JP3232058B2 - Photovoltaic module and photovoltaic system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation module and a photovoltaic power generation system, and more particularly to a technique effective in preventing a reduction in the rate of taking in sunlight.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing an essential part of an example of a conventional solar power generation module. In the photovoltaic module shown in FIG. 15, the area ratio of the photovoltaic element to the area of the light receiving surface of the light collector (the area of the light receiving surface / the area of the photovoltaic element), that is, the light collection magnification is increased. And the area of the solar power generation element is reduced. FIG.
The photovoltaic module shown in FIG. 5A has a first light collector 7 composed of a medium 3 having a light receiving surface 1 and a light reflecting surface 2.
-1 and a second light collector 7-2 having the same shape are arranged in directions symmetric to each other. In FIG. 15A, reference numeral 5 denotes a solar power generation element.
The photovoltaic module shown in FIG. 15 (b) is different from the photovoltaic module shown in FIG. 15 (a) in that the first and second light collectors (7-1, 7-2) have cover glass portions. 4 is provided. Such a technique is described in the following (a) and (b). (B) Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 6-511602 (b) “Plot type photovoltaic roof tiles”, 13th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Nice France, October 1995, 1483-1486
Page (PROTOTYPE PHOTOVOLTAIC ROOFTILES, 13 TH EUROPEAN
PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR ENERGY CONFERENCE, NICE, FRANC
E, OCTOBER 1995, pp1483-1486)

[0003]

The conventional photovoltaic power generation module shown in FIG.
The light receiving surface 1 of (1, 17-2) is tilted from the horizontal plane by the latitude of the installation location, and the light receiving surface 1 is installed such that sunlight at the time of the spring equinox and the autumn equinox enters the light receiving surface vertically. For example, north latitude 34 in the northern hemisphere
° in Tokyo, each concentrator (17-1,
17-2) The light-receiving surface 1 is inclined at 34 ° toward the south from the horizontal plane. Cover glass part 4 installed in this way
(7-1, 7-2) when no light is provided
Usually, as shown in FIG. 16 (a), sunlight that is incident almost parallel to the light receiving surface from the narrower cross-sectional shape becomes sunlight having a smaller incident angle and becomes perpendicular to the light receiving surface. Is designed to take in sunlight up to the point where the angle becomes larger and becomes 24 °. Each light collector (7-1, 7)
This situation is shown above -2). Here, 24 ° corresponds to the inclination angle of the earth axis with respect to the orbital plane of the earth, and the movement angle of sunlight for one year is shown in the upper part of FIG. As shown in FIG. 16A, the solar power generation module having the structure shown in FIG. 1, the power can be efficiently generated throughout the year, including the period of the summer solstice and the winter solstice, which are shifted by 24 ° from the spring equinox and the autumn equinox, respectively. However, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 15B, when the cover glass portion 4 as shown in FIG. 15B is provided on the light receiving surface 1 of each light collector (7-1, 7-2), The surface where reflection occurs moves from the lower surface 6 of the cover glass portion 4 to the module light receiving surface 1 on the upper surface of the cover glass portion 4. As a result, in the photovoltaic power generation module having the structure shown in FIG. 15B provided with the cover glass portion 4, the photovoltaic power generation module having the structure shown in FIG. In the sunlight 8 that can be captured, light 23 that escapes to the outside without being captured is generated, and the capturing efficiency is reduced. This decrease in the capturing efficiency is the same also when the light is installed so that the sunlight at the time of spring equinox and autumn equinox does not vertically enter the light receiving surface.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic power generation module having a light capturing efficiency even when a transparent substrate is provided on the surface. It is an object of the present invention to provide a technique capable of preventing the decrease of the number. Further, another object of the present invention is to provide a technology capable of improving power generation efficiency in a photovoltaic power generation module system. The above and other objects and novel features of the present invention will become apparent from the description of the present specification and the accompanying drawings.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Among the inventions disclosed in the present application, the outline of a representative one will be briefly described.
It is as follows. That is, the present invention includes a cover glass portion having a light receiving surface, a plurality of light collectors having a reflection surface, and a plurality of photovoltaic elements in which at least a part of the surface is in contact with the light collector. A photovoltaic module, wherein the plurality of light collectors are connected by the cover glass part.
And which, with the cover glass portion and the condenser portion bounded by said light receiving surface, the refractive index with the outside, it is largely the cover glass portion and the condenser portion, the incident light of the light collecting member The capture rate is the capture rate for the first incident light from all angles tilted to the right from the normal to the light receiving surface in a cross section including the light receiving surface, the reflective surface, and the photovoltaic element, and tilted to the left. The capture rate for the second incident light from all angles is different, and the capture rate of the incident light of the plurality of light collectors as a whole is different from the capture rate for the first incident light and the second incidence rate. The magnitude relationship of the capture rate for light is the same as the magnitude relationship of the capture rate of the incident light in the light collector, and when the light receiving surface is disposed above, the thickness of the cover glass portion is From the lowermost end of the reflective surface of the body More than 30% of the distance to the surface, preferably characterized in that at least 14%. Here, the first and second incident lights are for confirming the shape of one light collector and the arrangement of a plurality of light collectors, and need not be actual sunlight. The take-in rate is defined as a ratio of light incident on the light collector to the photovoltaic element, and in the case of power generation, is a ratio of light contributing to power generation in incident light. In addition, if the condition of the magnitude relation of the take-in rate is satisfied, the magnitude ratio may be various depending on circumstances such as how to install the solar power generation module.

