JP3365564B2 - Glasses type display device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Table of Contents] The present invention will be described in the following order. Industrial applications Conventional technology Problems to be Solved by the Invention (FIGS. 8 and 9) Means for Solving the Problems (FIGS. 1 and 4) Action (Figs. 1 and 4) Example (1) First embodiment (FIGS. 1 to 3) (2) Second embodiment (FIGS. 4 to 6) (3) Another embodiment (FIG. 7) The invention's effect

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spectacle type display device, and can be applied to, for example, a device used in virtual reality, so-called vuar reality.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an image created by a computer graphics system or the like is viewed by a spectacle type display device or the like, and a user feels as if it were in a virtual space in the image (so-called virtual reality ( There is something that was designed to let you experience Vujali Reality)).

The spectacle-type display device used in this varchy reality has left and right display portions on which images are displayed, and the user can display virtual images of these left and right display portions through the left and right lens systems. It is designed to be watched. In this case, optical systems such as left and right lens systems are arranged so that the positions of these virtual images coincide with each other.

[0005]

By the way, in the spectacle-type display device having such a configuration, since viewing is performed through the left and right lens systems, a problem of incompatibility of diopter between the lens system and the user occurs. . For this reason, the spectacles type display device is provided with diopter adjusting means in order to eliminate such a diopter mismatch.

When the diopter is adjusted in this manner, the left and right display parts are usually moved toward or away from the left and right lens systems. In this case, the left and right display parts are provided on a single moving member so as to move integrally. Therefore, when the diopter adjustment is performed, the position of the virtual image G moves as shown in FIG. 8, and the positions of the virtual images G _L and G _R do not match.

On the other hand, even with such virtual images that do not match, the user can correct them so that they match and perform visual observation. However, if the visual observation with such correction is continued for a long time, the user is significantly strained and fatigue such as eye strain is caused. For this reason, there is a problem that the eyesight is reduced and a headache occurs, which places a heavy burden on the user.

Further, a so-called goggle type structure as shown in FIG. 9 (A) is often used in a spectacle type display device used for vaginal reality. In this case, in consideration of the user who uses normal eyeglasses for correcting visual acuity, a space for inserting eyeglasses is provided in the goggles as shown in FIG. 9B. However, in this case, when trying to replace the glasses, the glasses-type display device has to be removed each time, and there is a problem in usability.

Further, in the eyeglass-type display device having the goggle-type configuration, since the peripheral visual field other than the display portion is closed by the housing, it is possible to walk while wearing the eyeglass-type display device, for example. Difficult and dangerous. Further, it is impossible to see the other display devices during the work, and the eyeglass-type display device has to be removed for the purpose of viewing.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and proposes a spectacle-type display device capable of surely adjusting the diopter with a simple structure and being able to see the outside scene as necessary while wearing the device. Is what you are trying to do.

[0011]

In order to solve such a problem, according to the present invention, left and right display portions 1L and 1R are provided, and the left and right display portions 1L and 1R are respectively arranged with respect to the images displayed on the left and right display portions 1L and 1R. Lens systems 2L and 2R are provided,
In an eyeglass-type display device for observing a virtual image obtained through the left and right lens systems 2L and 2R, the left and right lens systems 2L and 2R on the principal point axes of the left and right lens systems 2L and 2R.
The left and right display units 1L, 1R are respectively moved on the line segment connecting the center point of the lens and the focal points of the left and right lens systems 2L, 2R, and the left and right display units 1L, 1R and the left and right lens systems 2L are adjusted by diopter adjustment. Even if the distance of 2R changes, the positions of the left and right virtual images to be viewed match.

Further, in the present invention, the left and right display portions 1
L and 1R are provided, and left and right lens systems 2L and 2L are provided for the images displayed on the left and right display portions 1L and 1R, respectively.
In a spectacle-type display device provided with R and observing a virtual image obtained through the left and right lens systems 2L and 2R, the center of the left and right lens systems 2L and 2R on the principal axis of the left and right lens systems 2L and 2R. Point and left and right lens system 2L,
Left and right slide mechanisms 13L, 13R, 14L, 14R that slide along a line segment connecting the focal points of 2R are provided, and the left and right display units 1L, 1R are attached to the left and right slide mechanisms 13L, 13R, 14L, 14R, respectively. By moving the left and right display units 1L and 1R on the respective line segments, even if the distance between the left and right display units 1L and 1R and the left and right lens systems 2L and 2R changes due to the diopter adjustment, they are viewed. The positions of the left and right virtual images are matched.

