JP3540314B2 - Motor drive - Google Patents

Description

式（１）で用いられている係数α［Ｎ／Ａ］、Ｒ［Ω］、Ｌ［Ｈ］はモータ固有の定数であるため、時間的に変化する変数は、可動子の速度の瞬時値ｖ(t)［ｍ／ｓ］を示すベクトルｖ、駆動電圧の瞬時値Ｖd(t)［Ｖ］を示すベクトルV、及び駆動電流の瞬時値Ｉd(t)［Ａ］を示すベクトルIである。
【０１４９】
図７(a)〜図７(d)は、式（１）における変数を示すベクトル図である。これらの図７(a)〜図７(d)では、速度の瞬時値ｖ(t)［ｍ／ｓ］、駆動電圧の瞬時値Ｖd(t)［Ｖ］、及び駆動電流の瞬時値Ｉd(t)［Ａ］の位相関係が、それぞれの値に対応する速度ベクトルｖ、電圧ベクトルＶ、及び電流ベクトルＩを用いて示されている。
【０１５０】
また、図７(a)〜図７(d)では、駆動電流Ｉd(t)の位相を基準に、上記等価回路の各回路要素にて生じる端子電圧がベクトルで示されている。なお、図中、ωは、リニア振動モータに供給する交流電流Ｉd(t)の周波数、α・ｖは、誘起電圧Ｖind（＝α×ｖ(t)）を示す電圧ベクトル、Ｒ・Ｉは等価抵抗の端子電圧Ｒ・Ｉd(t)を示す電圧ベクトル、ω・Ｌ・Ｉは等価インダクタンスの端子電圧ω・L・Ｉd(t)を示す電圧ベクトル、Ｖ０〜Ｖ３はリニア振動モータに印加する電圧（Ｖd(t)）を示す電圧ベクトルである。また、φはリニア振動モータに供給する電圧Ｖd(t)と電流Ｉd(t)の位相差であり、βはリニア振動モータに供給する電流Ｉd(t)と、誘起電圧Ｖind（＝α・ｖ(t)）との位相差である。
【０１５１】
リニア振動モータ１００の力学的特性は、図６(b)に示す１自由度粘性減衰振動系でモデル化される。なお、１自由度粘性減衰振動系は、１自由度振動系、つまり質量Ｍが１方向（Ｙ方向）に振動可能となるようバネＳで基部Ｂに対して支持された振動系に、上記質量の振動を減衰させるダンパＤを付加してなるものである。
【０１５２】
そして、リニア振動モータの駆動状態では、図７(a)〜図７(d)に示すように、誘起電圧Ｖind（＝α・ｖ(t)）を示す電圧ベクトルα・ｖと、等価抵抗の端子電圧Ｒ・Ｉd(t)を示す電圧ベクトルＲ・Ｉと、等価インダクタンスの端子電圧ω・Ｌ・Ｉd(t)を示す電圧ベクトルω・Ｌ・Ｉとの和は、印加電圧Ｖdを示す電圧ベクトルＶと等しくなる。
【０１５３】
また、リニア振動モータが共振状態にあるときは、リニア振動モータ１００の可動子の速度ｖ(t)と、可動子を動かす電磁力との位相が等しい。また、リニア振動モータでは、誘起電圧Ｖind（＝α・ｖ(t)）は、可動子の速度ｖ(t)の定数倍であり、さらに供給する電流Ｉd(t)と可動子を動かす力とは比例関係にある。従って、リニア振動モータの共振状態であるとき（電圧ベクトルＶ＝Ｖ０）、駆動電流Ｉd(t)の位相と誘起電圧Ｖind（＝α・ｖ(t)）の位相が等しくなる（図７(a)参照）。
【０１５４】
同様に、リニア振動モータに繰返し印加される加振力の周波数、つまり駆動電流Ｉd(t)の周波数が共振周波数より低い場合（電圧ベクトルＶ＝Ｖ１）は、リニア振動モータの可動子の速度ｖ(t)の位相が、可動子を動かす電磁力の位相（駆動電流Ｉd(t)の位相）より位相差βだけ遅れ（図７(b)参照）、逆に、上記加振力の周波数が共振周波数より高い場合（電圧ベクトルＶ＝Ｖ２）は、リニア振動モータの可動子の速度ｖ(t)の位相が、可動子を動かす電磁力の位相、つまり駆動電流Ｉd(t)の位相より位相差βだけ進む（図７(c)参照）。
【０１５５】
そこで、図７(d)から分かるように、リニア振動モータ１００に供給する電流Ｉd(t)の周波数ωをリニア振動モータの共振周波数より高い適当な周波数に選ぶことにより、供給電流Ｉd(t)の位相と供給電圧Ｖd(t)の位相とが等しくなる。このときの電圧ベクトルＶはＶ３（｜Ｖ３｜＜｜Ｖ２｜＜｜Ｖ０｜＜｜Ｖ１｜）となる。
【０１５６】
このように供給電流Ｉd(t)の周波数ωを共振周波数より高い周波数とした場合（図７(d)参照）、リニア振動モータへの供給電流Ｉd(t)の周波数ωが、リニア振動モータの共振周波数である場合（図７(a)参照）に比べて、リニア振動モータへの印加電圧Ｖ（＝V３＜V０）が小さくなる。
【０１５７】
従って、モータドライバ１ａの出力電圧の限界により、リニア振動モータに印加する交流電圧Ｖｄの振幅値を大きくすることができない場合、リニア振動モータに供給する交流電圧の周波数を共振周波数より高い妥当な周波数に設定することにより、要求される印加電圧の振幅値を、モータ出力を一定に保持した状態で下げることができ、これにより、リニア振動モータをより高い出力域で駆動することが可能となる。
【０１５８】
このように本実施の形態５のモータ駆動装置１０５では、リニア振動モータ１００に要求されるモータ出力を決定する指令出力決定部３と、リニア振動モータ１００が発生するモータ出力を検出する出力検出部４と、該検出されたモータ出力及び要求されるモータ出力に基づいて、リニア振動モータ１００に印加する交流電圧の振幅値を決定する駆動電圧決定部７とを備え、リニア振動モータ１００への印加電圧の振幅値を、モータ出力が、要求される出力に一致するよう決定するとともに、上記決定された印加電圧の振幅値が定められた一定値を超えるまでは、リニア振動モータの駆動周波数を共振周波数とし、上記交流電圧の要求される振幅値が一定値を超えたとき、リニア振動モータの駆動周波数を、共振周波数より高い周波数に設定するので、上記決定された印加電圧の振幅値が一定値を超えるまでは、リニア振動モータを最高の効率で駆動することができ、上記決定された印加電圧の振幅値が一定値を超えたときには、リニア振動モータの駆動周波数の調整により、モータ出力を一定に保持しつつ、供給電圧の振幅値を減少させることができる。この結果、電源電圧の制限によりリニア振動モータの共振周波数での駆動が不可能な高出力領域でも、リニア振動モータを駆動することができる。
【０１５９】
言い換えると、本実施の形態５のモータ駆動装置１０５では、リニア振動モータの駆動電圧の振幅を許容される最大振幅に保持し、しかもその駆動周波数をできるだけ共振周波数に近い周波数に設定することにより、駆動効率をできるだけ低下させることなく、共振周波数での駆動では発生不可能な高いモータ出力を発生することができる。
【０１６０】
なお、上記実施の形態５では、上記駆動周波数決定部２ｄは、駆動周波数の決定を、駆動電圧決定部７により決定された駆動電圧の振幅値が、一定の基準値を超えているか否かに応じて行うものとしたが、これは以下の方法を用いることもできる。
【０１６１】
＜駆動周波数の決定方法の変形例１＞
図５(b)は、実施の形態５の駆動周波数の決定方法において、２つの基準値を用いた例を説明する図である。
この変形例１では、駆動周波数決定部２ｄは、図５(b)に示すように、駆動周波数Ｆｘの決定に、第１の基準値Ａb1とこれより小さい第２の基準値Ａb2を用いる。そして、駆動周波数決定部２ｄは、上記ストロークが増加している状態（図５(b)中の矢印Ｘ２参照）では、上記決定振幅値Ａｘを第１の基準値Ａb1と比較し、ストロークが減少している状態（図５(b)中の矢印Y２参照）では、決定振幅値Ａｘを第２の基準値Ａb2と比較して、上記駆動周波数Ｆｘを決定する。なお、図５(b)中、Ａlimは、決定振幅値Ａｘの最大値であり、具体的な駆動周波数Ｆｘの決定方法は、図３(b)で示す、駆動周波数Ｆｘを検出位置Ｐｘに基づいて決定する方法と同じである。
【０１６２】
このように２つの基準値を用いて駆動周波数を決定する方法では、決定振幅値が基準値付近で変化する場合でも、駆動周波数の決定を安定に行うことが可能となる。
【０１６３】
＜駆動周波数の決定方法の変形例２＞
図５(c)は、上記実施の形態５の駆動周波数の決定方法において、基準値に代わる一定範囲を危険ゾーンとして用いた例を説明する図である。
この変形例２では、上記駆動周波数決定部２ｄは、図５(c)に示すように、上記駆動周波数Ｆｘを、上記決定振幅値Ａｘが、基準値Ａrbと限界値Alimとの間に予め定められている一定の危険ゾーンＺ２内に入った場合、決定された振幅値Ａｘに応じて上記駆動周波数Ｆｘを変化させる。
【０１６４】
ここで、上記危険ゾーンＺ２の下限値Ａrbは、上記実施の形態５で用いた一定の基準値と一致しており、上記危険ゾーンＺ２の上限値Ａruは限界値Ａlimから一定量だけ小さい値となっている。また、上記危険ゾーンＺ２では、上記決定振幅値Ａｘと駆動周波数Ｆｘとの関係は、一次単調増加関数となっている。上記決定振幅値Ａｘが上記危険ゾーンＺ２の下限値Ａrbより小さいとき、駆動周波数Ｆｘが共振周波数Ｆresoに保持され、また、上記決定振幅値Ａｘが危険ゾーンＺ２の上限値Ａruを超えると、駆動周波数Ｆｘは、該共振周波数から最も離れた、最大の周波数Ｆmaxに設定される。
【０１６５】
なお、上記危険ゾーンＺ２での駆動周波数Ｆｘの設定には、上記のような一次単調増加関数に限らず、上記決定振幅値Ａｘと上記危険ゾーンＺ２の下限値Ａrbとの差分の大きさと、駆動周波数として用いられる周波数の値との対応を示すテーブルや他の関数などが用いられる。
【０１６６】
このように危険ゾーンを用いて駆動周波数を決定する方法では、決定振幅値Ａｘが危険ゾーンＺ２の下限値Ａrbより小さいときには、リニア振動モータを共振周波数で最も効率よく駆動することができ、また、決定振幅値Ａｘが危険ゾーンＺ２内にあるときには、可動子の衝突や可動子の支持バネの破損を回避しつつ、駆動効率の低下をできるだけ抑えることができる。
【０１６７】
（実施の形態６）
図８(a)は、本発明の実施の形態６によるモータ駆動装置を説明するためのブロック図である。
この実施の形態６のモータ駆動装置１０６は、実施の形態５のモータ駆動装置１０５の駆動周波数決定部２ｄに代えて、モータドライバ１ａの出力交流電圧Ｖｄを検出する供給電圧検出部８と、該検出されたモータドライバ１ａの出力電圧に基づいて駆動周波数を決定する駆動周波数決定部２ｅとを備えたものである。この実施の形態６のモータ駆動装置１０６のその他の構成は、実施の形態５のモータ駆動装置１０５のものと同一である。
【０１６８】
すなわち、本実施の形態６のモータ駆動装置１０６の、モータドライバ１ａ、指令出力検出部３、出力検出部４、共振周波数決定部６、及び駆動周波数決定部７は、実施の形態５のモータ駆動装置１０５のものと同一である。
【０１６９】
そして、供給電圧検出部８は、モータドライバ１ａがリニア振動モータ１００に供給する交流電圧の電圧値を検出し、該検出した電圧値を示す電圧検出信号Ｄdvを出力するものである。ここでは、電圧検出信号Ｄdvは、モータドライバ１ａの出力電圧の振幅値を示しており、この振幅値の具体的な検出方法には、抵抗分圧による検出方法がある。
【０１７０】
駆動周波数決定部２ｅは、供給電圧検出部８からの電圧検出信号Ｄdvが示す電圧値が、予め設定されている基準値を超えているか否かに応じて、リニア振動モータ１００の駆動周波数を決定するものである。
【０１７１】
つまり、駆動周波数決定部２ｅは、上記電圧検出信号Ｄdvが示す電圧値が、定められた一定の基準値を超えていない場合は、上記リニア振動モータの駆動周波数を、共振周波数決定部６の出力信号Ｄresoが示す共振周波数に設定し、一方、上記検出された電圧値が、定められた一定の基準値を超えている場合は、リニア振動モータ１００の駆動周波数を、共振周波数決定部６の出力信号Ｄresoが示す共振周波数より高い周波数に決定するものである。
【０１７２】
なお、本実施の形態６では、駆動周波数決定部２ｅは、駆動電圧検出部８からの電圧検出信号Ｄdvが示す電圧値を、予め設定されている一定の基準値と比較するものとしているが、駆動周波数決定部２ｅは、駆動電圧検出部８からの電圧検出信号Ｄdvが示す電圧値を、モータドライバ１ａに入力される直流電源の電圧値、あるいは該直流電源の電圧値を用いた所定の計算により求められる電圧値と比較するものであってもよい。
【０１７３】
次に動作について説明する。
本実施の形態６では、モータ駆動装置１０６は、リニア振動モータ１００に印加する交流電圧の振幅値を、該モータ出力が、要求されるモータ出力に一致するよう調整しつつ、上記リニア振動モータ１００を、その駆動電圧の検出レベルに応じた駆動周波数で駆動する。
【０１７４】
すなわち、このモータ駆動装置１０６では、モータドライバ１ａの出力交流電圧Ｖｄがリニア振動モータ１００に印加され、リニア振動モータの運転が開始されると、出力検出部４では、上記リニア振動モータ１００が発生するモータ出力Ｏmpが検出され、該検出されたモータ出力を示す出力検出信号Ｄopが駆動電圧決定部７に出力される。指令出力決定部３では、上記リニア振動モータ１００に要求されるモータ出力である目標出力が決定され、該決定された目標出力を示す出力指令信号Ｏopが駆動電圧決定部７に出力される。
【０１７５】
すると、駆動電圧決定部７では、出力検出信号Ｄop及び出力指令信号Ｏopに基づいて、リニア振動モータ１００の駆動電圧の振幅値が決定され、該決定された振幅値を示す電圧振幅値信号Ｏdvがモータドライバ１ａに供給される。
【０１７６】
供給電圧検出部８では、上記モータドライバ１ａの出力電圧、つまりリニア振動モータ１００に供給される実際の交流電圧Ｖｄの電圧値が検出され、検出された交流電圧の電圧値を示す電圧検出信号Ｄdvが上記駆動周波数決定部２ｅに出力される。
また、共振周波数決定部６からは、リニア振動モータ１００の共振周波数を示す共振周波数信号Ｄresoが駆動周波数決定部２ｅに出力される。
【０１７７】
すると、駆動周波数決定部２ｅでは、上記共振周波数信号Ｄreso及び電圧検出出力Ｄdvに基づいて、リニア振動モータ１００の駆動周波数が決定され、該決定された駆動周波数を示す駆動周波数信号Ｉfrが上記モータドライバ１ａに出力される。
【０１７８】
具体的には、駆動周波数決定部２ｅでは、検出された印加電圧の電圧値が、定められた一定の基準値を超えていない場合は、上記リニア振動モータの駆動周波数が、上記共振周波数決定部の出力が示す共振周波数に決定され、一方、上記検出された印加電圧の電圧値が、定められた一定の基準値を超えている場合は、リニア振動モータ１００の駆動周波数が、上記共振周波数決定部６の出力が示す共振周波数より高い周波数に決定される。
【０１７９】
そして、モータドライバ１ａでは、電圧振幅値信号Ｏdv及び周波数指示信号Ｉfrに基づいて、リニア振動モータに印加する交流電圧Ｖｄが、その周波数が上記駆動周波数決定部２ｅにより決定された駆動周波数と一致し、かつその振幅値が駆動電圧決定部７により決定された振幅値となるよう調整される。
【０１８０】
このように本実施の形態６のモータ駆動装置１０６では、リニア振動モータ１００のモータ出力Ｏmpを検出する出力検出部４と、モータドライバ１ａからリニア振動モータ１００への印加電圧Ｖｄの電圧値を検出する供給電圧検出部８とを備え、上記リニア振動モータ１００に印加されるモータドライバの出力電圧の振幅値を、モータ出力が、要求されるモータ出力に一致するよう調整しつつ、リニア振動モータを、上記モータドライバの出力電圧の検出値に応じた駆動周波数で駆動するので、低出力領域では、最大効率でリニア振動モータを駆動し、高出力領域では、駆動電圧の最大振幅により決まる最大出力以上のモータ出力を発生することができる。
【０１８１】
つまり、ドライバの出力交流電圧の検出値が一定の基準値を超えるまでは、リニア振動モータのモータ出力と、リニア振動モータに要求されるモータ出力とに差がある場合でも、リニア振動モータの駆動周波数を共振周波数に設定した状態で、モータ出力を駆動電圧の振幅値により調整して、リニア振動モータを最大効率でもって駆動することができる。また、上記ドライバ出力電圧の検出レベルが一定レベルを超えたときには、駆動電圧の振幅値を増大せずに、リニア振動モータの駆動周波数を共振周波数より高くして、要求されるモータ出力を発生することができる。これにより、リニア振動モータを、電源の電圧レベルの制約を受けることなく、しかもモータ駆動効率の低下を極力抑えつつ、高出力領域で駆動することができ、また、可動子とモータ筐体との衝突や支持バネの破損を起こりにくくすることもできる。
【０１８２】
さらに、上記ドライバ出力電圧の検出レベルが一定レベルを超えている状態では、検出レベルの減少に応じて、駆動周波数を共振周波数に近い周波数に変更するようにすれば、要求されるモータ出力が、ドライバ出力電圧の検出レベルが一定レベル以下となる程度に減少した場合には、駆動周波数をスムーズに共振周波数に戻すことができる。
【０１８３】
なお、上記実施の形態６では、上記駆動周波数決定部２ｅは、駆動周波数の決定を、駆動電圧検出部８により検出された駆動電圧の電圧値（検出電圧値）が、一定の基準値を超えているか否かに応じて行うものとしたが、これは以下の方法を用いることもできる。
【０１８４】
＜駆動周波数の決定方法の変形例１＞
図８(b)は、実施の形態６の駆動周波数の決定方法において、２つの基準値を用いた例を説明する図である。
この変形例１では、駆動周波数決定部２ｅは、図８(b)に示すように、駆動周波数Ｆｘの決定に、第１の基準値Ｖb1とこれより小さい第２の基準値Ｖb2を用いる。そして、駆動周波数決定部２ｅは、上記ストロークが増加している状態（図８(b)中の矢印Ｘ３参照）では、上記検出電圧値Ｖｘを第１の基準値Ｖb1と比較し、ストロークが減少している状態（図８(b)中の矢印Ｙ３参照）では、検出電圧値Ｖｘを第２の基準値Ｖb2と比較して、上記駆動周波数を決定する。なお、図８(b)中、Ｖlimは、検出電圧値Ｖｘの最大値であり、具体的な駆動周波数Ｆｘの決定方法は、図３(b)で示す、駆動周波数Ｆｘを検出位置Ｐｘに基づいて決定する方法と同じである。
【０１８５】
このように２つの基準値を用いて駆動周波数を決定する方法では、上記検出電圧値が基準値付近で変化する場合でも、駆動周波数の決定を安定に行うことが可能となる。
【０１８６】
＜駆動周波数の決定方法の変形例２＞
図８(c)は、上記実施の形態６の駆動周波数の決定方法において、基準値に代わる一定範囲を危険ゾーンとして用いた例を説明する図である。
この変形例２では、駆動周波数決定部２ｅは、図８(c)に示すように、上記駆動周波数Ｆｘを、上記検出電圧値Ｖｘが、基準値Ｖrbと限界値Ｖlimとの間に予め定められている一定の危険ゾーンＺ３内に入った場合、検出電圧値Ｖｘの変化に応じて上記駆動周波数Ｆｘを変化させる。
【０１８７】
ここで、上記危険ゾーンＺ３の下限値Ｖrbは、上記実施の形態６で用いた一定の基準値と一致しており、上記危険ゾーンＺ３の上限値Ｖruは限界値Ｖlimから一定量だけ小さい値となっている。また、上記危険ゾーンＺ３では、上記検出電圧値Ｖｘと駆動周波数Ｆｘとの関係は、一次単調増加関数となっている。上記電圧検出値Ｖｘが上記危険ゾーンＺ３の下限値Ｖｂ２より小さいとき、駆動周波数Ｆｘが共振周波数Ｆresoに保持され、また、上記電圧検出値Ｖｘが危険ゾーンＺ３の上限値Ｖruを超えると、駆動周波数Ｆｘは、該共振周波数から最も離れた、最大の周波数Ｆmaxに設定される。
【０１８８】
なお、上記危険ゾーンＺ３での駆動周波数の設定には、上記一次単調増加関数に限らず、上記電圧検出値Ｖｘと上記危険ゾーンＺ３の下限値Ｖrbとの差分と、駆動周波数として用いられる周波数の値との対応を示すテーブルやその他の関数などが用いられる。
【０１８９】
このように危険ゾーンを用いて駆動周波数を決定する方法では、電圧検出値Ｖｘが危険ゾーンＺ３の下限値Ｖrbより小さいときには、リニア振動モータを共振周波数で最も効率よく駆動することができ、また、電圧検出値Ｖｘが危険ゾーンＺ３内にあるときには、可動子の衝突や可動子の支持バネの破損を回避しつつ、駆動効率の低下をできるだけ抑えることができる。
【０１９０】
（実施の形態７）
図９は、本発明の実施の形態７による圧縮機駆動装置を説明する模式図である。
この実施の形態７の圧縮機駆動装置２０７は、空気やガスなどを圧縮する圧縮機４０を駆動するものである。ここで、該圧縮機４０の動力源は、リニア振動モータ４６であり、これは実施の形態１のリニア振動モータ１００と同じものである。また、上記圧縮機駆動装置２０７は、該リニア振動モータ４６を駆動するモータ駆動装置であり、実施の形態１のモータ駆動装置１０１と同じ構成を有している。なお、以下、この実施の形態７の圧縮機４０はリニア圧縮機と呼び、このリニア圧縮機４０について簡単に説明する。
【０１９１】
このリニア圧縮機４０は、所定の軸線に沿って並ぶシリンダ部４１ａと、モータ部４１ｂとを有している。該シリンダ部４１ａ内には、上記軸線方向に沿って摺動自在に支持されたピストン４２が配置されている。シリンダ部４１ａとモータ部４１ｂとにまたがって、その一端がピストン４２の背面側に固定されたピストンロッド４２ａが配置され、ピストンロッド４２ａの他端側には、該ピストンロッド４２ａを軸線方向に付勢する支持ばね４３が設けられている。
【０１９２】
また、上記ピストンロッド４２ａには、マグネット４４が取り付けられており、上記モータ部４１ｂの、マグネット４４に対向する部分には、アウターヨーク４５ａとこれに埋設されたステータコイル４５ｂとからなる電磁石４５が取り付けられている。このリニア圧縮機４０では、電磁石４５と、上記ピストンロッド４２ａに取り付けられたマグネット４４とによりリニア振動モータ４６が構成されている。従って、このリニア圧縮機４０では、この電磁石４５とマグネット４４との間で発生する電磁力及び上記ばね４３の弾性力により、上記ピストン４２がその軸線方向に沿って往復運動する。
【０１９３】
さらに、シリンダ部４１ａ内には、シリンダ上部内面４７ａ、ピストン圧縮面４２ｂ、及びシリンダ周壁面４１ｂにより囲まれた密閉空間である圧縮室４８が形成されている。シリンダ上部内面４７ａには、ガス側流通路から圧縮室４８に低圧ガスＬｇを吸入するためのガス側吸入管４０ａの一端が開口している。また、上記シリンダ上部内面４７ａには、上記圧縮室４８からガス側流通路へ高圧ガスＨｇを吐出するための吐出管４０ｂの一端が開口している。上記吸入管４０ａ及び吐出管４０ｂには、ガスの逆流を防止する吸入弁４９ａ及び吐出弁４９ｂが取り付けられている。
【０１９４】
そして、この実施の形態７のモータ駆動装置２０７は、外部電源１０の直流出力電圧Ｖｐを交流駆動電圧Ｖｄに変換して、この圧縮機４０のリニア振動モータ４６に供給するものである。つまり、モータ駆動装置２０７は、実施の形態１のものと同様、図１に示すように、モータドライバ１，駆動周波数決定部２，及び指令出力決定部３を有している。このモータ駆動装置２０７は、リニア振動モータ４６に要求されるモータ出力を、リニア振動モータ４６に印加する交流駆動電圧Ｖｄの周波数を調整して制御する。
【０１９５】
このような構成のリニア圧縮機４０では、モータ駆動装置２０７からリニア振動モータ４６への駆動電圧の断続的な印加により、ピストン４２がその軸線方向に往復動し、圧縮室４８への低圧ガスＬｇの吸入、圧縮室４８でのガスの圧縮、及び圧縮された高圧ガスＨｇの圧縮室４８からの排出が繰り返し行われる。
【０１９６】
そして、リニア圧縮機４０の動作状態では、リニア振動モータ４６の運転状態に基づいてリニア振動モータ４６に要求されるモータ出力が決定され、該決定されたモータ出力に基づいてリニア振動モータ４６の駆動周波数が決定され、さらに、該決定された駆動周波数と一致した周波数を有する振幅値一定の交流電圧Ｖｄがリニア振動モータ４６に印加される。
【０１９７】
このように本実施の形態７のリニア圧縮機４０では、その動力源であるリニア振動モータ４６のモータ出力を、リニア振動モータ４６に印加する交流電圧の周波数を調整して制御するので、リニア圧縮機４０の出力を、そのリニア振動モータに印加する駆動電圧のレベルを変えずに制御でき、その出力制御が簡単になる。また、リニア圧縮機４０の出力を駆動周波数により制御するので、回転型モータを駆動源とする圧縮機と同様、該リニア圧縮機は、その構造上の制約を受けることなく最大能力で運転可能となり、定格能力での駆動効率を最大とするような設計を行うことができる。この結果、小型でかつ高効率なリニア圧縮機を実現できる。
【０１９８】
（実施の形態８）
図１０は本発明の実施の形態８による空気調和機を説明するブロック図である。
この実施の形態８の空気調和機２０８は、室内機５５及び室外機５６を有し、冷暖房を行う空気調和機である。この空気調和機２０８は、冷媒を室内機５５と室外機５６の間で循環させるリニア圧縮機５０ａと、該リニア圧縮機５０ａを駆動する圧縮機駆動装置５０ｂとを有している。ここで、上記圧縮機５０ａは、上記実施の形態４の、リニア振動モータ４６を有するリニア圧縮機４０と同一のものである。また、圧縮機駆動装置５０ｂは、外部電源１０の直流出力電圧Ｖｐを交流駆動電圧Ｖｄに変換して、該リニア圧縮機５０ａのリニア振動モータに印加するモータ駆動部で、実施の形態４のモータ駆動装置２０７と同一の構成を有している。
【０１９９】
以下詳述すると、実施の形態８の空気調和機２０８は、冷媒循環経路を形成するリニア圧縮機５０ａ，四方弁５４，絞り装置（膨張弁）５３，室内側熱交換器５１及び室外側熱交換器５２を有するとともに、該リニア圧縮機５０ａの駆動源であるリニア振動モータを駆動するモータ駆動部５０ｂを有している。
【０２００】
ここで、室内側熱交換器５１は上記室内機５５を構成しており、絞り装置５３，室外側熱交換器５２，リニア圧縮機５０ａ，四方弁５４及びモータ駆動部５０ｂは上記室外機５２を構成している。
【０２０１】
上記室内側熱交換器５１は、熱交換の能力を上げるための送風機５１ａと、該熱交換器５１の温度もしくはその周辺温度を測定する温度センサ５１ｂとを有している。上記室外側熱交換器５２は、熱交換の能力を上げるための送風機５２ａと、該熱交換器５２の温度もしくはその周辺温度を測定する温度センサ５２ｂとを有している。
【０２０２】
