JP3969355B2 - Method for agglomeration of suspended material - Google Patents
Method for agglomeration of suspended material Download PDFInfo
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- JP3969355B2 JP3969355B2 JP2003179181A JP2003179181A JP3969355B2 JP 3969355 B2 JP3969355 B2 JP 3969355B2 JP 2003179181 A JP2003179181 A JP 2003179181A JP 2003179181 A JP2003179181 A JP 2003179181A JP 3969355 B2 JP3969355 B2 JP 3969355B2
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- Prior art keywords
- water glass
- added
- polymer flocculant
- flocculant
- suspended
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 4
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004931 aggregating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical group NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 231100000647 material safety data sheet Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004520 agglutination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002618 waking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、懸濁物質を含有する原液に高分子凝集剤と水ガラスを添加して、懸濁物質のフロックを生成させる凝集処理方法の改良に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、浄水、下水および産業排水に高分子凝集剤や無機凝集剤を、単独またはそれらを組み合わせて添加し、懸濁物質を凝集させて脱水する方法は良く知られている。無機凝集剤はフロックの機械的強度は余り大きくなく、フロックの大きさや沈降速度に限界があり、真空ろ過機や加圧ろ過機に汚泥の調質剤として使用している。高分子凝集剤は、長い鎖状の分子構造をもっており、フロックの結合力が強められ、粒径が大きく、沈降速度の速いフロックが得られ、スクリュープレスやベルトプレスの脱水用に使用している。また、原液中の懸濁物質に水ガラスを加えた後、高分子凝集剤を添加して十分な聚合条件を与え、次に、多価電解質を添加撹拌して懸濁物質の凝集体を生成させる凝集処理方法は、特許文献１に記載してあるように公知である。そして、珪酸水溶液を無機金属塩凝集剤とともに処理対象原液に注入する凝集処理方法も、特許文献２に記載してあるように公知である。
【０００３】
【特許文献１】
特開昭５２−２５４５８号公報（特許請求の範囲、発明の詳細な説明の欄）
【特許文献２】
特開平１１−５７７４０号公報（段落番号００１７乃至段落番号００１９、図１）
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来、水ガラスを混合した原液に、高分子凝集剤を添加する凝集処理方法は、高分子凝集剤を添加した時点では、原液の懸濁物質は凝集せず、懸濁物質の周囲に水ガラスが混在する。高分子凝集剤と水ガラスの凝集反応から白濁の浮遊物が発生し、懸濁物質に直接高分子凝集剤の凝集効果が働かなくなる。そして、特許文献２に記載してあるように、従来の珪酸水溶液を無機金属塩凝集剤とともに処理対象原液に注入する凝集処理方法では、処理水が酸性となり、装置類を腐食させる。この発明は、原液中の懸濁物質を凝集性の優れたフロックに形成させ、凝集フロックの脱水性と剥離性を向上させる懸濁物質の凝集処理方法を提供することを目的とする。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明の要旨は、懸濁物質を含有する原液にカチオン系高分子凝集剤を添加して凝集フロックを生成させた後、調整した水ガラスを緩速撹拌しながら添加して、凝集フロックに反応させる原液の凝集処理方法である。調整した水ガラスは、水ガラスを３０〜４０倍に希釈してＳｉＯ2濃度０．７２〜０．９６％の珪酸ソーダ水溶液を作り、リン酸を加えてｐＨ６〜７に調整し、１０〜１５分放置した後、無色透明から白濁に変化している活性化状態の水溶液を、浄水汚泥の凝集剤として用いるものである。原液中の懸濁物質は、凝集性に優れたフロックに形成され、凝集フロックの脱水性と剥離性を向上させることができる。
【０００６】
【発明の実施の形態】
この発明に係る懸濁物質の凝集処理方法は上記のように構成してあり、カチオン系高分子凝集剤により凝集フロックが形成され、アニオン効果を持つ水ガラスの添加により凝集フロック同志が結合し、さらにしっかりした大きいフロックを形成し、沈降濃縮性が増加する。また、高分子凝集剤の添加率も水中のアクリルアミドモノマーの基準残存量以下に限定して使用するため、安全性の問題はない。
【０００７】
【実施例】
この発明に係る懸濁物質の凝集処理方法について、凝集実験と脱水実験を行った。この実験に用いる試薬と試験液は、下記のように調整した。
▲１▼水ガラスの調整は、水ガラス３号を３０〜４０倍に希釈してＳｉＯ2濃度０．７２〜０．９６％の珪酸ソーダ水溶液を作り、この珪酸ソーダ水溶液に燐酸を加え中和してｐＨ６〜７に調整した。１０〜１５分放置すると、珪酸ソーダ水溶液は無色透明から白濁を呈し、活性化したものを凝集剤として用いる。なお、珪酸ソーダ水溶液は放置している時間が２０〜２５分経過すると、活性のないゲルとなり、凝集剤としての効果が失われる。
▲２▼試験液は、ＳＳ濃度４．４％ｗ／ｖの浄水スラッジを水道水にて２倍に希釈し、ＳＳ濃度２．２％ｗ／ｖとした。
▲３▼カチオン系有機高分子凝集剤は、石垣メンテナンス株式会社のイシフロックＩＣＤ３８３２を使用した。
【０００８】
凝集試験は、作成した試薬と試験液を用いて下記の４方法について行った。
