JP3595627B2

JP3595627B2 - Multi-function compound power unit

Info

Publication number: JP3595627B2
Application number: JP13151496A
Authority: JP
Inventors: ハーヤンタイ−
Original assignee: タイ−ハーヤン
Priority date: 1996-05-27
Filing date: 1996-05-27
Publication date: 2004-12-02
Anticipated expiration: 2016-05-27
Also published as: JPH09322306A

Description

【０００１】
本発明は多機能複合動力装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
近年来、エネルギーと騒音公害問題が重大になってきた。その良策は電動駆動車輌の使用であるが、その発展はバッテリー容量の制限を受け、大きな行動範囲が達成できなかった。単にバッテリー容積と容量を増加することは車自体の重量を増やし、より多くの電気を消費して経済性の要求に一致しない。このバッテリー技術問題を解決するため、より実用的な駆動方法は複合駆動構造の構成にある。この複合駆動構造の構成は次の事項を含む。
【０００３】
（Ａ）系列複合動力構成：この構成は最も典型的な電気駆動車の構造である。発電機はエンジンに駆動されて発電し、バッテリーを充電し、充電されたバッテリーでモータを駆動して車を駆動する。エネルギーが何度か変換されるため、この構成の全体的効率は低い。ゼネラルモーターズのＧＭＨＸ３車がこの構成の例である。
【０００４】
（Ｂ）共通軸の同期動力構成：この構成はエンジン出力軸とモータ回転軸とを直列に結合し、駆動と速度制御機能を有する。西ドイツのボルクスワーゲンＣＨＩＣＯセダンがこの構成の例である。
【０００５】
（Ｂ）項に述べた従来のエンジンとモータの場合、一つのエンジンとモータのみが出力伝導に選ばれ、その複合出力は不可能である。
【０００６】
本発明は多機能複合動力装置で、車輌、船舶、飛行機又はその他の動力機械又はその他工業製造機械等の回転駆動に使用され、そしてエンジンの回転軸は電気機械とエンジンとの出力軸間に取付けられた伝導歯車やベルト又はチェーン等の特定の伝動装置を通して電気機械に連結されている。
【０００７】
電気機械は直列励磁又は補助複合励磁の電気機械であり、該電気機械はその回転速度が負荷減少によって増加する電気特性を有するか、又は交流或いは直流ブラシ付き又はブラシレスの機構で、電流制御を行うことができ、負荷に従う付加価値トルク機能（Ｖａｌｕｅａｄｄｅｄｔｏｒｑｕｅｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ）を備えるため一定の電流制御を含み、そして電気機械の駆動方向に従う２つのシステムモードで運転する特定の伝動装置を通してエンジンの出力軸に連結されている。電気機械の回転方向の制御を行う一方向クラッチと遠心クラッチとにより、以下の運転を行う。（１）電気機械でエンジンを起動する。（２）エンジンの運転中に電気機械は発電機として使用される。（３）エンジンの運転中に電気機械とエンジンは同時に負荷を駆動する。（４）電気機械が負荷を駆動する。（５）負荷の静止時にエンジンは発電モードで電気機械を駆動してバッテリーを充電するか又は他の電気機械の負荷を駆動する。
【０００８】
次に本発明を添付図面に示した実施例について詳細に説明する。
【０００９】
本発明の実施例の各々は以下の構造を備えている。
【００１０】
エンジン１Ｃ１０１：該エンジンはガソリン、ジーゼル精製油、ガス又はその他の燃油を燃料とし、負荷又は電気機械を発電機機能として駆動する。
【００１１】
電気機械Ｅ１０１：該電気機械は直列励磁又は補助複合励磁電気機械で、回転速度が負荷減によって増加する電気特性を有するか、又は交流或いは直流、ブラシ付き又はブラシレスの電気機械で定電流を含む電流制御が可能で、手動制御インターフェイスを通じてモータ又は発電機として運転できる。
【００１２】
一方向伝動クラッチＳＷＣ１０１，ＳＷＣ１０２：該クラッチは一方向伝動機能又はラチェットホイール機構を備える装置を構成し、電気機械の回転軸と連結して、本装置の動力構成部材間の正・逆回転の方向変換を行う。
【００１３】
遠心クラッチＦＣ１０１，ＦＣ１０２：該遠心クラッチは回転軸の軸端から動力を伝達するためのもので、定格回転速度を超えた場合に接合して伝達を行い、定格回転速度以下の時に離間して伝達を切り離す。
【００１４】
手動制御インターフェイスＭ１０１：該手動制御インターフェイスはソリッドステート又は電気機械部材によって構成され、中央制御装置に対して、車輌運転に関する指令を手動入力する。
【００１５】
中央制御装置ＣＣＵ１０１：該中央制御装置はマイクロコンピュータ又はソリッドステート部材又は電気機械部材を含み、手動制御インターフェイス信号又はフィードバック信号によりデジタル計算を行い、駆動制御装置に対して制御指令を送る。
【００１６】
駆動制御装置Ｄ１０１：該駆動制御装置はソリッドステート又は電気機械部材によって構成され、中央制御装置からの指令を受けて電気機械を発電機として運転し、その動力発生を制御するか、又は電気機械をモータとして運転し、その回転方向と回転速度を制御する。
【００１７】
上記の構成部材を介して多機能複合動力装置は、以下の共通特性を備えている。
【００１８】
（１）電気機械は駆動制御装置Ｄ１０１によって正回転又は逆回転のモータ機能として運転されるか又はバッテリーを充電するか又はその他の負荷の動力供給用の発電機の機能として運転される。
【００１９】
（２）電気機械は正回転又は逆回転で次のシステム運転を行うモータが正回転してエンジンＩＣ１０１を起動し、電気機械が待機状態にある間、負荷を駆動する。
【００２０】
（３）エンジンが負荷を駆動している時、電気機械は手動制御インターフェイスＭ１０１、中央制御装置ＣＣＵ１０１及び駆動制御装置Ｄ１０１を通じて発電機として運転し、エンジンは負荷と発電機を同時に駆動し、バッテリーを充電又はその他負荷に動力を供給する。
【００２１】
（４）エンジンが負荷を駆動している時、電気機械がモータとして運転していれば、モータはバッテリーから電力を供給され、エンジンと一緒に負荷を駆動する。
【００２２】
（５）若し電気機械がモータとして逆回転方向で運転されている場合、伝動構造は負荷がエンジンに駆動されている時と同じ回転方向に位置して、エンジンが静止状態にある時、負荷は単にモータとして運転している電気機械に駆動される。
【００２３】
（６）負荷がエンジンで駆動されている時、電気機械を発電機として運転し、バッテリーを充電又はその他負荷に動力を供給するか、又は摩擦減衰によってエンジン自体の制動機能に用いてエネルギーを回収する。
【００２４】
（７）電気機械がモータとして運転して負荷を駆動している時、電気機械を発電機としてバッテリーを充電又はその他負荷に動力を供給することによってエネルギーを供給する。
【００２５】
（８）負荷駆動を停止させ、エンジンを電気機械が交流発電機として駆動させてバッテリーを充電又はその他負荷に動力を供給させる為、電気機械Ｅ１０１は永久磁石又は磁場巻線励磁、可変周波数磁場型電気装置、又はブラシ付交流電気装置でそのアマチュア巻線が導電リングと一緒に交流出力用に設置され、直流入／出力用にはコミュニケータと一緒に設置されている。交流出力はエンジン定速制御により、可変周波数又は低周波数出力が可能である。
【００２６】
本発明の各種の実施例をそれぞれ以下に説明する。
【００２７】
図１は本発明の第１実施例を示し、以下を含有している。
【００２８】
上述したエンジンＩＣ１０１：
上述した電気機械Ｅ１０１：該電気機械はその回転軸Ｓ１０１の両端にそれぞれ反対方向の一方向伝動クラッチＳＷＣ１０１とＳＷＣ１０２を取付けてあり、更に歯車Ｇ１０１とＧ１０３を結合させ、歯車Ｇ１０１はエンジンＩＣ１０１の伝動軸Ｓ１０２に結合されている歯車Ｇ１０２と噛合っている。
【００２９】
遠心クラッチＦＣ１０１：該遠心クラッチは歯車Ｇ１０１と回転軸Ｓ１０１との間に取付けられ、該クラッチＦＣ１０１は回転速度に応答して摩擦円盤の駆動側を歯車Ｇ１０１と結合させると共に被駆動側を電気機械Ｅ１０１の回転軸Ｓ１０１に結合させてある。
【００３０】
遠心クラッチＦＣ１０２：該遠心クラッチはエンジン伝動軸Ｓ１０２と出力動軸Ｓ１０３とにそれぞれ結合され、遠心クラッチＦＣ１０２は回転速度に応答して摩擦円盤の駆動側をエンジン伝動軸Ｓ１０２に結合させると共に被駆動側を出力伝動軸Ｓ１０３に結合させてある。
【００３１】
伝動軸Ｓ１０１とＳ１０３：該伝動軸は伝動軸Ｓ１０１の歯車Ｇ１０３と伝動軸Ｓ１０３の内接歯車Ｇ１０４とが噛み合って同一方向に駆動される。伝動軸Ｓ１０１とＳ１０３の伝動は外側歯車に中間歯車を噛み合わせるか、又は同一回転方向のチェーンホイール或いはベルトホイールに取り代えて駆動し得る。
【００３２】
上述した手動制御インターフェイスＭ１０１：
上述した中央制御装置ＣＣＵ１０１：
上述した駆動制御装置Ｄ１０１：該駆動制御装置は中央制御装置ＣＣＵ１０１の指令を受けて電気機械Ｅ１０１を発電機として運転させ、発電量を制御してバッテリーＢＡＴ１０１を充電するか、又は他の負荷に電力を供給するか或いはモータとして運転させ、その回転方向と回転速度を制御する。
【００３３】
この第１実施例の機能を表１に示し、その中で“ＣＷ”は時計廻り回転方向を示し、“ＣＣＷ”は反時計廻り回転方向を示す。
【００３４】
【表１】

