JP3567165B2 - Surface treatment method and ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer molded article - Google Patents

Surface treatment method and ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer molded article Download PDF

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JP3567165B2
JP3567165B2 JP8125097A JP8125097A JP3567165B2 JP 3567165 B2 JP3567165 B2 JP 3567165B2 JP 8125097 A JP8125097 A JP 8125097A JP 8125097 A JP8125097 A JP 8125097A JP 3567165 B2 JP3567165 B2 JP 3567165B2
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gas
etfe
adhesive
ethylene
surface treatment
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JPH10273546A (en
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勝利 奥
広志 有賀
聡 沖
庸介 黒岡
英明 宮澤
幸男 実桐
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AGC Inc
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Asahi Glass Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、エチレン−テトラフルオロエチレン系共重合体の成形物の表面処理方法およびその方法によって表面処理された成形物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
エチレン−テトラフルオロエチレン系共重合体(以下ETFEと略す)は、非粘着性、耐汚染性、透明性、耐薬品性、耐候性、耐熱性に優れたフッ素樹脂である。その優れた特性を利用して、ETFEフィルムを、ポリ塩化ビニルシート、ポリエチレンシートに代表される熱可塑性プラスチックシート、または熱硬化性ポリエステルシート等に接着剤を介して積層した複合シートが、壁紙、キッチン扉の表面材として用いられている。
【0003】
また、塗装された金属板に接着剤を用いてETFEフィルムをラミネートした材料は、ガスレンジフード、キッチンの壁パネルの表面材として用いられている。また、ETFEのチューブに接着剤を介してゴム、ウレタン樹脂、ナイロン樹脂等を被覆したチューブは、ガソリンに対するバリア性および耐久性に優れた燃料チューブとして用いられている。
【0004】
非粘着性のETFE成形をプラスチックシートや金属板等に強固に接着した積層体を得るにあたり、ETFE成形物の表面処理が接着性、その耐久性に大きく影響を及ぼす。フッ素樹脂成形物の表面処理技術としては、空気中コロナ放電を用いたものが一般的である(特公昭60−16345、特開昭63−9533)。また、有機化合物の存在下でコロナ放電処理する方法も提案されている(特公昭37−17485、特開平5−92530)。さらに、有機化合物の存在下プラズマ処理する方法(特開平4−74525)も提案されている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、上記従来の表面処理方法は、ETFE成形物の表面に塗工される接着剤またはインキのETFE成形物表面との初期密着性に優れるものの、表面処理効果の耐久性について問題を含んでいる。特公昭60−16345では空気中コロナ放電処理したフッ素樹脂フィルムに、例えば、熱可塑性のポリエステル樹脂を主成分とする接着剤を用いてラミネート積層物を得ているが、その積層物の沸水試験で、ポリエステル樹脂の加水分解による接着剤の凝集力低下を原因とする密着力低下が起こる前に、フッ素樹脂フィルムの処理表面と接着剤との界面剥離を生ずる。
【0006】
また、接着剤の加水分解による凝集力低下の防止、または接着剤とETFE成形物の処理表面との界面への水の浸透を防止する目的から、耐水性に優れたエポキシ樹脂を界面のプライマー層として用いる方法(特開昭63−9533)は、初期効果はあるものの沸水試験10時間程度でETFE成形物の処理表面とプライマー層との界面剥離を生ずる。
【0007】
上記いずれの場合も、空気中のコロナ放電によりETFE成形物表面に、水酸基、カルボニル基またはカルボキシル基等の酸素含有官能基ができる。また、ETFE表面の一部の主鎖が切断して新たに生成するweak boundarylayer(以下、WBLという)を生ずる。酸素含有官能基は、WBL部にも生成することが考えられる。そのため、沸水試験の温度95〜100℃ではWBLの分子運動が盛んになり、酸素含有官能基はWBLとともにETFE表面から容易に脱離し、接着剤側に移行すると推測される。
【0008】
したがって、ETFE成形物の表面処理効果の耐久性が低下する原因として、ETFE成形表面部に生成するWBLはETFEと密着力が低く、WBL部に生成した酸素含有官能基が接着剤などに対して効果的に作用しないためであると考えられる。
【0009】
