JP3832465B2 - Hybrid vehicle drive system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a drive device for a hybrid vehicle having a plurality of power sources.

  In recent years, hybrid vehicles equipped with an internal combustion engine that outputs power by burning fuel and an electric motor that outputs power by supplying power have been proposed as power sources for the vehicle. In this hybrid vehicle, it is said that by controlling the driving and stopping of the internal combustion engine and the electric motor based on various conditions, it is possible to improve fuel consumption, reduce noise, and reduce exhaust gas.

  An example of such a hybrid vehicle drive device is described in Patent Document 1. The hybrid vehicle drive device includes a ring gear formed on the outer periphery of the differential case in order to change the drive device for a vehicle whose power source is only an internal combustion engine to a drive device for a hybrid vehicle without significant modification. The gear is formed to mesh with both the gear formed on the output shaft and the gear formed on the rotary shaft.

  That is, in the hybrid vehicle drive device described in Patent Document 1 described above, an electric motor provided to change a drive device used for a vehicle whose power source is only an internal combustion engine to a drive device for a hybrid vehicle, Located on the differential shaft of the transmission. Alternatively, in another embodiment of the hybrid vehicle drive device described in Patent Document 1, the gear formed on the rotating shaft of the electric motor provided for the hybrid vehicle is formed on the outer periphery of the differential case of the transmission. The electric motor is arranged so as to mesh with the ring gear.

  In the above-described conventional device, it is possible to add an electric motor for a hybrid vehicle without excessively increasing the axial dimension of the driving device, or to change the speed by arranging the electric motor at a position away from the transmission. It is said that it can prevent interference with machines and differentials. In addition, there is no need to provide parts specific to the hybrid vehicle between the transmission and the differential, and the drive device for the hybrid vehicle is not significantly modified with respect to the existing vehicle drive device only for the internal combustion engine. It can be changed to.

Patent Document 2 or Patent Document 3 also describes an invention that aims to change an existing vehicle or a drive device thereof to a hybrid vehicle or a drive device of a hybrid vehicle without requiring significant modification. ing.
JP 2002-160540 A JP 2000-289476 A JP-A-9-95149

  The drive device for a hybrid vehicle described in Patent Document 1 is configured to directly connect an electric motor provided to be a drive device for a hybrid vehicle to a differential that distributes torque to left and right wheels. Therefore, there was room for improvement as described below. For example, when the electric motor is arranged on the differential shaft of the transmission, if the electric motor is arranged on the internal combustion engine side, the outer diameter and shape of the electric motor are greatly restricted in order to avoid interference with the cylinder block of the internal combustion engine. Sometimes. Moreover, since it is necessary to penetrate the drive shaft extending from the differential toward the wheel in the rotor shaft of the electric motor, the necessary space for the rotor and the stator of the electric motor cannot be secured. There is a possibility that the size cannot be set to a necessary and sufficient size and sufficient motor performance cannot be obtained. Further, in such a configuration, the above-mentioned electric motor and a member for connecting the differential to the differential are used for a transfer space for a four-wheel drive vehicle based on a drive device for a front engine / front drive (FF) vehicle. Because it occupies, it cannot be configured as a hybrid drive device for a four-wheel drive vehicle.

  On the other hand, if the electric motor is arranged on the transmission side, the required length of the drive shaft on the transmission side can be secured because the front wheel differential is located on the transmission side of the center of the vehicle in the FF vehicle. There is a possibility of disappearing.

  Further, if the electric motor provided for changing to the drive device for the hybrid vehicle is arranged so that the gear formed on the rotating shaft of the electric motor is meshed with the ring gear of the differential case, the inboard of the electric motor and the drive shaft Since it is necessary to avoid interference with the joint portion, the outer diameter and shape of the electric motor are limited. In this case as well, there is a possibility that sufficient performance of the electric motor cannot be obtained.

  Furthermore, for example, when the target transmission is a manual transmission that does not include an oil pump in the differential portion, oil scooping-up lubrication is hindered, which may induce seizure of the transmission body. That is, when differential lubrication is performed by scraping lubrication, for example, lubricating oil scraped up by a ring gear is once supplemented by an oil reservoir formed in an upper portion inside the casing, and the lubricating oil is allowed to flow down to a predetermined position from here. However, if the gear of the motor is engaged with the ring gear, it is not possible to scoop up the lubricating oil beyond the meshed portion, resulting in a portion where the lubricating oil is insufficient and seizure may occur. There is sex.

  In the invention described in Patent Document 1 above, the motor is newly provided in the case of the existing vehicle drive device for the internal combustion engine alone, so the casing or housings are newly designed. It must be manufactured, which can increase costs.

