JP4107456B2 - Capillary blood flow monitoring device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention belongs to the technical field of a capillary blood flow observation device that observes the blood flow movement of capillaries in the nail epithelium of a fingertip.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, continuous and dynamic measurement of capillary blood vessel diameter, blood velocity, flow rate, blood vessel density, and the like can be performed by magnifying and observing capillary blood flow in the fingernail epithelium. As shown in FIG. 1, when the nail epithelium A2A at the boundary between the fingernail A and the nail is magnified with a microscope, the skin part is thin and the capillary B can be seen through. This is because the movement can be observed. Based on this measurement result, it can be used to detect and treat many diseases, such as heart disease, burns, hepatitis, leukemia, anemia, bronchial asthma, diabetes, rheumatism, pneumonia, pregnancy toxemia, etc. Can be used for discovery and treatment.
[0003]
For this reason, a microscope for observing capillary blood flow has been developed in order to enlarge and observe the movement of capillary blood flow in the nail epithelium of the fingertip. Proposed as -125355.
The outline of the invention of the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application No. 10-125355 is as a first proposal, in a device for magnifying and observing the movement of blood flow in capillaries of the nail epithelium of the fingertip. Around the lens, multiple small light sources, such as light emitting diodes, are placed close to each other so as to irradiate the observation object with light of wavelengths from 410 nm to 580 nm, and the wavelength that optimally responds to hemoglobin in the blood And illuminating the fingernail epithelium of the fingertip to accurately grasp the blood flow of the capillaries, and being placed near the periphery of the objective lens, the capillary blood flow monitoring device is small and easy to handle. It is a thing.
In addition, as a second proposal, a finger fixing mechanism is provided for fixing a fingertip, which is an object to be observed, to the objective lens so that the center line in the finger width direction coincides with the center of the objective lens. An adjustment mechanism is provided to pinch or expand both sides of the finger from the left and right sides, and a rotatable finger movement auxiliary member is provided at the part that contacts the belly of the fingertip in the length direction of the finger, so that the nail epithelium of the fingertip is The capillary blood vessel portion can be arranged at an optimum position corresponding to the objective lens.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the invention of Japanese Patent Application No. 10-125355, which is the above prior art, has a plurality of light emitting diodes, which are a plurality of small light sources, around the objective lens so as to irradiate the observation target with light having a wavelength of 410 nm to 580 nm. Although it is arranged close to a ring, there is a problem that the arrangement place is narrow and there is a problem that a sufficient amount of light cannot always be obtained with only the arranged light emitting diode, and there is also a means for irradiating the fingertip using an optical fiber Although proposed, there is a problem that the irradiation apparatus becomes large.
[0005]
In addition, the finger fixing mechanism that fixes the fingertip, which is the object to be observed, to the objective lens is an adjustment mechanism that pinches or expands both sides of the finger from the left and right, so that the capillaries are compressed when the finger is pinched. However, there is a problem in that the capillaries of the fingertip nail epithelium cannot be observed in a natural state.
[0006]
Furthermore, when a commercially available microscope is used for a capillary blood flow observation device, there is a problem that the optical processing mechanism is heavy and it is difficult to fix the objective lens at a predetermined position.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the problem is that a sufficient amount of light can be easily secured to the fingertip that is the observation object, and the irradiation mechanism does not reach a high temperature. By providing a small, high-performance capillary blood flow observation device capable of easily observing the blood flow of capillaries in the nail epithelium part of the fingertips without causing burns even if touched by It is another object of the present invention to provide a small-sized and high-performance capillary blood flow observation device that can easily observe the capillary blood vessel portion of the nail epithelium of the fingertip in a natural state.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problem, the invention according to claim 1 is an apparatus for magnifying and observing capillary blood flow in a nail epithelium of a fingertip, and an observation object facing an objective lens of an optical processing mechanism. There is provided a finger fixing mechanism for fixing a fingertip that is an object, and the finger fixing mechanism is provided with an adjustment mechanism that moves in the width direction and the length direction of the fingertip so that the fingertip and the center of the objective lens coincide with each other. Is a capillary blood flow observation device in the shape of a semi-cylindrical dish in which a cylinder is divided in half in the cylinder axis direction.
