JP3978749B2 - Mollusk trap - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a mollusc trap.

  Methaldehyde is used as an attractant to evaporate mollusks by transpiration of a fruit-like aroma of low-concentration acetaldehyde, and is intoxicated when ingested. It was not done. Also, there has been no known method of capturing by reducing the risk avoidance ability by paralyzing the sensory organs even when an intoxicating amount of attractant is not taken.

  Salt is a substance that causes molluscs to produce fluid secretion and is known to avoid contact, but was not used in traps to preserve molluscs.

There was a trap that attracts ripe fruits and vegetables by floating them in salt water or soapy water (see Non-Patent Document 1, for example).
There has been an attractant that paralyzes and exterminates the sensory organs (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
There has been a trap where an attractant is placed on a cardboard or the like whose surface is thinly covered with salt and dehydrated by salt or ingested by attracting the attractant (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
There was a trap where the attractant was placed at the top of the trap and the poison was ingested in the trap. (For example, refer to Patent Document 3).
There was a trap that caused water to die with a device that attracted and dropped (see, for example, Patent Document 4).
There was a trap that was shielded from light with a cover and provided with a plurality of holes (see, for example, Patent Document 5).

Directions for use The Bait Safe, [online], Rob Harvey Specialist Feeds, [retrieved on 2005-11-3], Retrieved from the Internet: <URL: http: //www.robharvey.com/pest-control/slug- control.htm>. JP 2002-275004 A DE10150567 JP 09-98703 A JP 2002-27888 A US5622211

  In the past, molluscs attracted humans, pets and wildlife at risk of poisoning and could be released to the environment when molluscs and attractants were processed. The traps had to be cleaned every few days, and if there was a cleaning leak, a rotting odor was generated, and spiders were attracted and propagated.

  It is an object of the present invention to provide a trap that safely uses an attractant that causes poisoning when ingested by humans or pets, has little maintenance work and consumables, and does not generate a rotting odor of captured mollusks. To do.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides, as a first problem solving means, a substance that causes a fluid secretion reaction by reducing the risk avoidance ability by paralyzing the mollusk's sensory organs with an attractant that also functions as a sensory organ paralysis agent In order to make it difficult to avoid this, a mollusk is ingested by the mollusk, or exposed to the fragrance of the attractant accumulated in the fragrance reservoir 8, or provided together with the mollusc trap. .

  The second problem solving means uses metaaldehyde, paraaldehyde, or ethanol alone or in combination as an attractant that also serves as a sensory organ paralysis agent.

  The third means for solving the problem is to use 10% by mass or more of supersaturated or granular chloride in order to preserve the mollusc captured as a substance that causes a fluid secretion reaction.

  The fourth problem solving means uses the attractant container 5 provided with the ventilation screen 19 in the opening.

  According to the first problem solving means, the fragrance of the attractant collected in the fragrance reservoir 8 paralyzes the mollusk's sensory organs and reduces the risk avoidance ability. In addition, mollusks that have taken an attractant have paralyzed sensory organs and a reduced ability to avoid danger. Due to the reduced ability to avoid danger, avoidance of contact with substances that cause a fluid secretion reaction fails. Chloride having a concentration of 1% by mass or more, which is about twice the salinity of the mollusc, can be used as a substance that causes a fluid secretion reaction. Soap water can also cause a fluid secretion reaction, but the toxicity of synthetic detergents and reverse soaps, which are persistent chemicals, can cause soil contamination, inflow into rivers, and attachment to agricultural products. It is necessary to consider.

  Mollusks are paralyzed by sensory organs and exposed to high-concentration fragrances, or are exposed to fragrances for a long time and become immobile. Conventionally, the low-concentration fragrance of the attractant has been used for the attracting action, but in the present invention, the fragrance reservoir 8 is provided and the fragrance of the attractant is used as a sensory organ paralyzing agent. In addition, when the attractant is ingested, the sensory organ may be paralyzed as a sensory organ paralyzing agent, and it is not necessary to ingest the lethal dose necessary for death from poisoning. Even if there is no device such as slipping on a powdered attractant placed on an inclined shelf, sinking when a mollusk rides on vegetables etc. floating in the water, or rotating or deforming with the weight of the mollusk's own weight can do.

However, if the amount of fragrance released is large or the wind is shielded more than necessary, a repellent reaction will occur from a strong stimulus and the mollusk will not enter the trap. There are the following methods to avoid the repellent reaction.
(I) Limit the amount of fragrance released.
(B) By numbing the sensory organ with a low-concentration fragrance, a windproof structure is formed so that it can move for a higher concentration.
(C) An attractant is disposed at a position lower than the inlet 6.

  As with mollusks, the fragrance that attracts flower buds and germinated buds is also attracted to aroma. However, it is a repellent reaction at a lower concentration of fragrance than molluscs. It can also be used as a measure for reducing the amount of fragrance generated by attractants when cardworms are captured. In the case of a low-concentration fragrance, when the attractant is disposed at a position lower than the inlet portion 6, both molluscs and leafhoppers may be captured.

  By arranging the attractant at the upper part in the trap, the fragrance concentration of the fragrance reservoir 8 can be increased because the specific gravity of the fragrance is heavier than air. When the inlet portion 6 is provided at a position lower than the attractant, air is convected and the fragrance flows out of the inlet portion. When the attractant is provided at a position lower than the inlet such as the wall surface of the fragrance reservoir 8, the fragrance is released outside the trap due to air convection, but the trap concentration is reduced because the fragrance concentration in the upper trap 1 is low. Molluscs easily enter the upper vessel. In this case, mollusks approach a substance that causes a fluid secretion reaction, so that the chance of contact with the substance that causes a fluid secretion reaction increases. However, the attractant may be immersed in a substance that causes a fluid secretion reaction.

  When an attractant is placed in the upper part 1 of the catcher and the placed surface is faced down on the ceiling or sideways on the wall, the mollusk killed by poisoning falls and the attractant is less deteriorated. When ingested and hesitated, due to sensory organ paralysis, it will fail to avoid substances that cause fluid secretion, resulting in drowning or dehydration.

In order to maintain the attractant fragrance concentration moderately, the following structure is used.
The bottle structure can reduce the ventilation amount by making the inlet 6 narrower than the diameter of the fragrance reservoir 8. When the entrance portion 6 is provided at one place, the ventilation effect that occurs in a plurality of cases can be prevented. The upper part of the fragrance storage part 8 can be made low concentration and the lower part can be made high concentration by partial ventilation by wind and convection by the specific gravity of fragrance.

  By providing the windproof passage 10 whose opening is lower than the inlet 6 at the inlet 6, it is possible to prevent wind from being directly blown into the fragrance reservoir 8. Since the fragrance convects by making the opening portion of the windbreak passage 10 lower than the entrance portion 6, the mollusk can move to the fragrance storage portion 8.

  The windproof cover 11 can keep the fragrance of the fragrance storage unit 8 by covering the trap so that the wind is not directly applied to the trap. An inlet 13 is provided in the lower part of the windproof cover 11 to diffuse the fragrance out of the windproof cover 11. As for the fragrance concentration, the upper part of the fragrance storage unit 8 can be set to a low concentration, and the lower part of the fragrance storage unit 8 can be set to a high concentration. A plurality of inlets 13 may be provided. In addition, the attractant loading unit 3 may be disposed above the windproof cover 11 and the aroma storage unit 8 may be disposed below.

  According to the second problem-solving means, metaaldehyde, paraaldehyde, or ethanol can be used alone or in combination as an attractant that also serves as a sensory organ paralysis agent. Metaaldehyde and paraaldehyde slowly release acetaldehyde. Ethanol is absorbed from the sensory organs, respiratory organs or body surface and decomposes in the body to acetaldehyde. Since ethanol is easy to evaporate, it is necessary to devise methods such as evaporating slowly through a permeable membrane. Many aromatic compounds have sensory organ paralysis, but it is desirable not to use compounds that are unsuitable as agricultural materials due to their toxicity and persistent properties.

  According to the third problem solving means, a mollusk captured by using a supersaturated or granular chloride of 10% by mass or more also serving as a substance that causes a body fluid secretion reaction is preserved. In the case of 10% by mass or more, there is an effect of suppressing the growth of microorganisms. Chloride having a concentration of 1% by mass or more, which is about twice the salinity of molluscs, also causes a fluid secretion reaction. The rot odor can evade molluscs and attract and breed moths. When using salt water mixed with yeast as an attractant, it was not used at the chloride concentration to prevent spoilage for fermentation. It was necessary to wash at intervals of several days due to decay in traps that floated lettuce etc. in soap solution or salt water or used beer.

  Use a 10% by mass or higher or supersaturated aqueous chloride solution when there is a large amount of capture after the trap is installed. Granular chloride can be used when the amount captured is low. Preservation can reduce maintenance work such as cleaning of traps. However, when scales such as salmon float on the salt water surface, mold may propagate, so it is desirable to wash once a month even when the amount of catch is reduced. When the substance causing the body fluid secretion reaction is an aqueous solution, it is difficult to avoid because the antennae of a mollusk having a body surface covered with mucus sucks up the water surface by touching the water surface.

  Salt and bittern can be used as the chloride. Avoid using salt produced by the sun salt method because halophilic microorganisms may be mixed. Chloride of 10% by mass or more can prevent the propagation of salt-tolerant microorganisms such as food poisoning bacteria. It can also be expected to suppress fragrance degradation by microorganisms.

According to the 4th problem-solving means, the following effect is acquired by using the attractant container 5 which provided the ventilation | gas_flowing screen 19 in the opening part.
(B) Since no attractant adheres to fingers during loading and replacement, contamination of crops and the like is prevented.
(B) To prevent poisoning because pets cannot take the attractant.
(C) Prevent deterioration of attractants due to body fluids of molluscs.
(D) Prevent outflow of the attractant from the container to the river.
(E) Since the attractant is not taken, the loading amount of the attractant can be reduced.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

  FIGS. 1 and 2 show a windproof structure that reduces the amount of wind blown by making the inlet 6 narrower than the diameter of the fragrance reservoir 8 and reduces the amount of wind ventilation by making the inlet 6 one place. It is embodiment of the trap which has.

  Reference numeral 1 denotes an upper part of the catcher, and 2 denotes a lower part of the catcher, which are connected so that the fragrance does not leak.

  3 is an attractant loading part, 5 is an attractant container, 18 is an attractant, 19 is a ventilation screen, and 4 is an attractant loading part lid. The attractant loading part lid 4 is connected to the trap upper part 1.

  Reference numeral 7 denotes an ingress prevention screen, which does not block the ventilation of the fragrance descending from the attractant loading unit 3 and has a size that prevents mollusks from passing through.

  Reference numeral 6 denotes an inlet, which prevents rainwater and irrigation to agricultural products from entering the trap. Direct air blowing into the trap can be reduced by the shape of the inlet 6. Ventilation can be reduced when there is one inlet 6. When the fragrance discharge amount is large, a plurality of inlet portions 6 may be provided.

  Reference numeral 8 denotes an aroma storage unit that stores the aroma that descends from the attractant loading unit 3. Chloride is disposed in the fragrance storage unit 8. Mollusks are numbed in a state of reduced risk avoidance due to the paralysis of the sensory organs caused by the fragrance stored in the fragrance reservoir 8, and contact with chlorides to cause dehydration or drowning.

  Chloride is added in order to keep the concentration of 10% by mass or more when the amount of capture is large. When the amount of capture decreases, granular chloride can be used in the aroma storage part 8.

  In the example in which the volume of the fragrance reservoir 8 is 500 ml, when using salt as chloride, 20 g of salt is added to 50 ml of water to form supersaturated saline. When the water level reaches 40% of the volume, the chloride concentration drops to 10% by mass and there is a risk of spoilage, so the captured mollusks are disposed and washed. With 5 g of salt, there is a risk of spoilage when the water level reaches 10% of the volume. If the aqueous solution becomes turbid or if the captured mollusk absorbs water and swells, the mollusk should be disposed of and washed.

  The aroma storage part 8 can be taken out from the trap 2 and washed. The aroma storage part 8 and the trap lower part 2 may be integrally formed. When chlorides placed in the fragrance storage unit 8 are mixed into the surrounding soil, the growth may be affected depending on the crops, and therefore, disposal must be appropriately handled.

  Reference numeral 9 denotes a fall prevention plate which prevents the fall by widening the bottom. When installing the lower part of the catcher in the soil, pulling resistance is generated, so it can be installed stably. In this case, since the ground clearance of the inlet 6 becomes low, it becomes easy for the rubber leaf to enter the trap.

  Instead of the intrusion prevention screen 7 and the attractant container 5, the attractant may be fixed with glue or the like and arranged downward or sideways so that a mollusk can ingest it. Mollusks that are ingested and killed by poisoning fall. If sensory organs are paralyzed by ingestion, chloride avoidance will fail. In the case of a trap that can take an attractant, limited use of a very small amount of attractant is desirable.

  FIGS. 3 and 4 are embodiments in which a windproof passage is provided in the inlet portion 6 in the trap of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in order to reduce the diffusion of the fragrance of the fragrance reservoir 8 with wind. Reference numeral 10 denotes a windproof passage.

