JP3014544B2 - Electric motor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a motor comprising a stator and an armature.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, an electric motor has a winding on an armature to generate torque, and a winding on the armature to generate electromotive force in a generator. These armature windings are performed by various methods, and the method generally performed so far is a drum-shaped winding, which includes a parallel winding and a series winding. The former parallel winding is used for electric machines for large capacity and large current, and the latter series winding is used for electric machines for medium and small capacity and relatively high voltage.

[0003]

The electric machine provided with the armature wound as described above has a problem of biasing the neutral phase of the magnetic field to one side and a problem of a cross-magnetization effect. This leads to a reduction in the electromotive force generated in the generator or a reduction in the torque generated in the motor. Therefore, it is necessary to add an extra compensating winding and an intermediate pole with a winding to the normal winding so as to compensate for the electromotive force generated by the magnetic flux generated by the reaction of the armature. However, providing such a compensating winding and the intermediate pole with the winding has the disadvantage that the size of the motor is increased and the structure is complicated.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks,
It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric motor which is simple and small without providing a compensating winding or an intermediate pole, uses less electricity, and can obtain a larger output than ordinary electric machines.

[0005]

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an electric motor comprising a stator and an armature rotatably penetrating through the stator. Are eight permanent magnets arranged at an equal interval to form an annular shape, and eight equidistantly spaced apart magnets located on inner surfaces between the permanent magnets and supporting the permanent magnets.
The armature comprises a shaft, 24 commutators fixed to the shaft, and the fixed when DC current is supplied through the commutator and four pairs of brushes. An outer periphery of the shaft having independent coils respectively wound and connected to the two conducting segments of the commutator so as to form an independent circuit for interacting with one of the permanent magnets of the armature and for inducing a magnetic field in the silicon steel piece; When the power is supplied to the independent coil of the armature, the armature interacts with the eight permanent magnets of the stator to simultaneously operate the four magnetic field groups. , The motor is configured.

[0006]

When electric power is supplied to the independent coil, the electric motor configured as described above interacts with a plurality of permanent magnets of the stator to generate a plurality of magnetic field groups simultaneously.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

In the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, reference numeral 100 denotes a motor of the present invention. The motor 100 includes a stator 1 and an armature 2 as main components.

The stator 1 has a plurality of permanent magnets 11 arranged at equal intervals and in a ring shape, and the permanent magnets 11 are located on inner surfaces between the plurality of permanent magnets 11, respectively. It is composed of a plurality of silicon steel pieces (silicon steel pieces) 12 that are supported at equal intervals and are separated.

The armature 2 has a plurality of pole segments 21 fixed to a shaft 20 around which separate independent coils 211 are respectively wound, and both ends of each independent coil 211 are fixed to the shaft 20. It is connected to each of the two conductive segments of the commutator 22 to have a separate circuit in which current is supplied through the conductive segments of the commutator 22 and the brushes 23. The armature 2 of the DC motor of this embodiment is configured to have eight poles as shown in FIGS.

That is, the commutator 22 of the armature 2 is divided into 24 conduction segments 22a, and each of the two conduction segments 22a has twelve ports to form an independent circuit.
And connected to both ends of an independent coil 211 wound around each of the segments 21. Also, the twelve pole segments 21 form 12 units, A to L, and four pairs of brushes 23 in contact with the commutator 22 are provided for sending a direct current to the commutator 22. .

When a direct current is supplied to the independent coil 211 via the brush 23 and the commutator 22, the separation magnetic field 4
The groups can be created by independent coils 211 to interact with the poles or permanent magnets 11 of the stator 1. For this reason, a large torque can be obtained as if four separate motors were functioning simultaneously.

The stator 1 is functionally divided into four parts 1, 2, 3, and 4 by a brush 23 as shown in FIG.
Each part has two permanent magnets 11 which interact with each three pole segments 21 of the armature 2. Brush 23
Constitutes a dividing function, and a part of the stator 1 is
The pole segments A, B, and C, the two parts are the pole segments D, E, and F, and the three parts are the pole segments G,
Assuming that H, I and the four parts interact with the pole segments J, K, L, respectively, a direct current flows through all the pole segments 21 through the brush 23 and the commutator 22.
Is supplied to the independent coil 211 of the stator 1, the pole segment A
Induces a magnetic field that rejects the same polarity of one of the permanent magnets 11 to rotate the armature 2. At this time, one of the brushes 23
Bract original contact point A ₁ of the contact point A ₁ of contacting the commutator 22 is moved L ₁ as shown in FIG.

