JP2913620B2 - Ventilation control device for vehicles - Google Patents
Ventilation control device for vehiclesInfo
- Publication number
- JP2913620B2 JP2913620B2 JP8212862A JP21286296A JP2913620B2 JP 2913620 B2 JP2913620 B2 JP 2913620B2 JP 8212862 A JP8212862 A JP 8212862A JP 21286296 A JP21286296 A JP 21286296A JP 2913620 B2 JP2913620 B2 JP 2913620B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- ventilation
- control device
- load
- amount
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
Landscapes
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、鉄道車両の車室内
の換気量を制御する車両用換気制御装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicle ventilation control device for controlling a ventilation volume in a passenger compartment of a railway vehicle.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、鉄道車両は高速化し、車外の圧力
変動等の影響を受けにくくするために、車室内の気密性
は向上している。車室内に新鮮な空気を取入れて車室内
の老廃した空気を排出する換気のためには、専用の換気
装置が備えられる。換気装置の換気量をいかに制御する
かは、車室内の炭酸ガス濃度、喫煙等による空気汚染、
「耳つん」と呼ばれる車室内圧力変動に伴う不快な現
象、冷暖房装置の能力等に関連し、最適な制御を行うこ
とが重要になっている。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the speed of railway vehicles has been increased, and the airtightness in the passenger compartment has been improved in order to reduce the influence of pressure fluctuations outside the vehicle. A dedicated ventilation device is provided for ventilation for taking in fresh air into the vehicle interior and discharging obsolete air in the vehicle interior. How to control the ventilation volume of the ventilation system depends on the concentration of carbon dioxide in the cabin, air pollution due to smoking, etc.
In connection with unpleasant phenomena due to fluctuations in the cabin pressure called “earspan” and the performance of the air conditioner, it is important to perform optimal control.
【０００３】たとえば特開平２−２５８４１０には、車
両に、給気手段、排気手段、炭酸ガスセンサ、車内圧を
検出する圧力センサおよび制御機を設け、炭酸ガス濃度
が設定値よりも増加したことを検知すると、給気手段お
よび排気手段を連動して制御する考え方が開示されてい
る。炭酸ガス濃度による制御ばかりではなく、車内圧力
が設定範囲から逸脱したことを車内圧を検出する圧力セ
ンサによって検出すると、給気および排気手段を連動さ
せて制御する考え方も開示されている。For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-258410 discloses a vehicle equipped with an air supply means, an exhaust means, a carbon dioxide gas sensor, a pressure sensor for detecting a vehicle interior pressure, and a controller. The idea of controlling the air supply means and the exhaust means in conjunction with each other upon detection is disclosed. In addition to the control based on the concentration of carbon dioxide, a concept is disclosed in which when the pressure inside the vehicle deviates from a set range is detected by a pressure sensor that detects the pressure inside the vehicle, the air supply and exhaust means are controlled in conjunction with each other.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】気密性が向上している
車室内の炭酸ガス濃度やタバコの喫煙による空気の汚染
は、乗客数によって大きく変化する。換気量を一定とし
て換気を行う場合は、最大乗員に対する換気量を常時確
保する必要がある。車室内で乗客が快適に過ごすために
は、車室内の空気調和のために冷暖房機を設ける必要も
ある。車室内で必要とされる換気量よりも大きな換気量
で車室内外の空気の交換が行われていると、冷暖房装置
の負担が大きくなり、エネルギも無駄になってしまう。[0006] The concentration of carbon dioxide in the cabin, which has improved airtightness, and air pollution caused by smoking of cigarettes vary greatly depending on the number of passengers. When performing ventilation with a constant ventilation volume, it is necessary to always secure a ventilation volume for the maximum occupant. In order for passengers to be comfortable in the cabin, it is necessary to provide a cooling / heating device for air conditioning in the cabin. If the air inside and outside the vehicle compartment is exchanged with a larger ventilation volume than is required in the vehicle compartment, the load on the air conditioner increases, and energy is wasted.
【０００５】特開平２−２５８４１０の先行技術のよう
に、炭酸ガスセンサなどを用いて空気の汚染を検出し、
換気量を制御する方法では、炭酸ガスセンサ等の特別の
センサを新たに設置しなければならないという難点があ
る。炭酸ガスセンサなどの設置はコストアップを招くば
かりではなく、検出される炭酸ガス濃度が予め設定して
おく範囲を逸脱してから換気量の調節を行うことになる
ので、設定される範囲内での炭酸ガス濃度の変化には対
応させることが困難であり、給気装置や排気装置による
換気量の制御に時間遅れが生じると、換気によって炭酸
ガス濃度が予め設定しておいた範囲内に収まるまでに、
炭酸ガス濃度が範囲外となる期間が生じてしまう。さら
に、炭酸ガスセンサなどには直接車室内の空気を取入れ
る必要があり、車室内の空気がタバコの煤煙などで汚れ
ていると、汚れが付着して性能劣化が生じやすい。炭酸
ガスセンサなどに直接車室内の空気を触れさせないため
に、空気フィルタを用いる方法も考えられるけれども、
空気フィルタの目詰まりを避けるために定期的な洗浄を
必要とするので手間が増える。[0005] As in the prior art of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-258410, air pollution is detected using a carbon dioxide gas sensor or the like.
The method of controlling the ventilation volume has a disadvantage that a special sensor such as a carbon dioxide sensor must be newly installed. The installation of a carbon dioxide sensor or the like not only increases the cost but also adjusts the ventilation rate after the detected carbon dioxide concentration deviates from a preset range. It is difficult to cope with changes in carbon dioxide concentration, and if there is a time delay in the control of the ventilation volume by the air supply device or the exhaust device, the ventilation causes the carbon dioxide concentration to fall within a preset range. To
A period in which the concentration of carbon dioxide is out of the range occurs. Furthermore, it is necessary to directly take in the air in the vehicle cabin into the carbon dioxide gas sensor and the like. If the air in the vehicle cabin is contaminated with soot of cigarettes or the like, the contaminants tend to adhere and deteriorate the performance. A method using an air filter is also conceivable in order to prevent the air inside the vehicle compartment from directly touching the carbon dioxide sensor, etc.
The need for periodic cleaning to avoid clogging of the air filter increases labor.
【０００６】本発明の目的は、乗車人数に対応する換気
量の制御を容易かつ確実に行うことができる車両用換気
制御装置を提供することである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle ventilation control device capable of easily and surely controlling a ventilation amount corresponding to the number of occupants.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、車室内外間の
換気を、給気装置および排気装置の運転によって行う車
両用換気制御装置において、車両が喫煙車であるか禁煙
車であるかを示す車両種類と、或る駅を発車してから次
の駅に到着するまでの時間とをストアする車両データテ
ーブルと、車両の扉の開閉を示す信号を発生する扉開閉
信号発生手段と、車両が停止しているか否かを示す信号
を発生する停止信号発生手段と、台車に作用する車体の
荷重を検出する応荷重センサと、扉開閉信号発生手段と
停止信号発生手段と応荷重センサとの各出力に応答し、
扉が閉じておりかつ車両が停止しているときにおける応
荷重センサによって検出される荷重に基づいて、車室内
の乗車人数Ｎを推定して演算する乗車人数演算手段と、
車両データテーブルのストア内容と乗車人数演算手段の
出力とに応答し、乗車人数Ｎと、単位時間当たりの乗客
１人当たりの炭酸ガスの予め定める発生量Ｃｈと、車室
内の予め定める全空気量Ｑとに基づいて、換気量をＸと
するとき、車室内の炭酸ガスの量Ｃを演算し、喫煙車で
は禁煙車よりも大きな換気量に設定して、この炭酸ガス
の量Ｃが時間ｔの経過に伴って、予め定める一定値以下
に保たれるように、給気装置および換気装置の運転状態
を制御する制御装置とを含むことを特徴とする車両用換
気制御装置である。本発明に従えば、台車に作用する車
体の荷重を応荷重センサによって検出し、検出される荷
重に基づいて車室内の乗車人数を推定するので、換気量
算出の基になる乗車人数を簡単かつ正確に推定すること
ができる。算出される換気量に対応して給気装置および
排気装置の制御が制御装置によって行われるので、過剰
な換気を行うことがなく、冷暖房に要するエネルギの無
駄を抑制することができる。特に本発明に従えば、車両
データテーブルを構成するメモリにストアされている喫
煙車または禁煙車を示す車両種類と、或る駅を発車して
から次の駅に到着するまでの時間とによって、制御装置
は、車両の必要性に合わせた最適な換気制御を行うこと
ができる。喫煙車であるときには、発生される炭酸ガス
の量が多いので、換気量を禁煙車よりも大きく設定し、
禁煙車では、換気量を小さくして、冷暖房に要するエネ
ルギの無駄を抑制する。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a vehicular ventilation control device for ventilating between the interior and exterior of a vehicle by operating an air supply device and an exhaust device, and determines whether the vehicle is a smoking vehicle or a non-smoking vehicle. A vehicle data table for storing the vehicle type to be indicated and the time from departure from a certain station to arrival at the next station; door opening / closing signal generating means for generating a signal indicating opening / closing of a vehicle door; Stop signal generating means for generating a signal indicating whether the vehicle is stopped, a load sensor for detecting a load on the vehicle body acting on the bogie, a door opening / closing signal generating means, a stop signal generating means, and a load sensor. Respond to each output,
Based on the load detected by the adaptive load sensor when the door is closed and the vehicle is stopped, the number of occupants calculating means for estimating and calculating the number of occupants N in the vehicle interior;
Responding to the store contents of the vehicle data table and the output of the number of passengers calculating means, the number of passengers N, the predetermined amount of carbon dioxide per passenger per unit time Ch, and the predetermined total air amount Q in the passenger compartment When the amount of ventilation is X based on the above formula, the amount C of carbon dioxide in the vehicle compartment is calculated, and the ventilation rate of the smoking car is set to be larger than that of the non-smoking car. A ventilation control device for a vehicle, comprising: a control device that controls an operation state of an air supply device and a ventilation device so as to be maintained at a predetermined value or less over time. According to the present invention, the load of the vehicle body acting on the bogie is detected by the adaptive load sensor, and the number of occupants in the vehicle interior is estimated based on the detected load. It can be accurately estimated. Since the control of the air supply device and the exhaust device is performed by the control device in accordance with the calculated ventilation amount, it is possible to suppress waste of energy required for cooling and heating without performing excessive ventilation. In particular, according to the present invention, depending on the vehicle type indicating a smoking car or a non-smoking car stored in the memory constituting the vehicle data table, and the time from departure from a certain station to arrival at the next station, The control device can perform optimal ventilation control according to the needs of the vehicle. When a car is a smoking car, the amount of carbon dioxide gas generated is large, so set the ventilation volume higher than that of a non-smoking car.
In a non-smoking car, the amount of ventilation is reduced to suppress the waste of energy required for cooling and heating.
【０００８】また本発明は、乗車人数演算手段は、応荷
重センサによって検出される空車時の車両単体荷重Ｗ０
および乗車時の車両荷重Ｗ１、ならびに乗客１人当たり
の予め定める体重Ｗｈとから、乗車人数Ｎを、 Ｎ ＝ （Ｗ１−Ｗ０）／Ｗｈ によって演算して求め、制御装置は、前記炭酸ガスの量
Ｃを、Further, according to the present invention, the means for calculating the number of occupants includes an idle vehicle load W0 detected by an adaptive load sensor when the vehicle is empty.
And the vehicle weight W1 at the time of riding and the predetermined weight Wh per passenger, the number of passengers N is calculated by N = (W1−W0) / Wh, and the control device determines the amount of carbon dioxide gas C To
【数５】 によって演算して求めることを特徴とする。本発明に従
えば、換気量を算出するための演算処理は車室内の炭酸
ガス濃度を抑制しつつ適正な換気量を確保するように行
われるので、車室内の空気を清浄に保ちながら充分な換
気を行うことができる。(Equation 5) It is characterized by being calculated by: According to the present invention, since the arithmetic processing for calculating the ventilation rate is performed so as to secure an appropriate ventilation rate while suppressing the carbon dioxide concentration in the vehicle interior, it is sufficient to keep the air in the vehicle interior clean and sufficient. Ventilation can be provided.
【０００９】また本発明は、応荷重センサの出力に応答
し、乗車人数にかかわらず車体の高さを一定に保つ制御
手段をさらに含むことを特徴とする。本発明に従えば、
車両に高さを一定に保つ制御を行うために設けられてい
る応荷重センサを用いて、換気制御のための応荷重も検
出するので、新たなセンサを設置する必要がなく、汚れ
による性能劣化なども考慮する必要はなく、低コストで
適切な換気制御を行うことができる。Further, the present invention is characterized in that it further includes control means for responding to the output of the adaptive load sensor and keeping the height of the vehicle body constant regardless of the number of occupants. According to the present invention,
The adaptive load sensor provided to control the vehicle at a constant height also detects the adaptive load for ventilation control.Therefore, there is no need to install a new sensor, and the performance is deteriorated due to dirt. There is no need to consider such factors, and appropriate ventilation control can be performed at low cost.