  5 and 6 show an embodiment in which a windproof cover 11 covering the trap is installed. 11 is a windproof cover. Reference numeral 12 denotes a bottom cover of the windproof cover. Reference numeral 13 denotes an entrance through which the mollusk enters the windproof cover 11. The bottom cover 12 of the windproof cover 11 and the fragrance storing part 8 may be integrally formed.

  7 and 8 show an embodiment in which the attractant loading portion 3 is fixed inside the windproof cover 11 and the aroma storage portion 8 provided with the slit of the inlet portion 6 is disposed below. However, the wall surface of the attractant loading unit 3 and the upper end of the fragrance storage unit 8 are arranged so that there is no gap and the mollusk can move to the fragrance storage unit 8.

  By forming the attractant loading part 3 inside the trap, it is difficult to be destroyed by a pet or the like. This loading method can also be employed in the embodiment of FIGS.

  As an example of the shape of the windproof cover 11, it suffices if there is a space in which a trap can be configured. Therefore, an object such as a person, an animal, a house, a vehicle, a stump, or a rock can be used as an object for decorating the garden.

  FIGS. 9 and 10 are traps that are attached to a windproof cover made of ceramic or the like. 14 is a hook. 15 is a pressing plate, and 16 is a screw. Provide a protrusion to attach the trap inside the windproof cover and fix it. Reference numeral 17 denotes a taxiway. This is a passage for the mollusk to move to the trap when the fragrance reservoir 8 is separated from the ground due to the attachment position of the trap to a cover made of ceramic or the like. It is made of a flexible material and is adjusted to the distance from the ground to the fragrance storing portion 8.

FIG. 11 shows an example in which a diaphragm for adjusting the amount of released fragrance is attached to the attractant loading unit lid 4 of FIGS.
Reference numeral 21 denotes an aperture. It is used for adjusting the amount of fragrance released in the case of the attractant container 5 having a large amount of fragrance released by combining the ventilation portion and the shielding portion. After the attractant container 5 is loaded, the squeezing 21 is squeezed for several days so that no repelling reaction occurs.

  12 and 13 are explanatory views of the attractant container 5 used in the trap.

  Reference numeral 19 denotes a ventilation screen. A board or net with fine holes, nonwoven fabric, etc. is used.

  Reference numeral 20 denotes an attractant container lid. It is removed when the attractant container 5 is loaded. Fix non-breathable film etc. to the opening with adhesive etc. to prevent the chemicals from evaporating during storage.

18 is an attractant. An example of a specific method of filling the attractant container 5 with the attractant 18 is as follows:
(B) A cloth or non-woven bag is made of resin as a raw material, and an attractant is enclosed.
(B) The bag of (a) is fixed to the attractant container 5 by heat welding or the like.
(C) A net-like resin is thermally welded to the opening of the attractant container 5 as the ventilation screen 19.
(D) The attractant container lid 20 is attached to the opening of the attractant container 5 with an adhesive or the like.
As described above, the attractant container 5 that does not directly touch the attractant is configured. Alternatively, the attracting agent container 5 and the attracting agent loading unit lid 4 may be integrally formed to directly load the attracting agent, and the ventilation screen 19 may be provided.

  The attractant 18 is mainly composed of metaldehyde. Organic substances that absorb moisture, are susceptible to mold generation, yeast, and lactic acid bacteria fermentation should be avoided because they expedite the consumption of metaaldehyde. Clays may be mixed for convenience of molding. In order to repel mollusks when the amount of fragrance released is too large, when processing to release fragrance slowly over a long period of time, mixing of a porous material is reduced and fragrance is generated by mixing a thickener such as glycerin. Adjust the amount. In addition, you may mix | blend an emetic etc. for ingestion prevention of a pet etc. However, it shall have no odor that mollusks avoid.

  In the trap shown in FIGS. 1 to 10, the attractant loading unit 3 is shown attached to the ceiling surface, but may be provided on the wall surface of the aroma storage unit 8. In this case, since the attractant approaches a substance that causes a fluid secretion reaction, the chance of mollusk contact increases. In addition, mollusks can be captured even when a commercially available attractant is loaded on the intrusion prevention screen 7 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 without using the attractant container 5. In addition, when it is set as the trap which a mollusk can ingest an attractant, it is desirable to keep the loading amount of an attractant to a very small amount.

  The materials and paints of the traps should be those that do not contain or have no effect on formaldehyde, etc. that mollusks repel. Since acetaldehyde is a corrosive gas, avoid using metal materials such as copper.

