JP3057704B2 - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement in an electronic musical instrument that can perform a special scale in which the pitch of each sound such as the Arabic scale is special.

[Conventional technology]

In general, a unit called cent is used as a scale for measuring the pitch of one octave, and according to this cent, one octave can be represented by 1200 cents.

On the other hand, general scales include a pure intonation scale and an equal temperament scale. Of these, the pure intonation scale has a semitone interval of 11
While the pitch is constant at 2 cents, the pitch of the whole tone is composed of two types: 204 cents and 182 cents. Further, the equal-tempered scale has an averaged pitch of 100 cents for a semitone and 200 cents for a whole tone. These pure tonal scales and equal-tempered scales are referred to as standard scales.

In contrast to these standard scales, the Arabic scale described above is:
One octave is 1200 cents, and the pitch of a certain sound is equal to the pitch of the tone of the equal-tempered scale. For example, the pitch of the sound indicated by B and E is 50 cents from the pitch of the tone of the equal-tempered scale. It has a low sound.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

An electronic musical instrument capable of playing the Arabic scale described above is conventionally known. In this type of electronic musical instrument, when the Arabic scale mode is set to manual, it is possible to perform the Arabic scale.

By the way, the Arabic scale, as mentioned above,
Is not only 50 cents lower than the equal-tempered scale notes B and E, but also the special pitch itself has the special feature that the pitch gradually changes slightly during performance. Because some songs are played, simply setting the Arabic scale mode manually does not allow some songs to be played at the correct pitch to the end.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the foregoing, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic musical instrument capable of accurately playing a musical piece having a sound whose pitch slightly changes as it progresses.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention comprises a pitch setting means for setting each pitch of a special pitch having a pitch different from that of at least a part of a standard pitch, Pitch information generating means for generating first pitch information indicating the pitch of the musical tone signal of the second series and second pitch information indicating the pitch of the musical tone signal of the second series, and the first tone Tone generating means for generating a first tone signal of a special scale set by the scale setting means based on pitch information, and generating a second tone signal of a standard scale based on the second pitch information; A pitch correction operation means operable during a performance and instructing a pitch correction by the operation; and a special scale generated by the tone generation means for one operation of the pitch correction operation means. All tones of the same tone signal with a different pitch from the standard scale It is characterized by comprising a control means for modifying the pitch only for a first tone signal corresponding to.

(Operation)

According to the electronic musical instrument of the present invention having the above-described configuration, for example, the melody part of the first series can be played on the special scale, and the performance part of the second series can be played on the standard scale. The melody of the scale can be performed with the accompaniment of the consonance of the equal-tempered scale.

Also, the pitch setting means sets the pitch of a special scale such as the Arabic scale, and when performing with this special scale, even if the pitch of the sound changes on the way, the pitch correction operation is performed. For one operation of the means, only the first tone signals corresponding to all the pitches having different pitches from the standard tone among the first tone signals of the special scale generated by the tone generating means. Since the pitch can be corrected, the pitch of the special scale can be finely corrected by a simple operation, and the pitch can be finely corrected even during the performance of the music.

〔Example〕

 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention. The electronic musical instrument of this embodiment is an electronic piano capable of automatically playing a musical tone by pressing each key of a keyboard. I have.

In FIG. 1, a bus (line 1) is connected to a CPU (central processing unit) 2 which is a main part of control means for performing various controls for generating musical tones and the like in an electronic piano and a scale setting means. The bus line 1 has a program memory 3 in which various programs for performing predetermined operations in accordance with instructions from the CPU 2 are stored, and a plurality of registers as working memories for storing and holding various data. And a rhythm / accompaniment pattern in which various patterns of rhythm and accompaniment for automatic performance are stored.
Memory 5 is connected in parallel. Further, a tempo clock generator 6 for repeatedly generating 96 tempos from 0 to 95 is connected to the bus line 1, and the tempo generated by the tempo clock generator 6
Input to U2. Further, the bus line 1 is connected to a keyboard circuit 7 which is turned on / off in response to an event such as key press or key release for each key of the keyboard. The keyboard circuit 7 includes first pitch information indicating a pitch of a melody tone signal of a first series and a second pitch information of an accompaniment tone signal of a second series.
The pitch information generating means for generating the pitch information of the present invention is constituted. Also, the bass line 1 has a pitch conversion for deriving corresponding frequency information from key code information and cent information when finely adjusting the pitch of a specific sound to play the Arabic scale. A table memory 8 and a control panel 9 having various switches to be described later for performing various other settings, a CPU 2, a program memory 3, a register group 4, and a rhythm / accompaniment pattern memory 5 described above. Keyboard circuit 7, pitch conversion table memory 8,
A high-tone tone generator 10 and a low-tone tone generator 11 for forming a pitch or low tone corresponding to a signal from the control panel 9 are connected. The tone generators 10 and 11 generate a first tone signal of a special scale set by the scale setting means based on the first pitch information by the keyboard circuit 7,
Similarly, it constitutes a tone generating means for generating a second tone signal of a standard scale based on the second pitch information by the keyboard circuit 7. In addition, these two tone generators 10, 11
The division of treble and bass in
The bass to F ^# is a low tone, and the third octave to G is a high tone.