Further, the present invention provides a cover glass portion having a light receiving surface, a plurality of light collectors having a reflection surface, and a plurality of photovoltaic elements having at least a part of the surface in contact with the light collector. a photovoltaic power generation module having a bet, before
The plurality of light collectors are connected by the cover glass part.
Ri, wherein said cover glass portion and the condenser portion bounded by said light receiving surface, the refractive index with the outside, it is largely the cover glass portion and the condenser portion, and said light receiving surface and the reflective surface 2 Symmetrically and symmetrically incident on two points equidistant from any point on the light receiving surface in the cross section including the photovoltaic element
The optical path after the incidence of two incident lights is asymmetric with respect to the arbitrary point, and the plurality of light collectors are arranged so that the asymmetric tendency coincides with each other, and the light receiving surface is arranged upward. The thickness of the cover glass portion is at least 30%, preferably at least 14%, of the distance from the lowermost end of the reflecting surface of the light collector to the light receiving surface. In addition, the present invention includes a cover glass portion having a light receiving surface, a plurality of light collectors having a reflection surface, and a plurality of photovoltaic elements in which at least a part of the surface is in contact with the light collector. In the photovoltaic power generation module, the cover glass portion and the light collector portion having the light receiving surface as a boundary, and the refractive index between the cover glass portion and the light collector portion are larger than those of the cover glass portion and the light collector portion. Are connected in a state where the boundary surface with the cover glass portion is connected, and are incident symmetrically and equidistantly from any point on the light receiving surface to two points equidistant in the direction of the connection. The optical path after the incidence of the two incident lights is asymmetric with respect to the arbitrary point, and when the light receiving surface is disposed above, the thickness of the cover glass portion is the lowermost end of the reflection surface of the light collector. 30% or more of the distance from the Characterized in that at least%. Here, the two incident lights are for confirming the shape of one condensing part and the arrangement of a plurality of condensing parts, and need not be actual sunlight. In addition, the present invention includes a cover glass portion having a light receiving surface, a plurality of light collectors having a reflection surface, and a plurality of photovoltaic elements in which at least a part of the surface is in contact with the light collector. A photovoltaic module, wherein the plurality of light collectors are connected by the cover glass portion.
And Tsu, and the cover glass portion and the condenser portion bounded by said light receiving surface, the refractive index with the outside, it is largely the cover glass portion and the condenser portion, the reflecting surface and the light receiving surface And in a cross section including the photovoltaic element, the angle between the light receiving surface and the straight line portion of the reflecting surface is less than 45 °, and the photovoltaic element is the side forming the angle of the light receiving surface in the cross section. And the plurality of light collectors are arranged in such a manner that the angles and the photovoltaic elements are arranged alternately, and the light receiving surface is arranged upward, the cover The thickness of the glass portion is at least 30%, preferably at least 14%, of the distance from the lowermost end of the reflecting surface of the light collector to the light receiving surface. Also, in the present invention, the plurality of light collectors and the plurality of photovoltaic elements are arranged in parallel to a first direction, and the plurality of light collectors are arranged in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. In the direction, the photovoltaic element is provided so as to extend to a portion outside of both ends of the photovoltaic power generation element. Also, the present invention provides a method according to the present invention, wherein the plurality of photovoltaic elements are arranged in an array in a first direction and a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, and the plurality of photovoltaic elements arranged in the array are arranged. It is characterized in that electric power generated by a photovoltaic element located at one end of the element in the first direction is not used. Also, the present invention provides a method according to the present invention, wherein the plurality of photovoltaic elements are arranged in an array in a first direction and a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, and the plurality of photovoltaic elements arranged in the array are arranged. At least one photovoltaic element located at one end of the element in the first direction is connected in parallel with at least one photovoltaic element located inside and outside the element. And Also, the present invention
A side surface in the second direction has a second-direction side reflection surface. Further, the present invention is a photovoltaic power generation system using any of the photovoltaic power generation modules.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. In all the drawings for describing the embodiments, components having the same functions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and repeated description thereof will be omitted. [First Embodiment] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of a schematic configuration of a photovoltaic power generation module according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in the figure, in the present embodiment, a first light collector 7-1 composed of a medium 3 having a cover glass part 4 and a light reflecting surface 2, and a second light collector 7-1 having the same shape as the first light collector 7-1. Concentrator 7-2
And the third light collector 7-3 are arranged in the same direction. That is, each of the light collectors (7-1, 7-2, 7) whose reflection surface 2 has a predetermined inclination angle (α in FIG. 1) with respect to the module light receiving surface 1
-3) is arranged such that the angle between the light receiving surface 1 and the reflecting surface 2 is in the same direction. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 5 denotes a solar power generation element. Thus, in the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent a reduction in the capture rate due to the presence of the cover glass portion 4. In FIG. 1,
Although an example is shown in which the medium 3 having the cover glass portion 4 and the light reflecting surface 2 is integrated, an independent cover glass portion 4 and a triangular medium are used, and the cover glass portion 4 is used. Alternatively, a triangular medium may be attached by an adhesive or by fusion. In addition, the cover glass part 4 is called as such because the material is often made of glass. However, the cover glass part 4 is made of not only glass but also a transparent substrate made of plastic such as acrylic or polycarbonate. I just need. Further, the angle (α in FIG. 1) formed between the reflection surface 2 and the light receiving surface 1 is a value determined by a balance between the sunlight intake rate and the light collection magnification. May be reduced, but the light capture rate decreases. Conversely, if it is not necessary to increase the light collection magnification much, this angle can be increased to increase the light capture rate. However, when the single-sided light receiving type photovoltaic element 5 is used, this angle becomes 4 degrees.
If the angle is set to 5 ° or more, the light condensing effect is reduced, so that this angle needs to be less than 45 °.

