JP3340012B2 - Storage battery capacity judgment and charge management system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a storage battery capacity determination and charge management system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A DC power supply for a communication device is required to have a high reliability to supply power stably and continuously. Therefore, a power supply from a commercial AC power supply and a backup storage battery are configured in parallel. In addition, it is prepared in case of a commercial AC power failure.
The performance and capacity of this backup storage battery must be checked at all times to achieve high reliability. An application for this purpose, which has already been filed, is "Method for Testing Discharge Capacity of Assembled Battery" described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-43438. According to the present invention, a secondary battery cell row composed of one secondary battery cell or a secondary battery cell row composed of a plurality of secondary battery cells connected in series to each other,
A battery pack is formed by connecting a plurality of batteries in parallel, and the power stored in the battery pack is used to provide one or more secondary battery cell rows redundantly in a power failure backup power supply that guarantees the continuity of the power supply. After a battery pack is constructed and this battery pack is charged, a redundant number of secondary battery cell rows in the battery pack are selected, and the amount of discharge power when the selected secondary battery cell row is discharged is measured. The present invention provides a method for testing the discharge capacity of a battery pack, wherein the power capacity of a secondary battery cell row is obtained by performing the above operation. After this test method, the discharged secondary battery cell row is recharged, and a test of the entire assembled battery is performed by sequentially performing a series of operations of the discharge test and the recharging on the other secondary battery cell rows. Are also described.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a more concrete system of this method, performs accurate detection and arithmetic control, and automates the method to correspond to the type of storage battery and its respective charging and discharging characteristics. It is an object to obtain a storage battery capacity determination and charge management system that can enhance the reliability of a power supply device.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve this problem, the following means are proposed as first means. That is, the storage battery unit is configured by being connected in parallel with one secondary battery cell or a plurality of secondary battery cell rows composed of a plurality of secondary battery cells connected in series with each other in a redundant manner. Then, after charging the storage battery unit, a redundant secondary battery cell row in the storage battery unit is selected, and the amount of discharge power when the selected secondary battery cell row is discharged is measured. After calculating the retained electric energy of the battery cell row and recharging the discharged secondary battery cell row, discharging and discharging are performed for each of the secondary battery cell rows other than the secondary battery cell row for which the retained electric power quantity is determined. By sequentially executing a series of operations of the measurement and recharging of the electric energy, in the storage battery capacity determination and charge management system for performing the discharge capacity test of the storage battery unit,
A power supply unit; a discharge control unit; a charge control unit connected between the power supply unit and the storage battery unit, the charge control unit having a number corresponding to the total number of the secondary battery cell rows, A constant current control circuit including an operational amplifier and a first reference voltage source, a voltage detection unit, a constant voltage control circuit including a second operational amplifier and a second reference voltage source, and a constant current / constant voltage mode switching unit; Charge control means comprising: charge / discharge switching means; and a microcomputer, which receives and calculates signals from current detection means and voltage detection means of the charge control means,
At the time of charge control, a control signal of the constant voltage / constant current mode switching means, a control signal of the charge / discharge switching means, and a charge level control signal are sent to the charge control means,
A microcomputer which sends a control signal of the charge / discharge switching means and a control signal of a discharge level to the discharge control means at the time of discharge control, and outputs a storage battery deterioration signal when the result of capacity judgment of the secondary battery cell row is negative; And; a storage battery capacity determination and charge management system comprising: It should be noted that “storage battery” and “secondary battery cell row” described in this specification are synonymous.

In order to solve this problem, as a second means, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a discharge, a measurement of a discharge power amount, and a recharge to a spare secondary battery cell row in the storage battery unit are performed. The microcomputer has a function of performing a capacity determination, and continuously repeating the operation of sequentially replacing the spare target secondary battery cell row and determining the capacity of all the secondary battery cell rows at predetermined regular intervals. A capacity determination and charge management system for a storage battery, comprising: Suggest.

