JP3737342B2 - Polyamide resin, positive photosensitive resin composition and semiconductor device - Google Patents

Polyamide resin, positive photosensitive resin composition and semiconductor device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3737342B2
JP3737342B2 JP2000206005A JP2000206005A JP3737342B2 JP 3737342 B2 JP3737342 B2 JP 3737342B2 JP 2000206005 A JP2000206005 A JP 2000206005A JP 2000206005 A JP2000206005 A JP 2000206005A JP 3737342 B2 JP3737342 B2 JP 3737342B2
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resin composition
formula
photosensitive resin
positive photosensitive
general formula
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JP2002020485A (en
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孝 平野
敏夫 番場
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Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd
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Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、新規なポリアミド樹脂、これを用いたポジ型感光性樹脂組成物及び半導体装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、半導体素子の表面保護膜、層間絶縁膜には耐熱性が優れ、又卓越した電気特性、機械的特性等を有するポリイミド樹脂が用いられているが、近年半導体素子の高集積化、大型化、樹脂封止型半導体装置の薄型化、小型化、半田リフローによる表面実装への移行等により耐熱サイクル性、耐熱ショック性等の著しい向上の要求があり、更に高性能のポリイミド樹脂が必要とされるようになってきた。
一方、ポリイミド樹脂自身に感光性を付与する技術が注目を集めてきており、例えば感光性ポリイミド樹脂として、下記式(8)等がある。
【0003】
【化8】

Figure 0003737342
【0004】
この感光性ポリイミド樹脂を用いるとパターン作成工程の一部が簡略化でき、工程短縮の効果はあるが、現像の際にN−メチル−2−ピロリドン等の溶剤が必要となるため、安全、取扱い性において問題がある。そこで現像の際溶剤を用いない、アルカリ水溶液で現像ができるポジ型の感光性樹脂が開発されている。例えば、特公平1−46862号公報では、ポリベンゾオキサゾール前駆体と感光性ジアゾキノン化合物より構成されるポジ型感光性樹脂組成物が開示されている。これは高い耐熱性、優れた電気特性、微細加工性を有し、ウェハーコート用のみならず層間絶縁用樹脂組成物としての可能性も有している。このポジ型感光性樹脂組成物の現像メカニズムは、未露光部のジアゾキノン化合物がアルカリ性水溶液に不溶であり、露光することによりジアゾキノン化合物が化学変化を起こし、アルカリ性水溶液に可溶となる。この露光部と未露光部での溶解性の差を利用し、未露光部のみの塗膜パターンの作成が可能となる。
【0005】
これらの感光性樹脂を実際に製品に使用する場合、感光性樹脂と封止樹脂組成物の硬化物との密着性が重要となってくる。これらは主に層間絶縁用として永久保護膜となって回路素子と封止樹脂組成物の硬化物との間に存在することになるため、感光性樹脂と封止樹脂組成物の硬化物との密着性が悪い場合、その界面で剥離が発生し、実用性に欠けるという問題が生じる。
又、近年半導体素子の高集積化、多層化が進み、配線での信号の遅延、消費電力の増大が大きな問題となってきている。この対策として配線金属に銅を用い、層間絶縁膜には低誘電率の材料が使用されるようになってきた。このような状況の中、バッファーコート膜もこれら銅のマイグレーションがなく、低誘電率の感光性樹脂組成物の開発が望まれていた。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、硬化後耐熱性に優れ、密着性がよく、硬化膜の誘電率が小さい特性を付与することのできるポリアミド樹脂、これを用いたポジ型感光性樹脂組成物及び半導体装置を提供するものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明における第一発明は、
一般式(1)で示されるポリアミド樹脂(A)てあり、
(式中、Xは下記式(2)で、Yは下記式(3)の群の2価の芳香族基で示される。
a、bはモル分率を示し、a+b=100モル%
a=60〜100モル%、b=0〜40モル%、nは平均値で、2〜200の正数)
特に好ましいYは式(4)の群である。
第二発明は、
一般式(1)で示されるポリアミド樹脂(A)100重量部、感光性ジアゾキノン化合物(B)1〜100重量部とからなることを特徴とするポジ型感光性樹脂組成物で、
(式中、Xは下記式(2)で、Yは下記式(3)の群の2価の芳香族基で示される。
a、bはモル分率を示し、a+b=100モル%
a=60〜100モル%、b=0〜40モル%、nは平均値で、2〜200の正数)
特に好ましいYは式(4)の群で、好ましい感光性ジアゾキノン化合物(B)は式(5)の群である。
第三発明は、
一般式(1)で示されるポリアミド樹脂(A)100重量部、感光性ジアゾキノン化合物(B)1〜100重量部、一般式(6)及び/又は一般式(7)のフェノール化合物(C)とからなることを特徴とするポジ型感光性樹脂組成物で、
(式中、Xは下記式(2)で、 Yは下記式(3)の群の2価の芳香族基で示される。
a、bはモル分率を示し、a+b=100モル%
a=60〜100モル%、b=0〜40モル%、nは平均値で、2〜200の正数)
特に好ましいYは式(4)の群で、好ましい感光性ジアゾキノン化合物(B)は式(5)の群である。
第四発明は、
前記記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を用いて、加熱、硬化後の厚みが0.1〜30μmになるように半導体素子に塗布し、プリベーク、露光、現像及び加熱後、該半導体素子を封止樹脂組成物を用いて封止してなることを特徴とする半導体装置である。