また、有機化合物存在下でコロナ放電処理する方法(特公昭37−17485)も、明細書に述べられているように表面処理の効果自体が経時的に劣化する問題がある。また、特開平5−92530では、放電処理において使用する有機化合物が有する官能基は、他の基材と積層するために使用する接着剤が有する官能基と同一、または親和性を有する必要があり、使用する接着剤に合わせて、表面処理に使用する有機化合物を変更する必要があり、処理操作が煩雑になる。
【0010】
また、アセトンを利用したプラズマ処理法(特開平4−74525)は、アセトンが常温、常圧では液体であり、混合ガスの組成が温度によって変わりやすく、連続的に処理することは困難ある。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、ETFE成形の表面処理面におけるWBLの生成を抑え、水酸基、カルボニル基またはカルボキシル基等の酸素含有官能基のみを効率的に生成させ、表面処理面の耐沸水性および耐候性が優れる他、広範な接着剤が適用できるETFE成形表面処理品が得られるという特徴をもった新規な表面処理方法およびその表面処理方法によって表面処理されたETFE成形を提供することを目的とする。
【0012】
すなわち、本発明は、ETFE成形物を、不活性ガス、重合性不飽和化合物ガスおよび炭素酸化物ガスからなる混合ガス中で放電処理することを特徴とする表面処理方法を提供する。また、上記表面処理方法によって表面処理されたETFE成形物を提供する。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に用いられるETFEは、エチレンとテトラフルオロエチレンとの共重合体であるが、他の共重合単量体を共重合させたものも含まれる。他の共重合単量体としては、他のフルオロオレフィン、他のオレフィン、ビニル系モノマーなどが挙げられる。他のフルオロオレフィンとしては、例えばクロロトリフルオロエチレン、ヘキサフルオロプロピレン、フッ化ビニリデン、フッ化ビニルなどの炭素数2〜3のフルオロオレフィンが挙げられる。また、(パーフルオロアルキル)エチレンなどのフルオロビニルモノマーが挙げられる。他のオレフィンとしては、例えばプロピレン、イソブチレンなどが例示される。また、ビニル系モノマーとしては、例えばビニルエーテル、アリルエーテル、カルボン酸ビニルエステル、カルボン酸アリルエステルなどが例示される。
【0014】
ビニルエーテルとしては、シクロヘキシルビニルエーテルなどのシクロアルキルビニルエーテル、ノニルビニルエーテル、2−エチルヘキシルビニルエーテル、ヘキシルビニルエーテル、エチルビニルエーテル、n−ブチルビニルエーテル、t−ブチルビニルエーテルなどのアルキルビニルエーテルが例示される。
【0015】
アリルエーテルとしてはエチルアリルエーテル、ヘキシルアリルエーテルなどのアルキルアリルエーテルが例示される。
【0016】
カルボン酸ビニルエステルまたはカルボン酸アリルエステルとしては酢酸、酪酸、ピバリン酸、安息香酸、プロピオン酸などのカルボン酸のビニルエステルまたはアリルエステルなどが挙げられる。また、分枝状アルキル基を有するカルボン酸のビニルエステルとして、市販されているベオバ−9、ベオバ−10(いずれもシェル化学社製、商品名)などを使用してもよい。
【0017】
上記共重合単量体は、1種単独で用いてもよく2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
ETFE中のテトラフルオロエチレンに基づく重合単位の割合は、20〜70モル%が好ましい。
【0018】
本発明は、ETFE成形を表面処理するものであるが、ETFE成形は、ETFEのみで構成されていてもよく、ETFEと他のフッ素樹脂、例えば、ヘキサフルオロプロピレン−テトラフルオロエチレン系共重合体、パーフルオロ(アルキルビニルエーテル)−テトラフルオロエチレン系共重合体、テトラフルオロエチレン−ヘキサフルオロプロピレン−フッ化ビニリデン系共重合体、クロロトリフルオロエチレン−エチレン共重合体樹脂などとの混合物、または、フッ素樹脂以外の樹脂との混合物も適用可能である。
【0019】
他のフッ素樹脂またはフッ素樹脂以外の樹脂は、1種単独で用いてもよく2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
他のフッ素樹脂またはフッ素樹脂以外の樹脂を併用する場合は、ETFEの配合割合は、通常50重量%以上が好ましい。
【0020】
また、顔料、紫外線吸収剤、カーボンブラック、カーボンファイバ、炭化ケイ素、ガラスファイバ、マイカ、または架橋剤等の添加剤および充填物のいずれか1種以上を混合したものも適用可能である。
【0021】
また、ETFE成形物の形状としては、ETFE成形物であれば特に限定されないが、例えば、フィルム状、シート状、チューブ状、パイプ状、繊維状のものが適用できる。
【0022】
本発明は不活性ガス、重合性不飽和化合物ガスおよび炭素酸化物ガスの混合ガス中で放電処理することを特徴とする。本発明における不活性ガスの役割は、放電を安定化させ、ETFE成形物のごく表面に存在するETFE劣化物を取り除き、かつポリマー主鎖の切断を抑えてETFE成形物表面を活性化させ、重合性不飽和化合物ガスおよび炭素酸化物ガスによる反応を引き起こすことにある。
【0023】
不活性ガスとしては、ヘリウムガス、アルゴンガス、ネオンガス、クリプトンガス、キセノンガス、ラドンガスなどが挙げられるが、ヘリウムガス、アルゴンガスが好ましく、特にアルゴンガスが好ましい。
【0024】
