JP3344581B2 - Audio coding device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a speech coding apparatus for predictively coding and compressing a speech signal.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a method of predictive encoding of a speech signal,
In the prior application (Japanese Patent Application No. 9-289159), the present inventor has applied a plurality of predictors having different characteristics to an original digital audio signal of one channel (channel) from a past signal in the time domain to a current signal. A method of calculating a plurality of linear prediction values, calculating a prediction residual for each predictor from the original digital audio signal and the plurality of linear prediction values, and selecting a minimum value of the plurality of prediction residuals; I have.

[0003]

However, in the above method, the original digital audio signal has a sampling frequency = 96.
In the case of kHz and the number of quantization bits = about 20 bits, a certain compression effect can be obtained.
Audio discs use twice this sampling frequency (= 192 kHz), and the number of quantization bits tends to use 24 bits. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the compression ratio. Further, in recent DVD audio disks, multi-channels are used, and the number of channels is up to six, so that it is necessary to improve the compression ratio.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a speech coding apparatus capable of improving a compression ratio when predicting and coding a speech signal.

[0005]

The present invention comprises the following means to achieve the above object. That is,

[0006] 3 or more multi-channel at least selected first and second of the two channels two correlation <br/> channels in correlation with each other a sound <br/> voice signal by matrix operation in the speech signal Channel correlation means for converting the audio signal including the two correlated channels converted by the channel correlation means into a plurality of channels having different characteristics while obtaining a leading sample value in response to an input audio signal for each channel. Line
Shape of past to present signal in time domain by shape prediction method
Each predicted value is predicted and its predicted linear predicted value
And the prediction residual obtained from the audio signal is minimized .
And predictive coding means for predictive coding by selecting a linear prediction method UNA, and header information, the compressed PCM access unit
And the user data that contains
In each of the channels selected by the predictive encoding means,
Includes linear prediction method, prediction residuals, and predetermined first sample value
The prediction coded data is stored in the compressed PCM access unit.
And a formatting means for storing in a sub-packet arranged in the audio encoding apparatus.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of a speech coding apparatus according to the present invention and a speech decoding apparatus corresponding thereto, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the encoder of FIG. 1 in detail, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a format of one frame to be multiplexed, and FIG.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a format of a VD pack, and FIG.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the format of the audio pack D. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the decoder of FIG. 1 in detail.

The channel correlation circuit A shown in FIG. 1 has an addition circuit 1a and a subtraction circuit 1b. In the addition circuit 1a, each channel (hereinafter, ch) has, for example, a sampling frequency = 192 k
Calculates the sum signal (L + R) of the stereo 2ch signals L and R with the frequency and the number of quantization bits = 24 bits and outputs the sum signal to the 1ch lossless encoder 2D1 for the sum channel, and the subtraction circuit 1b calculates the difference signal (LR). The calculated value is output to the 1ch lossless encoder 2D2 for the difference channel. As shown in detail in FIG. 2, the encoders 2D1 and 2D2 predictively encode differences Δ (L + R) and Δ (LR) of the sum signal (L + R) and the difference signal (LR), respectively, and Transmitted via.

On the decoding side, the decoders 3D1 and 3D2 decode the prediction coded data of each channel into a sum signal (L + R) and a difference signal (LR), respectively, as shown in detail in FIG. Circuit B outputs the sum signal (L +
R) and the difference signal (LR) are restored to stereo 2-ch signals L and R.

Referring to FIG. 2, encoders 2D1, 2D2
Will be described in detail. The sum signal (L + R) and the difference signal (LR) are stored in one frame buffer 10 for each frame. Then, each sample value (L +
R) and (LR) are the difference calculation circuits 11D1, 1D1,
1D2, the difference Δ (L + R), Δ
(LR), that is, differential PCM (DPCM) data is calculated. Also, the first sample value (L +
R) and (LR) are applied to the multiplexer 19.

