JP3838387B2 - Surveying system and surveying method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a surveying system and a surveying method for surveying terrain and surveying a reference point using a surveying instrument such as a GPS (Global Positioning System) surveying instrument or an angle measuring device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Today, various types of surveying using a GPS surveying instrument have come into use.
In surveying using this GPS surveying instrument, the GPS surveying instrument is installed at one or more points where the coordinates are fixed, and the coordinates of the GPS surveying instrument provided at the measuring points where the coordinates are not fixed are calculated and determined. It was a new reference point.
[0003]
The GPS surveying instrument includes a receiving antenna that receives radio waves from a satellite, and an information collecting device such as a portable personal computer that selects and stores a predetermined signal among the received signals. Receive radio waves from the same satellite at different points.
As described above, when determining new coordinates using a plurality of GPS surveying instruments, each GPS surveying instrument simultaneously receives radio waves from a plurality of satellites, and the plurality of satellites are the same satellite. It was necessary.
[0004]
In this case, a specific known point is selected from known points whose coordinates have already been determined, and the measurement error is corrected by the net average between the position of the new point for which the coordinate is obtained and the position of the selected known point. Known points are determined so that surveying accuracy can be improved.
In addition, it is also carried out as a survey plan to determine a satellite to be received based on a time when each GPS surveying instrument can receive radio waves from the same satellite.
[0005]
Based on this survey plan, the satellite number to be received by the GPS surveying instrument, the reception start time, the reception time, etc. are determined and set in the microcomputer as the information collecting device.
Then, the surveying plan is made in this way, and by performing the surveying based on the surveying plan, necessary data is extracted from the radio wave received by the receiving antenna and recorded in the information collecting device. Then, after taking the received and recorded survey data back to the office etc., load the survey data by the analysis means that is a computer incorporating analysis software, perform the analysis process, and the relative position of the position where each GPS survey instrument was installed I was looking for a relationship.
[0006]
Similarly, in surveying using an angle measuring device with a built-in microcomputer that can measure the direction angle, vertical angle, and distance to a measuring point with high accuracy, called a total station, a new target on the map can be used. The approximate position of the point was determined, and the known point was determined.
In such an angle measuring device, a plurality of measuring points that are visible between a known point and a target new point are determined, a measuring point where the angle measuring device is installed is determined, and A target measurement point that can be visually recognized from the point is determined, and a survey plan including a measurement direction by the angle measuring device is made, and a survey is performed on the site based on the survey plan.
[0007]
In planning these survey plans, an average plan map is created based on the collocation chart using a computer, and the survey points are determined so that it is as easy as possible to correct the survey error by the net average. Was also done.
In addition, the collocation chart is to select and determine a known point that can be easily corrected by a network average among a number of known points whose coordinates are determined for a new point whose coordinates are not fixed. is there. Further, the average chart determines the combination of polygons necessary for accurately calculating the coordinates of the new point while correcting the survey error by combining the determined known point and the new point. The observation map defines surveying conditions at each measurement point based on the average map, and when using an angle measurement device such as a total station, it is necessary to install the angle measurement device at which point. It also defines the direction and distance to the station. Further, the sky map shows the positions of the satellites at the respective measuring points at each time, and is for determining the receivable satellites at each time.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, when surveying is performed using a GPS surveying instrument, the surveying can be achieved by performing analysis by combining the reception data of a plurality of receiving antennas in the GPS surveying instrument.
The received data of each GPS surveying instrument includes satellite identification codes, time data, position data, etc., but reception settings are correctly performed and received only with the received data of one GPS surveying instrument. In many cases, it was difficult to judge whether or not
[0009]
For this reason, if it is found that the received data of each GPS surveying instrument is taken back and analysis is performed by combining the received data, if it is found that one of the receptions has not been performed correctly, it is necessary to return to the site and perform surveying again. When the site is far away, a lot of time and effort is required again.
Also, when using an angle measuring device such as a total station, the number of measurement points is large, and an analysis based on distance and angle data between the measurement points is necessary to perform accurate surveying.
[0010]
For this reason, it is often difficult to determine whether or not accurate surveying has been performed at the site, and it may be determined that re-surveying is necessary as a result of analysis after taking it back to the office. It was.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention comprises a central processing unit and a plurality of surveying instruments. The central processing unit includes a survey plan management means for storing a survey plan such as the installation position of the survey instrument, and survey data of each survey instrument via a communication unit. Data importing means, surveying data analysis means for analyzing surveys using the survey data imported into the data importing means, and combining the analysis results with the survey plan to determine whether the survey error is within the allowable range. The analysis result judging means for outputting a warning signal when the data exceeds the limit , the data fetching means and the analysis result judging means are connected to the communication means, and the survey data received by the communication means is sent to the data fetching means to determine the analysis result and a communication connecting means Ru to send a warning signal from the means from the communication means, the surveying instrument, Ri sent to the centralized processing unit via the communication means survey data A surveying system having a transmission and reception control unit that displays a warning on the display unit of the information collecting device when the warning signal is issued from the centralized processing unit.