In order to solve this problem, as a third means, in the invention according to claim 1 or claim 2, current detecting means, instead of the constant current control circuit and the constant voltage control circuit, A constant current control circuit comprising first amplifying means for amplifying the signal of the means, an operational amplifier, and a reference voltage source from the microcomputer; and sharing the operational amplifier and a reference voltage source from the microcomputer. A constant voltage control circuit comprising: voltage detecting means; and second amplifying means for amplifying a signal of the voltage detecting means;
And by selecting an amplification factor of the first amplification device and an amplification factor of the second amplification device, the operation can be performed by one operational amplifier even when the constant current / constant voltage mode is switched. The present invention proposes a storage battery capacity determination and charge management system that is characterized in that the storage capacity is determined.

In order to solve this problem, as a fourth means, in the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the storage battery unit is provided with a type for identifying the type of the secondary battery constituting the storage battery unit. With terminals
The present invention proposes a storage battery capacity determination and charge management system that transmits and receives a type identification signal corresponding to this type identification terminal to and from a microcomputer.

[0008]

FIG. 1 is an embodiment of a storage battery capacity determination and charge management system according to the present invention. In the figure, first, a power supply device 1 for receiving a commercial AC and generating a DC output is provided. The power supply device 1 charges a storage battery unit 3 including a plurality of storage batteries 301 via a plurality of charge control circuits 2.
DC power is supplied from these plurality of storage batteries 301 to loads (not shown) via the diodes 4 respectively.

The plurality of storage batteries 30 in the storage battery unit 3
Regarding the number of 1, the spare number is added to the required number corresponding to the load current. In the case of the nickel cadmium storage battery of this embodiment, a spare 1
With individual. In the case of a lead storage battery, one spare is provided for the required number of four batteries. These spare batteries are subject to capacity determination, and the remaining batteries are prepared to be able to constantly supply the power required for the load. Then, the capacity determination and the power supply are simultaneously and smoothly operated by cyclically changing the target of the spare storage battery. Although one spare battery is appropriate, the present invention can be implemented even if a plurality of spare batteries are provided. Also, the number of parallel storage batteries is not limited to the number in this embodiment, and an arbitrary number of parallel storage batteries can be selected.

The positive input terminal 217 of the charge control circuit 2 is connected to the collector of the transistor 201, and the emitter is connected to the terminal b of the relay 205 via the current detector 203.
The terminal c of the relay 205 is connected to the + output terminal 229 of the charging control circuit. The -input terminal 226 is a common line inside the circuit, and is connected to the -output terminal 233. The coil of the relay 205 is connected to a terminal 227, and control for charging / discharging is performed by a signal from the microcomputer 5. The transistor 201 has two charging modes: constant current control and constant voltage control.

To explain the constant current control, the current signal detected by the current detector 203 is amplified by the operational amplifier 209 at a predetermined rate. This current signal is sent to terminal 221 and
It is connected to the minus input of the operational amplifier 207 via the terminals b and c of the charging mode switching relay 215. The + input terminal of the operational amplifier 207 is supplied from the microcomputer 5 via a terminal 219, and constant current control according to the level is performed.

[0012] For constant voltage control, a voltage detector
The voltage signal detected by 213 is amplified by an operational amplifier 211 at a predetermined rate. This voltage signal is sent to a terminal 223 and is connected to a negative input of an operational amplifier 207 via terminals e and d of a relay 215 for switching a charging mode. This operational amplifier 207
Is supplied from the microcomputer 5 via a terminal 219, and a constant voltage control corresponding to the level is performed.

In the above-described constant current control and constant voltage control, the operational amplifiers 209 and 21 amplify the respective detection signals.
By selecting an amplification factor of 1, control can be performed at the same level in any control mode. This is economical because a single common D / A converter is sufficient for the transmission signal from the microcomputer 5.

The storage battery unit 3 includes a plurality of storage batteries 301 as described above. Regarding the type of storage battery, even when the lead storage battery and the nickel cadmium storage battery are exchanged,
Identification terminals 311, 312, and 313 are provided for controlling so as to cope with the difference in the characteristics of the storage batteries. In the case of a lead storage battery, terminals 311 and 312 are short-circuited. In the case of a nickel cadmium storage battery, terminals 312 and 313 are short-circuited. This short-circuit situation is indicated by the microcomputer 5
And attempts to perform control suitable for each case.