また、重合性不飽和化合物ガスとしては、例えばエチレンガス、プロピレンガスなどの二重結合を有する化合物ガスが挙げられ、エチレンガスが好ましい。また、炭素酸化物ガスとしては、表面重合物に効果的に酸素含有官能基を導入する役割であるから、炭酸ガス、一酸化炭素が挙げられ、特に炭酸ガスは、ETFEに強固に密着する表面反応物が得られるので好ましい。
【0025】
また、混合ガスの組成としては、不活性ガス100モルに対して重合性不飽和化合物ガスは1〜15モル、炭素酸化物ガスは1〜20モルが好ましく、最も好ましいのは、不活性ガス100モルに対して重合性不飽和化合物ガスは3〜10モル、炭素酸化物ガスは1〜12モルである。不活性ガスに対して重合性不飽和化合物ガスと炭素酸化物ガスの量が多くなると、初期放電電圧が高くなり、放電処理しにくくなる。また、この雰囲気下に、空気が混入した場合、放電しにくくなるため、空気の混入を避ける必要がある。
【0026】
また、放電処理の方法としては、コロナ放電(火花放電)、プラズマ放電、グロー放電などの形態が適用できる。いずれも、ガス雰囲気中に処理表面を曝し、電極間に3kHz〜40kHzの高周波電圧を印加することにより放電処理する。放電の形態は混合ガスの組成により異なり、先述したように不活性ガスに対する重合性不飽和化合物ガスと炭素酸化物ガスの量が多くなるとプラズマ放電またはグロー放電から、コロナ放電(火花放電)に変わる。
【0027】
放電処理時の圧力は、混合ガスをガス状に維持できる圧力であれば特に制限ないが、通常0.9〜1.1kg/cm の範囲であればよい。ほぼ大気圧下で行う表面処理であるため、高価な装置を必要としない点で好ましい。
放電処理時の温度は、特に制限ないが、通常10〜80℃の範囲であればよく、好ましくは25〜60℃の範囲である。
【0028】
また、放電処理の電力は、100〜1500W・min/m が好ましく、特に表面処理された成形物が他のフィルムと溶剤型接着剤によりドライラミネートされるような場合には、接着剤が表面を濡らす必要性から300W・min/m 以上の電力で放電処理を行い水接触角を90°以下、またはJIS K6768に規定するぬれ試験方法による表面張力(以下、単に表面張力という)で34dyn/cm以上に濡れ性を高めておくとよい。なお、2000W・min/m 以上の電力による放電処理では、処理層が厚くなり、ETFE成形物から脱離しやすくなり、好ましくない。
【0029】
また、本発明により表面処理されたETFE成形物に対しては、種々の接着剤およびインキを使用できる。接着剤としては、例えば、ポリエステル系接着剤、ウレタン系接着剤、エポキシ系接着剤、ナイロン系接着剤、エチレン−酢酸ビニル系接着剤、アクリル系接着剤、ゴム系接着剤等の接着剤が挙げられる。また、インキとしては、例えば、前記接着剤に含まれる樹脂からなるインキが挙げられる。ETFE成形物の表面処理面には接着剤、インクなどを強固に密着させることができ、しかもこれらの接着剤およびインキ自体の加水分解劣化、または紫外線等による光劣化に達するまで剥離を抑えうる。
【0030】
また、表面処理されたETFE成形物がシート、フィルムまたはチューブなどである場合、他のシートなどと積層物を形成できる。積層物の具体例としては、例えば、軟質塩化ビニル樹脂(以下軟質塩ビという)、ポリエチレン樹脂、ポリプロピレン樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、ナイロン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、メラミン樹脂、アクリル樹脂等の樹脂からなるシート、フィルム、またはチューブとの積層物、またはステンレス板、アルミニウム板、鉄板、ガルバニウム鋼板等の金属板に対しての積層物などが挙げられる。
【0031】
これらの積層物は、接着剤を介して積層されたものであってもよく、積層したい基材自身が接着性を有する基材(例えば、エチレン−酢酸ビニル系樹脂、ウレタン樹脂)からなる場合は、本発明による樹脂成形物と基材とを熱プレス法にて強固に接着させたものであってもよい。
【0032】
また、表面官能基の生成については、その量を水接触角により推定することができる。未処理のETFE成形物表面の水接触角は約102°程度であるが、接着剤をはじきがなく塗工でき、かつ接着剤と表面処理面との主として水素結合による密着力を確保するためには水接触角を90°以下にする必要があり、その値は低いほど好ましい。また、ホットメルト系のフィルム状接着剤を介して、フィルム状の接着剤と同種、または接着剤の有する官能基親和力の強い官能基を有する基材とを熱プレスにより密着させる場合にも、表面官能基の多いフィルムの方が、初期密着力および沸水試験後の密着力が高いため、水接触角は低い方が好ましい。
【0033】
【実施例】
次に、本発明を実施例に基づいてさらに詳細に説明する。ただし、本発明は、これらによって限定されない。なお、実施例および比較例における物性の測定方法は以下に示す方法により行った。
【0034】
(1)沸水試験
接着剤を用いて貼り合わせた複合積層体の試験片を沸水に浸漬し、100時間後の密着力変化およびその剥離形態を観察することによって確認した。表面に官能基が充分に導入されていれば沸水試験前の密着力が高く、WBLが生成されていなければ沸水試験後もその密着力を維持する。
【0035】
(2)耐候性試験
JIS B7753に準拠し、サンシャインカーボンアーク灯式耐候性試験を6000時間実施し、水および光が直接当たる条件にて促進試験を行い、試験前後の光線透過率の変化および水接触角の変化を測定した。
【0036】
[実施例1]
厚さ50μmのETFEフィルム(旭硝子製、アフレックス50N)の一方の面を、アルゴンガス:エチレンガス:炭酸ガス(モル比)=100:7:2からなる混合ガス雰囲気下、30℃、大気圧において、処理強度300W・min/m で放電処理を行い表面処理した。この表面処理フィルムの表面処理面の水接触角は85°、表面張力は42dyn/cmであった。
