JP3623158B2 - Plant group transplantation method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method of transplanting a plant group such as a natural forest, a plant group fabric, or a garden to other land in a form accompanied by ecological restoration in forestry, civil engineering, landscaping, or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When transplanting a plant group such as a natural forest, plant group fabric, or garden to another land, dig the root pots of the target trees one by one in a circle and wrap the surroundings of the roots with soil or firewood. A method is adopted in which the root winding to be protected is carried and transported to the planned transplantation site, and then the root winding is implanted in the soil.
[0003]
In this case, after surveying the natural forest to be transplanted in detail and drawing the state accurately, digging up each tree and herb and transporting them to the planned transplant site, The work of planting one by one in the street is being carried out.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional transplantation method, it is necessary to survey the natural forests to be transplanted in detail and create an accurate drawing. After creating the drawing, dig up trees one by one and transport them to the planned transplantation site. Since one by one must be replanted according to the drawing, a great deal of labor and time is spent on these operations. Even if there is a drawing describing the original state of a natural forest, it is extremely difficult to restore the original state by planting the excavated trees one by one in the planned site for transplantation. Even if the work is done, the soil condition around the trees is not restored, so the trees are not well settled after transplanting. Furthermore, since the root pots of the trees that have been dug one by one are rounded, even if trees are planted adjacent to each other, a gap is created. Not only is it consumed, it is a factor that makes it difficult to settle after planting.
[0005]
Also, in the conventional transplantation method, digging work is performed in the order of large trees to small trees, but when digging a single tree, the surrounding soil is stepped on or roughened by digging. In many cases, small trees and flowers growing in the surrounding area are often damaged or withered. For this reason, the trees and flowers that are actually transplanted are greatly reduced, and only trees that are high and only a few shrubs remain in the forest after transplantation is completely different from the original state. It's real.
[0006]
Furthermore, in the case of the conventional transplantation method, undergrowth, mosses or ferns that grow in the topsoil around the trees are removed, so it becomes almost devastated, and organisms that live in the soil also escape, Since it is often killed, the balance of the ecosystem after transplanting may be lost, and the subsequent growth of the entire forest may be adversely affected.
[0007]
The problem to be solved by the present invention is a plant group transplantation method that is easy to construct, can perform transplantation work efficiently, has very little damage to the plant group, and has good survival such as trees after transplanting. It is to provide.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the plant group transplantation method of the present invention is a quadrilateral planar shape in which a thin string is stretched vertically and horizontally on the ground surface of a transplant target site where plants such as trees and flowers grow. A step of dividing each region into identification means for recognizing the positional relationship of the regions and forming grooves along thin strings positioned on the left and right of the regions. A step of cutting a ground by inserting a root-cutting chain saw along a thin string located before and after the plant, and using a tree transplanter having a bucket that can accommodate the plant group together with soil in a growing state, the plant group is placed in the region. A step of digging up with the soil every time, a step of transferring the plant group with soil excavated for each region to the planned transplantation site, and the plant group with soil in the planned transplantation site based on the identification means Process of arranging and planting as before Characterized in that it comprises a.
[0009]
By adopting such a configuration, the growing plant group is dug out while keeping the natural state together with the soil, with each divided area as a unit, and in the original arrangement to the planned transplantation site Since it is planted, the damage to the plant group is extremely small, and the survival of trees after transplanting is also good. In addition, since each operation such as digging, transferring and planting is performed not by one tree but by a unit of area of a predetermined area, the transplanting operation is efficient, and since the arrangement and planting are performed based on the identification means, construction is also possible. Easy.
[0010]
In such a plant group transplantation method, since the planar shape of the region is a quadrilateral, it becomes possible to partition the plant group into a plurality of regions by arranging a plurality of straight lines vertically and horizontally. In addition to improving the efficiency, the workability of excavating and transporting each area is also improved. In addition, when planting the excavated plant group on the planned site for transplantation, the adjacent areas are in close contact with each other without any gaps, eliminating the need to fill the gaps with earth and sand, simplifying the planting work, Will also be good.