Next, the discharge control circuit 6 and the discharge mode of the storage battery will be described. Relay inside charge control circuit 2
When contact c of 205 becomes conductive with contact a,
The terminal (+) conducts to the terminal 615 of the discharge control circuit 6 via the terminals 229 and 231 of the charge control circuit 2. A resistor 611 and a transistor 609 are connected between terminals 615 and 617 of the discharge control circuit 6.
And a resistor 607 are connected in series. The resistor 611 serves as a load for flowing a discharge current, and the resistor 607 serves as a current detector. The output terminal of the operational amplifier 601 is connected to the base of the transistor 609, and the + input terminal of the operational amplifier 601 is connected to the terminal 613 to receive a signal from the microcomputer 5.

The operations of the charge control circuit 2 and the discharge control circuit 6 are controlled by the microcomputer 5.
Its main function is to fully charge each storage battery 301. The current is discharged from one of the storage batteries 301, and the voltage when a predetermined amount is discharged is measured to determine the capacity. If it is good, recharge it. The above operation is repeated by replacing the target storage battery, and the determination and recharging are repeated. The battery is charged while confirming and measuring the capacity of the storage battery. Further, these operations (1) to (4) are repeated at regular intervals for a long period of time, and the capacity judgment and charging of all the constituent storage batteries are repeated.

The configuration of the microcomputer 5 is a CPU
501, input port 503, A / D converter 505, etc. and D
/ A converter 513,515 and output port 517 etc.
The microcomputer 5 receives a detection signal and the like from the charge control circuit 2 and the storage battery unit 3, performs an arithmetic process on the microcomputer 5, and provides an output signal thereof to the charge control circuit 2 and the discharge control circuit 6. In addition, when the capacity of each storage battery 301 constituting the storage battery unit 3 is determined and the deterioration is found, the deterioration is displayed on the deterioration indicator 7.

Regarding the identification signal from the storage battery unit 3, one of the terminals 311, 312, 313 which is short-circuited is connected to the terminal 527 of the microcomputer 5, connected to the CPU 501 via the input port 503, and connected to the CPU 501. The storage battery type is identified by the CPU 501.

Regarding the signal input from the charge control circuit 2, first, a current detection signal is extracted from the terminal 221 and sent to the terminal 529 of the microcomputer 5, and the A / D converter
505 is connected to CPU501. The voltage detection signal is connected to terminal 22
3 Pull out from terminal 3 and send it to terminal 531.
7, and is connected to the CPU 501. Hereinafter, the same applies to signals from other charge control circuits 2.

Next, an output signal of the microcomputer 5 will be described. The command signal of the charge level is
1 is connected to a terminal 219 of the charge control circuit 2 via a D / A converter 513 and a terminal 537. The command signal of the charging mode is connected from the CPU 501 to the terminal 225 of the charging control circuit 2 through the output port 517 and the terminal 541, and is connected to the relay 215.
Drive coil RY2. The charge / discharge command signal is connected from the CPU 501 to the terminal 227 of the charge control circuit 2 via the output port 519 and the terminal 543, and drives the coil RY1 of the relay 205. The command signal of the discharge level is
From 1 through D / A converter 515 and terminal 539, it is connected to terminal 613 of discharge control circuit 6 and sent to the + input terminal of operational amplifier 601. Regarding the deterioration judgment signal of the storage battery, C
It is connected to the deterioration indicator 7 from the PU 501 via the output port 525 and the terminal 549.

Next, the operation of the storage battery capacity determination and charge management system will be described in detail with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, in step S1, it is determined whether the type of storage battery constituting the storage battery unit is a nickel cadmium storage battery or a lead storage battery, and the control operation is branched. If the battery is a nickel cadmium storage battery, the process proceeds to step S2.

In step S2, it is determined whether or not the storage battery is initially charged. If the determination is negative N, the process jumps to step S6, and if the determination is affirmative Y, the process advances to step S3. Step S
At 3, the signal for charging the first storage battery at a rate of 0.03C is issued. Then, in step S4, t1 (several tens of hours) is continued. This charging operation is performed by sequentially switching from the first to the sixth. Then, after determining that all the storage batteries of the storage battery unit 3 have been charged in step S5,
The process proceeds to step S6 and step S14.