【0037】
続いて、この表面処理面に2液ウレタン系接着剤(東洋紡製、バイロン50ASおよびその硬化剤)を10μmの厚みに塗布し、200μmの軟質塩ビフィルムを70℃にてラミネートし、100時間の沸水試験を実施した。試験前の密着力は1.5kgf/cmに対し、試験後の密着力は1.4kgf/cmと、密着力の低下はほとんどなかった。また、このときの剥離形態は、試験前後ともに接着剤がETFEフィルム側と軟質塩ビフィルム側の双方に残る、いわゆる接着剤の凝集破壊であった。
【0038】
また、この表面処理フィルムについて、耐候性試験を6000時間実施したが、暴露前後の全光線透過率はそれぞれ、95.2%、95.0%でありほとんど低下がなく、また、暴露後の水接触角も85°、表面張力も42dyn/cmと変化が見られなかった。
【0039】
[実施例2〜6]
厚さ50μmのETFEフィルム(旭硝子製、アフレックス50N)の一方の面を、表1に示す条件で表面処理し、実施例1と同様の試験を実施した。なお、実施例3および6では、200μmのエチレン−酢酸ビニル系フィルムとのラミネート用接着剤としてエチレン−酢酸ビニル系のホットメルト型接着剤(丸伴化学工業製マルカボンドME−5)を使用し、接着剤を25μm塗布後、140℃にてラミネートした。結果を表1に示す。
【0040】
[比較例1]
厚さ50μmのETFEフィルム(旭硝子製、アフレックス50N)に放電処理をせずに、実施例1と同様の試験を実施した。しかし、水接触角は102°であり、表面張力は31dyn/cm未満であった。続いて、この表面処理面に2液ウレタン系接着剤(東洋紡製、バイロン50ASおよびその硬化剤)を10μmの厚みに塗布し、厚み200μmの軟質塩ビフィルムを70℃にてラミネートしたが、密着力は、100gf/cmとほとんど密着しなかった。また、この表面処理フィルムをJIS B7753に準拠し、耐候性試験を6000時間実施したが、暴露前後の全光線透過率はそれぞれ、95.2%、95.2%でありほとんど低下がなかった。また、暴露後の水接触角は102°であり、表面張力も31dyn/cm未満と変化が見られなかった。
【0041】
[比較例2]
厚さ50μmのETFEフィルム(旭硝子製、アフレックス50N)の一方の面を、アルゴンガス:エチレンガス(モル)=100:7からなる混合ガス雰囲気下50℃、大気圧において、処理強度300W・min/m で放電処理を行った。この表面処理フィルムの水接触角は99°であり、表面張力は31dyn/cm未満であった。
【0042】
続いて、この表面処理面に2液ウレタン系接着剤(東洋紡製、バイロン50ASおよびその硬化剤)を10μmの厚みに塗布し、厚み200μmの軟質塩ビフィルムを70℃にてラミネートし、100時間の沸水試験を実施した。試験前の密着力は0.2kgf/cmとほとんど密着しなかった。また、この表面処理フィルムについて、耐候性試験を6000時間実施したが、暴露前後の全光線透過率はそれぞれ、95.2%、95.0でありほとんど低下がなく、また暴露後の水接触角は100°であり、表面張力も31dyn/cmと変化が見られなかった。
【0043】
[比較例3〜14]
厚さ50μmのETFEフィルム(旭硝子製、アフレックス50N)の一方の面を、表2、表3に示す条件で表面処理し、実施例1と同様の試験を実施した。
【0044】
【表1】

Figure 0003567165
【0045】
【表2】
Figure 0003567165
【0046】
【表3】
Figure 0003567165
【0047】
【発明の効果】
本発明による表面処理は、ETFE成形の表面処理面におけるWBLを生成させずに、水酸基、カルボニル基またはカルボキシル基等の酸素含有官能基等のみを効率的に生成させることができる。そして、この表面処理は、表面処理面の沸水性および耐候性が優れる他、広範な接着剤が適用でき、安価にETFE積層物および印刷物を得ることができる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a surface treatment method for a molded article of an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer and a molded article surface-treated by the method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene-based copolymer (hereinafter abbreviated as ETFE) is a fluororesin excellent in non-adhesion, stain resistance, transparency, chemical resistance, weather resistance and heat resistance. Utilizing its excellent properties, a composite sheet obtained by laminating an ETFE film on a polyvinyl chloride sheet, a thermoplastic sheet represented by a polyethylene sheet, or a thermosetting polyester sheet via an adhesive is used for wallpaper, It is used as a surface material for kitchen doors.