そして、この実施の形態８では、上記室内側熱交換器５１と室外側熱交換器５２との間の冷媒経路には、リニア圧縮機５０ａ及び四方弁５４が配置されている。つまりこの空気調和機２０８は、冷媒が矢印Ａの方向に流れ、室外側熱交換器５２を通過した冷媒がリニア圧縮機５０ａに吸入され、該リニア圧縮機５０ａから吐出された冷媒が室内側熱交換器５１へ供給される状態と、冷媒が矢印Ｂの方向に流れ、室内側熱交換器５１を通過した冷媒がリニア圧縮機５０ａに吸入され、リニア圧縮機５０ａから吐出された冷媒が室外側熱交換器５２へ供給される状態とが、上記四方弁５４により切り替えられるものである。
【０２０３】
また、上記絞り装置５３は、循環する冷媒の流量を絞る絞り作用と、冷媒の流量を自動調整する弁の作用とをあわせ持つものである。つまり、絞り装置５３は、冷媒が冷媒循環経路を循環している状態で、凝縮器から蒸発器へ送り出された液冷媒の流量を絞って該液冷媒を膨張させるとともに、蒸発器に必要とされる量の冷媒を過不足なく供給するものである。
【０２０４】
なお、上記室内側熱交換器５１は暖房運転では凝縮器として、冷房運転では蒸発器として動作するものであり、上記室外側熱交換器５２は、暖房運転では蒸発器として、冷房運転では凝縮器として動作するものである。凝縮器では、内部を流れる高温高圧の冷媒ガスは、送り込まれる空気により熱を奪われて徐々に液化し、凝縮器の出口付近では高圧の液冷媒となる。これは、冷媒が大気中に熱を放熱して液化することと等しい。また、蒸発器には絞り装置５３で低温低圧となった液冷媒が流れ込む。この状態で蒸発器に部屋の空気が送り込まれると、液冷媒は空気から大量の熱を奪って蒸発し、低温低圧のガス冷媒に変化する。蒸発器にて大量の熱を奪われた空気は空調機の吹きだし口から冷風となって放出される。
【０２０５】
そして、この空気調和機２０８では、モータ駆動部５０ｂは、空気調和機の運転状態、つまり空気調和機に対して設定された目標温度、実際の室温及び外気温に基づいて、リニア圧縮機５０ａのリニア振動モータの出力を制御する。
【０２０６】
次に動作について説明する。
この実施の形態８の空気調和機２０８では、モータ駆動部５０ｂからリニア圧縮機５０ａに駆動電圧Ｖｄが印加されると、冷媒循環経路内で冷媒が循環し、室内機５５の熱交換器５１及び室外機５６の熱交換器５２にて熱交換が行われる。つまり、上記空気調和機２０８では、冷媒の循環閉路に封入された冷媒をリニア圧縮機５０ａにより循環させることにより、冷媒の循環閉路内に周知のヒートポンプサイクルが形成される。これにより、室内の暖房あるいは冷房が行われる。
【０２０７】
例えば、空気調和機２０８の暖房運転を行う場合、ユーザの操作により、上記四方弁５４は、冷媒が矢印Ａで示す方向に流れるよう設定される。この場合、室内側熱交換器５１は凝縮器として動作し、上記冷媒循環経路での冷媒の循環により熱を放出する。これにより室内が暖められる。
【０２０８】
逆に、空気調和機２０８の冷房運転を行う場合、ユーザの操作により、上記四方弁５４は、冷媒が矢印Ｂで示す方向に流れるよう設定される。この場合、室内側熱交換器５１は蒸発器として動作し、上記冷媒循環経路での冷媒の循環により周辺空気の熱を吸収する。これにより室内が冷やされる。
【０２０９】
ここで、空気調和機２０８では、モータ駆動部５０ｂにより、空気調和機に対して設定された目標温度、実際の室温及び外気温に基づいて、リニア圧縮機５０ａのリニア振動モータの出力が制御される。これにより、空気調和機２０８では、快適な冷暖房が行われる。
【０２１０】
このように本実施の形態８の空気調和機２０８では、冷媒の圧縮及び循環を行う圧縮機には、リニア振動モータを動力源とする圧縮機（リニア圧縮機）５０ａを用いているので、回転型モータを動力源とする圧縮機を用いた空気調和機に比べて、圧縮機での摩擦損が低減し、さらには圧縮機の、高圧冷媒と低圧冷媒とをシールするシール性が高まることとなり、圧縮機効率の向上を図ることができる。
【０２１１】
さらに、本実施の形態８のリニア振動モータを用いた圧縮機５０ａでは、摩擦損が低減されることから、回転型モータを用いた圧縮機で必要不可欠であった潤滑用オイルの使用量を大幅に低減することができる。これにより、リサイクル処理などが必要なる廃油の発生量を少なく抑えることができるだけでなく、オイルに溶け込む冷媒量が減ることから圧縮機に充填する冷媒量を削減することができ、これにより地球環境の保全にも貢献することができる。
【０２１２】
また、本実施の形態８の空気調和機２０８では、圧縮機のリニア振動モータのモータ出力を、リニア振動モータに印加する交流電圧の周波数を調整して制御するので、リニア圧縮機５０ａの出力を、そのリニア振動モータに印加する駆動電圧のレベルを変えずに制御することができ、空気調和機の能力制御が簡単になる。また、リニア圧縮機５０ａの出力を駆動周波数により制御するので、上記実施の形態７と同様、該リニア圧縮機は構造上の制約を受けずに最大能力で運転可能となり、定格能力での効率を最大とするような設計を行うことができる。この結果、小型でかつ効率のよいリニア圧縮機を、さらには小型で効率のよい空気調和機を実現できる。
【０２１３】
（実施の形態９）
図１１は本発明の実施の形態９による冷蔵庫を説明するブロック図である。
この実施の形態９の冷蔵庫２０９は、リニア圧縮機６０ａ，圧縮機駆動装置６０ｂ，凝縮器６１，冷蔵室蒸発器６２，及び絞り装置６３から構成されている。
【０２１４】
ここで、リニア圧縮機６０ａ，凝縮器６１，絞り装置６３，及び冷蔵室蒸発器６２は、冷媒循環経路を形成するものであり、圧縮機駆動装置６０ｂは、上記リニア圧縮機６０ａの駆動源であるリニア振動モータを駆動するモータ駆動部である。なお、上記リニア圧縮機６０ａ及びモータ駆動部６０ｂはそれぞれ、上記実施の形態７のリニア圧縮機４０及びモータ駆動装置２０７と同一のものである。
【０２１５】
絞り装置６３は、上記実施の形態８の空気調和機２０８の絞り装置５３と同様、冷媒が冷媒循環経路を循環している状態で、凝縮器６１から送り出された液冷媒の流量を絞って該液冷媒を膨張させるとともに、冷蔵室蒸発器６２に、必要とされる量の冷媒を過不足なく供給するものである。
【０２１６】
凝縮器６１は、内部を流れる高温高圧の冷媒ガスを凝縮させて、冷媒の熱を外気に放出するものである。該凝縮器６１に送り込まれた冷媒ガスは、外気により熱を奪われて徐々に液化し、凝縮器の出口付近では高圧の液冷媒となる。
【０２１７】
冷蔵室蒸発器６２は、低温の冷媒液を蒸発させて冷蔵庫内の冷却を行うものである。この冷蔵室蒸発器６２は、熱交換の効率を上げるための送風機６２ａと、庫内の温度を検出する温度センサ６２ｂとを有している。
【０２１８】
そして、この冷蔵庫２０９では、モータ駆動部６０ｂは、冷蔵庫の運転状態、つまり冷蔵庫に対して設定された目標温度、及び冷蔵庫内の温度に基づいて、リニア圧縮機６０ａのリニア振動モータの出力を制御する。
【０２１９】
次に動作について説明する。
この実施の形態９の冷蔵庫２０９では、モータ駆動部６０ｂからリニア圧縮機６０ａのリニア振動モータに駆動電圧Ｖｄが印加されると、リニア圧縮機６０ａが駆動して冷媒循環経路内で冷媒が矢印Ｃの方向に循環し、凝縮器６１及び冷蔵室蒸発器６２にて熱交換が行われる。これにより、冷蔵庫内が冷却される。
【０２２０】
つまり、凝縮器６１で液状となった冷媒は、絞り装置６３にてその流量が絞られることにより膨張して、低温の冷媒液となる。そして、冷蔵室蒸発器６２へ低温の液冷媒が送り込まれると、冷蔵室蒸発器６２では、低温の冷媒液が蒸発して、冷蔵庫内の冷却が行われる。このとき、冷蔵室蒸発器６２には、送風機６２ａにより強制的に冷蔵室内の空気が送り込まれており、冷蔵室蒸発器６２では、効率よく熱交換が行われる。
【０２２１】
また、この実施の形態９の冷蔵庫２０９では、モータ駆動部６０ｂにより、該冷蔵庫２０９に対して設定された目標温度及び冷蔵庫内の室温に基づいて、リニア圧縮機６０ａのリニア振動モータの出力が制御される。これにより、冷蔵庫２０９では、冷蔵庫内の温度が目標温度に維持される。
【０２２２】
このように本実施の形態９の冷蔵庫２０９では、冷媒の圧縮及び循環を行う圧縮機には、リニア振動モータを動力源とするリニア圧縮機６０ａを用いているので、実施の形態８の空気調和機２０８と同様、回転型モータを駆動源とする圧縮機に比べて、圧縮機での摩擦損が低減し、さらには圧縮機の冷媒をシールするシール性が向上して、圧縮機の動作効率を高めることができる。
【０２２３】
さらに、本実施の形態９の冷蔵庫２０９では、圧縮機での摩擦損が低減できることから、上記実施の形態８の空気調和機２０８と同様に、使用済み潤滑オイルである廃油の発生量や圧縮機に充填する冷媒の量が削減されることとなる。このため、地球環境の保全に貢献することができるという効果もある。
【０２２４】
また、本実施の形態９の冷蔵庫２０９では、圧縮機のリニア振動モータのモータ出力を、リニア振動モータに印加する交流電圧の周波数を調整して制御するので、実施の形態８と同様、リニア圧縮機６０ａの出力をその駆動電圧のレベルを変えずに制御することができ、冷蔵庫の能力制御が簡単となる。また、リニア圧縮機６０ａの出力を駆動周波数の調整により制御するので、実施の形態７と同様、該リニア圧縮機は構造上の制約を受けずに最大能力で運転可能となり、しかも定格能力での効率を最大とするような設計を行うことができる。この結果、小型でかつ高効率のリニア圧縮機を、さらには小型で高効率の冷蔵庫を実現できる。
【０２２５】
（実施の形態１０）
図１２は本発明の実施の形態１０による極低温冷凍機を説明するブロック図である。
この実施の形態１０の極低温冷凍機２１０は、冷凍室（図示せず）を有し、該冷凍室内部を極低温状態（−５０°Ｃ以下）となるよう冷却するものである。この極低温冷凍機２１０を用いて冷却する冷却対象物には、超電導素子として用いる抵抗，コイル，磁石などの電気磁気回路素子、赤外線センサ用の低温参照部などの電子部品、血液や内臓といった医療用のもの、さらに、冷凍マグロなど冷凍食品がある。
【０２２６】
電子部品を極低温状態にするのは、動作効率アップ，あるいは熱雑音の除去による感度アップのためであり、食料品などでは、生鮮食品を輸送したり、鮮度維持や乾燥を行ったりするためである。
【０２２７】
また、冷凍温度は用途により異なるが、−５０度以下、特に、超伝導の用途などでは０〜１００Ｋ（ケルビン）の広い範囲にわたっている。例えば、この極低温冷凍機の冷却温度は、高温超電導の用途では、５０から１００Ｋ程度に、通常の超電導の用途では、０〜５０Ｋ程度の極低温状態に設定される。また、食品などの生鮮維持に用いられる場合は、この極低温冷凍装置の冷却温度は−５０°Ｃ弱に設定される。
【０２２８】
以下、具体的に説明する。
この実施の形態１０の極低温冷凍機２１０は、リニア圧縮機７０ａ，圧縮機駆動装置７０ｂ，放熱器７１，蓄冷器７２，及び絞り装置７３から構成されている。
ここで、リニア圧縮機７０ａ，放熱器７１，絞り装置７３，及び蓄冷器７２は、冷媒循環経路を形成する。圧縮機駆動装置７０ｂは、上記リニア圧縮機７０ａの駆動源であるリニア振動モータを駆動制御するモータ駆動部である。なお、上記リニア圧縮機７０ａ及びモータ駆動部７０ｂはそれぞれ、上記実施の形態７のリニア圧縮機４０及びモータ駆動装置２０７と同一のものである。
【０２２９】
絞り装置７３は、上記実施の形態８の絞り装置５３と同様、放熱器７１から蓄冷器７２へ送り出された液冷媒を絞り膨張させる装置である。
放熱器７１は、上記実施の形態９の冷蔵庫２０９の凝縮器６１と同様、内部を流れる高温高圧の冷媒ガスを凝縮させて、冷媒の熱を外気に放出するものである。
蓄冷器７２は、上記実施の形態９の冷蔵室蒸発器６２と同様、低温の冷媒液を蒸発させて冷凍室内の冷却を行い、冷却対象物を極低温状態とするものであり、冷却対象物の温度を検出する温度センサ７２ｂを備えている。なお、蓄冷器７２は、図１２に示すように、熱交換の効率を上げるための送風機７２ａを有するものであってもよい。
【０２３０】
そして、この極低温冷凍機２１０では、モータ駆動部７０ｂは、極低温冷凍機の運転状態、つまり極低温冷凍機に対して設定された目標温度、及び冷凍対象物の温度に基づいて、リニア圧縮機７０ａのリニア振動モータの出力を制御する。
【０２３１】
この実施の形態１０の極低温冷凍機２１０では、モータ駆動部７０ｂからリニア圧縮機７０ａのリニア振動モータに交流電圧Ｖｄが印加されると、リニア圧縮機７０ａが駆動して冷媒循環経路内で冷媒が矢印Ｄの方向に循環し、放熱器７１及び蓄冷器７２にて熱交換が行われる。これにより、冷凍室内の冷却が行われ、その内部の冷却対象物が冷却される。
【０２３２】
つまり、放熱器７１で液状となった冷媒は、絞り装置７３にてその流量が絞られることにより膨張して、低温の冷媒液となる。そして、蓄冷器７２へ低温の液冷媒が送り込まれると、蓄冷器７２では、低温の冷媒液が蒸発して、冷凍室の冷却が行われる。
【０２３３】
また、この実施の形態１０の極低温冷凍機２１０では、モータ駆動部７０ｂにより、該極低温冷凍機２１０に対して設定された目標温度及び冷凍対象物の温度に基づいて、リニア圧縮機７０ａのリニア振動モータの出力が制御される。これにより、極低温冷凍機２１０では、冷凍対象物の温度が目標温度に維持される。
【０２３４】
このように本実施の形態１０の極低温冷凍機２１０では、冷媒の圧縮及び循環を行う圧縮機には、リニア振動モータを動力源とするリニア圧縮機７０ａを用いているので、実施の形態８の空気調和機２０８と同様、回転型モータを駆動源とする圧縮機に比べて、圧縮機での摩擦損が低減し、さらには圧縮機の冷媒をシールするシール性が向上して、圧縮機の動作効率を高めることができる。
【０２３５】
さらに、本実施の形態１０の極低温冷凍機２１０では、圧縮機での摩擦損が低減できることから、上記実施の形態８の空気調和機２０８と同様に、使用済み潤滑オイルである廃油の発生量や圧縮機に充填する冷媒量が削減されることとなる。このため、地球環境の保全に貢献することができるという効果もある。
【０２３６】
また、本実施の形態１０の極低温冷凍機２１０では、圧縮機のリニア振動モータの出力を、リニア振動モータに印加する交流電圧の周波数を調整して制御するので、実施の形態８と同様、リニア圧縮機７０ａの出力をその駆動電圧のレベルを変えずに制御することができ、極低温冷凍機２１０の能力制御が簡単になる。また、リニア圧縮機７０ａの出力を駆動周波数の調整により制御するので、該リニア圧縮機は構造上の制約を受けずに最大能力で運転可能となり、しかも定格能力での効率を最大とするような設計を行うことができる。この結果、小型でかつ高効率のリニア圧縮機を、さらには小型で高効率の極低温冷凍機を実現できる。
【０２３７】
（実施の形態１１）
図１３は本発明の実施の形態１１による給湯器を説明するブロック図である。この実施の形態１１の給湯器２１１は、供給された水を加熱して温水を排出する冷凍サイクル装置８１ａと、冷凍サイクル装置８１ａから排出された温水を貯める貯湯槽８１ｂと、これらを連結する水配管８６ａ，８６ｂ，８７ａ，及び８７ｂとを有している。
【０２３８】
上記冷凍サイクル装置８１ａは、リニア圧縮機８０ａ，圧縮機駆動装置８０ｂ，空気熱交換器８２，絞り装置８３，及び水熱交換器８５を有している。
ここで、リニア圧縮機８０ａ，空気熱交換器８２，絞り装置８３，及び水熱交換器８５は、冷媒循環経路を形成している。
圧縮機駆動装置８０ｂは、上記リニア圧縮機８０ａの駆動源であるリニア振動モータ（図示せず）を駆動するものである。なお、上記リニア圧縮機８０ａは、上記実施の形態７の、リニア振動モータ４６を有するリニア圧縮機４０と同一のものである。また、圧縮機駆動装置８０ｂは、外部電源１０から直流電圧Ｖｐが供給されるもので、実施の形態７のモータ駆動装置２０７と同一の構成を有しており、以下この実施の形態１１では、モータ駆動部８０ｂという。
【０２３９】
絞り装置８３は、上記実施の形態８の空気調和機２０８の絞り装置５３と同様、水熱交換器８５から空気熱交換器８２へ送り出された液冷媒の流量を絞って、該液冷媒を膨張させるものである。
【０２４０】
水熱交換器８５は、冷凍サイクル装置８１ａに供給された水を加熱する凝縮器であり、加熱された水の温度を検出する温度センサ８５ａを有している。空気熱交換器８２は、周辺雰囲気から熱を吸収する蒸発器であり、熱交換の能力を上げるための送風機８２ａと、該周辺温度を検出する温度センサ８２ｂとを有している。
【０２４１】
なお、図中、８４は、上記冷媒を、リニア圧縮機８０ａ，水熱交換器８５，絞り装置８３，及び空気熱交換器８２により形成される冷媒循環経路に沿って循環させる冷媒配管である。該冷媒配管８４には、リニア圧縮機８０ａから吐出された冷媒を、水熱交換器８５及び絞り装置８３をバイパスして空気熱交換器８２に供給する除霜バイパス管８４ａが接続されており、該バイパス管８４ａの一部には除霜バイパス弁８４ｂが設けられている。
【０２４２】
上記貯湯槽８１ｂは、水あるいは温水を貯める貯湯タンク８８を有している。該貯湯タンク８８の受水口８８c1には、該貯湯タンク８８内へ水を外部から供給する給水配管８８ｃが接続され、上記貯湯タンク８８の湯出口８８d1には、該貯湯タンク８８から浴槽へ湯を供給する浴槽給湯管８８ｄが接続されている。また、上記貯湯タンク８８の水出入口８８ａには、該タンク８８に貯められた湯を外部に供給する給湯管８９が接続されている。
【０２４３】
上記貯湯タンク８８と冷凍サイクル装置８１ａの水熱交換器８５とは、配管８６ａ，８６ｂ，８７ａ，及び８７ｂにより接続されており、貯湯タンク８８と水熱交換器８５との間には水の循環路が形成されている。
【０２４４】
ここで、水配管８６ｂは、水を貯湯タンク８８から水熱交換器８５へ供給する配管であり、その一端は、貯湯タンク８８の水出口８８ｂに接続され、その他端は、ジョイント部分８７b1を介して、水熱交換器８５の入水側配管８７ｂに接続されている。また、この水配管８６ｂの一端側には、貯湯タンク８８内の水あるいは温水を排出するための排水弁８８b1が取り付けられている。上記水配管８６ａは、水を水熱交換器８５から貯湯タンク８８へ戻す配管であり、その一端は、貯湯タンク８８の水出入口８８ａに接続され、その他端は、ジョイント部分８７a1を介して水熱交換器８５の排出側配管８７ａに接続されている。
そして、水熱交換器８５の入水側配管８７ｂの一部には、上記水循環路内で水を循環させるポンプ８７が設けられている。
【０２４５】
さらに、この給湯器２１１では、モータ駆動部８０ｂは、給湯器の運転状態、つまり給湯器に対して設定された温水の目標温度、貯湯層８１ｂから冷凍サイクル装置８１ａの水熱交換器８５ａに供給される水の温度、及び外気温に基づいて、リニア圧縮機８０ａのリニア振動モータに要求されるモータ出力を決定する。
【０２４６】
次に動作について説明する。
リニア圧縮機８０ａのリニア振動モータ（図示せず）にモータ駆動部８０ｂから交流電圧Ｖｄが印加され、リニア圧縮機８０ａが駆動すると、リニア圧縮機８０ａにより圧縮された高温冷媒は、矢印Ｅが示す方向に循環し、つまり冷媒配管８４を通り、水熱交換器８５に供給される。また、水循環路のポンプ８７が駆動すると、貯湯タンク８８から水が水熱交換器８５に供給される。
【０２４７】
すると、水熱交換器８５では、冷媒と貯湯タンク８８から供給された水との間で熱交換が行われ、熱が冷媒から水へ移動する。つまり供給された水が加熱され、加熱された水は、貯湯タンク８８へ供給される。このとき、加熱された水の温度は凝縮温度センサ８５ａにて監視されている。
【０２４８】
また、水熱交換器８５では、冷媒は上記熱交換により凝縮し、凝縮した液冷媒は、その流量が絞り装置８３により絞られることにより膨張し、空気熱交換器８２に送り込まれる。この給湯器２１１では、該空気熱交換器８２は、蒸発器として働く。つまり、該空気熱交換器８２は、送風機８２ｂにより送り込まれた外気から熱を吸収し、低温の冷媒液を蒸発させる。このとき、上記空気熱交換器８２の周辺雰囲気の温度は温度センサ８２ｂにより監視されている。
【０２４９】
また、冷凍サイクル装置８１ａでは、空気熱交換器８２に霜がついた場合は、除霜バイパス弁８４ｂが開き、高温の冷媒が除霜バイパス路８４ａを介して空気熱交換器８２に供給される。これにより空気熱交換器８２の除霜が行われる。
【０２５０】
一方、貯湯槽８１ｂには、冷凍サイクル装置８１ａの水熱交換器８５から温水が配管８７ａ及び８６ａを介して供給され、供給された温水が貯湯タンク８８に貯められる。貯湯タンク８８内の温水は、必要に応じて、給湯管８９を通して外部に供給される。特に、浴槽へ給湯する場合は、貯湯タンク内の温水は浴槽用給湯管８８ｄを通して浴槽に供給される。
【０２５１】
また、貯湯タンク８８内の水あるいは温水の貯蓄量が一定量以下となった場合には、外部から給水管８８ｃを介して水が補給される。
そして、この実施の形態１１の給湯器２１１では、モータ駆動部８０ｂにより、該給湯器２１１に対して設定された温水の目標温度、水熱交換機８５ａに供給される水の温度、及び外気温に基づいて、リニア圧縮機８０ａのリニア振動モータの出力が制御される。これにより、給湯器２１１では、目標温度の温水の供給が行われる。
【０２５２】
このように本実施の形態１１の給湯器２１１では、冷凍サイクル装置８１ａにて冷媒の圧縮及び循環を行う圧縮機には、リニア振動モータを動力源とするリニア圧縮機８０ａを用いているので、実施の形態８の空気調和機２０８と同様、回転型モータを動力源とする圧縮機に比べて、圧縮機での摩擦損が低減し、さらには圧縮機の冷媒をシールするシール性が向上して、圧縮機の動作効率を高めることができる。
【０２５３】
さらに、本実施の形態１１の給湯器２１１では、圧縮機での摩擦損が低減できることから、上記実施の形態８の空気調和機２０８と同様に、使用済み潤滑オイルである廃油の発生量や圧縮機に充填される冷媒の量が削減されることとなる。このため、地球環境の保全に貢献することができるという効果もある。
【０２５４】
また、本実施の形態１１の給湯器２１１では、圧縮機のリニア振動モータの出力を、リニア振動モータに印加する交流電圧の周波数を調整して制御するので、実施の形態８と同様、リニア圧縮機８０ａの出力をその駆動電圧のレベルを変えずに制御することができ、給湯器２１１の能力制御が簡単になる。また、リニア圧縮機８０ａの出力を駆動周波数の調整により制御するので、該リニア圧縮機は構造上の制約を受けずに最大能力で運転可能となり、しかも定格能力での効率を最大とするような設計を行うことができる。この結果、小型でかつ高効率のリニア圧縮機を、さらには小型で高効率の給湯器を実現できる。
【０２５５】
（実施の形態１２）
図１４は本発明の実施の形態１２による携帯電話を説明するブロック図である。
この実施の形態１２の携帯電話２１２は、機械的に振動する振動器９０ａと、該振動部９０ａを駆動する駆動装置９０ｂとを有し、着信等を振動によりユーザに伝えるものである。
【０２５６】
ここで、上記振動器９０ａは、そのケース９１内に配置され、バネ部材９２により振動可能に支持された重り部材９３と、該重り部材９３に一部に固着されたマグネット９３ａと、上記ケース９１内に上記重り部材９３のマグネット９３ａに対向するよう配置され、コイル９４ａが埋め込まれたステータ９４とを有している。そして、上記重り部材９３に取り付けられたマグネット９３ａと、上記ステータ９４に埋め込まれたコイル９４ａとから、リニア振動モータ９５が構成されている。このリニア振動モータ９５では、このコイル９４ａとマグネット９３ａとの間で発生する電磁力及び上記ばね部材９２の弾性力により、上記重り部材９３がバネ部材９２の伸縮方向に沿って往復運動する。
【０２５７】
そして、この実施の形態１２の駆動装置９０ｂは、携帯電話２１２に搭載されたバッテリー１０ａの出力電圧Ｖｐを交流電圧Ｖｄに変換し、該交流電圧Ｖｄを上記振動器９０ａのリニア振動モータ９５に駆動電圧として供給するものであり、以下この実施の形態１２ではモータ駆動部９０ｂという。このモータ駆動部９０ｂは、実施の形態１のモータ駆動装置１０１と同様、図１に示す、モータドライバ１，駆動周波数決定部２，及び指令出力決定部３を有している。また、このモータ駆動制御部９０ｂは、実施の形態１のモータ駆動装置１０１と同様、リニア振動モータ９５に要求されるモータ出力を、リニア振動モータ９５に印加する交流駆動電圧Ｖｄの周波数を調整して制御する。
【０２５８】
このような構成の携帯電話２１２では、着信時には、モータ駆動制御部９０ｂから振動器９０ａのリニア振動モータ９５への通電により、重り部材９３がバネ部材９２の伸縮方向に往復動し、振動器９０ａが振動する。
【０２５９】
つまり、コイル９４ａに交流電圧Ｖｄが印加されると、ステータ９４には交流の磁界が発生し、この磁界にマグネット９３ａが引き付けられ、マグネット９３ａと、マグネット９３ａが固着されている重り部材９３が往復運動を開始する。
【０２６０】
そして、振動部９０ａの動作状態で、リニア振動モータ９５の運転状態に基づいてリニア振動モータ９５に要求されるモータ出力が決定され、該決定されたモータ出力に基づいてリニア振動モータ９５の駆動周波数が決定され、さらに、該決定された駆動周波数と一致した周波数を有する振幅値一定の交流電圧Ｖｄがリニア振動モータ９５に印加される。これにより、携帯電話２１２では、着信時の振動の大きさが、要求されるパターン通りに制御され、ユーザの好みなどに応じたパターンの振動により着信がユーザに伝えられる。
【０２６１】
このように本実施の形態１２の携帯電話２１２では、機械的な振動をリニア振動モータ９５により発生するので、回転型モータにより振動を発生させる場合に比べて、機械的な振動を、振動数と振幅の大きさという２つの自由度でもって変化させることができ、振動により着信等をユーザに知らせる振動器９１を、振動のバリエーションの多彩なものとできる。
【０２６２】
また、本実施の形態１２の携帯電話２１２では、振動部９０ａの動力源であるリニア振動モータのモータ出力を、リニア振動モータに印加する交流電圧の周波数を調整して制御するので、リニア振動モータの駆動電圧のレベルを一定に保持した状態で、モータ出力の調整が可能となり、携帯電話の振動の大きさ制御が簡単になる。また、リニア振動モータ９５の出力を駆動周波数の調整により制御するので、該リニア振動モータ９５は構造上の制約を受けずに最大能力で運転でき、より強力な振動を発生することができる。
