JP3720117B2 - Vehicle alarm device - Google Patents

Vehicle alarm device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3720117B2
JP3720117B2 JP09734196A JP9734196A JP3720117B2 JP 3720117 B2 JP3720117 B2 JP 3720117B2 JP 09734196 A JP09734196 A JP 09734196A JP 9734196 A JP9734196 A JP 9734196A JP 3720117 B2 JP3720117 B2 JP 3720117B2
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vehicle speed
road
curve
turning
vehicle
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JPH09263200A (en
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昌裕 木下
敦 池田
一真 荒井
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Subaru Corp
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Fuji Jukogyo KK
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、自動車等の車両において、走行中にドライバの安全運転をアシストする警報装置に関し、詳しくは、カ−ブ路での走行安全性を向上する警報装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、交通事故の増大傾向に対して車の安全性の飛躍的向上を図るため、積極的に運転操作をアシストする総合的な運転支援システム(ADA、Active Drive Assist System)が開発されている。このシステムでは車両の外部環境を認識することが必要不可欠であるが、複数のカメラにより捉えた車両前方の風景や物体の画像情報を処理して、道路、交通環境を実用上十分な精度と時間で三次元的に認識することが可能になってきている。そこでADAシステムとしては、この道路、交通環境の画像デ−タを用いて、ドライバが操作ミスをしたり、よそ見運転、単調な運転時の居眠り等を生じた場合に、衝突や車線逸脱等の可能性の有無を予測して、安全側に導くように種々の角度からアシストすることを目指している。
【0003】
ここで運転支援のあり方としては、車はあくまで人間が操作するという考えに基づき、先ず予防安全性(最初から危険な状態に陥らない)を図る。即ち、衝突や車線逸脱等の可能性が予測される場合は、警報を鳴らしてドライバの安全運転をアシストする。そして警報を鳴らしてもドライバが適切に回避操作しない場合は、ブレ−キ、スロットルまたはステアリングの運転操作系を安全側に自動的に制御して、衝突や車線逸脱等を回避したり、運転操作を一時的に代行するように直接アシストすることが提案されている。
【0004】
そこでADAシステムにおける警報は、種々の可能性を予測して予防安全性を向上する上で非常に重要である、このためいかなる状況での何に対する可能性であるかを定め、画像デ−タの情報を有効に活用して可能性を的確に予測し、ドライバによる回避操作が可能な状態で警報を適正に発すること等が必要になる。ここで種々の可能性の1つとして、急カ−ブ等のカ−ブ路での道路や車線逸脱の可能性がある。特に、高速道路を出た直後のインタ−チェンジ等の急カ−ブでは、速度感覚がにぶってカ−ブへの進入速度が高く車線逸脱し易く、これに対して適切に警報を与えることが望まれる。
【0005】
従来、上記カ−ブ路での車線逸脱防止の警報装置に関しては、例えば実開平5−46612号公報の先行技術がある。この先行技術において、操舵角の範囲毎の車速と横加速度から車両の状態を判断し、例えば所定の操舵角による旋回時に車速と横加速度が共に大きくなったことを判断すると、警報を発して、オ−バスピ−ドによる車線逸脱等を防止することが示されている。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、上記先行技術のものにあっては、旋回走行中に横加速度を実際に生じている状態で判断する方法であり、カ−ブ路に進入する際のオ−バスピ−ドに起因する車線逸脱を未然に防ぐものではない。またカ−ブ路の実際の曲率半径、車線の幅等の情報が無いので、判断の精度が低い等の問題がある。
【0007】