The difference Δ (L + R) calculated by the difference calculation circuit 11D1 is calculated by a plurality of predictors 12 having different prediction coefficients.
a-1 to 12a-n and subtracters 13a-1 to 13a-n. Then, the predictors 12a-1 to 12a-n calculate the respective predicted values of the difference Δ (L + R) based on the respective prediction coefficients, and the subtractors 13a-1 to 13b-n calculate the respective predicted values and the difference Δ Each prediction residual of (L + R) is calculated. The buffer / selector 16D1 temporarily stores the plurality of prediction residuals, selects the minimum prediction residual for each subframe specified by the selection signal generator 17, and outputs the selected prediction residual to the packing circuit 18. Note that this subframe has a sample length of about one-tenth of a frame, and one frame is, for example, 80 subframes. here,
Predictors 12a-1 to 12a-n and subtracters 13a-1 to 13a-1
3a-n constitute a prediction circuit 15D1 for the sum signal ch, and the prediction circuit 15D1 and the buffer / selector 16D1
Constitutes a predictive encoding circuit for the sum signal ch.

Similarly, the difference Δ (LR) calculated by the difference calculation circuit 11D2 is calculated by using a plurality of predictors 12b-1 to 12b-n and subtracters 13b-1 to 13b-13 having different prediction coefficients.
b-n. Then, the predictors 12b-1 to 12b-12
bn, the difference Δ (L−
R) are calculated, and the subtractors 13b-1 to 13b
In −n, each prediction residual of the difference Δ (LR) from each of the prediction values is calculated. The buffer / selector 16D2 temporarily stores the plurality of prediction residuals, and
The minimum prediction residual is selected for each sub-frame specified by, and is output to the packing circuit 18. Predictor 12b-
1 to 12b-n and the subtractors 13b-1 to 13b-n form a prediction circuit 15D2 for the difference signal ch, and the prediction circuit 15D2 and the buffer / selector 16D2 form a prediction encoding circuit for the difference signal ch. are doing.

The selection signal generator 17 applies a bit number flag (5 bits) of the prediction residual to the packing circuit 18 and the multiplexer 19, and a predictor selection flag (predictor) indicating the predictor having the minimum prediction residual. The number n is 2 to 9 and 3 bits) are applied to the multiplexer 19. The packing circuit 18 includes buffer / selectors 16D1, 16D
The prediction residual for 2 ch selected by 2 is packed with the specified number of bits based on the bit number flag specified by the selection signal generator 17.

As shown in FIG. 3, the following multiplexer 19 outputs a frame header (40 bits), a first sample value (25 bits) of one frame of the sum signal ch (L + R) for one frame, A head sample value (25 bits) of one frame of the signal ch (LR); a predictor selection flag (3 bits × 80) for each subframe of the sum signal ch (L + R); a difference signal ch (L) −R) a predictor selection flag (3 bits × 80) for each subframe; a sum signal ch (L + R) a bit number flag for each subframe (5 bits × 80); a difference signal ch (L− R) the number-of-bits flag (5 bits × 80) for each sub-frame; a prediction residual data sequence (variable number of bits) of the sum signal ch (L + R); and a prediction residual of the difference signal ch (LR). Difference data string (variable bit ) And multiplexed as an access unit, output as a variable rate bit stream. The prediction residual data sequence forms a subpacket. According to such predictive coding, the original signal is, for example, sampling frequency = 192.
In the case of kHz, the number of quantization bits = 24 bits, and two channels, a compression ratio of 59% can be realized.

When recording the variable rate bit stream data on a DVD audio disk,
It is packed in the audio (A) pack of the compressed PCM shown in FIG. This pack has 4 bytes of pack start information for 2034 bytes of user data (A packet and V packet) and 6 bytes of SCR (System Clock).
Reference: system time reference value, 3-byte Mux rate (rate) information, and 1-byte stuffing for a total of 14-byte pack header (1 pack = 2048 bytes in total). In this case, the time of the A pack in the same title can be managed by setting the SCR information as the time stamp to be “1” in the first pack in the ACB unit so as to be continuous in the same title.

