JP4187620B2 - A generator start / stop plan creation method and apparatus, and a recording medium for recording a processing program of the start / stop plan creation apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a plan creation method for starting and stopping a generator while satisfying an operation constraint condition of the generator, and more particularly to a generator start / stop plan creation method considering the power storage device, the apparatus, and the start / stop. The present invention relates to a recording medium for recording a processing program of a plan creation device.

  With the entry of new power generation companies due to the liberalization of the retail retailing of electric power for large consumers, the power supply companies are exposed to the competition for power trading. For this reason, suppliers must aim for economical system operation in order to obtain maximum profit.

Therefore, the generator start / stop plan (Unit Commitment, hereinafter referred to as UC) inevitably becomes an important problem. The UC problem is a problem in which an operation plan for each generator is determined so as to minimize the total cost in consideration of a number of constraints while supplying a predicted load planned in advance.
This problem is formulated as a mixed integer programming problem that includes a 0-1 variable representing the start and stop of the generator and a continuous variable representing the generator output, and is one of the most difficult problems to solve in the power system. ing.

In recent years, various technological developments for effective energy use have been actively conducted. Among them, power storage technology is an indispensable one.
Currently developed power storage technologies include pumped-storage generators, flywheels, superconducting coil power storage, NAS batteries, redox flow batteries, and compressed air storage gas turbine power generation systems.

  Such power storage technology has various scales and application ranges, such as pumped-storage power generation intended for load leveling, storage battery combined with on-site distributed power source, application of power storage device as a countermeasure against instantaneous voltage drop, automotive storage battery, etc. Over. Recently, energy storage systems (ESS) have been introduced to actual systems for the purpose of load leveling. Large-scale pumped-storage power generation and flywheels and small-scale systems are distributed near demand areas. There are batteries to be used. In addition, verification of output leveling with a power storage device in addition to wind power generation or solar power generation is also being conducted.

  In order for a supplier to operate a generator more economically than before, it is required to operate the above-described power storage device efficiently. For that purpose, it is indispensable to make a generator start / stop plan in consideration of the power storage device.

Non-Patent Documents 1 to 3 that assume only a thermal power generator are methods for the UC problem that have been reported so far.
Yoshikawa et al., “Method for preparing an operation plan for a thermal and pumped storage power plant”, IEEJ Transactions B, Volume 114, No. 12, pp. 1220-1226, 1994 MKCMarwali et al .; "Short Term Generation Scheduling in Photovoltaic-Utility Grid With Battery Storage", IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol.13, No.3, pp.1057-1062,1998. Senju et al., “Solutions to the Generator Start / Stop Planning Problem by Expanding the Priority List Method”, Proceedings of the IEEJ Power and Energy Division Annual Conference, pp. 331-337

  Non-Patent Document 1 proposes a method for creating an operation plan for thermal power and a pumped-storage generator, but the pumped-storage power generation facility is not formulated as a general power storage device, and this method can be applied to other power storage devices. Is difficult to apply. Moreover, since the proposed method is a method combining the priority list method and the dynamic programming method, there is a problem that the calculation time becomes long.

Non-Patent Document 2 proposes a procedure for creating an operation plan for charging and discharging a battery connected to a solar cell and a thermal power machine group. As a procedure, a feasible solution for minimizing the battery capacity is obtained assuming that the power from the solar cell can be predicted.
Next, the power supplied from the solar cell is subtracted from the demand power, and the operation plan of the thermal power machine is created for the remaining supply power.
Finally, the output of the thermal power plant is adjusted to minimize the operating cost of the thermal power plant by ELD (Economic Load Dispatch) calculation.
Thus, the operation plan creation work of the battery and the thermal power machine group is separated, and there is a problem that the optimization problem is not solved by considering the thermal power machine and the battery at the same time.

  The power demand that has been steadily increasing recently is directly related to the expansion of the scale of the power storage device, so it can be applied from a small-scale power storage device to a large-scale power storage device for planning. There is also a need for a planning method that can be applied flexibly.

