JP3023049B2 - Measuring method and measuring device for deposits on outdoor structures - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for measuring the amount of contaminants on outdoor structures such as insulators.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional method for measuring the attached matter on an outdoor structure of this type, a brush washing method and an ultrasonic cleaning type soiling amount measuring method are known. In these methods, a contaminant attached to an outdoor structure such as an insulator is dissolved in water, and the conductivity of the aqueous solution is detected. Then, the amount of change in the conductivity is converted into an equivalent salt adhesion density to determine the amount of adhered contaminants.

[0003]

However, in the conventional method, the destructive measurement is performed because the adhered contaminant to be measured is dissolved in water. For this reason, there is a problem that the temporal change in the amount of the adhered fouling material cannot be directly obtained, and the measurement is intermittent and continuous data cannot be obtained.

The present invention has been made by focusing on the problems existing in such conventional techniques. The purpose is to directly obtain the amount of fouling substances adhered to the outdoor structure as a change with time, and to continuously measure the amount of fouling substances to obtain continuous data. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for measuring an attached matter.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for measuring the amount of deposits on an outdoor structure, which can increase the measurement accuracy of the amount of adhered contaminants or the amount of attached electrolyte. Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for measuring a substance adhering to an outdoor structure, which can prevent stop and divergence of vibration of a piezoelectric vibrator and can suppress a measurement error.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the invention of a method for measuring a deposit on an outdoor structure according to claim 1 uses an insulator as the outdoor structure, and uses an insulator. > A piezoelectric vibrator is mounted on the surface of the
A thin film made of the same or similar material as the insulator surface
And detecting the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator, and obtaining the amount of adhered and contaminants based on the change in the resonance frequency.

[0007] The invention described in claim 2 is the first invention.
In the method for measuring the attached matter on an outdoor structure described in the above, the ratio between the electrolyte and the non-electrolyte in the attached soiled matter is detected, and the attached electrolytic mass is obtained from the ratio and the amount of the attached soiled matter.

[0008] Further, according to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the change in the resonance frequency is corrected based on the temperature, humidity or the amount of dew condensation by a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor or a dew sensor. is there.

The invention described in claim 4 is the same as the invention described in claim 2.
In the invention described in the above, while directly obtaining the electrolytic mass in the adherent contaminant by intermittent measurement, detecting the ratio between electrolyte and non-electrolyte, and obtaining the electrolytic mass during intermittent measurement by the ratio and the amount of adherent contaminant It is.

[0010] Further, the invention of an apparatus for measuring a substance adhering to an outdoor structure according to a fifth aspect of the present invention provides an insulator as an outdoor structure.
Was used to So設the piezoelectric vibrator on the surface of that same or similar material as the insulator surface in the detection surface of the piezoelectric vibrator
And a measuring means for determining the amount of adhered and contaminants based on a change in the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator .

[0011] Then, a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the measuring apparatus of the deposits in the outdoor structure according to claim 5, the piezoelectric vibrator is accommodated in the concave surface of the front Ki碍 child
It is a thing.

The invention described in claim 7 is the same as the invention described in claim 5.
In the measuring device of the attached matter in the outdoor structure according to the described, provided with a detection means for detecting the ratio of electrolyte and non-electrolyte in the attached fouling, by the detected ratio and the amount of fouling in the measuring means , deposited Ru electrolytic mass calculated <br/> Me is also to the.

Further, in the invention according to claim 8, in the invention according to claim 5, the central portion of the piezoelectric vibrator is concealed, and the amount of adhered contaminants is determined at the outer peripheral portion.
In addition, according to the ninth aspect of the present invention, in the fifth aspect of the present invention, the leg portion having one end fixed to the outdoor structure and the center portion of the piezoelectric vibrator provided at the other end of the leg portion are contaminated by the contaminant. A concealing body having a central concealing portion for concealing from the piezoelectric vibrator is disposed at a predetermined distance from the piezoelectric vibrator, and the amount of adhered contaminants is determined based on a decrease in the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator.