[0011]
Further, by providing a basic unit area having a constant area and a fractional unit area having a smaller area than the basic unit area as the area, the area is divided according to the distribution state of trees and the like in the plant group and the structure of the ground. Since each region can be set by providing boundaries on easy-to-dig portions and easy-to-dig portions, the following work can be made more efficient as well as the digging work.
[0012]
Furthermore, by making the planar shape of the basic unit area a square with a side length of 1 to 1.5 m, excavation work using a tree transplanter, transportation of trees with excavated soil, and fixed planting Since the size is suitable for work, workability is improved and the work period can be shortened.
[0013]
On the other hand, in the step of digging up the plant group together with the topsoil, the basic unit region and the fractional unit region are dug out by using a tree transplanter having a bucket that can accommodate the plant group in the basic unit region together with the soil in a growing state. Since the operations can be performed all at once, the work efficiency can be improved, and damage to the plant group in each region associated with the digging operation can be prevented.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a state where a plant group habitat in the embodiment of the present invention is partitioned into a plurality of regions, and FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a digging operation in the plant group habitat of FIG.
[0015]
In this embodiment, first, as shown in FIG. 1, a thin string 4 is stretched in a straight line vertically and horizontally on the ground surface of a transplant target site 1 on which a group of plants such as trees and flowers grows. A basic unit area 2 of 1.5 m and a fractional unit area 3 having a smaller area are divided into serial numbers {1}, {2}, {3}, {4}, as identification means. (5)... Are attached, and an area layout diagram showing these division conditions is created, and the pre-transplant state of the transplant target site 1 is recorded. In this case, a full scale ruler of 1.5 m × 1.5 m is prepared, and the thin string 4 is stretched so that the trees and the like growing on the transplant target site 1 can be accommodated in each region. The fraction unit area 3 is set according to the distribution state and the ground condition.
[0016]
When the string 4 has been stretched and the drawing has been completed, a groove having a width of about 10 cm is formed along the string 4 positioned on the left and right of each region in order to facilitate insertion of the tree transplanter 10 described later into the soil. Along with the thin string 4 located before and after each region, a root-cutting chain saw is inserted to cut the ground.
[0017]
Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the plant group growing in the basic unit area 2 and the fractional unit area 3 is dug together with the soil. In this case, using the tree transplanter 10 to be described later, the basic unit area 2 and the fraction unit area 3 are taken as one unit, and the areas are dug together for each area.
[0018]
The tree transplanter 10 is the same as the tree transplanter described in Japanese Patent No. 3005532 filed by the present applicant, and is attached to the work arm A of the heavy machine H as shown in FIGS. use. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the tree transplanter 10 is composed of a left side plate 11, a right side plate 12, a back plate 13, and the like, and a bucket 15 having an open bottom 14, and a bucket from the back side of the bucket 15. 15, a fork 17 having a plurality of claw members 16, 26 that can be slid into and out of the bottom surface portion 14, a thick reinforcing portion 16 a formed on the claw material 16, and the left and right side portions of the bucket 15. A hydraulic cylinder 18 that directly drives and slides the fork 17 and a connecting plate 20 and a pin hole 24 provided on the rear upper surface of the bucket 15 for mounting on the work arm A via a pin 19 are provided. Further, support columns 25 are provided upright on the left and right side portions of the bucket 15, and fallen tree prevention members 27 and 29 supported by these support columns 25 are disposed substantially horizontally on the left and right side portions and the back surface portion of the bucket 15. .
[0019]
5A is a plan view of the bucket 15 constituting the tree transplanter 10, and FIG. 5B is a left side view of the bucket 15. As shown in these figures, the bucket 15 is a left side plate. 11, a right side plate 12, a back plate 13, and the like, and a front surface portion and a bottom surface portion 14 are opened. The fork 17 is slid in and out from the lower edge portion of the back plate 13 to the bottom surface portion 14 by the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinders 18 disposed on the left and right side surfaces of the bucket 15.
[0020]
Further, since the bucket 15 is manufactured so that the planar projection area is slightly larger than the area of the basic unit region 2, the plant group of the basic unit region 2 and the fractional unit region 3 is accommodated together with the soil. be able to.
[0021]
Further, the fork 17 includes a plurality of claw members 16 and 26 arranged at regular intervals, a side reinforcing plate 21 attached to a side surface portion of the claw material 26 arranged on the left and right sides, and rear portions of the claw materials 16 and 26. It is formed with the back reinforcement board 22 etc. which are arrange | positioned.
[0022]
The nail members 26 arranged at the left and right ends of the fork 17 are plate-like as a whole, and the tip portion is pointed in a wedge shape. The central portion of the four nail members 16 excluding the nail members 26 has a longitudinal direction. A thick reinforcing portion 16a is provided along the tip of the claw member 16, and the tip portion of the claw material 16 has a wedge-shaped shape. The reinforcing portion 16a protrudes in a triangular shape from the rear slightly from the tip of the claw material 16, and is continuously formed in a mountain shape to the rear as it is.
[0023]
Here, FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a unit frame and a side block plate used in the transplanting operation of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 8, this unit frame 30 is provided in the bucket 15 of the tree transplanter 10. The plant group to be transplanted is integrated with the soil and dug, and is used when planting in the planned transplant site. The plate members 30a, 30b and the reinforcing material 32 are combined, along the inner surface of the bucket 15. It is formed in a U shape so that it can be arranged. In addition, a side closing plate 31 for detachably closing the open side portion of the unit frame 30 is prepared. The side closing plate 31 is attached / detached by removing the latch 31a from the hook 30c of the unit frame 30. When using the unit frame 30, as shown in FIG. 8, it arrange | positions in the bucket 15 with the open side part facing forward.
[0024]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8, the pallet 35 is formed in the shape of a saddle child plate by combining the plate material 36 and the reinforcing material 37, and is substantially the same shape as the outer shape of the unit frame 30 so that the unit frame 30 can be placed thereon. And it is formed in the same dimension. As shown in FIG. 9 to be described later, the unit frame 30 integrated with the soil of the plant group 50 to be transplanted is placed on the pallet 35, and the open side surface portion of the unit frame 30 is closed with the side closing plate 31. If it does so, since the circumference | surroundings, such as a root and soil, will be in the state packed, the collapse of the soil part at the time of carrying over a long distance and moving can be prevented.
[0025]
Next, a plant group transplanting operation using the tree transplanter 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3, 4 and 9 to 11. 3 is a side view showing a state before digging up a plant group, FIG. 4 is a side view showing a state of starting digging, FIG. 9 is a side view showing a packing state of plant group trees, and FIG. 10 is planting of the plant group. The side view which shows a state, FIG. 11 is a top view which shows the state which plants a plant group to a transplant planned site.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 3, before starting the digging operation, the front surface of the plant group 50 is dug down 30 to 40 cm to form a stepped portion 51. The tree transplanter 10 is mounted on the heavy machine H in advance, and as shown in FIG. 8 described above, the fork 17 is slid forward and positioned on the bottom surface portion 14 of the bucket 15, and the unit frame 30 is placed in the bucket 15 in advance. Wear it.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 3, at the start of digging, the tree transplanter 10 is inserted into the soil of the basic unit region 2 from the stepped portion 51 in front of the plant group 50 by the pressing force of the work arm A of the heavy machine H. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the work arm A is operated, the tree transplanter 10 is lifted together with the target tree 50, and is excavated separately from the surrounding soil. At this time, the root and the soil of the plant group 50 are integrated with the unit frame 30 to prevent the collapse, and the trees 50a included in the plant group 50 are prevented from collapsing by the fallen tree preventing members 27 and 29. In addition, when digging up the plant group in the fractional unit region 3, a partition material having a size corresponding to the area of the plant group can be disposed inside the unit frame 30, and the operation can be performed in the same procedure as described above.
