JP3239073B2 - Permanent magnet field type brush motor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a permanent magnet field type brush motor, and more particularly to a small permanent magnet field brush motor having salient poles.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Small (eg, diameter)
20mm, thickness 10mm) permanent magnet field type brush motor
For example, as shown in FIG. 10, a bearing (not shown) is provided on the bottom surface.
, A permanent magnet 2 a, 2 b having two magnetic poles fixed along the inner peripheral surface of the housing 1, and salient poles 3 a, 3 b, 3 having three magnetic poles
c, a motor shaft 4 pressed into the boss of the laminated core 3, a commutator 6 of three segments (6a, 6b, 6c) pressed into the rotatable bush 5,
It has a varistor 7 for preventing sparking, brushes 8a and 8b arranged at 180 °, and an end cap 9 including a brush substrate. As shown in FIG. 11, armature windings (armature coils) U, V, and W are wound around the salient poles 3a, 3b, and 3c of the laminated core 3 in a concentrated winding. 3 by line
A phase-connected armature is formed.

[0003] In such a permanent magnet field type brush motor, the number of magnetic poles M of the permanent magnet is 2, and the number of magnetic poles P of salient poles of the armature is generally 3, 5, 7, or 11. . Also,
For a permanent magnet field type brush motor with M = 4, P = 3 or 6 is common. However, since the armature core has a salient pole structure, a cogging phenomenon (a change in the magnetic resistance between the salient pole and the permanent magnet magnetic pole corresponding to the rotation angle) occurs.

On the other hand, in a permanent magnet field type brushless motor, as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-8568, in order to reduce the magnitude of cogging torque, an m-phase connected armature winding is used. It has been proposed that the number of magnetic poles M of the magnet and the number of magnetic poles P of the salient poles have a relationship of M: P = m + 2: m + 1. The number of permanent magnet poles is made larger than the number of salient poles to improve cogging torque. For example, in the case of three-phase connection, M: P =
5: 4. Also, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 8-8764,
Similarly, to reduce the magnitude of the cogging torque, M: P =
It has been proposed to have a relationship of 6n ± 2: 6n, where n is an integer of 2 or more.

For example, when n = 2, M: P = 10 or 1
2:12.

However, in the case of a small-sized brush motor, the crossing angle of the brush is limited to 90 °, so that it is practical to use M = 4. Therefore, the above-described relational expression in the brushless motor in which M is set to 5 or more cannot be directly applied to the small brush motor.

[0007] When the number of phases of the armature winding is even, the cogging torque becomes large, so that the armature is generally connected in three phases. When more than 5 phases
Since the number of connection points of the windings increases and the crossing angle of the brush becomes 72 ° or less, it is not suitable for a small motor.

Further, the cogging torque is determined by the number of magnetic poles M of the permanent magnet field and the number of magnetic poles of salient poles P = 3n per rotation.
(Where n is a natural number) is the pulsating torque of the least common multiple, and the magnitude of the cogging torque is inversely proportional to the pulsating number. Therefore, as the number of pulsations increases, the magnitude of the cogging torque decreases.

It is known that when the ratio P / M of the number P of salient poles to the number M of permanent magnets is an integer, the cogging torque is rather large.

Based on these conditions, a table for evaluating the magnitude of the cogging torque of the permanent magnet field type brush motor is shown below.

[0011]

[Table 1]

In the case of a three-phase armature with a permanent magnet field of M = 4, the cogging torque is low in the motors of P = 9, 15, 18, 21. However, when the number of salient poles P = 21,
Although a large reduction in cogging torque can be expected, the angle between adjacent salient poles is narrowed to about 17 ° because the number of poles is too large, and it is difficult to reduce the strength of salient poles and mechanically wind a small motor. Therefore, as a practical number of salient poles, P = 9.1.
5, 18 is desirable.

Table 2 shows the evaluation of the magnitude of the cogging torque of the permanent magnet field type brush motor when M = 2.

[0014]

[Table 2]

In the case of M = 2, the cogging torque is low in the motors of P = 15 and 21. However, P = 21
Is not practical for the same reason as above. Therefore, a motor with P = 15 can be adopted.

[0016]

When the number of salient poles is P = 3n = 9, 15, or 18, the angle between adjacent salient poles becomes narrow, and the slots are narrow, so that the salient poles are wound. Since the number of turns of concentrated winding that can be turned is naturally limited, for example, as shown in FIG. 11, the armature windings U, V, W
The inflated portion X that protrudes from the salient poles 3a, 3b, 3c in the axial direction becomes inevitably small, so that a small motor has an advantage that it contributes particularly to the flattening of the armature, that is, the thinning of the motor. In other words, in order to obtain a small and thin permanent magnet field type brush motor having a high torque constant, the number P of the salient poles is preferably set to 9, 15, or 18.

However, the number P of salient poles is 9,15.
Or 18, the in-phase is a series connection of multiple (n = 3, 5 or 6) armature windings of concentrated winding,
During the energization period, if there is a winding that does not contribute to the reverse torque or the starting torque among the armature windings of the same phase, a torque loss occurs, which causes a decrease in torque.

In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to minimize the torque loss by associating the correspondence order between the in-phase concentrated winding armature windings and the salient poles, thereby minimizing the size and thickness of the motor. However, an object of the present invention is to provide a permanent magnet field type brush motor having a high torque constant.

[0019]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the present invention, a plurality of in-phase salient poles are not disposed adjacent to a main salient pole but are arranged in a symmetrical distributed arrangement. The winding of the auxiliary salient pole is wound in the same direction or reverse direction with respect to the direction of the winding of the main salient pole, and the phase of the generated torque of the auxiliary salient pole is brought as close as possible to the phase of the generated torque of the main salient pole. It is like that.