Further, according to the invention of claim 10, in claim 9
According to the invention, the concealing body is provided with an outer periphery concealing portion for concealing a peripheral portion of the piezoelectric vibrator from contamination, and obtains the amount of adhered contaminants based on a decrease in the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator.

[0015]

According to the method and the apparatus for measuring an attached matter on an outdoor structure according to claim 1 and 5, the outdoor structure is provided.
Using the insulator as, the natural frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator mounted on the surface of that is detected as the resonance frequency. When a contaminant adheres to the detection surface of the piezoelectric vibrator and a load is applied, the resonance frequency changes according to the amount of the contaminant. The amount of adhered contaminants is determined based on the change in the resonance frequency. Also, the pressure
The same or similar material as the insulator surface
A thin film of quality is provided. Because of this, piezoelectric vibration
It is possible to keep the detection surface of the insulator almost the same as the surface of the insulator.
When the detection surface of the piezoelectric vibrator and the surface of the insulator
Can prevent the adhesion amount of
A measurement can be made.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the change in the resonance frequency is corrected based on the temperature, humidity, or dew amount by the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, or the dew sensor, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the amount of adhered contaminants. Further, in the invention according to claim 4, the electrolytic mass in the adhered contaminant is directly obtained by the intermittent measurement, and the ratio between the electrolyte and the non-electrolyte is detected. It is determined by physical quantity. Therefore, the measurement accuracy of the attached electrolytic mass is further improved.

Further, in the method and the apparatus for measuring the attached matter on the outdoor structure according to the second and seventh aspects, the change of the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator mounted on the surface of the outdoor structure is performed in the same manner as described above. The amount of the adhered fouling substance is determined based on At the same time, the ratio between the electrolyte and the non-electrolyte in the adhered fouling material is detected. Then, the mass of the adhered electrolyte is determined from the detected ratio and the amount of the adhered contaminants.

Furthermore, the measuring device of the deposits in the outdoor structure according to claim 6, the housing recess is provided on the surface of the 碍 element, the piezoelectric vibrator is accommodated in the accommodating recess. For this reason, it is possible to arrange the detection surface of the piezoelectric vibrator substantially coplanar with the insulator surface, it is possible to perform a more accurate measurement of the deposit.

In the invention according to claim 8, the central portion of the piezoelectric vibrator is concealed, and the amount of the adhered contaminants is determined at the outer peripheral portion. At the center of the piezoelectric vibrator, the vibration stops or the resonance frequency increases due to the characteristics of the piezoelectric vibrator.
It is unsuitable for measuring the amount of fouling. Therefore, the amount of the contaminated material can be reliably measured by calculating the amount of the contaminated material in the outer peripheral portion other than this portion.

In addition, according to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the concealing body includes a leg having one end fixed to the outdoor structure, and a center concealing portion provided at the other end of the leg. It is arranged at a more predetermined distance. Therefore, the central portion of the piezoelectric vibrator is concealed from the contamination by the central concealing portion.

Therefore, the amount of fouling can be measured more accurately in a region excluding the center of the piezoelectric vibrator where the vibration stops or the resonance frequency increases due to the characteristics of the piezoelectric vibrator.

Further, in the invention according to claim 10, the concealing body is provided with an outer periphery concealing part in addition to the center concealing part.
Therefore, the peripheral portion of the piezoelectric vibrator is also hidden from the contamination.
On the other hand, in the peripheral portion of the piezoelectric vibrator, the mass load sensitivity of the contaminated material greatly changes based on the characteristics of the piezoelectric vibrator, and an error easily occurs in the measurement of the amount of the contaminated material. Therefore, by hiding the peripheral portion of the piezoelectric vibrator, the measurement error can be reduced and the measurement accuracy of the amount of contaminated material can be improved.

