filed by the present inventor and applied to an eddy current type speed reducer of the type described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-236655. As shown in FIG. 10, a plurality of the eddy current type speed reducers are alternately formed in the circumferential direction of the braking rotor 2 in a portion (the outer peripheral portion in the example of FIG. 10) facing the braking rotor 2 of the annular casing 3. A ring-shaped magnetic member 57 having a thick portion 58 and a thin portion 59 is provided. The magnetic member 57 is made of a soft magnetic material or a ferromagnetic material, and the thick portion 58 has the same function as the pole piece 9 in the embodiment shown in FIGS. An air layer exists outside the thin portion 59 in the radial direction, and this air layer has the same function as the nonmagnetic member 10 in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
[0068]
In the embodiment applied to this eddy current type speed reducer, as shown in FIG. 11, the magnetic member 57 is divided into a plurality of parts in the circumferential direction, and the divided members 57 ′ are connected to each other in the circumferential direction. It is a ring. In the form shown in FIG. 11, each divided member 57 ′ has one thick portion 58 and one thin portion 59. Further, convex portions or concave portions that can be engaged with each other are formed at both ends in the circumferential direction of each divided member 57 ′. That is, at one end in the circumferential direction (the end on the thin portion 59 side) of the split member 57 ′, a convex portion 60 that is formed continuously with the thin portion 59 and has the same shape as the thin portion 59 and protrudes outward in the circumferential direction. A concave portion 61 is formed in the radially intermediate portion of the other circumferential end portion of the divided member 57 ′ that is substantially the same shape as the convex portion 60 and is recessed. By engaging the convex portion 60 of the split member 57 ′ with the concave portion 61 of the other split member 57 ′, the split member 57 ′ can be connected in the circumferential direction. The connecting portion of each divided member 57 ′ may be fixed with an adhesive or welded.
[0069]
Also in this embodiment, since the mold used for manufacturing each divided member 57 ′ becomes small, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. That is, when the ring-shaped magnetic member 57 is an integrally molded product, the mold used for manufacturing the magnetic member 57 is enlarged and the manufacturing cost is increased, but the magnetic member 57 is divided in the circumferential direction. The increase in mold size and production cost is avoided.
[0070]
A modification of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
[0071]
In the example shown in FIG. 12A, the thin portion 59, the convex portion 60, and the concave portion 61 are formed at the radially inner end portion of the dividing member 57 ′.
[0072]
In the example shown in FIG. 12B, a rib 62 projecting outward in the circumferential direction is formed at the radial intermediate portion of the other circumferential end (the thick portion 58 side) of each divided member 57 ′. The concave portion 61 is formed from the thick portion 58 to the thick portion 58.
[0073]
In the example shown in FIG. 12C, the convex portion 60 is tapered so as to expand toward the tip side, and the concave portion 61 is recessed in the same shape as the convex portion 60. In this example, the convex portion 60 of each divided member 57 ′ is inserted into the concave portion 61 from the axial direction of the braking rotor 2 (back and front direction on the paper surface). In this example, after each divided member 57 ′ is connected in the circumferential direction, it is possible to prevent the divided members 57 ′ from being displaced in the circumferential direction.
[0074]
In the example shown in FIG. 12D, each divided member 57 ′ includes two thick portions 58 and 58 and thin portions 59 and 59. Thus, each division member 57 ′ may include a plurality of thick portions 58 and / or thin portions 59.
[0075]
Here, as shown in FIG. 13, at least the thin-walled portion 59 may be embedded with a rod-shaped reinforcing member 64 to improve the strength of the thin-walled portion 59. The cross-sectional shape of the reinforcing member 64 is not limited to a circle, and may be a square or the like. Further, the number of reinforcing members 64 may be one or plural. Further, the reinforcing member 64 may be provided inside the thick portion 58, or a plurality of reinforcing members 64 may be provided by being divided in the circumferential direction. Further, the reinforcing member 64 embedded in the thin portion 59 is preferably formed of a nonmagnetic material.
[0076]
In this embodiment, each divided member 57 ′ may be an integrally molded product, or may have a structure in which a large number of electromagnetic steel plates 65 are laminated as shown in FIG. In the case where the split member 57 ′ is composed of a laminated body of electromagnetic steel plates 65, a waterproofing agent having heat resistance may be applied to the outer surface of the overlapping portion of the electromagnetic steel plates 65 to improve water resistance.
[0077]
In addition, FIG. 10 shows a type including the drum-like braking rotor 2, but this embodiment can also be applied to a type including the disc-like braking rotor 2 as shown in FIG. 6. In this case, the annular casing 3 is disposed on the side of the braking rotor 2 so as to face the braking rotor 2, and the magnetic member 57 is provided on the side of the annular casing 3.
[0078]
【The invention's effect】
In short, according to the present invention, the excellent effect that the manufacturing cost can be reduced is exhibited.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partially enlarged front sectional view of an eddy current reduction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a side cross-sectional view of a stator of the eddy current reduction device of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 3A is a partial front sectional view showing a modification of the pole piece and the non-magnetic member.
(B) is a partial front sectional view showing a modification of the pole piece and the non-magnetic member.
(C) is a partial front sectional view showing a modification of the pole piece and the non-magnetic member.
(D) is a partial front sectional view showing a modification of the pole piece and the non-magnetic member.
FIG. 4A is a partial front sectional view showing a modification of the pole piece and the non-magnetic member.
(B) is a partial front sectional view showing a modification of the pole piece and the non-magnetic member.
(C) is a partial front sectional view showing a modification of the pole piece and the non-magnetic member.
(D) is a partial front sectional view showing a modification of the pole piece and the non-magnetic member.
FIG. 5A is a partial front sectional view showing a modification of the pole piece and the non-magnetic member.
(B) is a partial front sectional view showing a modification of the pole piece and the non-magnetic member.
(C) is a partial front sectional view showing a modification of the pole piece and the non-magnetic member.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional side view of the upper half of the eddy current type speed reducer provided with a disk-like braking rotor.
FIG. 7 is a partial side sectional view for explaining assembly of the eddy current type reduction gear.
FIG. 8A is a partial side cross-sectional view illustrating assembly of an eddy current type speed reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
(B) is a fragmentary front sectional view explaining the assembly of the eddy current type speed reducer according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9A is a partial front sectional view showing a modification of the pole piece and the non-magnetic member.
(B) is a partial front sectional view showing a modification of the pole piece and the non-magnetic member.
(C) is a partial front sectional view showing a modification of the pole piece and the non-magnetic member.
(D) is a partial front sectional view showing a modification of the pole piece and the non-magnetic member.
FIG. 10 is a partial front sectional view of an eddy current type speed reducer previously filed by the present inventor.
11 is a partial front cross-sectional view showing an example in which the present invention is applied to the eddy current type speed reducer of FIG.
FIG. 12A is a partial front sectional view showing a modified example of the dividing member.
(B) is a fragmentary front sectional view which shows the modification of a division member.
(C) is a fragmentary front sectional view which shows the modification of a division member.
(D) is a partial front sectional view showing a modified example of the divided member.
FIG. 13 is a partial side sectional view of a split member.
FIG. 14 is a partial perspective view of a split member made of a laminate of electromagnetic steel sheets.
FIG. 15 is a side sectional view of the upper half of a conventional eddy current reduction device.
16 (a) is a partial front cross-sectional view of the eddy current type speed reducer of FIG. 15 and shows a state when braking is off. FIG.
(B) is a partial front sectional view of the eddy current type speed reducer of FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Rotating shaft
2 Brake drum
3 Annular casing
8 Permanent magnet
9 Magnetic material (pole piece)
10 Non-magnetic material
57 Magnetic material
57 'split member