Further, in the present invention, the left and right display portions 1
L, 1R and the left and right lens systems 2L, 2R are mounted on the head mounting member 6 above the left and right eyes of the viewer, and the left and right lens systems are arranged in front of the left and right eyes of the viewer. 2L,
A beam splitter 3 which is arranged at a predetermined angle with respect to the optical axis so that the optical axis of 2R can be bent in the direction of the line of sight of the viewer.
And the dimming means 4 arranged in front of the beam splitter 3.

Further, in the present invention, the head mounting member 6 has the collar portion 7, and the beam splitter 3 is arranged below the collar portion 7 at a position separated from the face of the viewer by a predetermined distance. did.

Further, in the present invention, the bottom of the beam splitter 3 is covered with the bottom surface 5A continuous with the housing 5. Further, in the present invention, the bottom surface 5 continuous with the housing 5
A was made to match the visual line directions of the left and right eyes of the viewer.

[0016]

The left and right slide systems 13L, 13R, which slide along the line segment connecting the central point on the principal point axes of the left and right lens systems 2L, 2R and the focal points of the left and right lens systems 2L, 2R,
By attaching the left and right display units 1L and 1R to 14L and 14R respectively and moving the left and right display units 1L and 1R respectively on the line segments, the left and right display units 1L and 1R and the left and right display units 1L and 1R are adjusted by diopter adjustment. Even if the distance between the lens systems 2L and 2R changes, the positions of the left and right virtual images to be viewed can be matched.

Also, the left and right display portions 1L, 1R and the left and right lens systems 2L, 2R are mounted above the left and right eyes of the viewer through the head mounting member 6, so that the glasses can be changed during use. In addition to being able to perform the above, the provision of the light-reducing means 4 and the blocking means 16, 17, and 18 can provide a field of view below or outside the virtual image display range, and walk or work with the person wearing it as necessary. You can see other displays inside.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

(1) First Embodiment FIG. 1 schematically shows the structure of a first embodiment of a spectacle-type display device according to the present invention as a whole, in which the left and right display portions 1L and 1R are respectively left and right. Lens system 2L, 2
R is provided. Then, the optical axes of these lens systems 2L and 2R are reflected by the beam splitter 3 arranged at an angle of 45 ° and enter the left and right eyeballs (not shown) of the user.
A liquid crystal shutter 4 is arranged in front of the beam splitter 3.

The display units 1L and 1R, the lens systems 2L and 2R, the beam splitter 3, and the liquid crystal shutter 4 are also included.
Are stored in an arbitrary casing 5 shown by a broken line in the figure. The housing 5 is made of a matte black-painted material that does not transmit light, and is adhered to the collar portion 7 of the head mounting member 6 at the position indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in the figure. By mounting the head mounting member 6 on the head, a virtual image can be observed.

The left and right image signals supplied to the left and right display units 1L and 1R are created by the computers 8L and 8R, and these image signals are supplied to the display units 1L and 1R through the control device 9. The controller 9 also generates a control signal for opening or closing the liquid crystal shutter 4 in response to the operation of the switch.

Further, in the case of this spectacle type display device, the left and right display portions 1L and 1R are fixed to the first linear sliders 11L and 11R, respectively. The linear sliders 11L and 11R are attached to a common first slider shaft 12. Along with this, the left and right display units 1L, 1
R are fixed to the second linear sliders 13L and 13R, respectively. This second linear slider 13L, 13
R is the second and third slider shafts 14L and 14R, respectively.
The slider shafts 14L and 14R are fixed to the housing 5 by a fixing member 15L and 15R at a predetermined angle, for example, by adhesion or the like.