As shown in detail in FIG. 5, the A packet of the compressed PCM is composed of a packet header of 17, 9, or 14 bytes, a private header, and audio compressed PCM data of 1 to 2015 bytes in the format shown in FIG. ing. The private header of the compressed PCM is: 1-byte substream ID, 2 bytes of UPC / EAN-ISRC (Universal Prism).
oduct Code / European Article Number-International S
tandard Recording Code) number and UPC / EAN-
ISRC data, 1-byte private header length, 2-byte first access unit pointer, 4 bytes of audio data information (ADI), and 0 to 7 bytes of stuffing bytes. ing. Thus, the AD of the A packet of the compressed PCM
I is chosen to be 4 bytes and is the normal uncompressed PCM A
It is shorter by 4 bytes than the ADI of the packet.
Therefore, the audio data can be increased by 4 bytes.

Next, referring to FIG. 6, decoders 3D1, 3D
2 will be described. The variable rate bit stream data of the format shown in FIG.
1 based on the frame header. Then, the leading sample values of one frame of the sum signal ch (L + R) and the difference signal ch (LR) are respectively calculated by the accumulation operation circuit 2.
5a and 25b, the predictor selection flags of the sum signal ch (L + R) and the difference signal ch (LR) are set to predictors (24a-1 to 24a-n) and (24b-1 to 24b, respectively).
−n), and the sum signal ch (L +
R) and the bit number flag of the difference signal ch (LR) and the prediction residual data string are applied to the unpacking circuit 22.
Here, the predictors (24a-1 to 24a-n), (24b
-1 to 24b-n) are predictors (1) on the encoding side, respectively.
2a-1 to 12a-n), (12b-1 to 12b-n)
And the same characteristic is selected by the predictor selection flag.

The unpacking circuit 22 outputs a sum signal ch (L
+ R) and the prediction residual data sequence of the difference signal ch (LR) are separated based on the bit number flags and output to the adders 23a and 23b, respectively. The adder circuits 23a and 23b respectively add the sum signal ch from the unpacking circuit 22.
(L + R) and the current prediction residual data of the difference signal ch (LR), and the predictors (24a-1 to 24a-n), (24
b-1 to 24b-n), the previous predicted value predicted by each one selected by the predictor selection flag is added to calculate the current predicted value. This forecast is
The differences Δ (L + R) and Δ (LR) calculated by the difference circuits 11a and 11b shown in FIG.
M data, predictors (24a-1 to 24a-n),
(24b-1 to 24b-n) and cumulative operation circuits 25a, 2
5b.

The cumulative operation circuits 25a and 25b are respectively
The difference Δ (L +
R) and Δ (LR) are cumulatively added for each sample to output PCM data of a sum signal ch (L + R) and a difference signal ch (LR). The sum signal (L + R) and the difference signal (L−
As for R), as shown in FIG. 1, a 2L signal is calculated by the adding circuit 4a, and a 2R signal is calculated by the subtracting circuit 4b. Then, the 2L signal and the 2R signal are each divided by 1/2 by the dividers 5a and 5b, and the original stereo two-channel signals L and R are restored.

Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In the above embodiment, the sum signal (L +
R), each difference Δ (L + R), Δ (L) of the difference signal (LR)
-R), that is, predictive encoding is performed only on the DPCM data. In the second embodiment, the sum signal (L + R), the difference signal (LR), ie, the PCM data, or each difference Δ (L + R), Δ (LR), that is, DPCM data is selectively and predictively encoded.

For this reason, the encoding apparatus shown in FIG.
The sum signal (L + R) and the difference signal (L−
R) for predictive encoding, respectively.
15S and buffer / selectors 16A and 16S are added. The selection signal generator 17 is a buffer / selector 1
6A, the sum signal (L +
R), the difference signal (LR) and the buffer / selector 16D
1, ΔD (L +
R), Δ (LR) based on the minimum value of each prediction residual.
It is determined whether the compression ratio of PCM data or DPCM data is higher, and the higher data is selected. At this time, the PCM / DPCM selection flag (prediction circuit selection flag) is added and multiplexed.

