JP3275337B2 - X-ray fluoroscope - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus for irradiating a subject with X-rays to perform fluoroscopy and radiography, and in particular, to set an X-ray irradiation field during fluoroscopy and radiography. About technology.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus is operated by operating a radiographic operation switch, a fluoroscopic operation switch, a film size selection switch, a receiver size selection switch and the like provided on a console. A controller for an X-ray movable diaphragm for adjusting an irradiation field, a controller for an X-ray tube, a controller for an X-ray rapid radiographing apparatus, and the like are operated. The operation of each controller corresponding to each switch operation is described below in accordance with the procedure of fluoroscopy and imaging.

(1) First, by operating a receiver size selection switch, a movable aperture controller operates to adjust a movable aperture for X-rays and set an X-ray irradiation field according to the input surface size of the X-ray receiver. I do. (2) The operation of the film size selection switch activates the control of the rapid photography apparatus, and the selected unphotographed X-ray film is loaded on the film carriage. At this time, the operation signal of the film size selection switch is also input to the movable aperture controller.
The driving of the movable diaphragm for X-ray is not controlled, and the X-ray irradiation field remains set according to the input surface size of the X-ray receiver. (3) In this state, when the fluoroscopic operation switch is operated, X
The X-ray controller operates to generate a relatively small dose of X-ray for fluoroscopy
The subject is irradiated from the tube and X-ray fluoroscopy of the subject is performed.

(4) The surgeon monitors the fluoroscopic image of the subject, confirms the imaging site, and measures the timing of X-ray imaging. And
Operate the shooting operation switch. Then, the movable diaphragm controller sets an X-ray irradiation field corresponding to the X-ray film size selected by the film size selection switch earlier. At the same time, the controller of the rapid photography apparatus conveys the film carriage to the imaging position, and the X-ray controller emits a relatively large amount of X-rays for imaging from the X-ray tube. X
When the X-ray exposure ends, an end signal is output from the X-ray controller to the movable diaphragm controller, and in response to this, the movable diaphragm controller
An X-ray irradiation field is set according to the input surface size of the X-ray receiver selected by the receiver size selection switch. Subsequently, when the imaging operation switch is operated, an X-ray irradiation field is set according to the size of the X-ray film selected by the film size selector, and the fluoroscopy and imaging are continuously performed.

[0005] As described above, in an X-ray fluoroscopy apparatus that includes an X-ray radiography apparatus and continuously performs fluoroscopy and radiography, the above-described procedure is predetermined. Focusing on the function of the movable aperture controller, when the film size selection switch is operated in (2), the drive control of the X-ray movable aperture is not performed, and the operation switch for fluoroscopy is operated in (3). Then, when the shooting operation switch is operated in (4), X
The X-ray irradiation field is set according to the size of the X-ray film. This is because the above-described fluoroscopy and imaging are continuously performed, and the movable aperture controller is configured as a sequence control circuit that follows the procedure.

That is, the movable diaphragm controller outputs a control signal for setting an X-ray irradiation field at the time of radiographing according to the X-ray film size based on the operation of the film size selection switch. A receiver size selection circuit that outputs a control signal for setting an X-ray irradiation field during fluoroscopy according to the input surface size of the X-ray receiver based on the operation of the receiver size selection switch; And a relay circuit for switching the connection between the selection circuit and the movable diaphragm control circuit for driving and controlling the movable diaphragm for X-rays in accordance with the above procedure, and the operation switch for imaging is operated after the operation switch for fluoroscopy is operated. Only when this is done, the film size selection circuit and the movable aperture control circuit are connected.

[0007]

At the site where diagnosis or examination is performed, there is a demand to perform only X-ray imaging using an X-ray fluoroscope which continuously performs fluoroscopy and imaging as described above. The necessity of X-ray fluoroscopy occurs only when the state of the inside of the subject is checked and imaging is performed, for example, in the case of measuring the timing of imaging while monitoring the state of barium in X-ray imaging of the stomach, In other situations, for example, in the case of performing X-ray imaging of the chest or fracture site, it is not particularly necessary.