【０２６３】
なお、上記実施の形態１２では、実施の形態１のリニア振動モータ及びその駆動装置を、携帯電話における着信を振動により知らせる振動器及びその駆動制御部として用いた場合を示したが、実施の形態１のリニア振動モータ及びその駆動装置は、往復式電気かみそりの動力源及びその駆動部として用いることができることは言うまでもない。
【０２６４】
さらに、上記実施の形態７〜１２では、モータ駆動部は、実施の形態１のモータ駆動装置１０１と同一の構成を有しているが、実施の形態７〜１２のモータ駆動部は、実施の形態２ないし６のモータ駆動装置１０１ないし１０６と同一の構成を有するものでもよい。
【０２６９】
【発明の効果】
本発明（請求項１）に係るモータ駆動装置によれば、往復運動可能に設けられた可動子と、該可動子を支持するバネ部材とを有するリニア振動モータを駆動するモータ駆動装置であって、上記リニア振動モータに駆動電圧として交流電圧を供給するモータドライバと、上記リニア振動モータの駆動周波数を決定する駆動周波数決定部と、上記可動子の位置を検出する位置検出部とを備え、上記駆動周波数決定部は、上記検出された可動子の位置が、予め定められた基準位置を超えない場合は、上記駆動周波数を、上記可動子を含むバネ振動系が共振状態となる共振周波数に決定し、上記検出された可動子の位置が上記基準位置を超える場合は、上記駆動周波数を、上記共振周波数より高い周波数に決定し、上記モータドライバは、上記リニア振動モータに供給する交流電圧の周波数を、上記駆動周波数決定部により決定された駆動周波数と一致するよう調整して、上記可動子のストロークを制御する、ことを特徴とするので、リニア振動モータの駆動電圧を一定に保持した状態で、モータ出力を調整することが可能となり、これにより、リニア振動モータやその電源の仕様変更を行うことなく、リニア振動モータの最大出力を大きくすることができる効果がある。
また、リニア振動モータの可動子のストロークを、該交流電圧の周波数の調整により変更するので、可動子のストロークが許容範囲内である状態では、リニア振動モータを、その駆動周波数を共振周波数として高効率で駆動することができ、しかも、リニア振動モータを共振周波数で駆動すると可動子のストロークが許容範囲を超える高出力領域でも、可動子のストロークを許容範囲内に抑えて、リニア振動モータを駆動することができ、さらには、モータドライバに搭載する発振器として電圧制御発振器などを用いることにより、リニア振動モータの可動子のストローク制御を、該電圧制御発振器の制御電圧の変更により容易に行うことができるという効果がある。
【０２７０】
本発明（請求項２）によれば、請求項１記載のモータ駆動装置において、上記駆動周波数決定部は、上記検出された可動子の位置が上記基準位置を超える場合、上記駆動周波数を、上記検出された可動子の位置が上記基準位置を超えない周波数に変更する、ことを特徴とするので、リニア振動モータを共振周波数で駆動すると可動子のストロークが許容範囲を超える高出力領域では、駆動周波数を、可動子のストロークが許容範囲を超えない、最も共振周波数に近い周波数とすることによって、可動子が衝突したり支持バネの弾性限界以上に伸びたりするのを回避しつつ、リニア振動モータを最高効率で駆動することができる効果がある。しかも、上記高出力領域では、駆動周波数が、可動子のストロークが許容範囲を超えない、最も共振周波数に近い周波数に設定されているため、リニア振動モータに要求されるモータ出力が減少した場合には、駆動周波数をスムーズに共振周波数に戻すことができる効果もある。
【０２７１】
本発明（請求項３）によれば、請求項１記載のモータ駆動装置において、上記リニア振動モータに要求されるモータ出力である目標出力を決定する目標出力決定部と、上記リニア振動モータのモータ出力を検出する出力検出部と、上記検出されたモータ出力と上記決定された目標出力との差分がゼロとなるよう、上記リニア振動モータの駆動電圧の目標電圧値を決定する駆動電圧決定部とを備え、上記モータドライバは、上記リニア振動モータに供給する交流電圧の周波数及び電圧値を、該交流電圧の電圧値が、上記駆動電圧決定部により決定された目標電圧値となり、かつ上記交流電圧の周波数が、上記駆動周波数決定部により決定された駆動周波数と一致するよう調整する、ことを特徴とするので、上記リニア振動モータの出力制御は、リニア振動モータに要求されるモータ出力を目標出力として駆動電圧の電圧値を調整するフィードバック制御となり、これにより、可動子のストロークを許容範囲内に抑えつつ、リニア振動モータの出力制御を、高精度かつ安定に、しかも応答性よく行うことができるという効果がある。
【０２７２】
本発明（請求項４）によれば、請求項１ないし３のいずれかに記載のモータ駆動装置において、上記基準位置は、上記可動子を支持するバネ部材の弾性限界値に基づいて定められている、ことを特徴とするので、高いモータ出力が要求された場合でも、可動子のストローク長を、可動子の支持バネの伸び幅が弾性限界値を超えない程度に抑えて、要求されたモータ出力を発生することができる。この結果、リニア振動モータの信頼性を向上できるだけではなく、リニア振動モータの共振周波数での駆動が、上記支持バネの伸び幅が弾性限界から不可能な高出力領域でも、リニア振動モータを駆動することができる。
【０２７３】
本発明（請求項５）によれば、請求項１ないし３のいずれかに記載のモータ駆動装置において、上記基準位置は、上記可動子が、上記リニア振動モータを構成する部品、もしくは、上記リニア振動モータを内蔵する機器の部品と衝突する位置に基づいて定められている、ことを特徴とするので、高いモータ出力が要求された場合でも、可動子のストローク長を、可動子がリニア振動モータの構成部品やリニア振動モータが組み込まれている構成部品と衝突しない程度に抑えて、要求されたモータ出力を発生することができる。この結果、リニア振動モータの信頼性を向上できるだけではなく、リニア振動モータの共振周波数での駆動が、モータ筐体の可動子振動方向の寸法から不可能な高出力領域でも、リニア振動モータを駆動することができる。
【０２７４】
本発明（請求項６）に係るモータ駆動装置によれば、往復運動可能に設けられた可動子と、該可動子を支持するバネ部材とを有するリニア振動モータを駆動するモータ駆動装置であって、上記リニア振動モータに駆動電圧として交流電圧を供給するモータドライバと、上記リニア振動モータの駆動周波数を決定する駆動周波数決定部と、上記リニア振動モータに要求されるモータ出力である目標出力を決定する目標出力決定部と、上記リニア振動モータのモータ出力を検出する出力検出部と、上記検出されたモータ出力と上記決定された目標出力との差分がゼロとなるよう、上記リニア振動モータの駆動電圧の目標電圧値を決定する駆動電圧決定部とを備え、上記駆動周波数決定部は、上記決定された目標電圧値が、予め定められた基準値を超えない場合は、上記駆動周波数を、上記可動子を含むバネ振動系が共振状態となる共振周波数に決定し、上記決定された目標電圧値が上記基準値を超える場合は、上記駆動周波数を、上記共振周波数より高い周波数に決定し、上記モータドライバは、上記リニア振動モータに供給する交流電圧の周波数及び電圧値を、該交流電圧の電圧値が、上記駆動電圧決定部により決定された目標電圧値となり、かつ上記交流電圧の周波数が、上記駆動周波数決定部により決定された駆動周波数と一致するよう調整して、上記モータ出力及び可動子のストロークを制御する、ことを特徴とするので、リニア振動モータの駆動電圧を一定に保持した状態で、モータ出力を調整することが可能となり、これにより、リニア振動モータやその電源の仕様変更を行うことなく、リニア振動モータの最大出力を大きくすることができる効果がある。
また、リニア振動モータの出力及び可動子のストロークを、該交流電圧の周波数の調整により変更するので、要求されるモータ出力が、共振周波数でのリニア振動モータの駆動が電源の電圧レベルにより制限される最大出力に達するまでは、リニア振動モータを共振周波数でもって高効率に駆動し、要求されるモータ出力が上記最大出力を超える高出力領域では、リニア振動モータを、その共振周波数より高い周波数でもって、駆動効率を大きく低下させることなく駆動することができ、さらには、モータドライバに搭載する発振器として電圧制御発振器などを用いることにより、リニア振動モータの出力制御及び可動子のストローク制御を、該電圧制御発振器の制御電圧の変更により容易に行うことができるという効果がある。
【０２７５】
また、上記リニア振動モータの出力制御は、リニア振動モータに要求されるモータ出力を目標出力として駆動電圧の電圧値を調整するフィードバック制御となり、これにより、リニア振動モータの出力制御を、高精度かつ安定に、しかも応答性よく行うことができるという効果もある。
【０２７６】
本発明（請求項７）によれば、請求項６記載のモータ駆動装置において、上記基準値は、上記モータドライバに供給される直流電源の電圧値に基づいて定められており、上記駆動周波数決定部は、上記決定された目標電圧値が上記基準値を超える場合は、上記駆動周波数を、上記決定された目標電圧値が上記基準値を超えない周波数に変更する、ことを特徴とするので、電源電圧により制限される最大出力を超える高出力領域では、駆動周波数を最も共振周波数に近い周波数とすることによって、リニア振動モータの高効率駆動が可能となり、さらにリニア振動モータが必要とされるモータ出力が減少した場合には駆動周波数をスムーズに共振周波数に戻すことができる効果がある。
【０２７７】
本発明（請求項８）によれば、往復運動可能に設けられた可動子と、該可動子を支持するバネ部材とを有するリニア振動モータを駆動するモータ駆動装置であって、上記リニア振動モータに駆動電圧として交流電圧を供給するモータドライバと、上記リニア振動モータの駆動周波数を決定する駆動周波数決定部と、上記リニア振動モータに要求されるモータ出力である目標出力を決定する目標出力決定部と、上記リニア振動モータのモータ出力を検出する出力検出部と、上記検出されたモータ出力と上記決定された目標出力との差分がゼロとなるよう、上記リニア振動モータの駆動電圧の目標電圧値を決定する駆動電圧決定部と、上記リニア振動モータの駆動電圧の実際の電圧値を検出する駆動電圧検出部とを備え、上記駆動周波数決定部は、上記検出された実際の電圧値が、上記モータドライバに供給される直流電源の電圧値に基づいて定められている基準値を超えない場合は、上記駆動周波数を、上記可動子を含むバネ振動系が共振状態となる共振周波数に決定し、上記検出された実際の電圧値が上記基準値を超える場合は、上記駆動周波数を、上記共振周波数より高い周波数に決定し、上記モータドライバは、上記リニア振動モータに供給する交流電圧の周波数及び電圧値を、該交流電圧の電圧値が、上記駆動電圧決定部により決定された目標電圧値となり、かつ上記交流電圧の周波数が上記駆動周波数決定部により決定された駆動周波数と一致するよう調整して、上記モータ出力及び可動子のストロークを制御する、ことを特徴とするので、リニア振動モータの駆動電圧を一定に保持した状態で、モータ出力を調整することが可能となり、これにより、リニア振動モータやその電源の仕様変更を行うことなく、リニア振動モータの最大出力を大きくすることができる効果がある。
また、リニア振動モータの出力及び可動子のストロークを、該交流電圧の周波数の調整により変更するので、電源の電圧レベルの制約を受けることなく、高出力領域でも効率よくリニア振動モータを駆動することができ、さらには、モータドライバに搭載する発振器として電圧制御発振器などを用いることにより、リニア振動モータの出力制御及び可動子のストローク制御を、該電圧制御発振器の制御電圧の変更により容易に行うことができるという効果がある。
【０２７８】
つまり、実際のモータ出力が、要求されるモータ出力に一致していなくても、実際のモータ出力が、共振周波数でのリニア振動モータの駆動が電源の電圧レベルにより制限される最大出力に達するまでは、リニア振動モータを共振周波数でもって高効率に駆動することができる効果がある。また、共振周波数で駆動されるリニア振動モータの実際のモータ出力が上記最大出力を超える高出力領域では、リニア振動モータを、その共振周波数より高い周波数でもって、駆動効率を大きく低下させることなく駆動することができる効果がある。さらに、上記高出力領域では、駆動周波数は、要求されるモータ出力を発生可能な最も共振周波数に近い周波数に設定することにより、要求されるモータ出力が減少した場合には、駆動周波数をスムーズに共振周波数に戻すことができる効果がある。
【０２７９】
本発明（請求項９）に係る空気調和機によれば、シリンダ及びピストンを有し、該ピストンの運動によりシリンダ内の流体を圧縮する圧縮機を備えた空気調和機であって、固定子及び可動子を有し、該可動子を含むばね振動系が形成されるよう該可動子をばね支持した、上記ピストンを駆動するリニア振動モータと、該リニア振動モータを駆動制御するモータ駆動制御装置とを備え、該モータ駆動制御装置は、請求項１から８のいずれかに記載のモータ駆動制御装置である、ことを特徴とするので、従来の回転型モータに比べて、摩擦損が低減でき、さらには冷媒の高圧と低圧とのシール性が上昇し圧縮機効率が上昇する。さらに、摩擦損が低減できることから、回転型モータでは必要不可欠であった潤滑用オイルを大幅に低減することができ、リサイクル性が高まるだけではなく、オイルに溶け込む冷媒量が減ることから、圧縮機に充填する冷媒量を削減でき、地球環境の保全にも貢献できる。また、リニア圧縮機の能力を駆動周波数により制御することから、回転型モータを駆動源とする圧縮機と同様、該リニア圧縮機は構造上の制約を受けずに最大能力で運転可能となり、定格能力での効率を最大とするような設計を行うことができる。この結果、リニア圧縮機を用いた空気調和機の小型化及び高効率化を図ることができる。
【０２８０】
本発明（請求項１０）に係る冷蔵庫によれば、シリンダ及びピストンを有し、該ピストンの運動によりシリンダ内の流体を圧縮する圧縮機を備えた冷蔵庫であって、固定子及び可動子を有し、該可動子を含むばね振動系が形成されるよう該可動子をばね支持した、上記ピストンを駆動するリニア振動モータと、該リニア振動モータを駆動制御するモータ駆動制御装置とを備え、該モータ駆動制御装置は、請求項１から８のいずれかに記載のモータ駆動制御装置である、ことを特徴とするので、従来の回転型モータに比べて、摩擦損が低減でき、さらには冷媒の高圧と低圧とのシール性が上昇し圧縮機効率が上昇する。さらに、摩擦損が低減できることから、回転型モータでは必要不可欠であった潤滑用オイルを大幅に低減することができ、リサイクル性が高まるだけではなく、オイルに溶け込む冷媒量が減ることから、圧縮機に充填する冷媒量を削減でき、地球環境の保全にも貢献できる。また、リニア圧縮機の能力を駆動周波数により制御することから、回転型モータを駆動源とする圧縮機と同様、該リニア圧縮機は構造上の制約を受けずに最大能力で運転可能となり、しかも定格能力での効率を最大とするような設計を行うことができる。この結果、リニア圧縮機を用いた冷蔵庫の小型化及び高効率化を図ることができる。
【０２８１】
本発明（請求項１１）に係る極低温冷凍機によれば、シリンダ及びピストンを有し、該ピストンの運動によりシリンダ内の流体を圧縮する圧縮機を備えた極低温冷凍機であって、固定子及び可動子を有し、該可動子を含むばね振動系が形成されるよう該可動子をばね支持した、上記ピストンを駆動するリニア振動モータと、該リニア振動モータを駆動制御するモータ駆動制御装置とを備え、該モータ駆動制御装置は、請求項１から８のいずれかに記載のモータ駆動制御装置である、ことを特徴とするので、従来の回転型モータに比べて、摩擦損が低減でき、さらには冷媒の高圧と低圧とのシール性が上昇し圧縮機効率が上昇する。さらに、摩擦損が低減できることから、回転型モータでは必要不可欠であった潤滑用オイルを大幅に低減することができ、リサイクル性が高まるだけではなく、オイルに溶け込む冷媒量が減ることから、圧縮機に充填する冷媒量を削減でき、地球環境の保全にも貢献できる。また、リニア圧縮機の能力を駆動周波数により制御することから、回転型モータを駆動源とする圧縮機と同様、該リニア圧縮機は構造上の制約を受けずに最大能力で運転可能となり、しかも定格能力での効率を最大とするような設計を行うことができる。この結果、リニア圧縮機を用いた極低温冷凍機の小型化及び高効率化を図ることができる。
【０２８２】
本発明（請求項１２）に係る給湯器によれば、シリンダ及びピストンを有し、該ピストンの運動によりシリンダ内の流体を圧縮する圧縮機を備えた給湯器であって、固定子及び可動子を有し、該可動子を含むばね振動系が形成されるよう該可動子をばね支持した、上記ピストンを駆動するリニア振動モータと、該リニア振動モータを駆動制御するモータ駆動制御装置とを備え、該モータ駆動制御装置は、請求項１から８のいずれかに記載のモータ駆動制御装置である、ことを特徴とするので、従来の回転型モータに比べて、摩擦損が低減でき、さらには冷媒の高圧と低圧とのシール性が上昇し圧縮機効率が上昇する。さらに、摩擦損が低減できることから、回転型モータでは必要不可欠であった潤滑用オイルを大幅に低減することができ、リサイクル性が高まるだけではなく、オイルに溶け込む冷媒量が減ることから、圧縮機に充填する冷媒量を削減でき、地球環境の保全にも貢献できる。また、リニア圧縮機の能力を駆動周波数により制御することから、回転型モータを駆動源とする圧縮機と同様、該リニア圧縮機は構造上の制約を受けずに最大能力で運転可能となり、しかも定格能力での効率を最大とするような設計を行うことができる。この結果、リニア圧縮機を用いた給湯器の小型化及び高効率化を図ることができる。
【０２８３】
本発明（請求項１３）に係る携帯電話によれば、振動を発生するリニア振動モータと、該リニア振動モータを駆動制御するモータ駆動制御装置とを備えた携帯電話であって、上記リニア振動モータは、固定子及び可動子を有し、該可動子を含むばね振動系が形成されるよう該可動子をばね支持したものであり、上記モータ駆動制御装置は、請求項１から８のいずれかに記載のモータ駆動制御装置である、ことを特徴とするので、振動数と振幅（振動）の大きさという２つの自由度で振動を外部に伝えることができ、このため、従来の回転型モータを用いて振動を発生する場合に比べて、振動のバリエーションの多彩なものとできる。さらに、リニア振動モータの出力を駆動周波数の調整により制御するので、該リニア振動モータは構造上の制約を受けずに最大能力で運転でき、より強力な振動を発生することができる。

【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施の形態１によるモータ駆動装置を説明するブロック図である。
【図２】本発明の実施の形態２によるモータ駆動装置を説明するブロック図である。
【図３】本発明の実施の形態３によるモータ駆動装置を説明する図であり、図(a)は該モータ駆動装置のブロック図、図(b)及び図(c)は、それぞれ該モータ駆動装置の動作の一例を示す図である。
【図４】本発明の実施の形態４によるモータ駆動装置を説明する図であり、図(a)は該モータ駆動装置のブロック図、図(b)は、該モータ駆動装置の動作の一例を示す図である。
【図５】本発明の実施の形態５によるモータ駆動装置を説明する図であり、図(a)は該モータ駆動装置のブロック図、図(b)及び図(c)は、それぞれ該モータ駆動装置の動作の一例を示す図である。
【図６】上記実施の形態５のモータ駆動装置の駆動原理を説明するための図であり、該モータ駆動装置により駆動されるリニア振動モータの等価回路（図(a)）、及びそのモデル化された力学的特性（図(b)）を示している。
【図７】上記実施の形態５のモータ駆動装置の駆動原理を説明するための図であり、図(a)〜図(d)は、駆動周波数が異なる場合の、上記等価回路の各要素の端子電圧、駆動電圧、及び駆動電流の位相関係をベクトルで示している。
【図８】本発明の実施の形態６によるモータ駆動装置を説明する図であり、図(a)は該モータ駆動装置のブロック図、図(b)及び図(c)は、それぞれ該モータ駆動装置の動作の一例を示す図である。
【図９】本発明の実施の形態７のモータ駆動装置２０７を説明する模式図である。
【図１０】本発明の実施の形態８による空気調和機２０８を説明する模式図である。
【図１１】本発明の実施の形態９による冷蔵庫２０９を説明する模式図である。
【図１２】本発明の実施の形態１０による極低温冷凍機２１０を説明する模式図である。
【図１３】本発明の実施の形態１１による給湯器２１１を説明する模式図である。
【図１４】本発明の実施の形態１２による携帯電話２１２を説明する模式図である。
【符号の説明】
１，１ａ モータドライバ
２，２ａ，２ｂ，２ｃ，２ｄ，２ｅ 駆動周波数決定部
３ 指令出力決定部（目標出力決定部）
４ 出力検出部
５ 位置検出部
６ 共振周波数決定部
７ 駆動電圧決定部
８ 駆動電圧検出部
４０，５０ａ，６０ａ，７０ａ，８０ａ リニア圧縮機
４１ａ シリンダ部
４１ｂ モータ部
４２ ピストン
４３，９２ 支持ばね
４４ マグネット
４５ 電磁石
４６，９５，１００ リニア振動モータ
５０ｂ，６０ｂ，７０ｂ，８０ｂ，９０ｂ モータ駆動制御部
５１ 室内側熱交換器
５１ｂ，５２ｂ，６２ｂ，７２ｂ，８２ｂ，８５ａ 温度センサ
５２ 室外側熱交換器
５３，６３，７３，８３ 絞り装置
５４ 四方弁
５５ 室内機
５６ 室外機
６１ 凝縮器
６２ 冷蔵室蒸発器
７１ 放熱器
７２ 蓄冷器
８１ａ 冷凍サイクル装置
８１ｂ 貯湯槽
８２ 空気熱交換器
８５ 水熱交換器
８７ ポンプ
８８ 貯湯タンク
９０ａ 振動器
９１ ケース
９３ 重り部材
９３ａ マグネット
９４ ステータ
９４ａ コイル
１００ リニア振動モータ
１０１，１０２，１０３，１０４，１０５，１０６，２０７ モータ駆動装置
２０８ 空気調和機
２０９ 冷蔵庫
２１０ 極低温冷凍機
２１１ 給湯器
２１２ 携帯電話
α リニア振動モータの推力定数
Ｄposi 位置検出信号
Ｄreso 共振周波数信号
Ｄdv 電圧検出信号
Ｄop 出力検出信号
Ｈｇ 高圧ガス
Ｉd 駆動電流
Ｉd(t) 駆動電流の瞬時値
Ｉfr 駆動周波数信号
Ｌ 巻線の等価インダクタンス
Ｌｇ 低圧ガス
Ｏmp モータ出力
Ｏop 出力指令信号
Ｏdv 電圧振幅値信号
Ｐrm 可動子の位置
Ｒ 巻線の等価抵抗
Ｖd 駆動電圧
Ｖd(t) 駆動電圧の瞬時値
ｖ(t) 可動子の速度の瞬時値[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a motor drive device, and more particularly to a motor drive device that drives a linear vibration motor having a mover and a spring member that supports the mover.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, devices using a linear vibration motor include a vibration generator that transmits an incoming call by mechanical vibration, such as a mobile phone, a compressor that compresses and circulates a gas or liquid, or a reciprocating electric shaver. In the electric shaver, the linear vibration motor is used as a driving source.
[0003]
A typical linear vibration motor has a single-phase synchronous motor structure, i.e., a mover composed of a permanent magnet and a stator formed by winding a coil around an iron core, and by applying an AC voltage to the coil. The mover reciprocates.
[0004]
When vibration is generated by the reciprocating motion of the mover in this way, a strong electromagnetic force is required. In a linear vibration motor, the mover is supported by a spring member to form a spring vibration system including the mover. Accordingly, the energy required for the driving can be reduced. That is, in the linear vibration motor in which the movable element is supported by the spring member, the linear vibration motor can be driven with small energy by vibrating the spring vibration system including the movable element at its own resonance frequency.