ａ．浄水スラッジの試験液に、調整した水ガラスのみ添加した（添加率１１．４％対ＳＳ）。活性化する前段の水ガラスを添加した場合には、フロックが寒天状に固まった。時間が経過して活性化した水ガラスでは、ドロッとしたゾル状の凝集フロックとなった。
ｂ．浄水スラッジの試験液に、カチオン系有機高分子凝集剤のみ添加した（添加率１．１８％対ＳＳ）。その結果の凝集フロックは良好であった。
ｃ．浄水スラッジの試験液に、調整水ガラス、高カチオン系有機高分子凝集剤の順に添加した。高分子凝集剤を添加した時点では、ＳＳの周囲に水ガラスが混在し、高分子凝集剤の効果が懸濁物質に直接働かなかった。試験液の懸濁物質とは凝集せずに水ガラスと凝集が起こり、白色の浮遊物が発生した。これは、カチオンポリマーがプラスに荷電する傾向があり、原液中の懸濁物質と混在するマィナスに荷電した水ガラスとの凝集反応が優先されたものと考えられる。
ｄ．浄水スラッジの試験液に、高カチオン系有機高分子凝集剤、調整水ガラスの順に添加した。その結果は、水ガラスを添加した時点で、沈降濃縮性が増加した。これは、予め、懸濁物質がカチオンポリマーにより凝集フロックを形成し、水ガラスの添加によりアニオン効果が発揮され、凝集フロックに反応して、さらにしっかりしたフロックを形成するものと考えられる。
【０００９】
凝集試験でフロックが形成された（ｂ）高カチオン系有機高分子凝集剤のみを添加した浄水スラッジと、（ｄ）高カチオン系有機高分子凝集剤、調整水ガラスの順に添加した浄水スラッジを、簡易ベルト型のテスト機で脱水し、ケーキ水分とろ過能力を測定した。その結果は、表１のとおりである。（ｂ）の高分子単独では、ろ布からの剥離性が非常に悪かった。（ｄ）については、水ガラスを添加することで、高分子単独よりろ過能力が増加し、剥離性も大きく向上した。懸濁物質を含有する原液に高分子凝集剤を添加し、その後段に調整水ガラスを緩速撹拌しながら添加することで、沈降濃縮性が増し、脱水性の向上が図れることが分った。
【００１０】
【表１】
ポリマー使用の安全性は、各々のポリマーについて経済産業省のＭＳＤＳ制度（Ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌ Ｓａｆｅｔｙ Ｄａｔａ Ｓｈｅｅｔ）に従いアクリルアミドモノマー残存量の記入が義務づけられている。ＭＳＤＳ制度により義務づけられたポリマーを使用し、かつポリマー添加量を０．２ｇ／ｌ以下に抑えることで、厚生省の薬品基準（ポリマー中のアクリルアミドモノマーの含有量が、０．０５％以下）を満足し、かつ施設基準値については、０．０５μｇ／ｌを満足する添加量となる。
【００１２】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、この発明に係る懸濁物質の凝集処理方法は、安全性が保たれて、浄水汚泥の凝集性の優れたフロックを形成させ、凝集フロックの脱水性と剥離性を向上させることができる。即ち、従来の水ガラスを混合した原液に、高分子凝集剤を添加する凝集処理方法は、懸濁物質に高分子凝集剤の凝集効果が働かず、高分子凝集剤と水ガラスが凝集反応を起こす恐れがあった。そして、従来の珪酸水溶液を無機金属塩凝集剤とともに処理対象原液に注入する凝集処理方法は、処理水が酸性となり、装置類が腐食する恐れがあったものであるが、この発明にあっては、懸濁物質を含有する原液にカチオン系高分子凝集剤を添加して凝集フロックを生成させた後、調整した水ガラスを緩速撹拌しながら添加して、凝集フロックに反応させる原液の凝集処理方法であり、高い凝集効果が得られる。
【００１３】
調整した水ガラスは、ＳｉＯ2濃度０．７２〜０．９６％の珪酸ソーダ水溶液を作り、リン酸を加えてｐＨ６〜７に調整し、１０〜１５分放置した後、浄水汚泥の凝集剤として用いるもので、カチオン系高分子凝集剤により凝集フロックが形成され、アニオン効果を持つ水ガラスの添加により凝集フロックに反応して、さらにしっかりした大きいフロックを形成し、沈降濃縮性が増加する。また、高分子凝集剤の添加率も水中のアクリルアミドモノマーの基準残存量以下であり、安全性にも問題がないものである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an improvement in a coagulation treatment method in which a polymer flocculant and water glass are added to a stock solution containing a suspended substance to generate a floc of the suspended substance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a method of adding a polymer flocculant or an inorganic flocculant to purified water, sewage, and industrial wastewater alone or in combination to agglomerate suspended substances to dehydrate them is well known. Inorganic flocculants are not so strong in floc mechanical strength and have limitations on floc size and sedimentation speed, and are used as sludge refining agents in vacuum and pressure filters. The polymer flocculant has a long chain molecular structure, strengthens the binding force of floc, obtains floc with a large particle size and fast sedimentation speed, and is used for dehydration of screw presses and belt presses . Also, after adding water glass to the suspended solids in the stock solution, a polymer flocculant is added to give sufficient mixing conditions, and then a polyelectrolyte is added and stirred to produce suspended solids aggregates The aggregation treatment method to be performed is known as described in Patent Document 1. And the aggregating method which inject | pours silicic acid aqueous solution into a process target stock solution with an inorganic metal salt flocculant is also well-known as described in patent document 2. FIG.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-52-25458 (claims, detailed description of the invention)