本発明は、このような点に鑑み、カ−ブ路への進入前にオ−バスピ−ドに起因する車線逸脱の可能性を予測して、適切に警報を発することを目的とする。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この目的を達成するため、本発明の請求項1に係る車両の警報装置は、図1に示すように、車両前方を撮像して得られた画像信号の処理によって該車両前方の道路形状を認識する画像認識手段と、上記道路形状によりカーブ路をその進入前に検出するカーブ路検出手段と、上記カーブ路を検出したときに上記道路形状による該カーブ路の情報に基づいてカーブ曲率半径R Cを算出し、該カーブ曲率半径R Cと予め設定されている横加速度GCとに基づき上記カーブ路を旋回する際の旋回車速VCを演算する旋回車速演算手段と、上記旋回車速VCと上記カーブ路進入前の実際の車速VSとを比較して急カーブか否かを判定する急カーブ判定手段と、上記実際の車速VS及び上記旋回車速VCに基づいて上記カーブ路の進入に際して制動を開始すべき制動開始地点LBを算出し、上記急カーブを判定したときに、該制動開始地点LBを過ぎても減速操作信号入力されない場合に警報を発する制動状態判定手段とを備えることを特徴とする。
【0009】
請求項2に係る車両の警報装置は、請求項1に係る車両の警報装置において、上記旋回車速演算手段は、上記旋回車速VCを、上記横加速度GCと上記カーブ曲率半径RCを用いて、VC=√(GC・RC)により推定したことを特徴とする。
【0010】
請求項3に係る車両の警報装置は、請求項1または2に係る車両の警報装置において、上記制動状態判定手段は、上記制動開始地点LBを、上記旋回車速VCと実際の車速VSを用いて、LB=(VS−VC)/g*(VS+VC)/2により推定したことを特徴とする。
請求項4に係る車両の警報装置は、請求項1または2に係る車両の警報装置において、上記制動開始地点LBは、上記実際の車速VSから上記旋回車速VCに減速するまでに要する制動距離だけ上記カーブ路手前の地点であることを特徴とする。
請求項5に係る車両の警報装置は、請求項1〜4の何れか1項に係る車両の警報装置において、上記減速操作信号は、アクセルセンサでアクセルOFFを検出したときに入力され、またブレーキスイッチでブレーキONを検出したときに入力されることを特徴とする。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面に基づいて本発明の実施の形態を説明する。図2において、車両とADAシステムの全体の概略について説明する。先ず、車両1はエンジン2がクラッチ4、変速機5、プロペラ軸6、リヤディファレンシャル装置7、リヤ車軸8等を介して後輪10に連結し、プロペラ軸6よりセンタ−ディファレンシャル装置17、フロントディファレンシャル装置18、フロント車軸19等を介して前輪9に連結し、前後輪9、10を駆動して走行可能に構成される。車両1の運転操作系として、アクセルペダル11がエンジン2のスロットル弁3を開閉してエンジン出力を変化するように設けられる。またブレ−キ装置12が、ブレ−キペダル13の操作でブレ−キ圧をブレ−キ管路14により前後輪9、10のホイ−ルシリンダ側に導入して制動するように設けられる。更に、ステアリング装置15が、ハンドル16の操作で前輪9を操舵するように設けられる。
【0012】
ADAシステム20は、車両制御の種々のアクチュエ−タとして、スロットル弁3にスロットルアクチュエ−タ21が、スロットル信号によりエンジン出力を増減できるように設けられている。またブレ−キ装置12のブレ−キ管路14中にブレ−キアクチュエ−タ22が、ブレ−キ信号によりブレ−キ圧を加減圧して自動ブレ−キするように設けられている。更に、ステアリング装置15にステアリングアクチュエ−タ23が、操舵信号により自動操舵するように設けられている。
【0013】
電子制御系について説明する。画像認識手段として車両1の例えば左右前方に配置される2台のCCDカメラ25と、ステレオイメ−ジプロセッサの画像認識ユニット26を備える。2台のCCDカメラ25は、車両前方の風景や物体をステレオ式に撮像して捉える。画像認識ユニット26は、2台のCCDカメラ25で撮像した画像信号を、ステレオ法による三角測量法で処理して距離を算出し、画面全体が三次元の距離分布の距離画像を作る。そして距離画像から車線、先行車、障害物等を分離して検出し、車線からは左右の白線、道路の三次元形状等を認識する。また前方の物体が何であるか、先行車や障害物との相対的な距離や速度等を認識するのであり、こうして道路、交通環境の画像デ−タを得る。
【0014】
ADA制御ユニット40は、種々の可能性を予測して警報を発する警報制御系、警報したにも拘らずドライバが回避操作しない場合の車両制御系等を有する。車両制御系は、画像デ−タを他の種々のセンサ信号により、例えば先行車や道路の障害物に対して安全な距離を保つように加減速度を演算し、この加減速度に基づく適正なスロットル開度のスロットル信号をスロットルアクチュエ−タ21に出力してエンジン出力制御する。また加減速度に基づく適正なブレ−キ圧のブレ−キ信号をブレ−キアクチュエ−タ22に出力して自動ブレ−キ制御し、これによりドライバの操作ミスや回避操作しない場合に、安全車間距離に保ち、または衝突防止することが可能になっている。一方、画像上の所定距離位置の目標軌跡を設定し、且つ車両が現在の走行状態のままで所定距離位置に走行した場合の予測軌道を算出し、これら目標軌道と予測軌道のずれに応じた操舵信号をステアリングアクチュエ−タ23に出力して自動操舵制御し、ドライバの操作ミス等の場合に、衝突回避や車線の逸脱防止することが可能になっている。
【0015】