The reason why the take-up rate does not decrease in the present embodiment even when the cover glass portion 4 is present will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. FIG. 2 (a) and 3 (a) show each light collector (7-1, 7-2, 7-3)
FIGS. 2B and 3B show a photovoltaic power generation module having a structure in which the angle between the light receiving surface 1 and the reflection surface 2 is oriented in the same direction (hereinafter, referred to as an asymmetric arrangement structure). , A structure in which the first light collector 7-1 and the second light collectors 7-2 and 7-3 having the same shape are arranged in directions symmetric to each other (hereinafter, referred to as a symmetric arrangement structure). )). As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, in the photovoltaic power generation module having the symmetric arrangement structure and the asymmetric arrangement structure in which the cover glass portion 4 does not exist, each of the light collectors (7-
The light 8-1 having an incident angle at which the capturing rate of (1, 7-2, 7-3) becomes high can be captured by the photovoltaic power generator with a high probability. However, as shown in FIG. 3B, in the photovoltaic power generation module having the symmetrical arrangement structure having the cover glass portion 4, light having the same incident angle as the light 8-1 that can be captured in FIG. Since the light 8-2 which cannot be captured out of (8-1, 8-2) is generated, the capturing rate is reduced. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3A, a photovoltaic module having an asymmetric arrangement structure having a cover glass portion 4 (that is, the photovoltaic module of the present embodiment).
Thus, such a decrease in the take-in rate does not occur.

FIG. 4 shows a state of such a decrease in the take-in rate.
Shown in FIG. 4 shows each of the light collectors (7-) for the solar power generation module having the two structures shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b).
1, 7-2), the distance between the upper surface of the reflection surface 2 (that is, the lower surface 6 of the cover glass portion 4) 36 and the light receiving surface 1 (that is, the thickness of the cover glass portion 4; hereinafter, the cover glass thickness) ), Lg, and each light collector (7-1, 7-2, 7-
3) When the distance between the lowermost end of the reflecting surface 2 and the light receiving surface 1 (hereinafter, referred to as module thickness) is Lm,
Cover glass thickness / module thickness (Lg / L)
It is a graph which shows the change of an incorporation rate when changing m). As can be seen from the graph shown in FIG. 4, in the photovoltaic power generation module having the structure shown in FIG. 3B, the cover glass thickness (Lg) is 14 times the module thickness (Lm).
%, The incorporation rate decreases by about 10%, and the cover glass thickness (Lg) is 3 times the module thickness (Lm).
If it is increased to 0%, the uptake rate is reduced by about 20%.