At this position, no brush 23 is in contact with the contact point B ₁ of the commutator 22, so that the pole segment B is attached to the permanent magnet 11 facing the pole segment B.
Not magnetized to induce a magnetic field that interacts with
It does not create a pulling force on the rotation of the segment A. At the same time, the pole segment C receives the bias current from the brush 23 when the conduction segments C ₁ and C ₁ of the commutator 22 receive the bias current.
Le segment A moves further, since again replaces the contact point L ₁ of the commutator 22 at the contact point B _1, port - Le Segment C
Is magnetized so as to generate a rejection force on the permanent magnet 11 facing the surface. At this time, the pole segment B induces a magnetic field that rejects the permanent magnet 11 facing the pole segment B, but the pole segment C does not generate a pulling force. At the same time, the pole segment D is the contact point D of the commutator 22.
_1, since the D ₁ receives a bias current, in contact with one of the brushes 23, positive - field reject permanent magnet 11 facing the Le segments D occurs.

Thus, a part of the armature 2 or one quarter of one rotation of the armature 2 is completed. At this time, the rest of the armature 2, 2, 3, 4 and the stator 1 interact with one another in the same manner in order to complete one round of rotation of the armature 2.

If this is shown in time segments, as shown in FIG. 6, the pole segments 21 in each of the four parts
Interact with the stator 1 at the same time. For example, a pole segment A in one part, a pole segment D in two parts, a pole segment G in three parts, and a pole segment J in four parts simultaneously interact with the corresponding pole segments in the stator 1. Act on.

Thus, the four groups of magnetic fields are simultaneously induced to interact with the permanent magnets, as if
A large torque is generated as obtained from two separate motors. At this time, the output generated by the armature 2 is greatly increased, and all the independent coils 211 wound around the pole segment 21 are independent of the other, thereby compensating the magnetic neutral phase bias. Against
The compensating windings and the intermediate pole windings of a typical DC motor can therefore be omitted, so as to simplify the structure of the DC motor. This consumes less electricity, but increases the rotational torque.

[0018]

As is apparent from the above description, the following effects can be obtained in the present invention.

(1) In an electric motor comprising a stator and an armature rotatably penetrating through the stator, the stators are arranged at regular intervals so as to form a ring. The armature comprises eight permanent magnets and eight silicon steel pieces which are located on the inner surface between the permanent magnets and are equidistant from each other to support the permanent magnets. 24 commutators fixed to the stator and interact with one of the stator permanent magnets when direct current is supplied through the commutator and four pairs of brushes to induce a magnetic field in the silicon steel piece And twelve pole segments fixed to cover the outer periphery of the shaft having independent coils respectively wound and connected to the two conductive segments of the commutator so as to form an independent circuit. When power is supplied to the independent coil of the armature, it interacts with the eight permanent magnets of the stator to generate four magnetic field groups simultaneously, so that power is supplied to the independent coil of the armature. Then, it can interact with the eight permanent magnets of the stator to generate four magnetic field groups simultaneously. Therefore, as if a large torque was 4
A large torque can be obtained as if two separate motors were functioning at the same time, and the structure was simple and the size could be reduced.

(2) According to the above (1), power consumption is reduced, and rotation torque can be increased.

(3) According to the above (1), it can be easily manufactured.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an armature in an electric motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a wiring diagram of brushes and armature independent coils associated with a commutator.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a pole segment of an armature and a pole of a stator.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing movement of a pole segment of an armature related to a pole of a stator.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing movement of a pole segment of an armature related to a pole of a stator.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a time distribution of the activated armature to the pole segments.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: stator, 2: armature, 11: permanent magnet, 12: silicon steel pie
20: shaft, 21: pole segment, 22: commutator, 23: brush, 100: electric motor, 211: independent coil.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H02K 23/04 H02K 23/26

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. An electric motor comprising a stator and an armature rotatably penetrating through the stator, wherein the stators are arranged at regular intervals so as to form an annular shape. Permanent magnets and equally spaced apart 8 which are located on the inner surface between the permanent magnets and support the permanent magnets, respectively.
The armature comprises a shaft, 24 commutators fixed to the shaft, and the fixed when DC current is supplied through the commutator and four pairs of brushes. An outer periphery of the shaft having independent coils respectively wound and connected to the two conducting segments of the commutator so as to form an independent circuit for interacting with one of the permanent magnets of the armature and for inducing a magnetic field in the silicon steel piece; When the power is supplied to the independent coil of the armature, the armature interacts with the eight permanent magnets of the stator to simultaneously operate the four magnetic field groups. An electric motor characterized in that: