JP3562484B2 - Method for manufacturing disk-shaped data recording medium - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a recording medium on which data such as video data and audio data which has been subjected to encoding suitable for special reproduction is recorded.Manufacturing methodIt is about.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art An MPEG (Motion Picture Coding Experts Group) system has been conventionally proposed as a system for compressing and encoding a digital image signal or the like recorded on a disk in a digital video disk (hereinafter, referred to as a DVD) system.
FIG. 14A shows the structure of inter-frame prediction in the MPEG system.
In this figure, one GOP (Group Of Pictures) is composed of, for example, 15 frames. In one GOP, one I picture, four P pictures, and ten remaining B pictures are B pictures. The GOP is a unit of encoding obtained by dividing one sequence of a moving image.
The I picture is an intra-frame coded image coded in one frame, and the P picture is an inter-frame order predicted with reference to a previously coded temporally previous frame (I picture or P picture). The B picture is a bidirectional predictive coded image that is predicted with reference to two frames preceding and succeeding in time.
[0003]
That is, as shown by the arrow, the I picture I₀  Is predictively coded only within that frame, and P picture P₀  Is I picture I₀  , P-picture P₁  Is P picture P₀  , And has been subjected to inter-frame prediction coding. Furthermore, B picture B₀  , B₁  Is I picture I₀  And P picture P₀  And inter-frame prediction coding with reference to₂, B₃  Is P picture P₀  And P picture P₁  And inter-frame prediction coding. In the same manner, subsequent pictures are created by predictive encoding.
[0004]
By the way, in order to decode the picture thus predictively coded, the I picture can be decoded only by the I picture because the predictive coding is performed in the frame, but the P picture is temporally decoded. , The temporally preceding I picture or P picture is required at the time of decoding, and the B picture is temporally preceding or succeeding I picture or P picture. , An I picture or a P picture that is temporally preceding or succeeding is required at the time of decoding.
Therefore, the pictures are exchanged as shown in FIG. 14B so that the pictures required for decoding can be decoded first.
[0005]
As shown in FIG._-1, B_-2Is the I picture I₀  B picture B_-1, B_-2More I picture I₀  B picture B₀  , B₁  Is the I picture I₀  And P picture P₀B picture B₀  , B₁  More P picture P₀  B picture B₂  , B₃  Is the P picture P when decoding₀  And P picture P₁    B picture B₂  , B₃  More P picture P₁  B picture B₄  , B₅  Is the P picture P when decoding₁  And P picture P₂  B picture B₄  , B₅  More P picture P₂  Has been replaced as preceding. Similarly, B picture B₆  , B₇  More P picture P₃  Has been replaced as preceding.
[0006]
Then, video data composed of I pictures, P pictures, and B pictures arranged in the order shown in FIG. 14B and other data such as audio data and subtitles (captions) are packetized (multiplexed) and discs or the like. Or transmitted to a transmission path. Note that the code amount of one frame of the picture data is not constant among the pictures, but is different depending on the complexity and flatness of the image.
FIG. 15 shows the form of packetizing in this case. 15A shows an MPEG2 system stream, which shows a multiplexed stream after packetization, and FIG. 15B shows the contents of video packets in the multiplexed stream, and FIG. ) Indicates an MPEG2 video stream, and indicates a stream of a video layer.
[0007]
Each picture data V, V + 1, V + 2,... Constituting the video layer shown in FIG. In such a video layer, in the illustrated example, the video stream from the position D1 to D3 of the video layer is one video packet with a packet header added to the head, and the video stream is D5 from the position D3 of the video layer. The other video streams are similarly video packets with a packet header added at the beginning.
The MPEG2 system stream shown in FIG. 3A is created by multiplexing the packetized video packets with the audio packets and subtitle packets.
[0008]
Here, the contents of a picture header are shown in FIG. 16, and the contents of a picture coding extension are shown in FIG.
The picture header includes picture_start_code, which is a unique code, temporal_reference (TR), which is a time-sequential serial number for each picture, and picture_coding_type, which indicates the coding type of the picture (one of an I picture, a P picture, and a B picture). Information has been written.
In the picture coding extension, extension_start_code and extension_start_code_identifier that form a unique code, picture_structure information, top_field_first information, progressive_frame information, and the like are written.
[0009]
It should be noted that the picture data can include both picture data of a frame structure composed of one frame per screen and picture data of a field structure composed of two fields per screen. Whether it is a field structure, {1}. Existence of Group of Header (GOP header), {2}. Temporal_reference (TR) in Picture header, and {3}. The three pieces of picture_structure information in Picture coding extension can identify whether the picture data has a frame structure or a field structure of one screen and two fields.
[0010]
Next, FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a data decoding device (Japanese Patent Application No. 7-32944) capable of performing trick play proposed by the present applicant.
In this figure, the rotation of a disk 1 is controlled by a spindle motor (not shown) so as to rotate at a predetermined number of revolutions, and a laser beam is applied from a pickup 2 to a track of the optical disk 1 so that the track is recorded on the track. Digital data compressed by the MPEG method is read. This digital data is EFM-demodulated by the demodulation circuit 3 and further input to the sector detection circuit 4. The output of the pickup 2 is input to a phase locked loop (PLL) circuit 9 to reproduce a clock. The reproduced clock is supplied to the demodulation circuit 3 and the sector detection circuit 4.
[0011]
In the digital data recorded on the disk 1, a multiplexed stream in units of fixed-length sectors is recorded, but a sector sync and a sector header are added at the head of each sector, and sector detection is performed. The circuit 4 detects the sector sync by detecting the sector sync, and also detects the sector address and the like from the sector header and supplies it to the control circuit 6.
The demodulated output is input to an ECC (error correction) circuit 33 via a sector detection circuit 4, where error detection and correction are performed. The error-corrected data is supplied from the ECC circuit 33 to the ring buffer 5 and written into the ring buffer 5 under the control of the control circuit 6.
[0012]
Further, the output of the ECC circuit 33 is input to the stream detector 50, which detects a picture type from the stream data read from the disk 1 by the stream detector 50 at the time of trick play, and sends the picture type information to the control circuit 6. Supplying. In response to this information, the control circuit 6 controls the ring buffer 5 to write data of an I picture and two pieces of P pictures appearing after the I picture at the time of special reproduction.
[0013]
Note that the focus control and tracking control of the pickup 2 are performed by a tracking servo circuit and a focus servo circuit in accordance with control of system control by a focus error signal and a tracking error signal obtained from information read from the pickup 2.
Here, based on the sector address of each sector detected by the sector detection circuit 4, the control circuit 6 specifies a write address for writing the sector to the ring buffer 5 by the write pointer WP. Further, the control circuit 6 specifies the read address of the data written in the ring buffer 5 by the read pointer RP based on the code request signal from the video code buffer 10 at the subsequent stage. Then, data is read from the position of the read pointer RP and supplied to the demultiplexer 32.
