JP3151948B2 - Rolling sliding parts - Google Patents
Rolling sliding partsInfo
- Publication number
- JP3151948B2 JP3151948B2 JP21656292A JP21656292A JP3151948B2 JP 3151948 B2 JP3151948 B2 JP 3151948B2 JP 21656292 A JP21656292 A JP 21656292A JP 21656292 A JP21656292 A JP 21656292A JP 3151948 B2 JP3151948 B2 JP 3151948B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- rolling
- residual stress
- hardness
- surface layer
- rolling sliding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明に係る転がり摺動部品
は、例えばエンジンの動弁機構を構成するカムフォロア
の外輪として利用する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A rolling sliding part according to the present invention is used, for example, as an outer ring of a cam follower constituting a valve train of an engine.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】エンジンのクランクシャフトと共に回転
するカムシャフトに固定のカムの動きをバルブに伝達す
る為の動弁機構にカムフォロアを組み込み、この動弁機
構の運転時に於ける摩擦を滑り摩擦から転がり摩擦に変
える事で、当該部分の摩擦損失を低く抑える事が、近年
広く行なわれる様になっている。又、この様なカムフォ
ロアに使用される外輪の様に、使用時に於いて相手部品
と転がり接触若しくは滑り接触する、転がり摺動部品の
表面の耐久性を向上させる為に、従来から表面性状の改
良に関する各種発明が知られている。2. Description of the Related Art A cam follower is incorporated in a valve mechanism for transmitting the movement of a cam fixed to a camshaft that rotates together with the crankshaft of an engine to a valve, and the friction during operation of the valve mechanism is reduced from sliding friction. In recent years, it has been widely practiced to reduce the friction loss of the portion by changing to friction. In addition, to improve the durability of the surface of rolling and sliding parts, such as the outer ring used in such a cam follower, which comes into rolling or sliding contact with the mating part during use, the surface properties have been improved. Various inventions are known.
【０００３】例えば特公平１−３０００８号公報には、
転動面の表面にＲmax が０．３〜１．５μｍでランダム
方向の擦傷を形成すると共に、表層部に５０kgf/mm2 以
上の残留応力層を形成した軸受転動体に関する発明が記
載されている。For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-30008 discloses that
On the surface of the rolling surface with R max form a random direction scratches at 0.3 to 1.5 .mu.m, it describes an invention relating to the bearing rolling elements to form a 50 kgf / mm 2 or more residual stress layer in the surface portion I have.
【０００４】又、特開平３−１１７７２３〜５号公報に
は、バレル加工により表面に多数の凹みをランダムに形
成し、表層部の硬度を内部の硬度に比べて高くすると共
に、表層部に圧縮残留応力を生じさせる発明が記載され
ている。In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-117723-5, a large number of depressions are randomly formed on the surface by barrel processing, so that the hardness of the surface layer is made higher than the internal hardness and the surface layer is compressed. Inventions that produce residual stress are described.
【０００５】又、特開平３−１９９７１６号公報には、
相手部材と接触する表面に表面硬化処理層を設けると共
に、圧縮残留応力のピーク値の深さと、剪断応力分布の
ピーク値の深さとを一致させた軸受が記載されている。Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 3-199716 discloses that
A bearing is described in which a surface hardened layer is provided on a surface in contact with a mating member, and the depth of the peak value of the compressive residual stress matches the depth of the peak value of the shear stress distribution.
【０００６】又、特開平４−５４３１２号公報には、シ
ョット・ピーニング加工により、圧縮残留応力を表面部
分で１００kgf/mm2 以上とし、表面下３００μｍの部分
で４０kgf/mm2 以上とした軸受部品に関する発明が記載
されている。[0006] Also, JP-A-4-54312, by shot peening, the compressive residual stress and 100 kgf / mm 2 or more in the surface portion, bearing component was 40 kgf / mm 2 or more at a portion of the subsurface 300μm An invention is described.
【０００７】更に、特公平２−１７６０７号公報には、
金属成品の表面に、成品硬度と同等以上の硬度を有す
る、４０〜２００μｍのショットを、噴射速度１００m/
sec 以上で噴射し、表面付近の温度をＡ3 変態点以上に
上昇させる、表面加工処理法に関する発明が記載されて
いる。Further, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-17607 discloses that
On the surface of the metal product, a shot of 40 to 200 μm having a hardness equal to or higher than the product hardness is injected at an injection speed of 100 m /
injected above sec, increasing the temperature in the vicinity of the surface than A 3 transformation point, the invention has been described for surface processing method.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記従来から知られた
発明の場合、使用条件によっては優れた耐久性を得られ
るが、本発明が対象としている様な、不十分な潤滑条件
の下で使用され、対向する他の部品と転がり接触若しく
は滑り接触する転がり摺動部品に使用した場合、必ずし
も十分な耐久性を得られない場合がある。In the case of the above-described conventional invention, excellent durability can be obtained depending on the use conditions, but the use under insufficient lubrication conditions as the object of the present invention is aimed at. When used for a rolling sliding component that is in rolling contact or sliding contact with another facing component, sufficient durability may not always be obtained.