[0005]
Further, a method of controlling the output of a linear vibration motor having such a movable element as a spring supported is to adjust the amplitude value of the voltage or current applied to the linear vibration motor while driving the linear vibration motor at its resonance frequency. There is a method (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0006]
However, in the linear vibration motor, when the stroke length of the mover becomes larger than a certain allowable value, problems such as collision between the mover and the motor housing and breakage of the support spring occur. It is limited by the structure of the linear vibration motor.
[0007]
For example, when the elongation of the support spring exceeds a certain value due to an increase in the stroke length of the mover, the support spring undergoes plastic deformation and breaks. Also, when the stroke length of the mover is as large as the dimension of the motor case in the direction of vibration of the mover, the mover collides with the inner wall of the motor case and is broken.
[0008]
Therefore, in a driving device for driving a linear vibration motor, a detection unit such as a position sensor for detecting the position of the mover of the linear vibration motor is provided, and when the stroke length of the mover becomes larger than a certain allowable value, the linear vibration motor Output, that is, the amplitude of the applied voltage or applied current to the linear vibration motor is reduced, whereby the mover collides with the motor housing or the like, or the support spring extends beyond the limit value. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-163,086 discloses a device that prevents a linear vibration motor from being destroyed.
[0009]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-2001-193993 (FIG. 1)
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-11-324911 (FIG. 1)
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above-described conventional linear vibration motor driving device (hereinafter, also referred to as a motor driving device) converts the frequency of the reciprocating motion of the movable element to the resonance frequency of a spring vibration system including the movable element. In order to hold and drive, the output of the linear vibration motor is adjusted only by the stroke length of the mover. As a result, the maximum output of the linear vibration motor is limited by the structure of the linear vibration motor, and further, the maximum output of the linear vibration motor is limited by the power supply voltage input to the motor driving device. There is.
[0011]
First, the limitation of the motor output due to the structure of the linear vibration motor will be described in detail.
In a linear vibration motor, the maximum stroke length of the mover is the length of the housing of the linear vibration motor that houses the mover in the vibration direction of the mover and the length corresponding to the elastic limit of the spring that supports the mover. Only the shorter of them can be enlarged.
[0012]
Therefore, in order to increase the maximum output of the linear vibration motor, the dimension of the housing of the linear vibration motor in the direction of vibration of the mover is increased so that the stroke length of the mover can be increased. There is no other way but to take measures to increase the elastic limit length of the linear vibration motor, or to increase the spring constant of the spring supporting the mover to increase the resonance frequency of the linear vibration motor.
[0013]
For this reason, in the conventional linear vibration motor, the mechanical configuration is determined based on the required maximum output, and therefore, when the maximum output is increased, not only the size is increased but also the size is increased. There has been a problem that the motor efficiency in the most frequently used output region, that is, the ratio of the motor output to the motor input may be reduced.
[0014]
For example, taking a case where the linear vibration motor is applied to a compressor of an air conditioner (hereinafter also referred to as an air conditioner) as an example, specifically, the most frequently used output region is a rapid heating operation. This is not a high output region where high motor output is generated, such as when a high-cooling operation is performed, but a low output region where the motor output is about 10 to 20% of the motor output in the above high output region. In such a low output range, the stroke width of the mover becomes small, so that the motor efficiency decreases. In the compressor, the top clearance is widened due to the decrease in the stroke width of the piston, and the power is reduced.
[0015]
Next, the limitation of the motor output by the power supply voltage of the linear vibration motor will be described in detail.
In the above-described conventional motor drive device, the voltage value of the applied voltage is adjusted by intermittent application of the drive voltage to the linear vibration motor so that the movable element has a desired stroke length. Specifically, when the output required for the linear vibration motor increases, the voltage value of the voltage applied to the linear vibration motor is increased so that the stroke length of the mover increases.
[0016]
However, when a general inverter is used for the motor driving device, the motor driving device cannot output an AC voltage whose amplitude value is larger than the voltage level of the input DC voltage. In other words, even if an attempt is made to increase the stroke length of the mover by increasing the amplitude value of the drive voltage applied to the linear vibration motor, the motor drive device only controls the AC voltage whose amplitude value is equal to or less than the voltage level of the input voltage. Cannot be applied to the vibration motor. As a result, the maximum output of the linear vibration motor is limited by the level of the DC voltage input to the motor driving device.
[0017]
In this case, the only way to increase the maximum output of the linear vibration motor is to reduce the number of windings of the coil constituting the stator of the linear vibration motor. In other words, by reducing the number of turns of the coil constituting the stator of the linear vibration motor, the magnitude of the induced voltage generated by the linear vibration motor changes, and the balance between the drive voltage and the drive current, that is, the drive current and the drive voltage Will be changed.
[0018]
For this reason, in the conventional linear vibration motor, the number of turns of the coil constituting the stator of the linear vibration motor is determined on the basis of the required maximum output, and the most frequently used output region is determined. There is a problem that there is a possibility that the motor efficiency may be reduced in the motor.
[0019]
For example, if the number of windings of the motor coil is reduced so that the maximum output of the linear vibration motor increases, the amount of current in the most frequently used output region, that is, in the output region where the motor output is low, increases, and consequently, In addition, motor efficiency decreases due to an increase in copper loss and iron loss in the motor and an increase in loss in the inverter.
[0020]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and can adjust the motor output while keeping the voltage level of the drive voltage of the linear vibration motor constant, thereby achieving linear vibration An object of the present invention is to provide a motor drive device capable of easily controlling the output of a motor and increasing the maximum output of a linear vibration motor without changing the specifications of the linear vibration motor and its power supply. .
[0024]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
This invention (claim1)Pertain toMotor driveIs a motor drive device for driving a linear vibration motor having a movable element provided to be able to reciprocate and a spring member supporting the movable element, and supplies an AC voltage as a drive voltage to the linear vibration motor. A motor driver, a drive frequency determination unit that determines a drive frequency of the linear vibration motor, and a position detection unit that detects the position of the mover,When the detected position of the movable element does not exceed a predetermined reference position, the drive frequency determining unit sets the drive frequency to a resonance frequency at which a spring vibration system including the movable element is in a resonance state. When the determined position of the mover exceeds the reference position, the drive frequency is determined to be higher than the resonance frequency, and the motor driver controls the AC voltage supplied to the linear vibration motor. The frequency is adjusted to match the drive frequency determined by the drive frequency determiner, and the stroke of the mover is controlled.
[0025]
This invention (claim2) Is the claim1In the motor driving device described above, the drive frequency determination unit is configured such that, when the detected position of the mover exceeds the reference position, the drive frequency does not exceed the drive frequency, and the detected position of the mover does not exceed the reference position. Changing to a frequency.
[0026]
This invention (claim3) Is the claim1In the motor drive device described above, a target output determination unit that determines a target output that is a motor output required for the linear vibration motor, an output detection unit that detects a motor output of the linear vibration motor, and the detected motor A drive voltage determination unit that determines a target voltage value of a drive voltage of the linear vibration motor so that a difference between the output and the determined target output becomes zero, wherein the motor driver supplies the drive voltage to the linear vibration motor. The frequency and the voltage value of the AC voltage to be driven are such that the voltage value of the AC voltage is the target voltage value determined by the drive voltage determination unit, and the frequency of the AC voltage is the drive voltage determined by the drive frequency determination unit. The frequency is adjusted to match the frequency.
[0027]
This invention (claim4) Is the claim1 to 3In the motor drive device described in any one of the above, the reference position is determined based on an elastic limit value of a spring member supporting the mover.
[0028]
This invention (claim5) Is the claim1 to 3In the motor drive device according to any one of the above, the reference position is determined based on a position at which the mover collides with a part constituting the linear vibration motor or a part of a device incorporating the linear vibration motor. Is characterized in that:
[0029]
This invention (claim6)Pertain toMotor driveIs a motor drive device for driving a linear vibration motor having a movable element provided to be able to reciprocate and a spring member supporting the movable element, and supplies an AC voltage as a drive voltage to the linear vibration motor. A motor driver, a drive frequency determination unit that determines a drive frequency of the linear vibration motor, a target output determination unit that determines a target output that is a motor output required for the linear vibration motor, and a motor output of the linear vibration motor. And a drive voltage determination unit that determines a target voltage value of the drive voltage of the linear vibration motor so that a difference between the detected motor output and the determined target output becomes zero. Prepare,When the determined target voltage value does not exceed a predetermined reference value, the drive frequency determination unit determines the drive frequency to be a resonance frequency at which a spring vibration system including the mover is in a resonance state. If the determined target voltage value exceeds the reference value, the drive frequency is determined to be higher than the resonance frequency, and the motor driver controls the frequency of the AC voltage supplied to the linear vibration motor and The voltage value is adjusted so that the voltage value of the AC voltage becomes the target voltage value determined by the drive voltage determination unit, and the frequency of the AC voltage matches the drive frequency determined by the drive frequency determination unit. Then, the motor output and the stroke of the mover are controlled.
[0030]
This invention (claim7) Is the claim6In the motor driving device described above, the reference value is determined based on a voltage value of a DC power supply supplied to the motor driver, and the driving frequency determination unit determines that the determined target voltage value is the reference value. If the driving voltage exceeds the reference value, the driving frequency is changed to a frequency at which the determined target voltage value does not exceed the reference value.
[0031]
This invention (claim8)Pertain toMotor driveIs a motor drive device for driving a linear vibration motor having a movable element provided to be able to reciprocate and a spring member supporting the movable element, and supplies an AC voltage as a drive voltage to the linear vibration motor. A motor driver,A drive frequency determiner for determining a drive frequency of the linear vibration motor, a target output determiner for determining a target output which is a motor output required for the linear vibration motor, and an output for detecting a motor output of the linear vibration motor A detection unit, a drive voltage determination unit that determines a target voltage value of a drive voltage of the linear vibration motor so that a difference between the detected motor output and the determined target output becomes zero, and the linear vibration motor. A drive voltage detection unit that detects an actual voltage value of the drive voltage of the drive voltage, wherein the drive frequency determination unit determines the detected actual voltage value based on a voltage value of a DC power supply supplied to the motor driver. If the reference frequency is not exceeded, the drive frequency is determined to be a resonance frequency at which the spring vibration system including the mover is in a resonance state, and the detected frequency is determined. If the voltage value exceeds the reference value, the drive frequency is determined to be higher than the resonance frequency, and the motor driver sets the frequency and voltage value of the AC voltage supplied to the linear vibration motor to The voltage value of the AC voltage is adjusted to the target voltage value determined by the drive voltage determination unit, and the frequency of the AC voltage is adjusted to match the drive frequency determined by the drive frequency determination unit. And controlling the stroke of the mover.
[0032]
This invention (claim9Pertaining toAir conditionerIs an air conditioner having a cylinder and a piston, and a compressor for compressing a fluid in the cylinder by reciprocating motion of the piston, the air conditioner having a stator and a mover, and a spring vibration including the mover. A linear vibration motor that reciprocates the piston and that supports the mover by spring so that a system is formed; and a motor drive device that drives the linear vibration motor.8A motor drive device according to any one of the above.
[0033]
This invention (claim10Pertaining torefrigeratorIs a refrigerator having a cylinder and a piston, and a compressor that compresses the fluid in the cylinder by reciprocating motion of the piston, having a stator and a mover, and a spring vibration system including the mover is provided. A linear vibration motor for reciprocating the piston, which spring-supports the mover so as to be formed, and a motor driving device for driving the linear vibration motor, wherein the motor driving device comprises8A motor drive device according to any one of the above.
[0034]
This invention (claim11Pertaining toCryogenic refrigeratorIs a cryogenic refrigerator having a cylinder and a piston, and a compressor for compressing fluid in the cylinder by reciprocating motion of the piston, comprising a stator and a mover, and a spring including the mover. A linear vibration motor that reciprocates the piston and that supports the mover by a spring so as to form a vibration system; and a motor drive device that drives the linear vibration motor.8A motor drive device according to any one of the above.
[0035]
This invention (claim12Pertaining toWater heaterIs a water heater provided with a compressor having a cylinder and a piston and compressing a fluid in the cylinder by reciprocating motion of the piston, comprising a stator and a mover, and a spring vibration system including the mover. A linear vibration motor that reciprocates the piston and spring-supports the mover such that a movable member is formed, and a motor driving device that drives the linear vibration motor.8A motor drive device according to any one of the above.
[0036]
This invention (claimThirteenA mobile phone according to the present invention is a mobile phone including a linear vibration motor that generates vibration, and a motor driving device that drives the linear vibration motor, wherein the linear vibration motor has a stator and a mover. , Wherein the movable element is spring-supported so as to form a spring vibration system including the movable element.8A motor drive device according to any one of the above.
[0037]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a block diagram for explaining a motor drive device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
The motor drive device 101 according to the first embodiment requires a linear vibration motor 100 having a stator and a mover, and a support spring that supports the mover so that a spring vibration system including the mover is formed. It is driven at a drive frequency corresponding to the motor output to be performed. Here, the stator is constituted by an electromagnet formed by winding a coil around an iron core, and the mover is constituted by a permanent magnet.
[0038]
That is, the motor drive device 101 has a command output determining unit 3 that determines a target output which is a motor output required for the linear vibration motor 100 and outputs an output command signal Oop indicating the determined target output. are doing.
[0039]
Further, the motor driving device 101 determines a driving frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 based on the output command signal Oop, and outputs a driving frequency signal Ifr indicating the determined driving frequency. A motor driver 1 that applies an AC voltage Vd having a predetermined frequency as a drive voltage to the linear vibration motor 100 based on the frequency signal Ifr.
[0040]
Hereinafter, the motor driver 1, the drive frequency determination unit 2, and the command output determination unit 3 that constitute the motor drive device 101 will be described in detail.
The motor driver 1 receives a DC voltage Vp having a constant voltage level from an external power supply 10 and, based on the driving frequency signal Ifr from the driving frequency determining unit 2, determines the driving frequency and the driving frequency determined by the driving frequency determining unit 2. A constant amplitude AC voltage Vd having a coincident frequency is generated, and the AC voltage Vd is applied to the linear vibration motor 100 as a drive voltage. Here, the motor driver 1 outputs the AC voltage Vd having a constant amplitude value, but the motor driver 1 may change the amplitude value of the output AC voltage Vd. Good. In this case, the output of the linear vibration motor 100 can be more finely controlled. Further, the motor driver 1 may apply an AC voltage on which a DC voltage for correcting a vibration center of the reciprocating movable element of the linear vibration motor 100 is superimposed to the linear vibration motor.
[0041]
The motor driver 1 can be specifically realized by a power amplifier using a transistor or an inverter using a switching element. Here, a power amplifier using a transistor can be easily realized by using a circuit configuration generally used in an audio power amplifier or the like. In addition, the power amplifier has a feature that the noise of the output voltage is small because the AC voltage is generated by the smooth increase and decrease of the transistor output. On the other hand, in the inverter using the switching element, the on-resistance is zero and the off-resistance is infinite in the switching element, so that the energy loss in the switching operation is ideally zero, and the linear vibration motor 100 has high efficiency. It has the feature that it can be driven.
[0042]
The command output determining unit 3 determines a target output, which is a motor output required for the linear vibration motor 100, from among an operation state of the linear vibration motor 100 and an operation state of a device that uses the linear vibration motor as a drive source. The determination is made based on at least one operation state.
[0043]
Here, the operation state of the linear vibration motor 100 depends on, for example, the capability required of the linear vibration motor, and there are various types depending on the application form of the linear vibration motor. For example, when the linear vibration motor 100 is applied to a vibration generator of a mobile phone that notifies an incoming call by vibration, the capability required for the linear vibration motor changes rhythmically the strength of the vibration that notifies the user of the incoming call. It is like doing.
[0044]
In addition, there are various operating states of the device using the linear vibration motor 100 as a drive source depending on the type of the device. For example, when the linear vibration motor 100 is applied to a compressor, the operating state of the device is the pressure and temperature of the fluid to be compressed. In particular, when this compressor is mounted on an air conditioner, the operating state of the above-mentioned equipment is the indoor temperature or the outdoor temperature. Further, when the compressor is mounted on a refrigerator, the operation state of the device is a temperature in a refrigerator or the like. Furthermore, when the linear vibration motor 100 is applied to a shaving machine, the operating state of the above-mentioned device is the beard density. As described above, the operation state of the device is a state of a load applied to the device.
[0045]
The drive frequency determination unit 2 drives the linear vibration motor 100 based on the command output indicated by the output command signal Oop, that is, the motor output required for the linear vibration motor 100 determined by the command output determination unit 3. The frequency is determined, and a drive frequency signal Ifr indicating the determined drive frequency is output to the motor driver 1.
[0046]
Here, as a specific method of determining the drive frequency, a method using a table or a calculation formula that associates the value of the command output indicated by the output command signal Oop with the value of the drive frequency can be considered. Further, in a specific example of the correspondence between the value of the command output and the value of the drive frequency, for example, the value of the drive frequency is more distant from the resonance frequency as the value of the command output associated therewith is smaller. A frequency value may be used. Such a correspondence is generated when the driving frequency of the linear vibration motor matches the resonance frequency, the motor output generated by the linear vibration motor becomes maximum, and the driving frequency of the linear vibration motor moves away from the resonance frequency. This is based on the phenomenon that the motor output decreases. Here, the resonance frequency is a drive frequency of the linear vibration motor at which the spring vibration system including the mover is in a resonance state.
[0047]
Next, the operation will be described.
In the first embodiment, the motor driving device 101 determines a drive frequency at which the linear vibration motor 100 generates a desired motor output, and supplies the linear vibration motor 100 with an amplitude having a frequency that matches the determined drive frequency. The linear vibration motor 100 is driven by applying a constant value AC voltage Vd.
[0048]
That is, in the motor drive device 101, when the AC voltage Vd output from the motor driver 1 is applied to the linear vibration motor 100 and the operation of the linear vibration motor is started, the command output determination unit 3 causes the linear vibration motor 100 The motor output required for the linear vibration motor 100 is determined based on the operation state of the linear vibration motor or the operation state of the device equipped with the linear vibration motor as a drive source, and the output command signal Oop indicating the determined motor output is driven. It is output to the frequency determination unit 2.
[0049]
Then, the drive frequency determination unit 2 determines the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 based on the output command signal Oop from the command output determination unit 3, and generates the drive frequency signal Ifr indicating the determined drive frequency. Output to the motor driver 1.
[0050]
In the motor driver 1, the frequency of the generated AC voltage Vd is adjusted based on the driving frequency signal Ifr so as to match the driving frequency determined by the driving frequency determining unit 2, and the frequency matching the driving frequency is adjusted. The AC voltage Vd having a constant amplitude value is output from the motor driver 1 to the linear vibration motor 100.
[0051]
Here, when the linear vibration motor is driven by the pulse voltage supplied from the motor driver 1, the adjustment of the alternating current is performed by changing the frequency of the pulse signal output from the oscillator. When this oscillator is a VCO (voltage-controlled oscillator) whose output pulse frequency changes by voltage control, the motor output is controlled by adjusting the control voltage of the VCO. This output control is simpler than the case where the motor output is controlled by a dedicated hardware or the like to control the duty ratio of the pulse signal output from the oscillator.
[0052]
As described above, in the motor driving device 101 according to the first embodiment, the command output determining unit 3 that determines the motor output required for the linear vibration motor 100 based on the operation state of the linear vibration motor 100 and the like, A drive frequency determining unit 2 for determining the drive frequency of the motor 100 based on the motor output determined by the command output determiner 3; and a constant amplitude AC having a frequency that matches the determined drive frequency. Since the voltage Vd is applied to the linear vibration motor 100, the output of the linear vibration motor can be controlled by adjusting the frequency of the AC voltage applied to the linear vibration motor while maintaining its amplitude level constant. Accordingly, output control of the linear vibration motor can be easily performed.
[0053]
In addition, since the output of the linear vibration motor can be adjusted by the frequency of the AC voltage, the maximum output of the linear vibration motor can be increased without changing the specifications of the linear vibration motor and its power supply. The maximum output of the motor is not restricted by the structure of the linear vibration motor or the voltage level of the external DC power supply.
[0054]
(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a motor driving device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
The motor driving device 102 according to the second embodiment includes a linear vibration motor 100 having a stator, a movable element, and a support spring that supports the movable element so that a spring vibration system including the movable element is formed. The drive is performed while adjusting the drive frequency so that the difference between the motor output and the required motor output is reduced. The linear vibration motor 100 according to the second embodiment is the same as that according to the first embodiment.
[0055]
That is, the motor drive device 102 determines a target output which is a motor output required for the linear vibration motor 100, and outputs the output command signal Oop indicating the determined target output to the command output determining unit 3; An output detection unit 4 that detects a motor output Omp generated by the vibration motor 100 and outputs an output detection signal Dop indicating the detected motor output.
[0056]
Further, the motor driving device 102 determines a driving frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 based on the output command signal Oop and the output detection signal Dop, and outputs a driving frequency signal Ifr indicating the determined driving frequency. A motor driver 1 for applying an AC voltage Vd having a predetermined frequency to the linear vibration motor 100 based on the driving frequency signal Ifr.
[0057]
Hereinafter, the motor driver 1, the drive frequency determination unit 2a, the command output determination unit 3, and the output detection unit 4 that constitute the motor drive device 102 will be described in detail.
Here, the motor driver 1 and the command output detection unit 3 are the same as those in the motor driving device 101 of the first embodiment.
[0058]
The output detector 4 detects the motor output Omp generated by the linear vibration motor 100 and outputs an output detection signal Dop indicating the estimated motor output. As a specific detection method in the output detection unit 4, at least one of the operating state of the linear vibration motor 100 or the operating state of the system in which the linear vibration motor 100 is incorporated is detected, There is a method of estimating the motor output Omp generated by the linear vibration motor 100 based on the detected operating state.
[0059]
The drive frequency determination unit 2a calculates a difference between the motor output determined by the command output determination unit 3 indicated by the output command signal Oop and the motor output detected by the output detection unit 4 indicated by the output detection signal Dop. Is determined by adjusting the driving frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 so that the value becomes zero.
[0060]
Specifically, the drive frequency determination unit 2a performs an output comparison process between the command output and the detection output. As a result of the output comparison process, if the detection output is lower than the command output, the drive frequency determination unit 2a increases the detection output so that the detection output increases. The frequency is adjusted by changing the frequency, and conversely, if the detected output is higher than the command output, the drive frequency is changed so that the detected output decreases.
[0061]
However, a change in the drive frequency at which the detection output increases and a change in the drive frequency at which the detection output decreases cannot be uniquely determined in any one of the increasing direction and the decreasing direction of the driving frequency. This is because, depending on the operating state of the linear vibration motor 100, the motor output may increase even if the drive frequency is reduced, or the motor output may decrease even if the drive frequency is increased.
[0062]
Therefore, in the second embodiment, when changing the drive frequency, the drive frequency determination unit 2a determines whether the motor output has increased or decreased when the drive frequency was changed last time. Is determined based on the motor output detected before and after the change, and based on the determination result, the drive frequency is increased in an appropriate direction in the increasing direction or the decreasing direction so that the detected motor output approaches the required motor output. To change.
[0063]
Next, the operation will be described.
In the second embodiment, the motor drive device 102 drives the linear vibration motor while performing feedback control on the motor output of the linear vibration motor 100 to match the required motor output.
[0064]
That is, in the motor driving device 102, when the AC voltage Vd output from the motor driver 1 is applied to the linear vibration motor 100 and the operation of the linear vibration motor is started, the command output determining unit 3 determines the first embodiment. As in the case of the motor driving device 101, the motor output required for the linear vibration motor 100 is determined based on the operation state of the linear vibration motor 100 or the operation state of a device equipped with the linear vibration motor as a drive source. An output command signal Oop indicating the motor output is output to the drive frequency determination unit 2a.
[0065]
The output detection section 4 detects a motor output Omp generated by the linear vibration motor 100, and outputs an output detection signal Dop indicating the detected motor output to the drive frequency determination section 2a.
[0066]
Then, based on the output command signal Oop from the command output decision unit 3 and the output detection signal Dop from the output detection unit 4, the drive frequency determination unit 2a controls the linear vibration motor so that the detection output matches the command output. A drive frequency of 100 is determined, and a drive frequency signal Ifr indicating the determined drive frequency is output to the motor driver 1.
[0067]
Specifically, the drive frequency determination unit 2a compares the command output with the detection output. As a result of the comparison between the two outputs, if the detected output is lower than the command output, the drive frequency is changed so that the detected output increases, and conversely, if the detected output is higher than the command output, the detected output decreases. Frequency adjustment for changing the driving frequency is performed.
[0068]
Then, in the motor driver 1, as in the first embodiment, the frequency of the generated AC voltage Vd is adjusted based on the drive frequency signal Ifr so as to match the drive frequency determined by the drive frequency determination unit 2a. A constant amplitude AC voltage Vd having a frequency that matches the drive frequency is output from the motor driver 1 to the linear vibration motor 100.
[0069]
As described above, in the motor driving device 102 according to the second embodiment, the command output determining unit 3 that determines the motor output required for the linear vibration motor 100 and the output detection that detects the motor output Omp generated by the linear vibration motor 100 A drive frequency determination unit 2a for determining a drive frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 such that the motor output detected by the output detection unit 4 matches the motor output determined by the command output determination unit 3; Is applied, and the constant amplitude AC voltage Vd having a frequency that matches the determined driving frequency is applied to the linear vibration motor 100. Therefore, as in the first embodiment, the output of the linear vibration motor is transmitted to the linear vibration motor. It can be adjusted while maintaining the amplitude level of the applied AC voltage constant, and the maximum output of the linear vibration motor is It can be increased without making a specification change of the motor or its power supply.
[0070]
Furthermore, in the second embodiment, the motor output generated by the linear vibration motor is detected, and the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 is adjusted so that the detected motor output matches the command output. The control of the motor output for the motor is a feedback control aiming at the command output determined by the command output determining unit 3, and has the effect of enabling stable and highly accurate output control for the linear vibration motor.
[0071]
(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 3A is a block diagram illustrating a motor driving device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
The motor driving device 103 according to the third embodiment includes a linear vibration motor 100 having a stator and a mover, and a support spring that supports the mover such that a spring vibration system including the mover is formed. The drive is performed at a drive frequency determined based on the position of the mover. The linear vibration motor 100 according to the third embodiment is the same as that according to the first embodiment.
[0072]
In other words, the motor driving device 103 detects the position of the reciprocating mover of the linear vibration motor 100, and outputs a position detection signal Dposi indicating the detected position of the mover, A resonance frequency determining unit 6 that outputs a resonance frequency signal Dreso indicating the resonance frequency of the linear vibration motor 100, and a drive frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 is determined and determined based on the position detection signal Dposi and the resonance frequency signal Dreso. And a motor driver 1 that applies a constant amplitude AC voltage Vd having a predetermined frequency to the linear vibration motor 100 based on the drive frequency signal Ifr. It is composed of
[0073]
Hereinafter, the motor driver 1, the position detecting unit 5, the resonance frequency determining unit 6, and the driving frequency determining unit 2 b configuring the motor driving device 103 will be described in detail.