【0008】
【化9】
Figure 0003737342
【0009】
【化10】
Figure 0003737342
【0010】
【化11】
Figure 0003737342
【0011】
【化12】
Figure 0003737342
【0012】
【化13】
Figure 0003737342
【0013】
【化14】
Figure 0003737342
【0014】
【化15】
Figure 0003737342
【0015】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明に用いる一般式(1)で示されるポリアミド樹脂は、式(2)で示すように2個のアミノ基から各々1個の水素を除いた残基(X)の元の化合物である9,9‘−ビス(3−アミノ−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)フルオレンと式(3)の群より選ばれる1種以上の2価の芳香族基(Y)を有する元の化合物であるジカルボン酸又はジカルボン酸ジクロライド、必要によりZで示される骨格を有する元の化合物の群より選ばれる1種以上のジアミンを重縮合して得ることができる。重縮合反応を促進するために、ジカルボン酸を1−ヒドロキシ−1,2,3−ベンゾトリアゾール等と予め反応させて得られる活性エステルの型で用いてもよい。本発明に用いる一般式(1)で示されるポリアミド樹脂は、ポリベンゾオキサゾール前駆体とも呼称されるものである。得られたポリアミド樹脂を約300〜400℃で加熱すると閉環し、ポリベンゾオキサゾールという耐熱性樹脂硬化物に変化する。
式(2)で示すように2個のアミノ基から各々1個の水素を除いた残基(X)の元の化合物である9,9‘−ビス(3−アミノ−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)フルオレンは、嵩高いフルオレン環をその骨格に有するために、これを用いたポリアミド樹脂は硬化後の構造が平面構造をとらないため、硬化フィルムの誘電率が小さくなる特徴を有している。
【0016】
本発明に用いる一般式(1)のポリアミド樹脂のYは、式(3)の群より選ばれる2価の芳香族基であり、これらの内では硬化後のフィルム特性が、特に良好なものとして、式(4)の群から選ばれるものが好ましい。Yの骨格を有する元の化合物は、式(3)の群より選ばれる2価の芳香族基を有するジカルボン酸又はジカルボン酸ジクロライドである。
【0017】
更に、Zの具体例としては、下記の構造のものが挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
【化16】
Figure 0003737342
一般式(1)のポリアミド樹脂のZは、例えば、シリコンウェハーのような基板に対して、特に密着性が必要な場合に用いるが、その含有割合bについては、最大40モル%までが好ましく、40モル%を越えると樹脂の溶解性が極めて低下し、スカムが発生し、パターン加工ができなくなるので好ましくない。
Zの骨格を有する元の化合物は、Zの群より選ばれるジアミン化合物である。なお、これらのX、Y、Zを含む元の化合物は、単独でも混合して樹脂合成に用いてもよい。
一般式(1)のポリアミド樹脂のnは平均値で、2〜200の正数であり、nが200を越えると現像液への溶解性が低下し好ましくない。nはゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーを用いて測定できる。
【0018】
本発明で用いる感光性ジアゾキノン化合物は、1,2−ベンゾキノンジアジド或いは1,2−ナフトキノンジアジド構造を有する化合物であり、米国特許明細書第2,772,972号、第2,797,213号、第3,669,658号により公知の物質である。例えば、下記のものが挙げられる。
【化17】
Figure 0003737342
【0019】
これらの内では、特に高残膜率の点から好ましいものとしては、下記の構造のものが挙げられる。
【化18】
Figure 0003737342
ポリアミド樹脂への感光性ジアゾキノン化合物の配合量は、ポリアミド樹脂100重量部に対し、1〜100重量部で、配合量が1重量部未満だと樹脂のパターニング性が不充分で、逆に100重量部を越えるとフィルムの引張り伸び率が著しく低下するので好ましくない。
【0020】
本発明のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物には、更に一般式(6)、一般式(7)で表わされるフェノール化合物を配合することにより感度を向上することが可能である。フェノール化合物をポジ型感光性樹脂組成物に添加する技術は、例えば、特開平3−200251号公報、特開平3−200252号公報、特開平3−200253号公報、特開平3−200254号公報、特開平4−1650号公報、特開平4−1651号公報、特開平4−11260号公報、特開平4−12356号公報、特開平4−12357号公報に開示されている。しかし、これらのフェノール化合物は、一般式(1)のポリアミド樹脂を含むポジ型感光性樹脂組成物に用いても感度の向上の効果は少ない。
【0021】
しかし、一般式(6)、一般式(7)のフェノール化合物を一般式(1)で示されるポリアミド樹脂を含むポジ型感光性樹脂組成物に配合した場合、露光部における溶解速度が増し、感度が向上する。又一般式(1)で示されるポリアミド樹脂の分子量を小さくし、感度を高めた場合に見られるような未露光部の膜減りも非常に小さくなる。一般式(6)、一般式(7)のフェノール化合物を配合したポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、封止樹脂組成物の硬化物との密着性に優れていることが新たに判明した。
【0022】
一般式(6)のフェノール化合物の具体例としては、下記の構造のものが挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
【化19】
Figure 0003737342
【0023】
【化20】
Figure 0003737342
【0024】
【化21】
Figure 0003737342
【0025】
又一般式(7)のフェノール化合物の具体例としては、下記の構造のものが挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
【化22】
Figure 0003737342
【0026】
【化23】
Figure 0003737342
【0027】
【化24】
Figure 0003737342
【0028】
これらの内では感度及び残膜率の点から、特に好ましいものとしては、下記の構造のフェノール化合物である。
【0029】
【化25】
Figure 0003737342
【0030】