  Therefore, the object of the present invention is to formulate a system composed of a power storage device including an inverter and an existing thermal power generator, or a system composed of pumped-storage power generation and a thermal power generator. It is intended to provide a method for determining a generator start / stop plan in consideration of the power storage device in a practical calculation time.

The first of the present invention is an electric power system in which a power storage device including a generator and an inverter is connected. The power system supplies a predicted load calculated in advance, and at the same time, given a number of constraints. In the generator start / stop plan using the extended priority list method that determines the operation plan of each generator so as to minimize the operation cost of the power system represented by the sum of the fuel cost and start-up cost in the period,
First determine the priority order of the generators that start and stop without considering the power storage device, determine the start and stop plan of the generator using the extended priority list method that repeats until the power supply and demand balance constraint is satisfied according to this order , Subsequently, the surplus of the generators operating near the bottom of the demand power is applied to the plan obtained without considering the power storage device by applying an algorithm for considering the power storage device including charging and discharging operations. The power storage device is charged with power, and when the lower limit power is not achieved at the end of charging, the operation state is corrected according to the priority order based on the extended priority list method .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the generator start / stop plan is selected from the generator start / stop plans obtained without considering the power storage device in order from the lowest total cost, and the plurality of generator start-ups are selected. It is characterized by applying an algorithm for power storage device consideration to the outage plan .

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the power storage device includes an inverter, and an algorithm for considering the power storage device is configured to charge / discharge the surplus power of the generator operating near the bottom of the load. Charge as much as possible while taking into consideration the constraints, operating reserve capacity constraints and inverter capacity constraints, and if the lower limit energy at the end of charging is not reached even after all charging, pay attention to the generator stopped near the bottom, These generators are corrected to operating states in the order of priority list .

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the algorithm for considering the power storage device is a power storage device that actively considers charging / discharging constraints, operating reserve capacity constraints, and inverter capacity constraints of the power storage device during a load beak time period. Power is supplied (discharged), and the high-cost thermal power generator is corrected to the stop state in the reverse order of the priority list .

A fifth aspect of the present invention is an electric power system in which a power storage device including a generator and an inverter is connected. The electric power system supplies a predicted load calculated in advance, and at the same time, given a number of constraints. In the generator start / stop plan using the extended priority list method that determines the operation plan of each generator so as to minimize the operation cost of the power system represented by the sum of the fuel cost and start-up cost in the period,
The generator start / stop plan determines the priority order of generators to be started and stopped, and generates the generator start / stop creation means based on the extended priority list method that repeats until the power supply / demand balance constraint is satisfied according to this order, and the creation means The parameter setting means for setting the parameters in consideration of the power storage device in the startup / shutdown plan obtained by the above, and charging the top several generator startup / shutdown plans in ascending order of the total cost using the set parameters The charging / discharging execution means which performs operation | movement and performs discharge operation | movement in order with high operation cost is characterized by the above-mentioned.

6th of this invention is the electric power system which connected the electric power storage apparatus containing a generator and an inverter, Comprising: While supplying the estimated load calculated beforehand, it was given after considering many constraints. A processing program for a generator start / stop plan device using an extended priority list method that determines an operation plan for each generator so as to minimize the operation cost of the power system represented by the sum of fuel cost and start-up cost in the period In a recording medium for recording,
The generator start / stop plan determines the priority order of generators to be started and stopped, and generates the generator start / stop creation means based on the extended priority list method that repeats until the power supply / demand balance constraint is satisfied according to this order, and the creation means The parameter setting means for setting the parameters in consideration of the power storage device in the startup / shutdown plan obtained by the above, and charging the top several generator startup / shutdown plans in ascending order of the total cost using the set parameters The processing program of the charge / discharge execution means for executing the operation and executing the discharge operation in descending order of the operating cost is recorded.

As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) Generalize and formulate a system composed of a power storage device including an inverter and an existing thermal power generator, and start a generator that takes the power storage device into consideration in a practical calculation time A stop plan can be determined.
(2) The results obtained from the simulation show that the formulation and the algorithm for the power storage device based on the present invention are practical even for the increase in the number of thermal power generators and the scale expansion of the power storage device. This shows that it is possible to determine a startup / shutdown plan suitable for the target problem in calculation time.
(3) Furthermore, load leveling can be confirmed in the created plan, thereby reducing the total cost.
(4) Since the same formulation is performed not only for a large-scale system but also for a small-scale regional supply system composed of distributed power sources, it can be used regardless of the system scale.