警報装置の1つとしてカ−ブ路の車線逸脱に対する警報制御系について説明する。先ず、カ−ブ路に進入する前に、画像デ−タにおけるカ−ブ路の曲率半径や車線の幅等の情報を取り出す。また車速を検出する車速センサ30を有し、ドライバの減速操作信号として、アクセルOFFを検出するアクセルセンサ31、ブレ−キONを検出するブレ−キスイッチ32を有し、減速信号として加速度を検出する加速度センサ33を有する。そしてこれら情報、センサやスイッチの信号により、カ−ブ路進入前にカ−ブ路の急カ−ブを判断して車線逸脱の可能性を予測し、アラ−ム34で警報を発するように構成される。
【0016】
次に、本発明による急カ−ブ判定方法と警報制御を、図3の機能ブロック図と図4、図5のフロ−チャ−トにより説明する。先ず、車両走行中に2台のCCDカメラ25で撮像した画像信号を画像認識ユニット26で処理して、道路、交通環境の画像デ−タを得る(ステップS1)。この画像デ−タはADA制御ユニット40のカ−ブ路検出手段41に入力し、図6のように車両前方にカ−ブ路Cが有る場合は、画像デ−タによりそのカ−ブ路Cを検出する(ステップS2)。
【0017】
カ−ブ路Cを検出すると、そのカ−ブ路Cの手前の地点で画像デ−タにおけるカ−ブ路Cの最大の曲率半径Rと車線の幅Wの情報を取り出し、車速センサ30によるカ−ブ路C手前の実際の車速VS 、急カ−ブ迄の距離Lを読込む(ステップS3)。そしてカ−ブ曲率半径演算手段42で、画像デ−タによる曲率半径Rと車線の幅Wにより、カ−ブ路Cの車線の幅を加味し、車線の全幅を利用したアウト・イン・アウト走行によるカ−ブ路Cにおける最大旋回半径であるカ−ブ曲率半径RC を、RC =R+Wにより演算する(ステップS4)。その後、旋回車速演算手段43で、そのカ−ブ路Cを標準的なドライバが旋回する際の旋回車速VC を、横加速度GC (例えば0.4G)とカ−ブ曲率半径RC を用いて、VC =√(GC・RC)により演算して推定する(ステップS5)。これにより実際のカ−ブ路Cが、曲率半径Rが大きくても車線の幅が狭かったり、曲率半径Rが小さくても車線の幅が広い等の種々の状況であっても、車線逸脱を生じない旋回車速VC が予め正確に求まる。
【0018】
そして急カ−ブ判定手段44で、カ−ブ路Cの進入前の実際の車速VS と旋回車速VC を比較して急カ−ブか否かを判断する(ステップS6)。そして旋回車速VC より車速VS の方が小さい場合は、急カ−ブでないことを判断して終了する。一方、旋回車速VC より車速VS の方が大きい場合は、このままの車速VS でカ−ブ路Cに進入した場合に車線逸脱する可能性が有る急カ−ブと判定する(ステップS7)。そこでドライバが目の前のカ−ブ路Cと車両1の現在の車速VS の状態を認識し、車速VS が充分に低く保持されていたり、または車速VS がカ−ブ路Cの曲率半径や車線の幅から推定した旋回車速VC より大きいと判断して早めに減速すると、車線逸脱する可能性が低下するため警報を鳴らさない。そして車両1は、この車速VS でカ−ブ路Cに進入して正常に旋回する。
【0019】
急カ−ブを判定した場合は、車線逸脱判定手段45でアクセルセンサ31やブレ−キスイッチ32の減速操作信号をチェックして、ドライバが回避操作したか否かを判断する(ステップS8)。そして減速操作信号が入力すると、ドライバが回避操作したことを判定して終了する。一方、減速操作信号が入力しない場合は、ドライバが回避操作しないことを判定して、警報サブル−チンに移行する(ステップS9)。
【0020】
警報サブル−チンは図5に示すように、先ず車両前方の急カ−ブ進入に際して標準的なドライバが制動を開始する制動開始地点LB を算出する(ステップS11)このステップS11での演算は、LB=(VS−VC)/g*(VS+VC )/2とする。ここで、VCは標準的ドライバの旋回速度を表し、例えば旋回横 Gを0.2としてVC=√(R*0.2*9.8)として算出する。そしてステ ップS3で読み込んだ急カ−ブまでの距離Lと制動開始地点LB とを比較する(ステップS12)。仮にL>LB の場合には、急カ−ブまでの距離に余裕があるため警報を鳴らさない。一方、L≦LB の場合には、標準的なドライバが制動を掛けるべき地点を通り過ぎているためカ−ブ路Cでの車両1の車線逸脱の可能性を予測してアラ−ム34で警報を鳴らす(ステップS13)。これにより、カ−ブ路Cの進入前に警報が鳴り、ドライバが警報に気付いて減速するように回避操作しても充分に間に合い、この回避操作により車両1は減速した状態でカ−ブ路Cに進入して、車線逸脱を未然に防止するようにドライバの安全運転がアシストされる。
【0021】
以上、本発明の実施の形態について説明したが、ドライバの減速信号として加速度センサ33の信号を用いることもできる。また、本発明の実施の形態において、警報手段をアラ−ム34を使用した例を説明したが、ドライバの覚醒度を高められるものであればドライバの視野内に設けた表示装置やシ−トクッション、またはシ−トバックに内装された振動を発する振動装置等でも良い。
【0022】
【発明の効果】
以上に説明したように、本発明に係る車両の警報装置では、カーブ路進入に際し制動を開始すべき地点に車両が到達しても減速操作信号が入力されない場合に警報を発するようにしたので、不必要な警報を発することなくカーブ路でのドライバの安全運転を確実のアシストすることができる。
【0023】