【０００９】例えばカムフォロアを構成し、エンジンの
運転時にカムの外周面と滑りながら転がり接触する外輪
の場合、ピーリングの発生により寿命が短くなる場合が
ある。即ち、ＯＨＣ型、ＤＯＨＣ型エンジンの様に、動
弁機構がエンジン上部に存在する場合、この動弁機構へ
の潤滑油の供給が必ずしも十分に行なわれず、運転時に
於ける潤滑条件が厳しくなる。この様な条件の下で、上
記外輪の外径面とカムの外周面とが、滑りながら転がり
接触した場合、この外径面に、深さが２〜１０μｍのピ
ーリングが発生し、外輪の寿命が短くなってしまう。For example, in the case of an outer ring that forms a cam follower and that comes into rolling contact with the outer peripheral surface of the cam during operation of the engine, the life may be shortened due to the occurrence of peeling. That is, when the valve operating mechanism is located above the engine, as in the case of an OHC type or DOHC type engine, the supply of the lubricating oil to the valve operating mechanism is not always sufficient, and the lubrication conditions during operation become severe. Under such conditions, when the outer diameter surface of the outer ring and the outer circumference surface of the cam come into rolling contact with each other while sliding, peeling having a depth of 2 to 10 μm occurs on the outer diameter surface, and the life of the outer ring is reduced. Becomes shorter.
【００１０】そして、上記従来技術の内、特開平４−５
４３１２号公報に記載されたものは、潤滑条件が厳しい
と、摩擦条件を問わず、耐ピーリング性が不十分とな
る。又、特開平３−１９９７１６号公報に記載されたも
のは、摩擦条件が転がり摩擦だけの場合には特に問題が
ないが、滑り摩擦が生じた場合には耐ピーリング性が不
良となる。又、特公平１−３０００８号公報、特開平３
−１１７７２３〜５号公報に記載されたものも、潤滑条
件が厳しく、接触部の荷重が大きい等、使用条件が厳し
くなると、やはり耐ピーリング性が不十分となる。又、
特公平２−１７６０７号公報に記載されたものも、その
ままではやはり十分な耐ピーリング性を得る事は出来な
い。[0010] Of the above prior art, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
No. 4312, when the lubrication conditions are severe, the peeling resistance becomes insufficient regardless of the friction conditions. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-199716 has no particular problem when the friction condition is only rolling friction. However, when sliding friction occurs, the peeling resistance becomes poor. Also, Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei.
Also, those described in JP-A-117723-5 have inferior peeling resistance under severe operating conditions such as severe lubrication conditions and a large load at the contact portion. or,
Even what is described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 17607/1990 cannot obtain sufficient peeling resistance as it is.
【００１１】更に、前記各公報の他に、特開昭５２−１
７５２５号公報、同５６−１５０６２２号公報、特公昭
６３−４４５０５号公報には、微小粒径のショットを高
速で被加工面に噴射する加工法、若しくは加工物に関す
る発明が記載されている。但し、これら各公報の何れに
も、十分な耐ピーリング性を有する転がり摺動部品を得
られる技術は記載されていない。Further, in addition to the above publications,
JP-A-7525, JP-A-56-150622 and JP-B-63-44505 disclose inventions relating to a processing method or a workpiece in which a shot having a small particle diameter is jetted onto a surface to be processed at high speed. However, none of these publications describes a technique for obtaining a rolling sliding component having sufficient peeling resistance.
【００１２】一方、本発明者等は先に、表面からの深さ
が０〜５０μｍの範囲を表層部とした場合に、この表層
部の最大圧縮残留応力が５０〜１１０kgf/mm2 であり、
同じく表層部の硬度がHv８３０〜Hv９６０であり、表面
粗さの平均波長が２５μｍ以下であり、且つ上記表層部
の残留オーステナイトの割合が７容量％を越える事を特
徴とした、転がり摺動部品に関する発明を行なった（特
願平４−１１３１９６号）。On the other hand, the present inventors have previously determined that the surface layer portion has a maximum compressive residual stress of 50 to 110 kgf / mm 2 when the depth from the surface is 0 to 50 μm.
Similarly, a rolling sliding part characterized in that the surface layer has a hardness of Hv830 to Hv960, the average wavelength of the surface roughness is 25 μm or less, and the ratio of the retained austenite in the surface layer exceeds 7% by volume. The present invention was made (Japanese Patent Application No. 4-113196).
【００１３】この先発明に係る転がり摺動部品の場合、
前記各公報に記載された発明の場合に比べて優れた耐ピ
ーリング性を有するが、極めて厳しい潤滑条件の下で
は、ピーリングの発生を皆無にする事は難しい。In the case of the rolling sliding part according to the invention,
Although it has excellent peeling resistance as compared with the inventions described in the above publications, it is difficult to eliminate the occurrence of peeling under extremely severe lubrication conditions.
【００１４】本発明の転がり摺動部品は、上述の様な事
情に鑑みて発明されたもので、厳しい潤滑条件の下で
も、十分な耐ピーリング性を発揮するものである。The rolling sliding component of the present invention has been developed in view of the above-described circumstances, and exhibits sufficient peeling resistance even under severe lubrication conditions.
