JP4210567B2 - nut - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a nut used as a connector.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, nuts that can be fastened to bolts without rotating the nuts are known as nuts used as connecting members between members. For example, nuts having a structure shown in FIGS. 11 to 14 are known.

  The nut 101 shown in FIGS. 11 to 14 is formed with a tapered hole 102 having a rear diameter enlarged inside and an insertion port 103 on the front side, and a sliding guide along the axial direction on the inner surface of the tapered hole 102. A plurality of casings 105 formed by dividing the ridge 104 in the circumferential direction, and an outer surface formed on a tapered surface along the tapered hole 102 and an internal thread 106 formed on the inner surface, between the sliding guide ridges 104, A wedge-shaped female locking member 107 interposed so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and compression for biasing the female locking member 107 to the small diameter insertion port 103 side of the tapered hole 102 via a spring receiver 108 A spring 109 and a lid 110 are included.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 14, the nut 101 is inserted into the bolt 111 which is a male screw body from the insertion port 103 without rotating, so that the female screw 106 of the divided female locking member 107 is attached to the bolt 111. The female locking member 107 engages with the male screw 112 and moves to the larger diameter side against the compression spring 109, and the inner diameter of the female screw hole formed by the plurality of female locking members 107 is increased. Then, the nut 101 can be inserted to a predetermined position of the bolt 111, and when the insertion is completed, each female locking member 107 is moved forward by the biasing force of the compression spring 109, and the female screw 106 is moved to the male screw 112 of the bolt 111. The nut 101 can be fastened to the bolt 111 by meshing.

However, in the nut having the conventional structure, when the screw 111 is inserted into the bolt 111 as shown in FIG. 14, the female screw 106 of the female locking member 107 is finally threaded with the male screw 112 of the bolt 111. And a gap d may be generated between the front end surface 113 of the nut 101 and the connecting member 114. Therefore, after inserting the nut 101 through the bolt 111 without rotation, there is a problem that the nut 101 must be finally slightly rotated manually (about 1.5 rotations) in the tightening direction.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 55-48171

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to eliminate the gap with the connecting member as described above by simply inserting the nut through the bolt without rotation without manually rotating the nut at the end as in the prior art. It is an object of the present invention to provide a nut that can prevent the above-mentioned gap between connecting members from being easily connected and connected at a site where the nut cannot be manually tightened and rotated.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and the invention according to claim 1 is a taper in which an insertion part of a male screw body is formed in a casing, and a taper surface whose rearward diameter is increased outside the insertion part. A hole portion is formed, and a plurality of sliding guide ridges are provided on the tapered surface at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction of the tapered surface, and the female locking is provided between the adjacent sliding guide ridges. A member is disposed so as to be movable along the tapered surface, a female screw engaging with a male screw body to be inserted is formed on the inner surface of the female locking member, and the female locking member is further moved forward. Further, when the female locking member is moved rearward, the sliding guide protrusion is rotated in the loosening direction to move the female locking member forward. so as to rotate the direction tightening this during movement, also characterized in that provided obliquely with respect to the axis of the casing It is.

In the invention according to claim 2 , an insertion portion of the male screw body is formed in the casing, and one tapered hole portion having a tapered surface whose diameter is increased in the rear is formed outside the insertion portion. One female locking member is disposed in the tapered hole portion so as to be movable along the tapered surface, and a female screw engaging with a male screw body to be inserted is formed on the inner surface of the female locking member. Further, urging means for urging the female locking member forward is provided, and both side surfaces in the circumferential direction of the one tapered hole are moved rearward of the female locking member. It is provided with an inclination with respect to the axial center of the casing so that it can be rotated in the loosening direction and rotated in the tightening direction when the female locking member is moved forward. is there.

The invention according to claim 3 forms an insertion portion of the male screw body in the casing, and forms a tapered hole portion having a tapered surface whose diameter increases in the rear on the outside of the insertion portion, A female locking member is disposed so as to be movable along the tapered surface, and a female screw engaging with a male screw body to be inserted is formed on the inner surface of the female locking member. An urging means for urging the stop member forward is provided, a guide groove is provided on the tapered surface, and a protrusion that slidably fits in the guide groove is provided on the female locking member, When the female locking member is moved backward, the guide groove is rotated in the loosening direction, and when the female locking member is moved forward, the casing shaft is rotated. It is characterized by being inclined with respect to the core.