[0014]
The demultiplexer 32 separates video data, audio data, and subtitle data from the video data, audio data, and subtitle data because the data recorded on the disk 1 is encoded data in which video data, audio data, subtitle data, and the like are multiplexed. This is a circuit for supplying video data to the video decoder 20, audio data to the audio decoder, and subtitle data to the subtitle decoder.
Thereby, the video data read from the ring buffer 5 is separated by the demultiplexer 32 and stored in the video code buffer 10.
[0015]
Further, the data stored in the video code buffer 10 is supplied to a picture header detector 34, and the picture header is detected, so that the type information indicating the I, P, and B types of the picture and the picture in the GOP are displayed. Temporal reference (TR) information indicating the order is detected. Then, the type information of the detected picture is supplied to a picture data selection circuit 35, and only the I picture and the P picture are selected based on the picture type information output from the picture detector 34 at the time of special reproduction, and the inverse VLC circuit 11 is selected. To supply.
During normal reproduction, the picture data selection circuit 35 is controlled so as to transmit all pictures without selecting pictures. Although not shown, this control is performed by system control.
[0016]
The data supplied to the inverse VLC circuit 11 is subjected to inverse VLC processing by the circuit 11. When the inverse VLC processing is completed, the data is supplied to the inverse quantization circuit 12, and a code request signal is sent to the video code buffer 10, so that new data is transferred from the video code buffer 10.
Further, the inverse VLC circuit 11 outputs the quantization step size to the inverse quantization circuit 12, and outputs the motion vector information to the motion compensation circuit 15. The inverse quantization circuit 12 inversely quantizes the input data according to the specified quantization step size, and outputs the data to the inverse DCT circuit 13. The inverse DCT circuit 13 performs an inverse DCT process on the input data and supplies the data to the addition circuit 14.
[0017]
The addition circuit 14 adds the output of the inverse DCT circuit 13 and the output of the motion compensation circuit 15 according to the type of picture (I, P, B) and outputs the result to the frame memory bank 16.
The data read from the frame memory bank 16 under the control of the original frame sequence shown in FIG. 14A is converted into an analog video signal by a digital / analog converter (D / A) 17. Is displayed on the display 18.
[0018]
Further, the output of the ECC circuit 33 is input to the stream detector 50, which detects a picture type from the stream data read from the disk 1 by the stream detector 50 at the time of trick play, and sends the picture type information to the control circuit 6. Supplying. In response to this information, the control circuit 6 controls the ring buffer 5 to write data of an I picture and two pieces of P pictures appearing after the I picture at the time of special reproduction.
In this way, if the number of frames in the frame memory bank 16 is three, the first three I-pictures and P-pictures per GOP are written to the ring buffer 5 at a high speed. The decoder 20 can take in and decode at the required timing. This makes it possible to efficiently decode the special reproduction.
[0019]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Here, for example, P picture P₃  Assuming that the reverse reproduction is started, in the case of video data as shown in FIG.
P₃  → B₇  → B₆  → P₂  → B₅  → B₄  → P₁  → B₃  → B₂  → P₀  → B₁  → B₀→ I₀  → ・ ・ ・
Must be displayed in this order. However, as described above, since the P picture is subjected to inter-frame prediction coding, the P picture P₃  To decode₀  , P₀  , P₁  , P₂  Must be decoded. Also, B picture B₇  To decode P picture P₂  And P picture P₃  Must be decoded. Therefore, in order to perform reverse reproduction without decoding each picture only once as in normal reproduction, a frame bank memory 16 capable of storing the same number of frames as the number of pictures constituting a GOP is required.
[0020]
However, for this purpose, a special frame memory is added to the frame bank memory 16 to increase the storage capacity, the decoded data is sequentially stored in the frame memory, and the images are transmitted in the reverse reproduction order. I have to do it.
Further, it is conceivable to perform reverse reproduction using only the I picture and the P picture while skipping the B picture. However, in this case, it is necessary to store many frames.
[0021]
Therefore, in the data decoding apparatus shown in FIG. 18, the same number of frames (three in the example shown in FIG. 18) as the number of frame memories so that reverse playback can be performed using the frame memory required for normal playback. Thus, only one I picture and two P pictures appearing after the I picture are decoded. In order to decode only the I picture and the two P pictures appearing after the I picture, a stream detector 50 is provided to ring the I picture and the stream data up to the two P pictures appearing after the I picture. Writing to the buffer 5 is performed.
[0022]
However, there arises a problem that the configuration of the stream detector 50 for detecting an I picture and a P picture appearing after the I picture and its detection operation become complicated. The reason will be described below.
The packetized (multiplexed) MPEG2 system stream is shown in FIG. 15 (A). In the process of packetizing, the stream is divided at the position D3 of the MPEG2 video stream as shown in FIG. 15 (C). When packetized, the picture header and picture coding extension in the picture (V + 2) are divided into two packets. As a result, the picture header and the picture coding extension in the picture (V + 2) are divided into two video packets and exist as shown in FIG.
[0023]
As described above, if the picture header and the picture coding extension are divided into two video packets, the picture cannot be determined only by detecting the flag information in one video packet. It is necessary to detect various kinds of information of the picture. In this case, as shown in FIG. 15A, since another packet (for example, an audio packet) exists between two video packets, it is necessary to perform more complicated processing to detect the packet. For this reason, the configuration and operation of the stream detector 50 become complicated.
[0024]
In MPEG2, video data having a frame structure in which one screen is represented by one frame and video data having a field structure in which one screen is represented by two fields can be mixed. In the case of a field structure, a picture header is added for each field of video data. Therefore, it is necessary to determine which structure is formed by reading the picture header and the picture coding extension of two consecutive pictures. There is.
[0025]
Therefore, whether the picture data has a frame structure or a field structure is determined as described in (1). Existence of Group of Header (GOP header), {2}. Temporal_reference (TR) in Picture header, and {3}. The three pieces of information of the picture_structure information in the picture coding extension identify whether the picture data is a frame / field structure. In addition, I-pictures and subsequent P-pictures must be detected.
[0026]
Next, a method of identifying whether the picture data is a frame / field structure will be described in detail.
FIG. 19A shows the format of video data in the case of a frame structure, and FIG. 19B shows the format of video data in the case of a field structure. In the field structure format, picture data for one field to which a picture header and a picture coding extension are added is two frames of video data for one frame. In the frame structure format, one frame of picture data to which a picture header and a picture coding extension are added is converted into one frame of video data.
[0027]
Also, the numerical values of the TR information written in the respective picture headers of the paired picture data in the field structure video data are made equal. As shown in the table of FIG. 20, the information of the picture_structure written in the picture coding extension is “01” in the case of the Top Field and “10” in the case of the Bottom Field.
Further, the information of the picture_structure written in the picture coding extension of the frame structure is “11” as shown in the table of FIG.
[0028]
Therefore, in order to identify whether the picture data is a frame / field structure, the GOP header written at the start position of the GOP is read, and then the picture coding extension in the picture coding extension written at the head of the picture data is read. By reading the information of picture_structure, it is possible to identify which of the frame / field structure.