As shown in FIG. 2, the control panel 9 includes various switches described below. Control
On the upper left of the control panel 9, an Arabic scale setting unit 12 for playing a musical tone normally played by an equal temperament scale as an example of a standard scale at an Arabic scale pitch as an example of a special scale is formed. ing. The Arabic scale setting section 12 has twelve pitch change switches 13, 13 each having an LED 14 corresponding to each sound of one octave and repeatedly turning on and off by pressing a pitch change switch 13. Are arranged so as to correspond to each white key and each black key of the keyboard. Therefore, the lower seven pitch change switches 13 correspond to each white key of the keyboard, and the upper five pitch change switches 13
Corresponds to each black key on the keyboard. When one of the pitch change switches 13 is pressed, the pitch of the sound corresponding to the pressed pitch change switch 13 is increased by 50 from the pitch of the normal law scale.
It will be generated by the pitch of the Arabic scale that has decreased by one cent, and the LED1 of the sound pronounced at the pitch of this Arabic scale
4 is lit for landmarks.

On the control panel 9 on the side of the Arabic scale setting section 12, the pitch switch 13 of the Arabic scale setting section 12 is pressed to display the pitch of each sound that is to be generated at the Arabic scale pitch. Inside, an up switch 15 and a down switch 16 for minutely changing the pitch of the sound in accordance with the tune of the Arabic musical scale are provided. Each time the up switch 15 and the down switch 16 are pressed once, the pitch change switch 13 is pressed to simultaneously raise the pitch of each tone that is to be pronounced at the Arabic pitch by 2.5 cents, or It constitutes pitch correction operation means for changing the pitch to be lowered. That is, when the pitch correction operating means is operated once, the first musical tone corresponding to all the pitches different from the standard scale among the first musical tone signals of the special scale generated by the musical tone generating means. The pitch can be corrected only for the signal. It should be noted that the specific change of the pitch is determined by the pitch conversion table memory 8.
It is performed by

The control panel 9 below the Arabic scale setting section 12 has a preset section 17 for storing which sound is to be generated at the pitch of the Arabic scale, including fine adjustment by the up switch 15 and the down switch 16. Is formed. The preset section 17 includes a memory switch 18, a delete switch 19, and six preset switches 20, 20,..., And by simultaneously pressing the memory switch 18 and any one of the preset switches 20, the pitch of the Arabic scale is set. Is stored and the pitch of the note is stored. By pressing the delete switch 19 and the preset switch 20 at the same time, the contents stored by the preset switch 20 are deleted, and the tone is generated at the pitch of the equal temperament scale. It should be noted that each preset switch 20 is provided with a corresponding LED (not shown).

The control panel 9 on the side of the preset 17 has an ABC switch 21 for turning on / off an automatic performance.
A start / stop switch 22 for starting and ending an automatic performance or the like is provided. The control panel 9 above the start / stop switch 22 has a recording mode for storing the performance. A recording switch 23 for setting and a play switch 24 for actually starting the performance are provided.
The recording switch 23 and the play switch 24
On the control panel 9 above, a plurality of other switches 25 for adjusting the volume or selecting a tone or rhythm are provided.

By the way, in this embodiment, even if the pitch of a specific sound is changed to the Arabic pitch by pressing any one of the pitch change switches 13 of the Arabic scale setting unit 12, the chord of the accompaniment is The sound is set so as to be generated with the pitch of each tone of the equal temperament scale as a sound. This specific example will be described in the description of the operation described later.

FIG. 3 shows the data format of the automatic performance. Among them, FIGS. 3A and 3B show the on / off of each key of the keyboard by pressing and releasing the keys. The key code corresponding to one byte, and the key code corresponding to one byte, "01" indicates key-on and "00" indicates key-off, while 61 keys 0-60. Is specified by 6 bits. FIG. 3C shows the data format of the Arabic scale, where the state of each of the upper four sounds among the 12 sounds of one octave is represented by one byte together with the bit "1000" of the Arabic scale itself. The state of each of the lower eight tones is indicated by another one byte. The AR in this figure
B indicates a 12-bit register corresponding to each pitch, and a value of 1 indicates the pitch of the Arabic scale.

The PSFT shown in FIGS. 3C and 3D indicates a pitch change for slightly changing the sound generated at the pitch of the Arabic scale, and the state is indicated by a bit “101”. Further, FF _H in FIG. 3E indicates a code indicating the end of the automatic performance, and FE _H in FIG. 3F indicates a bar line.
The tempo clock (CLK) having a timing of 96 from 0 to 95 by this bar indicates that the range 95 is exceeded.

FIG. 3G shows the state of data stored in the memory, and predetermined information for automatic performance is stored at the position indicated by the pointer (PNT). It has become.

Hereinafter, the operation of the present embodiment having the above-described configuration will be described.

It should be noted that, among the main registers displayed in a flowchart to be described later, those which have not been explained are described in advance.