  In the present invention, by inserting the male screw body into the nut, the female locking member is moved radially outward by the taper surface, and can be fitted and attached to the male screw body without rotating the nut.

  In addition, when the nut is mounted without rotation to the final position, the female locking member can be used when the female thread of the female locking member cannot get over the thread of the male screw body to be finally engaged. Automatically rotates in the tightening direction and tightens further. Therefore, it is possible to connect the nut and the connecting member without generating a gap only by fitting the nut to the male screw body without rotation.

  FIGS. 1 to 10 show a preferred embodiment. First, the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 will be described.

  The casing 2 constituting the nut 1 is formed in a cylindrical shape, for example, a cylindrical shape having a polygonal outer peripheral surface or a cylindrical shape having a circular outer peripheral surface. In the illustrated example, the outer surface is formed in a polygon.

  The casing 2 is formed with a male threaded body insertion portion 3 that opens on the front side (A side in the drawing) and the rear side (B side in the drawing), and has a tapered hole 3a formed on the outer periphery thereof. The opening on the front side is an insertion port 4. Further, the inner peripheral surface of the tapered hole portion 3a is formed as a tapered surface 5 whose inner diameter gradually increases from the front side (front) A to the rear side (rear) B.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of sliding guide protrusions 6 are fixed on the circumferential surface of the tapered hole portion 3a, that is, the tapered surface 5, with a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction. In the illustrated embodiment, three are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. As shown in the developed view of FIG. 2A, each sliding guide protrusion 6 has a longitudinal axis YY in the circumferential direction with respect to the axial center XX of the casing 2. Is inclined at a predetermined angle θ such that the rear side B is inclined in the tightening direction C of the casing 2 and the rear side B is inclined in the loosening direction D of the casing 2. This angle θ is set to about 15 to 20 degrees. Each of the sliding guide ridges 6 is formed as a ridge elongated in the axial direction of the casing 2, and both side surfaces 6 a and 6 b are also formed on surfaces inclined at the angle θ.

  By forming the sliding guide protrusion 6 as described above, a guide space 8 into which a female locking member 7 described later is fitted is formed between the sliding guide protrusions 6 and 6. Although the guide space 8 is shown in FIG. 2A, the tapered surface 5 of the tapered hole portion 3a is formed by reducing the diameter of the front side A. The circumferential length L1 of A is shorter than the circumferential length L2 of the rear side B, and the guide space 8 has a narrow tapered shape on the front side A.

  A female locking member 7 having a fan-like cross section and a wedge-like cross section is provided in the guide space 8 between the adjacent sliding guide protrusions 6 and 6 in the tapered hole portion 3a. -Slidably arranged in the Y direction. The female locking members 7 are respectively provided in three guide spaces 8 provided in the circumferential direction, and a total of three female locking members 7 are provided in the circumferential direction.

  The female locking member 7 is formed in a wedge shape whose circumferential length on the front side A is shorter than the circumferential length on the rear side. That is, the outer surface 7a is a taper surface along the axial direction of the taper surface 5 of the casing 2 and is formed as an arc surface centering on the axis of the casing 2, and both side surfaces 7b and 7c are formed in the casing. As described above, the two axial cores XX are inclined at an angle θ in the circumferential direction. Accordingly, one side surface 7b of the female locking member 7 is along one inclined side surface 6a of the adjacent one sliding guide protrusion 6, and the other side surface 7c of the female locking member 7 is adjacent. The other side surface 6b of the other sliding guide protrusion 6 is inclined.

  The side surfaces 6a and 6b of the sliding guide protrusion 6 and the side surfaces 7b and 7c of the female locking member 7 constitute guiding means for rotating the female locking member 7 in its loosening direction and tightening direction. Yes.

  Furthermore, on the inner peripheral surface of the female locking member 7, a female screw 7d is formed as a part of a helix centered on the axial center of the casing 2, and the plurality of three in the example shown in the figure. A female screw hole is formed by the female screw 7 d of the female locking member 7. Further, the female screw 7 d is formed so as to protrude inward from the peripheral edge of the insertion port 4 and the inner surface of the sliding guide protrusion 6.

  Each female locking member 7 has a rear end protruding rearward from the rear end of each sliding guide protrusion 6 as shown in FIG. 3, and is common to the rear end of each female locking member 7. A spring receiver 9 is arranged.