[0023]

First Embodiment Hereinafter, a first method and a first apparatus for measuring a deposit on an outdoor structure embodying the invention according to claim 1, claim 3, claim 5, and claim 6 will be described. An embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the insulator 1 as an outdoor structure is formed of porcelain or the like, and its surface is coated with an insulator glaze. The housing recess 2 is formed on the lower surface of the cap of the insulator 1, and a protective housing 3 is mounted inside the housing recess 2. The piezoelectric vibrator 4 is accommodated in the protective housing 3, and its detection surface 4 a is exposed from the lower surface of the protective housing 3, and is disposed substantially on the same plane as the lower surface of the cap portion of the insulator 1.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a thickness shear vibration mode is used as the piezoelectric vibrator 4 and a piezoelectric body 5 is used.
And a pair of electrodes 6 and 7 bonded to both surfaces thereof. The piezoelectric body 5 is formed of, for example, an AT-cut quartz crystal. The electrodes 6 and 7 are made of highly corrosion-resistant gold or the like, and the surface of one of the electrodes 7 is a detection surface 4a. The cable 8 is connected to the electrodes 6 and 7 and is drawn out through the inside of the protective tube 9.

The thin film 10 is provided on the detection surface 4a of the piezoelectric vibrator 4.
In addition, a predetermined thickness is formed over the entire surface. The thin film 10 is formed by coating the same insulator glaze as the insulator glaze applied to the surface of the insulator 1 or a similar substance such as silica by vapor deposition or the like. And this thin film 1
0, the detection surface 4a of the piezoelectric vibrator 4 is maintained to have substantially the same surface properties as the surface of the insulator 1, and the detection surface 4a of the piezoelectric vibrator 4 and the surface of the insulator 1 are contaminated under substantially the same conditions. So that it adheres.

As shown in FIG. 1, the oscillation circuit 11 is connected to the electrodes 6 and 7 of the piezoelectric vibrator 4 via a cable 8 and vibrates the piezoelectric body 5 of the piezoelectric vibrator 4 at a natural frequency. The natural frequency of the piezoelectric body 5 is determined by the oscillation circuit 11
Of the piezoelectric vibrator 4
When a load is applied by the contaminants adhering to a, the natural frequency, that is, the resonance frequency changes according to the amount of the contaminants adhering.

The frequency counter 12 is connected to the oscillation circuit 11 and continuously reads the change in the resonance frequency of the oscillation circuit 11. The calculation unit 13 is connected to the frequency counter 12, and based on a change in the resonance frequency read by the frequency counter 12, based on a calibration characteristic prepared in advance, a contaminant attached to the detection surface 4 a of the piezoelectric vibrator 4, that is, the surface of the insulator 1. Calculate the amount of In this embodiment, the frequency counter 12 and the operation unit 13 constitute a measuring means for obtaining the amount of adhered and contaminants.

The temperature sensor 14 is connected to the calculation unit 13 via a converter 15, detects the temperature near the piezoelectric vibrator 4, and outputs a detection signal to the calculation unit 13. The humidity sensor 16 is connected to the calculation unit 13 via the converter 17,
The air humidity near the piezoelectric vibrator 4 is detected, and the detection signal is output to the calculation unit 13. The dew condensation sensor 18 is connected to the calculation unit 13 via the converter 19, detects the amount of water attached to the detection surface 4a of the piezoelectric vibrator 4, that is, the dew condensation amount, and outputs a detection signal to the calculation unit 13.

The operation unit 13 is provided with a temperature sensor 14
The frequency change is corrected based on the temperature detection signal from. Further, the arithmetic section 13 takes in the humidity detection signal from the humidity sensor 16 and adds the temperature detection signal from the temperature sensor 14 to derive the amount of dew condensation on the detection surface 4a of the piezoelectric vibrator 4, thereby obtaining the frequency change. Is corrected. Further, the calculation unit 13 corrects the frequency change based on the dew amount detection signal from the dew amount sensor 18.