In the present invention, first, a start / stop plan for a thermal power generator is determined using an extended priority list method (hereinafter referred to as an EPL method) as in Non-Patent Document 3. Subsequently, on the plan obtained by the EPL method, the power storage device is considered by the algorithm of the present invention described later.
The use of the EPL method is because the problem can be solved at high speed and the fuel cost and start-up cost of the thermal power generator can be reduced.

FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram to which the present invention is applied. A power storage device 1 includes a power storage element 2 such as a NAS battery and an inverter 3. A plurality of thermal power generators 4 are installed. 5 is a load.
As shown in FIG. 1, when the power storage device 1 is connected to the power system, the total cost represented by the sum of the fuel cost and the start-up cost of the thermal power generator in a given period is minimized. The total cost CF can be expressed by the following equation.

Where T is the scheduling period, N is the total number of generators, Fi (Pi (t)) is the fuel cost of generator i at time t, SCi (t) is the startup cost of generator i at time t, and i is The index of the generator (i = 1, 2,...).

  In general, the fuel cost in the UC problem is expressed by a quadratic function of each generator output as shown by the equation (2).

Here, ai, bi, ci are non-negative cost conversion factors, and Pi (t) is the output of the generator i at time t.

The start-up cost depends on the temperature of the boiler generating the steam. If the generator is stopped for a long time and the boiler cools down, the starting cost increases. Therefore, the activation cost SCi is a function of the stop time. Here, for the sake of simplicity, two times, hot start h-costi and cold cost c-costi, are used as shown in equation (3) using the time H _i ^off that the generator i defined in equation (4) has been stopped. Divide into

Here, T _i ^off is the minimum operation time of the generator _i , X _i ^off is the time that the generator i has been stopped, and c-s-houri is the boiler cooling time of the generator i.

  The UC problem has some restrictions due to the characteristics and technical aspects of the generator, but the restrictions on the UC problem considering only the thermal power generator are roughly divided into restrictions on the system and restrictions on each generator. Is done. In the present invention, consideration of the inverter capacity when charging / discharging the power storage device or using the inverter is performed by intending to install the power storage device. Here, (i) and (ii) are the restrictions on the system, (iii), (iv) and (v) are the restrictions on each thermal power generator, and (vi) and (vii) are the restrictions on the power storage device. is there.

(I) Power supply / demand balance constraint For optimal operation, the sum of the thermal generator power and the inverter output (charge / discharge power from the power storage device) must be equal to the load at any time as shown in the following equation. Don't be.

Here, P _th (t) is the sum of the generator unit outputs, P _inv (t) is the output from the inverter, and D (t) is the predicted load at time t.

In the power system shown in FIG. 1, the sign of P _inv (t) is negative when the power storage device 1 is in a charging operation and positive when it is in a discharging operation. Charging power to the power storage device becomes a load of the thermal power generator, and P _inv (t) is zero in a time when there is no charge / discharge from the power storage device.

(Ii) Operation reserve capacity constraint Reserve output is guaranteed from the generator in operation.

Here, I _i (t) is the start / stop state of generator i at time t (1: start, 0: stop), P _imax is the maximum output of generator i, and R ^t is the operating reserve at time t. Then, it was set to 10% of the load.

  During the charging operation or discharging operation time of the power storage device, the load D (t) distributed by the thermal power generator changes to D ′ (t) shown in the equations (8) and (9), respectively. Therefore, the operating reserve capacity constraint at the time of charging is obtained from the equations (8) and (10), and at the time of discharging, it is obtained from the equations (9) and (10).

(Iii) Generator output upper and lower limit constraints Each generator output must be within its capacity.

Here, P _imin is the minimum output of the generator i.

(≡) Generator minimum operation / stop time constraint
During the minimum time determined for each generator, the generator must be continuously running and stopped.