【００３５】
図２は本発明の多機能結合伝動装置の第２実施例を示し、以下を含む。
【００３６】
エンジンＩＣ１０１は上述の通りのものである。
【００３７】
電気機械Ｅ１０１は図１の実施例に関して上述の通りのものであるが、遠心クラッチＦＣ１０１を備えていない。
【００３８】
遠心クラッチＦＣ１０２は図１の実施例に関して上述の通りのものである。
【００３９】
伝動軸Ｓ１０１とＳ１０３は図１の実施例に記載した通り内接歯車Ｇ１０４と噛み合う歯車Ｇ１０３を介して、又は上述した中間歯車、ベルト又はチェーンによって同一方向に駆動される。
【００４０】
手動制御インターフェイスＭ１０１は上記の通りものである。
【００４１】
中央制御装置ＣＣＵ１０１は上記の通りのものであり、マイクロプロセッサ又はソリッドステート部材又は電気機械部材で構成された中央プロセッサであって、手動制御インターフェイス信号又はフィードバック信号の数値計算を行い、駆動制御装置に指令を送る。
【００４２】
駆動制御装置Ｄ１０１は上述したように構成され、中央制御装置の指令を受けて、電気機械をモータとして運転させ、その回転方向と回転速度を制御する。
【００４３】
この第２実施例の機能は表２に示されている。
【００４４】
【表２】