That is, the first invention is a permanent magnet field having permanent magnet magnetic poles having the number M of magnetic poles arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, and salient poles having the number P of magnetic poles arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. A permanent magnet field type brushed motor having an armature having an armature winding wound around the salient poles by concentrated winding, and a 6-segment commutator, wherein M = 4 and P = 9. The armature is formed by connecting three phases of the three armature windings in series and connecting any three of the three phases to a first phase,
Assuming the second phase and the third phase, the salient pole group belonging to the first phase includes a first salient pole and a third salient pole belonging to the third phase on the rotation direction front side with respect to the first salient pole. And the second salient pole
A second phase belonging to the second phase is provided on the rear side in the rotation direction with respect to the first salient pole.
A third salient pole, which is located one step away from the salient pole, and which has the same phase as the first salient pole winding of any phase, the second salient pole winding and the third salient pole winding Is characterized by being reverse-wound. As described above, in the first invention, the number of magnetic poles M of the permanent magnet is 4 and the number of magnetic poles P of the salient poles is 9, so that a cogging torque is reduced, and a small and thin brushed motor suitable for thinning can be realized. . Further, due to the above-described arrangement relationship between the in-phase salient poles and the relationship between the armature windings in the same direction or in the opposite direction, the second torque with respect to the maximum torque of the in-phase first salient poles is obtained.
The generation of the maximum torque between the salient pole and the third salient pole falls within the phase difference of ± 20 electrical degrees, and a combined torque that is nearly three times the maximum torque per salient pole is generated. The two-phase salient poles are not excited or have a generated torque of zero, and do not generate a braking torque. For this reason, torque loss is minimized, and a brushed motor having a high torque constant can be realized.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a permanent magnet field having permanent magnet magnetic poles having the number M of magnetic poles arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, and salient poles having the number P of magnetic poles arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. And a permanent magnet field type brushed motor having a flat armature having armature windings wound around the salient poles by concentrated winding, and a 6-segment commutator, wherein M = 4 and P =
15, the armature is formed by connecting three phases of the five armature windings in series, and if any of the three phases is a first phase, a second phase, and a third phase, , The salient pole group belonging to the first phase includes a first salient pole, a third salient pole of the third phase, a third salient pole of the second phase, and a second phase in the rotation front side with respect to the first salient pole. And the second salient pole three steps away from the second salient pole
A first salient pole of the third phase and a fourth salient pole of the second phase are sequentially placed in front of the salient pole in the rotation direction, and a third salient pole that is separated by two and is separated from the first salient pole by a rotation. The second salient pole of the second phase and the third
A fifth salient pole of the third phase, a third salient pole of the third phase, and a fourth salient pole spaced three steps apart, and a first salient pole of the second phase in the rear of the fourth salient pole in the rotation direction. , A third salient pole of the third phase having a second salient pole of the third phase, and a fifth salient pole of the third phase separated from the third salient pole by two. The winding of the fifth salient pole and the winding of the fifth salient pole are wound in the same direction, and the winding of the second salient pole and the winding of the fourth salient pole in the same phase are oppositely wound.

Even in such an arrangement relationship between the salient poles of the same phase and a winding of the armature winding in the same direction or in the opposite direction, the second salient pole and the fourth salient pole with respect to the maximum torque of the first salient pole of the same phase. Of the maximum torque of the third salient pole and the fifth torque of the fifth salient pole fall within a phase difference of ± 24 electrical degrees. A combined torque that is close to five times the maximum torque per salient pole is generated. For this reason, torque loss is minimized, and a brushed motor having a high torque constant can be realized.

Further, a third invention is a permanent magnet field having permanent magnet magnetic poles having the number of magnetic poles M arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, and salient poles having the magnetic pole number P arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. And a permanent magnet field type brushed motor having a flat armature having armature windings wound around the salient poles by concentrated winding, and a 6-segment commutator, wherein M = 4 and P =
18, wherein the armature is formed by connecting three phases of six armature windings connected in series to each other, and if any of the three phases is a first phase, a second phase, and a third phase, , The salient pole group belonging to the first phase includes a first salient pole, a sixth salient pole of the third phase, a fifth salient pole of the third phase, and a second phase in the rotation direction front side with respect to the first salient pole. And the second salient pole, which is three steps away from the second salient pole,
A third salient pole adjacent to the front side in the rotation direction of the salient pole, a first salient pole of the third phase, a sixth salient pole of the second phase, and a fifth salient pole of the second phase in the front side in the rotational direction of the third salient pole. A third salient pole of a second phase, a second salient pole of a second phase, and a third salient pole of a second phase in the rotation direction rearward from the first salient pole in three steps; A first salient pole of any phase is composed of a fifth salient pole spaced three steps away from the fourth salient pole of the phase and a sixth salient pole adjacent to the rear side in the rotation direction of the fifth salient pole. , The in-phase fourth salient pole is in the same direction, and the in-phase second, third, and fifth salient poles are in the same phase.
It is characterized in that each winding of the salient pole and the sixth salient pole is reversely wound.

Even with such a mutual arrangement of the salient poles and the winding direction of the armature winding, the second salient pole, the third salient pole, the fifth salient pole, and the The generation of the maximum torque of the six salient poles falls within a phase difference of ± 20 electrical degrees, and the fourth salient pole has the same phase, so that a combined torque that is nearly six times the maximum torque per salient pole is generated. . Therefore, a brushed motor having a high torque constant can be realized.

The armature of the three-phase connection is a star connection (Y connection)
Although high torque can be realized by Δ connection, star connection is advantageous in reducing cogging torque.

[0026]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[First Embodiment] FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing a motor with a permanent magnet field type brush according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an armature winding, and FIG. 3 is a developed view showing a state where the permanent magnet field type brush motor is developed along a rotation direction.

The motor 10 with a permanent magnet field type brush of this embodiment
Is a permanent magnet field (stator) 11 having four magnetic poles arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, and salient poles K (K _{1 to} K ₉ ) of a core having nine magnetic poles arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. And three-phase armature windings (U ₁ ⁺ , W
^{_{3 -, U 2 -, W}} 1 +, V 3 -, W 2 -, V 1 +, U 3
^-, V ₂ ^- comprises an armature (rotor) 12 with a), of the 6 segments and commutator 13. The permanent magnet field 11 is arranged inside a housing (not shown) as a yoke with N and S poles alternately magnetized.
Permanent magnet poles Mg (M _{1 to} M
₄ ) equipped. Note that the permanent magnet field 11 may be one in which four permanent magnets alone are arranged. Commutator 13 has six segments S (S ₁₁ ~S _32), the segments S ₁₁ and 180 ° rotational symmetry of the segment S _12,
Segment S at 180 ° rotationally symmetric position with segment S _21
22, segment S ₃₁ and 180 ° rotational symmetry of the segment S ₃₂ are respectively interconnected by the leads _{L 1, L 2, L 3} . The positive brushes 90 ° crossing angle to the commutator 13 B ⁺ and the negative brush B ^- and is in sliding contact.