However, this alone can load the picture data of the identified frame structure, but the video data of the field structure, which constitutes one frame of video data by the picture data of the pair, does not detect the picture data of the pair. Not be loaded. Therefore, the TR information in the picture header is read, and when the values of TR are equal, the data is loaded as a pair of picture data.
Note that there are two types of picture headers of the paired field structures, that is, when the arrangement order is Top / Bottom and when the arrangement order is Bottom / Top.
[0029]
This will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in this figure, a GOP header (GOPH) is followed by a frame structure I picture, a field structure B picture, then a field structure B picture, and the GOP header is recorded further away. , Followed by an I picture in a field structure format, then a GOP header, followed by an I picture in a field structure format.
[0030]
Here, when a total of three I pictures and P pictures following the I picture are loaded, an I picture in a frame structure format following the first GOP header reads the GOP header, and then reads picture_coding_type in the picture header. Further, by reading the information (“11” in the case of the frame structure format) of the picture_structure in the picture coding extension written at the head of the picture data, it can be detected as an I picture in the frame structure format, and the I picture in the frame structure format can be detected. Can be loaded.
[0031]
If random access is performed in the bit stream and access is made at the position of random access 1 shown in the figure, the picture header and the picture coding extension of the B picture in the field structure format are read. At this time, the TR of "0" is read. Next, the picture header and the picture coding extension of the B picture in the second field structure format are read. At this time, the TR of "0" is read. Therefore, the two B-picture data in the field structure format are regarded as a pair.
[0032]
If it is assumed that the position of random access 2 shown in the bit stream has been accessed, the picture header and the picture coding extension of the first picture are read, and the TR of “0” is read. Subsequently, the picture header and the picture coding extension of the picture are read, and the TR of “1” is read. In this case, since the numerical values of TR do not match, the two field structure format picture data are not detected as a pair. Further, when the position of the random access 3 shown in the bit stream is accessed, as in the case of the random access 1, the TR values of the two picture headers match (TR = 1). Is done. When a picture_structure in the picture coding extension of “01” or “10” is detected, the data is determined to be in the field structure format, and data of a pair is detected.
[0033]
Furthermore, assuming that the position of random access 4 shown in the bit stream is accessed, the picture header and the picture coding extension of the first picture are read, and the TR of “0” is read. At this time, the I-picture in the field structure format is obtained based on the information of the picture_coding_type in the picture header and the picture_structure in the picture coding extension.
Subsequently, after the GOP header is detected, the picture header and the picture coding extension of the next picture are read, and the TR of “0” is read. In this case, two consecutive pictures have the same TR value, but if there is a GOP header between them, the pair is exceptionally determined to be not a pair. This is because TR is reset to "0" when a GOP header is present, and there is no paired picture across the GOP header.
[0034]
The stream detector 50 looks at the GOP header, the continuously read picture header, and the plurality of pieces of flag information of the picture coding extension as described above, performs detection processing of various kinds of picture information, and performs processing for detecting picture data. Since the loading is performed, the processing procedure and configuration become very complicated.
Next, a load completion detection flowchart showing the processing procedure of the stream detector 50 is shown in FIG. However, in this flowchart, when a random access is made, the entry sector written immediately before the I picture is randomly accessed so that a normal image can be obtained immediately.
When the load completion detection flowchart is started, a search (SRCH) for the picture_start_code in the picture_header is started in step S10, and when the picture_start_code is found in step S12, the process proceeds to step S14. If not found, the process of step S12 is repeated until found. As a result, the picture_header of the I picture is detected.
[0035]
In step S14, temporal_reference in the found picture header is read, and the numerical value is stored in the register TR0. Next, in step S16, the search (SRCH) for the picture_start_code in the picture_header is started again, and if found in step S18, the process proceeds to step S20. If not found, the process of step S18 is repeated until found. Thus, the presence of the next picture data is detected.
Then, in step S20, it is determined whether or not a group_of_pictures_header has been found during the search for the picture_start_code, and if not found, “NO” is determined and the process proceeds to step S22. If found, the determination is "YES". In this case, since the picture data is not a pair of picture data, the process jumps to step S26.
[0036]
In step S22, temporal_reference in the found picture header is read, and the numerical value is stored in the register TR1. Next, in step S24, it is determined whether or not the values of TR stored in the register TR0 and the value of TR stored in the register TR1 match. If they match, the determination is "YES", and the process returns to step S16. The processing of steps S16 to S24 is executed again so as to read out the data of. That is, it is determined that the picture headers of the two pictures to be paired have been detected.
If the values of TR do not match, “NO” is determined and the process proceeds to step S26. In this case, the reading of the picture data of the pair ends, and the case where the picture header of the next picture is found is determined. Become.
[0037]
Then, in step S26, picture_coding_type in the picture header is read and stored in the register. Next, it is determined whether or not the picture_coding_type stored in step S28 is "B picture". If it is determined that the picture is a "B picture", the B picture is not the target picture, so that the process returns to step S16, and the processes of steps S16 to S28 are repeatedly executed again to detect the next picture.
In this manner, if it is determined in step S28 that the picture header is not a "B picture", the found picture header becomes the picture header of the first P picture appearing after the I picture, and is included in the picture header found in step S30. Is read, and the numerical value is stored in the register TR2. Next, in step S32, the search (SRCH) for the picture_start_code in the picture_header is started again, and if found in step S34, the process proceeds to step S36. If not found, the process of step S34 is repeated until found. Thus, the presence of the next picture data is detected.
[0038]
Then, in step S36, it is determined whether or not a group_of_pictures_header is found during the search for the picture_start_code, and if not, “NO” is determined and the process proceeds to step S38. If found, the determination is "YES". In this case, since the picture data is not a pair of picture data, the process jumps to step S42.
In step S38, temporal_reference in the found picture header is read, and the numerical value is stored in register TR3. Next, in step S40, it is determined whether or not the values of TR stored in the registers TR2 and TR3 match, and if they match, "YES" is determined, and the process returns to step S32 to return to the picture. The processing of steps S32 to S40 is executed again so as to read out the data of. That is, it is determined that the picture header of the picture in the pair has been detected.
[0039]
If the values of TR do not match, “NO” is determined and the process proceeds to step S42. In this case, the reading of the picture data of the pair ends, and the case where the picture header of the next picture is found is determined. Become. That is, the reading of the first P picture ends.
Then, in step 42, picture_coding_type in the picture header is read and stored in the register. Next, it is determined whether or not the picture_coding_type stored in step S44 is “B picture”. If it is determined that the picture is a "B picture", the B picture is not the target picture, so that the process returns to step S32 and the processes of steps S32 to S44 are repeatedly executed again to detect the next picture.
[0040]
In this way, if it is determined that the picture header is not the “B picture”, the found picture header becomes the picture header of the second P picture appearing after the I picture, and the temporal_reference in the picture header found in step S46 is replaced with the temporal_reference in the picture header. After reading, the numerical value is stored in the register TR4. Next, in step S48, the search (SRCH) for the picture_start_code in the picture_header is started again, and when it is found in step S50, the process proceeds to step S52. If not found, the process of step S50 is repeated until found.
