JP3009628B2 - Manhole cover opening and closing machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a manhole cover opening / closing device used for opening / closing manhole covers such as sewers and underground communication lines.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There are various methods for opening and closing a manhole cover. One of them is a method using a manhole key A as shown in FIG. In this method, a manhole key A is held by two workers one by one, and their hooks B are inserted into each of two through-holes D opened in a manhole cover C, and the manhole key A is inserted in FIG. Ground E like)
Is tilted in the direction of arrow X with the lower end F of the manhole key A in contact with the fulcrum as a fulcrum.
And pushes up the manhole cover C, thereby lifting the manhole cover C opened by two workers and moving the manhole cover C sideways.

The above manhole key A may be used by one worker. In that case, hook B of manhole key A
Is inserted into one of the two through holes D opened in the manhole cover C, and the manhole key A is inserted in FIG.
As shown in (a), the lower end F of the manhole key A which is in contact with the ground E is tilted in the direction of the arrow X using the lower end F as a fulcrum.
As shown in FIG. 9, a roller H such as a log or a pipe is inserted under the manhole cover C which has been pryed open.
Is pulled in the direction of the arrow X in FIG. 9 to roll on the roller H and move laterally.

In another method, as shown in FIG. 10, a wire G is inserted into two through holes D of a manhole cover C and locked, and a central portion of the wire G is pulled up by a large crane prepared at the site. Is the way.

[0005]

However, the method using the manhole key A has the following problems. . The manhole cover C is made of metal, and usually has a small size of 125 kg and a large size of 195 kg. . Since the manhole cover C is stepped on by a vehicle passing on the road, mud and dust entering the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the manhole cover C and the manhole frame I outside the manhole cover C are pressed by the manhole cover C and solidified. C is hard to come off. For this reason, a particularly large force is required to open the manhole cover C, resulting in more and more labor. . Two workers are required to open the manhole cover C, which increases labor costs. . Labor costs can be reduced if opened by a single worker, but opening the manhole cover C alone or inserting the roller H is very hard work, laborious, and severe.
It is also dangerous.

The above-mentioned method of hanging with a crane has the following problems. . Moving large cranes to the site is time consuming and expensive because of the need for large, powerful cranes. . There must be a wide area for installing cranes at the site, which hinders the traffic of people and vehicles, causes traffic congestion, and in some cases, can only be done during low traffic hours There is also. . Since the manhole cover is heavy, the wire may break during the lifting, and the manhole cover may fall to the ground, leading to an accident.

[0007] An object of the present invention is to provide a manhole cover opening / closing machine that can easily, safely and easily open and close a manhole cover by a worker alone by using the principle of leverage and lifting by a crane. To provide.

[0008]

The manhole cover opening and closing device according to the first aspect of the present invention is inserted into two through holes 2 opened in the manhole cover 1 as shown in FIGS. The two hooks 3 to be locked and the lower end 4 provided above the respective hooks 3 and inserted into the through holes 2 so that the lower end 4 below the hooks 3 is in contact with the ground 5 or the manhole frame 18. And two connecting arms 9 whose outer ends 7 are rotatably connected to the upper portions of the respective supporting legs 6 and whose inner ends 8 are rotatably connected to each other. When the connecting portion 10 is pulled up, the inner end 8 of the connecting arm 9 is prevented from rotating more than necessary, and the lower end 4 of the supporting leg 6 whose lifting force is in contact with the ground 5 is removed. As a fulcrum, the lever 3 is applied as a lifting force to the hook 3 inserted into the through hole 2 by the principle of leverage. Those having a rotation restricting portion 11.

In the manhole cover opening and closing device according to the second aspect of the present invention, the support leg 6 is mounted as shown in FIGS.
The mounting portions 12 are formed apart from each other in the longitudinal direction of the connecting arms 9, and the supporting legs 6 are replaced with the mounting portions 12 to move the connecting portions 10 of the two connecting arms 9 to the mounting positions of the supporting legs 6. Can be changed.

In the manhole cover opening and closing device according to the third aspect of the present invention, a rotating wheel 15 is attached to the lower end 4 of the support leg 6 as shown in FIG.

[0011]

Embodiment 1 An embodiment of a manhole cover opening and closing device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. This manhole cover opening and closing machine includes a hook 3, a support leg 6, a connecting arm 9, and a rotation restricting portion 11.