【００４５】
図３は本発明の多機能複合動力装置の第３実施例を示し、以下の構成部材を含有している。
【００４６】
エンジンＩＣ１０１は上記の通りのものである。
【００４７】
電気機械Ｅ１０１は上記の通りのもので該電気機械の出力軸の両端にはそれぞれ作動方向の異なる一方向伝動クラッチＳＷＣ１０１およびＳＷＣ１０２を取付けてあり、回転軸Ｓ１０１は一方向伝動クラッチＳＷＣ１０２を介して歯車Ｇ１１１を駆動し、該歯車Ｇ１１１は出力伝動軸Ｓ１０３の歯車Ｇ１２２と噛み合い、出力軸Ｓ１０３を駆動する。一方向伝動クラッチＳＷＣ１０１はチェーンホイールＧ１２１とモータ回転軸Ｓ１０１との間に連結されている。この実施例においては、チェーンホイールＧ１２１とモータ回転軸Ｓ１０１との間に遠心クラッチＦＣ１２１が取付けられ、該遠心クラッチＦＣ１２１は回転速度に応答して摩擦円盤の駆動側をチェーンホイールＧ１２１に結合させると共に被駆動側を電気機械の回転軸Ｓ１０１に結合させる。別のチェーンホイールＧ１２２がエンジン伝動軸Ｓ１０２に結合され、該チェーンホイールＧ１２２はチェーンＣ１１１を介してチェーンホイールＧ１２１と共に互いに駆動される。更に、遠心クラッチＦＣ１０２がエンジン伝動軸Ｓ１０２と出力伝動軸Ｓ１０３との間に取付けられ、該遠心クラッチＦＣ１０２は回転速度に応答して摩擦円盤の駆動側をエンジン伝動軸Ｓ１０２に結合させると共に被駆動側を出力軸Ｓ１０３に結合させる。
【００４８】
手動制御インターフェイスＭ１０１は上記の通りである。
【００４９】
中央制御装置ＣＣＵ１０１は上述した通りである。
【００５０】
駆動制御装置Ｄ１０１は図１の実施例に関して上述した通りである。
【００５１】
この第３実施例の機能は表３に示されている。
【００５２】
【表３】

【００５３】
図４は本発明の多機能複合動力装置の第４実施例を示し、以下の構成部材を含む。
【００５４】
エンジンＩＣ１０１は上記の通りである。
【００５５】
電気機械Ｅ１０１は上述した通りであり、電気機械Ｅ１０１の回転軸Ｓ１０１は一方向伝動クラッチＳＷＣ１０１を介して歯車Ｇ１１１の回転方向と異なる回転方向に駆動し、そして回転軸Ｓ１０１は遠心クラッチの被駆動側が電気機械の回転軸Ｓ１０１と結合した時にエンジンの駆動軸Ｓ１１１と結合するように遠心クラッチＦＣ１０１の駆動側と結合する。エンジンの駆動軸Ｓ１１１上の遠心クラッチＦＣ１０１の摩擦円盤は予め定めた回転速度を超えた時に電気機械の回転軸Ｓ１０１と結合するように配設されている。チェーンホイールＧ１２１は補助軸Ｓ１０２に取付けられているチェーンホイールＧ１２２と噛み合うようにエンジンの回転軸Ｓ１１１に取付けられている。第２遠心クラッチＦＣ１０２は補助軸Ｓ１０２と出力軸Ｓ１０３との間に設けられ、該遠心クラッチＦＣ１０２は回転速度に応答して摩擦円盤の駆動側を補助軸Ｓ１０２に結合させると共に被駆動側を出力軸Ｓ１０３に結合させてある。更に歯車Ｇ１１２は歯車Ｇ１１１と噛合うように出力軸Ｓ１０３に取付けられ、一方向伝動クラッチＳＷＣ１０２は歯車Ｇ１１１と電気機械の伝動軸との間に設けられ、一方向伝動クラッチＳＷＣ１０２の回転方向は一方向伝動クラッチＳＷＣ１０１のものと異なる方向にしてある。
【００５６】
手動制御インターフェイスＭ１０１は上記の通りのものである。
【００５７】
中央制御装置ＣＣＵ１０１は上記の通りのものである。
【００５８】
駆動制御装置Ｄ１０１は上述した通りのものである。
【００５９】
この第４実施例の機能は表４に示されている。
【００６０】
【表４】

【００６１】
図５は本発明の多機能複合動力装置の第５実施例を示し、以下の構成部材を含有している。
【００６２】
エンジンＩＣ１０１は上述した通りのものである。
【００６３】
電気機械Ｅ１０１は上記の通りのもので、電気機械Ｅ１０１の回転軸Ｓ１００は中空状で、エンジンの回転軸Ｓ１０１と結合している一方向伝動クラッチＳＷＣ１０２を包囲している。中空回転軸Ｓ１００は伝動歯車Ｇ１０１と結合している別の一方向伝動クラッチＳＷＣ１０１に嵌合されており、歯車Ｇ１０１は歯車Ｇ１０２と噛み合っている。２つの一方向伝動クラッチＳＷＣ１０１，ＳＷＣ１０２は異なる回転方向を有し、エンジンの回転軸Ｓ１０１は遠心クラッチＦＣ２０１が回転速度に応じてその摩擦円盤の駆動側をエンジンの回転軸Ｓ１０１に結合させると共にその被駆動側をチェーンホイールＧ２０１に結合させた時に、遠心クラッチＦＣ２０１を介してチェーンホイールＧ２０１と連結する。出力軸Ｓ２０１にはチェーンホイールＧ２０２が取付けられ、チェーンホイールＧ２０２はチェーンＣ２１１を通してチェーンホイールＧ２０１と噛み合い、動力伝達を行う。更に出力軸Ｓ２０１には歯車Ｇ１０２が取付けられ、該歯車Ｇ１０２は歯車Ｇ１０１と噛み合っている。
【００６４】
手動制御インターフェイスＭ１０１は上記のものである。
【００６５】
中央制御装置ＣＣＵ１０１は上記の通りのものである。
【００６６】
駆動制御装置Ｄ１０１は上記の通りのものである。
【００６７】
この第５実施例の機能を表５に示してある。
【００６８】
【表５】