[0009]
In order to solve the above-described problem, the invention according to claim 2 is the capillary blood flow observation device, wherein the optical processing mechanism is provided with a vertical movement unit, and the vertical movement unit is a support for a base. It is configured to slide with respect to the bar, and a cylindrical adjustment rod of a desired length is inserted between the vertical movement part and the upper surface of the base coaxially with the support bar, and the optical processing mechanism moves downward. The capillary blood flow monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the capillary blood flow monitoring device is configured to prevent the operation.
[0010]
In order to solve the above-described problem, the invention according to claim 3 is provided with an irradiation mechanism for irradiating a capillary blood vessel portion of a nail epithelium of a fingertip fixed to the finger fixing mechanism in the capillary blood flow observation device, The capillary blood flow observation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the irradiation mechanism includes a high-pressure mercury lamp that emits light with a wavelength of 410 nm to 580 nm and a condenser lens.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
First, the configuration of the capillary blood flow observation device according to the embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0012]
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an outline of the entire capillary blood flow observation device, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view mainly showing the optical processing mechanism, in which the fingertip A which is an observation object corresponds to the objective lens of the optical processing mechanism B. A finger fixing mechanism C for fixing is provided on the base, and the optical processing mechanism B is provided on the upper part of the finger fixing mechanism C. An imaging mechanism D that performs image processing on the enlarged image is inserted into an insertion portion at the top of the optical processing mechanism B. On the other hand, an irradiation mechanism E is provided to irradiate the fingertip A that is an observation object corresponding to the objective lens.
[0013]
In the optical processing mechanism B, an objective lens 11 is provided at the lower end, and an insertion receiving portion 12 of the image pickup mechanism D is provided at the upper end, and an image is picked up after setting the desired magnification by the magnification setting knob 15. The vertical movement mechanism 13 adjusts the image of the capillary vessel A3 (FIG. 3) on the nail epithelium A2 (FIG. 3) of the fingertip A at the position of the lower end of the insertion portion 41 of the mechanism D.
The vertical movement mechanism 13 is configured to slide with respect to the support rod 22 provided on the base 21, and a cylindrical adjustment rod 23 having a desired length is provided between the vertical movement mechanism 13 and the upper surface of the base 21. The optical processing mechanism B is prevented from moving downward by being coaxially inserted into the support rod 22, and the optical processing mechanism B is fixed at a rough vertical position. A plurality of cylindrical adjusting rods 23 having different lengths are prepared, and they are selectively replaced as needed and inserted into the support rods 22 as necessary. Further, the fixing member 132 of the vertical movement mechanism 13 is firmly fixed to the support rod 22 with the knob 131.
Therefore, when the vertical movement mechanism 13 is fixed only by the conventional knob 131, the optical processing mechanism and the image pickup mechanism D are heavy, and the displacement occurs when used for a long time. It is fixed and does not cause a deviation.
Further, linear teeth are provided on the fixed member 132 side of the vertical movement mechanism 13, and mesh with a gear directly connected to the knob 134 of the moving member 133. By rotating the knob 134, the vertical position is finely adjusted.
In this optical processing mechanism B, an eyepiece 14 is provided when the imaging mechanism D is not inserted in the insertion receiving portion 12 or when an image of the capillary A3 of the nail epithelium A2 of the fingertip A is directly observed with the optical system. If necessary, the eyepiece 14 is directly observed with the naked eye, and a desired magnification is set by the magnification setting knob 15.
[0014]
The details of the finger fixing mechanism C that fixes the fingertip A, which is the observation object, corresponding to the objective lens 11 of the optical processing mechanism B will be described. The base 21 is a plan view as shown in FIG. In this structure, stainless fixed linear teeth 31 are fixed to the upper surface of the base 21 via a base fixing portion 32, and a gear 33 meshing with the fixed linear teeth 31 is rotatably supported by the first moving substrate 34. At the same time, the first moving substrate 32 is slidably fitted to the fixed portion 32, and the knob 331 of the first gear 33 is rotated in the direction of arrow a, so that the entire first moving substrate 34 is moved in the direction of arrow b. It is configured to be able to move to.