  The present invention has been made against the background of the above circumstances, and provides a highly versatile drive device for a hybrid vehicle that can be applied to an existing drive device for a vehicle without significant modification. The purpose is to do.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that a power source and a speed change mechanism connected to the output side thereof are mounted with their central axes oriented in the width direction of the vehicle, and the speed change mechanism. The hybrid vehicle is provided with a distribution unit for distributing the torque output from the left and right wheels on the connection unit side of the transmission mechanism with respect to the power source, and further provided with an electric motor for adjusting the torque with respect to the torque output from the transmission mechanism. In the drive device for power transmission, a transmission that is connected to a side surface closer to the power source than the distribution unit in the vehicle width direction of the casing that houses the distribution unit is connected to the speed change mechanism or a predetermined rotating member of the distribution unit. The other casing containing the mechanism is connected, the electric motor is arranged outside the casing containing the distributing part, and the place is connected via the transmission mechanism. Be coupled to the rotating member, a member the predetermined rotational member to input torque to the distribution unit from the transmission mechanism, the intermediate member rotates integrally with the rotating member, accommodating the dispensing portion A transfer that passes through the casing and extends from the distributor to the power source side in the width direction of the vehicle, and transmits power to an intermediate member that is different from the left and right wheels. And the transmission mechanism are coupled to each other .

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the hybrid vehicle drive device according to the first aspect, wherein the transmission mechanism is constituted by a winding transmission device.

Therefore, in the invention of claim 1, a power source such as an internal combustion engine and a speed change mechanism connected to the output shaft thereof are mounted such that the axial direction of the input / output shafts is directed in the width direction of the vehicle. In contrast to an existing vehicle drive device having a distribution unit that distributes the power of the vehicle to the left and right drive wheels, on the side of the casing that houses the distribution unit on the side of the power source in the width direction of the vehicle, A casing that houses a transmission mechanism that transmits torque is coupled between the electric motor provided as a motor and a predetermined rotating member of the speed change mechanism or the distributor. And the electric motor is arrange | positioned on the outer side of the casing which accommodates the said distribution part. Therefore, a vehicle drive device that uses an existing internal combustion engine or the like as a power source can be easily diverted to a drive device for a hybrid vehicle . In addition, an electric motor provided to change a vehicle drive device that uses an existing internal combustion engine or the like as a power source to a drive device for a hybrid vehicle is an intermediate member that rotates integrally with a rotation member of a speed change mechanism or a distributor. The transfer unit is connected together with a transfer that transmits power to other wheels different from the left and right wheels from which power is distributed from the distribution unit. Therefore, a vehicle drive device such as a four-wheel drive vehicle that uses an existing internal combustion engine or the like as a power source can be easily diverted to a drive device for a hybrid vehicle.

  In the invention of claim 2, as described above, the electric motor provided for changing the drive device for a vehicle using an existing internal combustion engine or the like as a power source to the drive device for a hybrid vehicle is provided with a winding transmission device. Is separated from the power source and the transmission mechanism main body, and is connected to the transmission mechanism or the rotating member of the distributor. Therefore, a vehicle drive device that uses an existing internal combustion engine or the like as a power source can be more easily diverted to a drive device for a hybrid vehicle.

  Next, the present invention will be described based on specific examples. FIG. 1 is a schematic skeleton diagram showing an example in which the hybrid vehicle drive device of the present invention is applied to a drive device of an FF vehicle using an internal combustion engine as a power source. The output shaft 2 is arranged with its axial direction directed in the width direction of the vehicle Ve (left-right direction in FIG. 1) (so-called horizontal placement), and the output shaft 2 of the internal combustion engine 1 is input to the transmission 4 via the clutch 3. 5 is connected.

  A typical example of the internal combustion engine 1 is a gasoline engine or a diesel engine. In short, the internal combustion engine 1 is a heat engine that burns fuel and outputs power, and is therefore of another type such as a natural gas engine. May be. In the following description, the internal combustion engine 1 is referred to as the engine 1. The transmission 4 is a well-known stepped manual transmission, and detailed description of the configuration of each part is omitted. However, the torque transmitted from the engine 1 is transmitted to the large and small gears provided in the transmission 4. It is a speed change mechanism configured to be converted into an appropriate size and output from the output shaft 6 of the transmission 4 by being combined.

  The output shaft 6 of the transmission 4 is provided with an integrated output gear 7, and the output gear 7 is an input member of the differential 8 that is a distribution unit for the torque output from the transmission 4 to the left and right wheels. 9 is meshed with an input gear 10 integrated with 9. The differential 8 is a differential device that distributes and transmits torque transmitted from the engine 1 via the transmission 4 to the left and right wheels, and is disposed on the connecting portion side of the transmission 4 with respect to the engine 1. ing. An output member (not shown) of the differential 8 is connected to the left and right drive shafts 11 and 12, and wheels (front wheels) 13 and 14 are connected to the drive shafts 11 and 12, respectively. Thus, the torque output from the engine 1 is configured to be transmitted to the wheels 13 and 14 via the transmission 4 and the differential 8, and this configuration is an FF that uses an existing internal combustion engine as a power source. It is the same as the drive device of a car.

  In order to change the driving device of the FF vehicle using the existing internal combustion engine as a power source to a driving device for a hybrid vehicle, a rotating member 15 that is a predetermined rotating member of the differential 8 is provided. The rotating member 15 is connected so as to rotate integrally with the input member 9 of the differential 8 and is a hollow shaft so as to be rotatable relative to the drive shaft 12.

  The transmission 4 and the differential 8 are housed in a transaxle case 16 provided with an opening for connecting to a transmission mechanism or transfer described later as a transaxle. In other words, the transaxle case 16 is a casing that houses the differential 8, and the opening of the transaxle case 16 is provided on the side surface closer to the engine 1 than the differential 8 in the width direction of the vehicle Ve. The transaxle case 16 is also provided with a connecting portion (not shown) for connecting a transmission mechanism or a casing for accommodating the transfer.

  A motor / generator 17 provided for a hybrid vehicle is disposed outside the transaxle case 16 at a position away from the engine 1, the transmission 4, the differential 8, or the drive shafts 11 and 12. ing. Therefore, interference between the motor / generator 17 and other components such as the engine 1 and the transmission 4 can be avoided, and the degree of freedom in setting the outer diameter and shape of the motor / generator 17 can be increased. The motor / generator 17 is an electric motor that can electrically control the torque and the number of revolutions, and has both a function as a generator and a function as an electric motor. For example, a permanent magnet type synchronous motor or the like Is used.

  A small-diameter gear 19 integrated with the rotary shaft 18 of the motor / generator 17 meshes with a large-diameter gear 21 integrated with the output shaft 20. That is, the reduction gear pair 22 formed by the small diameter gear 19 and the large diameter gear 21 is configured as a reduction gear mechanism that increases the output torque of the motor / generator 17 and transmits it to the output shaft 20.

  In order to transmit torque between the motor / generator 17 and the rotating member 15 of the differential 8, a transmission mechanism 23 is provided. The transmission mechanism 23 shown in this specific example is a winding transmission device by a chain transmission device, that is, a sprocket 24 integrated on the outside of the rotating member 15 of the differential 8, the output shaft 20 and the reduction gear pair 22. A chain 26 is wound around a sprocket 25 integrated with the large-diameter gear 21. The motor / generator 17 and the transmission mechanism 23 are housed as a single unit in a case 27 that is a casing provided with an opening for connection to the transaxle. The axle case 16 is connected by a method such as bolt fastening.

  As described above, the transmission mechanism 23 is connected to the engine 1 side of the differential 8 in the width direction of the FF vehicle using the existing internal combustion engine as a power source, and further to the transmission mechanism 23. The motor generator 17 provided for the hybrid vehicle is connected. In this connection, a transaxle case 16 that accommodates the transmission 4 and the differential 8 and a case 27 that accommodates the transmission mechanism 23 and the motor / generator 17 are provided in advance with a connecting portion for connecting each other. This can be done easily. Therefore, a vehicle drive device using an existing internal combustion engine as a power source can be easily diverted to a hybrid vehicle drive device. Further, the motor / generator 17 can be disposed outside the transaxle case 16 at an appropriate position that is separated from other components such as the engine 1 and the transaxle and is not restricted by its size and shape. It can be provided with the performance of a simple electric motor.

  Next, another specific example of the present invention shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 will be described. FIG. 2 is a schematic skeleton diagram showing an example in which the drive device for a hybrid vehicle of the present invention is applied to a drive device for a four-wheel drive vehicle based on a horizontal FF vehicle. That is, the drive device for a four-wheel drive vehicle shown in FIG. 2 is provided with a transfer 28 for transmitting power to the rear wheels in the drive device for a horizontal FF vehicle that uses the internal combustion engine as a power source. It is a thing. 3 is a lateral view of the schematic diagram shown in FIG. 2 viewed from the left side in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 having the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 described above are the same in configuration and function, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In FIG. 2, there is a differential shaft on the outer side of an intermediate member 29 provided at a position extending through the opening of the transaxle case 16 and extending more toward the engine 1 than the differential 8 in the width direction of the vehicle Ve. A bevel gear 30 is integrated. The propeller shaft bevel gear 31 to the on differential shaft bevel gear 30 meshing is integrated in the previous end of the rear wheel drive propeller shaft 3 2. The other tip of the rear wheel drive propeller shaft 32 is connected to a rear wheel differential (not shown) or the like, and the power distributed to the left and right by the rear wheel differential is transmitted to the rear wheel (not shown). It is comprised so that. That is, the transfer 28 that distributes the power transmitted from the power source to the front wheels forward and rearward and transmits the power to the rear wheels by the differential shaft bevel gear 30, the propeller shaft bevel gear 31, the rear wheel drive propeller shaft 32, and the like. Is configured.

