JP3592761B2 - Forging machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a press machine mainly including a forming mechanism and a plurality of mechanisms.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As this type of forging machine, there is known one which forms a screw material or the like from a raw material such as a round steel material. In this apparatus, a configuration is provided with various mechanisms, such as a feed mechanism for supplying a shaped material, a cutting mechanism for cutting the shaped material supplied from the feed mechanism, and a cutting mechanism. A transfer mechanism for transferring the cast material cut by the mechanism to a position facing the fixed mold, and a molding mechanism for press-molding the cast material transferred to a position corresponding to the fixed mold by a movable mold. And a knockout mechanism for knocking out the molded material or the workpiece after the pressure molding from the fixed mold.
[0003]
The above-mentioned forming mechanism has a single motor as a driving source for pressure forming, and drives the movable mold by this motor. Then, the rotation of the motor is transmitted to each mechanism via a transmission shaft, a link mechanism, or a transmission mechanism such as a cam mechanism. Therefore, the operation of the forming mechanism and the operation of the other mechanisms are in a mechanically interlocked relationship.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described conventional configuration, since the molding mechanism and the other mechanisms are mechanically interlocked, there is no flexibility in the operation timing of each mechanism, and the products to be molded are limited. To change the operation content and operation timing of each mechanism, it is necessary to change the design of the transmission mechanism and manufacture a new transmission component, and since each mechanism always operates in conjunction with each other. For example, there is a problem that a certain mechanical unit operates even when it is desired to stop the operation.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to increase the degree of freedom of operation timing of each mechanism without requiring a large-scale mechanical design / manufacturing change. It is an object of the present invention to provide a forging machine that can be adapted to diversification of products and can be simplified in mechanical configuration.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
[0010]
A first means includes a feed mechanism for supplying a shaped material by driving the shaped material supply drive source, and supplying the shaped material by driving the supply drive source;
A cutting mechanism section having a driving source for cutting the shaped material and cutting the shaped material supplied from the feed mechanism section by driving the cutting drive source;
A transfer mechanism having a transfer drive source and transferring the shaped material cut by the cutting mechanism to a position corresponding to a fixed mold by driving the transfer drive source;
It has a motor as a drive source for press forming and has a movable mold, and the cast material or the workpiece transferred to a position opposite to the fixed die is driven by the drive source for press forming. A molding mechanism for operating the mold to perform pressure molding;
A knockout mechanism that has a knockout drive source and knocks out the workpiece after pressure molding from the fixed mold by driving the knockout drive source;
Reference pulse generating means for generating a reference pulse with the rotation of the motor of the molding mechanism,
Said supply drive source based on the reference pulse by the reference pulse generating means, the cutting drive source is configured to include a control means for operating the transfer drive source and knockout drive source (the invention of claim 1 ).
[0011]
The second means is characterized in that the reference pulse generating means is constituted by a rotary encoder (the invention of claim 2 ).
[0012]
[Action]
[0016]
In the first means, the feed mechanism, the cutting mechanism, the transfer mechanism, the forming mechanism, and the knockout mechanism each have a drive source, and operate each drive source based on the reference pulse. It is possible to independently change the drive pattern of the drive source of each mechanism by changing the frequency of the pulse or changing the pulse count timing. In addition, since the reference pulse generating means generates the reference pulse in accordance with the rotation of the motor of the forming mechanism, the reference pulse optimal for control can be easily obtained.
[0017]
In the second means, since the reference pulse generating means is constituted by a rotary encoder, when any of the mechanism parts has a rotating part, the reference pulse can be easily obtained by attaching the rotary encoder to the rotating part. Will be able to do it.
[0018]
【Example】
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
First, FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a forging machine in the case of five steps. The raw material 1 is made of, for example, a round steel material. The shaped material 1 is supplied to the cutting mechanism 3 by the feed mechanism 2 and cut by the cutting mechanism 3. The cut shaped material 1 is sent by the transfer mechanism 4 to a position of the forming mechanism 5 facing the first fixed mold 6. In this case, the molded material, ie, the workpiece, which has been in the first fixed mold 6, is located at a position corresponding to the second fixed mold 7, and is also in the second fixed mold 7. The workpiece is located at a position facing the third stationary mold 8, and the workpiece located at the third stationary mold 8 is located at a position facing the fourth stationary mold 9. Is sent to a position opposite to the fifth fixed mold 10, and the work that was located in the fifth fixed mold 10 is sent to an appropriate moving position at a predetermined timing mechanically determined.