【００１５】[0015]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の転がり摺動部品
は、対向する他の部品と転がり接触若しくは滑り接触す
る状態で使用される。特に、本発明の転がり摺動部品に
於いては、表面からの深さが０〜５０μｍの範囲を表層
部とした場合に、この表層部の最大圧縮残留応力が５０
〜１１０kgf/mm2 であり、同じく表層部の硬度がHv８３
０〜Hv９６０であり、表層部の残留オーステナイトの割
合が７容量％以上であり、表面に微細で連続的な凹凸が
形成されており、この凹凸を構成する凹部の面積が表面
積全体に占める割合を８０％と仮定した場合に於ける、
上記凹凸を構成する凸部の真円換算径が１５μｍ以下で
ある事を特徴としている。The rolling sliding component of the present invention is used in a state of rolling contact or sliding contact with another facing component. In particular, in the rolling sliding component of the present invention, when the depth from the surface is in the range of 0 to 50 μm, the maximum compressive residual stress of the surface layer is 50 μm.
A ~110kgf / mm 2, also the hardness of the surface layer portion Hv83
0 to Hv960, the ratio of retained austenite in the surface layer portion is 7% by volume or more, and fine and continuous irregularities are formed on the surface. The ratio of the area of the recesses constituting the irregularities to the entire surface area is as follows. Assuming 80%,
It is characterized in that the rounded diameter of the projections constituting the irregularities is 15 μm or less.
【００１６】尚、凹凸を構成する凹部の面積が表面積全
体に占める割合を８０％と仮定した場合に於ける、上記
凹凸を構成する凸部の真円換算径が１５μｍ以下である
とは、次の様な概念である。即ち、表面の粗さ曲線は例
えば図３に示す様に表わされるが、表面と平行な仮想の
直線ａを考えて、この直線ａよりも下を凹部１、１と
し、上を凸部２、２とする。そして、多数の凹部１、１
の開口面積の合計が、当該凹部１、１が存在する表面全
体の面積の８０％となる位置に、上記直線ａを設定した
と仮定して、この直線ａよりも上に存在する凸部２、２
の真円換算径を１５μｍ以下となる様に、上記粗さ曲線
で表わされる表面の凹凸を規制する。It is to be noted that, assuming that the ratio of the area of the concave portion forming the unevenness to the entire surface area is 80%, the diameter of the convex portion forming the unevenness in terms of a perfect circle is 15 μm or less. It is a concept like That is, the surface roughness curve is represented, for example, as shown in FIG. 3. Considering a virtual straight line a parallel to the surface, the concave portions 1 and 1 below the straight line a and the convex portions 2 above the straight line a are shown. Let it be 2. And a large number of recesses 1, 1
Is assumed to be 80% of the area of the entire surface where the concave portions 1 and 1 exist, and the convex portion 2 existing above the straight line a is assumed. , 2
Of the surface represented by the above-mentioned roughness curve is regulated so that the true circle-converted diameter becomes 15 μm or less.
【００１７】[0017]
【作用】本発明の転がり摺動部品の場合、深さが２〜１
０μｍ程度のピーリングの発生を有効に防止して、耐久
性を向上させる事が出来る。In the case of the rolling sliding part of the present invention, the depth is 2-1.
The generation of peeling of about 0 μm can be effectively prevented, and the durability can be improved.
【００１８】更に詳しく説明すると、ピーリングの発生
を防止する為には、厳しい潤滑条件の下で使用した場合
でも接触部分に油膜切れが発生しない様にし、仮に油膜
切れが発生した場合でも、短時間であればピーリング発
生に結び付かない様にする事が必要である。即ち、接触
部分に油膜切れが発生した場合には、接触面同士が直接
接触（金属接触）し、転がり摺動部品に加わる荷重の殆
どは、相手部品の表面と接触した、少数の微小突起（凸
部）により支える事になって、各微小突起には大きな応
力が集中すると共に接線力が加わる。More specifically, in order to prevent the occurrence of peeling, oil film breakage is prevented from occurring at the contact portion even when used under severe lubrication conditions. In such a case, it is necessary to prevent the occurrence of peeling. That is, when the oil film breaks in the contact portion, the contact surfaces come into direct contact with each other (metal contact), and most of the load applied to the rolling sliding component comes in contact with the surface of the mating component. (A convex portion), a large stress is concentrated on each minute projection, and a tangential force is applied.
【００１９】そして、この応力集中と接線力とに基づい
て、上記転がり摺動部品表面に微小なクラックが発生
し、このクラックが進展してピーリングとなる。単に摩
耗を防止する為には、部品表面の硬度を高くすれば良い
が、徒に硬度を高くすると、応力集中に基づいて、ピー
リングに結び付くクラックが発生し易くなる。Then, based on the stress concentration and the tangential force, minute cracks are generated on the surface of the rolling sliding component, and the cracks develop and peel. In order to simply prevent wear, it is sufficient to increase the hardness of the surface of the component. However, if the hardness is increased, cracks associated with peeling are likely to occur due to stress concentration.
【００２０】本発明の転がり摺動部品の場合、表面に油
膜を形成させ易くする事で、潤滑条件が厳しい場合にも
油膜切れを発生し難くすると共に、仮に油膜切れが発生
した場合にも、短時間であればピーリングに結び付く様
なクラックが発生しない様に出来る。In the case of the rolling sliding part of the present invention, by easily forming an oil film on the surface, the oil film is less likely to be broken even under severe lubrication conditions. In a short time, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of cracks which may lead to peeling.