[0028]
As shown in FIG. 9, the plant group 50 with soil excavated in this manner is packed by closing the open side surface portion of the unit frame 30 with the side surface closing plate 31 after being placed on the pallet 35. Set it in a state, load it on a transportation vehicle, and transport it to the planned transplantation site.
[0029]
When the plant group 50 with soil excavating the basic unit area 2 and the fractional unit area 3 as one unit arrives at the planned transplantation site 5, the fork 38 of the forklift F is placed on the lower surface of the pallet 35 as shown in FIG. The plant group 50 is lifted with a fork 38 by being inserted into and raised, and as shown in FIG. 11, it is carried to a predetermined planting place according to the area layout created before digging. Then, after the fork 38 is lowered and the plant group 50 is placed on the planned transplantation site 5, the forklift F is moved backward to detach the fork 38 from the plant group 50, the unit frame 30 and the pallet 35.
[0030]
Then, if the unit frame 30 is removed from the plant group 50 and the root portion is embedded with earth or sand, planting is completed. In addition, if the unit frame 30 is formed of a material that can be decomposed in soil such as wood, the unit frame 30 can be planted without being removed.
[0031]
As described above, in this embodiment, the plant group 50 growing in the transplant target site 1 maintains the natural state together with the soil, with the divided basic unit region 2 and fractional unit region 3 as one unit. Since it is dug out and planted in the planned transplantation site 5 in the original arrangement, there is very little damage to the trees 50a and flowers included in the plant group 50, and mosses and ferns that grow near the soil surface Since living organisms living in the soil and the like are transplanted as they are, the balance of the ecosystem is maintained, so that the trees 50a and the like after transplanting are also well established.
[0032]
In addition, each operation such as digging, transferring, and planting does not involve performing the tree 50a one by one, but the basic unit area 2 having a size of 1.5 m × 1.5 m or the fractional unit area 3 narrower than this. Since each is performed as one unit, the transplanting work is efficient, and is arranged and planted in the planned transplantation site 5 based on serial numbers (1), (2), (3). So construction is easy.
[0033]
Since the basic unit region 2 and the fractional unit region 3 have a quadrilateral planar shape, the plurality of thin strings 4 are stretched in a straight line vertically and horizontally so that the plant group 50 is divided into the plurality of basic unit regions 2 and the fractional unit. It can be partitioned into regions 3, partitioning work is efficient, and workability such as digging and transporting each region is also good. In addition, when planting the excavated plant group 50 on the planned transplantation site 5, the adjacent basic unit area 2 and fractional unit area 3 are in close contact with each other without any gaps, so that it is not necessary to fill the gaps with earth and sand. The work is simplified and the planting after planting is good.
[0034]
In addition, by providing the basic unit region 2 having a constant area and the fractional unit region 3 having a smaller area, a portion that can be easily divided according to the distribution state of the trees 50a in the plant group 50, the structure of the ground, etc. Since each region can be set by stretching the thin string 4 indicating the boundary in a portion that is easy to dig, it is possible to efficiently carry out the following work as well as the digging work.
[0035]
Furthermore, since the planar shape of the basic unit region 2 is a square with a side length of 1.5 m, excavation work using the tree transplanter 10, transportation of the excavated plant group 50 with soil, fixed planting, etc. The workability is excellent, and the work period can be shortened.
[0036]
On the other hand, in the process of digging up the plant group 50 together with the soil, by using the tree transplanter 10 having the bucket 15 that can accommodate the plant group 50 in the basic unit region 2 together with the soil in a growing state, the basic unit region 2 and the fractions are used. Since the digging work for each unit area 3 can be performed collectively, the work efficiency is high, and the damage to the plant group 50 in each area accompanying the digging work is extremely small.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention has the following effects.
[0038]
(1) The land where the plant group grows is divided into a plurality of regions, identification means for recognizing the positional relationship is attached to each region, the plant group is dug together with the soil for each region, and the plant group with soil is added. By transferring to the planned transplant site, placing it in the planned transplant site based on the identification means, and planting it, the plant group can be transplanted easily and efficiently. Very little, and the survival of trees after transplanting is good.