[0041]
In step S52, it is determined whether the group_of_pictures_header is found during the search for the picture_start_code, and if not found, the determination is "NO" and the process proceeds to step S54. If it is found, the determination is "YES". In this case, since the data is not a pair of picture data, the loading is completed and this processing ends.
[0042]
In step S54, temporal_reference in the found picture header is read, and the numerical value is stored in the register TR5. Next, in step S56, it is determined whether or not the values of TR stored in the registers TR4 and TR5 match. If they match, the determination is "YES", and the process returns to step S48. The processing from step S48 to step S56 is executed again so as to read. If the values of TR do not match, "NO" is determined, the loading is completed, and this processing ends.
By performing such processing, an I picture and a bit stream up to two P pictures following the I picture can be loaded.
[0043]
As described above, since the stream detector 50 must perform complicated processing, the present invention does not require a means for performing a complicated configuration and operation as in the case of the stream detector. Recording medium on which encoded data is recordedManufacturing methodIt is intended to provide.
[0044]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Disc-shaped data recording medium of the present invention to achieve the above objectManufacturing methodsmellAndIntra-frame encoded image data, and including a plurality of inter-frame forward prediction encoded image data obtained by utilizing the correlation in the time axis direction over a plurality of frames, and the frame from the intra-frame encoded image data Includes position information indicating the position of data up to a predetermined number of inter-frame forward prediction encoded image data following the inner encoded image dataReceive recording data,On the basis of the received recording data, a first disk on which tracks composed of pits are formed is generated, and based on the first disk, a second disk on which optically readable data is recorded is generated. Duplicate, Is characterized.
[0045]
The position information is arranged before the intra-frame coded image.
[0046]
In addition, the position information represents the position of the intra-frame coded image and one inter-frame forward prediction coded image following the intra-frame coded image.
[0047]
In addition, the position information represents the position of the intra-frame coded image and a second inter-frame forward prediction coded image following the intra-frame coded image.
[0048]
According to the disk-shaped data recording medium of the present invention, since the data includes the position information, the intra-frame coded image data (I picture) and the intra-frame coded image data (I picture) are used based on the position information during the special reproduction. (Picture), and several inter-frame forward prediction coded image data (P picture) following the picture can be selectively decoded and displayed.
[0049]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a disc-shaped data recording medium and a corresponding data encoding device and data decoding device will be described as embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a data encoding device.
In the data encoding device shown in this figure, an audio encoder 102 compresses and encodes an audio signal input to an audio input and outputs it to a multiplexer 113, and a video encoder 101 outputs a video signal input to a video input. The signal is compression-encoded and output to the multiplexer 113. In this case, the stream output from the audio encoder 102 is an MPEG2 audio stream (audio layer), and the stream output from the video encoder 101 is the MPEG2 video stream (video layer) shown in FIG. You.
[0050]
The multiplexing device 113 packetizes the input MPEG2 video stream and MPEG2 audio stream and performs time division multiplexing (packetizing) as shown in FIG. 15A.
Although not shown, the subtitle stream may be input to the multiplexer 113 and multiplexed with the video stream and the audio stream. In this case, the MPEG2 system stream output from the multiplexer 113 is as shown in FIG.
[0051]
The input terminal of the entry point data storage circuit 133A is connected to the output terminal of the video encoder 101 or the output terminal of the entry point detection circuit 131, and receives the information of the entry point (information of the generation point of the I picture) from either of them. Remember.
The TOC information data generation circuit 156 generates TOC (Table Of Contents) information by looking at the storage contents of the entry point data storage circuit 133A. The TOC information includes the name of the disc, the name of each chapter, and the disc of each chapter. The start address, the time required for reproducing the disk, the time required for reproducing each chapter, the start address of each entry sector, and the like are included.
[0052]
The multiplexed stream output from the multiplexing circuit 113 is temporarily stored in a DSM (Digital Storage Media) 110 for temporary storage, and the multiplexed stream read from the DSM 110 is supplied to the TOC addition circuit 150. The TOC addition circuit 150 adds the TOC information generated by the TOC data generation circuit 156 to the multiplexed stream and supplies the multiplexed stream to the picture header detection and PSM data generation and overwrite circuit 155.
By detecting the picture header in the picture header detection and PSM data generation and overwrite circuit 155, the number of bytes from the beginning of the entry sector to the end of the first appearing P picture, PSM data including information on the number of bytes until the end of the second appearing P picture is generated, and the PSM data is written into at least the entry sector. In this case, an entry sector area for writing PSM data in the multiplexed stream is secured in the multiplexing device 113, and the generated PSM data is overwritten in this area. This PSM data will be described later.
[0053]
The output of the picture header detection and PSM data generation and overwrite circuit 155 is supplied to the sector header addition circuit 151, where the multiplexed stream is divided for each sector in the sector header addition circuit 151, and the sector header is added for each sector. Is added.
The output of the sector header adding circuit 151 is input to the ECC encoder 152 and encoded so that the ECC encoder 152 can correct the error.
[0054]
In the modulation circuit 153 to which the output of the ECC encoder 152 is supplied, EFM (Eight to Fourth Modulation) is performed, and the modulation output is supplied to the cutting machine 154.
Next, in the cutting machine 154, pits are formed on the disk 160 in accordance with the data supplied from the modulation circuit 153, so that the multiplexed stream data is written on the disk 160. By performing press molding on the basis of the disk 160, for example, a DVD disk is created.
[0055]
As described above, in the data encoding device shown in FIG. 1, after the input audio signal and video signal are encoded, the multiplexing device 113 packetizes them and creates a time-division multiplexed multiplexed stream. . Further, PSM data is generated in a picture header detection and PSM data generation and overwrite circuit 155 and written into the multiplexed stream. Such a multiplexed stream is written to the disk 160.
[0056]
Here, FIG. 2 shows an example of a multiplexed stream output from the picture header detection and PSM data generation and overwrite circuit 155, that is, an MPEG2 system stream. However, in this figure, it is shown that only video data and audio data are multiplexed.
As shown in this figure, the MPEG2 system stream is composed of audio data inserted in some places so that sound is not interrupted during reproduction, and video data of I picture, P picture, and B picture inserted between the audio data. I have.
[0057]
An entry sector is written at the entry point, and the writing position of the entry sector is indicated as entry sector n, entry sector n + 1,... The entry sector is written immediately before the I picture, so that when the pickup reads data from the entry sector, a complete image is displayed immediately.
Accordingly, although audio data may exist between the entry sector and the I picture, the existence of video data including picture headers of P and B pictures is prohibited.
[0058]
FIG. 3 shows the layout of this entry sector. As shown in this figure, the entry sector includes a pack_header having an optional system_header, a PSD (Program Stream directory), a PSM (Program Stream Map), and other packets.
FIG. 4 shows the syntax of PSM. As shown in this figure, the PSM includes a 24-bit packet_start_code_prefix that forms a unique code, an 8-bit map_stream_id, an arbitrary number of global descriptors, a program_steam_info_element including a number of global_steam_info_elements, and a number of elements such as a symbol_stream_element and a stream_type. Have been.
[0059]
Further, the syntax of Elementary Stream Descriptors is shown in FIG. 5, Elementary_stream_descriptors, if the stream is video data consists dvd_video_descriptor and Ip_ipp_descriptor, if the stream is audio data consists ISO_639_language_descriptor showing a dvd_audio_descriptor and language, the When the stream is subtitle data, the stream is composed of dvd_subtitle_descriptor and ISO_639_language_descriptor indicating a language. Further, other information shown in FIG. 5 is also added.
[0060]
Of the elementary_stream_descriptors, ip_ipp_descriptor is a characteristic descriptor of the present invention, and the contents of IP_IPP_descriptor are shown in FIG.
As shown in this figure, ip_ipp_descriptor is a descriptor_tag consisting of 8 bits indicating that it is a descriptor of ip, ipp, a descriptor_length consisting of 8 bits indicating the length of the descriptor, and the first byte of the current entry sector. Bytes_to_first_P_pic indicating the number of bytes up to the last byte of the P picture appearing in, and bytes_to_second_P_pic indicating the number of bytes from the first byte of the current entry sector to the last byte of the P picture appearing second. It is composed of
[0061]
Thus, bytes_to_first_P_pic and bytes_to_second_P_pic are information indicating the data length, and the data length range is as shown in FIG. The number of offset bytes indicated by the bytes_to_first_P_pic and the bytes_to_second_P_pic includes not only an I picture and a P picture as shown in FIG. 2, but also a B picture and an audio packet.
FIG. 7 shows the contents of the global descriptor.
Further, in the PSD in the entry sector, distance information from the current entry sector to the previous entry sector and the subsequent entry sector, and distance information of the entry sector such as 1 second, 3 seconds, etc. are written. . These pieces of distance information are described as offset addresses.
[0062]
Next, FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the data decoding device. 8, the same parts as those in FIG. 17 are indicated by the same reference numerals.
In this figure, the rotation of a disk 1 is controlled by a spindle motor (not shown) so as to rotate at a predetermined number of revolutions, and a laser beam is applied from a pickup 2 to a track of the optical disk 1 so that the track is recorded on the track. Digital data compressed by the MPEG method is read. This digital data is EFM-demodulated by the demodulation circuit 3 and further input to the sector detection circuit 4. The output of the pickup 2 is input to a phase locked loop (PLL) circuit 9 to reproduce a clock. The reproduced clock is supplied to the demodulation circuit 3 and the sector detection circuit 4.
[0063]
In the digital data recorded on the disk 1, a multiplexed stream is recorded in units of fixed-length sectors. A sector sync and a sector header are added to the head of each sector, and a sector detection circuit is provided. In 4, the sector break is detected by detecting the sector sync, and the sector address and the like are detected from the sector header and supplied to the control circuit 6.
The demodulated output is input to an ECC (error correction) circuit 33 via a sector detection circuit 4, where error detection and correction are performed. The error-corrected data is supplied from the ECC circuit 33 to the ring buffer 5 and written into the ring buffer 5 under the control of the control circuit 6.
[0064]
The output of the ECC circuit 33 is input to the PSM detection circuit 40, which detects the PSM information in the entry sector from the stream data read from the disk 1 at the time of trick play, and outputs the PSM information. Is supplied to the control circuit 6. Upon receiving this information, the control circuit 6 transfers the stream data from the I-picture appearing immediately after the entry sector to the two P-pictures appearing after the I-picture based on the offset byte number information of the IP IPP descriptor during the trick play. 5 is controlled.
[0065]
Note that the focus control and tracking control of the pickup 2 are performed by a tracking servo circuit and a focus servo circuit in accordance with control of system control by a focus error signal and a tracking error signal obtained from information read from the pickup 2.
Here, based on the sector address of each sector detected by the sector detection circuit 4, the control circuit 6 specifies a write address for writing the sector to the ring buffer 5 by the write pointer WP. Further, the control circuit 6 specifies the read address of the data written in the ring buffer 5 by the read pointer RP based on the code request signal from the video code buffer 10 at the subsequent stage. Then, data is read from the position of the read pointer RP and supplied to the demultiplexer 32.
[0066]
The demultiplexer 32 separates video data, audio data, and subtitle data from the video data, audio data, and subtitle data because the data recorded on the disk 1 is encoded data in which video data, audio data, subtitle data, and the like are multiplexed. This is a circuit for supplying video data to the video decoder 20, audio data to the audio decoder, and subtitle data to the subtitle decoder.
Thereby, the video data read from the ring buffer 5 is separated by the demultiplexer 32 and stored in the video code buffer 10. The stream data from an I picture during special playback to two P pictures appearing after the I picture includes packets other than video packets as shown in FIG. Unnecessary data other than data is removed.
[0067]
Further, the data stored in the video code buffer 10 is supplied to a picture header detector 34, and the picture header is detected, so that the type information indicating the I, P, and B types of the picture and the picture in the GOP are displayed. Temporal reference (TR) information indicating the order is detected. Then, the type information of the detected picture is supplied to a picture data selection circuit 35, and only the I picture and the P picture are selected based on the picture type information output from the picture detector 34 at the time of special reproduction, and the inverse VLC circuit 11 is selected. To supply.
During normal reproduction, the picture data selection circuit 35 is controlled so as to transmit all pictures without selecting pictures. Although not shown, this control is performed by system control.
[0068]
The data supplied to the inverse VLC circuit 11 is subjected to inverse VLC processing by the circuit 11. When the inverse VLC processing is completed, the data is supplied to the inverse quantization circuit 12, and a code request signal is sent to the video code buffer 10, so that new data is transferred from the video code buffer 10.
Further, the inverse VLC circuit 11 outputs the quantization step size to the inverse quantization circuit 12, and outputs the motion vector information to the motion compensation circuit 15. The inverse quantization circuit 12 inversely quantizes the input data according to the specified quantization step size, and outputs the data to the inverse DCT circuit 13. The inverse DCT circuit 13 performs an inverse DCT process on the input data and supplies the data to the addition circuit 14.
[0069]
The addition circuit 14 adds the output of the inverse DCT circuit 13 and the output of the motion compensation circuit 15 according to the type of picture (I, P, B) and outputs the result to the frame memory bank 16.
The data read from the frame memory bank 16 under the control of the original frame sequence shown in FIG. 13A is converted into an analog video signal by a digital / analog converter (D / A) 17. Is displayed on the display 18.
[0070]
By the way, the control circuit 6 supplies the data stored in the ring buffer 5 to the video code buffer 10 in response to the code request signal from the video code buffer 10. When the data transfer amount from the buffer 10 to the inverse VLC circuit 11 decreases, the data transfer amount from the ring buffer 5 to the video code buffer 10 also decreases. Then, the amount of data stored in the ring buffer 5 increases, and there is a possibility that the write pointer WP overtakes the read pointer RP and the ring buffer 5 overflows.