本発明に用いるフェノール化合物の配合量は、特に限定しないがポリアミド樹脂100重量部に対して、好ましくは1〜50重量部で、更に好ましくは1〜30重量部である。配合量が1重量部未満だと感度、密着性の向上の効果が少なく、50重量部を越えると残膜率の低下が大きくなったり、冷凍保存中に析出が起こるおそれがあり好ましくない。
【0031】
本発明のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物には、必要により感光特性を高めるためにジヒドロキシピリジン誘導体を配合してもよい。ジヒドロキシピリジン誘導体としては、例えば2,6−ジメチル−3,5−ジアセチル−4−(2′−ニトロフェニル)−1,4−ジヒドロピリジン、4−(2′−ニトロフェニル)−2,6−ジメチル−3,5−ジカルボエトキシ−1,4−ジヒドロピリジン、4−(2′,4′−ジニトロフェニル)−2,6−ジメチル−3,5−カルボメトキシ−1,4−ジヒドロピリジン等を挙げることができる。又本発明のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物には、必要によりレベリング剤、シランカップリング剤等の添加剤を配合することができる。
【0032】
本発明においては、前記した各成分を溶剤に溶解し、ワニス状にして使用する。溶剤としては、N−メチル−2−ピロリドン、γ−ブチロラクトン、N,N−ジメチルアセトアミド、ジメチルスルホキシド、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジエチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジブチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、乳酸メチル、乳酸エチル、乳酸ブチル、メチル−1,3−ブチレングリコールアセテート、1,3−ブチレングリコール−3−モノメチルエーテル、ピルビン酸メチル、ピルビン酸エチル、メチル−3−メトキシプロピオネート等を単独でも混合して用いてもよい。
【0033】
本発明のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物の使用方法は、先ず該組成物を適当な支持体、例えば、シリコンウェハー、セラミック、アルミ基板等に塗布する。塗布方法としては、スピンナーを用いた回転塗布、スプレーコーターを用いた噴霧塗布、浸漬、印刷、ロールコーティング等がある。次に60〜120℃でプリベークして塗膜を乾燥後、所望のパターン形状に化学線を照射する。化学線としては、X線、電子線、紫外線、可視光線等が使用できるが、200〜500nmの波長のものが好ましい。次に照射部を現像液で溶解除去することによりレリーフパターンを得る。
【0034】
現像液としては、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、ケイ酸ナトリウム、メタケイ酸ナトリウム、アンモニア水等の無機アルカリ類、エチルアミン、n−プロピルアミン等の第1アミン類、ジエチルアミン、ジ−n−プロピルアミン等の第2アミン類、トリエチルアミン、メチルジエチルアミン等の第3アミン類、ジメチルエタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミン等のアルコールアミン類、テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド、テトラエチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド等の第4級アンモニウム塩等のアルカリ類の水溶液、及びこれにメタノール、エタノールのごときアルコール類等の水溶性有機溶媒や界面活性剤を適当量添加した水溶液を好適に使用することができる。現像方法としては、スプレー、パドル、浸漬、超音波等の方式が可能である。次に現像によって形成したレリーフパターンをリンスする。リンス液としては、蒸留水を使用する。次に加熱処理を行い、オキサゾール環を形成し、耐熱性に富む最終パターンを得る。加熱処理後ウエハーは個々の半導体素子に切断され、エポキシ樹脂組成物等の封止樹脂組成物を用いて封止され半導体装置とする。該半導体素子の表面は封止樹脂組成物の硬化物との密着性に優れ、低誘電率のポリベンズオキサゾールが被覆されているため、半導体としての応答速度が早く、高信頼性の半導体装置の製造が可能になる。
本発明によるポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、半導体用途のみならず、多層回路の層間絶縁やフレキシブル銅張板のカバーコート、ソルダーレジスト膜や液晶配向膜等としても有用である。
【0035】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明を具体的に説明する。
《実施例1》
ポリアミド樹脂の合成
テレフタル酸0.86モル、イソフタル酸0.14モルと1−ヒドロキシ−1,2,3−ベンゾトリアゾール2モルとを反応させて得られたジカルボン酸誘導体(活性エステル)380.4g(0.95モル)と9,9‘−ビス(3−アミノ−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)フルオレン380g(1.0モル)とを温度計、攪拌機原料投入口、乾燥窒素ガス導入管を備えた4つ口のセパラブルフラスコに入れ、12時間攪拌して反応を終了した。反応混合物を濾過した後、反応混合物を水/メタノール=3/1の溶液に投入、沈殿物を濾集し水で充分洗浄した後、真空下で乾燥し、目的の一般式(1)で示され、Xが下記式X1、Yが下記式Y1及びY2の混合で、a=100、b=0で、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーによるnは、40からなるポリアミド樹脂(A1)を得た。
【0036】
ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物の作製
合成したポリアミド樹脂(A1)100(重量部)、下記式の構造の感光性ジアゾキノン(Q1)25重量部、γ―ブチロラクトン200重量部に溶解した後、0.2μmのテフロンフィルターで濾過しポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を得た。
【0037】
特性評価
このポジ型感光性樹脂組成物をシリコンウェハー上にスピンコーターを用いて塗布した後、ホットプレートにて120℃で4分乾燥し、膜厚約7μmの塗膜を得た。この塗膜にg線ステッパー露光機NSR−1505G3A(ニコン(株)・製)によりレチクルを通して50mJ/cm2から20mJ/cm2づつ増やして540mJ/cm2まで露光を行った。