Any of the three phases is defined as a U phase (first phase),
Phase (Phase 2), when the W-phase (phase 3), stator teeth belonging to the U-phase of the present embodiment includes a first salient pole K _1, the first salient pole K ₁ with respect to the rotation direction (Fig. a second stator teeth K ₃ apart by jumping one at a third salient pole K ₂ belonging to the W-phase one-clockwise) the front,
And a third salient pole K ₈ Metropolitan apart by jumping one at a second salient pole K ₉ belonging to the V-phase to the first salient poles K ₁ in the rotation direction rear side.

Since the U phase, V phase and W phase are in a cyclic arrangement, V phase (second phase) → U phase (first phase) and W phase (third phase)
Phase) → V phase (second phase), U phase (first phase) → W phase (third phase)
(Phase), the salient pole group belonging to the V phase is determined in the same manner as described above.

That is, the salient pole group belonging to the V phase is the first phase of the U phase.
The _first at a position 120 ° rearward in the rotation direction with respect to the salient pole K1.
The salient pole K ₇ and the first salient pole K ₇ have a U
The second salient pole K ₈ belonging to the phase is placed and the second is separated by one step
A salient pole K _9, and a third salient pole K ₅ Metropolitan apart by jumping one at a second salient pole K ₆ belonging to the W-phase in the rotational direction rear side relative to the first salient poles K _7.

Further, the salient pole group belonging to the W phase is determined in the same manner as described above. That is, the salient pole group belonging to the W phase includes a first salient pole K ₄ located at a position 240 ° rearward in the rotation direction with respect to the first salient pole K ₁ of the U phase, and a rotation about the first salient pole K _4. a second salient pole K ₆ away by jumping one at a third salient pole K ₅ belonging to the V-phase in the direction forward, U in the rotation direction rear side relative to the first stator teeth K ₄
Third away by jumping one at a second salient pole K ₃ belonging to the phase
3-phase Y-connection of this embodiment consisting of stator teeth K ₂ Metropolitan armature winding (star connection), as shown in FIG. 2, U-phase to be connected to a shared connection point C is concentrated winding of the winding (coil) ^{_{U 3 -, U 1 +,}} U
₂ ^- the made series connection, also the V-phase is also concentrated winding of the winding V ₃ to be connected to a shared connection point C ^-, V ₁ ^+, V ₂ ^- a made series, W further connected to a shared connection point C phase also concentrated winding of the winding ^{_{W 3 -, W 1 +,}} W 2 - consists series connection of. The second salient poles K ₃ , K ₁ , K ₁ , K ₁ , K ₇ , K ₄ of any phase have the same phase with respect to the windings U ₁ ⁺ , V ₁ ⁺ , W ₁ ⁺ .
Winding of ^{_{K 9, K 6 U 2 -}} , V 2 -, W 2 - and third salient poles K _8, K _5, K ₂ windings ^{_{U 3 -, V 3 -,}} W 3 - it is a reverse-wound ing.

Next, FIGS. 4 and 5 will be referred to in order to easily understand the mechanism of generating the rotational torque in the motor. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining a change in generated torque depending on the rotation angle between the salient poles and the permanent magnet field.

For example, an exciting current in a certain direction is applied to the winding U ₁ ⁺ of the first salient pole K ₁ of the U phase for a certain period, and FIG.
As shown in, for example, if the entire salient K ₁ S pole are entirely opposed to the permanent magnet poles M ₁ S pole, since the repulsive magnetic force passing through the rotation center of the rotor, salient K ₁ at that position Is substantially zero. After a little rotation from there,
As shown in FIG. 4 (b), around a portion of the salient pole K ₁ begins to face to the permanent magnet poles M ₂ of the adjacent N-pole, permanent magnet poles M
_Since the magnetic attraction force of No. ₂ has a component in the circumferential direction, the generated torque appears at that position, and gradually increases monotonically with the rotation. Then, as shown in FIG. 4 (c), when the radial center line of the salient pole K ₁ is just located on the pole boundaries of the permanent magnet poles M ₂ of the permanent magnet poles M ₁ and N pole of the S pole, the N pole permanent since the circumferential component of the sum of the magnetic repulsive force between the permanent magnet poles M ₁ of the magnetic attraction force and the S pole of the magnet poles M ₂ becomes maximal, maximum torque T _max occurs. As shown in FIG.
When most of the salient K ₁ is opposed to the permanent magnet poles M ₂ N pole, since the circumferential component of the magnetic attraction force is reduced, the generated torque decreasing monotonously, as shown in FIG. 4 (e), butt Pole K ₁
When all is entirely opposed to the permanent magnet poles M ₂ N pole of, the magnetic attraction force passing through the rotation center of the rotor, the torque generated at that position it becomes substantially zero.

As described above, the permanent magnet magnetic pole M whose magnetic poles are alternated is
₁ because ~M ₄ are arranged at intervals of 90 °, the current in a certain direction to a certain one of the salient K ₁ winding U ₁ ⁺ continues to flow, contributes starting torque to rotate the mechanical angle 90 Increase or decrease monotonically with °. Here, as the position of the position or view of FIG. 4 (a) 4 (e) , in the position where the generated torque is close to zero, the starting torque of the salient pole K ₁ is the rate occupied in the torque of the entire rotor is reduced . For this reason, in the motor of this example, as described later, the permanent magnet magnetic poles M ₁ and M ₂ are connected to the winding U ₁ ⁺ of the salient pole K ₁ .
The commutation mode is determined so that the exciting current flows only within a range of ± 30 ° (energization angle 60 °) of the magnetic pole boundary. V
The exciting current to the winding V ₁ ⁺ of the first salient pole K ₇ of the phase and the winding W ₁ ⁺ of the first salient pole K ₄ of the W phase is also commutated at the same timing.