[0012]
As described above, the surveying instrument is provided with the transmission / reception control unit, and the surveying instrument can transmit the surveying data by the communication unit, and the central processing unit has the data capturing unit and the surveying data analyzing unit for capturing the surveying data of each surveying instrument. During surveying, or with the surveying equipment installed at the site even at the end of surveying, the central processing unit can analyze the survey results and determine whether the survey error is within the allowable range. when it exceeds the Ru can prompt a re-surveying the work who is operating the surveying equipment to output a warning signal.
[0013]
In the present invention, it is preferable that the central processing unit is connected to a telephone line, and the communication means of each surveying instrument is a surveying system using a mobile phone.
In this way, if a mobile phone is used as the communication means, survey data can be easily sent to the central processing unit from surveying equipment installed at various outdoor positions.
Further, according to the present invention, a surveying system in which each surveying instrument is a GPS surveying instrument is provided.
[0014]
In this way, in a survey system in which each surveying instrument is a GPS surveying instrument, it is often impossible to confirm whether or not the surveying instrument alone is receiving as set according to the survey plan. Even if the survey is extremely difficult to determine whether the survey is correct or not, it is possible to know the correctness of the survey result in a short time during the survey or after the survey is completed by transmitting the survey data to the central processing unit.
[0015]
The present invention, when surveying using sequential plurality of surveying devices with a large number of measuring points according to survey planning, transmitted from surveying the site by communication means survey data of each surveying equipment to the centralized processor, the centralized processing unit analyzes to calculate the measurement point coordinate determined the relative position of each measurement point to match the survey data of each surveying instruments, further, re-surveying from centralized processing unit when performing determination analysis results required re surveying A re-survey request is sent to the surveying equipment that needs to be used.
[0016]
In this way, surveying data is transmitted to the central processing unit by communication means, so the survey results are analyzed by the central processing unit while surveying equipment is installed on site during surveying or at the end of surveying. And can promptly inform the field workers of the need for re-surveying.
In the present invention, it is preferable to first confirm the number of surveying data when analyzing the surveying results using the central processing unit.
[0017]
Thus, if the number of data is confirmed first, an error in the number of surveys such as a surveying procedure can be found in a short time.
Furthermore, as the present invention, the centralized processing unit, may be stored data of survey planning, performs confirmation of surveying procedure by the centralized processing unit, it is preferable to transmit the instruction data survey procedure surveying instruments .
[0018]
In this way, if the surveying procedure is confirmed by the central processing unit and the work procedure data is transmitted from the central processing unit to the surveying equipment , the on-site worker can be informed of the operating procedure . Survey work can be performed quickly and effectively by confirming the work.
In the present invention, the communication means is preferably a mobile phone.
[0019]
As described above, when a mobile phone is used as the communication means, survey data can be easily sent to the central processing unit from surveying equipment installed at various environmental conditions in the outdoors and suburbs.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The first embodiment of the present invention performs surveying using a GPS surveying instrument. The centralized processing apparatus according to this embodiment uses a computer connected to a telephone line 29 via a modem 28 as shown in FIG. The computer as the central processing apparatus 10 has an input means 21 such as a keyboard, a display means 22 such as a CRT, and an output means 23 such as a printer, and the main body includes a survey plan management means 11, a data capture means 12, and a survey. It has functions as data analysis means 13, analysis result judgment means 14, and communication connection means 15.
[0021]
This survey plan management means 11 memorizes survey methods based on collocation maps, average maps, observation maps and sky maps. This surveying method is information necessary for surveying, such as observation position information, surveying start time, surveying time, satellite number to be received, and the like.
The survey plan also includes data relating to the coordinates of the known points, the type and product number of the survey instrument to be used, and the installation position of the receiving antenna 31 as each survey instrument, as in the prior art.
[0022]
In addition, as in the past, collocation charts, average charts, observation charts, and sky charts are created based on experience using drawings, or separately created using a computer, and survey plans based on these figures are managed as survey plans. It is sufficient to store it in the means 11. However, data and programs such as collocation charts, average charts, observation charts, and sky charts are also incorporated into the computer as the central processing unit 10, and a survey plan is created by the survey plan management means 11, and the created survey plan is used as the survey plan. It can also be stored in the management means 11.