  Avoid installing traps near ventilation windows or exhaust fans. In the windy state, the fragrance flows to the lower side, so it is desirable to install the trap on the ground convex part.

  An experiment was conducted in which the captured mollusks were left untreated for about one month using the experimental traps simplified in FIGS. About one month after installation, the aroma storage part 8 was washed without changing the attractant, and 20 g of granular salt was placed in the same installation place.

The conditions such as the size of the trap used in the experiment are as follows.
(A) The volume of the fragrance storage unit 8 is 500 ml.
(B) Use 10 g of salt in 25 ml of water.
(C) The entrance prevention screen 7 is loaded with 1.5 g of an attractant containing 3% by mass of methaldehyde.
(D) One entrance 6 having an opening area of 4.5 square cm is installed.

The following has been observed in this experiment.
(I) Observe the first capture 4 days after installation.
(B) No capture of dandelion is observed.
(C) About one month after installation, mold occurred on part of the water surface. There is a raw odor but no rot odor. Cockroaches were captured.
(D) Mollusks do not rot and remain in shape.
(E) About 1 month after installation, when the granular salt is placed after washing the aroma reservoir 8, the capture of mollusks is observed.

The following can be considered in this experiment.
(B) Due to the large amount of fragrance generated immediately after installation and the windproof structure of the trap, it cannot be captured by repelling reaction in the case of high concentration fragrance.
(B) New capture will not be seen after about 1 week from the start of capture. If the amount of catch is large, it can be inferred that the odor that molluscs avoid is generated even if the rot is prevented by chloride.
(C) When left for a long period of time, mold may form on the surface of the water due to spoilage due to a decrease in salt concentration associated with the amount captured, or scales of straw.
(D) The rot odor was prevented by the antiseptic action of high-concentration chloride, and the propagation of cocoons was prevented.
(E) An effective fragrance was generated about one month after installation.

  When a trap with an attractant of 0.1 g and a volume of the fragrance reservoir 8 of about 100 ml was used, simultaneous capture of molluscs and grasshoppers was observed. It can be inferred that dandelion shows a repellent reaction at a lower concentration than molluscs.

Sectional drawing of the trap which shows embodiment of this invention. The fragmentary sectional view of FIG. Sectional drawing of the trap which provided the windbreak channel | path. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 3. Sectional drawing of the trap which combined the windproof cover. FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 5. Sectional drawing of the trap which provided the attractant loading part and the aroma storage part in the windbreak cover. FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 7. Sectional drawing of the trap for windproof covers, such as ceramics. FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 9. The fragmentary sectional view of the attractant loading part lid | cover 4 which attached the aperture_diaphragm | restriction. Sectional drawing of the attractant container used for a trap. The fragmentary sectional view of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Trapper upper part 2 Trapper lower part 3 Attractant loading part 4 Attractant loading part cover 5 Attractant container 6 Inlet part 7 Ingress prevention screen 8 Aromatic storage part 9 Fall prevention plate 10 Windproof passage 11 Windproof cover 12 Bottom cover 13 Inlet 14 Hook 15 Holding Plate 16 Screw 17 Guideway 18 Attractant 19 Ventilation Screen 20 Attractant Container Lid 21 Aperture

Claims (1)

(1) An attractant loading unit 3 for arranging an attractant mixed with metaaldehyde, which is a source of acetaldehyde aroma, is provided in the upper part of the trap, or an attractant loading unit 3 is provided on the wall of the aroma storage unit 8 .
(2) The inlet 6 is provided above the fragrance reservoir 8.
(3) Ventilation by making the inlet 6 narrower than the diameter of the fragrance reservoir 8 in order to increase the concentration of the fragrance below the upper portion of the fragrance reservoir 8 by convection due to the specific gravity of the aroma and partial ventilation by the wind. A structure for reducing the amount or a structure for covering the fragrance storing portion 8 so as not to be directly blown by air.
(4) Due to the partial ventilation by the wind, the concentration of fragrance at the top of the fragrance reservoir 8 is low, so mollusks enter the entrance 6 without avoiding the fragrance, and the concentration of fragrance from the attractant loading section 3 It has a structure which can move to the lower part of the high aroma storage part 8.
(5) Use the action of sensory organ paralysis by exposing the fragrance and the action of sensory organ paralysis by ingesting the attractant placed in the attractant loading unit 3.
(6) In order to make the mollusk paralyzed by sensory organs fail to avoid danger and to preserve the captured mollusc, 10 mass% or more of supersaturated or granular chloride is placed in the fragrance reservoir 8.
A mollusk trap characterized by being configured as described above.

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