  A lid plate 10 having a bolt insertion hole 10a formed in the center is fixed to the rear end of the casing 2 by screws or screws, and a biasing means is provided between the lid 10 and the spring receiver 9. A certain spring 11 is interposed in a compressed state, and the urging force of the spring 11 always urges each female locking member 7 toward the front side A, that is, the insertion port 4 side.

  Next, the operation when screwing the nut 1 onto the bolt 12 which is a male screw body will be described.

  The nut 1 assembled as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 is opposed to the bolt 12 as shown in FIG. 3, and the nut 1 is not rotated so that the bolt 12 is inserted from the insertion port 4 without rotating the nut 1. 1 and the bolt 12 are moved relatively. In the state in which each female locking member 7 has advanced as shown in FIG. 3, the diameter of the female screw hole formed by these female screws 7 d is smaller than the diameter of the male screw 12 a of the bolt 12.

  When the bolt 12 is inserted into the nut 1 through the insertion port 4 from the state of FIG. 3, the male screw 12a portion of the bolt 12 engages with the female screw 7d of the female locking member 7, and each female locking member 7 is It is pushed and moved to the rear side B against the biasing force of the spring 11. By this movement, each female locking member 7 moves radially outward along the taper surfaces 5 and 7a, and the female screw hole formed by each of these female locking members 7 is expanded in diameter so that the bolt 12 Is inserted.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 3, each female locking member 7 has the inclined side surfaces 6 a and 6 b of the sliding guide protrusion 6 and the female locking member as the movement E toward the rear side (rear) B occurs. 7 is guided by the side surfaces 7b and 7c of the roller 7 and moved while being inclined in the F direction. As a result, the nut 1 is rotated in the loosening direction D side.

  As shown in FIG. 6, when the nut 1 is inserted without rotating until the front end surface 2 a of the casing 2 comes into contact with the connecting member 13, the female screw of the female locking member 7 is only inserted. When 7d is in a state where it cannot climb over the thread to be finally engaged with the male screw 12a of the bolt 12, each female locking member 7 is moved forward by the biasing force of the spring 11 as the biasing means. The nut 1 is automatically rotated in the tightening direction C and tightened by the return G and the guidance in the H direction by the side surfaces 6a, 6b and 7b, 7c, and the female screw 7d of the female locking member 7 is bolted. The twelve male threads 12a mesh with the threads to be finally meshed. As a result, no gap is generated between the nut 1 and the connecting member 13 and no play occurs.

  Therefore, since it is only necessary to fit the nut to the male screw body without rotation, the operation of rotating and tightening the nut as in the conventional case becomes unnecessary.

  When the tightening force of the nut 1 is further increased from the nut tightening operation as described above, each female locking member 7 is moved by rotating the nut 1 further in the tightening direction by manual operation or the like. Further, it can be rotated in the tightening direction to achieve strong tightening.

  Further, when removing the fastened nut 1, by rotating the nut 1 in the loosening direction D, the female locking members 7 are rotated in the loosening direction D by the sliding guide protrusions 6. The nut 1 can be removed from the bolt 12.

  In the above embodiment, three sliding guide ridges 6 and three female locking members 7 are provided, but these are not limited to three, and one or a plurality, a desired number, are provided. is there.

FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 show a second embodiment in which the sliding guide ridge 6 and the female locking member 7 are one.
In the second embodiment, the casing 32 constituting the nut 31 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a cylindrical insertion portion 33 for inserting the male screw body is formed in the axial direction therein. The insertion portion 33 is formed with a screwless surface. A part of the insertion portion 33 in the circumferential direction is formed with one storage chamber 34 that protrudes radially outward from the insertion portion 33. The tapered hole 34a formed in the front side of the storage chamber 34 is formed in a tapered surface 34b whose inner diameter gradually increases from the front end side to the rear side from the front end side to the rear side, and the inner periphery of the rear space 34c. A surface (a bottom surface in the radial direction) 34d is formed along the axial center, and this rear space 34c is formed in the spring accommodating portion. On the inner side of the rear portion of the casing 32, a female screw 36 is engraved over the inner peripheral surface of the rear portion of the insertion portion 33 and the storage chamber 34. An insertion opening 37 is formed at the tip of the insertion portion 33.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the cross-sectional shape of the one taper hole 34a is substantially fan-shaped, and both circumferential ends thereof correspond to the sliding guide protrusions 6 and 6 in the first embodiment. The sliding guide ridges 38 and 38 are provided. Side surfaces 38a and 38b of the sliding guide protrusions 38 and 38 are inclined in the same manner as the side surfaces 6a and 6b of the sliding guide protrusions 6 and 6 shown in FIG. That is, the side surfaces 38a and 38b of the sliding guide protrusions 38 and 38 are circumferential with respect to the axis XX of the casing 32, the front side A is in the tightening direction C side of the casing 32, and the rear side B is the casing 32. It is inclined at the same angle θ as in the previous embodiment so as to incline toward the loosening direction side D.