[0019]
The workpiece 1 or the workpiece transferred to the position corresponding to each of the fixed dies 6 to 10 is subjected to pressure molding by the movable dies 11 to 15 of the molding mechanism 5. The workpiece that is pressed by the fixed dies 6 to 10 and remains there is knocked out by the knockout mechanism 16.
[0020]
Now, the feed mechanism 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. The feed mechanism unit 2 includes, for example, two pairs of upper and lower feed rollers 17a and 17b in a parallel state, and each of the feed rollers 17a and 17b is rotated via a gear mechanism 19 by, for example, a servo motor 18 as a supply drive. It is designed to be driven. When the servo motor 18 is driven, the cast material 1 is fed in the direction of arrow A and supplied to the cutting holes 20 of the cutting mechanism 3 shown in FIGS. In this case, the liquid is supplied so as to protrude from the cutting hole 20 by a predetermined length L2 (see FIG. 5). Further, the feed mechanism may be a linear feed mechanism that does not use a roller.
[0021]
Next, the cutting mechanism 3 will be described with reference to FIG. The arm 21 is movable in the direction of arrow B and in the opposite direction. The arm 21 is moved by a servo motor 22, for example, as a cutting drive source via a link mechanism 23 including a cam 23a, a lever 23b and a rod 23c. It has become. A circular cutting tooth 24 is attached to an end of the arm 21 on the arrow B direction side. The cutting teeth 24 move a distance (cutting stroke) L3 with the movement of the arm 21. The position after the movement is indicated by K3. The cut material 1 is transferred to the fixed mold 6 by the transfer mechanism 4 at the position K3.
[0022]
The transfer mechanism 4 will be described with reference to FIGS. The transfer main body 25 is provided with, for example, five sets of chucking mechanisms 26 rotatably via support mechanisms 27. Each chucking mechanism 26 is connected to a link mechanism 28a by, for example, a servomotor 28 as a transfer driving source. 7 is turned as shown by an arrow in FIG. The distance traveled by the turn is indicated by P. In this case, the arrangement interval of the five sets of chucking mechanisms 26 is also P. The chucking mechanism 26 opens and closes the chucking arm 26a at an appropriate timing according to the drive of the servomotor 28.
In the transfer mechanism section 4, the chucking mechanism 26 and the chucking arm 26a are operated by the driving of the servomotor 28, so that the cut shaped material 1 is moved from the above-described position K3 to the above-described first fixing metal. The workpieces that have been sent to the positions corresponding to the molds 6 and have been in the first to fourth fixed molds 6 to 9 are respectively positioned at positions corresponding to the next fixed molds 7 to 10. Then, the workpiece that was in the fifth stationary mold 10 is sent to an appropriate moving location.
[0023]
In the transfer mechanism section 4, the chucking mechanism 26 and the chucking arm 26a are operated by the driving of the servomotor 28, so that the cut shaped material 1 is moved from the above-described position K3 to the above-described first fixing metal. The workpieces that have been sent to the positions corresponding to the molds 6 and have been in the first to fourth fixed molds 6 to 9 are respectively positioned at positions corresponding to the next fixed molds 7 to 10. Then, the workpiece that was in the fifth stationary mold 10 is sent to an appropriate moving location.
[0024]
Next, the forming mechanism 5 will be described with reference to FIGS. The rotation of, for example, the servomotor 29 as the pressure-reducing drive is transmitted via a belt transmission mechanism 30 to a crankshaft 31 rotatably held by the frame 5a. A ram 32 is connected to the crankshaft 31 so as to be movable in the direction of arrow D and in the opposite direction. For example, the five movable dies 11 to 15 described above are attached to the ram 32 at the above-described predetermined distance P intervals. The fixed dies 6 to 10 described above are fixed to the portions facing the movable dies 11 to 15. The moving stroke of the ram 32 is L5.
[0025]
A rotary encoder 33 as a reference pulse generating means is attached to an end of the crankshaft 31 via a fixture 33a. The rotary encoder 33 generates a pulse signal according to the rotation angle of the crank shaft 31.