【００２１】即ち、本発明の転がり摺動部品の場合、表
面に微細で連続的な凹凸が形成されている為、厳しい潤
滑条件の下でも、接触面部分に効果的な油膜形成を行な
う事が出来て、油膜切れの発生を抑える事が出来る。
又、上記凹凸を構成する凹部の面積が表面積全体に占め
る割合を８０％と仮定した場合に於ける、上記凹凸を構
成する凸部の真円換算径を１５μｍ以下としたので、上
記油膜形成を効率化すると同時に、相手部品の表面と接
触する微小突起である凸部の数を多くして、各凸部に加
わる荷重を低減し、耐ピーリング性の向上を図れる。That is, in the case of the rolling sliding part of the present invention, since fine and continuous irregularities are formed on the surface, an effective oil film can be formed on the contact surface even under severe lubrication conditions. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of oil film breakage.
In addition, when the ratio of the area of the concave portion forming the unevenness to the entire surface area is assumed to be 80%, the diameter of the convex portion forming the unevenness in terms of perfect circle is set to 15 μm or less. At the same time as increasing the efficiency, the number of projections, which are minute projections, that come into contact with the surface of the mating component is increased, the load applied to each projection is reduced, and the peeling resistance can be improved.
【００２２】即ち、上記凸部の真円換算径が１５μｍを
上回った場合、単位面積あたりの凸部及び凹部の数が少
なくなって、転がり摺動部品表面に形成される油膜が不
均一となり易いだけでなく、相手部品からの荷重を少な
い凸部で受ける事になり、この凸部にピーリングに結び
付くクラックが発生し易くなる。そこで、本発明の転が
り摺動部品の場合、上述の様に、凹凸を構成する凸部の
真円換算径を１５μｍ以下に限定した。That is, when the diameter of the convex portion in terms of a perfect circle exceeds 15 μm, the number of convex portions and concave portions per unit area decreases, and the oil film formed on the surface of the rolling sliding component tends to be non-uniform. In addition to this, the load from the mating component is received by the small projections, and cracks are likely to occur in the projections, which are linked to peeling. Therefore, in the case of the rolling sliding component of the present invention, as described above, the diameter of the convex portion constituting the concavo-convex portion is limited to 15 μm or less.
【００２３】又、表層部の硬度をHv８３０〜Hv９６０の
範囲に規制したので、仮に前記接触部分に油膜切れが生
じた場合でも、短時間であれば、摩耗を抑えつつ、ピー
リングに結び付くクラックの発生を防止出来る。上記硬
度がHv８３０未満の場合、クラックは発生しない代わり
に摩耗が著しくなり、反対に硬度がHv９６０を越えた場
合には、摩耗が抑えられる代わりにクラックが発生し易
くなって、何れにしても寿命の低下を来す。Further, since the hardness of the surface layer is restricted to the range of Hv 830 to Hv 960, even if the oil film breaks at the contact portion, it is possible to suppress the abrasion and generate the cracks leading to the peeling in a short time, even if it is short. Can be prevented. When the hardness is less than Hv 830, cracks do not occur but wear becomes remarkable. On the contrary, when the hardness exceeds Hv 960, cracks are easily generated instead of suppressing wear, and in any case, the life becomes longer. Comes down.
【００２４】又、最大圧縮残留応力を大きくする事は、
仮にクラックが発生した場合でも、このクラックがそれ
以上進展するのを防止し、クラックがピーリングに結び
付かない様にする為に重要である。但し、転がり摺動部
品の表面に、最大圧縮残留応力が１１０kgf/mm2 を越え
る様な加工を施した場合には、この表面の硬度がHv９６
０を越えてしまう為、最大圧縮残留応力の最大値を１１
０kgf/mm2 とした。反対に、最大圧縮残留応力が５０kg
f/mm2 未満の場合は、クラックの進展を防止する効果が
小さ過ぎる為、最大圧縮残留応力の最小値を５０kgf/mm
2 とした。In order to increase the maximum compressive residual stress,
Even if a crack occurs, it is important to prevent the crack from further developing and prevent the crack from being linked to peeling. However, if the surface of the rolling sliding part is processed so that the maximum compressive residual stress exceeds 110 kgf / mm 2 , the hardness of this surface becomes Hv96.
0, the maximum value of the maximum compressive residual stress is set to 11
It was set to 0 kgf / mm 2 . Conversely, the maximum compressive residual stress is 50kg
If it is less than f / mm 2 , the effect of preventing crack propagation is too small, so the minimum value of the maximum compressive residual stress should be 50 kgf / mm
And 2 .
【００２５】更に、延性を有するオーステナイトが多く
残留していた場合には、クラックの発生防止効果を期待
出来るが、残留率が７容量％以下の場合には、クラック
発生防止の効果をあまり期待出来ない。又、上記最大圧
縮残留応力及び硬度の値を、それぞれ前記した範囲に納
める為にも、オーステナイトの残留率を７容量％を越え
る値とする事が必要である。Further, when a large amount of ductile austenite remains, the effect of preventing the occurrence of cracks can be expected, but when the residual ratio is 7% by volume or less, the effect of preventing the occurrence of cracks can be expected too much. Absent. Further, in order to keep the values of the maximum compressive residual stress and the hardness in the above-mentioned ranges, it is necessary to set the residual ratio of austenite to a value exceeding 7% by volume.
【００２６】即ち、表層部の最大圧縮残留応力と硬度と
が、それぞれ上限値、即ち１１０kgf/mm2 、Hv９６０を
越えない様にする為の十分条件として、加工に伴なうオ
ーステナイトの分解率（加工に伴なってオーステナイト
が減少する割合）を３０％以下に抑える事がある。一
方、表面加工前に於いて、SUJ2等の軸受鋼中に含まれる
オーステナイトの割合は、１１容量％程度である。従っ
て、最大圧縮残留応力と硬度とが上限値を越えない様に
する為には、加工後に於けるオーステナイトの割合が７
容量％を越える事が必要である。尚、ショット・ピーニ
ングによる加工が弱過ぎた場合、最大圧縮残留応力と硬
度とが、それぞれ下限値、即ち、５０kgf/mm2 、Hv８３
０に達しない。That is, as a sufficient condition that the maximum compressive residual stress and the hardness of the surface layer do not exceed the upper limit values, ie, 110 kgf / mm 2 and Hv 960, the decomposition rate of austenite accompanying the processing ( (A rate at which austenite decreases with processing) may be suppressed to 30% or less. On the other hand, before surface processing, the ratio of austenite contained in bearing steel such as SUJ2 is about 11% by volume. Therefore, in order to prevent the maximum compressive residual stress and the hardness from exceeding the upper limit values, the ratio of austenite after processing should be 7%.
It is necessary to exceed the capacity%. When the processing by shot peening is too weak, the maximum compressive residual stress and the hardness are respectively lower limit values, that is, 50 kgf / mm 2 , Hv83
Does not reach zero.
【００２７】[0027]
【実施例】次に、本発明の転がり摺動部品を造る為に、
表面を所定の性状に加工する方法の１例と、本発明の効
果を確認する為に、本発明者が行なった実験とに就いて
説明する。Next, in order to manufacture the rolling sliding part of the present invention,
An example of a method of processing a surface into a predetermined property and an experiment performed by the present inventor to confirm the effect of the present invention will be described.
【００２８】実験を行なうに関して、下表に示す様に、
５種類の本発明品と７種類の比較品との、合計１２種類
の試験片を用意した。試験片の素材は何れも軸受鋼（SU
J2）であり、表面に所望の処理を施すのに先立って、通
常行なうのと同様の焼き入れ（８００〜８５０℃で加熱
後、油冷）、焼き戻し処理（１５０〜２００℃）を行な
った。試験片の大きさは、外径が２０mm、内径が１３m
m、厚さが８mmの短円筒状とした。With respect to conducting the experiment, as shown in the table below,
A total of 12 types of test pieces were prepared, including 5 types of the present invention and 7 types of comparative products. All test piece materials are bearing steel (SU
J2), prior to subjecting the surface to the desired treatment, quenching (heating at 800 to 850 ° C. and oil cooling) and tempering (150 to 200 ° C.) were performed as usual. . The size of the test piece is 20 mm outside diameter and 13 m inside diameter
m and a short cylindrical shape having a thickness of 8 mm.
【００２９】[0029]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００３０】比較品に属する試験片８は、表面を研磨用
のクロスで研磨する事で磨いたのみで、表面を硬化させ
る為のショット・ピーニング加工を施していない。又、
比較品と本発明品とに属する、試験片１〜７、９〜１２
の１１種類の試験片に就いては何れも、特開平４−５４
３１２号公報に記載されている発明の場合と同様に、図
１に示す様な装置を用いてショット・ピーニング加工を
施す事で、表面を硬化させ、表層部に大きな圧縮残留応
力を発生させた。The test piece 8 belonging to the comparative product was polished only by polishing the surface with a polishing cloth, but was not subjected to shot peening for hardening the surface. or,
Test pieces 1 to 7, 9 to 12 belonging to the comparative product and the product of the present invention
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-54
As in the case of the invention described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 312, shot peening was performed using an apparatus as shown in FIG. 1 to harden the surface and generate a large compressive residual stress in the surface layer. .
【００３１】図１に示したショット・ピーニング装置の
構造と作用とに就いて簡単に説明すると、ホッパ３から
加圧タンク４内に投入された微細なショット粒５は、給
気管６からこの加圧タンク４内に送り込まれる圧縮空気
に押されてミキサ７内に押し込まれる。そして、分岐管
８を通じてこのミキサ７に送られる圧縮空気に押されて
ノズル９に送られ、このノズル９から被加工面に向けて
勢い良く吹き付けられる。この結果、被加工面が硬化
し、この被加工面に圧縮残留応力が生じると共に、この
被加工面に微小な凹凸が形成される。The structure and operation of the shot peening apparatus shown in FIG. 1 will be briefly described. Fine shot grains 5 charged into a pressurizing tank 4 from a hopper 3 It is pushed by the compressed air sent into the pressure tank 4 and pushed into the mixer 7. Then, the air is pushed to the nozzle 9 by the compressed air sent to the mixer 7 through the branch pipe 8, and is blown from the nozzle 9 toward the surface to be processed. As a result, the work surface is hardened, a compressive residual stress is generated on the work surface, and minute unevenness is formed on the work surface.