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-57740 (paragraph numbers 0017 to 0019, FIG. 1)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, a coagulation treatment method in which a polymer flocculant is added to a stock solution mixed with water glass does not agglomerate suspended material in the stock solution when the polymer flocculant is added. Are mixed. The agglomeration reaction between the polymer flocculant and water glass generates a cloudy suspended substance, and the agglomeration effect of the polymer flocculant does not work directly on the suspended matter. And as described in Patent Document 2, in the aggregating method in which a conventional silicic acid aqueous solution is injected into a processing target stock solution together with an inorganic metal salt aggregating agent, the treated water becomes acidic and corrodes the devices. An object of the present invention is to provide a suspension material coagulation treatment method in which suspended substances in a stock solution are formed into flocs having excellent coagulation properties, and the dewaterability and peelability of the aggregate flocs are improved.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The gist of the present invention is that a cationic polymer flocculant is added to a stock solution containing suspended solids to produce agglomerated flocs, and then the prepared water glass is added with slow stirring to react to the agglomerated flocs. This is a method for aggregating the stock solution. The adjusted water glass is diluted with water glass 30 to 40 times to make a sodium silicate aqueous solution having a SiO 2 concentration of 0.72 to 0.96%, adjusted to pH 6 to 7 by adding phosphoric acid, and 10 to 15 An activated aqueous solution that changes from being colorless and transparent to being cloudy after being allowed to stand is used as a flocculant for purified water sludge. Suspended substances in the stock solution are formed into flocs excellent in cohesiveness, and can improve the dewaterability and peelability of the aggregated flocs.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The method for aggregating a suspended substance according to the present invention is configured as described above, and an aggregated floc is formed by the cationic polymer flocculant, and the aggregated flocs are combined by the addition of water glass having an anionic effect, Furthermore, a firm and large floc is formed, and sedimentation concentration is increased. In addition, since the addition rate of the polymer flocculant is limited to a reference residual amount or less of the acrylamide monomer in water, there is no safety problem.