[0026]
Next, as shown in FIG. 10, the knockout mechanism 16 includes a knockout pin 35 that linearly moves through pin holes 34 of the fixed molds 6 to 10, a servomotor 36 as a knockout drive source, and A cam 37 and a link mechanism 38 for transmitting the rotation of the servomotor 36 to the knockout pin 35 are provided. In the knockout mechanism 16, the knockout pin 35 moves by a predetermined distance L16.
[0027]
FIG. 11 shows an electrical configuration. Although not shown, the operation unit 39 includes an operation start switch, an operation stop switch, a control pattern change switch, and the like, and also includes various displays. The control circuit 40 as a control means is configured to include a microcomputer. The microcomputer stores an operation program, receives a pulse Pr from the rotary encoder 33, and controls each servo based on the input. The motors 18, 22, 28, 29 and 36 are controlled via drive circuits 41 to 45. The motors 18, 22, 28, 29, and 36 each include a feedback control encoder in the motor itself, and are feedback-controlled.
[0028]
FIG. 12A shows the operation of each part during one rotation (360 °) of the crankshaft 31 of the forming mechanism 5, that is, one reciprocation of the ram 32. The rotary encoder 33 outputs one pulse for a predetermined rotation angle of the crankshaft 31.
[0029]
FIG. 12B shows the drive timing of the servo motor 18 corresponding to a predetermined feed amount L2 in the feed mechanism unit 2, and FIG. 4 shows the timing of the forward rotation direction energization / disconnection (stop) / reverse direction energization timing of the servo motor 22 when the servo motor 22 is moved only. FIG. 6D shows the timing of the forward rotation energization / disconnection (stop) / reverse rotation energization of the servo motor 26 when the transfer main body 25 is moved by the predetermined distance P. FIG. 7E shows the timing of the forward rotation energization / disconnection (stop) / reverse rotation energization of the servo motor 36 when the knockout pin 35 is moved by the predetermined distance L6.
[0030]
Thus, the control circuit 40 controls the servo motors 18, 22, 28, 36 at the timing shown in FIG. 12 based on the pulse Pr from the rotary encoder 33. That is, the servomotor 29 of the molding mechanism 5 is driven to rotate, and the crankshaft 31 is driven to rotate, whereby the ram 32 and thus the movable molds 11 to 15 reciprocate between the rear dead center and the front dead center. Next, the servo motor 18 of the feed mechanism 2 is driven at a predetermined speed between the timings t21 and t22, whereby the raw material 1 is supplied by the length L2. Further, the servomotor 22 of the cutting mechanism 3 is driven at a predetermined speed in the forward rotation direction between the timings t31 and t32, whereby the arm 21 is moved by the distance L3 and the shaped material 1 is cut. The motor is stopped between t32 and t33, and is driven at a predetermined speed in the reverse rotation direction between t33 and t34.
[0031]
The servo motor 28 of the transfer mechanism 4 is driven at a predetermined speed in the forward rotation direction between the timings t41 and t42, whereby the knocked-out workpiece 1 or workpiece is chucked by the chucking mechanism 26. By turning, the cast material 1 is moved by a predetermined distance P, and the cut material 1 is sent from the above-described position K3 to a position opposite to the above-described first fixed mold 6, where the first fixed mold 6 is moved. The workpieces after molding that were in the sixth to fourth stationary molds 9 are located at positions corresponding to the next stationary molds 7 to 10, respectively. It is sent to an appropriate moving point. Here, the formed material 1 or the workpiece is sequentially press-formed into a predetermined shape by driving the servo motor 29 of the above-described forming mechanism section 5.
[0032]
Further, the servo motor 36 of the knockout mechanism 16 is driven to rotate at a predetermined speed in the forward rotation direction from the timing t161 to the timing t162, and the workpiece 1 or the workpiece remaining in the fixed dies 6 to 10 is knocked out. You. The knocked-out shaped material 1 or workpiece is transferred by the transfer mechanism 4 as described above.
By performing each of the above-described operations at a predetermined timing, a forged product having a predetermined shape is formed from the cast material 1.