【００３２】尚、ショット粒５としては、試験片１〜
７、９〜１２の何れに就いても、平均粒径が０．０３〜
０．７mmのアルミナ粒を使用した。又、ショット粒５の
投射速度（ノズル９から噴出するショット粒５の初速
度）は、３２〜１８０m/sec とした。この投射速度の調
整は、上記分岐管８の途中に設けた調整弁１０の開度を
調整する事で行ない、この投射速度の調整に基づき、各
試験片１〜７、９〜１２の表面に生じる圧縮残留応力、
硬度及び残留オーステナイト量の調整を行なった。The shot grains 5 include test pieces 1 to
Regarding any of 7, 9 to 12, the average particle size is 0.03 to
0.7 mm alumina particles were used. The projection speed of the shot particles 5 (the initial speed of the shot particles 5 ejected from the nozzle 9) was set to 32 to 180 m / sec. The adjustment of the projection speed is performed by adjusting the opening of the adjusting valve 10 provided in the middle of the branch pipe 8, and based on the adjustment of the projection speed, the surface of each of the test pieces 1 to 7, 9 to 12 is adjusted. The resulting compressive residual stress,
The hardness and the amount of retained austenite were adjusted.
【００３３】更に、本発明品である、試験片１〜５に就
いては、上記アルミナ粒によるショット・ピーニング加
工を行なった後、（比重が小さく、粒径が小さい事によ
り）アルミナ粒に比較して軽量なショット粒であるガラ
スビーズを使用して、第二段階のショット・ピーニング
加工を行なった。この第二段階に於けるショット・ピー
ニング加工に使用したショット粒の平均粒径は、０．０
５mm以下とした。Further, the test pieces 1 to 5 of the present invention were subjected to shot peening with the above alumina particles, and then compared with alumina particles (because of their small specific gravity and small particle size). The second stage shot peening was performed using glass beads, which are lightweight shot grains. The average grain size of the shot grains used in the shot peening in the second stage is 0.0
It was 5 mm or less.
【００３４】この様に、軽量なショット粒を使用して、
第二段階のショット・ピーニング加工を行なうのは、表
層部の硬度と圧縮残留応力と残留オーステナイト量とを
変える事なく、表面形状のみを変える（真円換算径が１
５μｍ以下である微小な凹凸を付加する）為である。As described above, using lightweight shot grains,
The second stage of the shot peening process is to change only the surface shape without changing the hardness of the surface layer, the compressive residual stress, and the amount of retained austenite (the diameter of the circular equivalent is 1).
This is because minute irregularities of 5 μm or less are added.
【００３５】ショット・ピーニング加工は、一度に８個
ずつ行ない、表層部の硬度、表層部の残留応力、表層部
の残留オーステナイト量、凹部の面積率及び凸部の真円
換算径の総てに就いて、ほぼ同じ試験片を８個ずつ作成
した。この様にして得られた１２種類８個ずつ、合計９
６個の試験片１〜１２の総てに就いて、図２に示す様な
試験装置による耐久試験を行なった。The shot peening process is performed eight times at a time, and the hardness of the surface portion, the residual stress of the surface portion, the amount of residual austenite in the surface portion, the area ratio of the concave portion, and the equivalent circular diameter of the convex portion are all determined. Then, almost the same eight test pieces were prepared. 8 kinds of 12 kinds obtained in this way, a total of 9
A durability test was performed on all of the six test pieces 1 to 12 using a test apparatus as shown in FIG.
【００３６】この試験装置は、モータにより回転駆動さ
れる回転軸１１の外周面２個所位置に、互いに間隔をあ
けて２個の相手リング１２、１２を固定している。この
相手リング１２、１２の間隔に合わせて押圧片１３の片
面に設けた、１対の支持片１４、１４には、それぞれ１
個ずつの試験片１５、１５を回転自在に支承し、各試験
片１５、１５の外周面と上記相手リング１２、１２の外
周面とを接触させている。この結果、上記回転軸１１の
回転に伴なって各試験片１５、１５が回転する。従っ
て、図２に示した試験装置では、同時に２個の試験片１
５、１５の耐久試験を行なう。In this test apparatus, two mating rings 12, 12 are fixed at two positions on the outer peripheral surface of a rotating shaft 11 which is driven to rotate by a motor, with an interval therebetween. One pair of support pieces 14, 14 provided on one surface of the pressing piece 13 in accordance with the interval between the mating rings 12, 12
Each of the test pieces 15, 15 is rotatably supported, and the outer peripheral surface of each test piece 15, 15 is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the counterpart ring 12, 12. As a result, each test piece 15 rotates with the rotation of the rotating shaft 11. Therefore, in the test apparatus shown in FIG.
5 and 15 endurance tests are performed.
【００３７】上記回転軸１１の回転速度は、各試験片１
５、１５の回転速度が５１００r.p.m となる様に調整し
た。又、上記押圧片１３は回転軸１１に向けて、３５６
kgfの力で押圧した。従って、各試験片１５、１５の外
周面と各相手リング１２、１２の外周面との接触部に
は、それぞれ１７８kgf のラジアル荷重が加わる。又、
各相手リング１２、１２の外周面の性状は、試験開始前
に於いて、表面硬度がHRC ６０〜６１、表面の平均粗さ
Raが０．３８〜０．４５であった。更に、上記接触部の
潤滑は、１０Ｗ−３０の鉱物油をはねかける事で行なっ
た。The rotation speed of the rotating shaft 11 is set to
The rotation speeds of 5, 15 were adjusted to be 5100 rpm. Further, the pressing piece 13 is moved toward the rotating shaft 11 by 356
It was pressed with a force of kgf. Therefore, a radial load of 178 kgf is applied to the contact portions between the outer peripheral surfaces of the test pieces 15, 15 and the outer peripheral surfaces of the mating rings 12, 12, respectively. or,
Properties of the outer peripheral surface of each mating ring 12 and 12, in the before starting the test, the surface hardness H R C 60-61, the average roughness of the surface
Ra was 0.38-0.45. Further, the lubrication of the contact portion was performed by splashing a mineral oil of 10W-30.
【００３８】試験は４００時間打ち切りで行ない、途中
で所定時間毎に中断して各試験片１５、１５の表面を観
察し、ピーリング発生の有無を検査した。ピーリングの
発生が観察された場合には、その時点で当該試験片１
５、１５に関する耐久試験を終了した。前記表にこの結
果を、試験打ち切り時間として記載した。尚、同一種類
の試験片８個に就いて打ち切り時間が異なった場合に
は、最も打ち切り時間が短かったものを記載した。又、
試験打ち切り時間が４００時間であるとは、最後迄ピー
リングが発生しなかった事を表わしている。The test was discontinued for 400 hours, interrupted at predetermined intervals in the middle, and the surfaces of the test pieces 15, 15 were observed to check for the occurrence of peeling. When peeling is observed, the test piece 1
Endurance tests on 5 and 15 were completed. In the above table, this result was described as the test termination time. When the cut-off time was different for eight test pieces of the same type, the one with the shortest cut-off time was described. or,
The test termination time of 400 hours means that peeling did not occur until the end.
【００３９】又、凹部の面積率を８０％として凸部の真
円換算径を求める作業は、倍率２００倍の光学顕微鏡に
より得られた画像を解析する事により行なった。この
際、光学顕微鏡により得られた画像に輪郭を強調し明瞭
化する為の画像処理を行ない、凹部の面積率の設定作業
は、光源の明るさ及び２値化レベルを調節する事により
行なった。又、凸部の定量は、設定した２値化レベルを
上回るもの（明るい部分）に就いて抽出した２値化像に
対して行なった。The operation of obtaining the equivalent circular diameter of the convex portion with the area ratio of the concave portion being 80% was performed by analyzing an image obtained by an optical microscope with a magnification of 200 times. At this time, image processing for emphasizing and clarifying the outline was performed on the image obtained by the optical microscope, and the setting of the area ratio of the concave portion was performed by adjusting the brightness of the light source and the binarization level. . The quantification of the convex portions was performed on a binarized image extracted for a portion (bright portion) exceeding the set binarization level.
【００４０】上記耐久試験の結果を表わす前記表の記載
から明らかな通り、本発明の転がり摺動部品は、潤滑条
件が厳しい場合にも、十分な耐ピーリング性を得られ
る。又、表には記載しなかったが、本発明品の場合、ピ
ッチングが発生する時間も３００時間以上と、比較品に
比べて長く、この面からも優れた耐久性を有する事を確
認出来た。As is clear from the above table showing the results of the durability test, the rolling sliding parts of the present invention can obtain sufficient peeling resistance even under severe lubrication conditions. Although not shown in the table, in the case of the product of the present invention, it was confirmed that the time for pitting to be generated was 300 hours or more, which was longer than that of the comparative product, and that it had excellent durability from this aspect. .
【００４１】尚、前記表で各数値の後ろに記載した符合
の内、○は当該数値が本発明の限定範囲に含まれている
事を、×は当該数値が本発明の限定範囲から外れている
事を、それぞれ表わしている。又、表層部の最大残留応
力の内、＋は引っ張り残留応力である事を、−は圧縮残
留応力である事を、それぞれ表わしている。In the above-mentioned table, among the symbols described after each numerical value, ○ indicates that the numerical value is included in the limited range of the present invention, and x indicates that the numerical value is out of the limited range of the present invention. Are represented respectively. Further, of the maximum residual stress in the surface layer portion, + represents a tensile residual stress, and − represents a compressive residual stress.
【００４２】試験片６〜１２で示した７種類の比較品の
内、試験片６、７は第二段階のショット・ピーニング加
工を施さず、従って凸部の真円換算径が大きく、油膜形
成が不十分なものである。又、試験片８は、前述の様に
全くショット・ピーニング加工を施さなかったものであ
る。又、試験片９は、第二段階のショット・ピーニング
加工は施したものの、第一段階のショット・ピーニング
加工が不足した為、最大圧縮残留応力が不足したもので
ある。更に、試験片１０〜１２は、第二段階のショット
・ピーニング加工を施したものの、第一段階のショット
・ピーニング加工が過剰である為、硬度、最大圧縮残留
応力、残留オーステナイト量等が本発明の範囲から外れ
たものである。Of the seven types of comparative products shown in Test Pieces 6 to 12, Test Pieces 6 and 7 were not subjected to the second-stage shot peening, so that the diameters of the convex portions in terms of the perfect circle were large, and the oil film was formed. Is inadequate. The test piece 8 was not subjected to any shot peening as described above. The test piece 9 was subjected to the second-stage shot peening, but lacked the first-stage shot peening, so that the maximum compressive residual stress was insufficient. Furthermore, although the test pieces 10 to 12 were subjected to the second stage shot peening, the first stage shot peening was excessive, so that the hardness, maximum compressive residual stress, residual austenite amount, etc. Is out of the range.