As the condensation sensor 18, there are a method of detecting capacitance, a method of using a piezoelectric vibrator, and a method of detecting surface resistance. In the method of detecting the capacitance, for example, the surface of the facing electrode is coated with an insulator glaze or a similar substance to form a detection unit, and a change in the capacitance due to the adhesion of water to the detection unit is detected. In the method using a piezoelectric vibrator, a piezoelectric vibrator having the same configuration as that for measuring the amount of adhered contaminants described above is used, and its detection surface is covered with a dustproof filter that allows air to pass through but not bulk flying objects. Then, a change in frequency due to only condensation is detected.

Next, the operation of the apparatus for measuring a deposit on an outdoor structure having the above-described structure will be described. When measuring the attached matter of the insulator 1 with the measuring device of this embodiment, the piezoelectric vibrator 4 mounted in the accommodation recess 2 of the insulator 1 is vibrated by the oscillation circuit 11 at a natural frequency. The natural frequency of the piezoelectric body 5 is determined by the oscillation circuit 11
Of the piezoelectric vibrator 4
When a contaminant adheres to a and a load is applied, the natural frequency, that is, the resonance frequency, changes according to the amount of the contaminant.

The change of the resonance frequency of the oscillation circuit 11 is continuously read by the frequency counter 12.
Then, the resonance frequency from the frequency counter 12 and
The detection signals from the sensors 14, 16, and 18 are calculated by the arithmetic unit 13
Then, the amount of contaminants adhering to the detection surface 4 a of the piezoelectric vibrator 4, that is, the surface of the insulator 1 is calculated by the calibration characteristics prepared in advance. In addition, in the case of rapid soiling measurement near the coast or the like, when most of the soiled substances can be regarded as salt, the amount of the soiled substances can be managed as the amount of the soiled soil = the amount of the salted soil.

As described above, according to the measuring method of the first embodiment, there is no need to dissolve the polluted substance adhered to the surface of the insulator 1 as a measuring object in water, so that there is no possibility of destructive measurement. Therefore, it is possible to directly obtain the amount of fouling adhering to the surface of the insulator 1 as a change with time, and to continuously measure the amount of fouling fouling to obtain continuous data.

Further, in the measuring apparatus of this embodiment, a housing recess 2 is provided on the surface of the insulator 1, and a piezoelectric vibrator 4 is housed in the housing recess 2 via a protective housing 3. On the detection surface 4a of the piezoelectric vibrator 4, a thin film 10 made of the same or similar substance as the surface of the insulator 1 is formed. For this reason, the detection surface 4a of the piezoelectric vibrator 4 is
And the surface of the insulator 1 can be prevented from being different in the amount of contaminants attached to the detection surface 4a of the piezoelectric vibrator 4 and the surface of the insulator 1. Therefore, the amount of contaminants adhering to the surface of the insulator 1 can be accurately measured. (Second Embodiment) Next, claims 2, 3, and 7 will be described.
A second embodiment of the method and the apparatus for measuring the attached matter in an outdoor structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

In the measuring device of the second embodiment, in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a leakage current sensor 21 as a detecting means is arranged near the piezoelectric vibrator 4, and It is connected to the calculation unit 13 via the unit 22. As shown in FIG. 5 (b), the leakage current sensor 21 is configured by arranging a pair of electrodes 24 and 25 on the surface of an insulating substrate 23 on a concentric circle. The detection unit 21a is provided.

Then, a plurality of types of mixtures of an electrolyte such as sodium chloride and a non-electrolyte such as ash are prepared in advance at different mixing ratios, and as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b), 4 and the detection unit 21a of the leakage current sensor 21 are adhered by the same amount. In this state, a change in the frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator 4 is detected, and the detecting section 21a of the leak current sensor 21 is dewed to detect a leak current. Such frequency change and leakage current detection are repeatedly performed with the mixture ratio of the mixture and the amount of adhesion changed, and calibration characteristics as shown in FIG. 6 are created in advance.