A second gear 35 is rotatably supported at the end of the first moving substrate 34, and a stainless moving linear tooth 36 is slidably fitted to the second gear 35 so as to be slidable. By rotating the knob 351 of the second gear 35 in the direction of arrow c, the entire second moving substrate 37 to which the moving linear teeth 36 are fixed can be moved in the direction of arrow d.
At the center of the second moving substrate 37 is a semi-cylindrical dish formed by dividing the cylinder in half in the direction of the cylindrical axis as shown in FIG. 4 (b), and the capillary of the fingertip as shown in FIG. 4 (c). A finger fixing portion 38, which is a semicircle having a diameter slightly larger than the width of a finger pointing to a normal person, is fixed with a screw or the like so as not to compress the blood vessel. The cross-sectional shape of the finger fixing portion 38 may be a semicircle obtained by bending the end of the finger fixing portion 381 outward as shown in FIG. 4 (d) in addition to the semicircle of FIG. 4 (b).
Accordingly, the entire second movable substrate 37 is adjusted with the knob 331 and the knob so that the portion of the capillary blood vessel A3 on the nail epithelium A2 of the fingertip A of the finger fixing portion 38 that is the observation object coincides with the center of the objective lens 11. By rotating 351, it can be adjusted by moving it back and forth and left and right.
[0015]
The outline of the imaging mechanism D is the configuration shown in FIG. 5, and the insertion part 41 at the lower end of the imaging mechanism D is inserted into the insertion receiving part 12 at the upper part of the optical processing mechanism B, but the imaging mechanism D of the optical processing mechanism B Is adjusted so that an image of the capillary vessel A3 on the nail epithelium A2 of the fingertip A is formed at the position of the lower end of the insertion receiving portion 12, and a high-definition image pickup device 42 such as a 350,000 pixel CCD of the image pickup mechanism D is provided at this position. Are arranged, and the image processing circuit 43 processes the output of the high-definition image sensor 42.
The output of the imaging mechanism D is configured so that the monitor 44 can observe the movement of blood flow in the capillary A3 of the nail epithelium A2 with the eyes. Further, if necessary, a blood flow analysis unit 45 for analyzing the state of the blood flow by the monitor 43, the computer 46, etc. is provided for the video output (VIDO OUT) of the image of the image processing circuit 42 in the imaging mechanism D. The analysis results are displayed on the screen accordingly.
[0016]
On the other hand, an irradiation mechanism E is provided to irradiate the fingertip A, which is an observation object corresponding to the objective lens. However, returning to FIG. 51 is provided separately from the base 21 of the optical processing mechanism B, and a support bar 52 provided on the irradiation table 51 is provided vertically, and a slide member 53 is slidable up and down with respect to the support bar 52. The slide member 53 is provided with a bending support bar 54 that supports the irradiation unit 6 so that the slide member 53 can also slide. The slide member 53 is fixed to the support bar 52 by tightening the knob 531 of the slide member 53. At the same time, the end of the bending support bar 54 is also fixed.
At the tip of the bending support rod 54, an attachment portion 61 of the irradiation unit 6 is attached to the bending support rod 54, and the attachment portion 61 is rotatable with respect to the irradiation unit 6. It is fixed at an angle.
[0017]
Next, details of the irradiation unit 6 will be described with reference to FIG. 6. FIG. 6 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the irradiation unit 6 in FIG. 2, and a 220V50W high-pressure mercury lamp 62 is used at the center. The high-pressure mercury lamp 62 emits light having a wavelength of 410 nm to 580 nm strongly by discharge in mercury gas, and a frame 63 that covers the entire high-pressure mercury lamp 62 is provided. This high-pressure mercury lamp 62 has a large amount of light, but it is inevitable that the heat will be high, and the entire frame 63 will also be hot, but there will be a plurality of frames 63 for the circulation of superheated air in order to lower the temperature. The heat radiating holes 631 and the heat radiating fins 632 are arranged.
