JP2959555B1 - Displacement measuring method, position measuring method and displacement / position measuring device by GPS - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a displacement measuring method capable of always accurately measuring a displacement of a measuring point in real time. A GPS antenna (11) installed at a reference point (10) and a receiving device (12) connected to the GPS antenna (11)
A communication device 13 that mediates the transmission of information between the receiving device 12 and the outside, and a GPS installed at a measurement point 20 (measurement point)
Antenna 21 (GPS antenna) and GPS antenna 2
1, a communication device 23 that mediates the transmission of information between the receiving device 22 and the outside, and a central processing unit 30 (analyzing device) connected to the receiving device 22 And is composed of

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is suitable for use in, for example, measuring landslides and ground changes in earthworks.
GPS with real-time performance and high measurement accuracy
The present invention relates to a displacement measuring method, a position measuring method, and a displacement / position measuring device using the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When performing embankment work in a landslide area, a technology for measuring the displacement of the ground that has both high accuracy and real-time properties is required. Global Positioning Syste
The ground displacement measurement technology using m (hereinafter, referred to as GPS) has attracted attention as a technology capable of combining these elements.

[0003] Ground displacement measurement methods using main GPS include a static method and a kinematic method classified as relative positioning. Relative positioning is a method of measuring the relative position of the measurement point with respect to the reference point by analyzing observation data obtained from two receivers placed at the reference point and the measurement point, respectively. Among them, the static method is a method of measuring the relative position by analyzing observation data obtained by continuous observation for several tens minutes to several hours. The kinematic method is a method of measuring the relative position by analyzing measurement data obtained by observation for one second to one minute. Also, a real-time kinematic method, which is a kind of kinematic method and can obtain an analysis result in real time, is used.

[0004] However, in the previous ground displacement measurement method using GPS, there was no ground displacement measurement method that achieved both measurement accuracy at the mm level and real-time performance.

[0005] For example, in the kinematic method, there is a technique for measuring a plurality of points in real time, but the measurement accuracy in these methods is on the order of cm. For details, see, for example, Hitoshi Kondo, Cannon.ME, Noriichi Shimizu, Koji Nakagawa, "Ground Displacement Monitoring System by GPS",
Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, No. 546 / 6-32, P157-1
See 68. In the static method, data processing is performed after long-time observation to obtain a relative position, so there is no real-time property, and the measurement accuracy on a slope is lower than that on a flat ground.

[0006] This is because the GPS antenna
This is because, as radio waves for transmitting signals from the PS satellites, there were reflected waves reflected by the ground and surrounding structures in addition to the direct waves directly reaching the GPS antennas from the GPS satellites. The only way to eliminate these effects and achieve a measurement accuracy on the order of mm is to measure for a long period of time and average the measurement results, or to measure at a place with few surrounding structures. However, the former sacrifice real-timeness,
The latter has resulted in narrowing the applicable measurement locations.

In view of the above, the present inventor has previously developed a displacement measurement method X by GPS, which is suitable for ground displacement measurement and has both a measurement accuracy of mm level and a real-time property. Published in Academic Lecture Summary, 6th section, P276-P277.

That is, the position of a measurement point at the time of measurement is calculated using a signal from a GPS satellite, and a time different from the measurement time by a predetermined number of stellar days is adopted as a reference time. The position at the reference time is calculated from the signal from the obtained GPS satellite, and by subtracting the position of the measurement point at the reference time from the position at the measurement time of the measurement point, the displacement of the measurement point during the predetermined star days is calculated. This is a displacement measuring method X by GPS for measuring.

The effect of the displacement measuring method X using the GPS will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8 show the results of measuring the displacement of a point without displacement using GPS,
The vertical axis represents the measurement error as it is. The unit on the vertical axis is mm, and the unit on the horizontal axis is minutes.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a change over time of a measurement error in the displacement measurement method using the previous GPS, and FIG.
Is a diagram displaying the displacement measurement result centered on the reference time a,
FIG. 7B is a diagram showing the displacement measurement result centered on the time b which is after the reference time a + 24 hours, and FIG. 7C is a diagram showing the displacement measurement result centering on the time c which is the reference time a + 48 hours later. FIG. 4D is a diagram in which the displacement measurement result is displayed mainly at time d which is 72 hours after the reference time a + 72 hours. As can be seen from these, the measurement error in the displacement / position measurement method using the previous GPS is -20 mm to +10 mm.
mm.