RUN: Run / Stop / Standby (1/0 / -1) REC: Recording (= 1) PLY: Playing (= 1) ABC: Automatic performance mode (= 1) NT: Note name (0-11) PSFT: Pitch control (-15 to +15) for minute change of pitch of Arabic scale sound, changed in 2.5-cent units. PCHG: Value converted to PSFT + 16 for reference to table MD: 1 ~ ABC Arabic scale control 0-ABC Equal temperament scale FND: Frequency information PRS _0-5 : ARB corresponding to preset number PRS / SFT _0-5 : Preset number corresponding PSFT ROOT: Root of chord TYPE: Type of chord This shows a flow chart of the main processing. To start a performance, first, as shown in step ST1, initial settings for clearing various registers are performed, and then, as shown in step ST2, ABC is performed. Whether to select the automatic performance mode in which accompaniment is automatically performed by the switch 21
ABC switch processing is performed, and then start is performed by a start / stop switch 22 as shown in step ST3, and a recording switch 2 is shown in step ST4.
3 to make the performance memory possible (recording mode) or, as shown in step ST5, the play switch 24.
To enter the automatic performance mode. Then, when performing in the Arabic scale, as shown in step ST6,
Pressing at least one pitch change switch 13 corresponding to the sound to be played on the Arabic scale, setting the pitch of this sound to be 50 cents lower than the pitch of the equal-tempered scale, and As shown in ST7, in order to store this setting state, the storage switch 18 and one of the preset switches 20 are simultaneously pressed to store this setting state. To delete this memory at the end of the performance or the like, as shown in step ST8, the delete switch 1
9 and preset switch 2 corresponding to the setting status to be deleted
Press 0 and at the same time.

Then, if you want to change the pitch of the sound pronounced at the Arabic pitch as needed during the performance, step ST
As shown in 9, press the up switch 15 the required number of times,
As shown in step ST10, the down switch 16 is pressed the required number of times, and the pitch is raised or lowered by 2.5 cents by the number of times the switch is pressed. This minute change in pitch can be stored by simultaneously pressing the storage switch 18 and the preset switch 20 described in step ST7.

Then, in an actual performance, when a key is pressed (key-on event) as shown in step ST11, the key code (KC) of this key is changed as shown in step ST12. The key-in process is performed based on the input key-code as shown in step ST13.
If no key is pressed in step ST11,
Steps ST12 and ST13 are bypassed. Then
As shown in step ST14, key release (key-off event)
Is performed, the key code (KC) of the released key is entered as shown in step ST15, and the entered key is entered.
A key-off process is performed based on the code. If the key is not released in step ST14, step ST14 is executed.
15, 16 will be bypassed.

If it is desired to perform other processing such as volume, timbre, rhythm selection, etc., as shown in step ST17, the necessary switches 25 are pressed to make various settings. And step ST
Return to 2.

A subroutine of the ABC switch processing shown in the step ST2
Chin is illustrated in FIG.

In FIG. 5, as shown in step ST2A, it is determined whether the play switch 24 is on and the recording switch 23 is off, and in this automatic performance mode, a return (RET) is performed. Resulting in. On the other hand, in the recording mode in which the recording switch 23 is on and the play switch 24 is off, as shown in step ST2B, AB
It is determined whether the C switch 21 is turned on, and A
When the BC switch 21 is on, that is, in the automatic performance mode,
Further, as shown in step ST2C, it is determined whether the storage switch 18 has been pressed simultaneously. Then, if the memory switch 18 is not pressed simultaneously, step ST2D
ABC to toggle between 0 and 1 as shown in
The state of the switch 21 is changed. Then, step ST2E
It is determined whether or not the automatic performance mode (ABC = 1) is set as shown in FIG. 4. If the automatic performance mode is not set, as shown in step ST2F, a bass tone for accompaniment is played.
All the keys of the generator 11 (FIG. 1) are turned off, and then, as shown in step ST2G, the buffer of the low key (LK) key code for accompaniment is cleared, and the Is performed.

In step ST2C, if the memory switch 18 is simultaneously depressed, as shown in step ST2H, the control for the scale of equal temperament scale mode when MD = 0 and the Arabic scale mode when MD = 1. The state of the mode (MD) is changed and returned. Further, the step ST2E
Is in automatic performance mode (ABC = 1)
Is returned.

The subroutine of the start / stop switch processing shown in step ST3 is specifically shown in FIG.

In FIG. 6, as shown in step ST3A,
G / Stop switch 22 is pressed (ON event)
Then, as shown in step ST3B, the running mode (RUN =
If it is not the running mode, the mode is switched to the running mode as shown in step ST3C, and the tempo clock (CLK) is reset as shown in step ST3D. . On the other hand, if it is determined in step ST3B that the vehicle is in the running mode (RUN = 1), step ST3B is executed.
In E, the mode is switched to the stop mode, and then in step S
As shown in T3F, it is determined whether the mode is the reproduction mode (PLY = 1). If the mode is the reproduction mode, the reproduction is stopped as shown in step ST3G.

Then, as shown in step ST3H, all the keys of the tone generator for high frequency tone 10 and the tone generator 11 for low frequency tone are turned off. Then, as shown in step ST3I, the upper key for melody is turned off. (UK) and low key (LK) key code buffer for accompaniment are cleared,
Returned.

Also, in step ST3F, if it is not during playback,
As shown in step ST3J, it is determined whether or not the recording mode is set (REC = 1). If the recording mode is set, the recording is stopped as shown in step ST3K.
As shown in ST3L, the recording ends and this ends (FF _H )
Is written and a return is made. In step ST3J, if recording is not being performed, the program is returned as it is.

The subroutine of the recording switch process shown in step ST4 is specifically shown in FIG.