Furthermore, a projection irradiation part 7 is provided at a position facing the light emission center of the high-pressure mercury lamp 62 so as to protrude from the frame 63 and away from the light source. The projection irradiation part 7 includes a cylindrical part 71 and a tip cone part 72. The tip conical portion 72 is joined to the cylindrical portion 71, and a heat shield glass 73 is provided between the tip conical portion 72 and the cylindrical portion 71, and is fixed at the same time as the fitting. A plurality of annular radiating fins 711 are provided on the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 71, and a condensing lens 74 is provided at the tip of the tip conical portion 72 farthest from the high-pressure mercury lamp 62, which is a light source. Irradiates the blood vessel.
Accordingly, the nail epithelium is irradiated with continuous light having a wavelength of 420 to 570 nm on the nail epithelium and reflected on the blood in the capillary B, particularly hemoglobin, so that the movement of the blood flow can be accurately observed, and the wrist and fingers Irradiated parts that are likely to be touched do not overheat, and even if they are touched by wrists or fingers, burns or the like do not occur.
[0018]
On the other hand, a reflection plate 64 of a circular concave reflector is provided on the inner wall of the frame 63 on the opposite side of the projecting irradiation portion 7 to effectively use the light quantity of the light source, and to the nail epithelium A2 of the fingertip A. The amount of light is made larger. Further, a socket 66 of a high-pressure mercury lamp 62 is detachably fixed to the lower end portion 65 of the frame 63, and the high-pressure mercury lamp 62 is connected to a rectifier 67 and the like.
[0019]
Because of the configuration as described above, the device of the present embodiment is easy to handle because the irradiation mechanism is separate from the optical system, and irradiates the fingertip of the observation target with a sufficient amount of light from a wavelength of 410 nm to 580 nm. Further, the projecting irradiation unit 7 that is an irradiation part of the irradiation mechanism projects from the frame body 6 that becomes high temperature, and a heat shield glass 73 is provided between them, so that the tip portion particularly becomes high temperature. It can be used as an irradiation mechanism of a capillary blood flow observation device that can prevent burns even if the wrist or finger touches the irradiation unit, and the finger fixing mechanism that fixes the fingertip puts the finger at a predetermined location Because it is a structure that does not pinch the finger alone, it does not compress the capillaries and can observe the capillaries of the fingertip nail epithelium in a natural state, and when using a commercially available microscope for a capillary blood flow observation device Even if the optical processing mechanism is heavy, the objective lens can be It can be easily fixed to.
[0020]
It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment as long as it does not impair the characteristics of the present invention. For example, if a large amount of light having a wavelength of 410 to 580 nm is obtained, the high pressure mercury lamp is not equivalent. Other light sources may be used, and the heat radiation holes and fins may be of any shape as long as the heat radiation efficiency is good, and the blood flow analysis unit may be used as necessary, but the observation can be performed only with the monitor screen. If it is sufficient, there is no need to use it, and the CCD which is a high-definition image pickup device also uses an element of 350,000 pixels, but it is of course more preferable if the CCD has a larger number of pixels, for example, 1.2 million pixels. .
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, in the apparatus for magnifying and observing the blood flow movement of the capillaries of the nail epithelium of the fingertip, the observation object facing the objective lens of the optical processing mechanism A finger fixing mechanism for fixing the fingertip is provided, and the finger fixing mechanism is provided with an adjustment mechanism that moves in the width direction and the length direction of the fingertip so that the fingertip and the center of the objective lens coincide with each other. Capillary blood flow observation device in the shape of a semi-cylindrical dish that divides the cylinder in half in the direction of the cylinder axis, so it is an adjustment mechanism that pinches or expands both sides of the finger from the left and right, so in the state where the finger is pinched There is an effect that the capillaries of the fingernail nail epithelium can be observed in a natural state without compressing the capillaries .
[0022]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the optical processing mechanism is provided with the vertical movement unit, and the vertical movement unit is configured to slide with respect to the support rod of the base, and the vertical movement unit and the upper surface of the base A cylindrical adjustment rod of a desired length is coaxially inserted between the support rod and the optical processing mechanism to prevent the optical processing mechanism from moving downward. The lens can be easily fixed at a predetermined position, and in particular, when a commercially available microscope is used for a capillary blood flow observation device, it can be easily used as a capillary blood flow observation device without special modification. Etc. are obtained.