FIG. 8 shows the result of position measurement of the same object as in FIG. 7 by the displacement measurement method X by GPS. In FIG. 8A, the time of the measurement is the same as that of FIG. 7B, and the reference time is one star earlier, that is, the time shown in FIG. 7A. In FIG. 8 (B), the measurement is the same as that of FIG. 7 (C).
One stellar day before, that is, the time shown in FIG. 7B is used.
Further, in FIG. 8C, at the time of the measurement, FIG.
As the reference time, one stellar day before, that is, the time shown in FIG. 7C is used. In FIG. 8, the measurement error is -5 mm to +5 mm in most of the measurement periods.
Within the range. That is, FIG. 8A and FIG.
(B), FIG. 8 (B) and FIG. 7 (C), FIG. 8 (C) and FIG.
As can be seen by comparing (D) and (D), respectively, the measurement error was greatly improved as compared with the previous displacement measurement method using GPS.

[0012]

However, as shown by the mesh in FIG. 8, the displacement measurement method X by GPS also requires
In a short time, a measurement error exceeding 10 mm was sometimes observed. This measurement error may be caused by the timing at which the GPS satellite used for position measurement is switched due to various factors.
This is due to a shift of about 0 seconds to 10 minutes.

An object of the present invention is to provide a displacement measuring method which solves the above-mentioned problem and can always measure the displacement of a measuring point with high accuracy in real time. Also, to provide a position measurement method that can always measure the position of the measurement point in real time with high accuracy,
It is another object of the present invention to provide a displacement / position measuring device capable of always measuring a displacement and a position of a measuring point with high accuracy in real time.

[0014]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for measuring a displacement of a position of a measurement point within a predetermined period using a GPS, wherein the method comprises the steps of: Between the time of the measurement and the reference time that is an integer multiple of the sidereal day from the time of the measurement, calculating the position information of the measurement point at the time of the measurement using signals from a plurality of GPS satellites, By calculating the position information of the measurement point at the reference time using signals from GPS satellites of the same combination as at the time, and subtracting the position information of the measurement point at the reference time from the position information at the measurement time of the measurement point GPS for measuring displacement of the measurement point during the predetermined period
In the displacement measurement method, when the combination of a plurality of GPS satellites that received a signal at the measurement point at the time of the measurement and the combination of a plurality of GPS satellites that received a signal at the measurement point at the reference time are different, In addition, the position information at the time of measurement of the measurement point and the position information of the measurement point a predetermined number of days before the star are calculated using signals from a plurality of GPS satellites common to both.

Here, the GPS satellites common to both of the above-mentioned GPS satellites are those in which the combination of the plurality of GPS satellites that received the signal at the time of the measurement is a part of the combination of the plurality of GPS satellites that received the signal at the time of the reference. The combination of the plurality of GPS satellites that received the signal at the time of the measurement matches the combination of the plurality of GPS satellites that received the signal at the time of the reference is a part of the combination of the plurality of GPS satellites that received the signal at the time of the measurement. In the case, a plurality of GPS
Matches satellite combination. The reference time includes both a case before and after the measurement.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a GPS satellite for transmitting a signal used for calculating position information of a measurement point at the time of reference, and used for calculating position information of the measurement point at the time of measurement. A GPS satellite that transmits a signal,
Unlike the displacement measurement method X using GPS, a large measurement error does not occur even when the combination of GPS satellites receiving signals changes. Therefore, the displacement of the measuring point can always be measured with high accuracy in real time. Further, by setting the measurement time as the past and the reference time as the present, the past displacement measurement data can be corrected to increase the measurement accuracy.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for measuring a displacement of a position of a measurement point in a predetermined period by using a GPS, wherein the predetermined period is measured at the time of measurement and an integral multiple of a star day from the measurement. Between different reference times, multiple GPS
The position information of the measurement point at the time of the measurement is calculated using a signal from a satellite.
Calculating the position information of the measurement point at the reference time using a signal from a satellite, and subtracting the position information of the measurement point at the reference time from the position information at the measurement time of the measurement point, In the displacement measurement method by GPS for measuring displacement in a predetermined period, when there are a plurality of times when signals are received from GPS satellites of the same combination as the time of the measurement, which are different from the time of the measurement by an integer multiple of the sidereal day, at the time of the measurement, The closest time is used as the reference time.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the same operation as the first aspect can be obtained.