In FIG. 7, first, as shown in step ST4A,
It is determined whether the recording switch 23 has been pressed (on event), and if the recording switch 23 has been pressed, the step
As shown in ST4B, the state of the recording switch 23 for performing a toggle change between 0 and 1 is changed, and thereafter, in step ST4B.
As shown in FIG. 4C, it is determined whether the recording mode is the recording mode (REC = 1). If the recording mode is the recording mode, the standby mode (RUN = 1) is set as shown in step ST4D. . Then, as shown in step ST4E, the automatic performance (ABC) mode is written into the byte of the pointer 0 of the automatic performance data memory, and the byte of the pointer 1 is returned after waiting for writing. On the other hand, the recording mode in step ST4c - not de and (REC = 0), as shown in step ST4F, stop mode - de (RUN = 0), and the the write checks for writing ends (FF _H) Performed and returned.

The subroutine of the play switch processing shown in step ST5 is specifically shown in FIG.

In FIG. 8, first, as shown in step ST5A,
It is determined whether or not the play switch 24 has been pressed (ON event). If the play switch 24 has been pressed, the play switch 24 that toggles between 0 and 1 as shown in step ST5B. The state is changed. Thereafter, as shown in step ST5C, it is determined whether the mode is the reproduction mode (PLY = 1). If the mode is the reproduction mode, step ST5C is executed.
As shown in FIG. 5D, the running mode is set, and the playback of the recorded content is started. Then, as shown in step ST5E, the tempo clock is reset (CLK = 0), and step ST5E is executed.
As shown in F, the contents stored in the memory of FIG. 3G are reproduced in order from the byte indicated by the pointer 0.

When the reproduction is completed, as shown in step STG5, all the keys of the high tone generator 10 and the low tone generator 11 (FIG. 1) are turned off.
Next, as shown in step ST5H, the buffers of all keys for melody and accompaniment are cleared and returned. In step ST5C, if the mode is not the reproduction mode (PLY = 0), the running is stopped (RUN = 0), and the process proceeds to step ST5G.

The subroutine for the Arabic scale shown in the step ST6 is specifically shown in FIG.

In order to obtain the pitch of the Arabic scale, one of the twelve pitch change switches 13 of 0 to 11 corresponding to each pitch is selectively selected as needed in the Arabic scale setting section 12 of FIG. It is necessary to press it to set its pitch according to the Arabic scale. First, as shown in step ST6A, 0 is substituted into i in order to perform on / off detection processing from the pitch change switch 13 of the sound indicated by the value 0 in the Arabic scale setting unit 12 in FIG. .

That is, as shown in step ST6B, it is determined whether or not this pitch change switch 13 has been pressed (on event). When an on event is detected, this pitch change switch 13 is displayed as shown in step ST6C. Register corresponding to 13
Write the value 1 to the ARB bit position. In step ST6D,
According to the bit map of the register ARB, for example, if the value 1 is written in the fifth and twelfth bits of the register ARB, the LED 14 above the pitch change switch 13 or 4 is turned on. I do. Then, in step ST6E, ARB =
It is determined whether it is 0. Assuming that all the bits of the register ARB are equal to the equal-tempered scale without operating any of the pitch change switches 13, the process proceeds to step ST6F, and the pitch control for a minute change in the pitch of the Arabic scale is also cleared. Would. In step ST6G, a write check process for storage is performed. This processing will be described later.

Next, as shown in step ST6H, the number of i is increased by one, and the process proceeds to the on / off detection processing of the pitch change switch 13 of the sound indicated by the value 1 in the Arabic scale setting unit 12. The above steps ST6B to ST6H are repeated until i = 12,
On / off events of all pitch change switches 13 are detected. If it is determined in step ST6E that ARB ≠ 1, that is, at least one pitch of the Arabic scale, the write check is performed in step ST6G, bypassing step ST6F.

When the processing for the twelve pitch change switches 13 of the Arabic scale setting section 12 is repeated in this manner, i <12 is not satisfied in step ST6I, so that the operation is returned.

Subroutine of the preset process shown in step ST7
Chin is illustrated in FIG.

Since the preset is performed by pressing six preset switches 20 of 0 to 5 of the preset 17 in FIG. 1, the processing must be performed corresponding to each preset switch 20 similarly to the pitch change switch 13. . Therefore, first, as shown in step ST7A, the preset
The process is started from the preset switch 20 indicated by the value 0 at 17.

That is, as shown in step ST7B, it is determined whether or not the preset switch 20 has been pressed (on event), and if it has been pressed, as shown in step ST7C,
It is further determined whether the memory switch 18 is pressed at the same time.If the memory switch 18 is pressed at the same time, the value of the ARB is stored in the register PRS _O of the Arabic scale corresponding to the preset number, as shown in step ST7D. Is stored,
The value of PSFT to register serving PRSSFT _O of the pitch control for small changes in the Arabian scale corresponding to the preset number is stored. Then, as shown in step ST7E,
The number of i is increased by one, and it is determined whether or not this number is less than 6 (step ST7F). The processing shifts to the processing of the preset switch 20 for the sound indicated by the value 1 in the preset 17, and starts again from step ST7B. . If the preset switch 20 has not been pressed in step ST7B, the process proceeds to step ST7E, bypassing steps ST7C and ST7D. If the storage switch 18 is not pressed at the same time in step ST7C, the memory is not in the storage mode, and the preset state is called as shown in step ST7G. That is, in the preset number, it is called which sound is in the Arabic scale and the pitch is slightly changed, and according to the content of the call, the sound is set to the Arabic scale as shown in step ST7H. The LED 14 corresponding to the sound being played is turned on, and writing of the changed information of the Arabic scale is checked (step ST7I). Then, the process reaches step ST7E.