また、旋回車速VCを横加速度GCとカーブ曲率半径RC及び車線幅を用いて、VC=√(GC・RC)により推定したことにより、画像情報を元に高い精度の旋回車速の推定が行える。
【0024】
また、減速開始地点LBを、旋回車速VCと実際の車速VSを用いて、LB=(VS−VC)/g*(VS+VC)/2により推定したことで、カーブ進入に際して違和感のない制動が行える。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る車両の警報装置の構成を示すクレ−ム対応図。
【図2】車両とADAシステムの全体の概略を示す説明図である。
【図3】本発明の警報装置の機能ブロック図である。
【図4】本発明の全体制御を表すフロ−チャ−トである。
【図5】本発明の制動状態判定手段での制御を表すフロ−チャ−トである。
【図6】カ−ブ路の状態を示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
27 画像認識手段
41 カ−ブ路検出手段
43 旋回車速演算手段
44 急カ−ブ判定手段
45 制動状態判定手段
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an alarm device that assists a driver's safe driving while traveling in a vehicle such as an automobile, and more particularly to an alarm device that improves driving safety on a curve road.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, a comprehensive driving assistance system (ADA, Active Drive Assist System) that actively assists driving operations has been developed in order to dramatically improve the safety of vehicles against the increasing trend of traffic accidents. In this system, it is indispensable to recognize the external environment of the vehicle, but it processes the image information of the scenery and objects in front of the vehicle captured by multiple cameras, so that the road and traffic environment have sufficient accuracy and time for practical use. It has become possible to recognize three-dimensionally. Therefore, the ADA system uses the image data of the road and traffic environment, such as collisions and lane departures, when the driver makes an operational error, looks aside, or falls asleep during monotonous driving. The goal is to assist with various angles to predict the possibility and guide it to the safe side.
[0003]
Here, as driving assistance, based on the idea that the vehicle is operated by humans, first, preventive safety (does not fall into a dangerous state from the beginning). That is, when the possibility of a collision or lane departure is predicted, an alarm is sounded to assist the driver in safe driving. If the driver does not properly avoid the operation even if the alarm is sounded, the brake, throttle, or steering operation system is automatically controlled to the safe side to avoid a collision, lane departure, etc. It has been proposed to assist directly to temporarily act.