[0007]
【Example】
With respect to the method for aggregating a suspended substance according to the present invention, an aggregation experiment and a dehydration experiment were performed. The reagents and test solutions used in this experiment were prepared as follows.
(1) The water glass is prepared by diluting the water glass No. 3 30 to 40 times to make a sodium silicate aqueous solution with a SiO 2 concentration of 0.72 to 0.96%, and neutralizing by adding phosphoric acid to this sodium silicate aqueous solution. The pH was adjusted to 6-7. When left for 10 to 15 minutes, the aqueous sodium silicate solution is colorless and transparent to cloudy, and the activated one is used as a flocculant. When the sodium silicate aqueous solution is left for 20 to 25 minutes, it becomes an inactive gel and loses its effect as a flocculant.
(2) The test solution was prepared by diluting a purified water sludge having an SS concentration of 4.4% w / v twice with tap water to an SS concentration of 2.2% w / v.
(3) Ishifrock ICD3832 from Ishigaki Maintenance Co., Ltd. was used as the cationic organic polymer flocculant.
[0008]
The aggregation test was performed for the following four methods using the prepared reagent and test solution.
a. Only the adjusted water glass was added to the test solution of purified water sludge (addition rate 11.4% vs. SS). When the water glass in the previous stage to be activated was added, the floc solidified in the form of agar. The water glass activated over time became a dripping sol-like aggregated floc.
b. Only the cationic organic polymer flocculant was added to the purified water sludge test solution (addition rate: 1.18% vs. SS). The resulting aggregated floc was good.
c. The adjusted water glass and the highly cationic organic polymer flocculant were added to the test solution of the purified water sludge in this order. When the polymer flocculant was added, water glass was mixed around the SS, and the effect of the polymer flocculant did not directly act on the suspended substance. Aggregation with water glass occurred without agglomeration with the suspended solids of the test solution, and white suspended matter was generated. This is because the cationic polymer tends to be positively charged, and it is considered that the agglomeration reaction with negatively charged water glass mixed with suspended substances in the stock solution is given priority.
d. A high cationic organic polymer flocculant and adjusted water glass were added to the purified water sludge test solution in this order. As a result, sedimentation concentration increased when water glass was added. This is presumably because the suspended substance forms aggregated flocs with the cationic polymer in advance, and the anionic effect is exhibited by the addition of water glass, and reacts with the aggregated flocs to form a firmer floc.