[0019] The invention according to claim 3 provides the G according to claim 2.
GP that receives a signal in the displacement measurement method by PS
A combination of S satellites is set in advance for each time based on the sidereal day.

Here, the GPS for each time based on the stellar day
As a method of setting a combination of satellites, for example, a method of fixing a change time of a combination of GPS satellites for receiving signals is used. In other words, if the number of GPS satellites that can receive signals decreases, signals from GPS satellites that cannot be received are intentionally terminated at a certain time, which is somewhat earlier than the time when it is expected that they will not be received. I do. This allows
Although the time at which a signal from a GPS satellite becomes unreceivable varies slightly depending on the day, the time at which the number of GPS satellites receiving the signal decreases is always the same. Similarly, when the number of GPS satellites that can receive a signal increases, a signal from a GPS satellite that becomes receivable is intentionally started at a certain time that is somewhat later than the time that is expected to be receivable. . As a result, even when the time at which a signal from a GPS satellite becomes receivable varies slightly depending on the day, the time at which the number of GPS satellites receiving the signal increases is always the same.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the reference time can be fixed, for example, one stellar day before, so that a second aspect of the present invention is provided.
The described invention can be reliably performed with a small load.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a GPS
A method of measuring the displacement of the position of the measurement point during a predetermined period
Thus, the predetermined period is defined as the time of measurement and the time of measurement.
Multiple GPs between the base time and the integer times different
The measurement at the time of the measurement using a signal from the S satellite
Calculate the position information of the point and use the same combination of GP
The measurement at the reference time using a signal from the S satellite
The position information of the point is calculated, and the position of the measurement point at the time of measurement is calculated.
Subtract the position information of the measurement point at the reference time from the position information
By doing so, the displacement of the measurement point in the predetermined period
In the displacement measuring method using GPS for measuring,
At the point, a plurality of GPS satellites
Combination and signal received at the reference point at the measurement point
If the combination of multiple GPS satellites is different, both
Using signals from multiple GPS satellites common to combinations
The position information at the time of measurement of the measurement point and the measurement point
Was calculated and the position information before the predetermined stellar days, also, the measurement
Same as above at the time of the above
When there are multiple times when signals are received from combined GPS satellites
In this case, the time closest to the time of the measurement is used as the reference time.
That is characterized by According to the invention described in claim 4,
Then, the same operation as the first aspect can be obtained.

The invention according to claim 5 provides the invention according to claim 4.
In the displacement measurement method using the GPS, the signal receiving G
Combination of PS satellites for each time based on the star date in advance
It is characterized by setting. The invention according to claim 5
According to this, the same operation as the first aspect can be obtained.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a position measuring method using a GPS, wherein the position of the known measuring point at a reference time is set at the reference position according to any one of the first to fifth aspects.
The position of the measurement point at the time of the measurement is measured by adding a displacement in the predetermined period measured by a displacement measurement method using a PS.

According to the invention of claim 6, wherein, by adding the displacement between the predetermined stellar days of the measurement point to a position at the time of reference of the measurement point, the measurement position during the measurement of the measuring point However, the position of the measurement point at the reference time is known in advance, and the displacement of the measurement point during the predetermined period is defined in claims 1 to 5.
, A large error does not always occur. For this reason, the position of the measurement point at the time of the measurement is always measured without causing a large error.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a displacement / position measuring apparatus using a GPS, wherein the GP is disposed at the measurement point.
A GPS antenna for detecting a signal from the S satellite,
Has a means to exchange information with the PS antenna,
Analyzes the signals from GPS satellites measured by said GPS antenna, thereby measuring the displacement of the measurement point by using the displacement measuring method according to GPS according to any one of claims 1 to 5, claim And an analyzer for measuring the position of the measurement point by using the position measurement method by GPS described in ( 6) .