[0023]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the irradiation mechanism for irradiating the capillary portion of the nail epithelium of the fingertip fixed to the finger fixing mechanism of the capillary blood flow monitoring device is provided, and the irradiation mechanism strongly increases the wavelength from 410 nm to 580 nm . Since the high-pressure mercury lamp that emits light and the condensing lens are provided, an effect that a sufficient amount of light can be applied to the fingertip of the observation object is obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an enlarged view of a nail epithelium portion A with a microscope and appears on a monitor. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an entire capillary blood flow monitoring device according to an embodiment. FIG. 3 is a capillary blood flow monitoring device according to an embodiment. FIG. 4 (a) is a plan view of the finger fixing mechanism of the capillary blood flow monitoring device of the embodiment,
FIG. 4 (b) is an enlarged perspective view of the finger fixing portion,
(C) of FIG. 4 is a plan view in which the fingertip is fixed to the finger fixing portion,
FIG. 4D is a cross-sectional view of another finger fixing unit. FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the capillary blood flow monitoring device of the embodiment. FIG. 6 is a vertical cross section of the irradiation unit of the capillary blood flow monitoring device of the embodiment. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line FF in the irradiation unit of FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
A ... Fingertip
A1 ... nail epithelium part
A2 ... Capillary blood B ... Optical processing mechanism C ... Finger fixing mechanism D ... Imaging mechanism E ... Irradiation mechanism
11 ... Objective lens
12 ... Insertion receiving portion of imaging mechanism D
13 ... Vertical movement mechanism
131,134 ... knob
132… Fixing member
133 ... Moving member
14 ... Eyepiece
15 ... Magnification setting knob
21… Base
22 ... Support bar
23… Cylinder adjustment
31 ... fixed straight teeth
331,351 ... knob
32… Base fixing part
33 ... first gear
34. First moving substrate
35 ... Second gear
36 ... Moving linear teeth
37 ... Second moving substrate
38 ... Finger fixing part
41 ... Insertion section
42 ... High-definition image sensor
43 ... Image processing circuit
44… Monitor section
45 ... Blood flow analysis unit
(46)… Computer
51 ... Lighting table
52 ... Support rod
53… Slide member
531 ... Knob
54 ... Bending support rod 6 ... Irradiation part
61… Irradiation part mounting
62 ... High pressure mercury lamp
63 ... Frame
631… Heat release hole
632… Heat radiation fin
64 ... Concave reflector
65 ... Lower end
66 ... Socket
67 ... Rectifier 7 ... Projection irradiation part
71 ... Cylindrical part
711 ... Heat radiation fin
72… Conical tip
73… Heat shut-off glass
74 ... Condensing lens

Claims (3)

In an apparatus for magnifying and observing blood flow movement of capillaries in the nail epithelium of a fingertip, a finger fixing mechanism is provided for fixing a fingertip that is an observation object facing an objective lens of an optical processing mechanism, and the finger fixing mechanism is An adjustment mechanism that moves in the width direction and length direction of the fingertip so that the fingertip and the center of the objective lens coincide with each other is provided, and the finger fixing mechanism has a semi-cylindrical dish shape that divides the cylinder in half in the cylindrical axis direction. Capillary blood flow observation device characterized by In the capillary blood flow observation device, the optical processing mechanism is provided with a vertical movement unit, and the vertical movement unit is configured to slide with respect to a support rod of the base, and the vertical movement unit and the upper surface of the base 2. A capillary vessel according to claim 1, wherein a cylindrical adjusting rod of a desired length is coaxially inserted into the support rod to prevent the optical processing mechanism from moving downward. Blood flow observation device In the capillary blood flow monitoring device, an irradiation mechanism for irradiating a capillary blood vessel portion of a nail epithelium of a fingertip fixed to the finger fixing mechanism is provided, and the irradiation mechanism has a wavelength 410nm From 580nm A capillary blood flow observation device according to claim 1 or 2, comprising a high-pressure mercury lamp that emits light strongly and a condenser lens.

Images