Here, T _i ^on is the minimum operation time of the generator _i , T _i ^off is the minimum stop time of the generator i, X _i ^on (t) is the time that the generator i has been operating at time t, and X _i ^off (t) is the time during which the generator i has been stopped at time t.

(V) Ramp constraints Each generator has a fixed range of output that can be increased or decreased per unit time.

Here, UR _i is an output that can be increased per unit time of the generator i, and DR _i is an output that can be decreased per unit time.

(Vi) Initial storage energy amount The power storage device starts a charging operation from a certain initial energy amount.

Here, C _sr ⁱⁿⁱ is the initial stored power amount, w (0 <w <1) is the discharge coefficient, and C _sr ^max is the maximum storable power amount.

(Vii) The charge / discharge constraint C _src (t) is expressed as follows with the electric energy used for charging at time t, and C _srd (t) as the electric energy used for discharging.

Here, α (0 <α ≦ 1) is the efficiency at the time of charging, and in the present invention, all the efficiencies are aggregated into α and set as the total efficiency of the target power storage device. P _inv (t) is an output from the inverter at time t, and its unit is MW.

The power storage amount C _sr (t) at a certain time is represented by the following discrete expression.

  The restrictions on charging / discharging are as follows.

Here, k (w ≦ k ≦ 1) is the charging coefficient, k · C _sr ^max and w · C _sr ^max are the lower limit electric energy at the end of charging and the upper electric energy at the end of discharging, respectively, and C _sr ^min is the lowest storable power Amount. Further, t _c and t _d indicate the time when the charging operation for a certain period ends and the time when the discharging operation ends, respectively.
Charging ends when the amount of stored power exceeds the lower limit power amount at the end of charging. Discharging is terminated when it falls below the upper limit electric energy at the end of discharging. Here, the reason why the upper limit power amount at the end of discharge is provided is to guarantee reserve power in preparation for an unexpected situation. Moreover, in the case of a lead battery, it is because it can operate by designating the depth of discharge.

  The inverter is assumed to be ideal and has the following restrictions.

Here, P _inv ^max is the rating of the inverter.

  In the present invention, the objective function of the equation (1) is minimized on the assumption of the above-described constraints, and the algorithm can be used for the power system having the power storage device.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart according to the present invention.
First, a start / stop plan for the thermal power generator is determined by the EPL method (step 1). When the schedule of the thermal power generator is determined, a plan considering the power storage device is determined (steps 2 and 3). The plan considering the power storage device is obtained by introducing an algorithm (described later) for the power storage device of the present invention on the start-stop plan of the thermal power generator obtained by the EPL method.
[Outline of EPL method]
The outline of the EPL method will be described below. Refer to Non-Patent Document 3 for details.
Conventionally, there is a “priority list method” as one of the main solutions to the generator start / stop planning problem. The “priority list method” determines the order of starting and stopping in advance according to the unit price of power generation, etc. It starts and stops and can solve the problem at high speed, but there is no guarantee that a true optimum solution will be obtained. Non-Patent Document 3 introduces the above-mentioned “priority list method” that can obtain a solution at a high speed with respect to the increase in calculation time accompanying the expansion of the system scale, and based on the obtained solution, It is described that a high-quality solution can be obtained at a higher speed by applying several heuristic methods that generate an initial solution and generate a good-quality solution in a short time only to those solutions that are likely to improve. ing.
In the present invention, the solution method for the generator start / stop plan problem described in Non-Patent Document 3 is referred to as an “expanded priority list method (EPL method)”.
The EPL method is a method for the purpose of drastically reducing the calculation time and reducing the cost of details. The configuration satisfies the part of initial solution generation by preliminary analysis using generator data and the constraints of the obtained initial solution. This is composed of a post-processing (correction algorithm) portion for reducing the cost.
In the generation of the initial solution, a priority list that takes into consideration the unit price of power generation and the frequency of start / stop is created by simple preliminary analysis of the data, and the solution search area is reduced. Thereby, it is possible to efficiently search only for solutions that are expected to be improved. Here, a solution that is expected to be improved is a solution that changes to an approximate solution that is closer to the optimal solution by simple correction thereafter. In the post-processing correction algorithm, a heuristic method suitable for the UC problem is applied to the obtained solution with the expected improvement.