In step S6, a signal for discharging the first storage battery at a rate of 0.1 C is issued. In step 7, the discharge for t2 is continued for a predetermined time. Thereafter, in step S8, the terminal voltage of the storage battery is measured, and the capacity is determined based on whether or not the predetermined voltage is maintained. If the determination is N, deterioration display is performed in step S9, and if the determination is Y, the process proceeds to step S10. In step S10, since the memory effect is remarkable in the nickel cadmium storage battery, the battery is completely discharged to eliminate the memory effect. It is determined in step S11 that the terminal voltage has become lower than the specified value due to the complete discharge, and in the next step S11
Proceed to 12. In step S12, the operation is suspended for about 10 minutes until the chemical action in the storage battery is stabilized.
Then again emits a signal to charge at a rate of 0.03C. Then, in step S14, charging is continued for t3 (about several tens of hours), and in step S15, the first storage battery is set to a state where the capacity determination is passed and the charging is completed. Steps S6 to S15
In the meantime, for the other storage batteries after the second, a signal for charging at a time rate of 0.03C is issued in step S16.
Here, the operations of Steps S6 to S16 are performed by sequentially changing the corresponding numbers of the storage batteries, and the capacity determination and the charging are performed in parallel. The operations in steps S6 to S16 can be better understood by referring to the time chart shown in FIG.

Next, in steps S18 to S19, all the storage batteries are charged during the time t4 in units of months, and the process ends. Returning from the state of the end B to the start A again, the above steps are repeated.

The case where it is determined in step S1 that the storage battery type is a lead storage battery will be described below. At this time, the first storage battery is charged at a constant current in step S20, and when a predetermined voltage value v per unit cell is reached, step S20 is performed.
At 21, the process proceeds to the next step S22. Here, the predetermined voltage value v per unit cell is a voltage value represented by the equation (1) in paragraph 0026, and this value is a function of the temperature, and is determined by a signal from a temperature detector (not shown). A function is created. The reason for performing the temperature correction in this manner is to prevent the lead storage battery from having a characteristic that is likely to cause thermal runaway, so that it is prevented.

V = 2.275V−3.3mV × (t−25) ° C.
(1)

In step S22, a command signal for constant voltage charging is issued, and in step S23, a predetermined time t5 (several hours to several tens of hours) is continued. This operation from step S20 to step S23 is performed for all the storage batteries, and the process proceeds to step S25 in step S24.

In step S25, the first storage battery is discharged at a rate of 0.1 C. In step 26, the discharge for t6 is continued for a predetermined time. Thereafter, in step S27, the terminal voltage of the storage battery is measured, and the capacity is determined based on whether or not the predetermined voltage is maintained. If the determination is N, deterioration is displayed in step S28, and if the determination is Y, the process proceeds to step S29. In step S29
The operation is paused for about 10 minutes, and 0.03C is returned again in step S30.
It emits a signal to charge at a time rate of Next, at step S31, when the terminal voltage of the storage battery is measured and reaches a predetermined voltage value v, the process proceeds to the next step S32. In step S32, a command signal for constant voltage charging is issued, and in step S33, a predetermined time t7 is set.
Continue charging (about several tens of hours). This completes the recharge of the first storage battery when the capacity measurement is passed (step S34).
During the period from step S25 to step S34, the other storage batteries from the second onward are set to 0.01 C at step S35.
It emits a signal to charge at a time rate of

Here, after the corresponding numbers of the storage batteries are sequentially changed, the operations of steps S25 to S35 are performed in parallel with the capacity determination and the charging, and the operation is completed up to the fifth step, and step S36 is performed. Next, in steps S37 to S38, all the storage batteries are charged during the time lapse t8 on a monthly basis, and the process ends. From the state of the end C, the process returns to the start A again, and the above steps are repeated.

In the case of a lead-acid battery, the memory effect is not a problem, and the step for that is omitted.

In the above-described embodiment, as the internal configuration of the microcomputer, one including many circuits in one chip can be used. For the relay, electronic switching means can be used. As for semiconductor components, not only bipolar transistors but also FETs and IGBTs can be used. As for the polarity of each part, the N-type and the P-type can be switched as required.

The time settings and the values of the charging rates in the respective steps described in the above-described embodiments are merely examples, and can be freely set to appropriate values according to the type and capacity of the target storage battery.