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the analysis device is a GP according to any one of the first to fifth aspects.
The displacement of the measuring point is measured by using the displacement measuring method by S, and the position of the measuring point is measured by using the position measuring method by GPS according to claim 6, so that the measuring point is always generated without a large error. And a displacement / position measuring device using GPS for measuring the displacement / position of the object.

[0028]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A displacement / position measuring apparatus 1 using a GPS according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. The displacement / position measurement device 1 using GPS is a device that measures the displacement and position of the measurement point 20 with respect to the reference point 10.

First, the configuration of the displacement / position measuring device 1 using GPS will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, a GPS antenna 1 installed at a reference point 10
1 and a receiving device 12 connected to a GPS antenna 11
A communication device 13 that mediates the transmission of information between the receiving device 12 and the outside, and a GPS installed at a measurement point 20 (measurement point)
Antenna 21 (GPS antenna) and GPS antenna 2
1, a communication device 23 that mediates the transmission of information between the receiving device 22 and the outside, and a central processing unit 30 (analyzing device) connected to the receiving device 22 And is composed of The GPS displacement / position measuring apparatus 1 having such a configuration will be described in detail with reference to the block diagram shown in FIG.

The GPS antenna 11 has a built-in high-frequency amplifier. The GPS antenna 11 receives and amplifies GPS signals A1, A1,... From a plurality of GPS satellites at a reference point 10, and then transmits the signals to a receiving device 12.

The receiving device 12 includes, for example, a high-frequency amplifier circuit, a code demodulation circuit, and a Central Processing Unit (hereinafter referred to as a CP).
U), Random Access Memory (hereinafter referred to as RAM), Read Only Memory (hereinafter referred to as ROM), etc., and demodulates GPS signals A1, A1,.
Decoding and recognizing the GPS data B1, B1,... Such as the pseudo distance from the GPS satellite to the GPS antenna 11,
Central processing unit 3 via communication device 13 and communication device 23
. 0 to the GPS data B1, B1,. The receiving device 12 changes data to be output to the central processing unit 30 in accordance with an instruction from the central processing unit 30.

The communication device 13 has an antenna and an amplifying device, amplifies a signal output from the receiving device 12 and transmits the signal to the outside from the antenna, and a signal received from the outside via the antenna. Is amplified and output to the receiving device 12.

The GPS antenna 21 has a built-in high-frequency amplifier circuit, and receives and amplifies GPS signals A2, A2... (Signals from GPS) from a plurality of GPS satellites at the measurement point 20, and then amplifies the signals. Send.

The receiving device 22 is, for example, a high-frequency amplifier circuit, a code demodulating circuit, a CPU or a RAM, like the receiving device 12.
GPS signals A2, A
.. Are demodulated and decoded, and GPS data B2 including a pseudo distance from each GPS satellite to the GPS antenna 21 and the like.
B2... Are recognized and transmitted to the central processing unit 30. Also, the GPS data B1, B1,...
Has a circuit for calculating temporary position data C2 of the measurement point 20 based on the reference point 10 using the PS data B2, B2. Here, the receiving device 22 determines the combination of the GPS satellites used when calculating the temporary position data C2,
It is changed according to an instruction from the central processing unit 30.

The communication device 23 has an antenna and an amplifying device, amplifies the signal output from the central processing unit 30, transmits the signal to the outside from the antenna, and receives from the outside via the antenna. The signal is amplified and output to the central processing unit 30.

The central processing unit 30 includes a CPU and a RAM.
, A ROM, a display device, and a storage device. The CPU expands a program stored in the storage device into a program area in the RAM,
In addition to controlling each part of the displacement / position measuring device 1 using the PS, the GPS data B1, B1,.
2, a predetermined operation is performed using B2 and the like, and the operation result is selected and stored in the storage device. Also,
The storage device stores GPS data B1, B1,.
.. And temporary position data C2 of the measurement point 20 with respect to the reference point 10 are stored.