When measuring the deposits on the insulator 1 with the measuring device of the second embodiment, the resonance frequency of the oscillation circuit 11 based on the piezoelectric vibrator 4 is measured as in the case of the first embodiment. Are continuously read by the frequency counter 12. Then, in the arithmetic unit 13, the resonance frequency from the frequency counter 12 and each of the sensors 14, 1
Based on the detection signals from 6 and 18, the amount of contaminants adhering to the detection surface 4a of the piezoelectric vibrator 4, that is, the surface of the insulator 1, is obtained.

On the other hand, the leakage current is detected by the leakage current sensor 21 as needed, and the detection signal is taken into the arithmetic unit 13. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the arithmetic unit 13 calculates the ratio between the electrolyte and the non-electrolyte in the adhered contaminant based on the calibration characteristics prepared in advance, and calculates the ratio The electrolytic mass is calculated.

Therefore, in the measuring method of the second embodiment, the electrolytic mass in the contaminated matter adhered to the surface of the insulator 1 can be directly obtained as a change with time, and the electrolytic mass is continuously measured. Thus, continuous data can be obtained. (Third Embodiment) Further, claim 2, claim 3, and claim 4
A third embodiment of a method and an apparatus for measuring a deposit on an outdoor structure, which embodies the invention of claim 7 will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8.

In the measuring apparatus of the third embodiment, an intermittent measuring apparatus 26 for intermittently measuring the absolute value of the electrolytic mass is provided in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment shown in FIG. It is connected to the calculation unit 13 via the unit 27.
This intermittent measuring device 26 measures the electrolytic mass attached to the insulator 1
For example, the measurement is performed at predetermined intervals as shown by t1 and t2 in FIG. 8 by the same measurement method as in the related art, and the absolute value of the electrolytic mass is output to the calculation unit 13.

When measuring the attached matter of the insulator 1 by the measuring device of the third embodiment, the oscillation circuit 11 based on the piezoelectric vibrator 4 is used as in the case of the first embodiment.
Is continuously read by the frequency counter 12. Then, in the arithmetic unit 13, the resonance frequency from the frequency counter 12 and each of the sensors 14, 1
The total amount of contaminants adhering to the detection surface 4 a of the piezoelectric vibrator 4, that is, the surface of the insulator 1 is obtained from the detection signals from 6 and 18.

On the other hand, the intermittent measuring device 26 measures the electrolytic mass adhering to the insulator 1 at predetermined time intervals, and the absolute value of the electrolytic mass is taken into the arithmetic unit 13. Then, as shown in FIG. 8, at the intermittent measurement time points t1 and t2 of the electrolytic mass, the arithmetic unit 13 calculates the ratio of the electrolyte to the total amount of polluted matter from the absolute value of the electrolytic mass. The attached electrolytic mass is calculated based on the physical quantity.
In the third embodiment, the absolute value of the electrolytic mass is directly obtained, and the ratio with the total amount of pollutants is obtained. In the second embodiment, the ratio between the electrolytic mass and the non-electrolytic mass obtained in advance is calculated. The difference is that the electrolytic mass is indirectly determined using the calibration curve represented.

Accordingly, also in the third embodiment, the electrolytic mass in the contaminated material adhered to the surface of the insulator 1 can be directly obtained as a change with time, and the measurement of the electrolytic mass is continuously performed. Data can be obtained. (Fourth Embodiment) Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG.
Is formed by an annular fixed edge 31 and four support legs 32 extending in a cross shape from the fixed edge 31 toward the center, and a leg 33 supported by the leg 33 and located at the center thereof. A central concealing portion 34 is provided. The fixed edge 31 is bonded and fixed to the opening edge of the housing recess 2 of the insulator 1, and the center concealing portion 34 is arranged at a predetermined gap from the detection surface 4 a of the piezoelectric vibrator 4. The smaller this gap is, the more preferable it is because the surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 4 can be prevented from being stained. Measurement becomes impossible. Therefore, the concealing body 30 is arranged so as not to contact the vibrator 4.