Claims

A brake rotor coupled to the rotating shaft, an annular casing made of a non-magnetic material and mounted on the fixed side so as to face the brake rotor, and a portion of the annular casing facing the brake rotor, An eddy current reduction device comprising a plurality of magnetic members arranged at intervals in a direction and a non-magnetic member arranged between the magnetic members,
The annular casing, the magnetic member, and the non-magnetic member are formed separately, and the magnetic member and the non-magnetic member are alternately arranged and assembled to the annular casing. .

The brake rotor has a drum shape, the annular casing is disposed radially inward or radially outward of the brake rotor, and the magnetic member and the non-magnetic member are arranged at an outer peripheral portion or an inner portion of the annular casing. The eddy current type speed reducer according to claim 1, which is provided at a peripheral portion.

2. The vortex according to claim 1, wherein the brake rotor is disk-shaped, the annular casing is disposed on a side of the brake rotor, and the magnetic member and the nonmagnetic member are provided on a side portion of the annular casing. Current type speed reducer.

The eddy current type speed reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein convex portions or concave portions that can be engaged with each other are formed at both ends in the circumferential direction of the magnetic member and the non-magnetic member, respectively.

The non-magnetic member has a shape in which the size of the front side in the assembly direction when assembled to the annular casing is equal to or smaller than the rear side in the assembly direction, and the plurality of magnetic members are attached to the annular casing. The eddy current reduction device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the non-magnetic member can be assembled by being inserted between the magnetic members after being assembled at intervals in the circumferential direction.

The eddy current reduction device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the magnetic member is made of a laminate of electromagnetic steel sheets.

A braking rotor coupled to a rotating shaft; an annular casing made of a non-magnetic material and mounted on a fixed side facing the braking rotor; and a portion of the annular casing facing the braking rotor; An eddy current reduction device comprising a ring-shaped magnetic body member having a plurality of thick portions and thin portions alternately formed in the circumferential direction,
An eddy current type speed reducer characterized in that the magnetic member is divided into a plurality of parts in the circumferential direction, and the divided members are connected to each other in the circumferential direction to form a ring shape.

The brake rotor has a drum shape, the annular casing is disposed radially inward or radially outward of the brake rotor, and the magnetic member is provided on an outer peripheral portion or an inner peripheral portion of the annular casing. The eddy current type speed reducer according to claim 7.

8. The eddy current reduction device according to claim 7, wherein the brake rotor is disk-shaped, the annular casing is disposed on a side of the brake rotor, and the magnetic member is provided on a side portion of the annular casing.

The eddy current reduction device according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein each of the divided members has a plurality of thick portions and / or thin portions.

The eddy current type reduction gear according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein convex portions or concave portions that can be engaged with each other are formed at both circumferential ends of each of the divided members.

The eddy current reduction device according to any one of claims 7 to 11, wherein the magnetic member is made of a laminate of electromagnetic steel sheets.