[0071]
For this reason, the data amount currently stored in the ring buffer 5 is calculated based on the address positions of the write pointer WP and the read pointer RP controlled by the control circuit 6, and the data amount is set to a predetermined reference value. Is exceeded, the track jump determining circuit 7 determines that the ring buffer 5 may overflow, and outputs a track jump command to the tracking servo circuit 8.
[0072]
The data transfer rate from the ring buffer 5 to the video coder buffer 10 is set equal to or smaller than the data transfer rate from the ECC circuit 33 to the ring buffer 5. In this manner, a code request for data transfer from the video code buffer 10 to the ring buffer 5 can be freely transmitted regardless of the track jump timing.
As described above, the data reproducing apparatus shown in FIG. 8 causes the pickup 2 to perform a track jump in accordance with the storage capacity of the ring buffer 5, and therefore, regardless of the complexity or flatness of the video recorded on the disk 1. Thus, overflow or underflow of the video code buffer 10 can be prevented, and video of uniform image quality can be continuously reproduced.
[0073]
When video data recorded on the disc 1 is normally reproduced, the picture data I, P, and B on the disc 1 are arranged in the order shown in FIG.₀  , B_-2, B_-1, P₀  , B₀  , B₁  , ... are recorded. In this case, one GOP is composed of 15 frames of pictures, and one I-picture, four P-pictures, and ten B-pictures are included in one GOP.
Here, for normal reproduction, the encoded data is read out in the recorded order, sequentially decoded, and displayed in the order shown in FIG.
[0074]
That is, I picture I₀  During decoding, since the inter-frame prediction is not performed on this type of picture, the decoded output from the inverse DCT circuit 13 is sent to the frame memory bank 16 as it is. Also, B picture B_-2, The previously decoded P picture and I picture I₀  Is sent from the frame memory bank 16 to the motion compensation circuit 15, a motion prediction image is generated based on the motion vector information supplied from the inverse VLC circuit 11, and is supplied to the addition circuit 14. An addition circuit 14 adds the output of the inverse DCT circuit 13 to the B picture B._-2Are decoded and stored in the frame memory bank 16.
[0075]
Furthermore, B picture B_-1In the case of, B picture B_-2B picture B_-2Is stored in the frame memory bank 16 by overwriting any one of the frame memories 16a to 16c of the frame memory bank 16 in which is stored. And P picture P₀  , The I picture I₀  Is transmitted from the frame memory bank 16 to the motion compensation circuit 15, whereby the same processing as described above is performed and decoded. This decoded P picture P₀  Are stored in the frame memory bank 16 by overwriting older data of the I picture and the P picture stored in the frame memory bank 16.
In this way, the pictures are sequentially decoded, read out from the frame memory bank 16 in the display order shown in FIG.
[0076]
Next, fast reverse (FR) reproduction among special reproductions that can be performed by the data decoding device shown in FIG. 8 will be described.
By the way, at the time of reverse reproduction, it is necessary to decode and display in the reverse order of the order recorded on the disc 1. For example, as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, it is assumed that video data is recorded on the disk 1 (however, other than video data is omitted), and a B picture B₀₇Is decoded, the B picture B₀₇To decode the P picture P₀₈, P₀₅Must be decoded in advance. However, P picture P₀₈To decode P picture P₀₅Is required, and P picture P₀₅To decode I picture I₀₂is necessary.
[0077]
Also, B₀₆, P₀₈, B₀₄, B₀₃, P₀₅, B₀₁, B₀₀The same applies to the picture data of the GOP. For this reason, it is necessary to decode from the first I picture of the GOP. When the decoding of one GOP is completed, the control jumps to the immediately preceding GOP and continues decoding.
However, when the reverse reproduction for decoding is performed in this way, decoding must be performed many times in order from the first I picture of the GOP, and a time delay of the display image occurs during the reverse reproduction, resulting in an unnatural display image. It becomes. Therefore, in the present invention, reverse decoding is performed only by using only three frame memories 16a, 16b, and 16c required for normal reproduction by performing only one decoding for one picture as in normal reproduction. Can be done.
[0078]
In order to realize this, the present invention enables high-speed reverse reproduction by decoding only a total of three pictures, i.e., two pictures and an I picture appearing after the entry sector.
Furthermore, according to the present invention, high-speed reverse reproduction can be performed by the PSM detection circuit 40 having a simple configuration without using a stream detector having a complicated configuration as in the related art.
This is because the PSM detection circuit 40 detects the offset byte number information described in the IP IPP descriptor in the PSM, so that the two P pictures appearing after the I picture from the I picture appearing immediately after the entry sector This is because the stream data up to can be written to the ring buffer 5.
[0079]
The operation at the time of high-speed reverse (FR) reproduction will be described with reference to FIG.
FIGS. 9A and 9B show video data recorded on the disk 1 in order. The video data shown in these figures is for 4 GOPs. At the time of R reproduction, the control circuit 6 controls the pickup 2 from the disk 1 to read the video data in the order of the arrows shown below the video data. That is, I picture I₃₂Starting with B picture B₃₀, B picture B₃₁, P picture P₃₅, B picture B₃₃, B picture B₃₄, P picture P₃₈, And then jumps to the previous GOP and returns to the I picture I₂₂The second P picture P from₂₈Is read out. Then, jump to the immediately preceding GOP,₁₂The second P picture P from₁₈To the previous GOP, and jumps to the I picture I₀₂The second P picture P from₀₈Is read out. Thereafter, similarly, video data up to the first I picture located in the GOP and the second P picture located after the I picture are read out by the pickup 2.
[0080]
In this manner, the entry sector can be read because the above-mentioned entry sector is written at the head of each GOP, and the IP IPP descriptor in the entry sector is detected by the PSM detection circuit 40 and supplied to the control circuit 6. It is. At this time, the control circuit 6 controls the pickup 2 so as to read the data of the number of bytes indicated by the bytes_to_second_P_pic information described in the IP IPP descriptor from the head of the entry sector, thereby indicating an arrow in FIG. Video data can be read out in order.
To access the head of the immediately preceding GOP, distance information to the previous entry sector described as an offset address in the PSD in the entry sector is used.
[0081]
The I-picture first located in the GOP and the video data read up to the second P-picture located after the I-picture are separated from the audio data and the like by the demultiplexer 32, and the video code The data is written to the buffer 10. Next, using the detection information of the picture header detection circuit 34, the B picture is discarded so that only the I picture and the P picture are decoded and written into the frame memory bank 16. Then, the image is read from the frame memory bank 16 in the reversed image display order and displayed on the display 18.
[0082]
F. The timing of writing / reading data to / from the frame memory bank 16 controlled during R playback will be described with reference to FIG. However, it is assumed that the frame memory bank 16 includes three frame memories 16a, 16b and 16c as shown in FIG.
In this timing chart, the decoded I picture I which is the first picture in the subsequent GOP shown in FIG.₃₂Starts to be written into the frame memory 16a at time t0, and ends at time t1 one frame later. Next, at time t1, the I picture I₃₂P picture P decoded with reference to₃₅Starts to be written into the frame memory 16b, and the writing ends at time t2 one frame later.