Here, the prediction circuit 15A for the sum signal (L + R) and the prediction circuit 15D1 for the difference Δ (L + R) shown in FIG. 7 have the same configuration, and the prediction circuit 15S for the difference signal (L−R) has the same configuration. When the difference Δ (LR) prediction circuits 15D2 have the same configuration, the decoding apparatus uses the PCM as shown in FIG.
It is not necessary to provide a prediction circuit for both data and DPCM data, and a prediction circuit for one data may be used. Then, based on the prediction circuit selection flag transmitted from the encoding device, the selectors 26a and 26b select the outputs of the accumulator circuits 25a and 25b in the case of DPCM data.
In the case of M data, the outputs of the adders 23a and 23b are selected.

In the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, original signals L and R (PCM data), a sum signal (L + R), a difference signal (LR) (PCM data), and each difference Δ (L
+ R) and one of the three groups Δ (LR) (DPCM data) are selectively predictively encoded.

For this reason, in the encoding device shown in FIG.
In addition to the configuration shown in (1), prediction circuits 15L and 15R for predictively encoding the original signals L and R, and buffers / selectors 16L and 16R are added. Further, the selection signal generator 17 includes the original signals L and R selected by the buffer / selectors 16L and 16R and the buffer / selectors 16A and 16S.
Signal (L + R), difference signal (LR) selected by
And data of a group having a high compression rate based on the minimum values of the prediction residuals of the differences Δ (L + R) and Δ (LR) selected by the buffer / selectors 16D1 and 16D2. At this time, the selection flag (prediction circuit selection flag) is added and multiplexed.

When the three groups of prediction circuits shown in FIG. 9 have the same configuration, the decoding device does not need to provide three groups of prediction circuits as shown in FIG. Is fine. Then, based on the prediction circuit selection flag transmitted from the encoding device, the output of the accumulation operation circuits 25a and 25b is selected in the case of DPCM data, and the addition circuits 23a and 23b in the case of PCM data.
And the channel correlation circuit B selects the original signal L,
Restore R. Further, in the case of the group of the original signals L and R by the selectors 27a and 27b, the addition circuit 23
a, 23b are selected, and in other cases, the output of the channel correlation circuit B is selected.

When the variable-rate bit stream data predicted and coded by the coding side is transmitted through a network, the coding side packetizes the data for transmission as shown in FIG. 11 (step S41). Next, a packet header is added (step S42), and then this packet is sent out onto the network (step S4).
3). On the decoding side, the header is removed as shown in FIG. 12 (step S51), the data is restored (step S52), and the data is stored in a memory and decoding is waited (step S53).

The first embodiment has been described for the case of two channels, but the second embodiment for the case of two or more multi-channels will be described below. FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
3 is configured for four channels by adding the rear two channels SL and SR to the two-channel configuration of FIG. 1, so that the input side has a channel correlation circuit A of the same configuration in addition to the channel correlation circuit A. A circuit A2 is provided. In addition, a channel correlation circuit B2 having a similar configuration is provided on the output side in addition to the channel correlation circuit B. Further, the lossless encoder 2D and the lossless decoder 3D are configured as multi-channel compatible types. Note that the channel correlation circuits A, A2, B, and B2 target L and R and SL and SR, respectively. In addition, lossless
A series of operations in the encoder 2D and the lossless decoder 3D, such as calculation of a difference, calculation of a prediction value, selection of a minimum prediction residual, calculation of a prediction value using the minimum prediction residual, and the like, include:
This is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a third embodiment as a modification of the second embodiment.
4 will be described. FIG. 14 is configured for a total of six channels in which a center channel C and a bass effect channel LFE are further added to the configuration for four channels in FIG. However, center channel C, rear two channels S
The L, SR, and low-frequency sound effect channels LFE are directly related to the lossless encoder 2D without correlation like L and R.
And directly output from the lossless decoder 3D.