The U-phase second salient pole K ₃ is located at a position 80 ° on the front side in the rotation direction with respect to the U-phase first salient pole K ₁ , and its winding U ₂ ^- is connected to the first salient pole K _1. Is wound in the reverse direction to the winding U ₁ ⁺ , the generated torque is a mechanical angle and a phase difference of 10 °.
Only late. Conversely, the U-phase third salient pole K ₈ is located at a position 80 ° rearward in the rotation direction with respect to the first salient pole K ₁ , and its winding U ₃ ^- is the winding of the first salient pole K ₁ . Since it is reverse-wound with U ₁ ⁺ , the generated torque is a mechanical angle and a phase difference of 10 °.
Just going on. Here, when the transition of the generated torque of the U-phase salient pole is approximated by a sine curve, the result is as shown in FIG. The vertical axis represents the magnitude of the torque, + represents the starting torque for forward rotation, and − represents the braking torque for reverse rotation. However, since the current is not actually supplied during the period in which the braking torque is generated, the braking torque indicated by-is not generated.

The W-phase first salient pole K ₄ is a U-phase first salient pole K _1.
Is located at a position 120 ° in front of the rotation direction in the rotation direction, but is located at a position 60 ° rearward in the rotation direction from the magnetic pole boundary between the permanent magnet magnetic pole M ₃ of the S pole and the permanent magnet magnetic pole M ₄ of the N pole. b)
As shown in, the generated torque is delayed by the phase difference 60 ° in mechanical angle from the first salient poles K ₁ of the U-phase. The first of W phase
The second salient pole K ₆ of the W phase is located on the front side 8 in the rotational direction with respect to the salient pole K ₄ .
Although the 0 ° position, the winding W ₂ ^- because it has become counter-wound to the winding W ₁ ⁺ the first salient pole K _4, the generated torque is delayed by the phase difference 10 ° in mechanical angle I have. Conversely, a third salient poles K ₂ of W-phase after the rotational direction relative to the first stator teeth K ₄ 8
Although the position of 0 °, the winding W ₃ ^- because it has become counter-wound from the first salient poles K ₁ winding W ₁ ^+, the generated torque is advanced by a phase difference 10 ° in mechanical angle I have.

The V-phase first salient pole K ₇ is a U-phase first salient pole K _1.
5 is located at a position 120 ° rearward in the rotation direction with respect to the magnetic pole, but at a position 60 ° forward of the magnetic pole boundary between the permanent magnet magnetic pole M ₃ of the S pole and the permanent magnet magnetic pole M ₄ of the N pole in the rotational direction. c)
As shown in, the generated torque is ahead by the phase difference 60 ° in mechanical angle from the first salient poles K ₁ of the U-phase. V phase 1
The second salient pole K ₉ of V-phase with respect to the salient pole K ₇ is the rotational direction front side 8
Although the position of 0 °, the winding V ₂ ^- because it has become counter-wound to the winding V ₁ ⁺ the first salient poles K _7, the generated torque is delayed by the phase difference 10 ° in mechanical angle I have. On the other hand, the V-phase third salient pole K ₅ is located on the rear side in the rotational direction 8 with respect to the first salient pole K ₇ .
Although the position of 0 °, the winding V ₃ ^- because it has become counter-wound to the winding V ₁ ⁺ the first salient poles K _7, the generated torque is advanced by a phase difference 10 ° in mechanical angle I have.

Now, as shown in FIG. 3, the positive brush B ⁺ is in contact with the U-phase segment S ₂₁ , and the negative brush B ⁻
Moves away from the W-phase segment S ₃₁ and moves to the V-phase segment S
_21. The first phase in which the excitation current flows from the U phase to the V phase
In commutation mode (period of mechanical angle 0 to 30 °), together with the first salient poles K ₇ of the first salient poles K ₁ and V-phase of the U phase becomes S-pole, the second salient poles of the U-phase K ₃ , the third salient pole K ₈ , the V-phase second salient pole K ₉ , and the third salient pole K ₅ become N poles. The first to third salient poles K ₇ , K ₉ , K ₅ of the V phase are permanent magnet poles M ₄ ,
Since they are completely opposed to M ₁ and M ₃ , their magnetic force does not contribute to the rotational torque, but the first salient pole K ₁ of the U phase generates a maximum torque, and the second salient pole K ₃ of the U phase. , 3rd salient pole K
₈ produces a slightly lower tokule. Maximum value is T
_When the variation of the generated torque is approximated by a curve, the first salient pole K ₁ , the second salient pole K ₃ , and the third salient pole K ₈ of the U phase are obtained.
Is the mechanical angle of the rotation angle θ.
It is given by the following equation. _{T = T max cos2θ + T max} cos (2 θ + 20 °) + T max cos (2θ-20 °) = (1 + 2cos20 °) T max cos2θ ≒ 2.88T max cos2θ Therefore, when the rotation angle theta = 0 °, the maximum combined torque F _max
Is 2.88 T _max .

When the first commutation mode ends (θ = 30
°), the combined torque of the three salient poles of the U phase is the minimum torque F
_{min = F max /2=2.88T max cos (} 2 × 30 °) = 1.44
Although decreases until T _max, because the positive electrode brush B ⁺ begins to contact with the segment S ₃₁ of the W-phase from the segment S ₂₁ of the U-phase, W-
The second commutation mode (period of mechanical angle 30 to 60 °) in which the exciting current flows from the phase to the V phase. Therefore, W phase 3
The combined torque due to the salient poles gradually increases and recovers to the maximum combined torque _Fmax at a mechanical angle of 60 °. Then, negative brush B ^- from the segment S ₁₂ is V-phase begins to contact with the segment S ₂₂ of the U-phase, the W-phase third commutation mode excitation current flows through the U-phase (the mechanical angle 60 to 90 ° Period). For this reason, the combined torque due to the three salient poles of the W phase gradually decreases to _Fmin . The fourth commutation mode through the positive electrode brush B ⁺ begins to contact from the segment S ₃₁ of the W-phase to the segment S ₁₂ of the V-phase excitation current from the V phase to the U phase (mechanical angle 90-120
° period), the combined torque by the three salient poles of the V phase gradually increases to the maximum torque _Fmax , and then the negative brush B
^- because begins to contact with the segment S ₃₂ of the W-phase from the segment S ₂₂ of the U-phase, the W phase from the V phase to the fifth commutation mode flowing exciting current (period mechanical angle 120 to 150 °). Although combined torque by 3 salient poles of the V phase in this mode is gradually reduced until F _min, positive brush B ⁺ begins to contact with the segment S ₂₂ of the U-phase, rotation of the sixth flowing exciting current to the W-phase from the U-phase Flow mode (period of mechanical angle 150-180 °)
Therefore, the combined torque by the three salient poles of the U-phase gradually increases to the maximum torque _Fmax .