[0003]
In addition, a material obtained by laminating an ETFE film on a painted metal plate using an adhesive is used as a surface material of a gas cooker hood and a wall panel of a kitchen. In addition, a tube in which an ETFE tube is coated with rubber, urethane resin, nylon resin, or the like via an adhesive is used as a fuel tube having excellent gasoline barrier properties and durability.
[0004]
In obtaining a laminate in which a non-tacky ETFE molded product is firmly adhered to a plastic sheet, a metal plate, or the like, the surface treatment of the ETFE molded product greatly affects the adhesiveness and durability. The surface treatment technique of the fluoropolymer molded product, those using a corona discharge in the air is generally (JP 60-16345, JP-63-9533). A method of performing corona discharge treatment in the presence of an organic compound has also been proposed (JP-B-37-17485, JP-A-5-92530). Further, the plasma processing method of (JP-A 4-74525) in the presence of organic compounds have also been proposed.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above-mentioned conventional surface treatment method has a problem in the durability of the surface treatment effect, although the initial adhesiveness of the adhesive or ink applied to the surface of the ETFE molded product with the surface of the ETFE molded product is excellent. . Fluorine resin film with a corona discharge treatment in JP-B 60-16345 in the air, for example, but to obtain a laminate stack with the adhesives based on thermoplastic polyester resin, boiling water test of the laminate Before the adhesive strength decreases due to the decrease in the cohesive strength of the adhesive due to the hydrolysis of the polyester resin, the interface between the treated surface of the fluororesin film and the adhesive occurs.
[0006]
In order to prevent a decrease in cohesive force due to hydrolysis of the adhesive or to prevent water from penetrating into the interface between the adhesive and the treated surface of the ETFE molded product, an epoxy resin having excellent water resistance is used as a primer layer at the interface. (JP-A-63-9533) has an initial effect, but causes interface separation between the treated surface of the ETFE molded article and the primer layer in about 10 hours of a boiling water test.
[0007]
In any of the above cases, an oxygen-containing functional group such as a hydroxyl group, a carbonyl group or a carboxyl group is formed on the surface of the ETFE molded product by corona discharge in air. In addition, a part of the main chain on the ETFE surface is cut to generate a newly generated weak boundary layer (hereinafter, referred to as WBL). It is considered that the oxygen- containing functional group is also generated in the WBL portion. Therefore, it is presumed that the molecular motion of WBL becomes active at a temperature of 95 to 100 ° C. in the boiling water test, and the oxygen-containing functional group easily detaches from the ETFE surface together with the WBL and moves to the adhesive side.
[0008]
Therefore, as the cause of the decrease in the durability of the surface treatment effect of the ETFE molded product, the WBL generated on the surface portion of the ETFE molded product has low adhesion to ETFE, and the oxygen-containing functional group generated on the WBL portion is hardened by an adhesive or the like. It does not work effectively.
[0009]
Also, the method of corona discharge treatment in the presence of an organic compound (Japanese Patent Publication No. 37-17485) has a problem that the effect of the surface treatment itself deteriorates with time as described in the specification. Further, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-92530, the functional group of the organic compound used in the discharge treatment must be the same as or have the same affinity as the functional group of the adhesive used for laminating with another substrate. In addition, it is necessary to change the organic compound used for the surface treatment in accordance with the adhesive used, and the treatment operation becomes complicated.
[0010]
Further, acetone plasma processing method using a (JP-A 4-74525) are acetone is the normal temperature, liquid at normal pressure, easily changes depending on the temperature the composition of the mixed gas, it is difficult to process continuously.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention suppresses the generation of WBL in the surface treated surface of the ETFE molding, hydroxyl, only the oxygen-containing functional groups such as carbonyl or carboxyl groups efficiently to produce, the treated surface耐沸aqueous and weather resistance The object of the present invention is to provide a novel surface treatment method characterized by the fact that a surface-treated product of an ETFE molded product to which a wide range of adhesives can be applied, and a ETFE molded product surface-treated by the surface treatment method are provided. I do.
[0012]
That is, the present invention provides a surface treatment method characterized by subjecting an ETFE molded product to discharge treatment in a mixed gas comprising an inert gas, a polymerizable unsaturated compound gas, and a carbon oxide gas. Further, the present invention provides an ETFE molded product surface-treated by the surface treatment method.