Next, a displacement / position measuring device 1 using GPS
Will be described with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the entire processing method of the displacement / position measuring device 1 by GPS, and FIG.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing in detail a part of the processing shown in FIG. In this operation, the central processing unit 30 previously sets the receiving device 12 to the GPS data B1, B1,.
.., The receiving device 22 receives the GPS data B2, B2,.
Are transmitted.

In FIG. 3, a GPS antenna 11 has a plurality of GPS signals A transmitted from a plurality of GPS satellites.
, A1,... Are always received, amplified, and transmitted to the receiving device 12. Similarly, the GPS antenna 21 has a plurality of GPS satellites transmitted from a plurality of GPS satellites.
The signals A2, A2,... Are always received, amplified, and transmitted to the receiving device 22. (Step 110).

The receiver 12 receives a GPS signal A transmitted from the GPS antenna 11 at regular intervals, for example, every second.
1, A1... Are demodulated and decoded to obtain GPS data B1, B
Are calculated and transmitted to the central processing unit 30 via the communication device 13 and the communication device 23. Similarly to the receiving device 12, the receiving device 22 demodulates and decodes the GPS signals A2, A2... Transmitted from the GPS antenna 21, calculates GPS data B2, B2. (Step 120).

The central processing unit 30 includes the GPS antenna 11
GPS signals A1, A1,... And GP received at the same time (hereinafter referred to as measurement time)
After recognizing the GPS data B1, B1... And the GPS data B2, B2... Calculated by demodulating and decoding the S signals A2, A2. If the process shown in step 144 is to be performed, the process proceeds to step 140; otherwise, the process proceeds to step 150 (step 130).

In step 140, the central processing unit 3
0 is the processing from step 141 to step 144 shown in FIG. 4 after recognizing the combination F of the GPS satellites as the transmission source from the GPS data B1, B1... And the GPS data B2, B2. I do.

That is, in step 141, the central processing unit 30 calculates an average time T at which the combination of GPS satellites receiving signals is switched from the past data stored in the storage device. Next, the central processing unit 3
If the signal from a new GPS satellite can be received at time T, the process proceeds to step 143,
When the signal from the PS satellite cannot be received, the process proceeds to step 144 (step 142).

In step 143, the central processing unit 3
0 gives an instruction to the receiving device 22 to delay the start of signal reception from the GPS satellite for a certain period of time, for example, 15 minutes from the time T, and then proceeds to step 150. Step 144
, The central processing unit 30 transmits the G
After instructing to end the reception of the signal from the PS satellite for a fixed time, for example, about 15 minutes before time T, step 150
Proceed to. Here, step 143 and step 144
Is set to be larger than the variation in the switching time of the GPS satellites. Step 141 to Step 1
By the processing shown in 44, the time at which the combination of the GPS satellites receiving the signal is changed is fixed, and therefore, the combination of the GPS satellites is fixed at each time based on the sidereal day. That is, the central processing unit 30 in step 150 described below.
The load on the device becomes smaller.

In step 150, the central processing unit 3
0 calculates displacement data D2 between the reference time and the measurement time (hereinafter, referred to as a predetermined stellar day: a predetermined period in the present invention) according to the processing of steps 151 to 158 shown in FIG.

That is, in step 151, the central processing unit 30 receives the G signal from the GPS data B1, B1... And the GPS signals B2, B2.
Combination F of PS satellites (a plurality of G
(Combination of PS satellites). Then, step 15
In 2, the central processing unit 30 performs provisional position data C2a of the measurement point 20 based on the reference point 10 at the time of reference according to the processing of steps 153 to 155.
When calculating the position data C2 and the temporary position data C2 at the time of measurement, the process proceeds to Step 153, and Steps 156 to 1
If the temporary position data C2a, C2 is to be calculated according to the process of step 57, the process proceeds to step 156.

In step 153, the central processing unit 3
0 is the same combination of GPS as when measured before the integer multiple of the star day
The storage device is searched for a case where a GPS signal has been received from a satellite. Next, the central processing unit 30 recognizes the time closest to the time of measurement as the reference time among the times when the condition of step 132 is satisfied, and the GPS data B1a indicating the absolute position of the reference point 10 at the reference time; Call out GPS data B2a indicating the absolute position of the measurement point 20 at the reference time,
Subsequently, by subtracting the GPS data B1a from the GPS data B2a, temporary position data C2a of the measurement point 20 based on the reference point 10 at the reference time is calculated (step 154). Subsequently, in step 155, the central processing unit 30 calculates temporary position data C2 of the measurement point 20 based on the reference point 10 at the time of measurement by subtracting the GPS data B1 from the GPS data B2. Proceed to 158.

In step 156, the central processing unit 3
0 is the GP of the reference time called from the storage device after recognizing the reference time one day before the star or an integer multiple before the star day.
S data B1a, B1a... And GPS data B2a,
.. B2a..., The combination H (combination of a plurality of GPS satellites that received the signal at the reference time) of the GPS satellite that is the source of the signal received at the reference time is recognized. Then, GP
G common to combination F of S satellites and combination H of GPS satellites
After recognizing the combination J of the PS satellites (the GPS satellite common to both), the process proceeds to step 157. Here, the combination J of the GPS satellites matches the combination H of the GPS satellites when the combination H of the GPS satellites is a part of the combination F of the GPS satellites, and the combination F of the GPS satellites is the combination H of the GPS satellites. If it is a part of the above, it matches the combination F of the GPS satellites.

Subsequently, in step 157, using only the GPS signals from the GPS satellites belonging to the combination J,
After calculating the temporary position data C2 and the temporary position data C2a, the central processing unit 30 proceeds to step 158.

In step 158, the central processing unit 3
0 is obtained by subtracting the provisional position data C2a at the reference point of the measurement point from the provisional position data C2 at the measurement point of the measurement point calculated at steps 154 and 155 or calculated at step 157. The displacement data D2 for the predetermined stellar day is calculated, and the process proceeds to step 160 in FIG.

In step 160, the central processing unit 3
0 calculates the true position data E2 at the time of measurement by adding the displacement data D2 calculated at step 150 to the true position data E2a at the reference time called from the storage device. Subsequently, in step 170, the central processing unit 30 subtracts the true position E2b of the measurement point one stellar day before from the true position data E2, thereby converting the displacement data D2 for the predetermined stellar day into the true displacement data for one stellar day. After that, the displacement data D2 and the true position data E2 are stored in the storage device. Thus, at the time of measurement that is an integer multiple of the sidereal day after the measurement, the processing from step 120 to step 160 can be performed with the measurement time as a reference time. here,
If the true position E2b of the measurement point 20 one stellar day before is not stored in the storage device for any reason, the displacement data D2 remains the displacement of the predetermined stellar day.
It is stored in the storage device. Thereafter, the process returns to step 120.

FIG. 6 shows the measurement error between the displacement measurement result and the position measurement result of the measurement point 20 based on the reference point 10 using the displacement / position measurement device 1 by GPS performing the above operation.
This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6C shows a result of calculating in real time the displacement data D2 of the measurement point 20, which is a point having no displacement with respect to the reference point 10 during the position measurement period, using the displacement / position measurement device 1 by GPS. The vertical axis represents the measurement error of the displacement measurement result and the position measurement result by the displacement / position measurement device 1 as it is. FIG. 6A is a diagram showing temporary position data C2a, and FIG. 6B is a diagram showing temporary position data C2. Also, in principle, FIG. 6A shows displacement data of the measurement point 20 having the origin at a predetermined stellar date according to the previous GPS-based ground displacement measurement method, and FIG. 6B shows the previous GPS-based ground displacement measurement method using the GPS. Is the displacement data at the measurement point 20 with the origin at the time of the measurement by. The vertical axis is within the range of −5 mm to +5 mm throughout the measured 80 minutes. From this, if the displacement and position of the measurement point 20 are measured using the displacement / position measuring device 1 using GPS, unlike the displacement measuring method X using GPS, the timing at which the combination of the GPS satellites receiving the signal changes changes. It can also be seen that no large measurement error occurs.
Therefore, the displacement and position of the measurement point can always be measured with high accuracy.