[0004]
Therefore, alarms in the ADA system are very important in predicting various possibilities and improving preventive safety. Therefore, it is possible to determine what is possible in what situation, and what is the possibility of image data. It is necessary to effectively predict the possibility by effectively using the information and to appropriately issue an alarm in a state where the avoidance operation by the driver is possible. Here, as one of various possibilities, there is a possibility of a road or lane departure on a curve road such as a sharp curve. In particular, in a sudden curve such as an interchange immediately after leaving the expressway, the speed perception is high, the entry speed to the curve is high, and it is easy to deviate from the lane. Is desired.
[0005]
Conventionally, there is a prior art disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-46612, for example, as an alarm device for preventing lane departure on a curved road. In this prior art, the state of the vehicle is determined from the vehicle speed and the lateral acceleration for each range of the steering angle. For example, when it is determined that both the vehicle speed and the lateral acceleration are increased when turning at a predetermined steering angle, an alarm is issued, It has been shown to prevent lane departure due to the overspeed.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the above-mentioned prior art, it is a method of judging in a state where the lateral acceleration is actually generated during turning, and the lane resulting from the overspeed when entering the curve road It does not prevent deviation. Further, since there is no information such as the actual curvature radius of the curve road and the width of the lane, there is a problem that the accuracy of judgment is low.
[0007]
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to predict the possibility of a lane departure due to an obbus speed before entering a curve road, and to appropriately issue a warning.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve this object, a vehicle alarm device according to claim 1 of the present invention recognizes a road shape ahead of the vehicle by processing an image signal obtained by imaging the vehicle front, as shown in FIG. an image recognition means for a curved road detection means for detecting before the entering the curved road by the road shape, curve curvature on the basis of the curved road information by the road shape when it detects the curved road radius R C A turning vehicle speed calculating means for calculating a turning vehicle speed VC when turning on the curved road based on the curve curvature radius RC and a preset lateral acceleration GC, the turning vehicle speed VC and the curved road Braking should be started upon entering the curved road based on the actual vehicle speed VS and the turning vehicle speed VC based on the actual vehicle speed VS and the turning vehicle speed VC by comparing with the actual vehicle speed VS before entering the vehicle. braking When starting point LB is calculated and said steep curve is determined, it is provided with a braking state determining means for issuing an alarm when a deceleration operation signal is not input even after passing braking start point LB.
[0009]
Alarm device for a vehicle according to claim 2 is the alarm device for a vehicle according to claim 1, said turning vehicle speed calculating means, the turning vehicle speed VC, with the lateral acceleration GC and the curve's radius of curvature RC, VC = √ (GC · RC).
[0010]
A vehicle alarm device according to a third aspect is the vehicle alarm device according to the first or second aspect, wherein the braking state determination means uses the turning vehicle speed VC and the actual vehicle speed VS as the braking start point LB. LB = (VS−VC) / g * (VS + VC) / 2.
The vehicle alarm device according to a fourth aspect is the vehicle alarm device according to the first or second aspect, wherein the braking start point LB is only a braking distance required to decelerate from the actual vehicle speed VS to the turning vehicle speed VC. It is a point before the curve road.
A vehicle alarm device according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the vehicle alarm device according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the deceleration operation signal is input when an accelerator OFF is detected by an accelerator sensor , and a brake is applied. It is input when a brake ON is detected by a switch.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 2, the outline of the entire vehicle and the ADA system will be described. First, in the vehicle 1, the engine 2 is connected to the rear wheel 10 through the clutch 4, the transmission 5, the propeller shaft 6, the rear differential device 7, the rear axle 8, and the like, and from the propeller shaft 6 to the center differential device 17 and the front differential. It is connected to the front wheel 9 via the device 18, the front axle 19 and the like, and is configured to be able to travel by driving the front and rear wheels 9, 10. As a driving operation system of the vehicle 1, an accelerator pedal 11 is provided so as to change the engine output by opening and closing the throttle valve 3 of the engine 2. A brake device 12 is provided so as to introduce and brake the brake pressure to the wheel cylinder side of the front and rear wheels 9 and 10 through the brake line 14 by operation of the brake pedal 13. Furthermore, a steering device 15 is provided to steer the front wheels 9 by operating the handle 16.