  In the taper hole 34a formed between the sliding guide protrusions 38, 38, there is one female locking member 39 having a fan-like cross section and a wedge-like cross section similar to the first embodiment. Has been placed. The outer surface 39a of the female locking member 39 is formed as a tapered surface along the tapered surface 34b, and the side surfaces 39b and 39c are formed as inclined surfaces along the side surfaces 38a and 38b.

  That is, the structures of the side surfaces 38a, 38b of the sliding guide protrusions 38, 38 and the female locking member 39 in the second embodiment are the same as the one female locking member 7 in the first embodiment. With the same structure as the side surfaces 6a and 6b of the sliding guide protrusions 6 and 6 to be guided, the female locking member 39 moves in the same manner as the female locking member 7 of the first embodiment. .

  A spring receiver 40 that engages with the female locking member 39 is disposed at the rear end of the female locking member 39.

  A lid plate 42 provided with a screw hole 41 is screwed to the female screw 36 at the rear of the casing 32. A spring 43 as a biasing means is interposed in the storage portion 34 in a compressed state between the spring receiver 40 and the cover plate 42, and the female locking member 39 is always moved forward by the biasing force of the spring 43. (Front) Energizing to A.

An anchor bar 44 is fixed to the cover plate 42 by being screwed into the screw hole 41.
The nut 31 and the anchor bar 44 are fixedly embedded in one connecting part, for example, a shield segment 45, which is a concrete member, so that the front end surface of the casing 32 is flush with the joint surface 45a of the shield segment 45. Is done.

  Reference numeral 50 denotes a male connecting member, and a connecting body 53 having an internal thread 52 engraved on the inner periphery thereof is fixed in a cylindrical elastic member 51, and a male locking member is formed at the tip of the connecting body 53. The base portion of the male screw body 54 is screwed. The male threaded body 54 protrudes further forward than the distal end surfaces of the elastic member 51 and the connecting body 53. Further, the diameter of the male screw 55 of the male screw body 54 is slightly larger than the diameter between the female screw 39d when the female locking member 39 is most advanced and the unthreaded surface 33a facing the female screw 39d. Is set to

An anchor bar 56 is screwed and fixed to the rear portion of the connecting body 53.
The male connecting member 50 and the anchor bar 56 are connected to the other connecting member, for example, the shield segment 57 which is a concrete member, and the elastic member 51 and the front end surface of the connecting body 53 are flush with the joining surface 57a of the shield segment 57. It is buried and fixed.

The operation of the second embodiment will be described.
When the male screw body 54 is inserted from the insertion port 37 of the nut 31 as shown in FIG. 7, the male screw body 54 moves the female locking member 39 rearward against the urging force of the spring 43, and the tapered surface 34b The insertion of the male screw body 54 is stopped when one shield segment 45 and the other shield segment 57 come into contact with each other while being pushed open. When the male screw body 54 is inserted, the female locking member 39 rotates in the loosening direction of the nut 31 as in the first embodiment, and when the male screw body 54 is stopped, the female locking member 39 is As in the first embodiment, the nut 31 automatically rotates in the loosening direction, and meshes with a thread to be finally engaged in the male screw 55 of the male screw body 54, as in the first embodiment.

For this reason, the shield segments 45 and 57 are connected so that there is no gap.
In addition, the anchor bar 44 as shown in FIG. 7 is attached to the cover plate 10 of the nut 1 of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, and the nut 1 is attached to the shield segment as in the second embodiment. In addition, the bolt 12 in the first embodiment may be used as the male screw body 54 of the second embodiment, and this may be attached to the shield segment as in the second embodiment.