Next, a fourth embodiment as a modification of the second and third embodiments will be described with reference to a block diagram of FIG. The channel correlation circuit A-1 shown in FIG.
b. The adder circuit 1a calculates a sum signal (L + R) of the stereo 2ch signals L and R, divides the sum signal (L + R) by 1/2 by a divider 5a, and
The signal is output to the encoder 2D, and the subtraction circuit 1b outputs the difference signal (L−
R), the difference signal (L−R) is divided by に よ り by the divider 5b, and then the lossless encoder 2
Output to D. Lossless encoder 2D is ２
These are multiplexed using (L + R) and 1/2 (LR) to produce a multiplexed signal 250. The multiplexed signal 250 is decoded by the lossless decoder 3D, and
(L + R) and 1/2 (LR) are obtained, and these are given to the addition circuit 4a and the subtraction circuit 4b constituting the channel correlation circuit B-1, respectively, and the stereo 2 is output as an output signal.
The L and R signals of ch are obtained. Note that a series of operations in the lossless encoder 2D and the lossless decoder 3D, such as calculation of a difference, calculation of a prediction value, selection of a minimum prediction residual, and calculation of a prediction value using the minimum prediction residual are performed in the first step.
This is performed in the same manner as in the embodiment. As can be seen from the fourth embodiment, the channel correlation circuits A and A2 in the second and third embodiments are not limited to those that calculate L + R and L−R, but are １ ／ (L + R), 1 / 2 (LR) can be replaced with the one that calculates 2 (LR). In this case, in the channel correlation circuit B-1 on the lossless decoder 3D side, 1 /
The operation of 2 is unnecessary.

The format described above with reference to FIG. 3 is an example, and the format of a signal recorded or transmitted in the signal processing according to the present invention is not limited to this. In the case of a multi-channel, in addition to the L and R signals, the rear two channels SL and SR are also stored in the form of a sum signal (SL + SR) and a difference signal (SL-SR), as shown in FIG. a). Similarly, L, corresponding to FIG.
The R signal is stored in the form of a sum signal and a difference signal. In addition, the center channel C, the rear two channels SL and SR, and the low-frequency effect channel LFE must be in the form of a sum signal or a difference signal. (B in FIG. 16).

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a format when the multi-channel signal as shown in FIG. 16 is converted into a packet of the A-pack user data in FIG. The bit stream BS0 includes a sum signal (L + R) and a difference signal (L−R).
R) is stored, and in the other bit stream BS1, in the case corresponding to FIG. 16A, the sum signal (SL + SR)
If the difference signal (SL−SR) corresponds to b in FIG. 16, the center channel C and the two rear channels SL and S
The R, low frequency effect channel LFE is stored as it is.

FIG. 18 shows an aspect of the compressed PCM (PPCM) audio (A) packet shown in FIG. 5 which is different from FIG. In this different aspect, the audio data area in the audio (A) packet of the compressed PCM (PPCM) is composed of a plurality of PPCM access units as shown in FIG.
It is composed of CM sync information and subpackets.
The subpacket in the first PPCM access unit is:
Directory, bitstream BS0, CRC
, Bit stream BS1, CRC and extra information, and bit streams BS0 and BS1 are composed only of PPCM blocks. Sub-packets in the second and subsequent PPCM access units include a bit stream BS0 except for a directory and a CRC.
, A bit stream BS1, a CRC and extra information, and a bit stream B at the head of the frame.
S0 and BS1 are configured by a restart header and a PPCM block. The frame head sample value is allocated to the PPCM block at the head of the frame.

The PPCM sync information (hereinafter, also referred to as synchronization information) includes the following information. -Number of samples per packet: 40, 80 or 160 is selected according to the sampling frequency fs. -Data rate: "0" in the case of VBR (identifier indicating that the data in the subpacket is compressed data)-Sampling frequency fs and number of quantization bits Qb-Channel allocation information Here, the restart header is a frame. Each channel has information specifying that the channel correlation circuit A is constituted by an addition circuit and a subtraction circuit. These audio data are shown in FIG.
3 and FIG. 14, the original multi-channel audio signal is decoded by a lossless decoder 3D (FIG. 8) having a configuration of the demultiplexer 21 and below. The variable rate bit stream data having the format shown in FIG. 18 indicates whether the channel correlation circuit shown in FIG. 1 or the channel correlation circuit shown in FIG. 15 is used, for example, an identifier stored in the restart header of the PPCM access unit (shown in FIG. 18). ), The decoder can reliably decode any case. Although lossless compression for each frame has been described as an example, the section is not limited to a fixed length but may be a variable length.