Here, the motor driver 1 is the same as that in the motor driving device 101 of the first embodiment.
[0074]
The position detector 5 detects the position of the movable element that reciprocates. A specific method for detecting the position of the mover is to detect the position of the mover when the reciprocating mover comes closest to the position sensor, for example, by using a position sensor arranged in a linear vibration motor. There is a way. Here, the position sensor is disposed, for example, at a predetermined position on a straight line along the vibration direction of the mover.
[0075]
The method of detecting the position of the mover is not limited to the method of detecting the position of the mover when the mover is closest to the position sensor as described above. For example, a system in which the linear vibration motor 100 is incorporated There is also a method of measuring the distance between a specific position in the inside and the mover by a position sensor to detect the position of the mover. Further, as a method of detecting the position of the mover without using the position sensor, the position of the mover is determined based on the mass of the mover, the spring constant of the support spring, the drive voltage and the drive current applied to the linear vibration motor. There is a way to estimate.
[0076]
Here, the resonance frequency determination unit 6 outputs a resonance frequency signal Dreo indicating a resonance frequency, which is one natural frequency of the spring vibration system, which is estimated from the mass and the spring constant of the mover of the linear vibration motor. It is.
[0077]
However, the resonance frequency determination unit 6 is not limited to outputting a signal indicating one natural frequency estimated from the mass and the spring constant of the mover. The resonance frequency of the spring vibration system may be determined based on the load state of the vibration motor 100, and a signal indicating the determined resonance frequency may be output. In this case, there is a method of determining the resonance frequency according to the operation state by using a table including a plurality of sets of the mass of the mover, the spring constant, and the load state of the linear vibration motor 100 and the resonance frequency. . Here, since the mass of the mover and the spring constant have constant values, the table specifically includes values of parameters indicating a plurality of load states of the linear vibration motor and the load states of the individual load states. Is associated with the value of the resonance frequency. If the change in the resonance frequency according to the change in the load state of the linear vibration motor can be neglected, the resonance frequency determination unit 6 outputs a resonance frequency signal indicating one representative value of the resonance frequency. In this case, a table for associating the value of the parameter indicating the load state with the value of the resonance frequency is unnecessary.
[0078]
When the resonance frequency greatly changes depending on the load state of the linear vibration motor 100, the resonance frequency is determined by adjusting the frequency of the alternating current supplied to the linear vibration motor so as to satisfy a certain condition as described below. A decision method is used. For example, the following two resonance frequency determination methods can be considered.
[0079]
First, in the first resonance frequency determination method, when the phase of the displacement of the mover and the phase of the alternating current supplied to the linear vibration motor 100 are shifted by 90 °, the frequency of the supplied current is the resonance frequency of the linear vibration motor. It is a method that utilizes certain things. In this method, the frequency of the supply current is adjusted so that the phase of the displacement of the mover and the phase of the supply current are shifted by 90 °, and the frequency obtained by the adjustment is determined as the resonance frequency.
[0080]
In the second resonance frequency determination method, when the amplitude of the alternating current (supply current) supplied to the linear vibration motor 100 is kept constant, the frequency of the supply current when the power supplied to the motor is maximized is: This is a method utilizing the resonance frequency of the linear vibration motor. In this method, while the amplitude value of the supply current is fixed, the frequency of the supply current is changed and adjusted so that the supply power is maximized, and the frequency obtained by the adjustment is determined as the resonance frequency. is there.
[0081]
Specifically, the drive frequency determining unit 2b sets the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 to a resonance frequency in an allowable stroke state in which the position of the mover detected by the position detection unit 5 does not exceed a predetermined reference position. The resonance frequency determined by the frequency determination unit 6 is set, while the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 is determined by the resonance frequency determination unit 6 in the overstroke state where the detection position exceeds the reference position. The frequency is set to be higher than the resonance frequency.
[0082]
Here, the reference position is determined based on an elastic limit value of a spring member supporting the mover. However, the reference position is not limited to the position based on the elastic limit value of the spring member, and the movable element may be moved so that the movable element collides with a part constituting the linear vibration motor or a part of a device incorporating the linear vibration motor. It may be determined based on the limit position of the child. Actually, when the possibility of the armature collision is higher than the possibility of spring breakage, the reference position is determined based on the limit position. Conversely, when the possibility of spring breakage is higher, The reference position is determined based on the elastic limit value of the spring member.
[0083]
Next, the operation will be described.
In the third embodiment, the motor driving device 103 drives the linear vibration motor 100 at a driving frequency corresponding to the position of the movable element that reciprocates.
[0084]
That is, in the motor driving device 103, when the AC voltage Vd is applied from the motor driver 1 to the linear vibration motor 100 and the operation of the linear vibration motor is started, the reciprocating motion of the linear vibration motor 100 is Is performed, and a position detection signal Dposi indicating the detected position of the mover is output from the position detector 5 to the drive frequency determiner 2b.
[0085]
In addition, the resonance frequency determination unit 6 outputs a resonance frequency signal Dreso indicating the resonance frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 to the drive frequency determination unit 2b.
[0086]
Then, the drive frequency determination unit 2b determines the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 based on the position detection signal Dposi from the position detection unit 5 and the resonance frequency signal Dreso from the resonance frequency determination unit 6, and determines the drive frequency. The driving frequency signal Ifr indicating the driving frequency is output to the motor driver 1.
[0087]
Specifically, in the drive frequency determination unit 2b, in the allowable stroke state where the position of the mover detected by the position detection unit 5 does not exceed a predetermined reference position, the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor The resonance frequency is set to the resonance frequency determined by the frequency determination unit 6. On the other hand, in the overstroke state where the detection position exceeds the reference position, the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 is set to a frequency higher than the resonance frequency determined by the resonance frequency determination unit 6.
[0088]
Then, in the motor driver 1, as in the first embodiment, the frequency of the generated AC voltage Vd is adjusted based on the drive frequency signal Ifr so as to match the drive frequency determined by the drive frequency determination unit 2b. A constant amplitude AC voltage Vd having a frequency that matches the drive frequency is output from the motor driver 1 to the linear vibration motor 100.
[0089]
As described above, in the motor driving device 103 according to the third embodiment, the motor driver 1 that drives the linear vibration motor 100 with an AC voltage having a frequency that matches the determined driving frequency, and the position of the mover of the linear vibration motor 100 In the allowable stroke state in which the detected position does not exceed the reference position, the drive frequency is set to the resonance frequency of the linear vibration motor, and the overstroke in which the detected position exceeds the reference position is performed. In the state, since the drive frequency is set to a frequency higher than the resonance frequency, the linear vibration motor is driven in a low output region where the stroke length of the mover does not exceed an allowable range even when the linear vibration motor is driven at the resonance frequency. It can be driven with high efficiency. In addition, when the linear vibration motor is driven at the resonance frequency, in a high-power region where the stroke length of the mover exceeds the allowable range, the stroke length of the mover can be suppressed within the allowable range by changing the drive frequency. Further, it is possible to prevent the movable element from colliding with the motor housing and being damaged, and to prevent the support spring supporting the movable element from being extended beyond its limit and destroyed.
[0090]
In the third embodiment, the drive frequency determination unit 2b determines the drive frequency in accordance with whether the detected position of the mover exceeds a predetermined reference position. However, the following method can also be used.
[0091]
<Modification 1 of method for determining drive frequency>
FIG. 3B is a diagram illustrating an example in which two reference positions are used in the drive frequency determination method according to the third embodiment.
In the first modification, as shown in FIG. 3B, the drive frequency determination unit 2b determines the drive frequency Fx by using the first reference position Pb1 and the first reference position Pb1 that are set in order from the limit position Plit of the mover. The second reference position Pb2 is used.
[0092]
Then, in a state where the stroke of the mover is increasing (see arrow X1 in FIG. 3B), only when the stroke increases to such an extent that the detection position Px exceeds the first reference position Pb1, The drive frequency is set to a frequency Fh higher than the resonance frequency. That is, when the detection position Px is between the second reference position Pb2 and the first reference position Pb1, the drive frequency Fx is maintained at the resonance frequency Freso. On the other hand, in the state where the stroke of the mover is decreasing (see arrow Y1 in FIG. 3B), only when the stroke has decreased to such an extent that the detection position Px does not reach the second reference position Pb2. , The driving frequency Fx is set to the resonance frequency Freso. That is, when the detection position Px is between the first reference position Pb1 and the second reference position Pb2, the drive frequency Fx is maintained at the frequency Fh higher than the resonance frequency Freso.
[0093]
In the method of determining the driving frequency using the two reference positions as described above, it is possible to stably determine the driving frequency even when the detected position changes near the reference position.
[0094]
<Modification 2 of method for determining drive frequency>
FIG. 3C is a diagram illustrating an example in which a certain range instead of the reference position is used as the danger zone in the drive frequency determination method according to the third embodiment.
In the second modification, when the detected position of the movable element is within a certain danger zone that is predetermined between the reference position and the limit position, the driving frequency determination unit 2 b The drive frequency is adjusted so that the stroke is reduced.
[0095]
Here, the lower limit position Prb of the danger zone Z1 matches the reference position determined based on the limit position in the third embodiment, and the upper limit position Pru of the danger zone Z1 is constant from the limit position Plim. It is located far away.
[0096]
In the drive frequency determining unit 2b, the drive frequency Fx is maintained at the resonance frequency Freso until the stroke of the mover increases and the detection position Px enters the danger zone Z1. Then, when the detection position Px enters the dangerous zone Z1, frequency adjustment for increasing the drive frequency so as to deviate from the resonance frequency is started. While the detection position Px is located within the danger zone Z1, the drive frequency Fx is set to a frequency farther from the resonance frequency Freso as the detection position Px approaches the upper limit position Pru of the danger zone Z1. Further, when the detection position Px reaches the upper limit position Pru of the danger zone Z1, the drive frequency Fx is set to the maximum frequency Fmax farthest from the resonance frequency Freso. In the state where the detection position Px approaches the limit position Plim beyond the danger zone Z1, the drive frequency Fx is maintained at the maximum frequency Fmax.
[0097]
In addition, when the detection position moves away from the limit position Plim, the drive frequency Fx to be set gradually approaches the resonance frequency Freso in a state where the detection position Px is within the danger zone Z1. When the detection position Px moves away from the limit position Plim beyond the lower limit position Prb of the danger zone Z1, the drive frequency Fx is set to the resonance frequency Freso.
[0098]
Here, in setting the drive frequency Fx in a state where the detection position Px is within the danger zone Z1, the magnitude of the distance between the detection position Px and the lower limit position Prb of the danger zone Z1 and the drive frequency Fx For example, a table or a function indicating the correspondence with the frequency value used is used. The function is not limited to a linear function as shown in FIG. 3 (c), and the larger the distance between the detection position Px and the lower limit position Prb of the dangerous zone Z1 is, the larger the amount of increase in the drive frequency is. , Or higher-order functions such as cubic.
[0099]
In the method of determining the drive frequency using the danger zone as described above, in the allowable stroke state in which the detection position Px is farther from the limit position Plim than the lower limit position Prb, the drive frequency Fx is set to the resonance frequency Freso, and the linearity is maximized. The vibration motor can be driven. In the overstroke state in which the detection position Px exceeds the lower limit position Prb and approaches the limit position Plim, the mover collides with the inner wall of the housing of the linear vibration motor 100, or the support spring of the mover has its limit value. It is possible to suppress a decrease in driving efficiency while avoiding the above-described extension and destruction.
[0100]
<Variation 3 of method for determining drive frequency>
In the third modification, the drive frequency determination unit 2b simply sets the drive frequency Fx as the distance between the detection position Px and the reference position increases in an overstroke state in which the detection position exceeds the reference position. The frequency is set to be higher than the resonance frequency Freso. In this case as well, a table or the like indicating the correspondence between the magnitude of the distance between the detection position and the reference position and the value of the frequency used as the drive frequency is used for setting the drive frequency.
[0101]
According to the method of determining the drive frequency according to the degree at which the detection position exceeds the reference position, the overstroke state of the mover can be quickly and reliably returned to the allowable stroke state. 2b can have a relatively simple circuit configuration.
[0102]
(Embodiment 4)
FIG. 4A is a block diagram illustrating a motor driving device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
[0103]
The motor driving device 104 according to the fourth embodiment includes a linear vibration motor 100 having a stator, a movable element, and a support spring that supports the movable element so that a spring vibration system including the movable element is formed. While driving at a drive frequency determined based on the position of the mover, the amplitude value of the AC voltage applied as a drive voltage to the linear vibration motor is adjusted so that the motor output matches the required output. is there. The linear vibration motor 100 according to the fourth embodiment is the same as that according to the first embodiment.
[0104]
That is, the motor driving device 104 detects the motor output generated by the linear vibration motor 100, and outputs an output detection signal Dop indicating the detected motor output. A command output determining unit 3 that determines a target output which is a required motor output and outputs an output command signal Oop indicating the determined target output, and a linear vibration motor based on the output detection signal Dop and the output command signal Oop. And a drive voltage determination unit 7 that determines an amplitude value of the AC voltage supplied as a drive voltage to the H. 100 and outputs a voltage amplitude value signal Odv indicating the determined amplitude value.
[0105]
The motor driving device 104 detects the position of the mover that performs reciprocating motion of the linear vibration motor 100, and outputs a position detection signal Dposi indicating the detected position of the mover. And a resonance frequency determination unit 6 that outputs a resonance frequency signal Dreso indicating the resonance frequency.
[0106]
The motor drive device 104 determines the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 based on the position of the mover indicated by the position detection signal Dposi and the resonance frequency of the linear vibration motor indicated by the resonance frequency signal Dreo, and determines the drive frequency. Drive frequency determining unit 2c that outputs drive frequency signal Ifr indicating the drive frequency obtained, and AC voltage Vd having a frequency that matches the drive frequency indicated by drive frequency signal Ifr and having an amplitude value indicated by voltage amplitude signal Odv Is applied to the linear vibration motor 100.
[0107]
Hereinafter, the motor driver 1a and the components 2c and 3 to 7 constituting the motor driving device 104 will be described in detail.
The command output detector 3 is the same as that of the motor drive device 101 of the first embodiment. The output detector 4 is the same as that of the motor drive device 102 of the second embodiment. The position detector 5 and the resonance frequency determiner 6 are the same as those of the motor driving device 103 according to the third embodiment.
[0108]
Then, the motor driver 1a according to the fourth embodiment receives the DC voltage Vp having a constant voltage level from the external power supply 10, and based on the drive frequency signal Ifr and the voltage amplitude value signal Odv, the drive frequency determination unit 2c An AC voltage Vd having a frequency that matches the determined drive frequency and having an amplitude value determined by the drive voltage determination unit 7 is applied to the linear vibration motor 100. Note that the AC voltage Vd applied to the linear vibration motor 100 may include a DC voltage component for correcting the vibration center position of the reciprocating movable element of the linear vibration motor 100.
Further, the motor driver 1a can be specifically realized by a power amplifier using a transistor or an inverter using a switching element.
[0109]
As described in Embodiment 1, the power amplifier using a transistor has a feature that its circuit configuration can be easily realized and the noise of its output voltage is small. Is characterized in that the linear vibration motor 100 can be driven with high efficiency.
[0110]
The drive voltage determination unit 7 receives the output command signal Oop from the command output determination unit 3 and the output detection signal Dop from the output detection unit 4, and determines the magnitude of the command output indicated by the output command signal Oop and the output detection signal The amplitude value of the drive voltage of the linear vibration motor 100, that is, the amplitude value of the AC voltage Vd supplied to the linear vibration motor 100 by the motor driver 1a is determined in accordance with the magnitude relationship with the magnitude of the detection output indicated by Dop. .
[0111]
A specific method of determining the amplitude value here is that if the value of the detection output is smaller than the value of the command output, the amplitude value of the AC voltage Vd is determined to be a larger value. If the output value is larger than the command output value, the amplitude value of the AC voltage Vd is determined to be a smaller value.
[0112]
In the fourth embodiment, the drive voltage determination unit 7 determines the amplitude value of the alternating current supplied as the drive voltage to the linear vibration motor 100. However, the drive voltage determination unit 7 The effective value of a certain AC current Vd may be determined, and in this case, the same effect as in the case of determining the amplitude value of the AC current can be obtained.
The drive frequency determination unit 2c determines the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 according to the position of the mover indicated by the position detection signal Dposi.
[0113]
That is, when the position of the mover detected by the position detection unit 5 does not exceed the predetermined reference position, the drive frequency determination unit 2c changes the drive frequency to the resonance frequency indicated by the resonance frequency signal Dreo. When the position of the mover detected by the position detection unit 5 exceeds the reference position, the drive frequency is set to a frequency higher than the resonance frequency indicated by the resonance frequency signal Dreo. It is.
[0114]
Here, the reference position is determined based on the elastic limit value of the spring member supporting the mover, as in the third embodiment. However, the reference position is not limited to the position based on the elastic limit value of the spring member, and the movable element may be moved so that the movable element collides with a part constituting the linear vibration motor or a part of a device incorporating the linear vibration motor. It may be determined based on the limit position of the child.
[0115]
Next, the operation will be described.
In the fourth embodiment, while driving the linear vibration motor 100, the motor driving device 104 adjusts the amplitude value of the AC voltage applied as a drive voltage to the linear vibration motor so that the motor output matches the required output. In addition to the adjustment, the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 is adjusted based on the position of the mover.
[0116]
That is, in the motor driving device 104, when the output AC voltage Vd of the motor driver 1a is applied to the linear vibration motor 100 and the operation of the linear vibration motor is started, the position detecting unit 5 The position Prm of the reciprocating movable element is detected, and a position detection signal Dposi indicating the detected position Prm of the movable element is output from the position detecting section 5 to the drive frequency determining section 2c.
[0117]
Further, the resonance frequency determination unit 6 outputs a resonance frequency signal Dreso indicating the resonance frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 to the drive frequency determination unit 2c.
Then, the drive frequency determination unit 2c determines the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 based on the position detection signal Dposi from the position detection unit 5 and the resonance frequency signal Dreso from the resonance frequency determination unit 6, and determines the drive frequency. A driving frequency signal Ifr indicating the driving frequency is output to the motor driver 1a.
[0118]
Specifically, the drive frequency determining unit 2c drives the linear vibration motor 100 in the allowable stroke state in which the detected position does not exceed the predetermined reference position, similarly to the drive frequency determining unit 2b of the third embodiment. In the overstroke state where the frequency is set to the resonance frequency determined by the resonance frequency determination unit 6 and the detection position exceeds the reference position, the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 is changed by the resonance frequency determination unit 6. The frequency is set higher than the determined resonance frequency.
[0119]
The output detection unit 4 detects a motor output Omp generated by the linear vibration motor 100, and outputs an output detection signal Dop indicating the detected motor output to the drive voltage determination unit 7. In the command output determining unit 3, a target output which is a motor output required for the linear vibration motor 100 is determined, and an output command signal Oop indicating the determined target output is output to the drive voltage determining unit 7.
[0120]
Then, the drive voltage determining unit 7 determines the amplitude value of the AC voltage Vd supplied to the linear vibration motor 100 based on the output detection signal Dop and the output command signal Oop, and determines the voltage amplitude indicating the determined amplitude value. The value signal Odv is supplied to the motor driver 1a. Here, when determining the amplitude value, if the detection output Dop is smaller than the command output Oop, the amplitude value of the AC voltage Vd is changed to a larger value. If it is larger than the output Oop, the amplitude value of the AC voltage Vd is changed to a smaller value.
[0121]
Then, in the motor driver 1a, based on the frequency instruction signal Ifr and the voltage amplitude value signal Odv, the AC voltage Vd applied to the linear vibration motor 100 has a frequency equal to the drive frequency determined by the drive frequency determination unit 2c. And the amplitude value is adjusted to be the amplitude value determined by the drive voltage determination unit 7.
[0122]
As described above, the motor driving device 104 according to the fourth embodiment includes the position detection unit 5 that detects the position of the mover and the output detection unit 4 that detects the motor output of the linear vibration motor 100. Since the amplitude value of the AC voltage applied to the motor is adjusted so that the motor output matches the required output, and the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 is determined based on the detected position of the mover, Feedback control of the motor output is performed by adjusting the amplitude value of the AC voltage, and by adjusting the drive frequency, the mover is prevented from approaching the limit position too much.
[0123]
That is, the motor output is always maintained at the required output by the feedback control. In the allowable stroke state where the detected position of the mover has not reached the reference position, the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor is set to the resonance frequency, the linear vibration motor is driven with high efficiency, and the detection of the mover is performed. In the overstroke state in which the position exceeds the reference position, the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor can be set to a frequency higher than the resonance frequency to reduce the stroke of the mover.
[0124]
As a result, when the stroke of the mover is further increased, the mover may collide with the inner wall of the housing of the linear vibration motor 100, or the spring supporting the mover may extend beyond the limit extension value and break. However, it is possible to increase the output of the linear vibration motor while avoiding collision between the mover and the motor housing or destruction of the support spring.
[0125]
In other words, in the fourth embodiment, the motor output of the linear vibration motor 100 is increased to the required output by increasing the drive frequency while the stroke length of the mover is fixed at the maximum allowable stroke length. It is possible. This allows the linear vibration motor to maintain the stroke length of the mover so that the position of the mover does not exceed the reference position, and to apply an AC voltage that generates the required motor output to the linear vibration motor. With the required motor output, the motor can be driven without causing a collision between the mover and the motor housing or breaking the support spring.
[0126]
In the fourth embodiment, the drive frequency determination unit 2c determines the drive frequency in accordance with whether the detected position of the mover exceeds a predetermined reference position. However, the following method can also be used.
[0127]
<Modification 1 of method for determining drive frequency>
FIG. 4B is a diagram for explaining an example in which two reference positions are used in the method of determining a drive frequency according to the fourth embodiment, as in the example of FIG. 3B.
In the first modification, as shown in FIG. 4B, the drive frequency determination unit 2c determines the drive frequency from the limit position Plim of the mover in the same manner as the drive frequency determination unit 2b of the third embodiment. The first reference position Pb1 and the second reference position Pb2, which are set in the order of proximity, are used. The drive frequency determination unit 2c compares the detected position Px of the mover with the first reference position Pb1 when the stroke is increasing, and determines the detected position when the stroke is decreasing. It is determined by comparing with the second reference position Pb2.
[0128]
In the method of determining the driving frequency using the two reference positions as described above, it is possible to stably determine the driving frequency even when the detected position changes near the reference position.
[0129]
<Modification 2 of method for determining drive frequency>
Further, the drive frequency determination unit 2c sets the detected position Px of the mover in a predetermined danger zone Z1 (see FIG. 3 (c)) as in the example of FIG. 3 (c). In this case, the drive frequency Fx may be set to be higher than the resonance frequency or higher as the detection position Px approaches the limit position Plim.
[0130]
In the method of determining the driving frequency using the danger zone as described above, the driving efficiency is maximized in the low output region, and the driving efficiency is maintained as high as possible in the high output region while avoiding collision of the mover and damage to the support spring. can do.
[0131]
<Modified example of determination method of drive voltage amplitude value>
In the fourth embodiment, the motor driving device 104 determines the amplitude value of the driving voltage Vd supplied to the linear vibration motor 100 based on the detected motor output and the required motor output. The amplitude value of the drive voltage Vd of the linear vibration motor may be determined based on not only the detected motor output and the required motor output but also the detected position of the mover.
[0132]
FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating a modification of the method of determining the drive voltage amplitude value, and shows four operating states DS1 to DS4 of the linear vibration motor.
In this modified example, when the detected position of the mover does not exceed the reference position, the drive voltage determination unit 7 sets the AC voltage Vd so that the detected motor output matches the required motor output. Is determined. That is, in the state DS1 where the detected motor output is smaller than the required motor output, the amplitude value of the AC voltage Vd is increased, and in the state DS2 where the detected motor output is larger than the required motor output, the AC voltage Vd is increased. Decrease the amplitude value of Vd.
[0133]
In the state DS3 where the detected position of the mover is beyond the reference position and the detected motor output is smaller than the required motor output, the drive voltage determination unit 7 The amplitude value of the supply voltage Vd is adjusted so that the position is within a certain range. That is, if the detection position is likely to go beyond the above-mentioned fixed range due to an increase in the stroke length of the mover, the amplitude value of the supply voltage Vd is reduced. If it is likely to go beyond a certain range, the amplitude value of the AC voltage Vd is increased.
[0134]
Further, in a state DS4 where the detected position of the mover exceeds the reference position and the detected motor output is larger than the required motor output, the drive voltage determination unit 7 determines that the detected motor output is , The amplitude value of the AC voltage Vd is reduced so as to match the required motor output.
[0135]
By using the method of determining the amplitude value of the voltage Vd applied to the linear vibration motor 100 based on the detected motor output, the required motor output, and the detected position of the mover, overstroke can be achieved. In the state, the output control of the motor and the position control of the mover by the drive voltage determination unit 7 are performed based on the detected position, similarly to the output control of the motor and the position control of the mover by the drive frequency control unit 2c. In addition, the control by the drive voltage determination unit 7 and the control by the drive frequency control unit 2c can be performed smoothly and stably without causing interference between the two controls.
[0136]
(Embodiment 5)
FIG. 5A is a block diagram illustrating a motor driving device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
The motor drive device 105 according to the fifth embodiment includes a voltage amplitude signal Odv output from the drive voltage determination unit 7 instead of the position detection unit 5 and the drive frequency determination unit 2c of the motor drive device 104 according to the fourth embodiment. And a drive frequency determination unit 2d that determines the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor based on the driving frequency. Other configurations of the motor driving device 105 are the same as those of the motor driving device 104 of the fourth embodiment.
[0137]
That is, the motor driver 1a, the command output detection unit 3, the output detection unit 4, the resonance frequency determination unit 6, and the drive frequency determination unit 7 of the motor drive device 105 according to the fifth embodiment It is the same as that of the device 104.
[0138]
Then, the drive frequency determination unit 2d of the fifth embodiment determines the amplitude value indicated by the voltage amplitude value signal Odv from the drive voltage determination unit 7, in other words, the drive voltage determined so that the motor output matches the required output. The drive frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 is determined according to whether or not the amplitude value exceeds a certain reference value.
[0139]
In other words, when the amplitude value indicated by the voltage amplitude value signal Odv does not exceed a predetermined fixed reference value, the drive frequency determination unit 2d determines the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 from the resonance frequency determination unit 6. If the amplitude value indicated by the voltage amplitude value signal Odv exceeds a predetermined fixed reference value, the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 is set to the resonance frequency indicated by the resonance frequency signal Dreso. This is set to a predetermined frequency higher than the resonance frequency indicated by the resonance frequency signal Dreso from the determination unit 6. Specifically, the predetermined frequency is a frequency higher than the resonance frequency by a predetermined frequency.
[0140]
In the fifth embodiment, the drive frequency determination unit 2d compares the amplitude value indicated by the voltage amplitude value signal Odv from the drive voltage determination unit 7 with a predetermined reference value. The drive frequency determination unit 2d converts the amplitude value indicated by the voltage amplitude value signal Odv from the drive voltage determination unit 7 into a voltage value of the DC power supply input to the motor driver 1a or a predetermined value using the voltage value of the DC power supply. May be compared with the voltage value obtained by the calculation.