[0023]
The data fetching means 12 stores the survey data of each surveying instrument 30 sent via the telephone line 29 and the modem 28 separately for each GPS surveying instrument that is each surveying instrument 30.
The data fetching means 12 reads survey data from a specific GPS surveying instrument via the communication connection means 15 at a predetermined time based on the survey plan stored in the survey plan managing means 11.
[0024]
Further, the survey data analysis means 13 analyzes the meaning of the survey data stored in the data capture means 12 based on the survey method stored in the survey plan management means 11, and the relative position of each survey point. In addition to obtaining the relationship, the survey error is corrected by the polygonal network, and the coordinates of the survey point are calculated. The analysis result determination means 14 continues the analysis while confirming whether each survey result is within the allowable range, creates a table, drawing, or document as the survey result, and displays the display means 22 or the output means. It is possible to output to 23.
[0025]
The analysis result judging means 14 compares the result of the analysis processing with the expected value of the survey plan, etc., and when a result exceeding the allowable range is calculated, the communication connection means 15 is connected to the GPS surveying instrument that requires re-execution of the survey. A warning signal may be output via the.
The communication connection means 15 is controlled by the data capturing means 12, the analysis result judgment means 14, or the survey plan management means 11 and concentrated on the communication means 49 attached to the GPS surveying instrument 30 as the surveying instrument 30 through the telephone line 29. The processing apparatus 10 is connected. Further, when a signal is input from the communication means 49 attached to the GPS surveying instrument, the communication connection means 15 connects the communication means 49 to each means of the central processing unit 10 and transmits data or the like to the required means. Is.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 1B, the GPS surveying instrument that is the surveying instrument 30 has the receiving antenna 31 and the portable personal computer that is the information collecting device 35, and the surveying point where the surveying mark is installed. The receiving antenna 31 is fixed on the 55 using a tripod 51 or the like. Further, the GPS surveying instrument has a mobile phone as a communication means 49 connected to the information collecting device 35 through a modem 48.
[0027]
This information collection device 35 is a portable personal computer having an input unit such as a keyboard and a display unit 39 such as a liquid crystal screen, and has the functions of the survey control means 36 and the survey data storage means 37 as in the prior art. In the radio wave received by the receiving antenna 31 by the surveying control means 36, the set time and time and necessary data from the selected satellite are selected and stored in the survey data storage means 37.
[0028]
The information collecting device 35 also has a function as a transmission / reception control means 38 in addition to the survey control means 36 and the survey data storage means 37.
The transmission / reception control unit 38 controls the operation of the communication unit 49 to send the survey data stored in the survey data storage unit 37 to the central processing unit 10 at a predetermined time. Further, even when a data read control signal is input from the central processing unit 10, the transmission / reception control unit 38 performs control to send the survey data stored in the survey data storage unit 37 to the central processing unit 10. Further, when a warning signal is issued from the central processing unit 10, a warning is displayed on the display unit of the information collecting device 35, and a warning sound is generated in the information collecting device 35 having a sounding device.
[0029]
The communication means 49 is a mobile phone, and the transmission / reception control means 38 includes a telephone number of the telephone line 29 to which the central processing unit 10 is connected, a communication protocol with the modem 28 attached to the central processing unit 10, etc. Is set in advance. When a general telephone line is drawn to the surveying site, the telephone line can be used directly as the communication means 49.
[0030]
Therefore, in this system, when the surveying is started by the GPS surveying instrument and the surveying data is stored in the surveying data storage unit 37 of the information collecting device 35, the centralized processing device transmits the surveying data by the transmission / reception control unit 38 via the communication unit 49. Can be transferred to 10. Then, the survey data analysis means 13 and the analysis result judgment means 14 determine the suitability of the survey data, and immediately after surveying or after the survey is completed, the surveying instrument 30 is a GPS surveying instrument installed at the survey point, and re-surveying is immediately performed. You can know whether it is necessary.
[0031]
In addition, an angle measuring device 33 such as a total station may be used as a surveying system using the surveying instrument.
In this system, as a survey plan to be stored in the survey plan management means 11 of the central processing unit 10 shown in FIG. 1A, a survey plan adapted to the angle measuring device 33 is stored. The survey data analysis means 13 is set as survey data analysis means 13 for analyzing the distance data, angle data, and coordinate data of the angle measuring device 33 based on the survey plan.
[0032]
As a surveying instrument, a communication means 49 is connected to a data storage device 41 via a modem 48 as shown in FIG.
This data storage device 41 is connected to the main body of the total station and uses a microcomputer used as an external storage device for taking out the survey data stored in the internal computer of the total station main body. And it has the data reading means 43 which takes out the surveying data memorize | stored in the internal computer of the total station 33, and also has the transmission / reception control means 45.