9 and 10 show a third embodiment.
In the third embodiment, instead of the inclined sliding guide protrusion 6 and the inclined side surfaces 7b and 7c of the female locking member 7 constituting the guiding means of the female locking member in the first embodiment, As shown in FIG. 9, a guide groove 61 that is inclined with respect to the axial direction is formed on the tapered surface 5 of the casing 2, and slides on the guide groove 61 on the tapered outer surface 7 a of the female locking member 7. The guide means is configured by forming projections 62 and 62 which can be fitted.

  That is, when the female locking member 7 is fitted in the taper hole 3a and the protrusion 62 is fitted in the guide groove 61, the female locking member 7 rotates in the tightening direction when it moves forward A. However, when it moves to the rear B, it turns in the loosening direction. In the third embodiment, the side surface of the female locking member 7 is not formed on the inclined side surfaces 7b and 7c as in the first embodiment.

Since the other structure is the same as that of the first embodiment, the same parts as those described above are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.
In the third embodiment, the same operations and effects as those in the first embodiment can be exhibited.
The guiding means of the third embodiment may be applied to the second embodiment.

The disassembled perspective view of the components which show 1st Example of this invention. (A) is an expanded view which shows the sliding guide protrusion in FIG. 1, (b) is an inner surface figure of a female type | mold locking member. The figure which shows the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the assembly state of the nut in FIG. 1, and an external thread body. The rear view which removed the cover plate in the nut of FIG. FIG. 4 shows a female locking member in FIG. 3, (a) is a rear view, and (b) is a side view. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which meshed | engaged the nut and the external thread body from the state of FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows 2nd Example of this invention. JJ sectional view taken on the line in FIG. The disassembled perspective view of components which shows 2nd Example of this invention. The perspective view seen from the outer surface of the female locking member in FIG. The nut of a conventional structure is shown and it is a disassembled perspective view of components. The rear view which removed the cover plate in the assembly state of the nut shown in FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view in FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the state which meshed | engaged the nut of FIG. 12 with the external thread body.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Nut 2 Casing 3 Insertion part 3a Tapered hole part 4 Insertion port 5 Tapered surface 6 Sliding guide protrusion (guide means)
7 Female locking member 7d Female screw 11 Biasing means

Claims (3)

  A male threaded body insertion portion is formed in the casing, and a tapered hole portion having a tapered surface whose rear diameter is increased is formed outside the insertion portion, and a plurality of sliding guide protrusions are formed on the tapered surface. The female locking member is provided with an appropriate interval in the circumferential direction of the tapered surface, and a female locking member is disposed between the adjacent sliding guide protrusions so as to be movable along the tapered surface. On the inner surface of the member, a female screw that meshes with the male screw body to be inserted is engraved, and further, an urging means for urging the female locking member forward is provided. When the female locking member is moved backward, it is rotated in the loosening direction, and when the female locking member is moved forward, the female locking member is rotated in the tightening direction. A nut characterized by being inclined.   An insertion portion of the male screw body is formed in the casing, one tapered hole portion having a tapered surface whose diameter is increased on the rear side is formed outside the insertion portion, and one female hole is formed in the one tapered hole portion. A mold locking member is disposed so as to be movable along the tapered surface, and an internal thread engaging with a male screw body to be inserted is formed on the inner surface of the female mold locking member. There is provided an urging means for urging the member forward, and the both side surfaces in the circumferential direction of the one taper hole are rotated in the loosening direction when the female locking member is moved rearward. A nut provided with an inclination with respect to the axial center of the casing so that the female locking member is rotated in the tightening direction when moving forward.   Formed in the casing is an insertion portion for a male screw body, and outside the insertion portion is formed a tapered hole portion having a tapered surface whose diameter is increased in the rear, and the female locking member is formed on the tapered surface. A female screw engaging with a male screw body to be inserted is formed on the inner surface of the female locking member, and the female locking member is urged forward. A biasing means is provided, a guide groove is provided on the taper surface, a protrusion that is slidably fitted into the guide groove is provided on the female locking member, and the guide groove is provided on the female mold. Provided with an inclination with respect to the axial center of the casing so that the locking member is rotated in the loosening direction when moved backward, and is rotated in the tightening direction when the female locking member is moved forward. A nut characterized by that.

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