[0141]
Next, the operation will be described.
In the fifth embodiment, the motor driving device 105 adjusts the amplitude value of the AC voltage applied to the linear vibration motor 100 so that the motor output matches the required output, , At a drive frequency corresponding to the amplitude value of the adjusted AC voltage.
[0142]
That is, in the motor drive device 105, when the output AC voltage Vd of the motor driver 1a is applied to the linear vibration motor 100 and the operation of the linear vibration motor is started, the output detection unit 4 generates the linear vibration motor 100. Is detected, and an output detection signal Dop indicating the detected motor output is output to the drive voltage determination unit 7. The command output determining unit 3 determines a motor output required for the linear vibration motor 100, and outputs an output command signal Oop indicating the determined motor output to the drive voltage determining unit 7.
[0143]
Then, the drive voltage determination unit 7 determines the amplitude value of the AC voltage supplied to the linear vibration motor 100 based on the output detection signal Dop and the output command signal Oop, and a voltage amplitude value signal indicating the determined amplitude value. Odv is supplied to the drive frequency determination unit 2d and the motor driver 1a.
[0144]
Further, the resonance frequency determination unit 6 outputs a resonance frequency signal Dreso indicating the resonance frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 to the drive frequency determination unit 2d.
In the drive frequency determination unit 2d, the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 is determined based on the voltage amplitude value signal Odv from the drive voltage determination unit 7 and the resonance frequency signal Dreso from the resonance frequency determination unit 6, and the drive frequency is determined. A driving frequency signal Ifr indicating the driving frequency is output to the motor driver 1a. Specifically, in a case where the amplitude value indicated by the voltage amplitude value signal Odv does not exceed a predetermined fixed reference value, the drive frequency determination unit 2d determines the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 to be its resonance frequency. On the other hand, when the amplitude value indicated by the voltage amplitude value signal Odv exceeds a predetermined fixed reference value, the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 is determined to be a predetermined frequency higher than its resonance frequency.
[0145]
Then, in the motor driver 1a, based on the frequency instruction signal Ifr and the voltage amplitude value signal Odv, the AC voltage Vd applied to the linear vibration motor 100 has a frequency equal to the driving frequency determined by the driving frequency determining unit 2d. And the amplitude value is adjusted to be the amplitude value determined by the drive voltage determination unit 7.
[0146]
Next, features of the motor driving device 105 according to the fifth embodiment will be described using mathematical formulas and drawings showing theoretical grounds.
FIG. 6A shows an equivalent circuit of the linear vibration motor.
In the figure, L is the equivalent inductance [H] of the winding constituting the linear vibration motor, and R is the equivalent resistance [Ω] of the winding. Vd (t) is the instantaneous value [V] of the AC voltage applied to the linear vibration motor, and Id (t) is the instantaneous value [A] of the AC current supplied to the linear vibration motor. α is the thrust constant [N / A] of the linear vibration motor, v (t) is the instantaneous value [m / s] of the speed of the mover of the linear vibration motor, and α · v (t) is the linear vibration motor. Is the instantaneous value [V] of the induced electromotive voltage Vind generated by driving the.
[0147]
Here, the thrust constant α of the linear vibration motor indicates a force [N] generated when a unit current [A] is applied to the linear vibration motor. The unit of the thrust constant α is represented by [N / A], and this unit is equivalent to [Wb / s] and [V · s / m].
[0148]
The equivalent circuit shown in FIG. 6A is derived from Kirchhoff's law. From this equivalent circuit, Equation (1) showing the relationship among the instantaneous value of the speed of the mover of the linear vibration motor, the instantaneous value of the drive current, and the instantaneous value of the drive voltage is derived as follows.
(Equation 1)

Since the coefficients α [N / A], R [Ω], and L [H] used in equation (1) are constants specific to the motor, the time-varying variable is the instantaneous value of the speed of the mover. A vector v indicating v (t) [m / s], a vector V indicating an instantaneous value Vd (t) [V] of the drive voltage, and a vector I indicating an instantaneous value Id (t) [A] of the drive current. .
[0149]
FIGS. 7A to 7D are vector diagrams showing variables in the equation (1). In FIGS. 7A to 7D, the instantaneous value v (t) [m / s] of the speed, the instantaneous value Vd (t) [V] of the drive voltage, and the instantaneous value Id ( t) The phase relationship of [A] is shown using a velocity vector v, a voltage vector V, and a current vector I corresponding to each value.
[0150]
In FIGS. 7A to 7D, the terminal voltage generated in each circuit element of the equivalent circuit is represented by a vector based on the phase of the drive current Id (t). In the drawing, ω is the frequency of the alternating current Id (t) supplied to the linear vibration motor, α · v is a voltage vector indicating the induced voltage Vind (= α × v (t)), and R · I is equivalent. A voltage vector representing the terminal voltage R · Id (t) of the resistor, ω · LI · I is a voltage vector representing the terminal voltage ω · L · Id (t) of the equivalent inductance, and V0 to V3 are voltages applied to the linear vibration motor. It is a voltage vector indicating (Vd (t)). Φ is the phase difference between the voltage Vd (t) supplied to the linear vibration motor and the current Id (t), and β is the current Id (t) supplied to the linear vibration motor and the induced voltage Vind (= α · v (t)).
[0151]
The mechanical characteristics of the linear vibration motor 100 are modeled by a one-degree-of-freedom viscous damping vibration system shown in FIG. The one-degree-of-freedom viscous damping vibration system includes a one-degree-of-freedom vibration system, that is, a vibration system supported by a base B with a spring S so that the mass M can vibrate in one direction (Y direction). Is added to a damper D for attenuating the vibration.
[0152]
In the driving state of the linear vibration motor, as shown in FIGS. 7A to 7D, a voltage vector α · v indicating an induced voltage Vind (= α · v (t)) and an equivalent resistance The sum of the voltage vector R · I indicating the terminal voltage R · Id (t) and the voltage vector ω · L · I indicating the terminal voltage ω · L · Id (t) of the equivalent inductance is a voltage indicating the applied voltage Vd. It becomes equal to the vector V.
[0153]
When the linear vibration motor is in a resonance state, the phase of the speed v (t) of the mover of the linear vibration motor 100 is equal to the phase of the electromagnetic force for moving the mover. In the linear vibration motor, the induced voltage Vind (= α · v (t)) is a constant multiple of the speed v (t) of the mover, and the current Id (t) to be further supplied and the force for moving the mover. Are in a proportional relationship. Accordingly, when the linear vibration motor is in the resonance state (voltage vector V = V0), the phase of the drive current Id (t) and the phase of the induced voltage Vind (= α · v (t)) are equal (FIG. 7 (a)). )reference).
[0154]
Similarly, when the frequency of the exciting force repeatedly applied to the linear vibration motor, that is, the frequency of the drive current Id (t) is lower than the resonance frequency (voltage vector V = V1), the speed v of the mover of the linear vibration motor is The phase of (t) is delayed from the phase of the electromagnetic force for moving the mover (the phase of the drive current Id (t)) by a phase difference β (see FIG. 7B). When the frequency is higher than the resonance frequency (voltage vector V = V2), the phase of the speed v (t) of the mover of the linear vibration motor is higher than the phase of the electromagnetic force for moving the mover, that is, the phase of the drive current Id (t). Advance by the phase difference β (see FIG. 7C).
[0155]
Therefore, as can be seen from FIG. 7D, the supply current Id (t) is selected by selecting the frequency ω of the current Id (t) supplied to the linear vibration motor 100 to an appropriate frequency higher than the resonance frequency of the linear vibration motor. And the phase of the supply voltage Vd (t) become equal. The voltage vector V at this time is V3 (| V3 | <| V2 | <| V0 | <| V1 |).
[0156]
When the frequency ω of the supply current Id (t) is higher than the resonance frequency (see FIG. 7D), the frequency ω of the supply current Id (t) to the linear vibration motor is The applied voltage V (= V3 <V0) to the linear vibration motor is smaller than in the case of the resonance frequency (see FIG. 7A).
[0157]
Therefore, when the amplitude value of the AC voltage Vd applied to the linear vibration motor cannot be increased due to the limit of the output voltage of the motor driver 1a, the frequency of the AC voltage supplied to the linear vibration motor is set to a reasonable frequency higher than the resonance frequency. By setting to, the required amplitude value of the applied voltage can be reduced while the motor output is kept constant, whereby the linear vibration motor can be driven in a higher output range.
[0158]
As described above, in the motor driving device 105 of the fifth embodiment, the command output determining unit 3 that determines the motor output required for the linear vibration motor 100, and the output detection unit that detects the motor output generated by the linear vibration motor 100 4 and a drive voltage determining unit 7 that determines the amplitude value of the AC voltage applied to the linear vibration motor 100 based on the detected motor output and the required motor output. The amplitude value of the voltage is determined so that the motor output matches the required output, and the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor is resonated until the determined amplitude value of the applied voltage exceeds a predetermined constant value. When the required amplitude value of the AC voltage exceeds a certain value, the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor is set to a frequency higher than the resonance frequency. Therefore, the linear vibration motor can be driven with the highest efficiency until the determined applied voltage amplitude value exceeds a certain value, and when the determined applied voltage amplitude value exceeds the certain value, By adjusting the driving frequency of the linear vibration motor, the amplitude of the supply voltage can be reduced while the motor output is kept constant. As a result, it is possible to drive the linear vibration motor even in a high output region where driving at the resonance frequency of the linear vibration motor is impossible due to the limitation of the power supply voltage.
[0159]
In other words, in the motor drive device 105 of the fifth embodiment, by maintaining the amplitude of the drive voltage of the linear vibration motor at the maximum allowable amplitude and setting the drive frequency to a frequency as close to the resonance frequency as possible, A high motor output, which cannot be generated by driving at the resonance frequency, can be generated without lowering the driving efficiency as much as possible.
[0160]
In the fifth embodiment, the drive frequency determination unit 2d determines the drive frequency by determining whether the amplitude value of the drive voltage determined by the drive voltage determination unit 7 exceeds a certain reference value. However, the following method can also be used.
[0161]
<Modification 1 of method for determining drive frequency>
FIG. 5B is a diagram illustrating an example in which two reference values are used in the method of determining a driving frequency according to the fifth embodiment.
In the first modification, as shown in FIG. 5B, the drive frequency determining unit 2d uses the first reference value Ab1 and the second reference value Ab2 smaller than the first reference value Ab1 to determine the drive frequency Fx. Then, in a state where the stroke is increasing (see arrow X2 in FIG. 5B), the drive frequency determining unit 2d compares the determined amplitude value Ax with the first reference value Ab1, and reduces the stroke. In the state (see the arrow Y2 in FIG. 5B), the drive frequency Fx is determined by comparing the determined amplitude value Ax with the second reference value Ab2. In FIG. 5B, Alim is the maximum value of the determined amplitude value Ax, and a specific method of determining the drive frequency Fx is based on the drive frequency Fx shown in FIG. 3B based on the detection position Px. Is the same as the method for determining
[0162]
In the method of determining the drive frequency using the two reference values as described above, it is possible to stably determine the drive frequency even when the determined amplitude value changes near the reference value.
[0163]
<Modification 2 of method for determining drive frequency>
FIG. 5C is a diagram illustrating an example in which a certain range instead of the reference value is used as the danger zone in the drive frequency determination method according to the fifth embodiment.
In the second modification, as shown in FIG. 5C, the drive frequency determination unit 2d determines the drive frequency Fx such that the determined amplitude value Ax is between the reference value Arb and the limit value Alim. When the vehicle enters the predetermined dangerous zone Z2, the drive frequency Fx is changed according to the determined amplitude value Ax.
[0164]
Here, the lower limit value Arb of the danger zone Z2 matches the fixed reference value used in the fifth embodiment, and the upper limit value Aru of the danger zone Z2 is a value smaller than the limit value Alim by a fixed amount. Has become. In the danger zone Z2, the relationship between the determined amplitude value Ax and the drive frequency Fx is a linear monotone increasing function. When the determined amplitude value Ax is smaller than the lower limit value Arb of the danger zone Z2, the drive frequency Fx is held at the resonance frequency Freso, and when the determined amplitude value Ax exceeds the upper limit value Aru of the danger zone Z2, the drive frequency is reduced. Fx is set to the maximum frequency Fmax farthest from the resonance frequency.
[0165]
The setting of the driving frequency Fx in the danger zone Z2 is not limited to the above-described monotone monotonically increasing function, and the magnitude of the difference between the determined amplitude value Ax and the lower limit value Arb of the danger zone Z2 and the driving A table indicating the correspondence with the frequency value used as the frequency, another function, or the like is used.
[0166]
In the method of determining the driving frequency using the danger zone in this manner, when the determined amplitude value Ax is smaller than the lower limit Arb of the danger zone Z2, the linear vibration motor can be most efficiently driven at the resonance frequency, When the determined amplitude value Ax is within the danger zone Z2, it is possible to avoid a collision of the mover and a breakage of the support spring of the mover, and to suppress a decrease in drive efficiency as much as possible.
[0167]
(Embodiment 6)
FIG. 8A is a block diagram illustrating a motor driving device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
The motor drive device 106 according to the sixth embodiment includes a supply voltage detection unit 8 that detects the output AC voltage Vd of the motor driver 1a, instead of the drive frequency determination unit 2d of the motor drive device 105 according to the fifth embodiment. A drive frequency determining unit 2e for determining a drive frequency based on the detected output voltage of the motor driver 1a. Other configurations of the motor driving device 106 according to the sixth embodiment are the same as those of the motor driving device 105 according to the fifth embodiment.
[0168]
That is, the motor driver 1a, the command output detection unit 3, the output detection unit 4, the resonance frequency determination unit 6, and the drive frequency determination unit 7 of the motor drive device 106 according to the sixth embodiment are It is the same as that of the device 105.
[0169]
The supply voltage detector 8 detects a voltage value of an AC voltage supplied from the motor driver 1a to the linear vibration motor 100, and outputs a voltage detection signal Ddv indicating the detected voltage value. Here, the voltage detection signal Ddv indicates an amplitude value of the output voltage of the motor driver 1a, and a specific detection method of the amplitude value includes a detection method based on resistance voltage division.
[0170]
The drive frequency determining unit 2e determines the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 according to whether the voltage value indicated by the voltage detection signal Ddv from the supply voltage detector 8 exceeds a preset reference value. Is what you do.
[0171]
That is, when the voltage value indicated by the voltage detection signal Ddv does not exceed a predetermined fixed reference value, the drive frequency determination unit 2 e determines the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor as the output of the resonance frequency determination unit 6. When the detected voltage value exceeds a predetermined fixed reference value, the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 is set to the resonance frequency indicated by the signal Dresso. The frequency is determined to be higher than the resonance frequency indicated by the signal Dreso.
[0172]
In the sixth embodiment, the drive frequency determination unit 2e compares the voltage value indicated by the voltage detection signal Ddv from the drive voltage detection unit 8 with a predetermined reference value. The drive frequency determination unit 2e calculates a voltage value indicated by the voltage detection signal Ddv from the drive voltage detection unit 8 into a voltage value of a DC power supply input to the motor driver 1a or a predetermined calculation using the voltage value of the DC power supply. May be compared with the voltage value obtained by the following.
[0173]
Next, the operation will be described.
In the sixth embodiment, the motor driving device 106 adjusts the amplitude value of the AC voltage applied to the linear vibration motor 100 so that the motor output matches the required motor output, and Are driven at a drive frequency corresponding to the detection level of the drive voltage.
[0174]
That is, in the motor driving device 106, when the output AC voltage Vd of the motor driver 1a is applied to the linear vibration motor 100 and the operation of the linear vibration motor is started, the output detection unit 4 generates the linear vibration motor 100. Is detected, and an output detection signal Dop indicating the detected motor output is output to the drive voltage determination unit 7. In the command output determining unit 3, a target output which is a motor output required for the linear vibration motor 100 is determined, and an output command signal Oop indicating the determined target output is output to the drive voltage determining unit 7.
[0175]
Then, the drive voltage determination unit 7 determines the amplitude value of the drive voltage of the linear vibration motor 100 based on the output detection signal Dop and the output command signal Oop, and generates the voltage amplitude value signal Odv indicating the determined amplitude value. It is supplied to the motor driver 1a.
[0176]
The supply voltage detector 8 detects the output voltage of the motor driver 1a, that is, the voltage value of the actual AC voltage Vd supplied to the linear vibration motor 100, and detects a voltage detection signal Ddv indicating the detected voltage value of the AC voltage. Is output to the drive frequency determination unit 2e.
Further, the resonance frequency determination unit 6 outputs a resonance frequency signal Dreso indicating the resonance frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 to the drive frequency determination unit 2e.
[0177]
Then, in the drive frequency determination unit 2e, the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 is determined based on the resonance frequency signal Dreso and the voltage detection output Ddv, and the drive frequency signal Ifr indicating the determined drive frequency is output from the motor driver. 1a.
[0178]
Specifically, in a case where the voltage value of the detected applied voltage does not exceed a predetermined fixed reference value, the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor is increased by the drive frequency determination unit 2e. If the voltage value of the detected applied voltage exceeds a predetermined fixed reference value, the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor 100 is determined as the resonance frequency determined by the output of the resonance frequency. The frequency is determined to be higher than the resonance frequency indicated by the output of the unit 6.
[0179]
Then, in the motor driver 1a, based on the voltage amplitude value signal Odv and the frequency instruction signal Ifr, the AC voltage Vd applied to the linear vibration motor has a frequency equal to the drive frequency determined by the drive frequency determination unit 2e. , And the amplitude value is adjusted to be the amplitude value determined by the drive voltage determination unit 7.
[0180]
As described above, in the motor driving device 106 of the sixth embodiment, the output detection unit 4 that detects the motor output Omp of the linear vibration motor 100 and the voltage value of the voltage Vd applied from the motor driver 1a to the linear vibration motor 100 are detected. Supply voltage detecting section 8 for controlling the linear vibration motor while adjusting the amplitude value of the output voltage of the motor driver applied to the linear vibration motor 100 so that the motor output matches the required motor output. Since the motor is driven at a drive frequency corresponding to the detected value of the output voltage of the motor driver, the linear vibration motor is driven with a maximum efficiency in a low output area, and a maximum output determined by the maximum amplitude of the drive voltage in a high output area. Motor output can be generated.
[0181]
In other words, until the detected value of the output AC voltage of the driver exceeds a certain reference value, even if there is a difference between the motor output of the linear vibration motor and the motor output required for the linear vibration motor, the drive of the linear vibration motor With the frequency set to the resonance frequency, the motor output can be adjusted according to the amplitude value of the drive voltage to drive the linear vibration motor with maximum efficiency. Further, when the detection level of the driver output voltage exceeds a certain level, the drive frequency of the linear vibration motor is made higher than the resonance frequency without increasing the amplitude value of the drive voltage to generate the required motor output. be able to. As a result, the linear vibration motor can be driven in a high output range without being restricted by the voltage level of the power supply and while minimizing a decrease in motor drive efficiency. Collision and breakage of the support spring can be reduced.
[0182]
Furthermore, in a state where the detection level of the driver output voltage exceeds a certain level, if the drive frequency is changed to a frequency close to the resonance frequency in accordance with the decrease in the detection level, the required motor output becomes When the detection level of the driver output voltage is reduced to a certain level or less, the driving frequency can be smoothly returned to the resonance frequency.
[0183]
In the sixth embodiment, the drive frequency determination unit 2e determines the drive frequency when the drive voltage value detected by the drive voltage detection unit 8 (detected voltage value) exceeds a certain reference value. The above method is performed depending on whether or not it is performed, but this can be performed by the following method.
[0184]
<Modification 1 of method for determining drive frequency>
FIG. 8B is a diagram illustrating an example in which two reference values are used in the method of determining a drive frequency according to the sixth embodiment.
In the first modification, as shown in FIG. 8B, the drive frequency determination unit 2e uses the first reference value Vb1 and a second reference value Vb2 smaller than the first reference value Vb1 to determine the drive frequency Fx. When the stroke is increasing (see arrow X3 in FIG. 8B), the drive frequency determining unit 2e compares the detected voltage value Vx with the first reference value Vb1 and reduces the stroke. In this state (see arrow Y3 in FIG. 8B), the drive voltage is determined by comparing the detected voltage value Vx with the second reference value Vb2. In FIG. 8B, Vlim is the maximum value of the detected voltage value Vx, and a specific method of determining the drive frequency Fx is based on the drive frequency Fx shown in FIG. Is the same as the method for determining
[0185]
In the method of determining the drive frequency using the two reference values as described above, the drive frequency can be determined stably even when the detected voltage value changes near the reference value.
[0186]
<Modification 2 of method for determining drive frequency>
FIG. 8C is a diagram illustrating an example in which a certain range instead of a reference value is used as a danger zone in the method of determining a driving frequency according to the sixth embodiment.
In the second modification, as shown in FIG. 8C, the drive frequency determination unit 2e determines the drive frequency Fx such that the detected voltage value Vx is between the reference value Vrb and the limit value Vlim. When the vehicle enters the certain dangerous zone Z3, the drive frequency Fx is changed according to the change of the detected voltage value Vx.
[0187]
Here, the lower limit value Vrb of the danger zone Z3 matches the fixed reference value used in the sixth embodiment, and the upper limit value Vru of the danger zone Z3 is set to a value smaller than the limit value Vlim by a fixed amount. Has become. Further, in the dangerous zone Z3, the relationship between the detected voltage value Vx and the drive frequency Fx is a linear monotone increasing function. When the voltage detection value Vx is smaller than the lower limit value Vb2 of the danger zone Z3, the drive frequency Fx is held at the resonance frequency Freso. When the voltage detection value Vx exceeds the upper limit value Vru of the danger zone Z3, the drive frequency is reduced. Fx is set to the maximum frequency Fmax farthest from the resonance frequency.
[0188]
The setting of the driving frequency in the danger zone Z3 is not limited to the first-order monotone increasing function, and the difference between the voltage detection value Vx and the lower limit value Vrb of the danger zone Z3 and the frequency used as the driving frequency A table indicating the correspondence with the value, another function, or the like is used.
[0189]
In the method of determining the driving frequency using the dangerous zone as described above, when the voltage detection value Vx is smaller than the lower limit value Vrb of the dangerous zone Z3, the linear vibration motor can be most efficiently driven at the resonance frequency. When the voltage detection value Vx is within the danger zone Z3, it is possible to minimize the drive efficiency while avoiding collision of the mover and damage to the support spring of the mover.
[0190]
(Embodiment 7)
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a compressor driving device according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
The compressor driving device 207 according to the seventh embodiment drives the compressor 40 that compresses air, gas, and the like. Here, the power source of the compressor 40 is a linear vibration motor 46, which is the same as the linear vibration motor 100 of the first embodiment. Further, the compressor driving device 207 is a motor driving device that drives the linear vibration motor 46, and has the same configuration as the motor driving device 101 of the first embodiment. Hereinafter, the compressor 40 according to the seventh embodiment is referred to as a linear compressor, and the linear compressor 40 will be briefly described.
[0191]
The linear compressor 40 has a cylinder part 41a arranged along a predetermined axis and a motor part 41b. A piston 42 slidably supported in the axial direction is disposed in the cylinder portion 41a. A piston rod 42a whose one end is fixed to the back side of the piston 42 is disposed over the cylinder portion 41a and the motor portion 41b, and the piston rod 42a is attached to the other end of the piston rod 42a in the axial direction. A biasing support spring 43 is provided.
[0192]
A magnet 44 is attached to the piston rod 42a, and an electromagnet 45 including an outer yoke 45a and a stator coil 45b embedded in the outer yoke 45a is provided at a portion of the motor portion 41b facing the magnet 44. Installed. In the linear compressor 40, a linear vibration motor 46 is configured by the electromagnet 45 and the magnet 44 attached to the piston rod 42a. Therefore, in the linear compressor 40, the piston 42 reciprocates along its axial direction by the electromagnetic force generated between the electromagnet 45 and the magnet 44 and the elastic force of the spring 43.
[0193]
Further, in the cylinder portion 41a, a compression chamber 48, which is a closed space surrounded by the cylinder upper inner surface 47a, the piston compression surface 42b, and the cylinder peripheral wall surface 41b, is formed. One end of a gas-side suction pipe 40a for sucking the low-pressure gas Lg from the gas-side flow passage into the compression chamber 48 is opened in the cylinder inner surface 47a. One end of a discharge pipe 40b for discharging the high-pressure gas Hg from the compression chamber 48 to the gas side flow passage is opened in the cylinder upper inner surface 47a. A suction valve 49a and a discharge valve 49b for preventing backflow of gas are attached to the suction pipe 40a and the discharge pipe 40b.
[0194]
The motor drive device 207 of the seventh embodiment converts the DC output voltage Vp of the external power supply 10 into an AC drive voltage Vd and supplies the AC drive voltage Vd to the linear vibration motor 46 of the compressor 40. That is, the motor drive device 207 includes a motor driver 1, a drive frequency determination unit 2, and a command output determination unit 3, as shown in FIG. The motor drive device 207 controls the motor output required for the linear vibration motor 46 by adjusting the frequency of the AC drive voltage Vd applied to the linear vibration motor 46.
[0195]
In the linear compressor 40 having such a configuration, the intermittent application of the driving voltage from the motor driving device 207 to the linear vibration motor 46 causes the piston 42 to reciprocate in the axial direction thereof, and the low-pressure gas Lg to the compression chamber 48. , Compression of the gas in the compression chamber 48, and discharge of the compressed high-pressure gas Hg from the compression chamber 48 are repeatedly performed.
[0196]
In the operation state of the linear compressor 40, the motor output required for the linear vibration motor 46 is determined based on the operation state of the linear vibration motor 46, and the driving of the linear vibration motor 46 is performed based on the determined motor output. The frequency is determined, and a constant amplitude AC voltage Vd having a frequency that matches the determined driving frequency is applied to the linear vibration motor 46.
[0197]
As described above, in the linear compressor 40 of the seventh embodiment, the motor output of the linear vibration motor 46, which is the power source, is controlled by adjusting the frequency of the AC voltage applied to the linear vibration motor 46. The output of the motor 40 can be controlled without changing the level of the drive voltage applied to the linear vibration motor, and the output control is simplified. In addition, since the output of the linear compressor 40 is controlled by the drive frequency, the linear compressor can be operated at the maximum capacity without being restricted by its structure, similarly to the compressor using a rotary motor as a drive source. In addition, a design that maximizes the driving efficiency at the rated capacity can be performed. As a result, a small and highly efficient linear compressor can be realized.
[0198]
(Embodiment 8)
FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating an air conditioner according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
The air conditioner 208 of the eighth embodiment is an air conditioner that has an indoor unit 55 and an outdoor unit 56 and performs air conditioning. The air conditioner 208 includes a linear compressor 50a that circulates a refrigerant between the indoor unit 55 and the outdoor unit 56, and a compressor driving device 50b that drives the linear compressor 50a. Here, the compressor 50a is the same as the linear compressor 40 having the linear vibration motor 46 of the fourth embodiment. The compressor drive unit 50b is a motor drive unit that converts a DC output voltage Vp of the external power supply 10 into an AC drive voltage Vd and applies the AC drive voltage Vd to a linear vibration motor of the linear compressor 50a. It has the same configuration as the driving device 207.