次に2.38%のテトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液に60秒浸漬することによって露光部を溶解除去した後、純水で30秒間リンスした。その結果、パターンが成形されていることが確認できた。この時の残膜率(現像後の膜厚/現像前の膜厚)は87.6%と非常に高い値を示した。又残しパターンについて、微細パターンの剥がれは全く観察されず、現像時の密着性が優れていることが確認できた。
又別にポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を同様にアルミ板上に硬化後10μmになるように塗布し、プリベークした後、光洋リンドバーク(株)・製のクリーンオーブンを用い、30分/150℃、30分/250℃、30分/350℃の順で、更に窒素濃度を約1〜2%で加熱、樹脂を硬化させた。次にこの硬化物の誘電率を測定したところ、3.0であった。
更に硬化膜の上に半導体封止用エポキシ樹脂組成物(住友ベークライト(株)製、EME−6300H)を2×2×2mm(縦×横×高さ)の大きさに成形した。テンシロンを用いて、硬化物であるポリベンゾオキサゾール樹脂硬化膜上に成形したエポキシ樹脂組成物の硬化物を引き剥がし、剪断強度を測定した結果、3.6kg/mm2であった。
【0038】
《実施例2》
実施例1におけるポリアミド樹脂の合成において、テレフタル酸、イソフタル酸と1−ヒドロキシ−1,2,3−ベンゾトリアゾール2モルとを反応させて得られたジカルボン酸誘導体(活性エステル)の替わりに、ジフェニルエーテル−4,4’−ジカルボン酸1モルと1−ヒドロキシ−1,2,3−ベンゾトリアゾール2モルとを反応させて得られたジカルボン酸誘導体(活性エステル)443.2g(0.9モル)を用いて、一般式(1)で示され、Yが下記式Y3で、a=100、b=0からなるポリアミド樹脂(A2)を得、合成したポリアミド樹脂100重量部に、更に下記式構造の感光性ジアゾキノン(Q2)25重量部をγ―ブチロラクトン200重量部に溶解し、実施例1と同様にしてボジ型感光性樹脂組成物を得、実施例1と同様の評価を行った。その結果を表1に示す。
【0039】
実施例1におけるポリアミド樹脂の合成において9,9‘−ビス(3−アミノ−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)フルオレンを0.95モルに減らし、替わりに1,3−ビス(3−アミノプロピル)−1,1,3,3−テトラメチルジシロキサン12.4重量部(0.05モル)を加え、一般式(1)で示され、Xが下記式X1、Yが下記式Y1及びY2の混合、Zが下記式Z1で、a=95、b=5からなるポリアミド樹脂(A3)を合成し、表1の配合割合で実施例1と同様にしてボジ型感光性樹脂組成物を得、実施例1と同様の評価を行った。その結果を表1に示す。
【0040】
《実施例4》
実施例1における樹脂組成物に、更に下記式の構造を有するフェノール化合物(P1)15重量部を配合し、表1の配合割合で実施例1と同様にしてボジ型感光性樹脂組成物を得、実施例1と同様の評価を行った。その結果を表1に示す。《実施例5》
実施例1における樹脂組成物に、更に下記式の構造を有するフェノール化合物(P2)15重量部を配合し、表1の配合割合で実施例1と同様にしてボジ型感光性樹脂組成物を得、実施例1と同様の評価を行った。その結果を表1に示す。《実施例6》
実施例1におけるジアゾキノン化合物Q1を、下記式Q2に替えて表1の配合割合で実施例1と同様にしてボジ型感光性樹脂組成物を得、実施例1と同様の評価を行った。その結果を表1に示す。
《実施例7》
表1の配合割合で実施例1と同様にしてボジ型感光性樹脂組成物を得、実施例1と同様の評価を行った。その結果を表1に示す。
【0041】
《比較例1》
実施例2において9,9‘−ビス(3−アミノ−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)フルオレンの替わりに、2,2−ビス(3−アミノ−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパンとを反応させて得られた、一般式(1)で示されXが下記式X2、YがY3で、a=100、b=0からなるポリアミド樹脂(A4)得、表1の配合割合で実施例1と同様にしてボジ型感光性樹脂組成物を得、実施例1と同様の評価を行った。その結果を表1に示す。
実施例1〜7、比較例1の樹脂成分、評価結果をまとめて表1に示す
【0042】
【化26】
Figure 0003737342
【0043】
【化27】
Figure 0003737342
【0044】
【化28】
Figure 0003737342
【0045】
【化29】
Figure 0003737342
【0046】
【表1】
Figure 0003737342
【0047】
【発明の効果】
本発明のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、耐熱性、密着性優れ、樹脂硬化膜の誘電率が低いという特徴を有している。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a novel polyamide resin, a positive photosensitive resin composition using the same, and a semiconductor device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, polyimide resin having excellent heat resistance and excellent electrical and mechanical properties has been used for the surface protection film and interlayer insulation film of semiconductor elements. There is a demand for significant improvements in heat cycle resistance, heat shock resistance, etc. due to the thinning and downsizing of resin-encapsulated semiconductor devices, and the transition to surface mounting by solder reflow, and there is a need for higher performance polyimide resins. It has come to be.
On the other hand, a technique for imparting photosensitivity to the polyimide resin itself has attracted attention. For example, the photosensitive polyimide resin includes the following formula (8).