[0012]
The ADA system 20 is provided with a throttle actuator 21 in the throttle valve 3 as various actuators for vehicle control so that the engine output can be increased or decreased by a throttle signal. Further, a brake actuator 22 is provided in the brake line 14 of the brake device 12 so as to automatically increase and decrease the brake pressure by a brake signal. Further, a steering actuator 23 is provided in the steering device 15 so as to be automatically steered by a steering signal.
[0013]
The electronic control system will be described. As image recognition means, for example, two CCD cameras 25 arranged on the left and right front of the vehicle 1 and an image recognition unit 26 of a stereo image processor are provided. The two CCD cameras 25 capture and capture a landscape and an object in front of the vehicle in a stereo manner. The image recognition unit 26 calculates the distance by processing the image signals picked up by the two CCD cameras 25 by the triangulation method by the stereo method, and creates a distance image having a three-dimensional distance distribution on the entire screen. Then, a lane, a preceding vehicle, an obstacle, and the like are separated and detected from the distance image, and the left and right white lines and the three-dimensional shape of the road are recognized from the lane. In addition, it recognizes what the object ahead is, the relative distance and speed with respect to the preceding vehicle and obstacles, and thus obtains image data of the road and traffic environment.
[0014]
The ADA control unit 40 includes an alarm control system that predicts various possibilities and issues an alarm, and a vehicle control system that is used when the driver does not perform an avoidance operation despite the alarm. The vehicle control system calculates the acceleration / deceleration of the image data based on other various sensor signals so as to maintain a safe distance from, for example, a preceding vehicle or an obstacle on the road, and an appropriate throttle based on the acceleration / deceleration is calculated. The throttle signal of the opening degree is output to the throttle actuator 21 to control the engine output. In addition, a brake signal with an appropriate brake pressure based on acceleration / deceleration is output to the brake actuator 22 for automatic brake control. It is possible to keep or prevent collision. On the other hand, a target trajectory at a predetermined distance position on the image is set, and a predicted trajectory is calculated when the vehicle travels to a predetermined distance position in the current traveling state, and the deviation between the target trajectory and the predicted trajectory is calculated. A steering signal is output to the steering actuator 23 for automatic steering control, so that it is possible to avoid collision and prevent lane departure in the event of a driver's operation error or the like.
[0015]
As one of the alarm devices, an alarm control system for lane departure on a curve road will be described. First, before entering the curve road, information such as the curvature radius of the curve path and the width of the lane in the image data is taken out. It also has a vehicle speed sensor 30 for detecting the vehicle speed, and has an accelerator sensor 31 for detecting accelerator OFF and a brake switch 32 for detecting brake ON as a driver deceleration operation signal, and detects acceleration as a deceleration signal. An acceleration sensor 33 is included. Based on these information, signals from sensors and switches, a sudden curve on the curve road is judged before entering the curve path, the possibility of lane departure is predicted, and an alarm is issued at the alarm 34. Composed.
[0016]
Next, the sudden curve determination method and alarm control according to the present invention will be described with reference to the functional block diagram of FIG. 3 and the flowcharts of FIGS. First, image signals picked up by the two CCD cameras 25 while the vehicle is running are processed by the image recognition unit 26 to obtain image data of roads and traffic environments (step S1). This image data is input to the curve path detection means 41 of the ADA control unit 40, and when there is a curve path C in front of the vehicle as shown in FIG. 6, the curve path is determined by the image data. C is detected (step S2).
[0017]
When the curve road C is detected, information on the maximum curvature radius R and the lane width W of the curve road C in the image data is extracted at a point before the curve road C, and is detected by the vehicle speed sensor 30. The actual vehicle speed VS before the curve road C and the distance L to the sharp curve are read (step S3). Then, the curve curvature radius calculation means 42 takes out the lane width of the curve road C from the curvature radius R and the lane width W based on the image data, and uses the full width of the lane. A curve curvature radius RC which is the maximum turning radius on the curve path C by traveling is calculated by RC = R + W (step S4). Thereafter, the turning vehicle speed calculating means 43 uses the lateral acceleration GC (for example, 0.4 G) and the curve curvature radius RC to determine the turning vehicle speed VC when the standard driver turns on the curve road C. Calculation is performed by VC = √ (GC · RC) (step S5). As a result, even if the actual curve road C is in various situations such as a narrow lane width even if the radius of curvature R is large, or a wide lane width even if the radius of curvature R is small, the lane departure may be avoided. The turning vehicle speed VC that does not occur is accurately determined in advance.
[0018]
Then, the sudden curve determination means 44 compares the actual vehicle speed VS before entering the curve road C and the turning vehicle speed VC to determine whether or not the curve is a sudden curve (step S6). If the vehicle speed VS is smaller than the turning vehicle speed VC, it is determined that the curve is not a sudden curve and the process ends. On the other hand, if the vehicle speed VS is higher than the turning vehicle speed VC, it is determined that the curve is a steep curve that may deviate from the lane when entering the curve road C at the same vehicle speed VS (step S7). Therefore, the driver recognizes the state of the curve road C in front of him and the current vehicle speed VS of the vehicle 1, and the vehicle speed VS is kept sufficiently low, or the vehicle speed VS is equal to the radius of curvature of the curve road C, If it is judged that the vehicle speed is larger than the turning vehicle speed VC estimated from the width of the lane and the vehicle is decelerated early, the possibility of deviating from the lane is reduced, so that no alarm is sounded. Then, the vehicle 1 enters the curve road C at the vehicle speed VS and turns normally.
[0019]
When the sudden curve is determined, the lane departure determining means 45 checks the deceleration operation signal of the accelerator sensor 31 and the brake switch 32 to determine whether or not the driver has performed an avoidance operation (step S8). When a deceleration operation signal is input, it is determined that the driver has performed an avoidance operation, and the process ends. On the other hand, when the deceleration operation signal is not input, it is determined that the driver does not perform the avoidance operation, and the process proceeds to the alarm subroutine (step S9).
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 5, the alarm subroutine first calculates a braking start point LB at which a standard driver starts braking when suddenly entering the car ahead of the vehicle (step S11). LB = (VS-VC) / g * (VS + VC) / 2. Here, VC represents the turning speed of a standard driver. For example, assuming that the turning lateral G is 0.2, VC = √ (R * 0.2 * 9.8). Then, the distance L to the sudden curve read in step S3 is compared with the braking start point LB (step S12). If L> LB, the alarm is not sounded because there is a margin in the distance to the sudden curve. On the other hand, in the case of L ≦ LB, a standard driver has passed a point to be braked, so the possibility of a lane departure of the vehicle 1 on the curve road C is predicted and an alarm 34 is given as an alarm. Is sounded (step S13). As a result, an alarm sounds before entering the curve road C, and even if the driver recognizes the alarm and avoids the vehicle so as to decelerate, the vehicle 1 is sufficiently in time. Entering C, the driver's safe driving is assisted to prevent lane departure.
[0021]
Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the signal of the acceleration sensor 33 can be used as a driver deceleration signal. In the embodiment of the present invention, the alarm unit 34 is used as an alarm means. However, a display device or sheet provided within the driver's field of view can be used as long as the driver's arousal level can be increased. A vibration device or the like that emits vibration may be installed in the cushion or the seat back.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the vehicle alarm device according to the present invention, the alarm is issued when the deceleration operation signal is not input even if the vehicle arrives at the point where braking should be started when entering the curved road. It is possible to reliably assist the driver in safe driving on a curved road without issuing an unnecessary warning.
[0023]
Further, the turning vehicle speed VC is estimated by VC = √ (GC · RC) using the lateral acceleration GC, the curve curvature radius RC and the lane width, so that the turning vehicle speed can be estimated with high accuracy based on the image information.
[0024]
In addition, the deceleration start point LB, using the actual vehicle speed VS and swivel the vehicle speed VC, LB = (VS-VC ) / g * (VS + VC) / 2 that was estimated by, the braking no discomfort when entering the curve Yes.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a claim correspondence diagram showing a configuration of an alarm device for a vehicle according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of the entire vehicle and an ADA system.
FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the alarm device of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing overall control of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the control by the braking state determining means of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of a curve road.
[Explanation of symbols]
27 Image recognition means 41 Curve road detection means 43 Turning vehicle speed calculation means 44 Sudden curve determination means 45 Braking state determination means

Claims (5)

車両前方を撮像して得られた画像信号の処理によって該車両前方の道路形状を認識する画像認識手段と、
上記道路形状によりカーブ路をその進入前に検出するカーブ路検出手段と、
上記カーブ路を検出したときに上記道路形状による該カーブ路の情報に基づいてカーブ曲率半径R Cを算出し、該カーブ曲率半径R Cと予め設定されている横加速度GCとに基づき上記カーブ路を旋回する際の旋回車速VCを演算する旋回車速演算手段と、
上記旋回車速VCと上記カーブ路進入前の実際の車速VSとを比較して急カーブか否かを判定する急カーブ判定手段と、
上記実際の車速VS及び上記旋回車速VCに基づいて上記カーブ路の進入に際して制動を開始すべき制動開始地点LBを算出し、上記急カーブを判定したときに、該制動開始地点LBを過ぎても減速操作信号入力されない場合に警報を発する制動状態判定手段とを備えることを特徴とする車両の警報装置。
Image recognition means for recognizing a road shape ahead of the vehicle by processing an image signal obtained by imaging the front of the vehicle;
A curved road detecting means for detecting a curved road by the road shape before entering the road;
When the curved road is detected, a curve curvature radius R C is calculated based on the curved road information based on the road shape, and the curved road is calculated based on the curved curvature radius R C and a preset lateral acceleration GC. A turning vehicle speed calculating means for calculating a turning vehicle speed VC when turning
A sharp curve determining means for comparing the turning vehicle speed VC and the actual vehicle speed VS before entering the curved road to determine whether or not it is a sharp curve;
Based on the actual vehicle speed VS and the turning vehicle speed VC, a braking start point LB at which braking is to be started upon entering the curved road is calculated, and when the sharp curve is determined, the braking start point LB is passed. A vehicular alarm device comprising: a braking state determination unit that issues an alarm when a deceleration operation signal is not input .
上記旋回車速演算手段は、上記旋回車速VCを、上記横加速度GCと上記カーブ曲率半径RCを用いて、VC=√(GC・RC)により推定したことを特徴とする請求項1記載の車両の警報装置。The turning vehicle speed calculating means, the turning vehicle speed VC, with the lateral acceleration GC and the curve's radius of curvature RC, VC = √ (GC · RC) for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that estimated by Alarm device. 上記制動状態判定手段は、上記制動開始地点LBを、上記旋回車速VCと実際の車速VSを用いて、LB=(VS−VC)/g*(VS+VC)/2により推定したことを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の車両の警報装置。  The braking state judging means estimates the braking start point LB by LB = (VS−VC) / g * (VS + VC) / 2 using the turning vehicle speed VC and the actual vehicle speed VS. The vehicle alarm device according to claim 1 or 2. 上記制動開始地点LBは、上記実際の車速VSから上記旋回車速VCに減速するまでに要する制動距離だけ上記カーブ路手前の地点であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の車両の警報装置。  3. The vehicle warning according to claim 1, wherein the braking start point LB is a point before the curve road by a braking distance required to decelerate from the actual vehicle speed VS to the turning vehicle speed VC. apparatus. 上記制動状態判定手段は、アクセルセンサでアクセルOFFを検出し、またはブレーキスイッチでブレーキONを検出したとき上記減速操作信号が入力される
ことを特徴とする請求項1〜4の何れか1項に記載の車両の警報装置。
The deceleration operation signal is input to the braking state determination means when an accelerator OFF is detected by an accelerator sensor or a brake ON is detected by a brake switch. vehicle alarm system according to any one.
JP09734196A 1996-03-28 1996-03-28 Vehicle alarm device Expired - Lifetime JP3720117B2 (en)

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JPH11148394A (en) * 1997-11-14 1999-06-02 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Vehicle controller
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JP4319928B2 (en) 2004-03-09 2009-08-26 株式会社デンソー Vehicle state detection system and vehicle state detection method
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JP2011255817A (en) * 2010-06-10 2011-12-22 Mitsubishi Motors Corp Lane deviation preventing device
JP5673597B2 (en) 2011-11-18 2015-02-18 株式会社デンソー Vehicle behavior control device
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