[0039]
(2) By making the planar shape of the region a quadrilateral, it becomes possible to partition the plant group into a plurality of regions by arranging a plurality of straight lines vertically and horizontally, so that the partitioning work can be made more efficient, Workability such as excavating and transporting the area is also improved. In addition, when planting a plant group that has been dug, the adjacent regions are in close contact with each other without a gap, so that it is not necessary to fill the gap with earth and sand, the planting operation is simplified, and the survival after the planting is improved.
[0040]
(3) By providing a basic unit region having a constant area and a fractional unit region having a smaller area than the basic unit region as the region, a portion that is easy to partition according to the distribution state of the tree or the ground structure, Since each region can be set by providing a boundary in a portion that is easy to dig, the digging work and subsequent work can be made more efficient.
[0041]
(4) By making the planar shape of the basic unit area into a square with a side length of 1 to 1.5 m, digging work using a tree transplanter, transporting digged soiled trees, planting Since the size is suitable for work, workability is improved and the work period can be shortened.
[0042]
(5) By using a tree transplanter having a bucket that can accommodate plant groups in the basic unit area together with the soil in a growing state, it is possible to dig up the basic unit area and the fractional unit area in a batch. Therefore, the work efficiency is increased, and damage to the plant group in each region due to digging work or the like can be prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a state where a plant group habitat to be transplanted is divided into a plurality of regions.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a digging operation on the plant group fabric of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a side view showing a digging operation in the plant group fabric of FIG. 1;
4 is a side view showing a digging operation in the plant group fabric of FIG. 1. FIG.
5A is a plan view of a state in which the fork of the tree transplanter shown in FIG. 3 is slid forward, and FIG. 5B is a left side view of the tree transplanter.
6A is a plan view showing a state in which a fork of the tree transplanter shown in FIG. 3 is slid rearward, and FIG. 6B is a left side view of the tree transplanter.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a unit frame and a side closing plate.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a state in which a unit frame is mounted in a bucket of a tree transplanter.
FIG. 9 is a side view showing a packing state of the dug up plant group.
FIG. 10 is a side view showing fixed planting work at a planned transplant site.
FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a state in which a plant group is planted in a planned transplantation site.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Transplantation target area 2 Basic unit area 3 Fractal unit area 4 Thin string 5 Planned transplant area 10 Tree transplanter 11 Left side plate 12 Right side plate 13 Back plate 14 Bottom portion 15 Bucket 16, 26 Claw material 16a Reinforcement portion 17, 38 Fork 18 Hydraulic cylinder 19 Pin 20 Connecting plate 21 Side reinforcing plate 22 Back reinforcing plate 24 Pin hole 25 Column 27, 29 Falling tree prevention member 30 Unit frame 30a, 30b Plate material 31 Side block plate 31a Latch 32 Reinforcement material 30c Hook 35 Pallet 36 Plate material 37 Reinforcement Material 50 plant group 50a tree H heavy machinery A arm F forklift

Claims (3)

A thin string is stretched in a straight line vertically and horizontally on the ground surface of a transplant target site where plants such as trees and flowers grow , and the plane shape is divided into a plurality of quadrilateral areas to recognize the positional relationship of the areas. A step of attaching an identification means for each region, forming a groove along the narrow string located on the left and right of each region, and inserting a root cutting chainsaw along the narrow string located before and after each region A step of cutting the ground, a step of digging the plant group together with the soil for each region using a tree transplanter having a bucket capable of accommodating the plant group with the soil in a growing state, and digging for each region And a step of transferring the plant group with soil to a planned transplantation site, and a step of arranging and planting the plant group with soil in the planned transplantation site based on the identification means. Group transplantation method. The plant group transplantation method according to claim 1 , wherein a basic unit region having a constant area and a fractional unit region having a smaller area than the basic unit region are provided as the region . The plant group transplantation method according to claim 2, wherein the basic unit region has a planar shape of a square having a side length of 1 to 1.5 m .

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