In order to reduce the area of the photovoltaic power generation element 5 by increasing the light condensing magnification and to reduce the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic power generation module, the photovoltaic power generation element 5
It is necessary to consider both the effect that the area is reduced and the cost is reduced, and the effect that the capture rate is reduced and the cost is increased. In order to obtain a sufficient cost reduction effect, the capture rate must be 80% or more. , Preferably 90% or more. For this purpose, cover glass thickness (Lg)
Is 30% or more of the module thickness (Lm),
A photovoltaic module having an asymmetric structure as shown in FIG. 3A (that is, the photovoltaic module of the present embodiment) is effective. Even when the cover glass thickness (Lg) is 30% or less of the module thickness (Lm), the cover glass thickness (Lg) is 14% of the module thickness (Lm).
In the above case, a photovoltaic power generation module having an asymmetric structure as shown in FIG.

The above description is not limited to the photovoltaic power generation module having the structure shown in FIG. 3 (a). For example, the asymmetrical configuration shown in FIG. 5 (a) or FIG. Even in a photovoltaic power generation module, the cover glass thickness (Lg) is 30% or more of the module thickness (Lm),
Desirably, when it is 14% or more, the same effect as described above can be obtained. In the photovoltaic power generation module shown in FIG. 5A, the photovoltaic power generation elements 5 are inclined with respect to the cover glass portion 4, and the respective light collectors (7-1, 7-2, 7-3) are provided.
FIG. 6 (a)
The solar power generation module shown in FIG.
7-3) and each light collector (7-1, 7-
2, 7-3), the reflecting surface 2 is constituted by a linear reflecting surface 2a and an arc-shaped reflecting surface 2b. FIG. 5 or FIG. 6 shows the light collector (7
-1, 7-2, 7-3) are the same, and the photovoltaic modules (FIGS. 5 (b) and 6 (b)) having a symmetrical arrangement are also shown. Further, as shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. 8, even if the shape of the reflecting surface 2 of each light collector (7-1, 7-2, 7-3) or the arrangement of the photovoltaic elements 5 is different. Needless to say, the same effects as described above can be obtained. In the solar power generation module shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the solar power generation element 5 is inclined with respect to the cover glass unit 4 so that each of the light collectors (7-1, 7-2, 7-3) is provided. Attach and each light collector (7-1, 7-2, 7-3)
The reflecting surface 2 is made up of a linear reflecting surface 2a and an arc-shaped reflecting surface 2b.
It is constituted by the following. Further, in the photovoltaic power generation module shown in FIG.
A medium having a linear reflecting surface 2a and an arc-shaped reflecting surface 2b
May be integrated by bonding or the like. That is, the medium 3 may be formed of the same medium, a plurality of materials, or a medium having different refractive indexes. Further, as shown in FIGS. 9A to 9D, the cross-sectional shape of the photovoltaic element 5 is plate-like, circular,
Even with a polygon or the like, the same effects as described above can be obtained. In addition, as shown in FIG. 10, when the cross section shown in each of the above drawings is an XY plane, in order to increase the capturing ratio, unevenness ( Needless to say, the same effect as described above can be obtained also in the structure in which the (groove structure) 37 is formed.

[Embodiment 2] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a photovoltaic power generation module according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 11A is a perspective view, and FIG. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main part along an X-ray shown in FIG. Hereinafter, a method for manufacturing the concentrating solar power generation module according to the present embodiment will be described. First, a tempered glass having a thickness of 3 mm is used as the cover glass portion 4, and a medium 3a made of acrylic having a triangular cross section and a medium 3b made of acrylic having a semicircular cross section are formed on the cover glass portion 4 by using an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer ,
It is simply referred to as EVA. ) To form each light collector. As the photovoltaic power generation element 5, a double-sided light receiving type solar cell made using a crystalline silicon semiconductor was used, and was bonded to the medium 3 using EVA. The reflection surface 2 of the light collector was formed by bonding a sheet-like polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate on which silver was vacuum-deposited to a medium 3 using EVA. In this case, the reflection surface 2 has unevenness (groove structure) 37 in a direction along the Z axis shown in FIG. Next, the medium 3, the photovoltaic element 5, the electrode 11, and the light reflecting surface 2 are covered with a polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) sheet also serving as a lamination sheet.
2 was formed. EVA was also used for bonding this sheet.
Here, the thickness (Lm) of the solar power generation module including the cover glass part 4 was 6 mm. Further, the angle (α in FIG. 1) 13 formed between the reflecting surface 2 and the light receiving surface 1 of the light collector is 25
Degree. The electrode 11 is divided into a positive side and a negative side in the front-rear direction on the paper surface of FIG. 11, and this electrode is connected in parallel between two adjacent sets of photovoltaic elements (solar cells) 5 and further connected to each other. Connected in series. In the photovoltaic power generation module of the present embodiment, almost the same capture rate as the photovoltaic power generation module without the cover glass portion 4 except for the light collector located at the right end in the module could be obtained.