In the present embodiment, the position of the measurement point 20 is calculated with reference to the reference point 10. However, the position of the measurement point 20 may be measured using ordinary latitude and longitude. In this case, the temporary position data C1a may be used as the temporary position data C2a, and the temporary position data C1 may be used as the temporary position data C2. Also in this case, the measurement result of the displacement of the measurement point 20 does not change.

Further, in this embodiment, the reference time is before the measurement time, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the reference time may be after the measurement time. In this case, the same processing may be performed by exchanging the measurement time and the reference time in the present embodiment. That is, by subtracting the displacement data D2 from the currently measured position of the measurement point 20, the position of the past measurement point 20 is measured.

In this embodiment, the number of measurement points is only the measurement point 20, but even if there are a plurality of measurement points, the displacement / position measurement results of all the measurement points can maintain the same accuracy.
Further, the displacement / position measurement method using the GPS according to the present invention can be applied to a conventional static method, kinematic method, or differential method. Furthermore, GP
Any type of antenna can be used as the S antenna 11. In addition to the operation in the present embodiment, the GPS data B1 demodulated by the receiving device 12 is transmitted to the receiving device 22 via the communication device 13 and the communication device 23, and transmitted from the receiving device 12 in the receiving device 22. By using the obtained GPS data B1 and the GPS data B2 demodulated by the receiving device 22 to calculate temporary position data at the time of measurement, it is also possible to reduce the load on the central processing unit 30. In this embodiment, the receiving device 12 and the central processing unit 30 are connected via the communication device 13 and the communication device 23.
Although the communication with the communication is performed, these communication may be performed by another communication method, connection by a cable, or the like. When the invention of claim 1 is not used, the GPS data B1, B1... And GPS data B2, B2. Can also be reduced.

[0055]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, unlike the displacement measuring method X using the GPS, the G receiving the signal is used.
Even when the combination of PS satellites changes, no large measurement error occurs. Therefore, the displacement of the measuring point can be continuously measured with high accuracy in real time.
Further, by setting the measurement time in the past, it is possible to correct the past displacement measurement data to increase the measurement accuracy.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the same operation as the first aspect can be obtained. According to the third aspect of the invention, the predetermined period can be fixed in the second aspect of the invention, and therefore, the second aspect of the invention can be reliably performed with a small load.

According to the fourth and fifth aspects of the invention, the same operation as that of the first aspect can be obtained.

According to the invention described in claim 6 , the position of the measuring point can be continuously measured with high accuracy in real time.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the G which continuously and accurately measures the displacement and position of the measuring point in real time.
A displacement / position measuring device using a PS can be realized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a displacement / position measuring device 1 using GPS according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a displacement / position measurement device 1 using GPS.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an operation of the displacement / position measuring device 1 by GPS.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a part of the operation of the displacement / position measuring device 1 by GPS.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a calculation procedure of displacement data D2 of a measurement point 20 which is a part of the operation of the displacement / position measurement device 1 by GPS.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a displacement measurement result of the displacement / position measuring device 1 by GPS.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a position measurement result of a conventional displacement / position measurement method using GPS.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a displacement measurement result by a displacement measurement method X by GPS.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Position measuring apparatus by GPS 10 Reference point 20 Measurement point 11,21 GPS antenna 12,22 Receiving apparatus (signal exchange means) 13,23 Communication apparatus 30 Central processing unit (analysis apparatus)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Masaji Sugimura 2570-4 Shimotsuruma, Yamato-shi, Kanagawa Pref. Nishimatsu Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tsuyoshi Taguchi 2570-4 Shimotsuruma, Yamato-shi, Kanagawa Pref. (72) Inventor Shigeaki Saito 2570-4 Shimotsuruma, Yamato-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Nishimatsu Construction (56) References JP-A-9-304505 (JP, A) JP-A-6 -230102 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) G01S 5/00-5/14 G01C 7/02-7/04 G01C 15/00 JICST file (JOIS)