[0199]
More specifically, the air conditioner 208 according to the eighth embodiment includes a linear compressor 50a, a four-way valve 54, a throttle device (expansion valve) 53, an indoor heat exchanger 51, and an outdoor heat exchange that form a refrigerant circulation path. And a motor drive unit 50b for driving a linear vibration motor that is a drive source of the linear compressor 50a.
[0200]
Here, the indoor-side heat exchanger 51 constitutes the indoor unit 55, and the expansion device 53, the outdoor-side heat exchanger 52, the linear compressor 50a, the four-way valve 54, and the motor driving unit 50b constitute the outdoor unit 52. Make up.
[0201]
The indoor side heat exchanger 51 has a blower 51a for improving the heat exchange capacity, and a temperature sensor 51b for measuring the temperature of the heat exchanger 51 or its surrounding temperature. The outdoor heat exchanger 52 has a blower 52a for improving the heat exchange capacity, and a temperature sensor 52b for measuring the temperature of the heat exchanger 52 or its surrounding temperature.
[0202]
In the eighth embodiment, a linear compressor 50a and a four-way valve 54 are arranged in a refrigerant path between the indoor heat exchanger 51 and the outdoor heat exchanger 52. That is, in the air conditioner 208, the refrigerant flows in the direction of arrow A, the refrigerant that has passed through the outdoor heat exchanger 52 is sucked into the linear compressor 50a, and the refrigerant discharged from the linear compressor 50a is cooled by the indoor heat exchanger. The state in which the refrigerant is supplied to the exchanger 51 and the refrigerant flows in the direction of arrow B, the refrigerant having passed through the indoor heat exchanger 51 is sucked into the linear compressor 50a, and the refrigerant discharged from the linear compressor 50a is discharged outside the outdoor. The state supplied to the heat exchanger 52 is switched by the four-way valve 54.
[0203]
Further, the expansion device 53 has both an expansion function for reducing the flow rate of the circulating refrigerant and an operation of a valve for automatically adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant. That is, the throttle device 53 expands the liquid refrigerant by reducing the flow rate of the liquid refrigerant sent from the condenser to the evaporator while the refrigerant is circulating in the refrigerant circulation path, and is required for the evaporator. A certain amount of refrigerant is supplied without excess or shortage.
[0204]
The indoor heat exchanger 51 operates as a condenser in the heating operation, and operates as an evaporator in the cooling operation. The outdoor heat exchanger 52 operates as an evaporator in the heating operation and the condenser in the cooling operation. It works as. In the condenser, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas flowing through the inside of the condenser loses heat by the supplied air and gradually liquefies, and becomes a high-pressure liquid refrigerant near the outlet of the condenser. This is equivalent to the refrigerant radiating heat to the atmosphere to liquefy. Further, the liquid refrigerant, which has become low-temperature and low-pressure by the expansion device 53, flows into the evaporator. When the room air is sent into the evaporator in this state, the liquid refrigerant evaporates by taking a large amount of heat from the air and changes into a low-temperature low-pressure gas refrigerant. The air deprived of a large amount of heat by the evaporator is released as cold air from the air outlet of the air conditioner.
[0205]
In the air conditioner 208, the motor drive unit 50b controls the linear compressor 50a based on the operating state of the air conditioner, that is, the target temperature, the actual room temperature, and the outside temperature set for the air conditioner. Controls the output of the linear vibration motor.
[0206]
Next, the operation will be described.
In the air conditioner 208 of the eighth embodiment, when the drive voltage Vd is applied from the motor drive unit 50b to the linear compressor 50a, the refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant circulation path, and the heat exchanger 51 of the indoor unit 55 and Heat exchange is performed in the heat exchanger 52 of the outdoor unit 56. That is, in the air conditioner 208, a known heat pump cycle is formed in the circulation circuit of the refrigerant by circulating the refrigerant sealed in the circulation circuit of the refrigerant by the linear compressor 50a. Thereby, heating or cooling of the room is performed.
[0207]
For example, when performing the heating operation of the air conditioner 208, the four-way valve 54 is set so that the refrigerant flows in the direction indicated by the arrow A by the operation of the user. In this case, the indoor heat exchanger 51 operates as a condenser, and emits heat by circulating the refrigerant in the refrigerant circulation path. This warms the room.
[0208]
Conversely, when performing the cooling operation of the air conditioner 208, the four-way valve 54 is set by the user's operation so that the refrigerant flows in the direction indicated by the arrow B. In this case, the indoor heat exchanger 51 operates as an evaporator, and absorbs the heat of the surrounding air by circulating the refrigerant in the refrigerant circulation path. Thereby, the room is cooled.
[0209]
Here, in the air conditioner 208, the output of the linear vibration motor of the linear compressor 50a is controlled by the motor drive unit 50b based on the target temperature, the actual room temperature, and the outside temperature set for the air conditioner. You. Thereby, in the air conditioner 208, comfortable cooling and heating are performed.
[0210]
As described above, in the air conditioner 208 of the eighth embodiment, the compressor (linear compressor) 50a that uses a linear vibration motor as a power source is used as the compressor that compresses and circulates the refrigerant. Compared to an air conditioner using a compressor powered by a type motor, friction loss in the compressor is reduced, and the sealing performance of the compressor, which seals high-pressure refrigerant and low-pressure refrigerant, is improved. Thus, the efficiency of the compressor can be improved.
[0211]
Further, in the compressor 50a using the linear vibration motor according to the eighth embodiment, since the friction loss is reduced, the amount of lubricating oil that is indispensable for the compressor using the rotary motor is greatly increased. Can be reduced. This not only reduces the amount of waste oil that needs to be recycled, but also reduces the amount of refrigerant that dissolves in the oil, thereby reducing the amount of refrigerant charged into the compressor. It can also contribute to conservation.
[0212]
In the air conditioner 208 of the eighth embodiment, the motor output of the linear vibration motor of the compressor is controlled by adjusting the frequency of the AC voltage applied to the linear vibration motor, so that the output of the linear compressor 50a is controlled. Thus, the control can be performed without changing the level of the drive voltage applied to the linear vibration motor, and the capacity control of the air conditioner is simplified. Further, since the output of the linear compressor 50a is controlled by the drive frequency, the linear compressor can be operated at the maximum capacity without any structural restrictions, as in the seventh embodiment, and the efficiency at the rated capacity is reduced. A design can be made to maximize it. As a result, a small and efficient linear compressor and a small and efficient air conditioner can be realized.
[0213]
(Embodiment 9)
FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a refrigerator according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
The refrigerator 209 according to the ninth embodiment includes a linear compressor 60a, a compressor driving device 60b, a condenser 61, a refrigerator evaporator 62, and a throttle device 63.
[0214]
Here, the linear compressor 60a, the condenser 61, the expansion device 63, and the refrigerator compartment evaporator 62 form a refrigerant circulation path, and the compressor driving device 60b is a driving source of the linear compressor 60a. It is a motor drive unit that drives a certain linear vibration motor. Note that the linear compressor 60a and the motor driving unit 60b are the same as the linear compressor 40 and the motor driving device 207 of the seventh embodiment, respectively.
[0215]
Similar to the throttle device 53 of the air conditioner 208 of the eighth embodiment, the throttle device 63 reduces the flow rate of the liquid refrigerant sent from the condenser 61 while the refrigerant is circulating in the refrigerant circulation path. This expands the liquid refrigerant and supplies a necessary amount of the refrigerant to the refrigerator compartment evaporator 62 without excess or deficiency.
[0216]
The condenser 61 condenses the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas flowing inside and discharges the heat of the refrigerant to the outside air. The refrigerant gas sent into the condenser 61 loses heat by the outside air and gradually liquefies, and becomes a high-pressure liquid refrigerant near the outlet of the condenser.
[0217]
The refrigerator evaporator 62 cools the refrigerator by evaporating the low-temperature refrigerant liquid. The refrigerating compartment evaporator 62 has a blower 62a for increasing the efficiency of heat exchange and a temperature sensor 62b for detecting the temperature in the refrigerator.
[0218]
In the refrigerator 209, the motor drive unit 60b controls the output of the linear vibration motor of the linear compressor 60a based on the operation state of the refrigerator, that is, the target temperature set for the refrigerator and the temperature in the refrigerator. I do.
[0219]
Next, the operation will be described.
In the refrigerator 209 of the ninth embodiment, when the drive voltage Vd is applied to the linear vibration motor of the linear compressor 60a from the motor drive unit 60b, the linear compressor 60a is driven and the refrigerant flows through the arrow C in the refrigerant circulation path. And heat exchange is performed in the condenser 61 and the refrigerator evaporator 62. Thereby, the inside of the refrigerator is cooled.
[0220]
That is, the refrigerant that has become liquid in the condenser 61 expands as the flow rate is reduced by the expansion device 63, and becomes a low-temperature refrigerant liquid. Then, when the low-temperature liquid refrigerant is sent to the refrigerator compartment evaporator 62, the low-temperature refrigerant liquid evaporates in the refrigerator room evaporator 62 to cool the refrigerator. At this time, the air in the refrigerator compartment is forcibly sent into the refrigerator compartment evaporator 62 by the blower 62a, and the refrigerator compartment evaporator 62 exchanges heat efficiently.
[0221]
In the refrigerator 209 of the ninth embodiment, the output of the linear vibration motor of the linear compressor 60a is controlled by the motor drive unit 60b based on the target temperature set for the refrigerator 209 and the room temperature in the refrigerator. Is done. Thereby, in refrigerator 209, the temperature in the refrigerator is maintained at the target temperature.
[0222]
As described above, in the refrigerator 209 of the ninth embodiment, the linear compressor 60a that uses the linear vibration motor as the power source is used as the compressor that compresses and circulates the refrigerant. As in the case of the compressor 208, the friction loss in the compressor is reduced as compared with the compressor using a rotary motor as a drive source, and the sealing performance for sealing the refrigerant of the compressor is improved, so that the operating efficiency of the compressor is improved. Can be increased.
[0223]
Further, in the refrigerator 209 according to the ninth embodiment, since the friction loss in the compressor can be reduced, the amount of waste oil as the used lubricating oil and the compressor can be reduced, similarly to the air conditioner 208 according to the eighth embodiment. Thus, the amount of the refrigerant to be charged into the space is reduced. For this reason, there is also an effect that it can contribute to the preservation of the global environment.
[0224]
In the refrigerator 209 of the ninth embodiment, the motor output of the linear vibration motor of the compressor is controlled by adjusting the frequency of the AC voltage applied to the linear vibration motor. The output of the refrigerator 60a can be controlled without changing the level of the drive voltage, and the capacity control of the refrigerator is simplified. Further, since the output of the linear compressor 60a is controlled by adjusting the drive frequency, the linear compressor can be operated at the maximum capacity without any structural restrictions, as in the seventh embodiment, and at the rated capacity. A design that maximizes efficiency can be performed. As a result, a compact and high-efficiency linear compressor and a compact and high-efficiency refrigerator can be realized.
[0225]
(Embodiment 10)
FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating a cryogenic refrigerator according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
The cryogenic refrigerator 210 according to the tenth embodiment has a freezing room (not shown), and cools the inside of the freezing room to a very low temperature state (-50 ° C. or lower). The object to be cooled by using the cryogenic refrigerator 210 includes an electro-magnetic circuit element such as a resistor, a coil, and a magnet used as a superconducting element, an electronic component such as a low-temperature reference unit for an infrared sensor, and a medical device such as blood and internal organs. And frozen foods such as frozen tuna.
[0226]
The reason why the electronic components are kept at a very low temperature is to increase the operation efficiency or to increase the sensitivity by removing thermal noise, and in the case of foodstuffs, it is necessary to transport fresh foods, to maintain freshness and to dry the foods. is there.
[0227]
The refrigeration temperature varies depending on the application, but is −50 ° C. or lower, and particularly over a wide range of 0 to 100 K (Kelvin) in superconducting applications. For example, the cooling temperature of this cryogenic refrigerator is set to about 50 to 100K for high-temperature superconducting applications, and to about 0 to 50K for normal superconducting applications. When used for maintaining freshness of foods and the like, the cooling temperature of the cryogenic refrigeration system is set to a little less than -50 ° C.
[0228]
Hereinafter, a specific description will be given.
The cryogenic refrigerator 210 according to the tenth embodiment includes a linear compressor 70a, a compressor driving device 70b, a radiator 71, a regenerator 72, and an expansion device 73.
Here, the linear compressor 70a, the radiator 71, the expansion device 73, and the regenerator 72 form a refrigerant circulation path. The compressor drive unit 70b is a motor drive unit that drives and controls a linear vibration motor that is a drive source of the linear compressor 70a. The linear compressor 70a and the motor driver 70b are the same as the linear compressor 40 and the motor driver 207 of the seventh embodiment, respectively.
[0229]
The expansion device 73 is a device that expands the liquid refrigerant sent from the radiator 71 to the regenerator 72 in the same manner as the expansion device 53 of the eighth embodiment.
The radiator 71 is for condensing the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas flowing inside and releasing the heat of the refrigerant to the outside air, similarly to the condenser 61 of the refrigerator 209 of the ninth embodiment.
The regenerator 72 cools the freezer compartment by evaporating the low-temperature refrigerant liquid to bring the object to be cooled to a very low temperature state, similarly to the refrigerator compartment evaporator 62 of the ninth embodiment. Is provided with a temperature sensor 72b for detecting the temperature. Note that the regenerator 72 may have a blower 72a for increasing the efficiency of heat exchange, as shown in FIG.
[0230]
In the cryogenic refrigerator 210, the motor drive unit 70b performs linear compression based on the operating state of the cryogenic refrigerator, that is, the target temperature set for the cryogenic refrigerator and the temperature of the object to be frozen. The output of the linear vibration motor of the machine 70a.
[0231]
In the cryogenic refrigerator 210 according to the tenth embodiment, when an AC voltage Vd is applied from the motor drive unit 70b to the linear vibration motor of the linear compressor 70a, the linear compressor 70a is driven to drive the refrigerant in the refrigerant circulation path. Circulates in the direction of arrow D, and heat is exchanged between the radiator 71 and the regenerator 72. As a result, the inside of the freezer compartment is cooled, and the object to be cooled inside is cooled.
[0232]
That is, the refrigerant that has become liquid in the radiator 71 expands as the flow rate is reduced by the expansion device 73, and becomes a low-temperature refrigerant liquid. Then, when the low-temperature liquid refrigerant is sent to the regenerator 72, the low-temperature refrigerant liquid evaporates in the regenerator 72 to cool the freezing compartment.
[0233]
In the cryogenic refrigerator 210 according to the tenth embodiment, the motor drive unit 70b controls the linear compressor 70a based on the target temperature and the temperature of the object to be frozen set for the cryogenic refrigerator 210. The output of the linear vibration motor is controlled. Thereby, in the cryogenic refrigerator 210, the temperature of the object to be frozen is maintained at the target temperature.
[0234]
As described above, in the cryogenic refrigerator 210 according to the tenth embodiment, the linear compressor 70a that uses the linear vibration motor as the power source is used as the compressor that compresses and circulates the refrigerant. As with the air conditioner 208, the friction loss in the compressor is reduced as compared with the compressor using a rotary motor as a drive source, and the sealing performance for sealing the refrigerant of the compressor is improved. Operation efficiency can be improved.
[0235]
Furthermore, in the cryogenic refrigerator 210 according to the tenth embodiment, since the friction loss in the compressor can be reduced, the amount of waste oil that is used lubricating oil is generated similarly to the air conditioner 208 according to the eighth embodiment. And the amount of refrigerant to be charged into the compressor is reduced. For this reason, there is also an effect that it can contribute to the preservation of the global environment.
[0236]
Further, in the cryogenic refrigerator 210 of the tenth embodiment, the output of the linear vibration motor of the compressor is controlled by adjusting the frequency of the AC voltage applied to the linear vibration motor. The output of the linear compressor 70a can be controlled without changing the level of its drive voltage, and the capacity control of the cryogenic refrigerator 210 is simplified. In addition, since the output of the linear compressor 70a is controlled by adjusting the drive frequency, the linear compressor can be operated at the maximum capacity without any structural restrictions, and the efficiency at the rated capacity is maximized. Can design. As a result, a compact and highly efficient linear compressor and a compact and highly efficient cryogenic refrigerator can be realized.
[0237]
(Embodiment 11)
FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating a water heater according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention. A water heater 211 according to the eleventh embodiment includes a refrigeration cycle device 81a for heating supplied water and discharging hot water, a hot water storage tank 81b for storing hot water discharged from refrigeration cycle device 81a, and a water connecting these components. It has pipes 86a, 86b, 87a, and 87b.
[0238]
The refrigeration cycle device 81a includes a linear compressor 80a, a compressor driving device 80b, an air heat exchanger 82, a throttle device 83, and a water heat exchanger 85.
Here, the linear compressor 80a, the air heat exchanger 82, the expansion device 83, and the water heat exchanger 85 form a refrigerant circulation path.
The compressor driving device 80b drives a linear vibration motor (not shown) that is a driving source of the linear compressor 80a. The linear compressor 80a is the same as the linear compressor 40 having the linear vibration motor 46 of the seventh embodiment. The compressor drive device 80b is supplied with the DC voltage Vp from the external power supply 10, and has the same configuration as the motor drive device 207 of the seventh embodiment. Hereinafter, in the eleventh embodiment, This is referred to as a motor drive unit 80b.
[0239]
The expansion device 83 expands the liquid refrigerant by reducing the flow rate of the liquid refrigerant sent from the water heat exchanger 85 to the air heat exchanger 82, similarly to the expansion device 53 of the air conditioner 208 of the eighth embodiment. It is to let.
[0240]
The water heat exchanger 85 is a condenser that heats the water supplied to the refrigeration cycle device 81a, and has a temperature sensor 85a that detects the temperature of the heated water. The air heat exchanger 82 is an evaporator that absorbs heat from the surrounding atmosphere, and has a blower 82a for improving the heat exchange capacity and a temperature sensor 82b for detecting the surrounding temperature.
[0241]
In the figure, reference numeral 84 denotes a refrigerant pipe for circulating the refrigerant along a refrigerant circulation path formed by the linear compressor 80a, the water heat exchanger 85, the expansion device 83, and the air heat exchanger 82. The refrigerant pipe 84 is connected to a defrost bypass pipe 84a that supplies the refrigerant discharged from the linear compressor 80a to the air heat exchanger 82 by bypassing the water heat exchanger 85 and the expansion device 83, A defrost bypass valve 84b is provided in a part of the bypass pipe 84a.
[0242]
The hot water storage tank 81b has a hot water storage tank 88 for storing water or hot water. A water supply pipe 88c for externally supplying water into the hot water storage tank 88 is connected to a water receiving port 88c1 of the hot water storage tank 88, and a hot water outlet 88d1 of the hot water storage tank 88 supplies hot water from the hot water storage tank 88 to a bathtub. A bathtub hot water supply pipe 88d to be supplied is connected. A hot water supply pipe 89 for supplying the hot water stored in the tank 88 to the outside is connected to the water inlet / outlet 88a of the hot water storage tank 88.
[0243]
The hot water storage tank 88 and the water heat exchanger 85 of the refrigeration cycle device 81a are connected by pipes 86a, 86b, 87a, and 87b, and water circulates between the hot water storage tank 88 and the water heat exchanger 85. A road is formed.
[0244]
Here, the water pipe 86b is a pipe for supplying water from the hot water storage tank 88 to the water heat exchanger 85. One end of the water pipe 86b is connected to the water outlet 88b of the hot water storage tank 88, and the other end is connected via a joint 87b1. And is connected to the water inlet side pipe 87b of the water heat exchanger 85. A drain valve 88b1 for discharging water or hot water in the hot water storage tank 88 is attached to one end of the water pipe 86b. The water pipe 86a is a pipe for returning water from the water heat exchanger 85 to the hot water storage tank 88. One end of the water pipe 86a is connected to the water inlet / outlet 88a of the hot water storage tank 88, and the other end is connected to the water hot water via a joint 87a1. It is connected to the discharge pipe 87a of the exchanger 85.
A pump 87 for circulating water in the water circulation path is provided at a part of the water inlet side pipe 87b of the water heat exchanger 85.
[0245]
Further, in the water heater 211, the motor drive unit 80b supplies the operating state of the water heater, that is, the target temperature of the hot water set for the water heater, from the hot water storage layer 81b to the water heat exchanger 85a of the refrigeration cycle device 81a. The motor output required for the linear vibration motor of the linear compressor 80a is determined based on the temperature of the supplied water and the outside air temperature.
[0246]
Next, the operation will be described.
When an AC voltage Vd is applied from a motor driving unit 80b to a linear vibration motor (not shown) of the linear compressor 80a and the linear compressor 80a is driven, the high-temperature refrigerant compressed by the linear compressor 80a is indicated by an arrow E. The water is circulated in the direction, that is, is supplied to the water heat exchanger 85 through the refrigerant pipe 84. When the pump 87 in the water circulation path is driven, water is supplied from the hot water storage tank 88 to the water heat exchanger 85.
[0247]
Then, in the water heat exchanger 85, heat exchange is performed between the refrigerant and the water supplied from the hot water storage tank 88, and heat is transferred from the refrigerant to the water. That is, the supplied water is heated, and the heated water is supplied to the hot water storage tank 88. At this time, the temperature of the heated water is monitored by the condensation temperature sensor 85a.
[0248]
In the water heat exchanger 85, the refrigerant is condensed by the above heat exchange, and the condensed liquid refrigerant expands when its flow rate is restricted by the restriction device 83, and is sent to the air heat exchanger 82. In the water heater 211, the air heat exchanger 82 functions as an evaporator. That is, the air heat exchanger 82 absorbs heat from the outside air sent by the blower 82b and evaporates the low-temperature refrigerant liquid. At this time, the temperature of the atmosphere around the air heat exchanger 82 is monitored by the temperature sensor 82b.
[0249]
In the refrigeration cycle device 81a, when frost is formed on the air heat exchanger 82, the defrost bypass valve 84b is opened, and the high-temperature refrigerant is supplied to the air heat exchanger 82 via the defrost bypass passage 84a. . Thereby, defrosting of the air heat exchanger 82 is performed.
[0250]
On the other hand, hot water is supplied to the hot water storage tank 81b from the water heat exchanger 85 of the refrigeration cycle device 81a via the pipes 87a and 86a, and the supplied hot water is stored in the hot water storage tank 88. The hot water in the hot water storage tank 88 is supplied to the outside through a hot water supply pipe 89 as needed. In particular, when hot water is supplied to the bathtub, the hot water in the hot water storage tank is supplied to the bathtub through the bathtub hot water supply pipe 88d.
[0251]
When the stored amount of water or hot water in the hot water storage tank 88 becomes equal to or less than a certain amount, water is supplied from outside via the water supply pipe 88c.
In the water heater 211 of the eleventh embodiment, the motor drive unit 80b controls the target temperature of the hot water set for the water heater 211, the temperature of the water supplied to the water heat exchanger 85a, and the outside air temperature. Based on the output, the output of the linear vibration motor of the linear compressor 80a is controlled. As a result, the hot water supply unit 211 supplies hot water having the target temperature.
[0252]
As described above, in the water heater 211 of the eleventh embodiment, since the compressor that compresses and circulates the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle device 81a uses the linear compressor 80a that uses a linear vibration motor as a power source, Similar to the air conditioner 208 of the eighth embodiment, friction loss in the compressor is reduced, and the sealing performance for sealing the refrigerant of the compressor is improved as compared with the compressor using a rotary motor as a power source. As a result, the operating efficiency of the compressor can be increased.
[0253]
Furthermore, in the water heater 211 of the eleventh embodiment, since the friction loss in the compressor can be reduced, similarly to the air conditioner 208 of the eighth embodiment, the amount of waste lubricating oil used and the amount of compression of waste oil are reduced. The amount of the refrigerant charged into the machine is reduced. For this reason, there is also an effect that it can contribute to the preservation of the global environment.
[0254]
In the water heater 211 of the eleventh embodiment, the output of the linear vibration motor of the compressor is controlled by adjusting the frequency of the AC voltage applied to the linear vibration motor. The output of the water heater 80a can be controlled without changing the level of the drive voltage, and the capacity control of the water heater 211 is simplified. In addition, since the output of the linear compressor 80a is controlled by adjusting the drive frequency, the linear compressor can be operated at the maximum capacity without any structural restrictions, and the efficiency at the rated capacity is maximized. Can design. As a result, a small and highly efficient linear compressor and a small and highly efficient water heater can be realized.
[0255]
(Embodiment 12)
FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating a mobile phone according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.
The mobile phone 212 according to the twelfth embodiment includes a vibrator 90a that vibrates mechanically and a driving device 90b that drives the vibrating unit 90a, and transmits an incoming call or the like to the user by vibration.
[0256]
Here, the vibrator 90 a is disposed in the case 91 and is supported by a spring member 92 so as to vibrate, a weight member 93, a magnet 93 a partially fixed to the weight member 93, and the case 91 a. And a stator 94 in which a coil 94a is embedded, which is disposed to face the magnet 93a of the weight member 93. The linear vibration motor 95 is composed of the magnet 93a attached to the weight member 93 and the coil 94a embedded in the stator 94. In the linear vibration motor 95, the weight member 93 reciprocates along the direction in which the spring member 92 expands and contracts due to the electromagnetic force generated between the coil 94a and the magnet 93a and the elastic force of the spring member 92.
[0257]
The driving device 90b according to the twelfth embodiment converts the output voltage Vp of the battery 10a mounted on the mobile phone 212 into an AC voltage Vd, and drives the AC voltage Vd to the linear vibration motor 95 of the vibrator 90a. It is supplied as a voltage, and is hereinafter referred to as a motor drive unit 90b in the twelfth embodiment. The motor drive unit 90b has a motor driver 1, a drive frequency determination unit 2, and a command output determination unit 3 shown in FIG. 1, similarly to the motor drive device 101 of the first embodiment. Further, similarly to the motor driving device 101 of the first embodiment, the motor drive control unit 90b adjusts the motor output required for the linear vibration motor 95 by adjusting the frequency of the AC drive voltage Vd applied to the linear vibration motor 95. Control.
[0258]
In the mobile phone 212 having such a configuration, when an incoming call is received, the weight member 93 reciprocates in the direction of expansion and contraction of the spring member 92 due to the energization of the linear drive motor 95 of the vibrator 90a from the motor drive control unit 90b. Vibrates.
[0259]
That is, when the AC voltage Vd is applied to the coil 94a, an AC magnetic field is generated in the stator 94, and the magnet 93a is attracted to the magnetic field, and the magnet 93a and the weight member 93 to which the magnet 93a is fixed reciprocate. Start exercise.