The hook 3 is a metal round bar having a thickness that can be inserted into the through hole 2 opened in the manhole cover 1 and is fixed to the lower end of the rotating shaft 20 as shown in FIG. The upper part of the rotary shaft 20 is rotatably inserted into the L-shaped support plate 22, and the upper end 21 is crushed so as not to fall out of the support plate 22.
When it is rotated, it rotates in the same direction. Further, the vertical plate 24 of the support plate 22 is sandwiched between two metal plates 25 constituting the support leg 6, and a bolt 26 penetrating from the outside of the metal plate 25 and a nut 27 screwed thereto are used to support the support leg 6. It is fixed at the bottom of. The lower ends of the two metal plates 25 of the support leg 6 are connected by a connecting member 28.

At the upper end of each of the two support legs 6, the outer end 7 of each of the two connecting arms 9 is rotated by a bolt 29 penetrating from the outside of the support leg 6 and a nut 30 screwed thereto. The inner ends 8 of the connecting arms 9 are connected to each other so that the connecting bolts 31 and the nuts 32 screwed to the connecting bolts 31 are rotatable together with the rotation restricting portion 11 and the pulling tool 35.
Are connected by As shown in FIG. 3, the rotation restricting portion 11 is formed in a lateral L-shape by a vertical connecting plate 33 and a horizontal receiving plate 34, and when the lifting tool 35 is pulled up, the connecting arm 9 is moved. The inner end 8 rotates while being pulled upward, and the bottom surface 36 of the inner end 8 contacts the receiving plate 34 so that the inner end 8 cannot be further rotated upward. With such a structure, when the lifting tool 35 is further pulled upward in a state where the bottom surface 36 of the inner end 8 of the connecting arm 9 is in contact with and supported by the receiving plate 34, the lifting force is reduced to the ground. 5 is applied to the lower end 4 of the supporting leg 6 which is in contact with 5, and the lower end 4 is used as a fulcrum to apply a force in the direction of pushing up the manhole cover 1 to the hook 3 by the lever principle. Is pushed up.

At the outer end 7 of the connecting arm 9, a mounting groove 13 for mounting the support leg 6 is opened horizontally. At least two mounting portions 12 which are concave in an arc shape are formed at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the mounting groove 13 so that the support leg 6 can be mounted on the mounting portion 12 and the mounting position is changed. Thus, the span from the connecting portion 10 of the two connecting arms 9 to the support leg 6 can be changed. When the support leg 6 is attached to the inner attachment portion 12, the span is shortened, the hook 3 can be inserted into the through hole 2 of the manhole cover 1 having a small diameter, and when attached to the outer attachment portion 12, the span is long. Become. When the span is shortened, a small manhole cover 1 with a small diameter
Can be inserted into the through hole 2 of the manhole cover 1 having a large diameter when the span is lengthened.

[0015]

Second Embodiment In the first embodiment of the present invention, the rotation restricting portion 11 is separate from the two connecting arms 9, but in the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. Part 11
Are fixed integrally with one connecting arm 9. That is, a bottom plate 37 is protruded from the bottom surface 36 of the inner end 8 of one of the connection arms 9 (right side in FIG. 4), and a semi-circular reinforcing plate 38 is welded to the bottom surface of the bottom plate 37 to form Is pulled up, the inner end 8 of the connecting arm 9 rotates while being pulled up, and the bottom surface 36 of the inner end 8 of the other connecting arm 9 (the left side in FIG. 37
, So that the inner end 8 can no longer pivot upward.

[0016]

Third Embodiment A mounting portion 12 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is formed by recessing one step downward at both ends in the longitudinal direction of a mounting groove 13, and the mounting portion 12 has a hole as shown in FIG. Alternatively, two of them may be formed at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the connecting arm 9. By changing the support legs 6 to the two mounting portions 12, the connecting portions 10 of the two connecting arms 9 are connected.
The span from to the support leg 6 can be changed. The number of the holes (mounting portions 12) may be three or more, and the interval between the holes is not uniform and may be uneven.

[0017]

Fourth Embodiment In FIGS. 1 and 2, the lower end 4 of the support leg 6 is directly in contact with the ground (road surface) 5, but as shown in FIG. 4 and rotating wheel 15
Can also be installed. The rotating wheel 15 may be a caster or a roller as long as it can rotate. Rotating wheel 15
When there is no step, as shown in FIG. 6, when there is a step between the ground 5 and the iron manhole frame 18, the support leg 6 may move inward while the manhole cover 1 is being lifted. Alternatively, the lower end 4 of the support leg 6 is attached to the manhole frame 18.
However, in this embodiment, since the rotating wheel 15 is attached, there is no such inconvenience. Also, if the support leg 6 bites into the ground (road surface) 5 while the manhole cover 1 is being lifted, it becomes difficult to smoothly pull up the connecting arm 9 and the manhole cover 1 becomes difficult to be lifted smoothly. In the attached embodiment, the rotating wheel 15 does not bite into the ground 5, so there is no such case. Also, the rotating wheel 15 is connected to the ground 5 or the manhole frame 1.
By moving (upper) the fulcrum of the lever by moving over the hook 8, the force can be applied to the hook most efficiently by the principle of the lever when the connecting arm 9 is lifted.