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] [Claim 1] Global Positioning System (hereinafter referred to as GPS)
And display)), the displacement of the position of the measurement point within a predetermined period is measured, wherein the predetermined period is between a measurement time and a reference time that is an integer multiple of the star day from the measurement time. Calculating the position information of the measurement point at the time of the measurement using signals from a plurality of GPS satellites; and using the signals from the GPS satellites of the same combination as the time of the measurement to obtain the position information of the measurement point at the reference time. Calculating the displacement of the measurement point in the predetermined period by subtracting the position information of the measurement point at the reference time from the position information of the measurement point at the time of measurement. A plurality of GPs that received signals at the time of the measurement
If the combination of S satellites is different from the combination of a plurality of GPS satellites that have received signals at the measurement point at the reference time, the measurement is performed using signals from a plurality of GPS satellites common to both combinations. Calculating the position information at the time of measuring the point and the position information of the measuring point before a predetermined number of stellar days. 2. A method for measuring a displacement of a position of a measurement point in a predetermined period by using a GPS, wherein the predetermined period is determined between a measurement time and a reference time different from the measurement time by an integral multiple of a star day. As the interval, position information of the measurement point at the time of the measurement is calculated using signals from a plurality of GPS satellites, and the position information of the measurement point at the reference time is calculated using signals from the same combination of GPS satellites as the time of the measurement. Calculating a position information, and subtracting the position information of the measurement point at the reference time from the position information of the measurement point at the time of measurement, thereby measuring a displacement of the measurement point in the predetermined period, the displacement measurement method by GPS; When there are a plurality of times when signals are received from GPS satellites of the same combination as the time of the measurement, which are different from the time of the measurement by an integer multiple of the star date, the time closest to the time of the measurement is the reference Displacement measuring method according to GPS it, characterized by using as. 3. The displacement measurement method using GPS according to claim 2, wherein a combination of GPS satellites for receiving signals is set in advance for each time based on a stellar day. 4. Using a GPS for a predetermined period of the position of a measurement point
A method for measuring a displacement in a predetermined period , wherein the predetermined period is measured at the time of measurement and at the time of measurement.
At the time of the measurement, using signals from a plurality of GPS satellites , between the reference times that are several times different.
The position information of the measurement point is calculated, and signals from GPS satellites of the same combination as in the measurement are used.
Calculating the position information of the measurement point at the reference time, and calculating the position information of the measurement point from the position information at the time of measurement of the measurement point.
By subtracting the position information at the time of reference, the measurement point
Change by GPS for measuring the displacement of the
In the position measurement method, a plurality of GPs receiving signals at the measurement point at the time of the measurement are provided.
A signal at the time of the reference at the measurement point with the combination of S satellites
When the combination of multiple received GPS satellites is different
Is the signal from multiple GPS satellites common to both combinations.
The position information at the time of measurement of the measurement point and the
Serial calculates the position information before the predetermined stellar days measurement point, also, when the measurement differ integer times the sidereal day from the time of the measurement
Multiple times when signals were received from the same combination of GPS satellites
In some cases, the as the criteria time when closest to the time of measurement
Displacement measuring method according to GPS it, characterized by using Te. 5. A method for measuring displacement by GPS according to claim 4.
At The combination of GPS satellites that receive signals is determined in advance based on the star date.
According to GPS, which is set at each time
Displacement measurement method. 6. A position at a reference time known in which the measuring point, by adding a displacement in the predetermined time period measured by the displacement measuring method according to GPS according to any one of claims 1 to 5, A position measuring method by GPS, wherein a position of the measuring point at the time of the measurement is measured. 7. A displacement / position measuring apparatus using GPS, comprising: a GPS antenna arranged at the measurement point for detecting a signal from a GPS satellite; and means for exchanging information with the GPS antenna. analyzes the signals from GPS satellites measured by said GPS antenna, according to claim 1
Thereby measuring the displacement of the measurement point by using the displacement measuring method according to GPS according to any one of 1 to claims 5, wherein
7. A displacement / position measurement device using GPS, comprising: an analysis device that measures the position of the measurement point using the position measurement method using GPS according to item 6 .