Accordingly, when the first slider shaft 12 is moved upward or downward, the left and right display portions 1L, 1R are separated or approached with respect to the left and right lens systems 2L, 2R. Adjustments are made. Further, the display units 1L and 1R move the first slider shaft 12 upward or downward to move the second and third slider shafts 14L and 14R.
Left and right lens system 2L, 2 while changing its position along
It is arranged to be spaced apart from or close to R.

FIG. 2 shows an optical arrangement of the left and right display portions 1L and 1R and the left and right lens systems 2L and 2R. The beam splitter 3 is omitted. In the figure, when the right display unit 1R is placed at the position of point A, the center of the virtual image obtained as a result is formed at point B on the optical axis of the right lens system 2R. In order to actually match the left and right virtual images, it is necessary to bring the center of the virtual image to the point C. That is, the distance between the optical axes of the left and right lens systems 2L and 2R may be set to δ and moved by δ / 2.

The lateral magnification m of the virtual image is given by the following equation, where s is the distance between the center A of the right display section 1R and the principal point axis α of the lens system 2R, and f is the distance to the focus F.

[Equation 1] It is represented by. Therefore, the required moving amount of the right display unit 1R is d
Then, the virtual image moves by m × d, so

[Equation 2] The movement amount d that satisfies

[Equation 3] It is represented by. This is a line segment from the focal point F to the central point O on the principal point axis α of the left and right lens systems 2L and 2R in the figure. This also applies to the left display unit 1L and the left lens system 2L.

In the eyeglass-type display device of this embodiment, the left and right display portions 1 are based on such an optical principle.
The second and third slider shafts 14L and 14R are arranged so that L and 1R move along these line segments FO. As a result, the diopter adjustment is performed and the left and right display portions 1L, 1
Even if the distance between R and the left and right lens systems 2L, 2R changes,
The positions of the left and right virtual images that are viewed can be matched.

In this spectacle type display device, the left and right display portions 1L, 1R and the left and right lens systems 2L, 2
R is disposed on the head mounting member 6, whereby the left and right display units 1L, 1R and the lens systems 2L, 2R are mounted above the left and right eyes of the viewer. Left and right lens systems 2L, 2R
The optical axis is bent by the beam splitter 3 which is arranged at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the optical axis and the liquid crystal shutter 4 is arranged in front of the beam splitter 3 so that the eyeglass-type display device is mounted. Even in this state, if the liquid crystal shutter 4 is opened, the external world can be observed instantly. It is also possible to watch the image while visually observing the work in the outside world.

Further, in this spectacle type display device, as shown in FIG. 3, the head mounting member 6 is formed with a collar portion 7, and below the collar portion 7 a predetermined distance from the viewer's face. The beam splitter 3 is arranged at a different position.
As a result, the lower field of view can be secured with the spectacles-type display device still attached, and the glasses can be freely changed without removing the spectacles-type display device each time.

Further, in this spectacle type display device,
The bottom surface 5A where the lower part of the beam splitter 3 is continuous with the housing 5
Is covered with. As a result, external light is prevented from entering from below the beam splitter 3 and unnecessary reflections on the left and right display portions 1L and 1R are prevented, so that the visibility of the virtual image can be further improved. Further, the bottom surface 5A is arranged in a direction coinciding with the line-of-sight directions of the left and right eyes of the viewer, thereby minimizing the range in which the bottom surface 5A blocks the field of view and ensuring the visibility when observing the outside world. It is designed to get you.

According to the above configuration, the left and right display portions 1L,
Even if the distance between the 1R and the lens systems 2L and 2R is changed, the positions of the left and right virtual images to be viewed can be made to coincide with each other, whereby the diopter can be surely adjusted with a simple structure, and thus the usability is markedly improved. An spectacle-type display device that can be improved can be realized.

Further, according to the above-mentioned structure, the lower field of view can be obtained in the mounted state, and the outside world can be instantly observed by opening the liquid crystal shutter 4 if necessary, whereby the user can walk with the mounted state. Or you can see other displays etc. while working. Further, according to the above configuration, it is possible to realize the eyeglass-type display device in which the eyeglasses can be easily changed during wearing.