【００６９】
図６は本発明の多機能複合動力装置の第６実施例を示し、以下の構成部材を含む。
【００７０】
エンジンＩＣ１０１は上記の通りのものである。
【００７１】
電気機械Ｅ１０１は上記の通りで、電気機械Ｅ１０１の出力軸Ｓ２００は一方向伝動クラッチＳＷＣ３０２を通してチェーンホイールＧ２０１と結合し、そして歯車Ｇ２１１を一方向に駆動するため一方向伝動クラッチＳＷＣ３０１に挿入されている。遠心クラッチＦＣ３０１は電気機械の出力軸Ｓ２００と歯車Ｇ２１１との間に設置され、遠心クラッチＦＣ３０１は回転速度に応じて摩擦円盤の駆動側を歯車Ｇ２１１に結合させ、被駆動側を電気機械の回転軸Ｓ２００に結合させてある。エンジンＩＣ１０１の回転軸Ｓ１０１には歯車Ｇ２１１と噛み合う歯車Ｇ１０１が取付けられ、出力軸Ｓ２０１には歯車Ｇ２１１と噛み合う歯車Ｇ２１２が取付けられていると共に動力を伝達するためチェーンＧ２１１を介してチェーンホイールＧ２０１と連結しているチェーンホイールＧ２０２を取付けてある。
【００７２】
手動制御インターフェイスＭ１０１は上記の通りである。
【００７３】
中央制御装置ＣＣＵ１０１は上記の通りである。
【００７４】
駆動制御装置Ｄ１０１は上記の通りである。
【００７５】
この第６実施例の機能を表６に示してある。
【００７６】
【表６】