By repeating the processing for the six preset switches 20 of the preset 17 in this manner, step ST7F
Is not satisfied because i <6 is not satisfied.

The subroutine of the deletion switch process shown in the step ST8 is specifically shown in FIG.

First, as shown in step ST8A, it is determined whether the switch 19 has been pressed (on event). If not, the switch 19 is returned, and if it has been pressed, as shown in step ST8B. , The information stored for the Arabic scale is reset, and all the LEDs (not shown) corresponding to the respective LEDs 14 of the Arabic scale setting section 12 and the respective preset switches 20 are turned off (step ST8).
C) As shown in step ST8D, a write check in this state is performed and the operation is returned.

The subroutine of the up-switch processing shown in step ST9 is specifically shown in FIG.

First, as shown in step ST9A, the up switch 15
It is determined whether or not the down switch 16 has been pressed (on event). If it has not been pressed, the return is performed as it is. If it has been pressed, whether or not the down switch 16 is in the on state as shown in step ST9B. A determination is made. If the down switch 16 is ON, that is, simultaneously pressed, the step ST
As shown in FIG. 9C, the pitch control of the minute change of the Arabic scale is reset, a write check of this state is performed (step ST9D), and the return is made. On the other hand, if the down switch 16 is not turned on in the step ST9B, a value obtained by adding +1 to the number of times the up switch 15 is pressed is formed as shown in a step ST9E, and the process returns to the step ST9D to check the writing of this value. Do.

The subroutine of the down switch process shown in step ST10 is specifically shown in FIG.

This process is almost the same as in FIG.
As shown in ST10A, it is determined whether the down switch 16 has been pressed (off event). If the down switch 16 has not been pressed, the return is performed as it is.
As shown in ST10B, it is determined whether or not up switch 15 is on. If the up switch 15 is turned on, that is, simultaneously pressed, as shown in step ST10, the pitch control of the minute change of the Arabic scale is reset, and the writing check of this state is performed (step ST10).
ST10D) and return. On the other hand, if the up switch 15 is not turned on in step ST10B, step ST10B
As shown in 10E, a value obtained by subtracting -1 from the number of times the down switch 16 is pressed is formed, and the process returns to step ST10D to check the writing of this value.

The subroutine of the key-on process shown in step ST13 is specifically shown in FIG.

When the key-on process is performed by depressing a key, first, as shown in step ST13A, it is determined whether or not the apparatus is in the standby mode (RUN = -1). As shown in step ST13B, RUN = 1 and recording is started, and the value of the tempo clock is reset. Then, as shown in step ST13C, in the automatic performance mode (ABC = 1), it is determined whether or not the key code (KC) of the depressed key is 18 or less, and KC ≦ 18.
That is, if the pressed key is an accompaniment key, step ST
As shown in FIG. 13D, the accompaniment key is turned on, this process is written and checked (step ST13E), and the process is returned.

On the other hand, in step ST13A, the standby mode (RUN
= 1), the flow directly goes to step ST13C, bypassing step ST13B. In step ST13C, if KC> 18, that is, if the pressed key is a melody key, the melody key is turned on as shown in step ST13F, and this process is similarly written in step ST13E. Is checked and returned.

The subroutine of the key-off process shown in step ST16 is specifically shown in FIG.

When the key-off processing is performed by releasing the key, first, as shown in step ST16A, in the automatic performance mode (ABC = 1), the key code (KC) of the released key is 18 or less. Is determined, and if KC ≦ 18, that is, if the released key is an accompaniment key, an accompaniment key off process is performed as shown in step ST16B, and this process is written and checked (step ST16B). ST13C) and return.

On the other hand, in step ST16A, if KC> 18, that is, if the released key is a melody key, step ST16D
As shown in (1), the melody key is turned off, and this process is similarly written-checked in step ST16C and returned.

The subroutine for turning on the accompaniment key shown in step ST13D in FIG. 14 will be specifically described with reference to FIG.

When the accompaniment key is turned on,
As shown in ST13DA, the key of the pressed accompaniment key, that is, the key code (KC) of the lower key (LK) is stored in the buffer, and then the step ST13DB
As shown in (1), the root and type of the chord are detected based on the key information in the buffer. Then, step ST13
As shown in DC, it is determined whether the operation is in the stop mode (RUN = 0). If the operation is in the stop mode, a chord is generated on the spot, as shown in step ST13DD, and then the return is made. Is performed.

On the other hand, if it is not the stop mode but the running mode (RUN = 1) in step ST13DC, the return is performed without generating a chord. This is because chords in automatic performance are not pronounced when a key is pressed, but are preferably played and sounded at the timing of a beat along a pattern. Here, in order to pronounce the chord, only the memory is held as shown in step ST13DA.

Also, the subroutine of the melody key ON process shown in step ST13F in FIG. 14 is specifically shown in FIG.

When the melody key is turned on, first, as shown in step ST13FA, the key of the pressed melody key, that is, the key code of the upper key (UK) is buffered. And then the step ST
As shown in 13FB, the key information in this buffer is shown as a remainder after being divided by 12 which is the number of notes in one octave, the note name (note) of this key information is calculated, and this information is sent to NT. set. Next, as shown in step ST13FC, whether this pitch name is the pitch of the equal temperament scale (ARB _NT = 0),
It is determined whether or not the pitch change switch 13 of FIG. 2 is operated to set 1 to the corresponding bit of the ARB register. If the pitch is of the equal temperament scale, the process proceeds to step ST13FD. Then, the process proceeds to the next step ST13FE without changing the pitch, and the frequency information (FN) of the key being depressed is obtained from the key code (KC) and the table number (PCHG).
O) get. Then, as shown in step ST13FF, a channel is assigned to the high tone tone generator 10, and
The signal is transmitted using frequency information (FNO) and is returned after performing key-on control.