Accordingly, the brushed motor of this embodiment is switched in the order of the first to sixth commutation modes at the mechanical angle of 180 °. At this time, the combined torque in each mode at every mechanical angle of 30 ° smoothly _changes between the minimum value F _min and the maximum value F _max while maintaining the high torque value.

As described above, in the permanent magnet field type brush motor 10 of this embodiment, the number of magnetic poles M of the permanent magnet is 4 and the number of magnetic poles P of the salient poles is 9, the cogging torque is reduced, and the motor is small and compact. Brushed motor suitable for thinning (for example, diameter 20mm,
Although the thickness is 7 mm, as described above, the armature windings (U ₁ ⁺ , W ₃ ⁻ , U ₂ ⁻ , W ₁ ⁺ , V ₃ ⁻ , W ₂ ⁻ ,
V ₁ ⁺ , U ₃ ⁻ , V ₂ ⁻ ) and salient poles K (K _{1 to} K ₉ ) are related to each other, so that the in-phase first salient poles K _1,
K _7, K _4, the second stator teeth K ₃ for a maximum torque _of, K _9, K ₆ and third salient poles K _8, K _5, generation of the maximum torque of the K ₂ is ± electrical angle 2
The phase difference falls within 0 °, and in each commutation mode, the combined torque (F _min = F _max /2=1.44 T _{max to} F _max = 2.88) which is nearly three times the maximum torque T _max per salient pole T
_max ), during which the other two-phase salient poles are de-energized or have zero generated torque and do not generate braking torque. For this reason, torque loss is minimized, and a brushed motor having a high torque constant can be realized.

Further, when the phases contributing to the starting torque are switched (switching point from the first commutation mode to the second commutation mode, switching point from the third commutation mode to the fourth commutation mode, Before and after the switching point from the fifth commutation mode to the sixth commutation mode), the phase in which the generated torque becomes zero is constant even though the current is supplied, and the phase always includes one non-excitation phase.
For this reason, the exciting current flowing in the phase contributing to the starting torque hardly fluctuates before and after the mode switching, which is advantageous in reducing the cogging torque.

Considering here, in FIG.
The first salient poles K ₁ of the U-phase with the second salient poles of the U-phase is salient K ₂ adjacent salient poles of the adjacent third salient poles of U-phase K ₉
, And the addition when winding of concentrated winding thereof first to third salient poles are at the same winding, the second stator teeth K ₂ is in the position in the rotational direction front 40 °, the torque is first salient poles It is advanced by a phase difference 40 ° in mechanical angle relative to that of K _1. Also the third
Since the salient poles K ₉ is in the position in the rotational direction rear side 40 °, the generated torque is delayed by the phase difference 40 ° in mechanical angle relative to that of the first salient poles K _1. When the first salient poles K ₁ S pole to the magnetic pole boundary of the permanent magnet poles M ₂ of the permanent magnet poles M ₁ and N pole of the S pole is opposed to the head-first torque salient pole K ₁ is the maximum torque T Although the _max, the second stator teeth K ₂ S pole are then entirely opposite to the permanent magnet poles M ₂ of the N pole, and the third salient poles K ₉ S pole in the permanent magnet poles M ₁ S pole due to the entirety opposite, second salient poles K ₂ and the third salient pole K ₉ generates no Tokuru. Therefore, the maximum combined torque is at most _Tmax .

At the start of energization of the U phase, the second salient pole K ₂ of the S pole is located at 20 ° in the rotation direction forward from the magnetic pole boundary between the S permanent magnet pole M ₁ and the N permanent magnet pole M ₂ . Position, the generated torque at that position is T _max cos (2 × 10
°). However, at the start of the energization, the third
Salient poles K ₉ is due to the position of 20 ° from the magnetic pole boundary of the permanent magnet poles M ₁ of the permanent magnet poles M ₄ and S pole of the N pole, the third
A braking torque of T _max cos (2 × 20 °) is generated in the salient pole K ₉ of the above, so that the resultant torque is T _max cos (2 × 10 °) −
_{T max cos (2 × 20 °} ) is a = 0.23T _max. Similarly,
The resultant torque at the end of energizing the U phase is also 0.23 _Tmax . For this reason, the minimum combined torque is 0.23 _Tmax . In such a salient pole group selection and winding method, the torque generated by the auxiliary salient poles appears as a braking torque to reduce the starting torque. Starting torque is 0.23T _{max to} T _max
In the low power range.

However, in the motor 10 according to the present embodiment, the auxiliary second salient pole K ₃ and the third salient pole K ₈ are not adjacent to the first salient pole K _{1 and} are selected in a symmetrical arrangement to generate the torque. of determining the phase difference, the winding U of concentrated winding of the second stator teeth K ₃ and the third salient pole K _{8 2} ^-, U ₃ ^- and the windings U ₁ ⁺ first concentrated winding of stator teeth K ₁ is Conversely wound on to perform phase inversion of generating torque, it is obtained close as possible to the phase of the first torque produced by the salient pole K _1.
Since the energization angle is ± 30 °, the phase is only ± 10 °, and the energization angle includes a phase in which the maximum torque of the three salient poles K ₁ , K ₃ , and K ₈ occurs. The three work together to increase the torque. Therefore, a brushed motor having a high torque constant can be realized.

[Second Embodiment] FIG. 6 is a developed view showing a state in which a permanent magnet field type brush motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention is developed along the rotational direction, and FIG. It is the schematic which shows the armature winding of the delta connection of the motor with a magnet field type brush.

The permanent magnet field type brushed motor 20 of the present embodiment
Also, similarly to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the salient pole K (K ₁
And ~K _9), 3-phase connection of the armature winding installed in the concentrated winding the salient pole ^{_{K (U 1 +, W 3}} -, U 2 -, W 1 +, V 3 -,
^{_{W 2 -, V 1 +,}} U 3 -, V 2 - correspondence between) are the same. Although the armature of the first embodiment has a Y connection (star connection), a Δ connection is employed in this example.