【００９３】
上記の実施例に示した異なる軸における同一回転方向の伝動方法及びエンジン、電気機械、一方向伝動クラッチの組合せ位置は本発明の原理から逸脱することなしに以下のように柔軟に適用することができる。
【００９４】
（１）上記の実施例に記載した場合以外に、本発明の一方向伝動機構はその伝動方向関係によって一定の関係作動を備えるためどの軸にも取付けることができる。
【００９５】
（２）エンジン駆動インターフェイスはエンジン回転軸に連結された伝動構造において一定の関連作動を有する軸に取付けることができる。
【００９６】
（３）電気機械駆動インターフェイスは、電気機械回転軸に連結された伝動構造において一定の関連作動を有する軸に取付けることができるが、その外部出力／入力はそれぞれその一端又は両端に備えることができる。
【００９７】
（４）出力用の遠心クラッチＦＣ１０２は異なる回転速度関係において結合させることができ、例えば、エンジンと電気機械との間に設置させた遠心クラッチＦＣ１０１よりも高い回転速度での開閉を選択できるので、バッテリーが停止状態で充電されている時に、クラッチが開放状態を維持し、エンジンは低速で運転できる。
【００９８】
（５）エンジンを起動する遠心クラッチは、モータが独立負荷駆動機能を行ってる時に無負荷中のモータの回転速度よりも高い回転速度で接合するように選択でき、それによって負荷駆動中にモータがエンジンを駆動することを阻止することができる。
【００９９】
上述したように本発明の構成は、エンジンと電気機械とを連結する特殊な伝動構造を採用し、それにより、電気機械の正逆回転を通してエンジンを起動するか又は単独に負荷を駆動するかを選択できる。負荷が一方向駆動を要する場合、例えば自動車の場合にその構造は自動車を運転することが非常に容易であり、自動車の都市交通における苛酷な発車と停車に最も有効で実用的である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の多機能複合動力装置の第１実施例の側面図である。
【図２】本発明の多機能複合動力装置の第２実施例の側面図である。
【図３】本発明の多機能複合動力装置の第３実施例の側面図である。
【図４】本発明の多機能複合動力装置の第４実施例の側面図である。
【図５】本発明の多機能複合動力装置の第５実施例の側面図である。
【図６】本発明の多機能複合動力装置の第６実施例の側面図である。
【符号の説明】
ＩＣ１０１エンジン
Ｅ１０１電気機械
Ｄ１０１駆動制御装置
ＣＣＵ１０１中央制御装置
Ｍ１０１手動制御インターフェイス
ＢＡＴ１０１バッテリー
ＦＣ１０１，ＦＣ１０２遠心クラッチ
ＦＣ２０１，ＦＣ３０１遠心クラッチ
ＳＷＣ１０１，ＳＷＣ１０２一方向伝動クラッチ
ＳＷＣ３０１，ＳＷＣ３０２一方向伝動クラッチ
Ｓ１００，Ｓ１０１，Ｓ１０２，Ｓ１０３回転軸
Ｓ１１１回転軸
Ｓ２００，Ｓ２０１，Ｓ２０２回転軸
Ｓ４００，Ｓ４０１，Ｓ４０３回転軸
Ｇ１０１，Ｇ１０２，Ｇ１０３歯車
Ｇ１１１，Ｇ１１２歯車
Ｇ２１１，Ｇ２１２歯車
Ｇ１２１，Ｇ１２２チェーンホイール
Ｇ２０１，Ｇ２０２チェーンホイール
Ｃ１１１，Ｃ２１１チェーン[0001]
The present invention relates to a multifunction composite power plant.
[0002]
In recent years, energy and noise pollution issues have become significant. The best solution is to use electric vehicles, but its development has been limited by battery capacity and has failed to achieve a large range of action. Simply increasing the battery volume and capacity increases the weight of the car itself, consumes more electricity and does not meet economic demands. In order to solve this battery technology problem, a more practical driving method is in the configuration of a composite driving structure. The configuration of the composite drive structure includes the following items.
[0003]
(A) Series combined power configuration: This configuration is the most typical electric drive vehicle configuration. The generator is driven by the engine to generate power, charge the battery, and drive the motor with the charged battery to drive the car. The overall efficiency of this configuration is low because the energy is converted several times. A GMHX3 car from General Motors is an example of this configuration.
[0004]
(B) Synchronous power configuration of common shaft: This configuration connects the engine output shaft and the motor rotation shaft in series, and has a drive and speed control function. The Volkswagen CHICO sedan in West Germany is an example of this configuration.
[0005]
In the case of the conventional engine and motor described in (B), only one engine and motor are selected for output conduction, and a combined output is not possible.
[0006]
The present invention is a multi-function composite power unit for use in rotating drives of vehicles, ships, airplanes or other power machines or other industrial machines, and the rotating shaft of the engine is mounted between the electric machine and the output shaft of the engine. It is connected to the electric machine through a specific transmission such as a transmission gear or a belt or a chain.
[0007]
The electric machine is a series-excited or auxiliary compound-excited electric machine, the electric machine having an electric characteristic whose rotation speed increases with decreasing load, or performing an electric current control with an AC or DC brushed or brushless mechanism. And includes constant current control to provide a value added torque function according to the load, and to the output shaft of the engine through a specific transmission operating in two system modes according to the driving direction of the electric machine. Are linked. The following operation is performed by the one-way clutch and the centrifugal clutch that control the rotation direction of the electric machine. (1) Start the engine with the electric machine. (2) The electric machine is used as a generator while the engine is running. (3) During operation of the engine, the electric machine and the engine simultaneously drive the load. (4) The electric machine drives the load. (5) When the load is stopped, the engine drives the electric machine in the power generation mode to charge the battery or drive the load of another electric machine.
[0008]
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0009]
Each of the embodiments of the present invention has the following structure.
[0010]
Engine 1C101: The engine uses gasoline, diesel refined oil, gas or other fuel oil as fuel, and drives a load or an electric machine as a generator function.
[0011]
Electric machine E101: The electric machine is a series-excited or auxiliary compound-excited electric machine, which has an electric characteristic in which the rotation speed increases by reducing the load, or a current including a constant current in an AC or DC, brushed or brushless electric machine. It can be controlled and can operate as a motor or generator through a manual control interface.
[0012]
One-way transmission clutches SWC101, SWC102: These clutches constitute a device provided with a one-way transmission function or a ratchet wheel mechanism, and are connected to the rotating shaft of the electric machine to rotate in the forward and reverse directions between the power components of the device. Perform the conversion.
[0013]
Centrifugal clutches FC101, FC102: These centrifugal clutches are for transmitting power from the shaft end of the rotating shaft, and when they exceed the rated rotational speed, they engage and transmit. Disconnect.
[0014]
Manual control interface M101: The manual control interface is constituted by a solid state or an electromechanical member, and manually inputs a command relating to vehicle operation to a central control device.
[0015]
Central control unit CCU101: The central control unit includes a microcomputer or a solid-state member or an electromechanical member, performs digital calculations by manual control interface signals or feedback signals, and sends control commands to the drive control unit.
[0016]
Drive control device D101: The drive control device is constituted by a solid state or an electric machine member, receives an instruction from the central control device, operates the electric machine as a generator, controls the power generation, or controls the electric machine. It operates as a motor and controls its rotation direction and rotation speed.
[0017]
The multifunction combined power unit has the following common characteristics via the above-mentioned constituent members.
[0018]
(1) The electric machine is operated by the drive control device D101 as a forward or reverse rotation motor function, or is operated as a generator for charging a battery or supplying power to another load.
[0019]
(2) In the electric machine, the motor that performs the next system operation is rotated forward or backward to start the engine IC 101 and drive the load while the electric machine is in a standby state.
[0020]
(3) When the engine is driving the load, the electric machine operates as a generator through the manual control interface M101, the central control unit CCU101 and the drive control unit D101, and the engine drives the load and the generator at the same time, and operates the battery. Powering charging or other loads.
[0021]
(4) When the electric machine is operating as a motor when the engine is driving the load, the motor is supplied with power from the battery and drives the load together with the engine.
[0022]
(5) If the electric machine is operated as a motor in the reverse rotation direction, the transmission structure is located in the same rotation direction as when the load is driven by the engine, and when the engine is stationary, the load is reduced. Is simply driven by an electric machine running as a motor.
[0023]
(6) When the load is driven by the engine, the electric machine is operated as a generator to charge the battery or supply power to the other load, or to recover energy by using the braking function of the engine itself by friction damping. I do.
[0024]
(7) When the electric machine is operating as a motor to drive a load, energy is supplied by using the electric machine as a generator to charge a battery or otherwise supply power to the load.
[0025]
(8) The electric machine E101 is a permanent magnet or a magnetic field winding type excitation, a variable frequency magnetic field type, in which the load driving is stopped and the electric machine drives the engine as an AC generator to charge the battery or supply power to other loads. In an electric device or a brushed AC electric device, its armature winding is installed together with a conductive ring for AC output, and for DC input / output together with a communicator. As for the AC output, variable frequency or low frequency output is possible by engine constant speed control.
[0026]
Various embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
[0027]
FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, which includes:
[0028]
Engine IC 101 described above:
The above-described electric machine E101: the electric machine has one-way transmission clutches SWC101 and SWC102 mounted in opposite directions on both ends of a rotation shaft S101, and further couples gears G101 and G103, and the gear G101 is a transmission shaft of the engine IC 101. The gear is engaged with the gear G102 connected to S102.
[0029]
Centrifugal clutch FC101: The centrifugal clutch is mounted between the gear G101 and the rotating shaft S101. The clutch FC101 connects the driving side of the friction disc with the gear G101 and responds to the rotation speed in response to the rotation speed, and connects the driven side to the electric machine E101. Is connected to the rotation axis S101.
[0030]
Centrifugal clutch FC102: The centrifugal clutch is connected to the engine transmission shaft S102 and the output drive shaft S103, respectively. The centrifugal clutch FC102 connects the drive side of the friction disk to the engine transmission shaft S102 and the driven side in response to the rotation speed. Is coupled to the output transmission shaft S103.
[0031]
Transmission shafts S101 and S103: The transmission shafts are driven in the same direction by meshing a gear G103 of the transmission shaft S101 with an internal gear G104 of the transmission shaft S103. The transmission of the transmission shafts S101 and S103 can be driven by meshing the outer gear with the intermediate gear, or replacing the chain wheel or belt wheel in the same rotation direction.
[0032]
Manual control interface M101 described above:
Central control unit CCU101 described above:
Drive control device D101 described above: The drive control device receives an instruction from the central control device CCU101, operates the electric machine E101 as a generator, controls the amount of power generation, charges the battery BAT101, or supplies power to another load. Or operate as a motor to control the rotation direction and rotation speed.
[0033]
The function of the first embodiment is shown in Table 1, wherein "CW" indicates a clockwise rotation direction and "CCW" indicates a counterclockwise rotation direction.
[0034]
[Table 1]