(2) Second Embodiment FIG. 4, in which parts corresponding to those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, generally shows the structure of a second embodiment of the spectacle-type display device according to the present invention. , The linear sliders 11, 13L, 13R and slider shaft 12 described above with reference to FIG.
The 14L and 14R diopter adjustment mechanism is omitted in the drawing.

In the case of this spectacle type display device, FIG.
The liquid crystal encapsulation glass 16 and the polarization filter 17 are arranged at the position of the liquid crystal shutter 4 in the eyeglass-type display device described above. Further, the left and right polarization filters 18L and 18R are attached to the transparent plastic plate 19 between the beam splitter 3 and the eyeball. In practice, the periphery of the transparent plastic plate 19 is adhesively fixed to the housing 5.

The control device 9 of the spectacles type display device is supplied with a video signal of, for example, a small video tape recorder 15 in place of the image signal generated by the computers 8L and 8R, whereby the video image is viewed. It is designed to be able to do. In addition, the controller 9 and the small VT
The R15 and the like are fixed and integrated so that the user can carry them by fixing them to the belt or lowering them from the shoulders.

Here, the left and right display portions 1L, 1R and the left and right lens systems 2L, 2R in this spectacle type display device.
As an optical arrangement of the left and right polarization filters 18L and 18R, the liquid crystal encapsulation glass 16 and the polarization filter 17, a cross-sectional view on the lens optical axis and a cross-sectional view on the plane AA 'are shown in FIGS. ).

In the case of this spectacle-type display device, the left and right display portions 1L and 1R are polarized light generation type displays, and this image is enlarged by the convex lenses of the left and right lens systems 2L and 2R and reflected by the beam splitter 3. The left and right display portions 1L in front of the eyeball 20,
The virtual image 21 of 1R is displayed.

A liquid crystal shutter is constructed by installing a polarization filter 18 between the eyeball 20 and the beam splitter 3 and a liquid crystal encapsulation glass 16 and a polarization filter 17 in front of the beam splitter 3. That is, the liquid crystal filled glass 1
In No. 6, when the voltage is not applied, the liquid crystal molecules are twisted in a spiral shape over a range of 90 °, so that the polarization plane of the incident light is rotated by 90 ° and transmitted, and conversely the voltage is changed. In the applied state, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the same direction, and therefore, it has a function of transmitting the transmitted light as it is without rotating the polarization plane. And the polarization filter 18
The polarization directions of L, 18R and the polarization filter 17 are shown in FIG.
As shown by the arrow in (B), it is set so as to coincide with the direction parallel to the paper surface, that is, the left-right direction of the viewer. Therefore, when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal encapsulation glass 16, the polarization direction of the transmitted light of the outside scene transmitted through the polarization filter 17 is a direction perpendicular to the paper surface as indicated by the mark "." In FIG. And the transmitted light is the polarization filter 18L,
It will be blocked by 18R. Also, liquid crystal filled glass 16
When a voltage is applied to the left and right eyeballs 20R, the transmitted light that has passed through the polarization filter 17 does not rotate in the polarization direction, so that the transmitted light is not blocked by the polarization filters 18L and 18R. , 20L is reached. Here, the size and position of the polarization filter 18 are selected within a range of viewing angles θ _I (θ _IR , θ _IL ) for viewing the virtual images 21 of the left and right eyes 20R and 20L, respectively. Only can hide.

The polarization filters 18L and 18R are installed independently of the left and right eyeballs 20L and 20R, so that the outside view of the opposite eye is not hidden and the range where the outside view is hidden can be checked, for example. Even so, the virtual image 21
Only the outside view of the display range is hidden. Polarization filter 1
The polarization directions of 8L and 18R are the same, and the polarization direction is made to match the polarization direction of the display unit 1. Therefore, even when the virtual image 21 is viewed through the polarization filters 18L and 18R, the light of the virtual image 21 is hardly dimmed by the polarization filters 18R and 18L.