[0083]
Further, at time t2, the P picture P₃₅P picture P decoded with reference to₃₈Starts to be written into the frame memory 16c, and the writing ends at time t3 one frame later. At this time, the P picture P is stored in the frame memory 16c between the time points t2 and t3.₃₈Starts to be read, but at the time when the reading is started, the P picture P is already stored in the frame memory 16c.₃₈Is written for one field, so that the read timing is delayed by one field from the write timing, so that it is possible to perform read and write in the same frame memory in an overlapping manner.
[0084]
Then, the P picture P from the frame memory 16c₃₈The reading ends at an intermediate time point between the time points t3 and t4, but from the time point t3, the decoded I picture I of the immediately preceding GOP is stored in the frame memory 16c.₂₂Starts to be written, and ends at time t4 one frame later.
As described above, the data of a different picture can be written while reading the picture data from the frame memory 16c because the write timing for one field is later than the read timing.
[0085]
Hereinafter, picture data decoded at the timing shown in FIG. 9 is written to the frame memories 16a, 16b, and 16c.
I₃₂, P₃₅, P₃₈, I₂₂, P₂₅, P₂₈, I₁₂, P_Fifteen, P₁₈, I₀₂, P₀₅...
On the other hand, the order of the pictures read from the frame memories 16a, 16b, 16c is as follows, in which the numbers assigned to the pictures are older (larger).
P₃₈, P₃₅, I₃₂, P₂₈, P₂₅, I₂₂, P₁₈, P_Fifteen, I₁₂...
Accordingly, high-speed reverse reproduction can be performed in the image display order shown in FIG.
As described above, in the case where the reverse playback is performed without decoding one picture only once, when three frame memories are used, three images can be reversely played per GOP, and the number of frame memories can be reduced. It is not possible to perform reverse playback beyond that.
[0086]
At the time of reverse reproduction, the number assigned to the picture is detected from the frame memory bank 16 and the picture is read out in the order of the older number, but the temporal reference (the number indicating the display order of the picture) is used. TR) is reset at the beginning of the GOP, and its value is set to 0 to 1023.
[0087]
Next, the case where high-speed forward (FF) reproduction is performed in the data decoding device shown in FIG. 8 will be described with reference to FIG. FIGS. 11A and 11B show 4 GOPs of video data recorded on the disk 1, and an F.F. The order of video data read out from the disk 1 by the pickup 2 during F playback is shown.
F. Even during F playback, As in the case of R reproduction, the PSM detection circuit 40 detects the IP IPP descriptor in the entry sector written at the head of each GOP and supplies it to the control circuit 6. As a result, the control circuit 6 controls the pickup 2 so as to read the data for the number of bytes indicated by the bytes_to_second_P_pic information described in the IP IPP descriptor from the head of the entry sector, thereby obtaining the data shown in FIG. Video data can be read in the order shown by the arrows.
[0088]
Of the video data thus read, the B picture is discarded by the detection information of the picture header detection circuit 34, and only the I picture and the P picture are decoded. The decoded I picture and P picture are read from the frame memory bank 16 in the order of decoding and displayed on the display 18. The image display order at this time is as shown in FIG.
I₀₂→ P₀₅→ P₀₈→ I₁₂→ P_Fifteen→ P₁₈→ I₂₂→ P₂₅→ P₂₈→ I₃₂→ P₃₅→ P₃₈
And F. F playback can be performed.
[0089]
In the above description, the number of frame memories in the frame memory bank 16 has been described as three, but the number of frame memories is not limited to this and may be any number. In this case, high-speed reverse (FR) reproduction using the same number of I pictures and P pictures as the number of frame memories becomes possible.
Therefore, when the frame memory bank 16 has two frame memories 16a and 16b, the F.R. The description of the R reproduction will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIGS. 12A and 12B show video data recorded on the disk 1 in order. The video data shown in these figures is for 4 GOPs, and F.F. At the time of R reproduction, the control circuit 6 controls the pickup 2 from the disk 1 to read the video data in the order of the arrows shown below the video data.
[0090]
That is, I picture I₃₂Starting with B picture B₃₀, B picture B₃₁, P picture P₃₅, And then jumps to the previous GOP and returns to the I picture I₂₂From the first P picture P₂₅Is read out. Then, jump to the immediately preceding GOP,₁₂From the first P picture P_FifteenTo the previous GOP, and jumps to the I picture I₀₂From the first P picture P₀₅Is read out. Thereafter, similarly, video data up to the first I picture located in the GOP and the first (first) P picture located after the I picture are read by the pickup 2.
[0091]
This is because the bytes_to_first_P_pic described in the IP IPP descriptor in the entry sector written at the head of each GOP is detected by the PSM detection circuit 40 and supplied to the control circuit 6. That is, the control circuit 6 controls the pickup 2 so as to read the data of the number of bytes indicated by the bytes_to_first_P_pic information described in the IP IPP descriptor from the head of the entry sector, thereby controlling the pickup 2 in the order indicated by the arrow in FIG. Can read the video data.
[0092]
The I-picture first located in the GOP and the video data read up to the first P-picture located after the I-picture are separated from audio data and the like by the demultiplexer 32, and Written to 10. Next, using the detection information of the picture header detection circuit 34, the B picture is discarded so that only the I picture and the P picture are decoded and written into the frame memory bank 16 having a capacity of two pictures. Then, the image data is read from the frame memory bank 16 in the image display order and displayed on the display 18.
[0093]
FIG. 13 shows the timing of writing / reading to / from the two-capacity frame memory bank 16 controlled in this manner.
In this timing diagram, the decoded I picture I which is the first picture in the subsequent GOP shown in FIG.₃₂Starts to be written into the frame memory 16a at time t0, and ends at time t1 one frame later. Next, at time t1, the I picture I₃₂P picture P decoded with reference to₃₅Starts to be written into the frame memory 16b, and the writing ends at time t2 one frame later.
[0094]
At this time, the P picture P is stored in the frame memory 16b between the time points t1 and t2.₃₅Starts to be read, but at the time when the reading is started, the P picture P is already stored in the frame memory 16b.₃₅Is written for one field, the read timing is delayed by one field from the write timing, so that reading and writing can be performed in the same frame memory 16b in an overlapping manner.
[0095]
Then, the P picture P from the frame memory 16b₃₅Is completed at an intermediate time point between the time points t2 and t3, but from the time point t2, the decoded I picture I of the immediately preceding GOP is stored in the frame memory 16b.₂₂Starts to be written, and ends at time t3 one frame later.
As described above, the data of a different picture can be written while reading the picture data from the frame memory 16b because the write timing for one field is later than the read timing.
[0096]
Further, the I picture I is stored in the frame memory 16a between the time points t2 and t3.₃₂Starts to be read, and after one field delay from the start of the reading, the decoded P picture P is stored in the frame memory 16a.₂₅Is written. I picture I₃₂Is read out for one frame between the time points t3 and t4, and the I picture I is read from the frame memory 16a.₃₂Followed by P picture P₂₅Are read for one frame. Further, from the time point t4 to the time point t5, the I picture I of the previous GOP is stored in the frame memory 16a.₁₂Is written for one frame.