  The intermediate member 29 is provided with the above-described differential shaft bevel gear 30 to connect the transfer 28 and the transaxle, which is a unit of the transmission 4 and the differential 8, and also connects the transmission mechanism 23 and the transaxle. For this purpose, a sprocket 24 is also provided.

  That is, as in the above-described specific example, the motor / generator 17 and the transaxle are connected to each other via a transmission mechanism 23 by a chain transmission device so that torque can be transmitted therebetween. The transfer 28, the motor / generator 17, and the transmission mechanism 23 are housed as a unit in a case 33, which is a casing provided with an opening for connection to the transaxle. And the transaxle case 16 are connected by a method such as bolt fastening.

  As described above, the transmission mechanism 23 is connected to the engine 1 side with respect to the differential 8 in the width direction of the four-wheel drive vehicle based on the FF vehicle together with the four-wheel drive transfer 28. Further, a motor generator 17 provided for a hybrid vehicle is connected to the transmission mechanism 23. In this case as well, the transaxle case 16 that accommodates the transmission 4 and the differential 8, the transfer 28, the transmission mechanism 23, and the motor / generator is used in the same manner as when the drive device for the FF vehicle is diverted for a hybrid vehicle. 17 can be easily performed by providing in advance a connecting portion for connecting each other to the case 33 that accommodates 17. Therefore, a drive device for a four-wheel drive vehicle using an existing internal combustion engine as a power source can be easily diverted to a drive device for a hybrid vehicle. Similarly, the motor / generator 17 can be disposed outside the transaxle case 16 at an appropriate position away from other components such as the engine 1 and the transaxle and not restricted by its size or shape. It is possible to provide sufficient electric motor performance.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described specific example. In the specific example, a stepped manual transmission, that is, a manual transmission is shown as a transmission mechanism of the hybrid vehicle drive device according to the present invention. However, the speed change mechanism may be a stepped automatic transmission, or may be a belt type or toroidal (traction type) continuously variable transmission.

  In addition, in the specific example, the electric motor mounted on the hybrid vehicle drive device according to the present invention has shown an example using a motor / generator that has both a function as an electric motor and a function as a generator. A motor that does not have this function may be used. Furthermore, in the specific example, as an example of the transmission mechanism that connects the electric motor and the transaxle and transmits the power between them, an example using a chain transmission device is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. It may be a belt transmission device using a belt and a pulley, or a shaft drive transmission device using a bevel gear and a shaft.

FIG. 2 is a schematic skeleton diagram showing an example in which the hybrid vehicle drive device of the present invention is applied to an FF vehicle drive device using an internal combustion engine as a power source. FIG. 2 is a schematic skeleton diagram showing an example in which the hybrid vehicle drive device of the present invention is applied to a drive device for a four-wheel drive vehicle using an internal combustion engine as a power source. It is the schematic which showed the drive device made into object by this invention shown in the skeleton figure of FIG. 2 as the side view seen from the left side surface.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Engine, 4 ... Transmission, 8 ... Differential, 15 ... Rotating member, 16 ... Transaxle case, 17 ... Motor generator, 23 ... Transmission mechanism, 24, 25 ... Sprocket, 26 ... Chain, 27, 33 ... Case 28 ... Transfer, 32 ... Propeller shaft for driving rear wheels.

Claims (2)

A power source and a speed change mechanism connected to the output side thereof are mounted with their central axes directed in the width direction of the vehicle, and a distribution unit for the torque output from the speed change mechanism to the left and right wheels includes the speed change mechanism. In the hybrid vehicle drive apparatus provided with an electric motor that is arranged on the side of the connecting portion with respect to the power source and further adjusts the torque with respect to the torque output from the transmission mechanism.
A transmission mechanism connected to the speed change mechanism or a predetermined rotating member of the distribution unit is accommodated on a side surface closer to the power source than the distribution unit in the vehicle width direction of the casing accommodating the distribution unit. Other casings are connected, and the electric motor is arranged outside the casing containing the distribution unit and is connected to the predetermined rotating member via the transmission mechanism ,
The predetermined rotating member is a member that inputs torque from the speed change mechanism to the distributing unit, and an intermediate member that rotates integrally with the rotating member passes through the casing that houses the distributing unit, In the width direction of the vehicle, it is arranged to extend from the distributor to the power source side, and a transfer mechanism for transmitting power to another wheel different from the left and right wheels and the transmission mechanism are connected to the intermediate member. hybrid drive unit, characterized in that there. The hybrid vehicle drive device according to claim 1, wherein the transmission mechanism includes a winding transmission device .

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