[0008] However, the movable diaphragm controller in the conventional X-ray fluoroscopic imaging apparatus drives and controls the X-ray movable diaphragm after the imaging operation switch is operated after the fluoroscopic operation switch is operated. Since the X-ray irradiation field is set to the size of the X-ray film, it is not possible to perform only X-ray imaging without X-ray fluoroscopy. Therefore,
Even in a situation where X-ray fluoroscopy is unnecessary as described above, there is a problem that X-rays for fluoroscopy are irradiated to the subject, and the radiation dose to the subject increases.

In general, the movable diaphragm for X-rays is provided with light irradiation means for displaying the X-ray irradiation field on the subject so that the X-ray irradiation field at the time of imaging can be confirmed in advance. Has become. For this reason, an operation switch is provided which can adjust the X-ray irradiation field by manually stopping down the X-ray movable aperture. However, at least before the operation of the imaging operation switch, the X-ray irradiation field is controlled by the X-ray receiver. Is set to the size of the input surface, and the range for manually adjusting the X-ray irradiation field is naturally limited to the size of the input surface or less.
The X-ray irradiation field of the X-ray film larger than the size of the input surface of the X-ray receiver could not be confirmed in advance. Incidentally, at present, X-ray receivers range in size from 9 × 9 inches to 14 × 14 inches, and X-ray films range in size from 10 × 12 inches to 14 × 17 inches.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus capable of adjusting an X-ray irradiation field to an X-ray film size without undergoing X-ray fluoroscopy. It is intended to provide.

[0011]

The present invention has the following arrangement to achieve the above object. That is, a movable diaphragm for X-rays for setting an X-ray irradiation field, a movable diaphragm control circuit for driving and controlling the movable diaphragm for X-rays, and an X-ray irradiation field for photographing according to the X-ray film size. A film size selection circuit that outputs a control signal for the X-ray receiver, and a receiver size selection circuit that outputs a control signal for setting an X-ray irradiation field during fluoroscopy according to the input surface size of the X-ray receiver,
An irradiation field display means for displaying an X-ray irradiation field set by the X-ray movable diaphragm on a subject; and a fluoroscopic operation switch of the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus and a radiographic operation switch. When both the operation switches are off or when the shooting operation switch is on, the movable aperture control circuit and the film size selection circuit are connected, and when the see-through operation switch is on, the movable A circuit switch for connecting the aperture control circuit and the receiver size selection circuit is provided.

[0012]

The operation of the present invention is as follows. When both the fluoroscopic operation switch and the photographing operation switch are in the off state, the film selection circuit and the movable diaphragm control circuit are connected in the so-called initial state of the apparatus.
The movable diaphragm for X-rays sets an X-ray irradiation field according to the size of the selected X-ray film. At this time, by operating the imaging operation switch, X
X-rays can be taken.

When the operation switch for fluoroscopy is on, the receiver size selection circuit and the movable aperture control circuit are connected, and when the operation switch for photographing is on, the film size selection circuit and the movable aperture control circuit are connected to each other. Is connected, and by operating these operation switches, continuous fluoroscopy and imaging as in the related art can be performed.

[0014]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an external front view of the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus. An X-ray tube 3 that emits X-rays and a couch 4 on which a subject is mounted are mounted on a frame 2 that can rotate and move up and down with respect to a base 1 installed on the floor. An X-ray tube 3 is integrally provided with an X-ray movable diaphragm 5 for setting an X-ray irradiation field, and a bed 4 is provided with an X-ray receiver 6 (generally an X-ray image) for converting transmitted X-rays into a light image. An X-ray television camera 7 for capturing an output light image thereof, and an X-ray rapid photography device 8 for continuous photography.
And are attached.

As shown in FIG. 2, the movable diaphragm 5 for X-rays
A pair of blades 9a and 9b for adjusting the X-ray irradiation field are provided vertically, and a light source 10 for displaying the X-ray irradiation field on a subject (not shown) and a reflection mirror 11 are provided. As shown in the plan view of FIG. 3, the pair of blades 9 (collectively 9a and 9b) are configured to move in parallel on a guide plate 15 by a wire rope 12, a pulley 13, and an electric motor 14, and
a and 9b are arranged so as to translate in directions orthogonal to each other.