[0018]

Fifth Embodiment A hook 3 shown in FIG. 1 is fixed to a lower end of a rotating shaft 20 rotatably inserted into a support plate 22, and always rotates together with the rotatable rotating shaft 20. Although the direction is changed, the rotation shaft 20 and the hook 3 may be inadvertently rotated at the time of lifting, and the hook 3 may come off from the through hole 2, and there is a safety problem. Therefore, as a fifth embodiment of the manhole cover opening and closing device of the present invention shown in FIG.
And careless rotation of the hook 3 can be prevented. 7, the upper part of the rotating shaft 20 is rotatably inserted into the bottom plate 41 of the rectangular support box 40, and the upper end 21 of the rotating shaft 20 is crushed so as not to come off from the bottom plate 41. When the handle 23 attached to the shaft 20 is rotated, the handle 23 is rotated in the same direction. Further, the handle 23 can be folded in two. A holder 43 is attached to the side surface of the support box 40. By pushing it into the holder 43, it is held by the holder 43. The illustrated holder 43 is configured to be curved in an arc shape and to have two leaf springs 44 that are opened with their distal ends curved outward. The structure and shape of the holder 43 may be other than this. An opening window 45 is opened in the support box 40 shown in FIG. A shaft insertion hole 46 is also opened, and a shaft can be inserted into the shaft insertion hole 46 so that the support box 40 can be attached to the support leg 6.

The through hole 2 of the manhole cover 1 shown in FIG.
Is elongated from the outer peripheral portion of the manhole cover 1 toward the center thereof, while the direction of the through hole 2 is elongated in the peripheral direction of the manhole cover 1 as shown in FIG. Is what it is. In this case, as shown in FIG.
When the hook 3 is fixed to the rotation shaft 20, the hook 3 is inserted into the through hole 2 in the direction shown in FIG. 8A, and the direction of the hook 3 is rotated by 90 degrees by operating the handle 23. When the hook 3 is not pulled out, the hook 3 is inserted into the through hole 2 in the direction shown in FIG. And when you do not
The position (direction) of the handle 23 differs by 90 degrees. Therefore, when the handle 23 is turned to the holder 43 side,
The handle 23 can be pressed and held in the holder 43, but if the handle 23 and the holder 43 are shifted by 90 degrees, the handle 23 cannot be held by the holder 43.

In FIG. 7, the handle is bent regardless of whether the hook 3 is inserted into the through hole 2 in the direction shown in FIG. 8A or the hole 3 in the direction shown in FIG. 23 can be held by a holder 43. Therefore, in FIG. 7, a connecting tool 47 to which the handle 23 is attached is rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft 20 and is slidable up and down along the rotating shaft 20. Further, a locking recess 48 is formed at the bottom of the connecting tool 47. A locking projection 49 protrudes below the connecting member 47 of the rotating shaft 20. With this configuration,
The connecting tool 47 is moved down along the rotation axis 20 so that the connecting tool 4
7 is put on the locking projection 49 so that the connector 4
When the handle 7 is connected to the rotating shaft 20 and the handle 23 is rotated, the rotating shaft 20 is rotated, and the connecting tool 47 is moved up along the rotating shaft 20 so that the locking recess 48 of the connecting tool 47 is engaged with the locking projection. When it is removed from the connecting shaft 49, the connecting member 47 becomes free and the rotating shaft 2
0 can be rotated in the circumferential direction.