The proposed heuristic method takes into account the cost characteristics of the generator in the correction process, so that it is possible to reliably reduce the cost, and since it is a simple algorithm, it is processed at high speed.
[Starting and stopping plan for thermal power generators]
The start / stop plan of the thermal power generator is determined using the EPL method described above. The priority list and simulation parameters used in the EPL method are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, respectively. A priority list was created so that generators with lower generation costs have higher priority. Thus, in FIG. 3, unit 1 has the highest priority and unit 10 has the lowest priority.
In FIG. 4, the number of initial solutions w = 20, the number of solutions s = 5 applying the heuristic method, and the number X of generators in the window near the demand power (D (t) + R ^t ) are the best results in the prior simulation. It is assumed that one machine was obtained.
[Consideration of lamp restrictions]
In the present invention, the lamp restriction of the thermal power generator is further taken into consideration. Ramp constraints are considered at the end of the EPL method modification algorithm. The ramp constraint exists in the rising part of the generator (the part that changes from the stopped state to the operating state), during operation, and in the falling part (the part that changes from the operating state to the stopped state). As for the rising part of the generator and during operation, the lamp constraint can be satisfied by incorporating the equation (13) into the economic load distribution based on the equal λ method. However, regarding the falling part of the generator, it is difficult to completely satisfy the equation (13) in the economic load distribution. Therefore, the present invention introduces another correction algorithm for the falling part. Satisfy.

  A brief description of the correction algorithm is given below.

  Step 1: Search for a time t when the state of the generator i becomes 1 → 0. At that time, if the lamp constraint is satisfied and the transition is made to the stop state, t = t + 1 is executed again, and Step 1 is executed again. If the lamp constraint is violated, the procedure proceeds to Step 2.

Step 2: Check how many hours have been continuously stopped after time t. If the continuous stop time is equal to the minimum stop time of the generator, the stop state after t is corrected to the operation state by the minimum stop time. If the continuous stop time is longer than the minimum stop time, the state at time t is corrected from the stop state to the operating state. When there is a schedule correction, an economic load distribution calculation incorporating formula (13) is always performed. The economic load distribution calculation used in this algorithm has a heuristic method for allowing the generator to transition to a stopped state efficiently and smoothly, particularly with respect to the falling portion of the generator.
Return to Step 1 with t = t + 1. If t = 24, go to Step 3.

Step 3: Set i = i + 1 and return to Step 1.
[Algorithm for considering power storage devices]
An algorithm for considering the power storage device in steps 2 and 3 of FIG. 2 will be described.
In the parameter settings in step 2, values are set for the parameters C _sr ^max , C _sr ^min , C _sr ⁱⁿⁱ , α, k, and w.
In step 3, the power storage device is considered in the thermal power generator start / stop plan obtained earlier. In order to find a plan that is as good as possible, step 3 is applied to the top s thermal power generator start / stop plans in ascending order of total cost. Details of step 3 will be described below.

(1) Charging Operation FIG. 5 shows the charging operation, where the vertical axis indicates output, the horizontal axis indicates time, the line D (t) + ^Rt is the demand power, and the hatched portion is the charging operation portion.
First, surplus power of the generator operating near the bottom of the load is charged as much as possible in consideration of charging / discharging restrictions of the power storage device, operating reserve capacity restrictions, and inverter capacity restrictions. If all the batteries are charged but still do not reach the lower limit electric energy at the end of charging, pay attention to the generators that are stopped near the bottom, and correct these generators to the operating state one hour at a time in the priority list ( (See FIG. 6). In FIG. 6, compared with FIG. 5, the unit f is additionally modified at time H, and the unit d is modified at time H + 1, and it is checked whether or not various constraints relating to the generator are satisfied at each modification.
If the constraint is violated, the state is restored and the next generator is corrected to the operating state. When the state of a certain generator is corrected to the one-hour operation state, as shown in FIG. 6, excessive surplus power that greatly exceeds the operation reserve for that time is generated.