A gear 16 attached to the output shaft of the electric motor 14 meshes with a reduction gear 17, and a potentiometer 19 is attached to a rotation shaft 18 of the reduction gear 17. The deceleration gear 17 is set so as to rotate one rotation or less while displacing from the fully closed position in which the pair of blades 9 are in close contact to the fully opened position in which the pair of blades 9 are fully opened. Indicates the fully open position, and the minimum output voltage value indicates the fully closed position.

A movable aperture controller for controlling the movement of the blade 9 using the output voltage value of the potentiometer 19 will be described with reference to the circuit diagram of FIG. In FIG. 4, SWs is an operation switch for photographing, SWt is an operation switch for fluoroscopy, SWf is a plurality of film size selection switches for specifying an X-ray film size, and SWi is a plurality of film size selection switches for specifying an input surface size of a receiver. The receiver size selection switches are provided on a console (not shown) of the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a film size selection circuit, which is composed of a plurality of electromagnetic relays 21 for taking out a voltage divided by each resistance element r connected in series at each stage. These electromagnetic relays 21 correspond to the plurality of film size selection switches SWf on a one-to-one basis. Therefore, the voltage value taken out by each electromagnetic relay 21 corresponds to each film size. That is, the film size selection switch SW
The voltage division ratio by the resistance element r is set so that the output voltage value of the potentiometer 19 when setting the X-ray irradiation field of the film size selected by f and the voltage value taken out by each electromagnetic relay 21 respectively match. ing.

Reference numeral 22 denotes a receiver size selection circuit, which, like the film size selection circuit 20, determines a partial pressure value corresponding to the input surface size of the receiver selected by a plurality of receiver size selection switches SWi. It consists of an electromagnetic relay 23 to be taken out.

The four electromagnetic relays Ra ₁ , Ra _2, Rb ₁ , R which are provided to one input of the comparator 24 by switching the outputs of the film size selection circuit 20 and the receiver size selection circuit 22.
b ₂ is equivalent to a circuit switching unit of the present invention. Electromagnetic relay Ra ₁ is connected to the contacts at the time of photographing operation switch SWs is turned on, Ra ₂ is capturing operating switch SWs conversely to connect the contacts in the off state. Also, the electromagnetic relay R
b ₁ fluoroscopic manipulation switch SWt connects the contacts to the on state, Rb ₂ is operated switch SWt for fluoroscopy conversely adapted to connect the contacts in the off state.

The comparator 24 compares the output voltage value of the film size selection circuit 20 or the output voltage value of the receiver size selection circuit 22 switched by each electromagnetic relay with the output voltage value of the potentiometer 19, and compares the difference. It is configured to output ΔS.

A movable diaphragm control circuit 25 controls the electric motor 14 for driving the blades 9 of the movable diaphragm 5 for X-rays, and drives the electric motor 14 until the signal ΔS from the comparator 24 becomes “0”. Let it.

Reference numeral 26 denotes an X-ray controller for adjusting the amount of power supplied to the X-ray tube 3 to set an X-ray dose during fluoroscopy and radiography.
Operation switch SWs for photographing and operation switch SWt for fluoroscopy
It operates by the operation of. Reference numeral 27 denotes a flash photography controller which controls the operation of the X-ray radiography apparatus 8 by operating the imaging operation switch SWs.

Next, the operation of the above-described device will be described. (1) Operation switch SWs for photographing and operation switch S for fluoroscopy
When both Wt are off, the electromagnetic relays Ra ₂ and Rb ₂ are in a connected state, the electromagnetic relays Ra ₁ and Rb ₁ are in a disconnected state, and the film size selection circuit 20 is connected to one input of the comparator 24. You. At this time, when the film size selection switch SWf is operated, a voltage value corresponding to the film size appears at one input of the comparator 24.
The output voltage value of the potentiometer 19 corresponding to the position of the blade 9 appears at the other input of the comparator 24.

The movable aperture control circuit 25 drives the electric motor 14 until the output voltage value of the potentiometer 19 matches the output voltage value from the film size selection circuit 20,
An X-ray irradiation field is set according to the size of the selected X-ray film. Next, when the photographing operation switch SWs is operated, the film carriage 30 (see FIG. 1) loaded with the X-ray film is conveyed to the photographing position by the flash photographing device controller 27, and the photographing operation is performed by the X-ray controller 26. X-rays having a dose are emitted from the X-ray tube 3 to perform X-ray imaging.