Third Embodiment FIG. 12 is a view showing a schematic configuration of a photovoltaic power generation module according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12A is a perspective view, and FIG. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main part along an X-ray shown in FIG. The concentrating photovoltaic module of the present embodiment is different from the concentrating photovoltaic module of the second embodiment in the shape of the reflecting surface 2 of the condensing body. This is the same as the concentrator photovoltaic power generation module according to the second aspect. The concentrator photovoltaic module of the present embodiment is similar to that of the second embodiment.
It was prepared by the same method as that of the concentrator photovoltaic power generation module. However, since sunlight enters the photovoltaic element 5 only from the light collector side, the photovoltaic element (solar cell)
A single-sided light-receiving type was used as 5, and a first electrode 11 and a second electrode 14 were provided on the front and back surfaces of the photovoltaic element (solar cell) 5, respectively. Light incident on the first electrode is not taken into the solar power generation element 5 and is reflected, and does not contribute to power generation. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
When the electrodes were disposed outside the reflection surface 2, the take-in rate was increased, and the power generation amount was increased. The angle (α in FIG. 1) 13 formed between the reflecting surface 2 and the light receiving surface 1 of the light collector was 22 degrees.
In the present embodiment, the thickness of the cover glass part 4 is 3 m
m, and the thickness of the module was set to 15 mm including the thickness of the cover glass portion 4. Fourth Embodiment FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a photovoltaic power generation module according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 13A shows a photovoltaic power generation module according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the structure seen from the light-receiving surface 1, and FIG.
FIG. 3A is an enlarged view of a portion surrounded by a circle in FIG.

In this embodiment, the structure of the light collector is as follows.
The structure shown in FIG. 12 was used as a basic structure. The photovoltaic elements 5 are arranged in four rows and five columns, and the reflecting surfaces 2 of the light collector are arranged in five columns. As shown in FIG. 13B, the light (8-1, 8-2) incident on the portion 17 where the photovoltaic power generation element 5 does not exist is also provided with the reflection surface 2 of the light collector in this portion. As a result, as shown in FIG. 13B, the light is reflected obliquely upward or obliquely downward in FIG. 13B, so that part of the light incident on this part, for example, light 8-
2 can be incident on the photovoltaic power generation element 5 after being reflected by the reflection surface 2 of the light collector. Also, the reflection surface 2 of the light collector
Then, light reflected obliquely downward in FIG. 13B, for example,
Light 8-1 by placing the column direction side reflection surface 15 in the lower part of FIG 13, it was possible to incorporate this optical 8-1 photovoltaic element 5.

[Fifth Embodiment] FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a photovoltaic power generation module according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view illustrating a main part cross-sectional structure of an example of the power generation module, and FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating a structure of another example of the solar power generation module according to the embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the light receiving surface 1 side. . As shown in FIG. 14A, the light incident on the light receiving surface 1 is reflected by the reflecting surface 2 of the light collector,
Part of the light does not enter the photovoltaic elements 5 in the light collector located in the same row , but enters the photovoltaic elements 5 in the adjacent row or the photovoltaic elements 5 in the adjacent row . In FIG. 14A, reference numeral 18 denotes a row- direction side reflection surface. For example, of the light incident on the light collector 7-1 from the light receiving surface 1, the incident light 8-1 is directed to the solar power generation element 5-2 located on the light collector 7-2, and the incident light 8-2 is transmitted to the solar power generation element 5-2. The incident light 8-3 is applied to the photovoltaic element 5-3 located at the light collector 7-3.
The light is incident on the photovoltaic element 5-4 located at No. 4. For this reason, in the case of a concentrating solar power module with this structure,
With respect to the power generated by the photovoltaic element 5-5 located at the concentrator 7-5 and the photovoltaic element 5-4 located at the concentrator 7-4, the concentrator 7-3 The current generated by the photovoltaic elements (5-3, 5-2, 5-1) located in the light collector 7-2 and the light collector 7-1 in this order becomes smaller. For this reason, when the electric wires of these photovoltaic power generation elements 5-1 are connected in series, the light collector 7 having the least generated current can be obtained.
-1, the current of the entire photovoltaic power generation module 5-1 is limited by the current of the photovoltaic power generation element 5-1.
In order to avoid this, the photovoltaic element 5 located in the condensing body where the generated current is small is not connected to the wiring of the entire concentrating photovoltaic module, By removing from the wiring, the current value that can be used for the entire concentrating solar power generation module can be improved. In this case, the photovoltaic power generation elements 5 without these wirings may not be provided, or dummy photovoltaic power generation elements 5 may be provided for design reasons.

Another means for solving the above problem is shown in FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 14B, the plurality of photovoltaic elements 5
Are arranged, and these are arranged in the column 19 by the wiring (21, 22).
-2, photovoltaic elements 5 located in rows 19-3, respectively
Are connected in parallel with each other, a part of the current generated by the photovoltaic power generation element 5 in the column 19-1 can be partially used.
In addition to the current generated by the photovoltaic power generation elements 5 located in each of the photovoltaic elements 3, the photovoltaic power generation elements located in the rows 19-5 and 19-4 have the generated currents of all the rows except the row 19-1. Since the current can be equal to or more than the current generated in step 5, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the current generated by the concentrating solar power generation module. In the above description, column 19-
1, the case where the currents generated in columns 19-2 and 19-3 are lower than the currents generated in the other columns has been described. Even in the case where the current is smaller than the current generated in the row, the current generated in some rows in the concentrator photovoltaic module is converted into the current generated in the other rows by using the above-described method. With this addition, the power generation current of the entire concentrator photovoltaic module can be kept high. By using the photovoltaic module of each of the embodiments, the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module system can be improved. As described above, the invention made by the inventor has been specifically described based on the embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and can be variously modified without departing from the gist of the invention. Of course, it is.

[0017]

The effects obtained by typical ones of the inventions disclosed in the present application will be briefly described as follows. (1) According to the present invention, even if a transparent substrate is provided on the surface, the sunlight cannot be taken into the photovoltaic power generation module and the sunlight emitted to the outside does not occur. Become. (2) According to the present invention, the current value that can be used in the entire photovoltaic power generation module can be improved. (3) According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the power generation efficiency in the solar power generation module system.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a main part of a schematic configuration of a solar power generation module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the reason why the take-in rate does not decrease even if a cover glass part exists in the solar power generation module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the reason why the take-in rate does not decrease even if a cover glass part exists in the solar power generation module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 shows an uptake rate of 10 when there is no cover glass part.
0%, cover glass thickness / module thickness (Lg
/ Lm) is a graph showing a change in the uptake rate when the ratio is changed.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another example of the light collector used in the solar power generation module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating another example of the light collector used in the solar power generation module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating another example of the light collector used in the solar power generation module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another example of the light collector used in the solar power generation module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another example of a solar power generation element used for the solar power generation module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another example of the reflection surface of the light collector used in the photovoltaic power generation module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a photovoltaic power generation module according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a photovoltaic power generation module according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a photovoltaic power generation module according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention as viewed from a light receiving surface side.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a solar power generation module according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross section of a main part of an example of a conventional solar power generation module.

FIG. 16 is a view for explaining a decrease in light intake rate when a cover glass portion is provided in a conventional solar power generation module.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Module light receiving surface, 2 ... Reflection surface, 2a ... Linear reflection surface, 2b ... Arc-shaped reflection surface, 3 ... Medium, 4 ... Cover glass part, 5 ... Solar power generation element, 6 ... Cover glass part 4 Lower surface, 7: light collector, 8: incident light, 11: first electrode, 1
2: back surface protective layer, 13: inclination angle, 14: second electrode,
15 ... column direction side reflective surface 16 ... line of the light collector, 17 ... length of the portion photovoltaic device is not present, 18 ... row side reflective surface 19 ... row of the light collector, 20 ... frame, 21,
22 ... wiring, 23 ... incident light that cannot be captured, 3
6: a line connecting the upper ends of the reflection surfaces 2, 37: unevenness (groove structure),
41: Upper surface of the cover glass part.

Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Ken Tsutsui 1-280 Higashi-Koikekubo, Kokubunji-shi, Tokyo Inside the Hitachi, Ltd. Central Research Laboratory (72) Inventor Shinichi Muramatsu 1-280 Higashi-Koikekubo, Kokubunji-shi, Tokyo Hitachi, Ltd. In-house (72) Inventor Junko Minemura 1-280 Higashi Koigakubo, Kokubunji-shi, Tokyo Inside the Central Research Laboratory, Hitachi, Ltd. References JP-A-10-221528 (JP, A) JP-A-6-275859 (JP, A) JP-A-6-61519 (JP, A) JP-A-10-270740 (JP, A) JP-A-2 -213173 (JP, A) JP-A-8-276507 (JP, A) JP-A-6-511602 (JP, A) 13th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 23-27 Oct. 1995, p. 1483-1486, "Prototype Photovoltaic Roof Tiles", S.R. Wenham et al. , (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H01L 31/04-31/078

Claims (19)

(57) [Claims] 1. A sun having a cover glass portion having a light receiving surface, a plurality of light collectors having a reflection surface, and a plurality of photovoltaic elements having at least a part of the surface in contact with the light collector. A photovoltaic module, wherein the plurality of light collectors are connected by the cover glass part.
In addition, the refractive index between the cover glass portion and the light collector portion and the outside having the light receiving surface as a boundary is larger in the cover glass portion and the light collector portion, and the incident light of the light collector is captured. The rate is a capture rate for the first incident light from all angles inclined rightward from a normal to the light receiving surface in a cross section including the light receiving surface, the reflection surface, and the photovoltaic element, and a total angle inclined to the left. The capture rate for the second incident light is different from the angle, and the capture rate of the incident light of the plurality of light collectors as a whole is different from the capture rate for the first incident light and the second incident light. The magnitude relationship of the capture rate with respect to is the same as the magnitude relationship of the capture rate of the incident light in the light collector, and when the light receiving surface is disposed above, the thickness of the cover glass portion is From the lowermost end of the reflective surface Until photovoltaic module, wherein the distance is 14% or more of. 2. A sun having a cover glass portion having a light receiving surface, a plurality of light collectors having a reflection surface, and a plurality of photovoltaic elements having at least a part of the surface in contact with the light collector. A photovoltaic module, wherein the plurality of light collectors are connected by the cover glass part.
Ri, wherein said cover glass portion and the condenser portion bounded by said light receiving surface, the refractive index with the outside, it is largely the cover glass portion and the condenser portion, and said light receiving surface and the reflective surface The optical path after the incidence of the two incident lights that are symmetrically and equally incident on two points equidistant from any point on the light receiving surface in the cross section including the photovoltaic element is asymmetric with respect to the arbitrary point, And, the plurality of light collectors are arranged so that the asymmetric tendency coincides with each other, and when the light receiving surface is arranged upward, the thickness of the cover glass portion is the maximum of the reflection surface of the light collector. A photovoltaic module, wherein the distance is at least 14% of a distance from a lower end to the light receiving surface. 3. A sun having a cover glass portion having a light receiving surface, a plurality of light collectors having a reflection surface, and a plurality of photovoltaic elements having at least a part of the surface in contact with the light collector. The photovoltaic module, wherein the cover glass portion and the light collector portion having the light receiving surface as a boundary and the outside have a larger refractive index than the cover glass portion and the light collector portion. The light collector is connected in a state where the boundary surface with the cover glass portion is connected, and two light beams which are symmetrically incident at equal distances from any point on the light receiving surface to two points equidistant in the direction of the connection. The optical path after the incidence of the incident light is asymmetric with respect to the arbitrary point, and when the light receiving surface is disposed above, the thickness of the cover glass portion is from the lowermost end of the reflection surface of the light collector. 14% or more of the distance to the light receiving surface And solar power module. 4. A sun having a cover glass portion having a light receiving surface, a plurality of light collectors having a reflection surface, and a plurality of photovoltaic elements having at least a part of the surface in contact with the light collector. A photovoltaic module, wherein the plurality of light collectors are connected by the cover glass part.
Ri, wherein said cover glass portion and the condenser portion bounded by said light receiving surface, the refractive index with the outside, it is largely the cover glass portion and the condenser portion, and said light receiving surface and the reflective surface In the cross section including the photovoltaic power generation element, the angle formed by the linear portion between the light receiving surface and the reflection surface is less than 45 °, and the photovoltaic power generation element is defined as a side of the light receiving surface in the cross section that forms the angle. The plurality of light collectors are arranged to be offset on the opposite side, and the plurality of light collectors are arranged so that the angles and the photovoltaic elements are alternately arranged. When the light receiving surface is arranged upward, the cover glass portion Wherein the thickness of the photovoltaic module is 14% or more of the distance from the lowermost end of the reflection surface of the light collector to the light receiving surface. 5. A sun having a cover glass portion having a light receiving surface, a plurality of light collectors having a reflection surface, and a plurality of photovoltaic elements having at least a part of the surface in contact with the light collector. A photovoltaic module, wherein the plurality of light collectors are connected by the cover glass part.
In addition, the refractive index between the cover glass portion and the light collector portion and the outside having the light receiving surface as a boundary is larger in the cover glass portion and the light collector portion, and the incident light of the light collector is captured. The rate is a capture rate for the first incident light from all angles inclined rightward from a normal to the light receiving surface in a cross section including the light receiving surface, the reflection surface, and the photovoltaic element, and a total angle inclined to the left. The capture rate for the second incident light is different from the angle, and the capture rate of the incident light of the plurality of light collectors as a whole is different from the capture rate for the first incident light and the second incident light. The magnitude relationship of the capture rate with respect to is the same as the magnitude relationship of the capture rate of the incident light in the light collector, and when the light receiving surface is disposed above, the thickness of the cover glass portion is From the lowermost end of the reflective surface Photovoltaic module, characterized in that at least 30% of the distance to. 6. A sun having a cover glass portion having a light receiving surface, a plurality of light collectors having a reflection surface, and a plurality of photovoltaic elements having at least a part of a surface thereof in contact with the light collector. A photovoltaic module, wherein the plurality of light collectors are connected by the cover glass part.
Ri, wherein said cover glass portion and the condenser portion bounded by said light receiving surface, the refractive index with the outside, it is largely the cover glass portion and the condenser portion, and said light receiving surface and the reflective surface The optical path after the incidence of the two incident lights that are symmetrically and equally incident on two points equidistant from any point on the light receiving surface in the cross section including the photovoltaic element is asymmetric with respect to the arbitrary point, And, the plurality of light collectors are arranged so that the asymmetric tendency coincides with each other, and when the light receiving surface is arranged upward, the thickness of the cover glass portion is the maximum of the reflection surface of the light collector. A photovoltaic module, wherein the distance is at least 30% of a distance from a lower end to the light receiving surface. 7. A sun having a cover glass portion having a light receiving surface, a plurality of light collectors having a reflection surface, and a plurality of photovoltaic elements having at least a part of the surface in contact with the light collector. The photovoltaic module, wherein the cover glass portion and the light collector portion having the light receiving surface as a boundary and the outside have a larger refractive index than the cover glass portion and the light collector portion. The light collector is connected in a state where the boundary surface with the cover glass portion is connected, and two light beams which are symmetrically incident at equal distances from any point on the light receiving surface to two points equidistant in the direction of the connection. The optical path after the incidence of the incident light is asymmetric with respect to the arbitrary point, and when the light receiving surface is disposed above, the thickness of the cover glass portion is from the lowermost end of the reflection surface of the light collector. 30% or more of the distance to the light receiving surface. And solar power module. 8. A sun having a cover glass part having a light receiving surface, a plurality of light collectors having a reflection surface, and a plurality of photovoltaic elements having at least a part of the surface in contact with the light collector. A photovoltaic module, wherein the plurality of light collectors are connected by the cover glass part.
Ri, wherein said cover glass portion and the condenser portion bounded by said light receiving surface, the refractive index with the outside, it is largely the cover glass portion and the condenser portion, and said light receiving surface and the reflective surface In the cross section including the photovoltaic power generation element, the angle formed by the linear portion between the light receiving surface and the reflection surface is less than 45 °, and the photovoltaic power generation element is defined as a side of the light receiving surface in the cross section that forms the angle. The plurality of light collectors are arranged to be offset on the opposite side, and the plurality of light collectors are arranged so that the angles and the photovoltaic elements are alternately arranged. When the light receiving surface is arranged upward, the cover glass portion Wherein the thickness of the photovoltaic module is 30% or more of the distance from the lowermost end of the reflection surface of the light collector to the light receiving surface. 9. The light collector according to claim 1, wherein the reflection surface of the light collector has a linear reflection surface having a predetermined inclination angle with respect to the light receiving surface. The solar power module as described. 10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 9, wherein the photovoltaic element is arranged on a plane parallel to the light receiving surface. 11. The photovoltaic power generation module according to claim 9, wherein the photovoltaic power generation element is arranged to be inclined with respect to the light receiving surface. 12. The plurality of light collectors and the plurality of photovoltaic elements are arranged in parallel to a first direction, and the plurality of light collectors are arranged in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic element is provided so as to extend to a portion outside both ends of the photovoltaic power generation element.
The solar power generation module according to any one of claims 11 to 11. 13. The plurality of photovoltaic elements arranged in an array in a first direction and a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, wherein the plurality of photovoltaic elements are arranged in an array. The photovoltaic module according to claim 12, wherein the power generated by the photovoltaic element located at one end in the first direction is not used. 14. The plurality of photovoltaic elements arranged in an array in a first direction and a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, wherein the plurality of photovoltaic elements are arranged in an array. Wherein at least one photovoltaic element located at one end in the first direction is connected in parallel with at least one photovoltaic element located inside and outside thereof. The photovoltaic module according to claim 12. 15. The photovoltaic power generation module according to claim 12, wherein a side face in the second direction has a side face reflecting surface in a second direction. 16. The solar power generation module according to claim 1, wherein the light collectors are formed of the same medium. 17. The photovoltaic power generation module according to claim 1, wherein the light collector comprises a plurality of media. 18. The light-collecting body and the cover glass part are independent of each other, and the light-collecting body is adhered and attached to the cover glass part. Claim 1 to Claim 1
The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 7 to 10. 19. A photovoltaic power generation system using the photovoltaic power generation module according to any one of claims 1 to 18.