[0009]
A purified water sludge in which flocs were formed in the agglomeration test (b) a purified water sludge added only with a high cationic organic polymer flocculant, and (d) a purified water sludge added in the order of a highly cationic organic polymer flocculant and adjusted water glass, The cake was dehydrated with a simple belt type tester, and the moisture content of the cake and the filtration capacity were measured. The results are shown in Table 1. With the polymer (b) alone, the peelability from the filter cloth was very poor. As for (d), the addition of water glass increased the filtration capacity compared with the polymer alone and greatly improved the peelability. It was found that by adding the polymer flocculant to the stock solution containing suspended solids and adding the adjusted water glass to the subsequent stage with slow stirring, the sedimentation concentration can be increased and the dehydration can be improved. .
[0010]
[Table 1]
As for the safety of polymer use, the remaining amount of acrylamide monomer is required for each polymer in accordance with the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry MSDS system (Material Safety Data Sheet). Meets the chemical standards of the Ministry of Health and Welfare (content of acrylamide monomer in the polymer is 0.05% or less) by using the polymer required by the MSDS system and keeping the amount of polymer added to 0.2 g / l or less In addition, the facility standard value is an addition amount satisfying 0.05 μg / l.
[0012]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the flocculation treatment method for suspended solids according to the present invention can maintain the safety and form flocs with excellent coagulability of the purified water sludge and improve the dewaterability and peelability of the flocculated flocs. Can do. That is, the conventional coagulation treatment method in which a polymer flocculant is added to a stock solution in which water glass is mixed does not act on the suspended substance, and the polymer flocculant and water glass cause an agglutination reaction. There was a risk of waking up. And the flocculation treatment method in which the conventional silicic acid aqueous solution is injected into the undiluted solution to be treated together with the inorganic metal salt flocculating agent has the possibility that the treated water becomes acidic and the equipment may be corroded. Addition of a cationic polymer flocculant to the stock solution containing suspended solids to produce agglomerated flocs, and then add the prepared water glass with slow stirring to agglomerate the stock solution to react with the agglomerated flocs It is a method and a high aggregation effect is obtained.
[0013]
The adjusted water glass makes a sodium silicate aqueous solution having a SiO 2 concentration of 0.72 to 0.96%, adjusts to pH 6 to 7 by adding phosphoric acid, and is allowed to stand for 10 to 15 minutes. In use, agglomerated flocs are formed by the cationic polymer flocculant, and the addition of water glass having an anionic effect reacts with the agglomerated flocs to form firmer and larger flocs, increasing sedimentation concentration. Also, the addition rate of the polymer flocculant is below the reference residual amount of acrylamide monomer in water, and there is no problem in safety.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB9116701D0 (en) * | 1991-08-02 | 1991-09-18 | Allied Colloids Ltd | Dewatering of aqueous suspensions |
| GB9116702D0 (en) * | 1991-08-02 | 1991-09-18 | Allied Colloids Ltd | Dewatering of aqueous suspensions |
| JP3723625B2 (en) * | 1995-10-17 | 2005-12-07 | 株式会社テルナイト | Treatment method for high water content sludge |
| JP3700892B2 (en) * | 1997-09-17 | 2005-09-28 | 株式会社荏原製作所 | Method for producing flocculant |
| JPH11114315A (en) * | 1997-10-09 | 1999-04-27 | Ebara Corp | Flocculant |
| US6571206B1 (en) * | 1998-01-15 | 2003-05-27 | Phoenix Technologies Ltd. | Apparatus and method for emulating an I/O instruction for the correct processor and for servicing software SMI's in a multi-processor environment |
| JPH11216478A (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 1999-08-10 | Ebara Corp | Flocculation treatment of water and inorganic flocculant |
| JP2002079004A (en) * | 2000-09-07 | 2002-03-19 | Yoshiro Wakimura | Aggregation method |
| JP2002113500A (en) * | 2000-10-06 | 2002-04-16 | Yuji Tanaka | Method for treating waste muddy water |
| JP4184069B2 (en) * | 2001-12-27 | 2008-11-19 | 東曹産業株式会社 | Inorganic flocculant for water treatment and method of using the same |
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