Similar to FIG. 5, the relationship between the cut-off range of the external scene and the virtual image viewing angle by the liquid crystal shutter 4 of the spectacle-type display device of FIG. 1 is shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B. As a matter of fact, when the liquid crystal shutter 4 is cut off as shown in the figure, most of the outside view in the front field of view is blocked, which hinders the operation while taking in information about the outside. On the other hand, in the second embodiment, since the outside scene of only the display range of the virtual image 21 can be hidden, it becomes possible to see the surroundings.
As a result, the virtual image 21 can be observed while performing other work.

Even when the virtual image 21 is only viewed,
When the visual field of the outside world is blocked, the sense of equilibrium of humans when the head is moved may be disturbed, resulting in dizziness and discomfort. On the other hand, in the second embodiment, since the field of view is not confined in the closed space including only the virtual image 21, the imbalance of the sense of balance does not occur when the head is moved.

According to the above construction, the diopter can be surely adjusted with a simple construction, and only the outside scene of the display range of the virtual image 21 is hidden by the liquid crystal shutter composed of the polarization filters 17 and 18 and the liquid crystal sealing glass 16. As a result, the surroundings can be seen, the virtual image 21 can be observed while performing other work, and even if the head is moved, the sense of balance is not disturbed, and the usability of the user is dramatically improved. An spectacle-type display device that can be improved can be realized.

(3) Other Embodiments In the second embodiment described above, the range in which the outside scene is hidden is determined by the polarization filter 18 arranged between the eyeball 20 and the beam splitter 3, but instead of this, the beam splitter is used. 3 and a polarizing filter 1 arranged in front of the liquid crystal enclosing glass 16
It is also possible to set a range for hiding the outside scene at 7 '.

Incidentally, in this case, as shown in FIG. 7 in which parts corresponding to those in FIG. 5 are designated by the same reference numerals, the polarization filter 18 ′ disposed between the eyeball 20 and the beam splitter 3 is made sufficiently large, and the liquid crystal is sealed. The polarizing filter 17 'arranged in front of the glass 16 is set to a size of the display range of the virtual image. The polarization directions of the left-eye polarization filter 17L 'and the polarization filter 18L' are set so as to be parallel to the paper surface, that is, the left-right direction of the viewer, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 7 (B). The polarization directions of the right-eye polarization filter 17R 'and the polarization filter 18R' coincide with the direction perpendicular to the paper surface, that is, the vertical direction of the viewer, as indicated by the "." Mark in FIG. 7B. Is set. Therefore, when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal-encapsulated glass 16, the polarization direction of the transmitted light of the outside scene transmitted through the left-eye polarization filter 17L 'is as shown by the "." Mark in FIG. 7B. The direction is perpendicular to the paper surface, and the transmitted light is blocked by the polarization filter 18L '. Further, when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal encapsulation glass 16, the transmitted light that has passed through the left-eye polarization filter 17L 'does not rotate in the polarization direction, so the transmitted light is left-eye polarization filter 18L'. Reaches the left eyeball 20L without being blocked by.

Further, the polarization directions of the left and right display portions 1L, 1R are made to coincide with the polarization directions of the left and right polarization filters 17 '(17L', 17R '), respectively, and the light rays of the left and right display portions 1L, 1R are left and right eyes 20L. , 20R. With this configuration, for example, when focusing on the left eyeball 20L,
The light that has passed through the polarization filter 17L ′ in front of the left eyeball 20L does not reach the left eyeball 20L and can hide the outside scene of the virtual image visual field region.

On the other hand, the polarization filter 17 in front of the right eye 20R
The light passing through R ′ reaches the left eyeball 20L. In this way, it becomes possible to hide only the outside scene in the virtual image range in front of the left eyeball 20L. The same applies to the front of the right eyeball 20R, and eventually only the outside scene in the virtual image range in front of the left and right eyeballs 20L and 20R can be hidden independently.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiments, the present invention is applied to the eyeglass-type display device used for the virtual reality, but the present invention is not limited to this, and is widely applied to various display devices such as a display device of a computer. Is suitable.