Therefore, after the locking recess 48 of the connecting tool 47 is put on the locking projection 49, the hook 3 is inserted into the through hole 2 of the manhole cover 1, and the connecting tool 47 is rotated by rotating the handle 23. Is rotated so that the rotary shaft 20 is also rotated so that the hook 3 does not come out of the through hole 2, and then the connecting tool 47 is raised to release the locking concave portion 48 from the locking projection 49, and the connecting tool 4
By turning the handle 7 so that the handle 23 is aligned in the same direction as the holder 43, and pushing the bent upper portion of the handle 23 into the holder 43, the handle 23 can be held by the holder 43. In this case, when the handle 23 is rotated in the opposite direction between the direction in which the through hole 2 is oriented in FIG. 8A and the direction in FIG. In any of the directions (b), the hook 3 can be inserted into the through hole 2, and the inserted hook 3 can be prevented from falling out of the through hole 2. Moreover, if the locking concave portion 48 of the connecting tool 47 is removed from the locking projection 49, the handle 23 can be aligned with the holder 43. Therefore, the through holes in any direction shown in FIGS. The handle 23 with the holder 43
Can be held.

[0022]

In the embodiment described above, the support leg 6 and the connecting arm 9 are formed by facing two metal plates. It can also be formed of a single thick plate.
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the lifting bolt 3 is attached to the connecting bolt 31.
5, the pulling tool 35 is not always necessary. In the case where the lifting tool 35 is not provided, the locking hook of the crane may be directly locked to the connecting bolt 31 to use the manhole cover opening and closing device of the present invention.

[0023]

[Application example] The manhole cover opening / closing device shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is used as follows, for example. . The lower end of the wire connected to the crane's boom is engaged with the manhole switch puller 35, and the manhole cover switch is slightly lifted by the crane. . The hook 3 of the manhole cover opening / closing device is moved to the manhole cover 1 by various operations such as a crane boom turning operation and a telescopic operation.
Above the through hole 2. . The manhole cover switchgear is lowered by the operation of the crane, and the operator guides the hook 3 of the manhole cover switchgear onto the through hole 2 of the manhole cover 1 and aligns the longitudinal direction of the hook 3 with the longitudinal direction of the hole 2. And each of the two hooks 3 is a manhole cover 1
Into each of the two through holes 2. . By rotating the handle 23 to rotate the hook 3 90 degrees, the longitudinal direction of the hook 3 is made orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the through hole 2,
The hook 3 does not fall out of the through hole 2. . The lifting tool 35 of the manhole cover opener is pulled up by operating the crane. At this time, the connecting portion 10 of the connecting arm 9 of the manhole cover opener rotates upward, and accordingly, the outer end 7 and the inner end 8 of the connecting arm 9 rotate downward. When the connection arm 9 is pulled up as it is, the bottom surface 36 of the inner end 8 of the connection arm 9 comes into contact with the receiving plate 34 of the rotation restricting portion 11, and the connection arm 9 cannot rotate further downward. In this state, when the lifting tool 35 is further pulled upward by the crane, the lifting force is transmitted to the lower end 4 of the supporting leg 6 which is in contact with the ground 5 or the manhole frame 18, and the lower end 4 is used as a fulcrum. Then, a force is applied to the hook 3 in the direction of pushing up the manhole cover 1, and the hook 3
Is pushed up. When the manhole cover 1 is further pulled upward by a crane, the manhole cover 1 is suspended. . By turning the boom of the crane, the suspended manhole cover 1 is moved to the side of the manhole, and the boom is lowered to place the manhole cover 1 in a place where it does not interfere with work or traffic of other vehicles.

To close the manhole cover 1 after the work in the manhole is completed, the following is performed. . After confirming that the hook 3 does not come out of the through hole 2 of the manhole cover 1, the boom of the crane is pulled up, the manhole cover opening / closing device is pulled up, and the manhole cover 1 is suspended. . The manhole cover 1 is positioned above the manhole by various operations such as a crane boom turning operation and a telescopic operation. . The manhole cover 1 is lowered onto the manhole by the operation of the crane, and the operator rotates the handle 23 to rotate the hook 3 by 90 degrees.
The hook 3 is pulled out of the through hole 2 in accordance with the longitudinal direction of the through hole 2. . The wire is pulled up by the operation of the crane, and the hook 3 is pulled out of the through hole 2.

[0025]

The manhole cover opening / closing device according to any one of the first to third aspects of the present invention has the following effects because the manhole cover 1 is opened by using both the lifting force of the crane and the principle of leverage. . The manhole cover can be easily opened with a small crane that can be mounted on a small car such as a light van.
For this reason, the crane can be easily moved while loaded on the small car. . Other machinery with a crane function, available at the site
It becomes possible to lift the manhole cover with vehicles etc.,
Versatility can be demonstrated, and the effect is enormous. . Since there is no need to install a large crane with a large lifting force at the site, the crane installation area can be small, and it is unlikely to obstruct the passage of people and vehicles. . Even if mud or dust enters the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the manhole cover and the manhole frame, and the manhole cover is tightly fitted to the manhole frame, the manhole cover can be easily pulled up. . Since no human power is required, the labor burden on the operator is significantly reduced. Further, the manhole cover can be opened and closed by a single worker, which previously required at least two or more workers, and labor costs are greatly reduced. . Since the manhole cover opening and closing machine is small, it is easy to handle,
Convenient for transportation.