[0260]
Then, in the operating state of the vibration unit 90a, the motor output required for the linear vibration motor 95 is determined based on the operation state of the linear vibration motor 95, and the driving frequency of the linear vibration motor 95 is determined based on the determined motor output. Is determined, and a constant amplitude AC voltage Vd having a frequency corresponding to the determined driving frequency is applied to the linear vibration motor 95. Thereby, in the mobile phone 212, the magnitude of the vibration at the time of the incoming call is controlled according to the required pattern, and the incoming call is transmitted to the user by the vibration of the pattern according to the user's preference.
[0261]
As described above, in the mobile phone 212 of the twelfth embodiment, the mechanical vibration is generated by the linear vibration motor 95. The vibration can be changed with two degrees of freedom, that is, the magnitude of the amplitude, and the vibrator 91 that notifies the user of an incoming call or the like by vibration can have various vibration variations.
[0262]
In the mobile phone 212 according to the twelfth embodiment, the motor output of the linear vibration motor, which is the power source of the vibration unit 90a, is controlled by adjusting the frequency of the AC voltage applied to the linear vibration motor. The motor output can be adjusted while the level of the drive voltage is kept constant, and the control of the magnitude of vibration of the mobile phone is simplified. Further, since the output of the linear vibration motor 95 is controlled by adjusting the driving frequency, the linear vibration motor 95 can be operated at the maximum capacity without any structural restrictions, and can generate stronger vibration.
[0263]
In the twelfth embodiment, the case where the linear vibration motor and the driving device thereof according to the first embodiment are used as a vibrator for notifying an incoming call of a mobile phone by vibration and a driving control unit thereof is described. It is needless to say that the linear vibration motor and its driving device can be used as a power source of a reciprocating electric shaver and its driving unit.
[0264]
Furthermore, in Embodiments 7 to 12, the motor drive unit has the same configuration as the motor drive device 101 of Embodiment 1, but the motor drive units of Embodiments 7 to 12 It may have the same configuration as the motor driving devices 101 to 106 of modes 2 to 6.
[0269]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention (claim1)Motor drive device according toAccording toWhat is claimed is: 1. A motor driver for driving a linear vibration motor having a reciprocating movable member and a spring member supporting the movable member, the motor driver supplying an AC voltage as a driving voltage to the linear vibration motor A drive frequency determination unit that determines a drive frequency of the linear vibration motor, and a position detection unit that detects a position of the mover,When the detected position of the movable element does not exceed a predetermined reference position, the drive frequency determining unit sets the drive frequency to a resonance frequency at which a spring vibration system including the movable element is in a resonance state. When the determined position of the mover exceeds the reference position, the drive frequency is determined to be higher than the resonance frequency, and the motor driver controls the AC voltage supplied to the linear vibration motor. The frequency is adjusted to match the drive frequency determined by the drive frequency determination unit, and the stroke of the mover is controlled.It is possible to adjust the motor output while keeping the drive voltage of the linear vibration motor constant, thereby increasing the maximum output of the linear vibration motor without changing the specifications of the linear vibration motor or its power supply. There are effects that can be.
Also, since the stroke of the mover of the linear vibration motor is changed by adjusting the frequency of the AC voltage,When the stroke of the mover is within the allowable range, the linear vibration motor can be driven with high efficiency using the drive frequency as the resonance frequency, and when the linear vibration motor is driven at the resonance frequency, the stroke of the mover can be reduced. Even in a high output range exceeding the allowable range, the stroke of the mover can be suppressed within the allowable range, and the linear vibration motor can be driven.Further, by using a voltage-controlled oscillator or the like as the oscillator mounted on the motor driver, the stroke control of the mover of the linear vibration motor can be easily performed by changing the control voltage of the voltage-controlled oscillator..
[0270]
The present invention (claim2According to claim)1In the motor driving device described above, the drive frequency determination unit is configured such that, when the detected position of the mover exceeds the reference position, the drive frequency does not exceed the drive frequency, and the detected position of the mover does not exceed the reference position. Since the frequency is changed, when the linear vibration motor is driven at the resonance frequency, the stroke of the mover does not exceed the allowable range in a high output region where the stroke of the mover exceeds the allowable range. By setting the frequency closest to the resonance frequency, there is an effect that the linear vibration motor can be driven with the highest efficiency while avoiding the mover from colliding or extending beyond the elastic limit of the support spring. In addition, in the high-power region, the drive frequency is set to a frequency closest to the resonance frequency where the stroke of the mover does not exceed the allowable range, so that the motor output required for the linear vibration motor decreases. Has an effect that the driving frequency can be smoothly returned to the resonance frequency.
[0271]
The present invention (claim3According to claim)1In the motor drive device described above, a target output determination unit that determines a target output that is a motor output required for the linear vibration motor, an output detection unit that detects a motor output of the linear vibration motor, and the detected motor A drive voltage determination unit that determines a target voltage value of a drive voltage of the linear vibration motor so that a difference between the output and the determined target output becomes zero, wherein the motor driver supplies the drive voltage to the linear vibration motor. The frequency and the voltage value of the AC voltage to be driven are such that the voltage value of the AC voltage is the target voltage value determined by the drive voltage determination unit, and the frequency of the AC voltage is the drive voltage determined by the drive frequency determination unit. Since the frequency is adjusted to match the frequency, the output control of the linear vibration motor is performed by the motor output required for the linear vibration motor. Is the feedback control that adjusts the voltage value of the drive voltage with the target output as the target output, thereby controlling the output of the linear vibration motor with high accuracy, stability, and responsiveness while suppressing the stroke of the mover within the allowable range. There is an effect that can be.
[0272]
The present invention (claim4According to claim)1 to 3In the motor drive device according to any one of the above, the reference position is determined based on an elastic limit value of a spring member that supports the mover, so that a high motor output was required. Even in such a case, the required motor output can be generated by suppressing the stroke length of the mover to such an extent that the extension width of the support spring of the mover does not exceed the elastic limit value. As a result, not only can the reliability of the linear vibration motor be improved, but also the linear vibration motor can be driven at the resonance frequency even in a high-power region where the extension width of the support spring cannot be extended from the elastic limit. be able to.
[0273]
The present invention (claim5According to claim)1 to 3In the motor drive device according to any one of the above, the reference position is determined based on a position at which the mover collides with a part constituting the linear vibration motor or a part of a device incorporating the linear vibration motor. Therefore, even when a high motor output is required, the stroke length of the mover may cause the mover to collide with the components of the linear vibration motor or the components incorporating the linear vibration motor. It is possible to generate the required motor output while keeping it low. As a result, not only can the reliability of the linear vibration motor be improved, but the linear vibration motor can be driven even in high-power areas where the motor cannot be driven at the resonance frequency due to the dimensions of the motor housing in the direction of the mover vibration. can do.
[0274]
The present invention (claim6)Motor drive device according toAccording toWhat is claimed is: 1. A motor driver for driving a linear vibration motor having a reciprocating movable member and a spring member supporting the movable member, the motor driver supplying an AC voltage as a driving voltage to the linear vibration motor When,A drive frequency determiner for determining a drive frequency of the linear vibration motor, a target output determiner for determining a target output which is a motor output required for the linear vibration motor, and an output for detecting a motor output of the linear vibration motor A detection unit; and a drive voltage determination unit that determines a target voltage value of a drive voltage of the linear vibration motor so that a difference between the detected motor output and the determined target output becomes zero. When the determined target voltage value does not exceed a predetermined reference value, the frequency determination unit determines the drive frequency to be a resonance frequency at which a spring vibration system including the mover is in a resonance state, When the determined target voltage value exceeds the reference value, the drive frequency is determined to be higher than the resonance frequency, and the motor driver controls the linear vibration. The frequency and the voltage value of the AC voltage supplied to the motor, the voltage value of the AC voltage is the target voltage value determined by the drive voltage determination unit, and the frequency of the AC voltage is determined by the drive frequency determination unit Adjusted to match the determined drive frequency to control the motor output and the stroke of the mover,It is possible to adjust the motor output while keeping the drive voltage of the linear vibration motor constant, thereby increasing the maximum output of the linear vibration motor without changing the specifications of the linear vibration motor or its power supply. There are effects that can be.
Further, since the output of the linear vibration motor and the stroke of the mover are changed by adjusting the frequency of the AC voltage,Drive the linear vibration motor at the resonance frequency with high efficiency until the required motor output reaches the maximum output that is limited by the power supply voltage level.AndIn a high output region where the required motor output exceeds the maximum output, the linear vibration motor can be driven at a frequency higher than its resonance frequency without greatly reducing the drive efficiency,Furthermore, by using a voltage-controlled oscillator or the like as an oscillator mounted on the motor driver, output control of the linear vibration motor and stroke control of the mover can be easily performed by changing the control voltage of the voltage-controlled oscillator.effective.
[0275]
Further, the output control of the linear vibration motor is feedback control for adjusting a voltage value of a drive voltage with a motor output required for the linear vibration motor as a target output, thereby controlling the output control of the linear vibration motor with high precision and accuracy. There is also an effect that it can be performed stably and with good responsiveness.
[0276]
The present invention (claim7According to claim)6In the motor driving device described above, the reference value is determined based on a voltage value of a DC power supply supplied to the motor driver, and the driving frequency determination unit determines that the determined target voltage value is the reference value. In the case of exceeding, the driving frequency is changed to a frequency at which the determined target voltage value does not exceed the reference value, so that in a high output region exceeding the maximum output limited by the power supply voltage, By setting the driving frequency to the frequency closest to the resonance frequency, high-efficiency driving of the linear vibration motor becomes possible, and when the motor output required for the linear vibration motor decreases, the driving frequency is smoothly changed to the resonance frequency. There is an effect that can be returned to.
[0277]
The present invention (claim8According to)What is claimed is: 1. A motor driver for driving a linear vibration motor having a reciprocating movable member and a spring member supporting the movable member, the motor driver supplying an AC voltage as a driving voltage to the linear vibration motor When,A drive frequency determiner for determining a drive frequency of the linear vibration motor, a target output determiner for determining a target output which is a motor output required for the linear vibration motor, and an output for detecting a motor output of the linear vibration motor A detection unit, a drive voltage determination unit that determines a target voltage value of a drive voltage of the linear vibration motor so that a difference between the detected motor output and the determined target output becomes zero, and the linear vibration motor. A drive voltage detection unit that detects an actual voltage value of the drive voltage of the drive voltage, wherein the drive frequency determination unit determines the detected actual voltage value based on a voltage value of a DC power supply supplied to the motor driver. If the reference frequency is not exceeded, the drive frequency is determined to be a resonance frequency at which the spring vibration system including the mover is in a resonance state, and the detected frequency is determined. If the voltage value exceeds the reference value, the drive frequency is determined to be higher than the resonance frequency, and the motor driver sets the frequency and voltage value of the AC voltage supplied to the linear vibration motor to The voltage value of the AC voltage is adjusted to the target voltage value determined by the drive voltage determination unit, and the frequency of the AC voltage is adjusted to match the drive frequency determined by the drive frequency determination unit. And controlling the stroke of the mover,It is possible to adjust the motor output while keeping the drive voltage of the linear vibration motor constant, thereby increasing the maximum output of the linear vibration motor without changing the specifications of the linear vibration motor or its power supply. There are effects that can be.
Further, since the output of the linear vibration motor and the stroke of the mover are changed by adjusting the frequency of the AC voltage,The linear vibration motor can be driven efficiently even in the high output area without being restricted by the voltage level of the power supply.Furthermore, by using a voltage-controlled oscillator or the like as an oscillator mounted on the motor driver, output control of the linear vibration motor and stroke control of the mover can be easily performed by changing the control voltage of the voltage-controlled oscillator.effective.
[0278]
In other words, even if the actual motor output does not match the required motor output, the actual motor output will reach the maximum output at which the driving of the linear vibration motor at the resonance frequency is limited by the voltage level of the power supply. Has the effect that the linear vibration motor can be driven with high efficiency at the resonance frequency. In a high-power region where the actual motor output of the linear vibration motor driven at the resonance frequency exceeds the maximum output, the linear vibration motor is driven at a frequency higher than the resonance frequency without greatly reducing the driving efficiency. There is an effect that can be done. Further, in the high output region, the drive frequency is set to a frequency closest to the resonance frequency at which the required motor output can be generated, so that when the required motor output decreases, the drive frequency is smoothly increased. There is an effect that the frequency can be returned to the resonance frequency.
[0279]
The present invention (claim9According to the air conditioner according to (1), the air conditioner includes a cylinder and a piston, and includes a compressor that compresses a fluid in the cylinder by movement of the piston, including a stator and a mover, A linear vibration motor that drives the piston, and a motor drive control device that drives and controls the linear vibration motor; The control device may include:8The motor drive control device according to any one of the above, characterized in that, compared with the conventional rotary motor, it is possible to reduce the friction loss, furthermore, the sealing performance between the high pressure and the low pressure of the refrigerant increases and the compression The efficiency increases. Furthermore, since the friction loss can be reduced, the lubricating oil, which is indispensable for rotary motors, can be significantly reduced, and not only the recyclability is improved, but also the amount of refrigerant dissolved in the oil is reduced. The amount of refrigerant to be charged into the tank can be reduced, contributing to the preservation of the global environment. In addition, since the capacity of the linear compressor is controlled by the driving frequency, the linear compressor can be operated at the maximum capacity without any structural restrictions, similar to a compressor using a rotary motor as the drive source. Designs can be made to maximize efficiency in capacity. As a result, the size and efficiency of the air conditioner using the linear compressor can be reduced.
[0280]
The present invention (claim10According to the refrigerator according to (1), the refrigerator includes a cylinder and a piston, and includes a compressor that compresses fluid in the cylinder by movement of the piston. The refrigerator includes a stator and a mover. A linear vibration motor driving the piston, and a motor drive control device for driving and controlling the linear vibration motor, the motor drive control device comprising: From claim 18The motor drive control device according to any one of the above, characterized in that, compared with the conventional rotary motor, it is possible to reduce the friction loss, furthermore, the sealing performance between the high pressure and the low pressure of the refrigerant increases and the compression The efficiency increases. Furthermore, since the friction loss can be reduced, the lubricating oil, which is indispensable for rotary motors, can be significantly reduced, and not only the recyclability is improved, but also the amount of refrigerant dissolved in the oil is reduced. The amount of refrigerant to be charged into the tank can be reduced, contributing to the preservation of the global environment. In addition, since the capacity of the linear compressor is controlled by the drive frequency, the linear compressor can be operated at the maximum capacity without any structural restrictions, similarly to the compressor using a rotary motor as a drive source. A design that maximizes efficiency at the rated capacity can be performed. As a result, the size and efficiency of the refrigerator using the linear compressor can be reduced.
[0281]
The present invention (claim11According to the cryogenic refrigerator according to (1), the cryogenic refrigerator has a cylinder and a piston, and includes a compressor that compresses a fluid in the cylinder by movement of the piston, and includes a stator and a mover. A linear vibration motor that drives the piston, and a motor drive control device that drives and controls the linear vibration motor, the spring being supported on the mover so that a spring vibration system including the mover is formed, The motor drive control device may include:8The motor drive control device according to any one of the above, characterized in that, compared with the conventional rotary motor, it is possible to reduce the friction loss, furthermore, the sealing performance between the high pressure and the low pressure of the refrigerant increases and the compression The efficiency increases. Furthermore, since the friction loss can be reduced, the lubricating oil, which is indispensable for rotary motors, can be significantly reduced, and not only the recyclability is improved, but also the amount of refrigerant dissolved in the oil is reduced. The amount of refrigerant to be charged into the tank can be reduced, contributing to the preservation of the global environment. In addition, since the capacity of the linear compressor is controlled by the drive frequency, the linear compressor can be operated at the maximum capacity without any structural restrictions, similarly to the compressor using a rotary motor as a drive source. A design that maximizes efficiency at the rated capacity can be performed. As a result, the size and efficiency of the cryogenic refrigerator using the linear compressor can be reduced.
[0282]
The present invention (claim12According to the water heater according to (1), the water heater includes a cylinder and a piston, and includes a compressor that compresses a fluid in the cylinder by movement of the piston. A linear vibration motor that drives the piston, and a motor drive control device that drives and controls the linear vibration motor, the motor drive control device comprising: Is from claim 18The motor drive control device according to any one of the above, characterized in that, compared with the conventional rotary motor, it is possible to reduce the friction loss, furthermore, the sealing performance between the high pressure and the low pressure of the refrigerant increases and the compression The efficiency increases. Furthermore, since the friction loss can be reduced, the lubricating oil, which is indispensable for rotary motors, can be significantly reduced. The amount of refrigerant to be charged into the tank can be reduced, contributing to the preservation of the global environment. In addition, since the capacity of the linear compressor is controlled by the drive frequency, the linear compressor can be operated at the maximum capacity without any structural restrictions, similarly to the compressor using a rotary motor as a drive source. A design that maximizes efficiency at the rated capacity can be performed. As a result, the size and efficiency of the water heater using the linear compressor can be reduced.
[0283]
The present invention (claimThirteenAccording to the mobile phone according to (1), the mobile phone includes a linear vibration motor that generates vibration, and a motor drive control device that drives and controls the linear vibration motor. The motor drive control device includes a movable element, and the movable element is spring-supported so that a spring vibration system including the movable element is formed.8Wherein the vibration can be transmitted to the outside with two degrees of freedom, that is, the frequency and the magnitude of the amplitude (vibration). Compared to a case where vibration is generated using a rotary motor, a variety of vibration variations can be obtained. Further, since the output of the linear vibration motor is controlled by adjusting the driving frequency, the linear vibration motor can be operated at the maximum capacity without any structural restriction, and can generate stronger vibration.

[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a motor drive device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a motor drive device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams illustrating a motor driving device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3A is a block diagram of the motor driving device, and FIGS. It is a figure showing an example of operation of a device.
FIGS. 4A and 4B are diagrams illustrating a motor driving device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4A is a block diagram of the motor driving device, and FIG. 4B is an example of the operation of the motor driving device. FIG.
FIGS. 5A and 5B are diagrams illustrating a motor driving device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5A is a block diagram of the motor driving device, and FIGS. It is a figure showing an example of operation of a device.
FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the driving principle of the motor driving device according to the fifth embodiment, and shows an equivalent circuit (FIG. (A)) of a linear vibration motor driven by the motor driving device, and modeling of the same. The obtained mechanical characteristics (FIG. (B)) are shown.
FIGS. 7A to 7D are diagrams for explaining the driving principle of the motor driving device according to the fifth embodiment. FIGS. 7A to 7D are diagrams illustrating the components of the equivalent circuit when the driving frequency is different. The vector shows the phase relationship between the terminal voltage, the drive voltage, and the drive current.
8A and 8B are diagrams illustrating a motor driving device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8A is a block diagram of the motor driving device, and FIGS. It is a figure showing an example of operation of a device.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a motor driving device 207 according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating an air conditioner 208 according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a refrigerator 209 according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating a cryogenic refrigerator 210 according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating a water heater 211 according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating a mobile phone 212 according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1,1a Motor driver
2, 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e Drive frequency determination unit
3 Command output decision unit (target output decision unit)
4 Output detector
5 Position detector
6 Resonance frequency determination unit
7 Drive voltage determination unit
8 Drive voltage detector
40, 50a, 60a, 70a, 80a Linear compressor
41a Cylinder section
41b Motor part
42 piston
43,92 Support spring
44 Magnet
45 electromagnet
46,95,100 Linear vibration motor
50b, 60b, 70b, 80b, 90b Motor drive control unit
51 Indoor heat exchanger
51b, 52b, 62b, 72b, 82b, 85a Temperature sensor
52 outdoor heat exchanger
53, 63, 73, 83 diaphragm device
54 Four-way valve
55 indoor unit
56 outdoor unit
61 Condenser
62 Refrigerator evaporator
71 Heatsink
72 regenerator
81a Refrigeration cycle device
81b Hot water storage tank
82 air heat exchanger
85 Water heat exchanger
87 pump
88 Hot water storage tank
90a vibrator
91 cases
93 Weight member
93a magnet
94 Stator
94a coil
100 linear vibration motor
101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 207 Motor drive device
208 air conditioner
209 refrigerator
210 Cryogenic refrigerator
211 water heater
212 mobile phone
α Thrust constant of linear vibration motor
Dposi position detection signal
Dresso resonance frequency signal
Ddv voltage detection signal
Dop output detection signal
Hg high pressure gas
Id drive current
Id (t) Instantaneous value of drive current
Ifr drive frequency signal
Equivalent inductance of L winding
Lg Low pressure gas
Omp motor output
Oop output command signal
Odv voltage amplitude signal
Prm Position of mover
R winding equivalent resistance
Vd drive voltage
Vd (t) Instantaneous value of drive voltage
v (t) Instantaneous value of the speed of the mover

Claims (13)

A motor drive device for driving a linear vibration motor having a mover provided to be able to reciprocate and a spring member supporting the mover,
A motor driver that supplies an AC voltage as a drive voltage to the linear vibration motor ;
A drive frequency determining unit that determines a drive frequency of the linear vibration motor,
A position detection unit that detects the position of the mover,
When the detected position of the movable element does not exceed a predetermined reference position, the drive frequency determining unit sets the drive frequency to a resonance frequency at which a spring vibration system including the movable element is in a resonance state. Determined, if the detected position of the mover exceeds the reference position, the drive frequency is determined to a frequency higher than the resonance frequency,
The motor driver adjusts the frequency of the AC voltage supplied to the linear vibration motor to match the drive frequency determined by the drive frequency determination unit, and controls the stroke of the mover.
A motor drive device characterized by the above-mentioned. The motor drive device according to claim 1,
When the detected position of the mover exceeds the reference position, the drive frequency determination unit changes the drive frequency to a frequency at which the position of the detected mover does not exceed the reference position.
A motor drive device characterized by the above-mentioned. The motor drive device according to claim 1 ,
A target output determining unit that determines a target output that is a motor output required for the linear vibration motor,
An output detection unit that detects a motor output of the linear vibration motor,
A drive voltage determining unit that determines a target voltage value of a drive voltage of the linear vibration motor, so that a difference between the detected motor output and the determined target output becomes zero,
The motor driver is
The frequency and voltage value of the AC voltage supplied to the linear vibration motor, the voltage value of the AC voltage becomes the target voltage value determined by the drive voltage determination unit, and the frequency of the AC voltage, the drive frequency determination Adjust to match the drive frequency determined by the section,
A motor drive device characterized by the above-mentioned. The motor drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
The reference position is determined based on an elastic limit value of a spring member supporting the mover,
A motor drive device characterized by the above-mentioned. The motor drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The reference position is determined based on a position at which the mover collides with a component of the linear vibration motor, or a component of a device incorporating the linear vibration motor.
A motor drive device characterized by the above-mentioned. A motor drive device for driving a linear vibration motor having a mover provided to be able to reciprocate and a spring member supporting the mover,
A motor driver that supplies an AC voltage as a drive voltage to the linear vibration motor;
A drive frequency determining unit that determines a drive frequency of the linear vibration motor,
A target output determining unit that determines a target output that is a motor output required for the linear vibration motor,
An output detection unit that detects a motor output of the linear vibration motor,
A drive voltage determining unit that determines a target voltage value of a drive voltage of the linear vibration motor, so that a difference between the detected motor output and the determined target output becomes zero,
When the determined target voltage value does not exceed a predetermined reference value, the drive frequency determination unit determines the drive frequency to be a resonance frequency at which a spring vibration system including the mover is in a resonance state. When the determined target voltage value exceeds the reference value, the drive frequency is determined to be higher than the resonance frequency,
The motor driver sets the frequency and the voltage value of the AC voltage supplied to the linear vibration motor to the target voltage value determined by the drive voltage determination unit, and the frequency of the AC voltage is changed. Adjusting the drive frequency determined by the drive frequency determination unit to match the drive frequency to control the motor output and the stroke of the mover,
A motor drive device characterized by the above-mentioned. The motor drive device according to claim 6 ,
The reference value is determined based on a voltage value of a DC power supply supplied to the motor driver,
When the determined target voltage value exceeds the reference value, the drive frequency determination unit changes the drive frequency to a frequency at which the determined target voltage value does not exceed the reference value.
A motor drive device characterized by the above-mentioned. A motor drive device for driving a linear vibration motor having a mover provided to be able to reciprocate and a spring member supporting the mover,
A motor driver that supplies an AC voltage as a drive voltage to the linear vibration motor;
A drive frequency determining unit that determines a drive frequency of the linear vibration motor,
A target output determining unit that determines a target output that is a motor output required for the linear vibration motor,
An output detection unit that detects a motor output of the linear vibration motor,
A drive voltage determination unit that determines a target voltage value of a drive voltage of the linear vibration motor, such that a difference between the detected motor output and the determined target output becomes zero,
A drive voltage detection unit that detects an actual voltage value of the drive voltage of the linear vibration motor,
The drive frequency determination unit, when the detected actual voltage value does not exceed a reference value determined based on the voltage value of the DC power supply supplied to the motor driver, the drive frequency, the Determine the resonance frequency at which the spring vibration system including the mover is in a resonance state, and when the detected actual voltage value exceeds the reference value, determine the drive frequency to a frequency higher than the resonance frequency,
The motor driver sets the frequency and the voltage value of the AC voltage supplied to the linear vibration motor to the target voltage value determined by the drive voltage determination unit, and the frequency of the AC voltage is changed. Adjusting to match the drive frequency determined by the drive frequency determination unit, to control the motor output and the stroke of the mover,
A motor drive device characterized by the above-mentioned. An air conditioner having a cylinder and a piston, comprising a compressor that compresses a fluid in the cylinder by reciprocating motion of the piston,
A linear vibration motor having a stator and a mover, spring-supporting the mover to form a spring vibration system including the mover, and reciprocating the piston;
A motor driving device for driving the linear vibration motor,
The motor drive device is the motor drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
An air conditioner characterized by that: A refrigerator having a cylinder and a piston, comprising a compressor that compresses a fluid in the cylinder by reciprocating motion of the piston,
A linear vibration motor having a stator and a mover, spring-supporting the mover to form a spring vibration system including the mover, and reciprocating the piston;
A motor driving device for driving the linear vibration motor,
The motor drive device is the motor drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
A refrigerator characterized by that: A cryogenic refrigerator having a cylinder and a piston, comprising a compressor that compresses a fluid in the cylinder by reciprocating motion of the piston,
A linear vibration motor having a stator and a mover, spring-supporting the mover to form a spring vibration system including the mover, and reciprocating the piston;
A motor driving device for driving the linear vibration motor,
The motor drive device is the motor drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
A cryogenic refrigerator comprising: A water heater having a cylinder and a piston, comprising a compressor that compresses fluid in the cylinder by reciprocating motion of the piston,
A linear vibration motor having a stator and a mover, spring-supporting the mover so that a spring vibration system including the mover is formed, and reciprocating the piston;
A motor driving device for driving the linear vibration motor,
The motor drive device is the motor drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 ,
A water heater characterized in that: A mobile phone including a linear vibration motor that generates vibration, and a motor driving device that drives the linear vibration motor,
The linear vibration motor has a stator and a movable element, and the movable element is spring-supported so that a spring vibration system including the movable element is formed.
The motor drive device is the motor drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 ,
A mobile phone characterized by the above-mentioned.

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