[0047]

As described above, according to the present invention, the left and right lens systems 2L, 2R on the principal point axes of the left and right lens systems 2L, 2R.
When the diopter adjustment is performed by moving the left and right display units 1L and 1R respectively on the line segment connecting the center point of R and the focal points of the left and right lens systems 2L and 2R. Also, the left and right virtual images to be viewed can always be made to coincide with each other, and thus a spectacle-type display device capable of surely adjusting the diopter with a simple configuration can be realized.

Further, by hiding only the outside scene of the display range of the virtual image by the blocking means, the surroundings can be seen, the virtual image can be observed while performing other work, and the head can be moved. Even so, it is possible to realize a spectacle-type display device that does not cause an imbalance in the sense of balance, and thus to realize a spectacle-type display device that can significantly improve the usability of the user.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing the configuration of a first embodiment of a spectacle-type display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an optical system diagram for explaining a diopter adjustment optical system in the glasses-type display device of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the glasses-type display device of FIG. 1 is mounted.

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing a configuration of a second embodiment of the spectacles type display device according to the present invention.

5 is an optical system diagram for explaining a virtual image display range in the glasses-type display device of FIG.

FIG. 6 is an optical system diagram for explaining a virtual image display range in the glasses-type display device of FIG.

FIG. 7 is an optical system diagram for explaining a virtual image display range in an eyeglass-type display device according to another embodiment.

FIG. 8 is an optical system diagram for explaining diopter adjustment in a conventional eyeglass-type display device.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram for explaining a conventional eyeglass-type display device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1L, 1R ... left and right display section, 2L, 2R ... left and right lens system, 3 ... beam splitter, 4 ... liquid crystal shutter,
5 ... Housing, 6 ... Head mounting member, 7 ... Collar portion, 8L,
8R: Computer, 9: Control device, 11, 13 ...
... Linear slider, 12, 14L, 14R ... Slider shaft, 15L, 15R ... Solid member, 16 ... Liquid crystal filled glass, 17, 18 ... Polarization filter, 19 ... Transparent plastic plate, 20 ... Eyeball, 21 ……virtual image.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-4-106517 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G02B 27/02

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. Eyeglasses which are provided with left and right display portions, and are provided with left and right lens systems for images displayed on the left and right display portions, respectively, for observing a virtual image obtained through the left and right lens systems. In a type display device, the left and right display units are respectively moved on a central point of the left and right lens systems and a line segment connecting the focal points of the left and right lens systems on the principal point axis of the left and right lens systems, An eyeglass-type display device, characterized in that the positions of the left and right virtual images to be viewed coincide with each other even if the distance between the left and right display units and the left and right lens systems changes due to the diopter adjustment. 2. Eyeglasses which are provided with left and right display parts, and left and right lens systems are provided for images displayed on the left and right display parts, respectively, for observing a virtual image obtained through the left and right lens systems. In the display device, a left and right slide mechanism is provided, which slides along a central point of the left and right lens systems and a line segment connecting the focal points of the left and right lens systems on the principal point axis of the left and right lens systems. The left and right display units are attached to the left and right slide mechanisms, and the left and right display units move on the line segments, respectively, and the distance between the left and right display units and the left and right lens systems is adjusted by adjusting the diopter. The spectacle-type display device is characterized in that the positions of the left and right virtual images to be viewed coincide with each other even if is changed. 3. A head mounting member for mounting the left and right display units and the left and right lens systems above the left and right eyes of a viewer, and is arranged in front of the left and right eyes of the viewer. In order to bend the optical axes of the left and right lens systems in the direction of the line of sight of the viewer, a beam splitter disposed at a predetermined angle with respect to the optical axis and a beam splitter disposed in front of the beam splitter. The eyeglass-type display device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a light unit. 4. The head mounting member has a collar portion, and is located below the collar portion at a position spaced a predetermined distance from the face of the viewer.
The eyeglasses type display device according to claim 3, wherein the beam splitter is arranged. 5. A method according to claim, characterized in that to cover the bottom surface of continuous below the beam splitter to the housing 3 also
Is an eyeglass-type display device according to claim 4 . 6. The spectacle-type display device according to claim 5 , wherein the bottom surface continuous with the casing is made to coincide with the line-of-sight directions of the left and right eyes of the viewer.