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The ETFE used in the present invention is a copolymer of ethylene and tetrafluoroethylene, and includes a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing another copolymer monomer. Examples of other copolymerized monomers include other fluoroolefins, other olefins, and vinyl monomers. Examples of other fluoroolefins include C2 to C3 fluoroolefins such as chlorotrifluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, vinylidene fluoride, and vinyl fluoride. Further, a fluorovinyl monomer such as (perfluoroalkyl) ethylene may be used. Examples of other olefins include propylene and isobutylene. As the vinyl monomer, for example vinyl, allyl ether, vinyl carboxylate, etc. carboxylic acid allyl ester le is illustrated.
[0014]
Examples of the vinyl ether include cycloalkyl vinyl ethers such as cyclohexyl vinyl ether, and alkyl vinyl ethers such as nonyl vinyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl vinyl ether, hexyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, n-butyl vinyl ether, and t-butyl vinyl ether.
[0015]
Examples of the allyl ether include an alkyl allyl ether such as ethyl allyl ether and hexyl allyl ether.
[0016]
Examples of the carboxylic acid vinyl ester or a carboxylic acid allyl ester, acetic acid, butyric acid, pivalic acid, benzoic acid, vinyl esters or allyl esters of carboxylic acids such as propionic acid. Further, as the vinyl ester of a carboxylic acid having a branched alkyl group, commercially available Veova-9 and Veova-10 (both manufactured by Shell Chemical Co., Ltd.) may be used.
[0017]
The above copolymer monomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
The ratio of the polymerization unit based on tetrafluoroethylene in ETFE is preferably from 20 to 70 mol%.
[0018]
In the present invention, the ETFE molded product is subjected to surface treatment. The ETFE molded product may be composed of only ETFE, and may be composed of ETFE and another fluororesin, for example, hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer. A mixture with a perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether) -tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, a tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene-vinylidene fluoride copolymer, a chlorotrifluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer resin, or Mixtures with resins other than fluororesins are also applicable.
[0019]
Other fluororesins or resins other than fluororesins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
When another fluororesin or a resin other than the fluororesin is used in combination, the blending ratio of ETFE is usually preferably 50% by weight or more.
[0020]
Further, a mixture of any one or more of additives and fillers such as a pigment, an ultraviolet absorber, carbon black, carbon fiber, silicon carbide, glass fiber, mica, or a crosslinking agent is also applicable.
[0021]
The shape of the ETFE molded product is not particularly limited as long as it is an ETFE molded product. For example, a film, a sheet, a tube, a pipe, and a fiber can be used.
[0022]
The present invention is characterized in that discharge treatment is performed in a mixed gas of an inert gas, a polymerizable unsaturated compound gas and a carbon oxide gas. The role of the inert gas in the present invention is to stabilize the discharge, remove the ETFE degradation products present on the very surface of the ETFE molded product, and suppress the cutting of the polymer main chain to activate the ETFE molded product surface, It is to cause a reaction by the unsaturated unsaturated compound gas and the carbon oxide gas.
[0023]
Examples of the inert gas include helium gas, argon gas, neon gas, krypton gas, xenon gas, radon gas, and the like. Helium gas and argon gas are preferable, and argon gas is particularly preferable.
[0024]
Examples of the polymerizable unsaturated compound gas include a compound gas having a double bond such as ethylene gas and propylene gas, and ethylene gas is preferable. Further, the carbon oxide gas is a role of effectively introducing an oxygen- containing functional group into the surface polymer, and thus includes carbon dioxide gas and carbon monoxide. Particularly, the carbon dioxide gas is a surface which is strongly adhered to ETFE. It is preferable because a reactant is obtained.
[0025]
The composition of the mixed gas is preferably 1 to 15 mol of the polymerizable unsaturated compound gas and 1 to 20 mol of the carbon oxide gas with respect to 100 mol of the inert gas, most preferably 100 mol of the inert gas. The amount of the polymerizable unsaturated compound gas is 3 to 10 mol and the amount of the carbon oxide gas is 1 to 12 mol with respect to the mol. When the amount of the polymerizable unsaturated compound gas and the amount of the carbon oxide gas are larger than the amount of the inert gas, the initial discharge voltage becomes higher and the discharge treatment becomes difficult. In addition, if air is mixed in this atmosphere, it becomes difficult to discharge, so it is necessary to avoid air.
[0026]
Further, as a method of the discharge treatment, forms such as corona discharge (spark discharge), plasma discharge, glow discharge and the like can be applied. In each case, the treatment surface is exposed in a gas atmosphere, and a discharge treatment is performed by applying a high-frequency voltage of 3 kHz to 40 kHz between the electrodes. The form of the discharge varies depending on the composition of the mixed gas. As described above, when the amount of the polymerizable unsaturated compound gas and the carbon oxide gas relative to the inert gas increases, the plasma discharge or glow discharge changes to a corona discharge (spark discharge). .