[0033]
In this case, for example, when a control pattern change switch is input from the operation unit 39, the control circuit 40 controls the servo motors 18, 22, 28, 29 as driving units based on the pulse Pr generated by the rotary encoder 33. And the drive timing of 36 can be changed as appropriate. For example, it is possible to change the length of the molded product, and to change the operation timing and speed / acceleration of each part. As a result, the degree of freedom in the operation timing of each mechanism can be increased without requiring a major mechanical design / manufacturing change. As a result, it becomes possible to adapt to the diversification of products to be molded, and the mechanical structure can be simplified. Each of the mechanism units 2, 3, 4, 5, and 16 has a servo motor 18, 22, 28, 29, and 36 as a drive source, and each of the servo motors 18, 22, 28, 29, and 36 is provided with a reference pulse. , The drive pattern of the drive source of each mechanism can be independently changed by dividing the reference pulse or changing the pulse count timing.
[0034]
Further, the rotary encoder 33 as the reference pulse generating means generates the reference pulse in accordance with the rotation of the servomotor 29 of the molding mechanism 5, so that the optimum reference pulse for the control can be easily obtained.
[0035]
Note that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the following modifications are possible. That is, each drive source is not limited to a servomotor, and may be a normal motor. In this case, the motor control may be a simple feedback control. Further, as the driving source, a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder may be used. Also, instead of each mechanism unit having a drive source individually, for example, one drive source may be shared by a plurality of mechanism units. Further, the reference pulse generating means is not limited to the rotary encoder, and may generate a reference pulse by dividing a pulse of an oscillation circuit or the like. Further, the operation timing of each mechanism is not limited to the above embodiment.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention, as apparent from the above description, it is possible to obtain the following effects.
[0040]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the feed mechanism, the cutting mechanism, the transfer mechanism, the molding mechanism, and the knockout mechanism each have a drive source, and operate each drive source based on the reference pulse. By changing the frequency of the reference pulse or changing the pulse count timing, the drive pattern of the drive source of each mechanism can be independently changed. In addition, since the reference pulse generating means generates the reference pulse in accordance with the rotation of the motor of the forming mechanism, the reference pulse optimal for control can be easily obtained.
[0041]
According to the invention of claim 2 , since the reference pulse generating means is constituted by a rotary encoder, when any of the mechanism parts has a rotating portion, the reference pulse can be easily attached by attaching the rotary encoder to the rotating portion. Can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic plan view showing one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view showing a feed mechanism. FIG. 3 is a front view showing the same. FIG. 4 is a front view showing a cutting mechanism. FIG. 6 is a front view showing a transfer mechanism part. FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the transfer mechanism part. FIG. 8 is a front view showing a molding mechanism part part. FIG. 9 is a side view showing the same. FIG. 11 is a block diagram of the electrical configuration. FIG. 12 is a time chart showing the operation timing of each mechanical unit.
1 is a cast material, 2 is a feed mechanism, 3 is a cutting return section, 4 is a transfer mechanism, 5 is a forming mechanism, 6 to 10 are fixed dies, 11 to 15 are movable dies, and 16 is a knockout mechanism. , 18 is a servomotor (supply driving source), 21 is an arm, 24 is a cutting tooth, 25 is a transfer body, 26 is a chucking mechanism, 28 is a servomotor (transfer driving source), 29 is a servomotor ( Reference numeral 31 denotes a crankshaft, 32 denotes a movable base, 33 denotes a rotary encoder (reference pulse generating means), 36 denotes a servomotor (knockout driving source), and 40 denotes a control circuit (control means).

Claims (2)

A feed mechanism that has a drive source for supplying the shaped material and supplies the shaped material by driving the drive source for supply;
A cutting mechanism section having a driving source for cutting the shaped material and cutting the shaped material supplied from the feed mechanism section by driving the cutting drive source;
A transfer mechanism having a transfer drive source and transferring the shaped material cut by the cutting mechanism to a position corresponding to a fixed mold by driving the transfer drive source;
It has a motor as a drive source for press forming and has a movable mold, and the cast material or the workpiece transferred to a position opposite to the fixed die is driven by the drive source for press forming. A molding mechanism for operating the mold to perform pressure molding;
A knockout mechanism that has a knockout drive source and knocks out the workpiece after pressure molding from the fixed mold by driving the knockout drive source;
Reference pulse generating means for generating a reference pulse with the rotation of the motor of the molding mechanism,
A forging machine comprising control means for operating the supply driving source, the cutting driving source, the transfer driving source, and the knockout driving source based on the reference pulse generated by the reference pulse generating means . The forging machine according to claim 1, wherein the reference pulse generating means comprises a rotary encoder .

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