[0034]

As described above, according to the present invention, in particular, the two correlation signals calculated by the channel correlation circuit are obtained by obtaining the first sample value in response to the audio signal input for each channel, Lossless compression is performed by the linear prediction method that minimizes the prediction residual among the multiple prediction values of the current signal predicted from the past signal in the time domain. The compression ratio can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of a speech encoding apparatus according to the present invention and a speech decoding apparatus corresponding thereto.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the encoder of FIG. 1 in detail.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a format of one frame multiplexed by the multiplexer of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a format of a DVD pack.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a format of a DVD audio pack.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating the decoder of FIG. 1 in detail;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating an encoder according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a decoder according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating an encoder according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a decoder according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a voice transmission method.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a voice transmission method.

FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of the speech encoding apparatus according to the present invention and a speech decoding apparatus corresponding thereto.

FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a third embodiment of the speech encoding apparatus according to the present invention and a speech decoding apparatus corresponding thereto.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the speech encoding apparatus according to the present invention and a speech decoding apparatus corresponding thereto.

FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of a format of a multi-channel signal recorded or transmitted in signal processing according to the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a format when a multi-channel signal is used as a packet of user data of the A-pack in FIG. 4;

18 is an explanatory diagram showing a format of an audio (A) packet of the compressed PCM (PPCM) shown in FIG. 5 which is different from that shown in FIG. 3;

[Explanation of symbols]

1a, 4a Addition circuit (addition means) 1b, 4b Subtraction circuit (subtraction means) 5a, 5b Divider 11D1 Difference calculation circuit (first difference calculation means) 11D2 Difference calculation circuit (second difference calculation means) 12a-1 -12a-n predictor (subtractors 13a-1
13a-n and the buffer / selector 16D1 constitute a first predictive encoding means. ) 12b-1 to 12b-n predictors (subtractors 13b-1 to 13b-1)
13b-n and the buffer / selector 16D2 constitute a second predictive encoding means. 13a-1 to 13a-n, 13b-1 to 13b-n Subtractors 16D1, 16D2, 16A, 16S, 16L, 16R
Buffer / selector 15A Prediction circuit (third with buffer / selector 16A)
Of predictive encoding means. ) 15S prediction circuit (4th with buffer / selector 16S)
Of predictive encoding means. ) 15L prediction circuit (fifth with buffer / selector 16L)
Of predictive encoding means. 15R prediction circuit (constitutes sixth predictive encoding means with buffer / selector 16R)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-64-44499 (JP, A) JP-A-6-133252 (JP, A) JP-A-7-143596 (JP, A) JP-A-9-99 139937 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G10L 19/00-19/14 G11B 20/10-20/12 H03M 7/30-7/40 H04B 14/04

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An audio signal of at least selected first and second two channels among three or more multi-channel audio signals is matrix-operated to obtain two correlations which are correlated with each other. > a channel correlation means for converting the channel, two correlation tea converted by the channel correlation means
In response to the input audio signal for each channel, the audio signal containing the channel obtains the first sample value and has different characteristics.
Time domain past to present with multiple linear prediction methods
Of each signal is predicted, and
Predictive encoding means for selecting and predictively encoding a linear prediction method that minimizes a prediction residual obtained from the linear prediction value and the audio signal ; header information;
Data structure including the user data including the storage unit
And each selected by the predictive encoding means.
Linear prediction method of channel, prediction residual and predetermined head sample
The prediction encoded data including the
And a formatting means for storing the data in a subpacket arranged in the storage unit.