On the other hand, when the sound of the key pressed in step ST13FC is the pitch of the Arabic scale (ABR _NT = 1),
In step ST13FG, pitch control information for finely changing the pitch in accordance with the Arabic scale is set in PCHG, and based on this information and the key frequency (FNO) of the key being pressed based on the key code (KC). ) (Step ST13FE),
After the key-on control is performed, the return is performed.

The subroutine of the accompaniment key off process shown in step ST16B of FIG. 15 is specifically shown in FIG.

When the accompaniment key is turned off,
As shown in ST16BA, the key of the released key stored in the key code buffer of the low key (LK) as an accompaniment key.
The code (KC) is deleted. Then, as shown in step ST16BB, it is determined whether or not the operation is in the stop mode (RUN = 0). If the operation is in the stop mode, as shown in step ST16BC. Then, the root and type of the chord are detected based on the contents of the key code buffer of the lower key, and the chord is immediately generated and returned as shown in step ST16BD. In addition,
If it is the running mode (RUN = 1) in step ST16BB, the operation is returned as it is.

A subroutine of the melody key off processing shown in step ST16D of FIG. 15 is shown in FIG.

When the melody key is turned off, first, as shown in step ST16DA, the upper key which is the melody key is released.
The key code (KC) of the released key stored in the key code buffer of (UK) is deleted.
As shown in ST16DB, key-off control of the tone generator 10 for treble is performed, and the tone generator 10 is returned.

The subroutine of the write check shown in FIGS. 6, 7, 9 to 15 is specifically shown in FIG.

In the writing check, first, as shown in step ST20A, it is determined whether or not the recording mode (REC = 1). If not, the recording is returned as it is.
If recording is in progress, then, as shown in step ST20B, it is determined which event the write check came from.

In this determination, if the event is the key-on event shown in step ST20C, the bit "0" of the key-on itself is set to correspond to the data format of FIG. 3A.
1 "as well as the key code (KC) of the key pressed. In the case of the key-off event shown in step ST20D, as shown in FIG.
It forms the bit "00" of the key-off itself as well as the key code (KC) of the released key. Further, stop mode shown in step ST20E - For de (RUN = 0), since this is a writing end, data of Figure 3 E - Tafo - so as to correspond to the mat to form a finished (FF _H). Furthermore, step ST2
In the case of the up switch 15 and the down switch 16 shown in FIG. 0F, as shown in FIG.
It forms the bit "101" of the pitch change itself, which is a minute change in the pitch of the Arabic scale, and the pitch control state (PSFT).

Since the actual information to be written is formed by the steps ST20C to ST20F as described above, the data shown in FIG.
Actual writing is performed so as to correspond to the format.

That is, as shown in step ST20G, first, tempo clock information (CLK) for timing is written in the first byte, and actual information (DT) is written in the next byte. When the writing is completed, as shown in step ST20H, since two bytes are used in the writing, the pointer for writing (PNT) is advanced by two and then returned.

On the other hand, the event in step ST20B is
In the case of setting, presetting, and deleting preset contents for the Arabic scale shown in T20I, the data in FIG.
In order to correspond to the format, the bit "1000" of the Arabic scale itself, the pitch name data of the Arabic scale, and the Arabic scale pitch data using 3 bytes in addition to the timing information of the first byte. The information on the minute change of the pitch of the musical scale is formed, and as shown in step ST20J, the information in the memory
Write tempo clock information (CLK) as well as actual information (DT1-DT3) using bytes. When the writing is completed, as shown in step ST20K, since 4 bytes have been used in the writing, the pointer for writing (PN
T) is advanced four times and then returned.

Further, when the event in step ST20B is other data such as volume, tone, or the like not shown in step ST20L, the data is appropriately formed, and
As shown in ST20M, the actual write and pointer (P
NT) is advanced by a predetermined number and then returned.

FIG. 21 shows a clock interruption process for actually ticking the time and reproducing the rhythm or generating the accompaniment. First, as shown in step ST21A, it is determined whether or not the vehicle is in the running mode (RUN = 1). When the vehicle is not in the running mode, the return is performed as it is. When the vehicle is in the running mode, the rhythm type and the tempo clock (CL) are output as shown in step ST21B.
The rhythm sound is automatically generated based on the value of K). Next, as shown in step ST21C, the reproduction mode (PLY =
1) is determined, and if the playback mode is selected,
As shown in step ST21D, the reproduction is actually performed.

If the mode is not the reproduction mode, this step ST21D is bypassed. Then, as shown in step ST21E,
It is determined whether or not the automatic performance mode (ABC = 1). If the automatic performance mode is set, an actual accompaniment sound is generated based on the pattern as shown in step ST21F. If the mode is not the automatic performance mode, this step ST21 is bypassed.

Thereafter, as shown in step ST21G, the value of the tempo clock (CLK) is incremented by one, and then, as shown in step ST21H, the tempo clock (CL
It is determined whether the numerical value of K) has become equal to 96, which is a bar delimiter. In this discrimination, if CLK = 96, the process is returned as it is. If CLK = 96, the value of the tempo clock (CLK) is returned to 0 as shown in step ST21I. Then, as shown in step ST21J,
It is determined whether the recording mode is the recording mode (REC = 1). If the recording mode is set, a bar line (FE _H ) is written as shown in step ST21K. The pointer (PNT) is advanced by one to correspond (step ST21L). If it is determined in step 21J that the recording mode is not the recording mode, both the steps ST21K and 21L are bypassed.

Thereafter, as shown in step ST21M, the reproduction mode (P
It is determined again whether or not LY = 1). If it is not in the reproduction mode, it is returned as it is. If it is in the reproduction mode, the bar does not have the timing information and the pointer (PNT) ) Is waiting as it is, and as shown in step ST21N, the pointer (PNT) is incremented by one so as to correspond to the next byte and then returned.

The chord generating subroutines shown in FIGS. 16 and 19 are specifically illustrated in FIG.

When a chord is generated, first, as shown in step ST22A, the bass tone generator 11 (first
All keys in Fig.) Are temporarily keyed off for convenience,
Based on the root and type of chord detected at step ST13B of FIG. 16, as shown in step ST22b, forming three component notes constituting the chords (LKC ₁ ~LKC _3).
Note that the formation of the constituent tones of the chord has three constituent tones even in a chord having four constituent tones in principle, such as the 7th code.

Next, in order to perform processing of each of the chord constituent sounds, first, as shown in step ST22C, a key code (L
KC ₁ ) Performs processing for the sound. That is, as shown in step ST22D, the key code (LK
C ₁₎ is formed, as shown in step ST22E, Roaki -
This tone is generated by the control of (LK), and then, as shown in step ST22F, the constituent number i of the constituent sound of the chord
Is determined to be less than 4, and if i = 2, i = 3, the process returns to step ST22D to perform the same processing.
Returned when i = 4.

The regeneration subroutine shown in step ST21D of FIG. 21 is specifically shown in FIG.

First, at the playback timing, as shown in step ST21DA, it is determined whether the information pointed by the pointer (PNT) is equal to the tempo clock (CLK). If not, the pointer (PNT) is inserted. Since the information has not yet been read, it is returned as it is. The bar line (FE _H ) has no timing information and has a tempo clock (CLK) of 0 to 95.
Because it has not entered, it must return.

On the other hand, if the information pointed to by the pointer (PNT) is equal to the tempo clock (CLK), as shown in step ST21DB, the actual information stored from the byte following the timing is selected. Then, as shown in step ST21DC, the upper two bits of this actual information are key-on "01".
Is determined, and if it is a key-on, as shown in step ST21DD, a 6-bit key code (KC) of the depressed key is input. After the key-on process of step ST13 described in detail in step ST21 is completed, as shown in step ST21DE, the pointer (PNT) including the timing information is set to 2
And return to step ST21DA. Note that this step
Returning to ST21DA, pointer (PNT) and tempo clock (C
LK), there may still be information to read at the same time.

If the upper two bits of the actual information are not key-on "01" in step ST21DC, step ST21DC
As shown in 21DF, the upper two bits of information are key-off "0
It is determined whether it is "0", and if it is key-off, as shown in step ST21DG, 6 of the released key
The key code (KC) of the bit is input, and thereafter, the key-off process in step ST16 described in detail in FIG.
Upon completion of the key-off process, the process returns to step ST21DE, moves up the pointer (PNT) by two, and returns to step ST21DA.

If the upper two bits of the actual information are not key-off "00" in step ST21DF, step ST21DF
As shown in 21DH, it is determined whether the upper 3 bits of the information are data of the Arabic scale "100". If the data is in the Arabic scale, the lower 4 bits of the information are determined as shown in step ST21DI. By shifting the bits by 8 bits and moving them to the upper 4 bits of the 12-bit register (ARB) and adding the second byte of the automatic performance information, the automatic performance information stored at the time of recording can be reproduced. Then, based on this information, as shown in step ST21DJ, each corresponding
The LED 14 (FIG. 2) is controlled, and further, as shown in step ST21DK, the lower 5 bits of the third byte of the memory are input to a pitch control (PSFT) for a small change in the pitch of the Arabic scale. Then, as shown in step ST21DL, four pointers (PNT) for 4 bytes are advanced, and the process returns to step ST21DA.

In step ST21DH, if the upper three bits of the actual information are not the Arabic scale “100”, the upper three bits of the information are changed to the pitch change “101” for the pitch minute change as shown in step ST21DM. It is determined whether or not the pitch has been changed.If the pitch has been changed, step ST
As shown in FIG. 21DN, this pitch change information indicated by the lower 5 bits of one byte is input, and as shown in step ST21DO, the pointer (PNT) is advanced by two and the aforementioned step S21DO is performed.
Return to T21DA.

Further, in step ST21DM, if the actual information is not the pitch change “101”, step ST21DP
As shown in, ends (FF _H) a Determining if it is performed, if the end (FF _H), since information is a now complete, as shown in step ST21DQ, stop mode - de (RUN =
0), the tone generator for both pitches 10, and the tone generator for bass
Turn off all keys of generator 11 (step ST21).
DR) and Akiaki (UK), Loaki (LK)
Clear the buffer of the key code (KC) (step ST21).
DS) and stop as shown in step ST21DJ (PLY = 0)
And return.

Further, in step ST21DP, the process ends (FF _H )
If not, as shown in step ST21DU, other processing is performed, the corresponding number of pointers (PNT) is incremented, and the process returns to step ST21DA.

The subroutine for generating the accompaniment sound shown in step ST21F of FIG. 21 is specifically shown in FIG.

In FIG. 24, to generate an accompaniment sound, step ST
As shown in 21FA, the rhythm type, tempo clock (CL
K), read from the above-mentioned pattern table based on the root of the chord and the value of the kind, slide the one based on note name C on the basis of the root, and lower the key for accompaniment. It is input to the code (LKC) and, as shown in step ST21FB, is returned after controlling the low key (LK).

Step ST22E in FIG. 22 and step S in FIG.
The subroutine for controlling the accompaniment lower key (LK) shown in T21FB is specifically shown in FIG.

In this low key control, first, in step ST25A
As shown in (a), it is determined whether the mode is the Arabic scale mode (MD = 1). If the mode is the Arabic scale mode, as shown in step ST25B, the code of the note name classified into 12 is entered. Then, as shown in step ST25C, a determination is made as to whether the code of this note name is still the note name of the equal-tempered scale, If the pitch is set to the Arabic scale, pitch control, which is a minute change in the pitch of the Arabic scale, is added, as shown in step ST25D, and the information of this sound is stored in a table, as shown in step ST25E. The tone information is converted into frequency information, and as shown in step ST25F, the tone is generated by the bass tone generator 11 together with the pitch information and is returned.

On the other hand, in step ST25A, when controlling with the equal temperament scale, as shown in step ST25G, the pitch control is set to 0, the pitch is not minutely changed, and step ST25E,
As indicated by 25F, the tone is produced at the equal temperament pitch and returned. In the case where the sound is not the Arabic scale in step ST25C, similarly, steps ST25G, 25E,
Returned after 25F.

According to the above-described embodiment, when performing the Arabic scale, the accompaniment can be performed with the equal-tempered scale, so that the melody of the Arabic scale that could not originally be performed is replaced with the consonant of the equal-tempered scale. It can be performed with accompaniment.

Further, at the time of the automatic performance, it is possible to perform the music by slightly changing the pitch of each sound of the Arabic scale as needed.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made as necessary.

For example, pitch control for a small change in the pitch of a sound in a special scale such as the Arabic scale can be selected from various desired numerical values of the pitch itself, which is 2.5 cents in the embodiment, and Any of ± may be included. Further, the minute change of the pitch may be individually controlled for each sound.

Further, the data format is not limited to the embodiment. For example, the key information of the lower key (LK) is
The information may be stored as information such as the root tone and type of the determined chord.
Also, for events having the same timing, the memory capacity can be reduced by omitting timing information. Furthermore, when changing to the Arabic scale, the operation of the preset switch may be performed by storing the switch number without including unnecessary pitch control information.

The pitch control of the pitch may also be performed during key-on.

Furthermore, the reference scale may be a pure scale or other scales, and the special scale is not limited to the Arabic scale.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the electronic musical instrument of the present invention, the first
Can be played on the special scale while the second series can be played on the standard scale, so that, for example, the melody of the special scale can be played with the accompaniment of the consonant of the equal-tempered scale.

In addition, the pitch of a special scale such as the Arabic scale is set by the scale setting means, and when performing the performance using this special scale, even if the pitch of the sound changes in the middle, the pitch correction operation means , The pitch of the sound can be changed freely, so that the performance of the original music can be performed as it is, following the change in the pitch of each sound of the music.

Further, when the pitch can be corrected, the standard tone and the pitch of the first tone signal of the special tone generated by the tone generating means are changed by one operation of the pitch adjusting operating means. Since the pitch can be corrected only for the first tone signal corresponding to all different pitches, the pitch of the special scale can be finely corrected by a simple operation. High fine corrections can be made.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a detailed view of a control panel of FIG. 1, and FIG.
4A to 4G are diagrams showing the automatic performance data format in the present embodiment, and FIGS. 4 to 25 are flowcharts showing the operation of the present embodiment. 1 ... bus line, 2 ... CPU, 3 ... program memory, 4 ... register group, 5 ... rhythm / accompaniment pattern memory, 6 ... tempo clock generator, 7 ... keyboard circuit,
8: pitch conversion table memory, 9: control panel, 10: tone generator for treble, 11: tone generator for bass, 12: Arabic scale setting unit, 13
… Pitch change switch, 14… LED, 15,20 …… Up switch, 16… Down switch, 17 …… Preset section,
18 …… Memory switch, 19 …… Delete switch, 21 …… ABC
Switch, 22 Start / stop switch, 23
Recording switch, 24 ... Play switch, 25 ... Switch.

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G10H 1/053-1/057 G10H 1/18 G10H 1/38 G10H 1/44

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A scale setting means for setting each pitch of sounds of a special scale having a pitch different from the pitch of at least a part of a standard scale, and indicating a pitch of a musical tone signal of a first sequence. Pitch information generating means for generating first pitch information and second pitch information indicating the pitch of a second series of tone signals; setting by the scale setting means based on the first pitch information A tone generating means for generating a first tone signal of the specified special scale and a second tone signal of the standard scale based on the second pitch information; Pitch correction operation means for instructing the correction of pitch, and, for one operation of the pitch correction operation means, of the first musical tone signal of the special musical scale generated by the musical tone generating means, The first tone signal corresponding to all pitches having different pitches An electronic musical instrument comprising: control means for correcting a pitch.