【００４３】[0043]
【発明の効果】本発明の転がり摺動部品は、厳しい潤滑
条件の下でも、優れた耐ピーリング性を発揮する為、各
種機械装置の耐久性向上を図れる。これによって、当該
機械装置の点検時期の延長、更にはメインテナンスフリ
ー化を図れる等、産業上極めて有用な、優れた効果を発
揮出来る。The rolling and sliding parts of the present invention exhibit excellent peeling resistance even under severe lubrication conditions, so that the durability of various mechanical devices can be improved. As a result, it is possible to achieve excellent effects that are extremely useful in industry, such as extending the inspection time of the mechanical device and achieving maintenance-free operation.
【図１】ショット・ピーニング装置の略縦断面図FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a shot peening apparatus.
【図２】耐久試験装置の半部縦断面図。FIG. 2 is a half vertical sectional view of the durability test apparatus.
【図３】表面形状限定の概念を説明する為の粗さ曲線。FIG. 3 is a roughness curve for explaining the concept of surface shape limitation.
１ 凹部 ２ 凸部 ３ ホッパ ４ 加圧タンク ５ ショット粒 ６ 給気管 ７ ミキサ ８ 分岐管 ９ ノズル １０ 調整弁 １１ 回転軸 １２ 相手リング １３ 押圧片 １４ 支持片 １５ 試験片 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Concave part 2 Convex part 3 Hopper 4 Pressurized tank 5 Shot grain 6 Air supply pipe 7 Mixer 8 Branch pipe 9 Nozzle 10 Adjustment valve 11 Rotary shaft 12 Mating ring 13 Pressing piece 14 Supporting piece 15 Test piece
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) F16C 33/34 F01L 1/14 F01L 1/18 F16D 53/00 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) F16C 33/34 F01L 1/14 F01L 1/18 F16D 53/00
Claims (1)
滑り接触する状態で使用される転がり摺動部品に於い
て、表面からの深さが０〜５０μｍの範囲を表層部とし
た場合に、この表層部の最大圧縮残留応力が５０〜１１
０kgf/mm2 であり、同じく表層部の硬度がHv８３０〜Hv
９６０であり、表層部の残留オーステナイトの割合が７
容量％以上であり、表面に微細で連続的な凹凸が形成さ
れており、この凹凸を構成する凹部の面積が表面積全体
に占める割合を８０％と仮定した場合に於ける、上記凹
凸を構成する凸部の真円換算径が１５μｍ以下である事
を特徴とする転がり摺動部品。In a rolling sliding part used in a state of rolling or sliding contact with another opposing part, when the surface layer has a depth of 0 to 50 μm from the surface, Maximum compressive residual stress of the surface layer is 50 to 11
0 kgf / mm 2 , and the hardness of the surface layer is also Hv 830 to Hv
960, and the ratio of retained austenite in the surface layer was 7
% Or more, and fine and continuous irregularities are formed on the surface, and the irregularities constitute the irregularities when it is assumed that the ratio of the area of the concave portions constituting the irregularities to the entire surface area is 80%. A rolling sliding part, characterized in that the convex part has a diameter of 15 μm or less.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21656292A JP3151948B2 (en) | 1992-07-23 | 1992-07-23 | Rolling sliding parts |
| DE4324833A DE4324833C2 (en) | 1992-07-23 | 1993-07-23 | Contact surface of a rolling or sliding pairing |
| GB9315277A GB2268901B (en) | 1992-07-23 | 1993-07-23 | A rolling/sliding part |
| US08/493,215 US5611250A (en) | 1992-07-23 | 1995-06-20 | Rolling/sliding part |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21656292A JP3151948B2 (en) | 1992-07-23 | 1992-07-23 | Rolling sliding parts |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0642537A JPH0642537A (en) | 1994-02-15 |
| JP3151948B2 true JP3151948B2 (en) | 2001-04-03 |
Family
ID=16690377
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21656292A Expired - Fee Related JP3151948B2 (en) | 1992-07-23 | 1992-07-23 | Rolling sliding parts |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3151948B2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7681896B2 (en) | 2005-07-11 | 2010-03-23 | Jtekt Corporation | Thrust bearing and suspension for vehicle |
| US10980445B2 (en) | 2018-12-12 | 2021-04-20 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Shoe-type device and control method thereof |
| US11234478B2 (en) | 2018-08-27 | 2022-02-01 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Insole and shoes comprising the same |
| US11472143B2 (en) | 2018-08-27 | 2022-10-18 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Method of manufacturing insole |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005201066A (en) | 2004-01-13 | 2005-07-28 | Koyo Seiko Co Ltd | Rocker arm |
| JP2006329319A (en) * | 2005-05-26 | 2006-12-07 | Jtekt Corp | Rolling/sliding component, rolling bearing, cam follower, and surface improving method for rolling/sliding component |
-
1992
- 1992-07-23 JP JP21656292A patent/JP3151948B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7681896B2 (en) | 2005-07-11 | 2010-03-23 | Jtekt Corporation | Thrust bearing and suspension for vehicle |
| US11234478B2 (en) | 2018-08-27 | 2022-02-01 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Insole and shoes comprising the same |
| US11472143B2 (en) | 2018-08-27 | 2022-10-18 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Method of manufacturing insole |
| US10980445B2 (en) | 2018-12-12 | 2021-04-20 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Shoe-type device and control method thereof |
| US11464428B2 (en) | 2018-12-12 | 2022-10-11 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Shoe-type device and control method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0642537A (en) | 1994-02-15 |
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