In the present invention, the surplus power is further charged in the power storage device. In this case as well, charging is performed in consideration of charging / discharging restrictions of the power storage device, operating reserve capacity restrictions, and inverter capacity restrictions. Charging ends when the equation (19) is satisfied.
(2) Discharge operation,
In the present invention, power is actively supplied (discharged) from the power storage device in the load peak time zone. Therefore, it is necessary to stop the high-cost thermal power generator operating in the peak time zone (see FIG. 7). Since such a generator can be stopped in a relatively short time and the fuel cost is high, peak cutting can be achieved by stopping them, and a reduction in total cost can be expected. Although the supply power is insufficient by stopping the thermal power generator, this shortage is dealt with by supplying it as it is from the power storage device as shown in FIG.

  Since it is considered that the order of the generators with high cost is suitable for the stopping order of the generators, for example, the order of the priority list shown in FIG. At the time of discharging, the charging / discharging constraint of the power storage device, the operation reserve constraint, and the capacity limitation of the inverter are taken into consideration. The discharge ends when the equation (20) is satisfied.

Next, the effect of the present invention will be described by simulation of the embodiment.
[Simulation conditions]
Load data and generator parameters are shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, respectively. The number of generators is 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, and the scheduling period is 24 hours. Here, the number of generators is expanded based on the parameters of 10 units in FIG. 9, using 2 sets of parameters in FIG. 9 for 20 units, and using 4 sets for 40 units. The load data is based on the case of 10 aircraft in FIG. 8, the value for each period in FIG. 8 is doubled for 20 aircraft, and quadrupled for 40 aircraft.

In FIG. 9, the cold start cost c-cost is approximately twice the hot start cost h-cost. Therefore, when starting the generator, it is desirable to start at the hot start cost as much as possible, and by doing so, As a result, low cost can be achieved.
Further, initial state indicates the state of the generator at the initial stage of the scheduling period, where 10 indicates start and − indicates stop. For example, in the generator 1 (Unit 1), since the initial state is eighteen, it has been operating for 8 hours.
initial Power indicates the initial output of each generator before the scheduling starts.
In addition, various parameters set when considering the power storage device are shown in FIG. For α, k, and w, the same value is used for all generator numbers.

Since the simulation considers how much the total cost and start-up / stop plan will be affected when considering the power storage device, the power storage device is not considered in all the number of generators, that is, the power when planning with only the thermal power generator This is done for two cases when the storage device is considered. The simulation in the case where the power storage device is not taken into consideration was performed assuming that charging / discharging from the power storage device was not performed over the scheduling period, and all P _inv (t) in the formulation were set to zero.
[simulation result]
FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 are simulation results of total cost and calculation time, respectively. In both figures, the proposed formulation and algorithm for the power storage device can be applied regardless of the scale of the grid and the power storage device, and the generator start / stop plan considering the power storage device is determined in a practical calculation time. It shows that it can be done.
By considering the power storage device from FIG. 11, a cost reduction of 1.1 to 1.5% is achieved.
FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 show the thermal power generator start / stop schedule for 10 aircraft when the power storage device is not considered. From both figures, by supplying power from the power storage device, the costly thermal power generator at the time of peak load is stopped and the peak cut is made.

In addition, FIG. 15 shows the total power generated by the thermal power generators related to 10 units, and the bottom-up and peak cut of the load can be confirmed from FIG.
FIG. 16 shows a state of charging / discharging of the power storage device for 10 machines. The right vertical axis of the figure shows the power storage rate r (t) (the power storage amount C _sr (t) divided by the maximum storable electric energy C _sr ^max and expressed in%), and the left vertical axis is the charge / discharge Indicates power.
It can be confirmed that the power storage device performs the charging operation at the bottom of the load and performs the discharging operation at the peak. Moreover, it turns out that charging / discharging is performed in the range which satisfy | filled the inverter capacity | capacitance restrictions, and also has changed within all the restrictions ranges regarding an electric power storage rate.