The center concealing portion 34 covers the central portion of the disk-shaped piezoelectric vibrator 4 to reduce the amount of contaminants adhering to the region, thereby stopping vibration based on the characteristics of the quartz vibrator. Divergence, i.e., the unilateral increase in the frequency of the vibrator 4 is prevented. In this embodiment, a thin film 10 for protection is not formed on the surface of the vibrator 4.

In this embodiment, since the central portion of the piezoelectric vibrator 4 is concealed by the central concealing portion 34 of the concealing body 30, the amount of extraneous matter adhering to the other area is determined by the vibrator 4. Is measured. That is, using the mass load sensitivity measured in advance, the amount of adhered contaminants is determined as an average value by reducing the resonance frequency of the vibrator 4.
At this time, since the adhesion of the contaminants to the central region of the vibrator 4 is suppressed, the vibration and divergence of the vibrator 4 can be effectively prevented, and the mass measurement by the vibrator 4 can be performed reliably and accurately. it can. The term “mass load sensitivity” as used herein refers to a rate of change in frequency with respect to a unit amount of adhered contamination.

Next, FIG. 13 shows the ratio (%) of the mass load sensitivity of the contaminated material and the ratio (%) of the deviation from the center of the piezoelectric vibrator 4.
6 is a graph showing a relationship with the graph. As shown in this graph, the vicinity of the center of the vibrator 4, that is, the ratio of deviation is 0 to 4
In the range of 0%, the mass load sensitivity is high, but the change is large, so that the measurement accuracy of the amount of contaminants decreases. Further, even in the outer peripheral portion of the vibrator 4, that is, in the range of the deviation of 80 to 100%, the change in the mass load sensitivity is observed. On the other hand, the intermediate portion thereof, that is, the ratio of deviation is 40 to 80.
In the range of%, the mass load sensitivity is almost constant. Therefore, by covering at least the central portion of the vibrator 4 with the central concealing portion 34 as in the above-described embodiment, the amount of contaminated material can be accurately measured.

FIG. 14 is a graph showing the relationship between the mass load of the contaminated material and the deviation from the center of the piezoelectric vibrator 4. In this graph, a white circle indicates a measurement value at which the resonance frequency of the vibration of the vibrator 4 is reduced and the amount of contaminants by the vibrator 4 can be measured. A black circle indicates that the vibration of the vibrator 4 stops,
The measured values are divergent. The characteristic curve indicates a boundary between a measurable range and an unmeasurable range. As shown in this graph, it can be seen that the closer to the center of the vibrator 4, the more easily the vibrator 4 stops or diverges with a small mass load, in other words, the more the vibrator 4 stops or diverges. (Fifth Embodiment) Next, a fifth embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to FIG.

In this embodiment, in addition to the central concealing portion 34 of the fourth embodiment, the concealing body 30 is provided concentrically with an outer peripheral concealing portion 35 having a predetermined width at a predetermined distance from the central concealing portion 34. Have been. The outer peripheral edge of the outer peripheral concealing portion 35 is set at a position corresponding to the outer peripheral edge of the vibrator 4.

As shown in FIG. 13, the outer peripheral portion of the vibrator 4 has a change in mass load sensitivity, which causes a measurement error and lowers the measurement accuracy. For this reason, such an area can be concealed by the outer periphery concealing portion 35, and an error in the frequency measurement of the vibration of the vibrator 4 can be suppressed. Therefore, according to this embodiment, stoppage and divergence of the vibration of the vibrator 4 can be prevented, and the measurement accuracy of the contaminated material can be improved.