For example, in the first commutation mode, the main excitation phase is the U phase, and the double excitation phases are the V phase and the W phase. In the Y connection of the first embodiment, the main excitation phase is the U phase, the double excitation phase is only the V phase, and the U phase and the V phase are connected in series. On the other hand, the double excitation phase of this example is a series connection of the V phase and the W phase, and accordingly, the winding resistance is large and the U phase of the main excitation phase is connected in parallel to the phase resistance. The exciting current flowing in the U-phase of the main exciting phase is larger than that in the case of the Y-connection, and further higher torque can be realized. In addition, the number of connection points of the winding is reduced in the Δ connection as compared with the Y connection, and there is an advantage in manufacturing with a small motor.

However, for example, when switching from the first commutation mode to the second commutation mode, the exciting current flows back to the W phase of the multiple excitation phase. This causes cogging.
In addition, when switching between the modes, a reverse flow always occurs in the same double excitation phase. Therefore, when priority is given to suppression of cogging, it is preferable to adopt the first embodiment of the Y connection.

[Third Embodiment] FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view showing a permanent magnet field type brush motor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Although the number of salient poles is nine in the motor 10 with a permanent magnet field type brush shown in FIG. 1, the number of salient poles is 15 in the motor 30 with a permanent magnet field type brush of this embodiment. Salient pole K ₁ ~
Winding of concentrated winding relative to ^{_{K 15) U 1 +, W}} 4 -, V 3 +,
^{_{V 5 +, U 2 -,}} W 1 +, V 4 -, U 3 +, U 5 +, W
^{_{2 -, V 1 +, U}} 4 -, W 3 +, W 5 +, V 2 - corresponds to the order.

Any one of the three phases is defined as a U phase (first phase),
Phase (Phase 2), when the W-phase (phase 3), stator teeth belonging to the U-phase of the present embodiment includes a first salient pole K _1, the rotation direction front side to the first stator teeth K ₁ A fourth salient pole K ₂ of the W phase, a third salient pole K _{3 of} the V phase, a fifth salient pole K ₄ of the V phase are sequentially placed, and a second salient pole K _{5, which} is three steps away, and A first salient pole K ₆ of the W phase and a fourth salient pole K ₇ of the V phase are sequentially disposed in front of the salient pole K _{5 in} the rotation direction, and a third salient pole K ₈ separated by two and a first salient pole K _8. A fourth salient pole that is three steps away from the first salient pole K ₁₅ of the V phase, a fifth salient pole K _{14 of} the W phase, and a third salient pole K ₁₃ of the W phase in order after the rotational direction with respect to K _1. K _12, and a V-phase first salient pole K ₁₁ and a W-phase second salient pole K _10, which are arranged rearward in the rotation direction of the fourth salient pole K _12.
One jump consisting of fifth salient pole K ₉ Metropolitan away to.

With respect to the winding U ₁ ⁺ of the first salient pole K ₁ , the winding U ₃ ⁺ of the third salient pole K _{8 and} the winding U of the fifth salient pole K ₉ are in phase.
₅ ⁺ together with a same orientation wound, winding U ₂ of the second salient poles K ₅ of the in-phase ^- windings U ₄ of and the fourth salient pole K ₁₂ ^- is in the reverse winding.

As is apparent from FIG. 8, the U phase, V phase, W phase
Since the phases are cyclically arranged, V phase (second phase) → U
Phase (first phase), W phase (third phase) → V phase (second phase), U phase (first phase) → W phase (third phase) Are also determined in the same manner as described above.

[0055] The second salient poles K ₅ of the U-phase to the first salient poles K ₁ of the U-phase is in the position in the rotational direction front 96 °, the winding U ₂ ^- is the first salient poles K ₁ Since the winding is reversely wound from the winding U ₁ ⁺ , the generated torque is advanced by a phase difference of 6 ° in mechanical angle. 4th salient pole K ₁₂ of the U-phase to the first salient poles K ₁ of the U-phase is in a position in the rotation direction rear side 96 °, the windings U
₄ ^- because it has become counter-wound from the first salient poles K ₁ winding U ₁ ^+, the generated torque is delayed by the phase difference 6 ° in mechanical angle. The U-phase third salient pole K ₈ is located at a position 168 ° rearward in the rotational direction with respect to the first salient pole K ₁ .
₃ ⁺ is and have the same orientation winding the first salient K ₁ winding U ₁ ^+, the generated torque is delayed by the phase difference 12 ° in mechanical angle. Similarly, the U-phase fifth salient pole K ₉ is located at a position 192 ° rearward in the rotational direction with respect to the first salient pole K ₁ , and its winding U ₅ ⁺ is the winding of the first salient pole K ₁ . Since it is wound in the same direction as U ₁ ⁺ , the generated torque is advanced by a phase difference of 12 ° in mechanical angle. Therefore, the first to fifth salient poles K ₁ ,
Combined torque by _{K 5, K 8, K 12} , K 9 is given by the following equation. _{T = T max cos2θ + T max} cos (2θ + 12 °) + T max cos (2θ-12 °) + T max cos (2 θ + 24 °) + T max cos (2θ-24 °) = (1 + 2cos12 ° + 2cos24 °) T max cos2θ ≒ 4.39T _max cos2θ As described above, the maximum torque of the auxiliary second to fifth salient poles K ₅ , K ₈ , K ₁₂ and K ₉ is within the conduction angle ± 30 ° with respect to the maximum torque of the main first salient pole K ₁ . Therefore, all the salient poles of the U phase increase the starting torque. For this reason, even with the brushed motor 30 of P = 15 in this example, a high torque can be realized. Although the motor 30 of this example has a Y connection, a higher torque can be achieved in the case of a Δ connection. If necessary, the relationship between the salient poles and the windings of this embodiment may be adopted for a small motor in which the number of magnetic poles M of the permanent magnet is 2.

[Fourth Embodiment] FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view showing a permanent magnet field type brush motor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

While the number of salient poles is nine in the motor 10 with a permanent magnet field type brush shown in FIG. 1, the number of salient poles is 18 in the motor 40 with a permanent magnet field type brush of this embodiment. Salient pole K ₁ ~
Winding of concentrated winding relative to ^{_{K 18 U 1 +, W 5}} -, W 4 -, V
^{_{4 -, U 2 -, U}} 3 -, W 1 +, V 6 -, V 5 -, U 4
^{_{+, W 2 -, W 3}} -, V 1 +, U 6 -, U 5 -,
^{_{W 4 +, V 2 -,}} V 3 - corresponds to the order.