[0033]
The transmission / reception control means 45 and the modem 48 are the same as the transmission / reception control means 38 and the modem 48 of the GPS surveying instrument.
In this way, by providing the communication means 49 in the surveying instrument 30 so that the surveying data can be transmitted to the central processing unit 10, the surveying data can be transferred when surveying at a new point whose coordinates are unknown is completed. In this case, re-surveying can be started without changing the surveying instrument 30 at the survey point. Moreover, when surveying is completed, survey data is transferred, analysis processing and analysis judgment are performed during movement to the next new point nearby, and the time for returning to the surveying site when performing re-surveying can be shortened.
[0034]
Further, when a personal computer having a display unit 39 is used as the information collecting device 35 of the GPS surveying instrument, the surveying instrument 30 can send the instruction data of the next surveying point by the surveying plan stored in the surveying plan managing means 11. It may be sent to a certain GPS survey instrument, and an instruction may be sent to the worker. Similarly, the instruction data of the next surveying position can be sent to an angle measuring device having a computer inside and a display unit like the total station 33.
[0035]
In this way, if an instruction for the next surveying position is transmitted from the central processing apparatus 10, the burden on the operator can be reduced when surveying a large number of unspotted coordinates sequentially.
As the data transmitted from the central processing apparatus 10, an instruction of a surveying procedure based on the survey plan can be transmitted.
As described above, when the procedure is instructed, the burden on the operator is reduced, and even an unskilled worker can proceed with an accurate surveying work.
[0036]
In the surveying using the angle measuring device, when the surveying data analysis process is performed by the surveying data analyzing means 13, the number of surveying data may be first confirmed.
In this way, if the number of survey data is confirmed, it can be confirmed in a very short time that there is no error in the survey, and if there is an error, a warning signal can be immediately sent to the worker on site. .
[0037]
As described above, the surveying system in which the surveying plan management means 11 is provided in the centralized processing apparatus 10 collects surveying data in the centralized processing apparatus 10 by the communication means 49, the communication connection means 15, the transmission / reception control means 38 and 45, and the like. The surveying work based on the survey plan can be confirmed at the location. And since surveying at a number of survey points can be carried out and the status of this surveying can be managed, even when workers who are not familiar with the operation of the surveying instrument 30 and surveying work are placed on site, The surveying work can be performed accurately and promptly by an instruction from the central processing unit 10.
[0038]
In addition, the mobile phone serving as the communication means 49 can very easily execute data transmission from the surveying instrument 30 that may perform surveying while moving outdoors or in the suburbs.
Note that when there is an operator near the surveying instrument 30, not only when the survey data is automatically sent to the central processing unit 10 by the transmission / reception control means 38, but also the operator manually operates the communication means 49 and the survey control means 36. Thus, the survey data can be sent to the central processing unit 10.
[0039]
In this case, in the surveying instrument 30 that performs automatic measurement, it is possible for one worker to go around a plurality of surveying points, and it is possible to perform surveying correctly with few workers.
As the communication means 49, a mobile phone capable of satellite communication or a digital communication phone can be used.
Furthermore, this surveying system may be a system that uses a GPS surveying instrument and an angle measuring device together.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
The invention described in claim 1 is composed of a central processing unit and a plurality of surveying instruments, and the central processing unit includes a survey plan management unit for storing a survey plan, a data capturing unit for capturing survey data, and the captured survey data. Survey data analysis means that performs survey analysis by means of communication, analysis result judgment means that can judge whether the survey error is within an allowable range and output a warning signal , communication that connects the data capture means, etc. to the communication means Each surveying instrument is a surveying system having a transmission / reception control unit that sends surveying data to the central processing unit through the communication unit and receives a warning signal when the warning signal is received .
[0041]
Therefore, the data measured by each surveying instrument can be transmitted to the central processing unit by communication means, and the central processing unit can analyze the data collected from each surveying instrument. For this reason, it is possible to judge the suitability of survey results even when surveying equipment is placed on site, and when re-surveying is necessary, a warning signal is sent and a warning display is displayed on the surveying instrument, so re-surveying starts quickly. can do.
The invention described in claim 2 is a surveying system in which a central processing unit is connected to a telephone line and the communication means of each surveying instrument is a mobile phone.
[0042]
Therefore, it is possible to always easily transmit survey data to the central processing unit and receive a warning signal from a surveying instrument installed at a site of various environmental conditions such as outdoors and suburbs.
The invention described in claim 3 is a surveying system in which each surveying instrument is a GPS surveying instrument.
Therefore, even when using a GPS surveying instrument that cannot be used to check the suitability of surveying data alone, it is possible to know the suitability of surveying results during surveying or in a relatively short time after surveying. it can. For this reason, when re-surveying is required, re-surveying can be started quickly.
[0043]
Furthermore, the invention described in claim 4 transmits the survey data of each surveying instrument from the surveying site to the central processing unit by the communication means when performing surveying using a plurality of surveying instruments at a large number of survey points in accordance with the survey plan. The central processing unit analyzes the survey data of each surveying instrument to calculate the point coordinates , and when the analysis result is judged and re-survey is necessary, the central processing unit needs to request re-surveying. There is a surveying method to send to surveying equipment.
[0044]
In this way, because survey data is transmitted from the site to the central processing unit during the survey at the site or at the end of the survey, the suitability of the survey results can be known in the central processing unit in a short time, and the survey data is not available. If appropriate, a re-survey can be performed immediately by making a re-survey request.
The invention described in claim 5 is a surveying method for confirming the number of survey data first when analyzing the survey result by the central processing unit.
[0045]
Thus, if the number of data is confirmed, if there is an error in surveying, the necessity of re-surveying can be determined in a very short time.
The invention described in claim 6 stores the data of the survey plan in the central processing device, confirms the survey procedure by the central processing device, and transmits the instruction data of the survey procedure to the surveying instrument . Surveying method.
[0046]
As described above, when the surveying procedure is confirmed and the instruction data of the procedure is transmitted by the central processing unit, the burden on the operator can be reduced, and the surveying operation without error can be performed quickly.
Furthermore, the invention described in claim 7 is a surveying method using a mobile phone as a communication means.
[0047]
As described above, when a mobile phone is used, surveying data can be easily transmitted to a central processing unit from a site having various environmental conditions such as a suburb, and an instruction from the central processing unit can be received.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a central processing unit and surveying instrument used in the system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing another example of a surveying instrument used in the system of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Central processing unit 11 Survey plan management means 12 Data acquisition means 13 Survey data analysis means 14 Analysis result judgment means 15 Communication connection means 21 Input means 22 Display means 23 Output means 28 Modem 29 Telephone line 30 Survey equipment 31 Receiving antenna 33 Angle measurement Distance measuring device 35 Information collecting device 36 Survey control means 37 Survey data storage means 38 Transmission / reception control means 39 Display unit 41 Data storage device 43 Data reading means 45 Transmission / reception control means 48 Modem 49 Communication means 51 Tripod 55 Measuring point

Claims (7)

Consists of a central processing unit and multiple surveying instruments,
The central processing unit includes a survey plan management unit that stores a survey plan such as an installation position and a survey method of a survey instrument, a data capture unit that captures survey data of each survey instrument via a communication unit, and the data capture unit Survey data analysis means to analyze surveys using survey data imported into the system, and analysis results to determine whether the survey error is within the allowable range by combining the analysis results with the survey plan, and to output a warning signal when the allowable range is exceeded The determination means, the data capture means and the analysis result determination means are connected to the communication means, the survey data received by the communication means is sent to the data capture means, and a warning signal from the analysis result determination means is sent from the communication means. and a communication connecting means Ru is transmitted,
Each surveying instrument Ri send a survey data to the centralized processing apparatus by the communicating means, the transmission and reception control unit that displays a warning on the display unit of the information collecting device when the warning signal is issued from the centralized processing unit Surveying system characterized by having.   2. The surveying system according to claim 1, wherein the central processing unit is connected to a telephone line, and the communication means of each surveying instrument is a mobile phone.   The surveying system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each surveying instrument is a GPS surveying instrument. According survey planning, when surveying using sequential plurality of surveying devices with a large number of measuring points, and transmits the survey data of each survey device to the centralized processing unit by the communication means from the survey site that is the respective survey point, the concentration analyzes to calculate the measurement point coordinate survey data to match a determined relative position of each measuring point in each surveying instrument by the processor, the surveying error is within the allowable range together with further survey planning analysis results or when re-survey is determined to be necessary by performing judgment, surveying method characterized by transmitting a request for re-surveying surveying instrument requiring re surveying from the centralized processing unit.   5. The surveying method according to claim 4, wherein when the survey result is analyzed by the central processing unit, first, the number of survey data is confirmed. Wherein the centralized processing unit, may be stored data of survey planning, claim 4 performs the check of the survey procedure by the centralized processing unit, and transmits the instruction data survey procedure to each surveying instruments Or the surveying method described in Claim 5.   The surveying method according to claim 4, wherein a mobile phone is used as the communication means.

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