The present invention is not limited to the configuration of each of the above embodiments, but can be embodied by changing the configuration as follows. (1) As the piezoelectric vibrator 4, another vibration mode such as a surface acoustic wave shown in FIG. 9 is used. In the piezoelectric vibrator 4, a pair of electrodes 6 and 7 are arranged in parallel on the surface of the piezoelectric body 5, and a space between the electrodes 6 and 7 is a detection surface 4 a. (2) As shown in FIG. 10, a measurement object 28 having the same shape as that of the insulator 1 is formed of stainless steel or the like, and the piezoelectric vibrator 4 is mounted in the accommodation recess 29 of the measurement object 28 to measure the adhesion. To do. (3) The present invention is applied to the measurement of deposits on an outdoor structure such as another building different from the insulator 1 of the above embodiment. (4) Combining the method of the second embodiment and the method of the third embodiment to increase the measurement accuracy of the electrolytic mass. (5) Omitting at least one of temperature correction, humidity correction and dew condensation correction. (6) The piezoelectric vibrator 4 is attached and fixed to the bottom surface, the side surface, the slope, etc. of the groove between the folds formed on the lower surface of the cap portion of the insulator 1 with an adhesive. (7) In the fourth and fifth embodiments, the annular fixed edge 31 is fixed to the lower part of the protective housing 3. (8) In the fourth and fifth embodiments, the support legs 32
The number, width, thickness, etc. of the above may be appropriately increased or decreased according to the purpose. (9) In the fourth and fifth embodiments, the concealing unit 3
The diameter, shape, etc. of 4, 35 are appropriately changed according to the purpose.

Incidentally, technical ideas other than the claims grasped from the embodiments will be described below together with their effects. (1) The apparatus for measuring a deposit on an outdoor structure according to claim 8, wherein the leg of the concealing body is a support leg extending radially from the center. With this configuration, the center concealing portion and the outer periphery concealing portion can be supported, and the measurement range by the piezoelectric vibrator can be secured. (2) The apparatus for measuring a deposit on an outdoor structure according to claim 8, wherein the leg of the concealing body has an annular fixed edge. With this configuration, the concealing body can be firmly fixed to the outdoor structure.

[0054]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following excellent effects. According to the first and fifth aspects of the present invention, the amount of fouling substances adhering to an outdoor structure can be directly obtained as a change with time, and the amount of fouling substances adhering to the outdoor structure is continuously measured to obtain continuous data. Obtainable. Also, the piezoelectric vibrator
Detection surface is almost the same as the surface of the insulator as an outdoor structure
Properties of the piezoelectric vibrator and the insulator
It is possible to prevent the amount of fouling material from being different from the surface.
In this case, an accurate measurement of the deposit can be performed.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the accuracy of measurement of the amount of adhered contaminants can be improved by performing correction based on temperature, humidity, or the amount of dew condensation. Furthermore, according to the invention described in claim 4, since the electrolytic mass in the adhered contaminant is directly measured by intermittent measurement, and the electrolytic mass is determined based on this, the measurement accuracy of the electrolytic mass can be further improved. .

According to the second and seventh aspects of the present invention, it is possible to directly determine the electrolytic mass in the contaminated material adhered to the outdoor structure as a change with time, and to continuously measure the electrolytic mass. And continuous data can be obtained.

Further, according to the invention described in claim 6,
Placing the detection surface of the piezoelectric vibrator substantially coplanar with the surface of 碍 child
Can make more accurate measurement of deposits
it can.

In addition, according to the eighth and ninth aspects of the present invention,
Stopping and diverging of the vibration of the piezoelectric vibrator can be prevented, and the mass measurement of the amount of adhered contaminants can be performed more reliably. According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the measurement error can be suppressed by performing measurement at a portion where the mass load sensitivity of the piezoelectric vibrator is stable.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of a method and an apparatus for measuring a deposit on an outdoor structure embodying the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view showing a sensor part in the measuring device.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a piezoelectric vibrator taken out of a sensor unit.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of a method and an apparatus for measuring attached matter in an outdoor structure embodying the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view showing a sensor used for the measuring method and the measuring device.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing calibration characteristics used in the measurement method and the measurement device.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a third embodiment of a method and an apparatus for measuring attached matter on an outdoor structure embodying the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the measurement results of the deposits in the measurement method and the measurement device.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the piezoelectric vibrator of the sensor unit.

FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional view showing another embodiment of the arrangement of the sensor unit.

FIG. 11 is a partial sectional view showing a sensor portion and a concealing portion for concealing the sensor portion in another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a partial bottom view of FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a graph showing a relationship between mass load sensitivity and deviation from the center of the piezoelectric vibrator.

FIG. 14 is a graph showing a relationship between a mass load and a deviation from the center of the piezoelectric vibrator.

FIG. 15 is a bottom view showing a concealing portion in still another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Insulator as an outdoor structure, 2 ... Housing concave part, 4 ... Piezoelectric vibrator, 4a ... Detection surface, 5 ... Piezoelectric body, 6 ... Electrode, 7 ... Electrode, 10 ... Thin film, 11 ... Oscillation circuit, 12 ... Measurement Frequency counter constituting means, 13 ... calculating section constituting measuring means, 21 ... leakage current sensor constituting detecting means, 33 ...
Legs, 34: central concealing part, 35: outer peripheral concealing part.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-60-39530 (JP, A) JP-A-4-289438 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01H 13/00 H03H 9/17

Claims (10)

(57) [Claims] [Claim 1] using the insulator as outdoor structures, and So設the piezoelectric vibrator on the surface of that, the detection surface of the piezoelectric vibrator
Form a thin film of the same or similar material on the surface of the insulator
A method for measuring the amount of fouling on an outdoor structure , comprising detecting a resonance frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator and obtaining a fouling amount based on a change in the resonance frequency. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein a ratio between the electrolyte and the non-electrolyte in the adhered fouling substance is detected.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the mass of the adhered electrolyte is determined. 3. A change in the resonance frequency is represented by a temperature sensor.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the correction is performed based on a temperature, a humidity, or a dew amount by a humidity sensor or a dew sensor. 4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: directly calculating an electrolytic mass in the adhered contaminant by intermittent measurement, detecting a ratio between an electrolyte and a non-electrolyte, and obtaining an electrolytic mass between intermittent measurements by the ratio and the amount of adhered contaminant. Claim 2.
3. The method for measuring an attached matter on an outdoor structure according to the above. 5. Using the insulator as outdoor structures, and So設the piezoelectric vibrator on the surface of that, the detection surface of the piezoelectric vibrator
Form a thin film of the same or similar material on the surface of the insulator
And measuring means for obtaining the amount of fouling substances based on a change in the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator . 6. The measuring apparatus of the deposits in the outdoor structure according to claim 5 containing a piezoelectric vibrator to the concave surface of the front Ki碍 child. 7. A detecting means for detecting a ratio between an electrolyte and a non-electrolyte in the adhering fouling substance, wherein the measuring means
Measuring device deposits in outdoor structures described by the attached fouling amount and the detected ratio, the 請 Motomeko 5 asking you to adhere electrolytic mass Te. 8. The apparatus for measuring the attached matter in an outdoor structure according to claim 5, wherein the central part of the piezoelectric vibrator is concealed, and the amount of attached contaminant is obtained at an outer peripheral part. 9. A leg having one end fixed to an outdoor structure;
A concealing body provided with a center concealing portion provided at the other end of the leg and concealing the center of the piezoelectric vibrator from contamination by contaminants is disposed at a predetermined distance from the piezoelectric vibrator, The apparatus for measuring the amount of fouling on an outdoor structure according to claim 5, wherein the amount of fouling and fouling is determined based on the decrease in the resonance frequency. 10. The outdoor structure according to claim 9, wherein the concealing body is provided with an outer peripheral concealing portion for concealing a peripheral portion of the piezoelectric vibrator from contamination, and obtaining an amount of adhered and contaminant based on a decrease in a resonance frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator. Deposit measurement device.