Before the X-ray imaging, when light is irradiated from a light source 10 provided on the movable diaphragm 5 for X-rays, an X-ray irradiation field corresponding to the size of the selected X-ray film causes an X-ray irradiation field of the subject. Since it is displayed above, the X-ray irradiation field for the X-ray film having a size larger than the input surface of the X-ray receiver can be confirmed in advance.

(2) As shown in the conventional example, X-ray fluoroscopy and X-ray
When performing line imaging continuously, first, the size of the input surface of the receiver is designated by operating the receiver size selection switch SWi, and the fluoroscopic operation switch SWt is operated.
Then, it electromagnetic relay Rb ₁ is in the connected state, Rb ₂ is disconnected. Since capturing operating switch SWs is not operated (since the off-state), the electromagnetic relay Ra ₁ is unconnected, Ra ₂ is in a connected state. Therefore, the output of the receiver size selection circuit 22 is supplied to _one input of the comparator 24 through the electromagnetic relays Rb ₁ and Ra _2, and the X-ray irradiation corresponding to the size of the input surface of the selected X-ray receiver 6 is performed. A field is set.

Then, the X-ray controller 26 radiates X-rays having a dose for fluoroscopy from the X-ray tube 3 to perform fluoroscopy. Subsequently, the photographing operation switch SWs is operated, becomes electromagnetic relay Ra ₁ is connected, Ra ₂ is in a non-connected state, the output of the film size selection circuit 20 through an electromagnetic relay Ra ₁ Comparative The signal is supplied to one input of a unit 24. After that, X-ray photography is performed as shown in (1), and continuous fluoroscopy / radiography is performed.

[0029]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus of the present invention, when the fluoroscopic operation switch and the radiographic operation switch are both in the off state, the film selection circuit and the movable aperture control are controlled. Since the circuit is connected to the X-ray movable diaphragm, the X-ray movable aperture
Set the radiation field. That is, before operating the operation switch for fluoroscopy, X corresponding to the size of the X-ray film is determined.
An X-ray field can be set, and X-ray imaging can be performed without going through X-ray fluoroscopy. Therefore, in a situation where X-ray fluoroscopy is unnecessary, the subject is not exposed to extra radiation.

Further, the receiver size selection circuit and the movable aperture control circuit are connected when the fluoroscopic operation switch is on, and the film size selection circuit and the movable aperture control circuit are connected when the photographing operation switch is on. To connect
By operating these operation switches alternately,
Continuous fluoroscopy and photographing can be performed as before.

[0031]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external front view of an X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an internal configuration of a movable diaphragm for X-rays.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a moving mechanism of a movable diaphragm for X-rays.

FIG. 4 is a schematic internal circuit diagram of a movable diaphragm controller.

[Explanation of symbols]

5 movable X-ray diaphragm 6 X-ray receiver 20 film size selection circuit 22 receiver size selection circuit 25 movable diaphragm control circuit SWs photographing operation switch SWt · · · fluoroscopic operation switch _{Ra 1, Ra 2, Rb 1} , Rb 2 ··· electromagnetic relay (circuit switching unit)

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A 62-195800 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A61B 6/00-6/14

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. An X-ray movable stop for setting an X-ray irradiation field, a movable stop control circuit for driving and controlling the X-ray movable stop, and an X-ray irradiation field at the time of imaging according to an X-ray film size. A film size selection circuit for outputting a control signal for setting, and a receiver size selection circuit for outputting a control signal for setting an X-ray irradiation field during fluoroscopy according to the input surface size of the X-ray receiver And an irradiation field display means for displaying an X-ray irradiation field set by the movable X-ray diaphragm on a subject, wherein the X-ray fluoroscopic imaging apparatus includes: a fluoroscopic operation switch; When both the shooting operation switch is in the OFF state or the shooting operation switch is in the ON state, the movable aperture control circuit is connected to the film size selection circuit, and the fluoroscopic operation switch is in the ON state. Previous An X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus, further comprising a circuit switch for connecting the movable aperture control circuit and the receiver size selection circuit.