Any one of the three phases is defined as a U phase (first phase),
Phase (Phase 2), when the W-phase (phase 3), stator teeth belonging to the U-phase of the present embodiment includes a first salient pole K _1, the rotation direction front side to the first stator teeth K ₁ A W-phase sixth salient pole K ₂ , a W-phase fifth salient pole K ₃ , a V-phase fourth salient pole K _4, and a second salient pole K _{5 which} is three steps away, A third salient pole K ₆ adjacent to the front side in the rotation direction of the salient pole K _5, a first salient pole K ₇ of the W phase, and a sixth salient pole K of the V phase in order in the front side in the rotational direction of the third salient pole K _{6. 8,} a fourth salient pole K ₁₀ apart to a fifth salient pole K ₉ three jump at the V-phase, third salient poles K of V-phase in the forward in the rotational direction rear side with respect to the first stator teeth K _{1 18} , the second salient pole K ₁₇ of the V phase, the fourth salient pole of the W phase
A fifth salient pole K ₁₅ away three flying at a salient pole K _16, sixth salient poles K ₁₄ adjacent to the rotation direction rear side of the fifth salient poles K ₁₅
Consisting of

The winding U ₄ ⁺ of the fourth salient pole K ₁₀ of the same phase has the same winding as the winding U ₁ ⁺ of the first salient pole K ₁ , and the second salient pole K ₅ of the same phase has the same winding. 3 salient poles K _6, each of the windings U ₂ of the fifth salient poles K ₁₅ and sixth salient poles ^{_{K 14 -, U 3 -,}} U 5 -,
As is apparent from FIG. 9 in which U ₅ ^- is reversed,
The U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase are cyclically arranged, so that V-phase (second phase) → U-phase (first phase), W-phase (third phase) → V-phase (second phase), U-phase Substituting in order as (first phase) → W phase (third phase), salient pole groups belonging to V phase and W phase are determined in the same manner as above.

[0060] The second salient poles K ₅ of the U-phase to the first salient poles K ₁ of the U-phase is in the position in the rotational direction front 80 °, the winding U ₂ ^- is the first salient poles K ₁ Since the winding is reversely wound from the winding U ₁ ⁺ , the generated torque is delayed by a phase difference of 10 ° in mechanical angle. The third salient pole K ₆ of the U phase is located at a position 100 ° rearward in the rotational direction with respect to the first salient pole K ₁ of the U phase, and its winding U ₃ ^- is the winding of the first salient pole K ₁ . Since the winding is reversely wound from U ₁ ⁺ , the generated torque advances by a phase difference of 10 ° in mechanical angle. Further, the U-phase fourth salient pole K ₁₀ is the first salient pole K
_Since it is at a position of 180 ° with respect to ₁ , the generated torques are in phase. Further, the U-phase fifth salient pole K ₁₅ is located at a position 80 ° rearward in the rotation direction with respect to the first salient pole K ₁ , and its winding U ₅ ⁻ is the winding U of the first salient pole K ₁ . _{Since the} winding is reversed from ¹⁺ , the generated torque is a mechanical angle with a phase difference of 10 °.
Just going on. The U-phase sixth salient pole K ₁₄ is located at a position 100 ° rearward in the rotational direction with respect to the first salient pole K ₁ .
Its winding U ₆ ^- because it has become counter-wound from the first salient poles K ₁ winding U ₁ ^+, the phase difference 1 the torque generated by the mechanical angle
It is delayed by 0 °. Accordingly, the first to sixth salient poles K ₁ , K
_5, combined torque by _{K 6, K 10, K 15} , K 14 is given by the following equation. _{T = 2T max cos2θ + 2T max} cos (2θ + 20 °) + T max cos (2θ-20 °) = 2 (1 + 2cos20 °) T max cos2θ ≒ 5.76T max cos2θ Thus, with respect to the principal first maximum torque of the salient pole K ₁ And the auxiliary second to fifth salient poles K ₅ , K ₈ , K ₁₂ , and K ₉ generate the maximum torque within the phase difference within the conduction angle of ± 30 °. The starting torque is increased. For this reason, the brushed motor 3 of P = 18 of this example
Even at zero, high torque can be realized. In addition, the motor 4 of this example
Although 0 is a Y connection, a higher torque can be achieved in the case of a Δ connection.

It should be noted that in the case of the motor with a permanent magnet field type brush of M = 4 and P = 21, the phases of the torques generated by the salient poles having the same phase can be brought close to each other in the same manner as described above. That is, a group of salient poles of an arbitrary phase includes a first salient pole, a second salient pole that is separated from the first salient pole by four on the front side in the rotational direction, and a rotational direction that is opposite to the second salient pole. A third salient pole adjacent on the front side,
A fourth salient pole, which is three away from the third salient pole on the front side in the rotation direction, a fifth salient pole, which is four away from the first salient pole on the rear side in the rotational direction, and a fifth salient pole. A sixth salient pole adjacent to the pole on the rear side in the rotational direction, and a seventh salient pole separated from the sixth salient pole by three on the rear side in the rotational direction, and a first salient pole winding On the other hand, the windings of the fourth salient pole and the seventh salient pole are wound in the same direction, and the second salient pole, the third salient pole, the fifth salient pole and the sixth salient pole are wound with respect to the winding of the first salient pole. The pole winding is reverse winding.

[0062]

As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of salient poles having the same phase are not disposed adjacent to the salient poles, but are symmetrically distributed. The winding of the auxiliary salient pole is wound in the same direction or opposite to the direction of the winding, and the phase of the generated torque of the auxiliary salient pole is made as close as possible to the phase of the generated torque of the main salient pole. Things. Therefore, the following effects are obtained.

In the first invention, the number of magnetic poles M of the permanent magnet is
Is 4, and the number P of salient poles is 9, so that a cogging torque is reduced, and a small and thin brushed motor suitable for thinning can be realized. In addition, the maximum torque of the second salient pole and the third salient pole is ±± electric angle 2
Within the phase difference within 0 °, the combined torque that is almost three times the maximum torque per salient pole is generated, while the other two salient poles are not excited or the generated torque is zero. , Does not generate braking torque. A brushed motor with a high torque constant can be realized.