[0035]
FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the multi-function coupling transmission of the present invention, which includes:
[0036]
The engine IC 101 is as described above.
[0037]
The electric machine E101 is as described above with respect to the embodiment of FIG. 1, but without the centrifugal clutch FC101.
[0038]
Centrifugal clutch FC102 is as described above with respect to the embodiment of FIG.
[0039]
The transmission shafts S101 and S103 are driven in the same direction via the gear G103 meshing with the internal gear G104 as described in the embodiment of FIG. 1, or by the above-mentioned intermediate gear, belt or chain.
[0040]
The manual control interface M101 is as described above.
[0041]
The central control unit CCU101 is as described above, and is a central processor constituted by a microprocessor or a solid-state member or an electromechanical member. Send a command.
[0042]
The drive control device D101 is configured as described above, and upon receiving a command from the central control device, causes the electric machine to operate as a motor and controls its rotation direction and rotation speed.
[0043]
The function of the second embodiment is shown in Table 2.
[0044]
[Table 2]

[0045]
FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of the multifunction combined power plant according to the present invention, which includes the following components.
[0046]
The engine IC 101 is as described above.
[0047]
The electric machine E101 is as described above, and one-way transmission clutches SWC101 and SWC102 having different operating directions are attached to both ends of the output shaft of the electric machine, respectively, and the rotating shaft S101 is geared via the one-way transmission clutch SWC102. G111 is driven, and the gear G111 meshes with the gear G122 of the output transmission shaft S103 to drive the output shaft S103. One-way transmission clutch SWC101 is connected between chain wheel G121 and motor rotation shaft S101. In this embodiment, a centrifugal clutch FC121 is mounted between the chain wheel G121 and the motor rotation shaft S101. The centrifugal clutch FC121 connects the drive side of the friction disk to the chain wheel G121 and responds to the rotation speed in response to the rotation speed. The drive side is connected to the rotation axis S101 of the electric machine. Another chain wheel G122 is connected to the engine transmission shaft S102, and the chain wheel G122 is driven together with the chain wheel G121 via the chain C111. Further, a centrifugal clutch FC102 is mounted between the engine transmission shaft S102 and the output transmission shaft S103. The centrifugal clutch FC102 couples the drive side of the friction disk to the engine transmission shaft S102 and responds to the rotation speed in response to the rotation speed. To the output shaft S103.
[0048]
The manual control interface M101 is as described above.
[0049]
The central control unit CCU101 is as described above.
[0050]
The drive control device D101 is as described above with respect to the embodiment of FIG.
[0051]
The function of the third embodiment is shown in Table 3.
[0052]
[Table 3]

[0053]
FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of a multifunctional combined power unit according to the present invention, which includes the following components.
[0054]
The engine IC 101 is as described above.
[0055]
The electric machine E101 is as described above, and the rotating shaft S101 of the electric machine E101 is driven via the one-way transmission clutch SWC101 in a rotating direction different from the rotating direction of the gear G111, and the rotating shaft S101 is connected to the driven side of the centrifugal clutch. It is connected to the drive side of the centrifugal clutch FC101 so as to be connected to the drive shaft S111 of the engine when it is connected to the rotating shaft S101 of the electric machine. The friction disk of the centrifugal clutch FC101 on the drive shaft S111 of the engine is arranged to be connected to the rotation shaft S101 of the electric machine when the rotation speed exceeds a predetermined rotation speed. The chain wheel G121 is mounted on the rotation shaft S111 of the engine so as to mesh with the chain wheel G122 mounted on the auxiliary shaft S102. The second centrifugal clutch FC102 is provided between the auxiliary shaft S102 and the output shaft S103. The centrifugal clutch FC102 couples the driving side of the friction disk to the auxiliary shaft S102 and the driven side of the output shaft in response to the rotation speed. It is connected to S103. Further, the gear G112 is mounted on the output shaft S103 so as to mesh with the gear G111, the one-way transmission clutch SWC102 is provided between the gear G111 and the transmission shaft of the electric machine, and the one-way transmission clutch SWC102 rotates in one direction. The direction is different from that of the transmission clutch SWC101.
[0056]
The manual control interface M101 is as described above.
[0057]
The central control unit CCU101 is as described above.
[0058]
The drive control device D101 is as described above.
[0059]
Table 4 shows the functions of the fourth embodiment.
[0060]
[Table 4]

[0061]
FIG. 5 shows a fifth embodiment of a multifunctional combined power unit according to the present invention, which includes the following components.
[0062]
The engine IC 101 is as described above.
[0063]
The electric machine E101 is as described above, and the rotating shaft S100 of the electric machine E101 is hollow and surrounds the one-way transmission clutch SWC102 connected to the rotating shaft S101 of the engine. The hollow rotation shaft S100 is fitted to another one-way transmission clutch SWC101 that is connected to the transmission gear G101, and the gear G101 meshes with the gear G102. The two one-way transmission clutches SWC101 and SWC102 have different rotation directions, and the rotating shaft S101 of the engine is connected to the rotating shaft S101 of the engine while the centrifugal clutch FC201 couples the drive side of the friction disk to the rotating shaft S101 of the engine according to the rotating speed. When the driving side is coupled to the chain wheel G201, the driving side is connected to the chain wheel G201 via the centrifugal clutch FC201. A chain wheel G202 is attached to the output shaft S201, and the chain wheel G202 meshes with the chain wheel G201 through a chain C211 to transmit power. Further, a gear G102 is attached to the output shaft S201, and the gear G102 meshes with the gear G101.
[0064]
The manual control interface M101 is as described above.
[0065]
The central control unit CCU101 is as described above.
[0066]
The drive control device D101 is as described above.
[0067]
Table 5 shows the functions of the fifth embodiment.
[0068]
[Table 5]

[0069]
FIG. 6 shows a sixth embodiment of the multifunction combined power plant according to the present invention, which includes the following components.
[0070]
The engine IC 101 is as described above.
[0071]
The electric machine E101 is as described above, the output shaft S200 of the electric machine E101 is connected to the chain wheel G201 through the one-way transmission clutch SWC302, and is inserted in the one-way transmission clutch SWC301 to drive the gear G211 in one direction. . The centrifugal clutch FC301 is installed between the output shaft S200 of the electric machine and the gear G211. The centrifugal clutch FC301 connects the drive side of the friction disk to the gear G211 according to the rotation speed, and connects the driven side to the rotation shaft of the electric machine. It is connected to S200. A gear G101 that meshes with the gear G211 is mounted on the rotation shaft S101 of the engine IC 101, and a gear G212 that meshes with the gear G211 is mounted on the output shaft S201, and is connected to the chain wheel G201 via the chain G211 for transmitting power. The mounted chain wheel G202 is attached.
[0072]
The manual control interface M101 is as described above.
[0073]
The central control unit CCU101 is as described above.
[0074]
The drive control device D101 is as described above.
[0075]
Table 6 shows the functions of the sixth embodiment.
[0076]
[Table 6]

[0093]
The transmission method of the same rotation direction on different shafts and the combination position of the engine, the electric machine, and the one-way transmission clutch shown in the above embodiments can be flexibly applied as follows without departing from the principle of the present invention. it can.
[0094]
(1) In addition to the case described in the above examples, one-way transmission mechanism of the present invention can be attached to any shaft for having a certain relationship actuated by the transmission directional relationship.
[0095]
(2) The engine drive interface can be mounted on a shaft having a certain related operation in a transmission structure connected to the engine rotating shaft.
[0096]
(3) The electromechanical drive interface can be mounted on a shaft having a certain associated operation in a transmission structure connected to the electromechanical rotating shaft, but its external output / input can be provided at one or both ends thereof, respectively. .
[0097]
(4) The centrifugal clutch FC102 for output can be connected in different rotational speed relations. For example, opening and closing at a higher rotational speed than the centrifugal clutch FC101 installed between the engine and the electric machine can be selected. When the battery is stopped and charged, the clutch remains open and the engine can run at low speed.
[0098]
(5) The centrifugal clutch that starts the engine can be selected to engage at a higher rotational speed than the unloaded motor when the motor is performing the independent load drive function, thereby allowing the motor to operate during load operation. Driving the engine can be prevented.
[0099]
As described above, the configuration of the present invention employs a special transmission structure that connects the engine and the electric machine, and thereby determines whether to start the engine through the forward / reverse rotation of the electric machine or to independently drive the load. You can choose. If the load requires a one-way drive, for example in the case of a car, the structure is very easy to drive the car and is most effective and practical for severe starting and stopping of the car in city traffic.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a first embodiment of a multifunctional combined power unit according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of a second embodiment of the multifunction combined power plant of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a side view of a third embodiment of the multifunction combined power plant according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a side view of a fourth embodiment of the multifunction compound power plant according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side view of a fifth embodiment of the multifunctional combined drive unit of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a side view of a sixth embodiment of the multifunction compound power plant according to the present invention;
[Explanation of symbols]
IC101 Engine E101 Electric machine D101 Drive control unit CCU101 Central control unit M101 Manual control interface BAT101 Battery FC101, FC102 Centrifugal clutch FC201, FC301 Centrifugal clutch SWC101, SWC102 One-way transmission clutch SWC301, SWC302 One-way transmission clutch S100, S101, S102, S103 Rotation axis S111 Rotation axis S200, S201, S202 Rotation axis S400, S401, S403 Rotation axis G101, G102, G103 Gears G111, G112 Gears G211, G212 Gears G121, G122 Chain wheels G201, G202 Chain wheels C111, C211 Chain

Claims

Engine and
An electric machine arranged to operate as a motor and a generator via a manual operation interface;
First and second one-way transmission mechanisms coupled to the electric machine;
First and second power transmission shafts connected to an end of a transmission shaft and coupled to transmit power when the speed is equal to or higher than a rated speed, and separated to prevent power transmission when the speed is lower than the rated speed; At least one of the speed responsive clutches;
A manual operation interface for manually inputting operation commands to the central control unit,
A central control unit that performs digital calculation by a manual operation interface or a feedback signal to generate a control command;
Arranged to operate the electric machine as a generator and control its power generation efficiency, to operate the electric machine as a motor and to receive a control command from a central control unit to control its rotation direction and speed. A multi-function composite power unit configured with a drive control device,
The manual operation interface, the central control device and the drive control device are means for realizing the following functions: (1) The electric machine is operated by the drive control device so as to function as a forward or reverse rotation motor, or the battery is charged. Or to function as a generator to supply power to other loads.
(2) The electric machine is rotated in the opposite direction to the forward direction to provide the next system operation, that is, the motor is rotated in the forward direction to start the engine, and the electric machine is held in a standby state. When the engine is used to drive the load after startup.
(3) When the electric machine is operated as a generator via the manual operation interface, the central control device and the drive control device when the load is driven by the engine, the generator drives the load at the same time as the generator. Driving to charge a battery or power other loads.
(4) When the electric machine is operating as a motor while the load is being driven by the engine, the motor is powered by the battery and drives the load with the engine.
(5) When the electric machine is operated as a motor and is rotating in the opposite direction, the transmission mechanism causes the load to rotate in the same direction as the direction driven by the engine, and the engine is stationary. The load is driven by an electric machine that is simply running as a motor.
(6) Driving the electric machine as a generator to charge a battery or power other loads when the load is being driven by the engine, or friction damping of the engine itself for a braking function. To recover energy by using
(7) To recover energy by using the electric machine as a generator to charge a battery or otherwise power the load when the electric machine is operating as a motor to drive a load.
(8) The electric machine is driven by the engine as an AC generator to charge a battery or power other loads.
A multi-function composite power unit comprising:

A one-way transmission mechanism is provided at each end of the transmission shaft of the electric machine, and the one-way transmission mechanisms are arranged to operate in different rotation directions from each other,
The electric machine further includes a first gear, which meshes with a second gear connected to a transmission shaft of the engine,
A first speed responsive clutch mounted between the first gear and the transmission shaft of the electric machine, the speed responsive clutch having a drive surface disposed to engage the first gear when the rated speed is exceeded; A friction disc having a driven surface disposed to engage with a transmission shaft of the electric machine,
A second speed responsive clutch having a friction disk having a drive surface coupled to the engine transmission shaft and a driven surface coupled to the output shaft;
2. The composite power plant according to claim 1, further comprising means for driving the engine transmission shaft and the output shaft in the same rotational direction.

A one-way transmission mechanism is provided at each end of the transmission shaft of the electric machine, and the one-way transmission mechanisms are arranged to operate in different rotation directions from each other,
The electric machine further includes a first gear, which meshes with a second gear connected to a transmission shaft of the engine,
A second speed responsive clutch having a friction disk having a drive surface coupled to the engine transmission shaft and a driven surface coupled to the output shaft;
2. The composite power plant according to claim 1, further comprising means for driving the engine transmission shaft and the output shaft in the same rotational direction.

A one-way transmission mechanism is provided at each end of the transmission shaft of the electric machine, and the one-way transmission mechanisms are arranged to operate in different rotation directions from each other,
A gear is attached to the transmission shaft of the electric machine via one of the one-way transmission mechanisms, and the output shaft can be driven by meshing the gear with a gear attached to the output shaft,
The other of the one-way transmission mechanism is coupled between a chain wheel and a transmission shaft of the electric machine,
A first speed responsive clutch is mounted between the chain wheel and a transmission shaft of the electric machine, the speed responsive clutch having a driving surface coupled to the chain wheel and a driven surface coupled to the transmission shaft of the electric machine. And a friction disk having
Coupling a second chainwheel to an engine transmission shaft, enabling the second chainwheel to be mutually driven via a chain with the chainwheel provided on the transmission shaft of the electric machine;
A second speed responsive clutch is further provided between the transmission shaft and the output shaft of the engine, the speed responsive clutch having a drive surface coupled to the engine drive shaft and a driven surface coupled to the output shaft. The composite power plant according to claim 1, further comprising a disk.

A drive shaft of the electric machine can be driven in a rotation direction different from the rotation direction of the first gear provided at the other end via a first one-way transmission mechanism provided at one end thereof,
A first speed responsive clutch is provided between the transmission shaft of the electric machine and the transmission shaft of the engine, and the speed responsive clutch has a drive surface coupled to the transmission shaft of the engine and a driven member coupled to the transmission shaft of the electric machine. A friction disk having a drive surface, wherein when the drive surface of the speed responsive clutch is coupled to the transmission shaft of the electric machine, the transmission shaft of the engine and the transmission shaft of the engine can be coupled;
The chain wheel attached to the transmission shaft of the engine is engaged with the chain wheel attached to the auxiliary shaft by a chain,
A second speed responsive clutch is provided between the auxiliary shaft and the output shaft, the speed responsive clutch including a friction disk having a drive surface coupled to the auxiliary shaft and a driven surface coupled to the output shaft. ,
Attaching a second gear to the output shaft, meshing the second gear with the first gear,
The composite according to claim 1, wherein a second one-way transmission mechanism is mounted between the first gear and the transmission shaft of the electric machine, and a rotation direction is different from that of the first one-way transmission mechanism. Power plant.

The electric machine includes a hollow transmission shaft arranged to house a second one-way transmission mechanism, the second one-way transmission mechanism is coupled to a transmission shaft of an engine, and the hollow transmission shaft has a first transmission shaft. A one-way transmission mechanism is attached and coupled to the first transmission gear, and the first transmission gear is meshed with the second transmission gear;
The first one-way transmission mechanism and the second one-way transmission mechanism are disposed so as to have different rotation directions,
A transmission shaft of the engine is connected to the chain gear through a second speed response clutch, a driving surface of a friction disk provided in the second speed response clutch is engaged with the transmission shaft of the engine, and a driven surface of the friction disk is Engaged with the chain gear,
A second chain gear connected to the chain gear by a chain is attached to the output shaft,
The composite power plant according to claim 1, wherein a second transmission gear to which power is transmitted from the first transmission gear is further mounted on the output shaft.

Coupling the transmission shaft of the electric machine with the chain wheel through the second one-way transmission mechanism, inserting the first one-way transmission mechanism between the transmission shaft of the electric machine and the first gear;
A first speed responsive clutch is provided between the transmission shaft of the electric machine and the first gear, the driving surface of the friction disk provided on the speed responsive clutch is coupled to the first gear, and the driven surface of the friction disk is Coupled to the transmission shaft of the electric machine,
A second gear is mounted on the transmission shaft of the engine, the second gear is meshed with the first gear, a third gear is mounted on the output shaft, the third gear is meshed with the first gear, and The composite power plant according to claim 1, wherein a second chain wheel is mounted on the output shaft, and the chain wheel is connected to the transmission shaft of the electric machine through a chain.

A first speed responsive clutch is mounted between the electric machine and the engine, a second speed responsive clutch is provided between the engine and the load, and the rated speed of the second speed responsive clutch is set to the speed of the first speed responsive clutch. The combined power plant according to claim 1, wherein the speed is higher than the rated speed, the engine rotates at a low speed when the second speed response clutch is disengaged, and the electric machine can charge the battery.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the rated speed of the first speed response clutch is higher than the rotational speed of the electric machine in a no-load state, and the independent load driving function of the electric machine prevents the electric machine from driving the engine while driving the load. Combined power unit.

The composite power plant according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the one-way transmission mechanisms is a ratchet wheel mechanism.