[0027]
The pressure during the discharge treatment is not particularly limited as long as the mixed gas can be maintained in a gaseous state, but may be generally in the range of 0.9 to 1.1 kg / cm 2 . Since the surface treatment is performed under substantially atmospheric pressure, it is preferable in that an expensive device is not required.
The temperature during the discharge treatment is not particularly limited, but may be generally in the range of 10 to 80 ° C, and preferably in the range of 25 to 60 ° C.
[0028]
The electric power of the discharge treatment is preferably 100 to 1500 W · min / m 2 , especially when the surface-treated molded product is dry-laminated with another film using a solvent-type adhesive. From the necessity of wetting, a discharge treatment is performed with an electric power of 300 W · min / m 2 or more, and the water contact angle is 90 ° or less, or a surface tension by a wetting test method specified in JIS K6768 (hereinafter, simply referred to as a surface tension) of 34 dyn / It is better to increase the wettability to at least cm. In addition, in the discharge treatment with the electric power of 2000 W · min / m 2 or more, the treatment layer becomes thick, and is easily detached from the ETFE molded product, which is not preferable.
[0029]
Various adhesives and inks can be used for the ETFE molded product surface-treated according to the present invention. Examples of the adhesive include an adhesive such as a polyester-based adhesive, a urethane-based adhesive, an epoxy-based adhesive, a nylon-based adhesive, an ethylene-vinyl acetate-based adhesive, an acrylic-based adhesive, and a rubber-based adhesive. Can be Examples of the ink include an ink made of a resin contained in the adhesive. Adhesives, inks, and the like can be firmly adhered to the surface-treated surface of the ETFE molded product, and peeling can be suppressed until the adhesives and the inks themselves are hydrolyzed or deteriorated by light such as ultraviolet rays.
[0030]
When the surface-treated ETFE molded product is a sheet, a film, a tube, or the like, a laminate can be formed with another sheet or the like. Specific examples of the laminate include, for example, a sheet made of a resin such as a soft vinyl chloride resin (hereinafter, referred to as a soft PVC), a polyethylene resin, a polypropylene resin, a polycarbonate resin, a urethane resin, a nylon resin, an epoxy resin, a melamine resin, and an acrylic resin. , A film or a laminate with a tube, or a laminate with a metal plate such as a stainless steel plate, an aluminum plate, an iron plate, or a galvanium steel plate.
[0031]
These laminates may be laminated via an adhesive. In the case where the substrate to be laminated itself is composed of a substrate having adhesiveness (for example, ethylene-vinyl acetate resin, urethane resin) Alternatively, the resin molded product according to the present invention and the substrate may be firmly bonded by a hot press method.
[0032]
The amount of the surface functional group can be estimated from the water contact angle. Although the water contact angle of the untreated ETFE molded product surface is about 102 °, the adhesive can be applied without repelling, and in order to secure the adhesion between the adhesive and the surface-treated surface mainly by hydrogen bonding. Must have a water contact angle of 90 ° or less, and the lower the value, the better. Further, through the film-like adhesive ho Ttomeruto system, even when a substrate having a strong functional group of the functional group and the affinity with the film adhesive of the same kind or adhesive, is adhered by heat pressing, towards the front surface functional groups with many films, since the initial adhesion and boiling water adhesion after the test is high, the water contact angle is preferably as low as.
[0033]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described in more detail based on examples. However, the present invention is not limited by these. In addition, the measuring method of the physical property in an Example and a comparative example was performed by the method shown below.
[0034]
(1) Boiling water test A test piece of the composite laminate bonded with an adhesive was immersed in boiling water, and the change in adhesion after 100 hours and the form of peeling were observed. If the functional groups are sufficiently introduced into the surface, the adhesion before the boiling water test is high, and if no WBL is generated, the adhesion is maintained after the boiling water test.
[0035]
(2) Weather resistance test In accordance with JIS B7753, a sunshine carbon arc lamp type weather resistance test was performed for 6000 hours, an accelerated test was performed under conditions where water and light were directly applied, and changes in light transmittance before and after the test and water The change in contact angle was measured.
[0036]
[Example 1]
One surface of an ETFE film (Aflex 50N, manufactured by Asahi Glass) having a thickness of 50 μm was placed at 30 ° C. and atmospheric pressure in a mixed gas atmosphere consisting of argon gas: ethylene gas: carbon dioxide gas (molar ratio) = 100: 7: 2. , A discharge treatment was performed at a treatment intensity of 300 W · min / m 2 to perform a surface treatment. The surface-treated surface of this surface-treated film had a water contact angle of 85 ° and a surface tension of 42 dyn / cm.
[0037]
Subsequently, the treated surface into two component urethane adhesive was applied to (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Byron 50AS and curing agent) in a thickness of 10 [mu] m, it was laminated 200μm soft salt Bifiru beam at 70 ° C., of 100 hours A boiling water test was performed. The adhesion before the test was 1.5 kgf / cm, whereas the adhesion after the test was 1.4 kgf / cm, and there was almost no decrease in the adhesion. The peeling form at this time was a so-called cohesive failure of the adhesive, in which the adhesive remained on both the ETFE film side and the soft PVC film side before and after the test.