In the manhole cover opening / closing device according to the second aspect of the present invention, two or more attachment portions 12 are formed apart from each other in the longitudinal direction of the connecting arm 9 so that the support legs 6 are attached to different attachment portions 12.
Since the span from the connecting portion 10 of the connecting arm 9 to the supporting leg 6 can be changed by replacing the connecting arm 9, the following effects can be obtained in addition to the above effects. That is, one manhole cover opening / closing device can be used for two or more manhole covers having different diameters, and is convenient and economical.

In the manhole cover opening / closing device according to the third aspect of the present invention, since the rotating wheel 15 is attached to the lower end portion 4 of the support leg 6, the following effects are obtained in addition to the above effects. . Even if the support leg 6 moves inward while the manhole cover 1 is being lifted, since the movement is smooth,
Alternatively, the manhole frame 18 is not scratched by the support legs 6. . Since the support leg 6 does not bite into the ground 5 while the manhole cover 1 is being lifted, the pulling up of the connecting arm 9 is smooth, and the manhole cover 1 is smoothly lifted. . The rotating wheel 15 is moved on the ground 5 or the manhole frame 18 to change (adjust) the fulcrum of the lever so that the force is most efficiently applied to the hook 3 by the principle of leverage when the connecting arm 9 is lifted. The manhole cover 1 can be efficiently lifted with a small force.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a side view of a first embodiment of a manhole cover opening / closing device according to the present invention, and FIG. 1B is an explanatory view of a hook and a support plate.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a usage example of the manhole cover opening and closing device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a rotation restricting portion of the first embodiment of the manhole cover opening and closing machine of the present invention.

FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 4C are rotation explanatory diagrams showing a second embodiment of the manhole cover opening and closing device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a second example of the connecting arm of the manhole cover opener according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of a state in which a rotating wheel is attached to a support leg of the manhole cover opener of the present invention.

7A is a perspective view of a mechanism for rotating a hook of the manhole cover opening and closing machine of the present invention, and FIG. 7B is a side view of FIG.

FIG. 8A is a diagram illustrating a first example of a conventional manhole key and a through hole of a manhole cover, and FIG. 8B is a diagram illustrating a second example of a conventional manhole cover.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing an example of a conventional manhole cover opening / closing operation method.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing another example of a conventional manhole cover opening / closing operation method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 is a manhole cover 2 is a through hole 3 is a hook 4 is a lower end of a supporting leg 5 is a ground 6 is a supporting leg 7 is an outer end of a connecting arm 8 is an inner end of a connecting arm 9 is a connecting arm 10 is a connecting arm of a connecting arm The portion 11 is a rotation restricting portion 12 is a mounting portion of a support leg 15 is a rotating wheel

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02D 29/12 E03F 5/02

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. Two hooks (3) to be inserted and locked in two through holes (2) opened in a manhole cover (1), and provided above each hook (3), And a support leg (6) whose lower end (4) below the hook (3) is in contact with the ground (5) or the manhole frame when the hook (3) is inserted into the through hole (2); (7) two connecting arms (9) rotatably connected to the upper portions of the respective support legs (6) and inner ends (8) rotatably connected to each other; and two connecting arms (9). ) Restricts the inner end (8) of the connecting arm (9) from unnecessarily turning upward when the connecting portion (10) is pulled up, and the pulling force comes into contact with the ground (5). By using the lower end (4) of the supporting leg (6) as a fulcrum, the hook (3) inserted into the through hole (2) is applied as a lifting force by the principle of leverage. Pivoting restricting portion (11) and the manhole cover opener, characterized in that it comprises a. 2. At least two mounting portions (12) for mounting the supporting legs (6) are formed in the longitudinal direction of each connecting arm (9), and the supporting legs (6) are mounted on the mounting portions (12). 2. The manhole cover opening / closing device according to claim 1, wherein the span from the connecting portion (10) of the two connecting arms (9) to the mounting position of the support leg (6) can be changed by replacing the opening. 3. A rotating wheel (1) is attached to a lower end (4) of the support leg (6).
The manhole cover opening / closing device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising (5).