[0003]
[Chemical 8]
Figure 0003737342
[0004]
When this photosensitive polyimide resin is used, part of the pattern creation process can be simplified and the process can be shortened. However, a solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is required for development, so it is safe and easy to handle. There is a problem with sex. Accordingly, positive photosensitive resins that can be developed with an aqueous alkaline solution without using a solvent during development have been developed. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-468662 discloses a positive photosensitive resin composition composed of a polybenzoxazole precursor and a photosensitive diazoquinone compound. This has high heat resistance, excellent electrical properties, and fine processability, and has the potential as a resin composition for interlayer insulation as well as for wafer coating. The development mechanism of this positive photosensitive resin composition is that the unexposed portion of the diazoquinone compound is insoluble in the alkaline aqueous solution, and the diazoquinone compound undergoes a chemical change upon exposure to become soluble in the alkaline aqueous solution. By utilizing the difference in solubility between the exposed area and the unexposed area, it is possible to create a coating film pattern only on the unexposed area.
[0005]
When these photosensitive resins are actually used in products, the adhesion between the photosensitive resin and the cured product of the sealing resin composition becomes important. These mainly serve as a permanent protective film for interlayer insulation and are present between the circuit element and the cured product of the sealing resin composition. When the adhesion is poor, peeling occurs at the interface, which causes a problem of lack of practicality.
In recent years, semiconductor devices have been highly integrated and multi-layered, and signal delay in wiring and increase in power consumption have become major problems. As a countermeasure, copper is used for the wiring metal, and a low dielectric constant material is used for the interlayer insulating film. Under such circumstances, it has been desired to develop a photosensitive resin composition having a low dielectric constant because the copper coating film does not migrate with these coppers.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention provides a polyamide resin that is excellent in heat resistance after curing, has good adhesion, and has a property of having a low dielectric constant of a cured film, and a positive photosensitive resin composition and a semiconductor device using the polyamide resin. Is.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The first invention in the present invention is:
There is a polyamide resin (A) represented by the general formula (1),
(In the formula, X is represented by the following formula (2), and Y is represented by a divalent aromatic group in the group of the following formula (3).
a and b represent mole fractions, a + b = 100 mol%
a = 60-100 mol%, b = 0-40 mol%, n is an average value and is a positive number of 2-200)
Particularly preferred Y is the group of formula (4).
The second invention
A positive photosensitive resin composition comprising 100 parts by weight of a polyamide resin (A) represented by the general formula (1) and 1 to 100 parts by weight of a photosensitive diazoquinone compound (B),
(In the formula, X is represented by the following formula (2), and Y is represented by a divalent aromatic group in the group of the following formula (3).
a and b represent mole fractions, a + b = 100 mol%
a = 60-100 mol%, b = 0-40 mol%, n is an average value and is a positive number of 2-200)
Particularly preferred Y is the group of formula (4), and the preferred photosensitive diazoquinone compound (B) is the group of formula (5).
The third invention
100 parts by weight of the polyamide resin (A) represented by the general formula (1), 1 to 100 parts by weight of the photosensitive diazoquinone compound (B), the phenol compound (C) of the general formula (6) and / or the general formula (7) A positive photosensitive resin composition characterized by comprising:
(In formula, X is shown by following formula (2), Y is shown by the bivalent aromatic group of the group of following formula (3).
a and b represent mole fractions, a + b = 100 mol%
a = 60-100 mol%, b = 0-40 mol%, n is an average value and is a positive number of 2-200)
Particularly preferred Y is the group of formula (4), and the preferred photosensitive diazoquinone compound (B) is the group of formula (5).
The fourth invention is
The positive photosensitive resin composition described above was applied to a semiconductor element so that the thickness after heating and curing was 0.1 to 30 μm, and after prebaking, exposure, development and heating, the semiconductor element was sealed. It is a semiconductor device characterized by being sealed using a stop resin composition.
[0008]
[Chemical 9]
Figure 0003737342
[0009]
[Chemical Formula 10]
Figure 0003737342
[0010]
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Figure 0003737342
[0011]
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Figure 0003737342
[0012]
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Figure 0003737342
[0013]
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Figure 0003737342
[0014]
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Figure 0003737342
[0015]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
Polyamide resins represented by the general formula (1) used in the present invention is the original compound of formula residue obtained by removing one hydrogen from each of two amino groups as shown by (2) (X) 9 , 9′-bis (3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene and dicarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid which is an original compound having one or more divalent aromatic groups (Y) selected from the group of formula (3) It can be obtained by polycondensing acid dichloride and, if necessary, one or more diamines selected from the group of original compounds having a skeleton represented by Z. In order to accelerate the polycondensation reaction, a dicarboxylic acid may be used in the form of an active ester obtained by reacting in advance with 1-hydroxy-1,2,3-benzotriazole or the like. The polyamide resin represented by the general formula (1) used in the present invention is also called a polybenzoxazole precursor. When the obtained polyamide resin is heated at about 300 to 400 ° C., the ring is closed and changed to a heat-resistant resin cured product called polybenzoxazole.
9,9′-bis (3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene which is the original compound of the residue (X) obtained by removing one hydrogen from each of two amino groups as shown by the formula (2) Has a bulky fluorene ring in its skeleton, and the polyamide resin using this has a feature that the cured film has a low dielectric constant because the structure after curing does not have a planar structure.
[0016]
Y of the polyamide resin of the general formula (1) used in the present invention is a divalent aromatic group selected from the group of the formula (3), and among these, the film properties after curing are particularly good. And those selected from the group of formula (4) are preferred. The original compound having a Y skeleton is a dicarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid dichloride having a divalent aromatic group selected from the group of the formula (3).
[0017]
Furthermore, specific examples of Z include the following structures, but are not limited thereto.
Embedded image
Figure 0003737342
Z of the polyamide resin of the general formula (1) is used, for example, when adhesion is particularly required for a substrate such as a silicon wafer, but the content ratio b is preferably up to 40 mol%, If it exceeds 40 mol%, the solubility of the resin is extremely lowered, scum is generated, and pattern processing becomes impossible, which is not preferable.
The original compound having a Z skeleton is a diamine compound selected from the group of Z. These original compounds containing X, Y, and Z may be used alone or in combination for resin synthesis.
In the polyamide resin of the general formula (1), n is an average value and is a positive number of 2 to 200. If n exceeds 200, the solubility in a developer is undesirably lowered. n can be measured using gel permeation chromatography.
[0018]
The photosensitive diazoquinone compound used in the present invention is a compound having a 1,2-benzoquinone diazide or 1,2-naphthoquinone diazide structure, and U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,772,972, 2,797,213, No. 3,669,658 which is a known substance. For example, the following are mentioned.
Embedded image
Figure 0003737342
[0019]
Among these, those having the following structures are particularly preferable from the viewpoint of a high residual film ratio.
Embedded image
Figure 0003737342
The blending amount of the photosensitive diazoquinone compound to the polyamide resin is 1 to 100 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyamide resin. If the blending amount is less than 1 part by weight, the patterning property of the resin is insufficient. Exceeding the portion is not preferable because the tensile elongation of the film is remarkably lowered.
[0020]
In the positive photosensitive resin composition of the present invention, the sensitivity can be improved by further blending a phenol compound represented by general formula (6) or general formula (7). Techniques for adding a phenol compound to a positive photosensitive resin composition include, for example, JP-A-3-200251, JP-A-3-200262, JP-A-3-200263, JP-A-3-200244, These are disclosed in JP-A-4-1650, JP-A-4-1651, JP-A-4-11260, JP-A-4-12356, and JP-A-4-12357. However, even if these phenol compounds are used in a positive photosensitive resin composition containing the polyamide resin of the general formula (1), the effect of improving the sensitivity is small.
[0021]
However, when the phenolic compounds of the general formula (6) and the general formula (7) are blended with the positive photosensitive resin composition containing the polyamide resin represented by the general formula (1), the dissolution rate in the exposed area increases, and the sensitivity Will improve. In addition, the reduction in the film thickness of the unexposed area as seen when the molecular weight of the polyamide resin represented by the general formula (1) is reduced and the sensitivity is increased is extremely small. It was newly found that the positive photosensitive resin composition in which the phenolic compounds of the general formula (6) and the general formula (7) are blended has excellent adhesion to the cured product of the sealing resin composition.
[0022]
Specific examples of the phenol compound of the general formula (6) include those having the following structures, but are not limited thereto.
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Figure 0003737342
[0023]
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Figure 0003737342
[0024]
Embedded image
Figure 0003737342
[0025]
Specific examples of the phenol compound represented by the general formula (7) include those having the following structures, but are not limited thereto.
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Figure 0003737342
[0026]
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Figure 0003737342
[0027]
Embedded image
Figure 0003737342
[0028]
Among these, a phenol compound having the following structure is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of sensitivity and remaining film ratio.
[0029]
Embedded image
Figure 0003737342
[0030]
Although the compounding quantity of the phenol compound used for this invention is not specifically limited, Preferably it is 1-50 weight part with respect to 100 weight part of polyamide resins, More preferably, it is 1-30 weight part. If the blending amount is less than 1 part by weight, the effect of improving the sensitivity and adhesiveness is small, and if it exceeds 50 parts by weight, the remaining film ratio is greatly decreased or precipitation may occur during freezing storage.
[0031]
A dihydroxypyridine derivative may be blended with the positive photosensitive resin composition of the present invention, if necessary, in order to enhance the photosensitive properties. Examples of the dihydroxypyridine derivative include 2,6-dimethyl-3,5-diacetyl-4- (2′-nitrophenyl) -1,4-dihydropyridine and 4- (2′-nitrophenyl) -2,6-dimethyl. -3,5-dicarboethoxy-1,4-dihydropyridine, 4- (2 ', 4'-dinitrophenyl) -2,6-dimethyl-3,5-carbomethoxy-1,4-dihydropyridine, etc. Can do. Moreover, additives, such as a leveling agent and a silane coupling agent, can be mix | blended with the positive photosensitive resin composition of this invention as needed.
[0032]
In the present invention, each component described above is dissolved in a solvent and used in the form of a varnish. Solvents include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, γ-butyrolactone, N, N-dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dibutyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol Monomethyl ether acetate, methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, butyl lactate, methyl-1,3-butylene glycol acetate, 1,3-butylene glycol-3-monomethyl ether, methyl pyruvate, ethyl pyruvate, methyl-3-methoxypropio Nate or the like may be used alone or in combination.
[0033]
In the method of using the positive photosensitive resin composition of the present invention, first, the composition is coated on a suitable support such as a silicon wafer, a ceramic, an aluminum substrate and the like. Examples of the coating method include spin coating using a spinner, spray coating using a spray coater, dipping, printing, roll coating, and the like. Next, after prebaking at 60 to 120 ° C. to dry the coating film, actinic radiation is applied to the desired pattern shape. As the actinic radiation, X-rays, electron beams, ultraviolet rays, visible rays and the like can be used, but those having a wavelength of 200 to 500 nm are preferable. Next, a relief pattern is obtained by dissolving and removing the irradiated portion with a developer.
[0034]
Developers include inorganic alkalis such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, sodium metasilicate, and aqueous ammonia, primary amines such as ethylamine and n-propylamine, diethylamine, and di-n. Secondary amines such as propylamine, tertiary amines such as triethylamine and methyldiethylamine, alcohol amines such as dimethylethanolamine and triethanolamine, quaternary ammonium such as tetramethylammonium hydroxide and tetraethylammonium hydroxide An aqueous solution of an alkali such as a salt and an aqueous solution to which an appropriate amount of a water-soluble organic solvent such as methanol or ethanol or a surfactant is added can be preferably used. As a developing method, methods such as spraying, paddle, dipping, and ultrasonic waves are possible. Next, the relief pattern formed by development is rinsed. Distilled water is used as the rinse liquid. Next, heat treatment is performed to form an oxazole ring, and a final pattern with high heat resistance is obtained. After the heat treatment, the wafer is cut into individual semiconductor elements and sealed with a sealing resin composition such as an epoxy resin composition to obtain a semiconductor device. The surface of the semiconductor element is excellent in adhesion to the cured product of the encapsulating resin composition, and is coated with low-dielectric constant polybenzoxazole, so that the response speed as a semiconductor is high, and a highly reliable semiconductor device Manufacturing becomes possible.
The positive photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention is useful not only for semiconductor applications, but also as interlayer insulation for multilayer circuits, cover coats for flexible copper-clad plates, solder resist films, liquid crystal alignment films, and the like.
[0035]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically by way of examples.
Example 1
Synthesis of polyamide resin 380.4 g of dicarboxylic acid derivative (active ester) obtained by reacting 0.86 mol of terephthalic acid, 0.14 mol of isophthalic acid and 2 mol of 1-hydroxy-1,2,3-benzotriazole (0.95 mol) and 9,9′-bis (3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene (380 g, 1.0 mol) were equipped with a thermometer, a stirrer material inlet, and a dry nitrogen gas inlet tube. The reaction was terminated by placing in a one-necked separable flask and stirring for 12 hours. After filtering the reaction mixture, the reaction mixture was poured into a solution of water / methanol = 3/1, the precipitate was collected by filtration, washed thoroughly with water, dried under vacuum, and represented by the desired general formula (1). A polyamide resin (A1) in which X is a mixture of the following formula X1, Y is a mixture of the following formulas Y1 and Y2, a = 100, b = 0, and n by gel permeation chromatography is 40 is obtained.
[0036]
Preparation of Positive Type Photosensitive Resin Composition After dissolving in 100 parts (parts by weight) of synthesized polyamide resin (A1), 25 parts by weight of photosensitive diazoquinone (Q1) having the following structure, 200 parts by weight of γ-butyrolactone, Filtration through a 2 μm Teflon filter gave a positive photosensitive resin composition.
[0037]
Characteristic Evaluation This positive photosensitive resin composition was applied onto a silicon wafer using a spin coater and then dried on a hot plate at 120 ° C. for 4 minutes to obtain a coating film having a thickness of about 7 μm. The coating film g-line stepper exposing machine NSR-1505G3A increased through a reticle by (Nikon Corp.,) from 50mJ / cm 2 20mJ / cm 2 increments was exposed to 540mJ / cm 2.
Next, the exposed portion was dissolved and removed by immersing in a 2.38% tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution for 60 seconds, and then rinsed with pure water for 30 seconds. As a result, it was confirmed that the pattern was formed. The residual film ratio (film thickness after development / film thickness before development) at this time was a very high value of 87.6%. Further, regarding the remaining pattern, peeling of the fine pattern was not observed at all, and it was confirmed that the adhesion at the time of development was excellent.
Separately, a positive type photosensitive resin composition was similarly applied on an aluminum plate so as to have a thickness of 10 μm, prebaked, and then using a clean oven manufactured by Koyo Lindberg Co., Ltd. for 30 minutes / 150 ° C., 30 The resin was cured by heating at a nitrogen concentration of about 1-2% in the order of minutes / 250 ° C. and 30 minutes / 350 ° C. Next, the dielectric constant of this cured product was measured and found to be 3.0.
Further, an epoxy resin composition for semiconductor encapsulation (manufactured by Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd., EME-6300H) was formed on the cured film in a size of 2 × 2 × 2 mm (length × width × height). Using Tensilon, the cured product of the epoxy resin composition molded on the cured polybenzoxazole resin film as a cured product was peeled off, and the shear strength was measured. As a result, it was 3.6 kg / mm 2 .
[0038]
Example 2
In the synthesis of the polyamide resin in Example 1, instead of the dicarboxylic acid derivative (active ester) obtained by reacting terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid with 2 mol of 1-hydroxy-1,2,3-benzotriazole, diphenyl ether 443.2 g (0.9 mol) of a dicarboxylic acid derivative (active ester) obtained by reacting 1 mol of -4,4'-dicarboxylic acid with 2 mol of 1-hydroxy-1,2,3-benzotriazole And a polyamide resin (A2) represented by the general formula (1), wherein Y is the following formula Y3, and a = 100 and b = 0, and 100 parts by weight of the synthesized polyamide resin, 25 parts by weight of photosensitive diazoquinone (Q2) was dissolved in 200 parts by weight of γ-butyrolactone to obtain a body type photosensitive resin composition in the same manner as in Example 1. It was evaluated in the same manner as. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0039]
In the synthesis of the polyamide resin in Example 1, 9,9′-bis (3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene was reduced to 0.95 mol, instead of 1,3-bis (3-aminopropyl) -1, 1,2.4 parts by weight (0.05 mol) of 1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane was added, represented by the general formula (1), X is the following formula X1, Y is the mixture of the following formulas Y1 and Y2, Z Was synthesized in the following formula Z1 and a polyamide resin (A3) consisting of a = 95 and b = 5 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 with the blending ratios shown in Table 1, and Example 1 was obtained. The same evaluation was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0040]
Example 4
The resin composition in Example 1 is further blended with 15 parts by weight of a phenol compound (P1) having the structure of the following formula, and a body-type photosensitive resin composition is obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 with the blending ratio shown in Table 1. The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed. The results are shown in Table 1. Example 5
The resin composition in Example 1 is further blended with 15 parts by weight of a phenol compound (P2) having the structure of the following formula, and a body-type photosensitive resin composition is obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 with the blending ratio shown in Table 1. The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed. The results are shown in Table 1. Example 6
The diazoquinone compound Q1 in Example 1 was replaced with the following formula Q2 to obtain a body-type photosensitive resin composition in the same manner as in Example 1 at the blending ratio shown in Table 1, and the same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
Example 7
A body-type photosensitive resin composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 at the blending ratio in Table 1, and the same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0041]
<< Comparative Example 1 >>
In Example 2, obtained by reacting with 2,2-bis (3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane instead of 9,9′-bis (3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene , A polyamide resin (A4) represented by the general formula (1), wherein X is the following formula X2, Y is Y3, and a = 100 and b = 0, is obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 with the blending ratio shown in Table 1. A photosensitive resin composition was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
The resin components and evaluation results of Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Example 1 are shown together in Table 1.
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Figure 0003737342
[0043]
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Figure 0003737342
[0044]
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Figure 0003737342
[0045]
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Figure 0003737342
[0046]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003737342
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
The positive photosensitive resin composition of the present invention is characterized by excellent heat resistance and adhesion and low dielectric constant of the cured resin film.

Claims (7)

一般式(1)で示されるポリアミド樹脂(A)100重量部、感光性ジアゾキノン化合物(B)1〜100重量部とからなることを特徴とするポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。
Figure 0003737342
(式中、Xは下記式(2)で、 Yは下記式(3)の群の2価の芳香族基で示される。a、bはモル分率を示し、a+b=100モル%、a=60〜100モル%、b=0〜40モル%、nは平均値で、2〜200の正数)
Figure 0003737342
Figure 0003737342
A positive photosensitive resin composition comprising 100 parts by weight of the polyamide resin (A) represented by the general formula (1) and 1 to 100 parts by weight of the photosensitive diazoquinone compound (B).
Figure 0003737342
(In the formula, X is the following formula (2), Y is a divalent aromatic group in the group of the following formula (3), a and b are mole fractions, a + b = 100 mol%, a = 60 to 100 mol%, b = 0 to 40 mol%, n is an average value and is a positive number of 2 to 200)
Figure 0003737342
Figure 0003737342
一般式(1)で示されるポリアミド樹脂(A)のYが、式(4)の群である請求項記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。
Figure 0003737342
Y of the polyamide resin represented by general formula (1) (A) The positive photosensitive resin composition according to claim 1, wherein the group of formula (4).
Figure 0003737342
感光性ジアゾキノン化合物(B)が、式(5)の群である請求項又は記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。
Figure 0003737342
The positive photosensitive resin composition according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the photosensitive diazoquinone compound (B) is a group of the formula (5).
Figure 0003737342
一般式(1)で示されるポリアミド樹脂(A)100重量部、感光性ジアゾキノン化合物(B)1〜100重量部、一般式(6)及び/又は一般式(7)のフェノール化合物(C)とからなることを特徴とするポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。
Figure 0003737342
Figure 0003737342
100 parts by weight of the polyamide resin (A) represented by the general formula (1), 1 to 100 parts by weight of the photosensitive diazoquinone compound (B), the phenol compound (C) of the general formula (6) and / or the general formula (7) A positive photosensitive resin composition comprising:
Figure 0003737342
Figure 0003737342
一般式(1)で示されるポリアミド樹脂(A)のYが、式(4)の群である請求項記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。Y of the polyamide resin represented by general formula (1) (A) is, according to claim 4 positive photosensitive resin composition, wherein the group of formula (4). 感光性ジアゾキノン化合物(B)が、式(5)の群である請求項又は記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。The positive photosensitive resin composition according to claim 4 or 5 , wherein the photosensitive diazoquinone compound (B) is a group of the formula (5). 請求項1〜6記載のいずれかのポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を用いて、加熱、硬化後の厚みが0.1〜30μmになるように半導体素子に塗布し、プリベーク、露光、現像及び加熱後、該半導体素子を封止樹脂組成物を用いて封止してなることを特徴とする半導体装置。Using the positive photosensitive resin composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , it is applied to a semiconductor element so as to have a thickness after heating and curing of 0.1 to 30 µm, and prebaked, exposed, developed and heated. Thereafter, the semiconductor device is formed by sealing the semiconductor element with a sealing resin composition.
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