[0038]
The surface treated film was subjected to a weather resistance test for 6000 hours. The total light transmittance before and after the exposure was 95.2% and 95.0%, respectively, and hardly decreased. The contact angle was 85 ° and the surface tension was 42 dyn / cm, which was not changed.
[0039]
[Examples 2 to 6]
One surface of an ETFE film (Aflex 50N, manufactured by Asahi Glass) having a thickness of 50 μm was subjected to a surface treatment under the conditions shown in Table 1, and the same test as in Example 1 was performed. In Examples 3 and 6, an ethylene-vinyl acetate hot-melt adhesive (Marukabond ME-5 , Marukabond Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was used as an adhesive for lamination with a 200-μm ethylene-vinyl acetate film. After applying an adhesive of 25 μm, lamination was performed at 140 ° C. Table 1 shows the results.
[0040]
[Comparative Example 1]
The same test as in Example 1 was performed without performing a discharge treatment on a 50 μm-thick ETFE film (Aflex 50N, manufactured by Asahi Glass). However, the water contact angle was 102 ° and the surface tension was less than 31 dyn / cm. Subsequently, the treated surface into two component urethane adhesive was applied to (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Byron 50AS and curing agent) in a thickness of 10 [mu] m, it was laminated soft salt Bifiru beam thickness 200μm at 70 ° C., adhesion The force hardly adhered to 100 gf / cm. The surface treatment film was subjected to a weather resistance test in accordance with JIS B7753 for 6000 hours. The total light transmittance before and after exposure was 95.2% and 95.2%, respectively, and there was almost no decrease. The water contact angle after exposure was 102 °, and the surface tension was less than 31 dyn / cm.
[0041]
[Comparative Example 2]
One side of a 50 μm-thick ETFE film (Aflex 50N, manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) was treated under a mixed gas atmosphere of argon gas: ethylene gas (molar ratio ) = 100: 7 at 50 ° C. and atmospheric pressure at a processing strength of 300 W · The discharge treatment was performed at min / m 2 . The water contact angle of this surface-treated film was 99 °, and the surface tension was less than 31 dyn / cm.
[0042]
Subsequently, the treated surface into two component urethane adhesive was applied to (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Byron 50AS and curing agent) in a thickness of 10 [mu] m, laminated soft salt Bifiru beam thickness 200μm at 70 ° C., 100 hours Was subjected to a boiling water test. The adhesive force before the test was 0.2 kgf / cm, and hardly adhered. A weather resistance test was performed on this surface-treated film for 6000 hours. The total light transmittance before and after exposure was 95.2% and 95.0, respectively, and hardly decreased. Was 100 °, and the surface tension was 31 dyn / cm, which was not changed.
[0043]
[Comparative Examples 3 to 14]
One surface of a 50 μm-thick ETFE film (manufactured by Asahi Glass, Aflex 50N) was subjected to surface treatment under the conditions shown in Tables 2 and 3, and the same test as in Example 1 was performed.
[0044]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003567165
[0045]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003567165
[0046]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003567165
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
The surface treatment according to the present invention can efficiently generate only an oxygen- containing functional group such as a hydroxyl group, a carbonyl group or a carboxyl group without generating WBL on the surface-treated surface of the ETFE molded product . The surface treatment is excellent in boiling water and weather resistance of the surface-treated surface, can be applied to a wide range of adhesives, and can obtain an ETFE laminate and printed matter at low cost.

Claims (4)

エチレン−テトラフルオロエチレン系共重合体成形物を、不活性ガス、重合性不飽和化合物ガスおよび炭素酸化物ガスからなる混合ガス中で放電処理することを特徴とする表面処理方法。A surface treatment method comprising subjecting an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene-based copolymer molded article to discharge treatment in a mixed gas comprising an inert gas, a polymerizable unsaturated compound gas, and a carbon oxide gas. 混合ガスの各成分の割合が不活性ガス:重合性不飽和化合物ガス:炭素酸化物ガス=100モル:1〜15モル:1〜20モルである請求項1記載の表面処理方法。The surface treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of each component of the mixed gas is inert gas: polymerizable unsaturated compound gas: carbon oxide gas = 100 mol: 1 to 15 mol: 1 to 20 mol. 混合ガスがアルゴンガス、エチレンガスおよび炭酸ガスからなる混合ガスである請求項1または2記載の表面処理方法。3. The surface treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the mixed gas is a mixed gas composed of argon gas, ethylene gas and carbon dioxide gas. 請求項1、2または3記載の表面処理方法によって表面処理されたエチレン−テトラフルオロエチレン系共重合体成形物。An ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene-based copolymer molded article surface-treated by the surface treatment method according to claim 1, 2 or 3.
JP8125097A 1997-03-31 1997-03-31 Surface treatment method and ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer molded article Expired - Lifetime JP3567165B2 (en)

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