When P = 15 in the second invention, and in the case where P = 18 in the third invention, the same effect as in the first invention can be obtained.

When the armature has a star connection, the cogging torque can be further reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing a motor with a permanent magnet field type brush according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a Y-connected armature winding of the permanent magnet field type brush motor.

FIG. 3 is a development view showing a state where the permanent magnet field type brush motor is developed along a rotation direction.

FIGS. 4A to 4E are schematic diagrams for explaining transition of generated torque depending on a rotation angle between a salient pole and a permanent magnet field.

5A is a graph showing a transition of a generated torque of a U phase, FIG. 5B is a graph showing a transition of a generated torque of a W phase,
(C) is a graph showing the transition of the generated torque of the W phase, (d)
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing transition of a commutation mode.

FIG. 6 is a developed view showing a state in which a permanent magnet field type brush motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention is developed along a rotation direction.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a Δ-connection armature winding of the permanent magnet field type brush motor.

FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view showing a permanent magnet field type brush motor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view showing a permanent magnet field type brush motor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view showing a conventional small permanent magnet field type brush motor having a flat armature.

FIG. 11 is a side view showing a rotor in the permanent magnet field type brushed motor shown in FIG. 10;

[Explanation of symbols]

10, 20, 30, 40 ... permanent magnet field type motor 11 ... permanent magnet field (stator) brush 12 ... armature (rotor) 13 ... of 6 segments commutator K, salient poles of K ₁ ~K ₁₈ ... core mg, M ₁ ~M ₄ ... permanent magnet poles _{S, S 11, S 12,} S 21, S 22, S 31, S 32 ... armature winding segments U-phase ^{_{... U 1 +, U 2 -}} , U 3 ^- , U ₃ ⁺ ,
U ₄ ⁻ , U ₄ ⁺ , U ₅ ⁺ , U ₅ ⁻ , U ₆ ^-6 V-phase armature winding V ₁ ⁺ , V ₂ ⁻ , V ₃ ⁻ , V ₃ ⁺ ,
V ₄ ⁻ , V ₄ ⁺ , V ₅ ⁺ , V ₅ ⁻ , V ₆ ^-6 W-phase armature winding: W ₁ ⁺ , W ₂ ⁻ , W ₃ ⁻ , W ₃ ⁺ ,
^{_{W 4 -, W 4 +,}} W 5 +, W 5 -, W 6 -6 L 1, L 2, L 3 ... leads B ⁺ ... cathode brush B ^- ... anode brush.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-62-193539 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H02K 23/04

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] The present invention has a permanent magnet field having permanent magnet magnetic poles having the number of magnetic poles M arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and a salient pole having the number of magnetic poles P arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. In a permanent magnet field type brushed motor including an armature having an armature winding wound by concentrated winding and a 6-segment commutator, M = 4 and P = 9; A phase in which three armature windings are connected in series is connected in three phases, and an arbitrary phase among the three phases is a first phase and a second phase.
Assuming that the first and second phases are salient poles, the salient pole group belonging to the first phase jumps one step by placing the first salient pole and the third salient pole belonging to the third phase in front of the first salient pole in the rotational direction. And a third salient pole separated from the first salient pole by a second salient pole belonging to the second phase behind the first salient pole. Wherein the winding of the second salient pole and the winding of the third salient pole having the same phase are oppositely wound with respect to the winding of the first salient pole. 2. A permanent magnet field having permanent magnet magnetic poles having the number M of magnetic poles arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, and salient poles having the number P of magnetic poles arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. A permanent magnet field type brush motor having a flat armature having an armature winding wound by concentrated winding and a 6-segment commutator, wherein M = 4 and P = 15. The armature is formed by connecting three phases of the five armature windings connected in series to one another, and any one of the three phases can be a first phase or a second phase.
Assuming that the first and second phases are salient poles, the salient pole group belonging to the first phase includes a first salient pole, a third salient pole in the rotation direction forward of the first salient pole, and a third salient pole in the second phase. A third salient pole, a second salient pole separated from the second salient pole by a third salient pole, and a third salient pole and a second phase in front of the second salient pole in the rotation direction. A third salient pole, which is two steps away from the fourth salient pole, a second salient pole of the second phase, a fifth salient pole of the third phase, A three-phase third salient pole is placed and a fourth salient pole separated by three steps, and a second-phase first salient pole is arranged rearward in the rotation direction of the fourth salient pole.
The fifth salient pole, the second salient pole of phase 3
And the third salient pole and the fifth salient pole of the same phase are wound in the same direction and the second salient pole of the same phase with respect to the first salient pole of any phase. A motor with a permanent magnet field-aligned brush, wherein the winding of the salient pole and the winding of the fourth salient pole are reversely wound. 3. A permanent magnet field having permanent magnet magnetic poles having the number M of magnetic poles arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, and salient poles having the number P of magnetic poles arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. A permanent magnet field type brushed motor including a flat armature having an armature winding wound by concentrated winding and a 6-segment commutator, wherein M = 4 and P = 18. The armature is formed by connecting three phases in which the six armature windings are connected in series to three phases, and any one of the three phases is connected to the first phase and the second phase.
Assuming that the first and second phases are salient poles, the salient pole group belonging to the first phase includes a first salient pole, a sixth salient pole of the third phase, and a third salient pole in the front of the first salient pole in the rotation direction. A fifth salient pole, a second salient pole spaced three steps apart with a fourth salient pole of the second phase, a third salient pole adjacent to the front side of the second salient pole in the rotation direction, and a third salient pole The first salient pole of the third phase, the sixth salient pole of the second phase,
A fourth salient pole, which is three steps away from the fifth salient pole of the phase, and a third salient pole of the second phase in the rotation direction rearward with respect to the first salient pole,
A fifth salient pole, which is three steps apart from a second salient pole of the second phase and a fourth salient pole of the third phase, and a sixth salient pole adjacent to the rear side of the fifth salient pole in the rotation direction. The winding of the first salient pole of any phase has the same direction winding as the winding of the fourth salient pole, and the second, third, and fifth salient poles of the same phase. Pole and sixth
A motor with a permanent magnet field type brush, wherein each winding of the salient pole is reversely wound. 4. The motor with a permanent magnet field-type brush according to claim 1, wherein the three-phase connected armature is a star connection.