[0097]
Hereinafter, the picture data decoded at the timing shown in FIG. 11 is written into the frame memories 16a and 16b.
I₃₂, P₃₅, I₂₂, P₂₅, I₁₂, P_Fifteen, I₀₂, P₀₅...
On the other hand, the order of pictures read from the frame memories 16a and 16b is such that the numbers assigned to the pictures are older (larger) as follows.
P₃₅, I₃₂, P₂₅, I₂₂, P_Fifteen, I₁₂, P₀₅, I₀₂...
Accordingly, even with two frame memories, high-speed reverse reproduction can be performed in the image display order shown in FIG.
[0098]
In the above example, one I-picture and two or one P-picture are displayed per GOP during special playback, but only I-pictures may be decoded and displayed. In this case, information for detecting the number of bytes until the end of the I picture is recorded in the PSD. Specifically, in the Program Stream Directory defined by the MPEG System (ISO13818-1), information on an I picture immediately after the PSD is recorded as a reference access unit, and among the information, PES_header_offset_offset, offset_offset_offset_offset_offset, offset By adding the three values, the number of bytes from the first byte of the PSD to the end of the I picture is calculated.
[0099]
Further, when the capacity of the frame memory exceeds three, the special reproduction may be performed by decoding the pictures exceeding three. In this case, the data length information is written in the PSM so that three or more P pictures appearing after the I picture can be accessed.
In addition, while the jump to the adjacent GOP is repeated during the special reproduction, the special reproduction may be performed by jumping to a distant GOP.
[0100]
By the way, in the present invention, the jump of the pickup 2 is accompanied during the special reproduction. However, since the video data has a different degree of compression depending on the picture type and the nature of the image, the rate of the video data is variable. For this reason, the seek time is not constant, and the F.X. F / F. It may be difficult to perform R reproduction.
Therefore, by controlling the seek time or the display interval by the system controller and changing the distance of the next seek according to the measured time, the speed control can be performed by feedback control. In this case, the speed control may be performed in such a way that if a certain seek takes time, the next seek is performed to jump a little further in GOP units to increase the distance.
Although the embodiment using the optical recording medium has been described in the present invention, the recording / reproducing method and apparatus of the present invention can be applied to a case where data is transferred by wire or wirelessly.
[0101]
【The invention's effect】
As can be understood from the above description, the disc-shaped data recording medium of the present invention enables special reproduction with only a frame memory required for normal reproduction by a simplified configuration, and enables data decoding. The device can be provided at low cost. Further, it is possible to provide a data encoding device that can perform encoding so that trick play can be performed with a simplified configuration.
In addition, since special reproduction such as reverse reproduction can be configured with a minimum circuit scale, the size of a substrate and a special reproduction device for encoded data can be reduced, and power consumption is reduced, so that heat generation is minimized. And the configuration for heat dissipation can be minimized. For this reason, reverse playback can be performed even in a portable playback device.
[0102]
Further, at the time of special reproduction, three reproduction modes of reproducing only an I picture, reproducing one I picture and one P picture, and reproducing two I pictures and two P pictures are switched for each access, and the pictures loaded and displayed per access The speed of the trick play may be controlled by changing the number.
Furthermore, F.I. Since one or two P pictures as well as I pictures can be reproduced at the time of F reproduction, the scene is displayed smoothly, and a visually preferable display can be performed. Note that even if two P pictures are read in addition to the I picture, the read time may be about twice as long as when only the I picture is read.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an embodiment of a data encoding device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a multiplexed stream encoded by the data encoding device of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a layout of an entry sector according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a PSM Syntax of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an Elementary Descriptor Syntax of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing contents of an IP IPP descriptor of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing Global Descriptors Syntax of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of a data decoding device of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an order of video data read by a pickup at the time of high-speed reverse playback of the data decoding device of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing write / read timings of the frame memory at the time of high-speed reverse reproduction of the data decoding device of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an order of video data read by a pickup at the time of high-speed forward reproduction of the data decoding device of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing another example of the order of video data read by the pickup at the time of high-speed reverse playback of the data decoding device of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a diagram showing timings of writing / reading to / from two frame memories at the time of high-speed reverse playback of the data decoding device of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a structure of inter-frame prediction and a structure of a recording frame in the MPEG system.
FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a conventional MPEG system stream and an MPEG video stream.
FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the contents of a Picture Header in the MPEG system.
FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating the contents of Picture coding extension in the MPEG system.
FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional data decoding device.
FIG. 19 is a diagram showing the configuration of video data of a frame structure and video data of a field structure.
FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a table of picture_structure.
FIG. 21 is a diagram for describing a method for identifying video data having a field / frame structure.
FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating a flowchart of a stream detector that loads three pieces of picture data of I, P, and P when video data having a field / frame structure is mixed.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 disk, 2 pickup, 3 demodulation circuit, 4 sector detection circuit, 5 ring buffer, 6 control circuit, 7 track jump judgment circuit, 8 tracking servo circuit, 9 PLL circuit, 10 video code buffer, 11 reverse VLC circuit, 12 reverse Quantization circuit, 13 inverse DCT circuit, 14 adder, 15 motion compensation circuit, 16 frame memory bank, 17 D / A converter, 18 display, 31 user interface, 32 demultiplexer, 33 ECC circuit, 34 picture header detector 35 picture data selection circuit, 40 PSM detection circuit, 50 stream detector, 101 video encoder, 102 audio encoder, 110 DSM, 113 multiplexer, 113A entry point data storage circuit, 150 OC data generating circuit, 151 a sector header adding circuit, 152 ECC encoder, 153 a modulation circuit, 154 cutting machine, 155 picture header detection and PSM data generator and overwriting circuit, 156 TOC data generating circuit, 160 a disk

Claims (4)

Te manufacturing method smell of the disc-shaped data recording medium,
Frame in the encoded image data, and with including a plurality of inter-frame forward predictive coded picture data obtained by using the correlation in the time axis direction over a plurality of frames, said from the intra-frame coded image data Receiving recording data including position information indicating the position of data up to a predetermined number of inter-frame forward prediction encoded image data following the intra-frame encoded image data,
Generating a first disk having a track composed of pits based on the received recording data;
A method for manufacturing a disc-shaped data recording medium , comprising: copying a second disc on which optically readable data is recorded, based on the first disc . The location information, A method of manufacturing a disc-shaped data recording medium according to claim 1, characterized in that arranged in front of the intra-frame coded picture. 2. The disk-shaped data according to claim 1, wherein the position information indicates the position of the intra-frame coded image and one inter-frame forward prediction coded image following the intra-frame coded image. 3. Manufacturing method of recording medium. The disk according to claim 1, wherein the position information represents the position of the intra-frame coded image and a second inter-frame forward prediction coded image following the intra-frame coded image. Manufacturing method of a shape data recording medium.

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