FIG. 17 shows a configuration diagram of a generator operation plan creation apparatus for executing the method of the present invention.
In FIG. 17, reference numeral 10 denotes a data processing device. The data processing device 10 includes a control unit 11, a condition reading unit 12, a condition setting unit 13, a unit aggregation unit 14, a correction unit 15, a plan evaluation unit 16, a display data creation unit 17, and the like. A data storage unit 18 is provided. An input unit 20 includes a keyboard, a mouse, and the like, and inputs data and selects options displayed on the display unit 30 to send predetermined information to the control unit 11. Reference numeral 40 denotes a storage unit, and 50 denotes a distribution unit. The distribution unit 50 transmits an operation plan created by the data processing device 10 to the reception unit 60 of each power plant via the distribution unit 50 and a transmission path, or Information on each power plant from the transmission / reception unit 60 is sent to the data processing device 10.

  The control unit 11 controls data exchange by executing data processing and processing for smoothly exchanging data and processing programs between the distribution unit 50 and the units 12 to 18 in the data processing apparatus.

  The condition reading unit 12 stores the constraints of the equations (5) to (21) stored in the storage unit 40, that is, the power system data for determining the expected power demand, the start / stop of the generator, and the load distribution. , Generator characteristics, operation constraint conditions, objective function, power storage device characteristics, capacity and other conditions and processing program are read and stored in the data storage unit 18.

  The condition setting unit 13 sets conditions and functions necessary for creating an operation plan input via the input unit 2 and the control unit 11.

The unit aggregating unit 14 is similar in consideration of the minimum operation stop time from the data stored in the storage unit 40 as parameters (cost factors) for each unit of the target power system as shown in FIG. Aggregate into units with characteristics. In this aggregation unit, the generators are started in the order of the priority list in all periods sandwiched between load peaks.
At that time, every generator is searched for a period of stop → startup, start-up → stop for every generator so that all generators satisfy the minimum operation stop time, and this is executed until the minimum operation stop time is satisfied.

  The correction unit 15 is a means for correcting a gray zone related to the start-up cost to determine a better schedule, and corrects the schedule to efficiently reduce the cost. Therefore, the priority of generators is high in startup cost, and the schedule is corrected in ascending order of fuel cost.

  The plan evaluation unit 16 calculates an evaluation function by calculating a penalty corresponding to the generator cost and the constraint violation for the start / stop plan for the entire plan period executed by the control unit 11. In accordance with the value of this evaluation function, the start / stop plan to be the next search is selected from the start / stop plan, and the best start / stop plan is stored in the data storage unit 18 via the control unit 11.

The display data creating unit 17 creates the planning conditions calculated by the respective units 12 to 16, the transition of the plan and the evaluation function, the data stored in the data storage unit 18, and the like and displays them on the display unit 30.
The created best plan schedule is transmitted to the receiving unit 60 of each power plant via the control unit 11, the distribution unit 50, and the transmission path.

  As described above, according to the present invention, a system composed of a power storage device including an inverter and an existing thermal power generator is generalized and formulated, and power is stored in a practical calculation time. It is possible to determine a generator start / stop plan in consideration of the device.

  The results obtained from the simulation show that if the proposed formulation and algorithm for power storage devices are used for the increase in the number of thermal power generators and the expansion of the power storage devices, the problem that is targeted in practical calculation time It is shown that it is possible to determine a start / stop plan suitable for the system. In addition, the created plan confirms the leveling of the load, thereby reducing the total cost. In this example, the optimum operation algorithm of the power storage device for a large-scale power generation system composed of thermal machines was examined. Since the same formulation can be made for a small-scale regional supply system composed of a distributed power source or the like, the present invention can be used regardless of the system scale.

System configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention Flow chart of the present invention Priority list diagram Parameter diagram for EPL Charging operation diagram Charging operation diagram Discharge operation diagram Load data diagram Generator parameter diagram Setting values of parameters related to power storage devices Comparison chart Comparison chart of calculation time Start-stop schedule diagram of only thermal equipment Start / stop schedule diagram considering power storage devices Comparison of power generated by thermal power generators Charging / discharging diagram of power storage device Configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention

Explanation of symbols

1 ... Power storage device 2 ... Power storage element
3 ... Inverter 4 ... Thermal power generator
5 ... Load
10 ... Data processing device 11 ... Control unit
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 ... Condition reading part 13 ... Condition setting part 14 ... Unit aggregation part 15 ... Correction part 16 ... Plan evaluation part 17 ... Display data creation part 18 ... Data storage part 20 ... Input part 30 ... Display part 40 ... Memory | storage part 50 ... Distribution Unit 60 ... Receiving unit

Claims (6)

A power system connected to a power storage device including a generator and an inverter that supplies a predicted load calculated in advance and at the same time considers a number of constraints and fuel and start-up costs for a given period In the generator start / stop plan using the extended priority list method that determines the operation plan of each generator so as to minimize the operation cost of the power system represented by the sum of
First determine the priority order of the generators that start and stop without considering the power storage device, determine the start and stop plan of the generator using the extended priority list method that repeats until the power supply and demand balance constraint is satisfied according to this order , Subsequently, the surplus of the generators operating near the bottom of the demand power is applied to the plan obtained without considering the power storage device by applying an algorithm for considering the power storage device including charging and discharging operations. A generator start / stop plan creation method , wherein power is stored in a power storage device, and when the lower limit power is not achieved at the end of charging, the operating state is corrected according to the priority order based on the extended priority list method. The generator start / stop plan is selected from the generator start / stop plans obtained without considering the power storage device in ascending order of the total cost. 2. The generator start / stop plan creation method according to claim 1, wherein an algorithm for considering a storage device is applied. The power storage device includes an inverter, and the algorithm for considering the power storage device is based on the surplus power of the generator operating near the bottom of the load, charging / discharging constraints of the power storage device, operating reserve capacity constraints, and Charge as much as possible while considering the capacity constraints of the inverter, and if the lower limit energy at the end of charging is not reached even after all charging, pay attention to the generators that are stopped near the bottom and prioritize these generators The generator start / stop plan creation method according to claim 1, wherein the operation state is corrected in the order of. The algorithm for considering the power storage device actively supplies (discharges) power from the power storage device in consideration of charging / discharging constraints, operation reserve constraints, and inverter capacity constraints of the power storage device during the load beak time period. 4. The generator start / stop plan preparation method according to claim 1, wherein a high-cost thermal power generator is corrected to a stop state in reverse order of the priority list. A power system connected to a power storage device including a generator and an inverter that supplies a predicted load calculated in advance and at the same time considers a number of constraints and fuel and start-up costs for a given period In the generator start / stop plan using the extended priority list method that determines the operation plan of each generator so as to minimize the operation cost of the power system represented by the sum of
The generator start / stop plan determines the priority order of generators to be started and stopped, and generates the generator start / stop creation means based on the extended priority list method that repeats until the power supply / demand balance constraint is satisfied according to this order, and the creation means The parameter setting means for setting the parameters in consideration of the power storage device in the startup / shutdown plan obtained by the above, and charging the top several generator startup / shutdown plans in ascending order of the total cost using the set parameters A generator start / stop plan creation device comprising charge / discharge execution means for executing an operation and performing a discharge operation in descending order of operation cost. A power system connected to a power storage device including a generator and an inverter that supplies a predicted load calculated in advance and at the same time considers a number of constraints and fuel and start-up costs for a given period In the recording medium for recording the processing program of the generator start / stop planning device using the extended priority list method for determining the operation plan of each generator so as to minimize the operation cost of the power system represented by the sum of
The generator start / stop plan determines the priority order of generators to be started and stopped, and generates the generator start / stop creation means based on the extended priority list method that repeats until the power supply / demand balance constraint is satisfied according to this order, and the creation means The parameter setting means for setting the parameters in consideration of the power storage device in the startup / shutdown plan obtained by the above, and charging the top several generator startup / shutdown plans in ascending order of the total cost using the set parameters The recording medium which records the processing program of the charge / discharge execution means which performs operation | movement and performs discharge operation | movement in order with high operation cost.

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