[0033]

The present invention has the above-described features, and in a device including a storage battery configured by connecting a plurality of storage batteries in parallel, it performs accurate detection and arithmetic control to determine the type of storage battery. And the charging and discharging characteristics of each battery can be automated so that the capacity of the storage battery can be reliably determined and charged while supplying power to the load, thereby improving the reliability.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of a storage battery capacity determination and charge management system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a flowchart of an embodiment of a storage battery capacity determination and charge management system according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partial diagram showing a time chart of an embodiment of the storage battery capacity determination and charge management system according to the present invention.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kazuhiko Takeno 3-19-2 Nishi Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (72) Inventor Tohru Suzuki 3-19 Nishi Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo No. 2 Within Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (56) References JP-A-7-43438 (JP, A) JP-A-6-30528 (JP, A) JP-A-3-15232 (JP, A) JP-A Sho 63-107426 (JP, A) JP-A-7-264769 (JP, A) JP-A-57-211945 (JP, A) JP-A-6-253460 (JP, A) JP-A 64-12826 (JP, A A) JP-A-4-75434 (JP, A) JP-A-5-172914 (JP, A) JP-A-7-308029 (JP, A) JP-A-6-343202 (JP, A) (58) Survey Field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H02J ^7/ 00-7/10 H01M 10/48 G01R 31/36 H02J 9/00

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A storage battery which is connected in parallel with one secondary battery cell or a plurality of secondary battery cell rows composed of a plurality of secondary battery cells connected in series with each other in a redundant manner. A unit is configured, and after charging the storage battery unit, a redundant secondary battery cell row in the storage battery unit is selected.
By measuring the amount of discharge power when the secondary battery cell row is discharged, the retained power amount of this secondary battery cell row is obtained,
After recharging the discharged secondary battery cell row, for each of the secondary battery cell rows other than the secondary battery cell row from which the retained power amount was obtained, the discharging, the measurement of the discharged power amount, and the recharging are performed. In a storage battery capacity determination and charge management system for performing a discharge capacity test of a storage battery unit by sequentially executing a series of charging operations, a power supply unit; discharge control means; Connected to
A charge control unit having a number corresponding to the total number of the secondary battery cell rows, comprising a current detection unit, a first operational amplifier, and a first operation amplifier.
A constant current control circuit comprising a reference voltage source, a constant voltage control circuit comprising a voltage detecting means, a second operational amplifier, and a second reference voltage source; a constant current / constant voltage mode switching means; Charge control means comprising: means for receiving and calculating signals from the current detection means and the voltage detection means of the charge control means, and providing the charge control means with the charge control means during charge control. A control signal of the constant voltage / constant current mode switching means, a control signal of the charge / discharge switching means, and a control signal of the charge level are sent out, and the control signal of the charge / discharge switching means is transmitted to the discharge control means during the discharge control. A microcomputer for transmitting a control signal of a discharge level and outputting a storage battery deterioration signal when the capacity determination result of the secondary battery cell row is negative. Battery capacity determination and charging management system of. 2. The storage battery capacity determination and charge management system according to claim 1, wherein the secondary battery cell array in the storage battery unit is discharged, measured for discharge electric energy, and recharged. The function of performing the capacity determination, and then continuously replacing the spare target secondary battery cell row to determine the capacity of all the secondary battery cell rows automatically at predetermined fixed intervals, is a function of automatically repeating the above operation. A storage battery capacity determination and charge management system provided in a microcomputer. 3. The storage battery capacity determination and charge management system according to claim 1, wherein said constant current control circuit and said constant voltage control circuit are replaced by current detection means, and said current detection means. The first to amplify the signal
A constant current control circuit comprising: amplifying means, an operational amplifier, and a reference voltage source from the microcomputer; and a voltage detecting means sharing the operational amplifier and the reference voltage source from the microcomputer. A constant voltage control circuit comprising: a second amplifying means for amplifying a signal of the voltage detecting means; and selecting an amplification factor of the first amplifying device and an amplification factor of the second amplifying device. Thus, even when the constant current / constant voltage mode is switched, the operation is performed by one operational amplifier, and the storage battery capacity determination and charge management system is characterized in that it is operated. 4. The storage battery capacity determination and charge management system according to claim 1, wherein said storage battery unit is constituted by said storage battery unit.
A battery capacity determination and charge management system comprising a terminal for identifying the type of a next battery and transmitting and receiving a type identification signal corresponding to the terminal for identifying the type to and from the microcomputer.