【００１０】[0010]
【００１１】[0011]
【００１２】[0012]
【発明の実施の形態】図１は、本発明の実施の一形態に
よる車両用換気制御のための概略的な構成を示す。鉄道
車両の車体１の車室内の換気制御のために、車室外から
車室内に空気を供給する給気装置２と、車室内の空気を
車室外に排出する排気装置３が設けられる。給気装置２
および排気装置３は、制御装置４によって運転状態が制
御される。給気装置２および排気装置３には、たとえば
給気ファンおよび排気ファン、さらにそれらを駆動する
モータや駆動制御装置がそれぞれ設けられている。さら
に各ファンに直列に、制御装置４によって開閉制御可能
な給気弁および排気弁が設けられることもある。制御装
置４は、換気量を算出すると、換気量に対応する指令値
をモータ駆動装置に対して回転数指令として与え、給気
装置２の給気量および排気装置３の排気量を制御する。FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration for ventilation control for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. An air supply device 2 for supplying air from outside the vehicle interior to the vehicle interior and an exhaust device 3 for discharging air from the interior of the vehicle exterior to the vehicle interior are provided for ventilation control of the interior of the vehicle body 1 of the railway vehicle. Air supply device 2
The operating state of the exhaust device 3 is controlled by the control device 4. The air supply device 2 and the exhaust device 3 are provided with, for example, an air supply fan and an exhaust fan, and a motor and a drive control device for driving them. Further, an air supply valve and an exhaust valve that can be opened and closed by the control device 4 may be provided in series with each fan. After calculating the ventilation volume, the control device 4 gives a command value corresponding to the ventilation volume as a rotation speed command to the motor drive device, and controls the air supply amount of the air supply device 2 and the exhaust amount of the exhaust device 3.
【００１３】車体１の下部には荷重を支えるための台車
５が設けられる。車体１と台車５との間は、乗り心地を
よくするために空気ばねなどが用いられ、車体１の高さ
が調整可能である。車体１の高さを乗車人数によらずに
一定に保つために、車体１と台車５との間には応荷重セ
ンサ６が設けられる。応荷重センサ６は、車体１の荷重
を検出する。車体１の荷重は、車室内の乗車人数によっ
て変動する。応荷重センサ６が検出する荷重を、乗車人
員が０の空車時の車両単体荷重Ｗ０［ｋｇ］および乗車
時の車両荷重Ｗ１［ｋｇ］とし、乗車人員１人当たりの
平均体重をＷｈ［ｋｇ］とすると、次の第１式によって
乗車人数の推定値Ｎ［人］が求められる。A bogie 5 for supporting a load is provided below the vehicle body 1. An air spring or the like is used between the vehicle body 1 and the bogie 5 to improve ride comfort, and the height of the vehicle body 1 is adjustable. In order to keep the height of the vehicle body 1 constant irrespective of the number of passengers, a variable load sensor 6 is provided between the vehicle body 1 and the bogie 5. The adaptive load sensor 6 detects a load on the vehicle body 1. The load of the vehicle body 1 varies depending on the number of passengers in the vehicle compartment. The load detected by the adaptive load sensor 6 is defined as an unoccupied vehicle load W0 [kg] and a vehicle load W1 [kg] when the vehicle is occupied and the average weight per occupant is Wh [kg]. Then, the estimated value N [person] of the number of passengers is obtained by the following first equation.
【００１４】[0014]
【数１】 (Equation 1)
【００１５】制御装置４は、応荷重センサ６が検出する
応荷重に従って、第１式に示す人数Ｎを推定し、車両が
喫煙車であるか禁煙車であるかの種類の違い、車両の運
行区域、運行時間および運行時期などの車両情報のデー
タテーブルを参照して、車体１の車室内の換気に必要な
換気量を算出する。応荷重センサ６による応荷重の検出
は、車両が停止しており、しかも乗客の移動が少なくな
っている状態で行うことが好ましい。このため、制御装
置４には扉開閉信号ライン７を介して扉の開閉を示す信
号が入力され、車両停止信号ライン８を介して車両が停
止しているか否かを示す信号が入力される。車体１に
は、車室内の冷暖房による空気調和を図るために、冷暖
房装置９も設けられている。換気量が大きくなれば冷暖
房装置９によるエネルギ消費も大きくなる。乗車人数に
対応して適切な換気量で制御が行われている際には、冷
暖房装置９の負担も軽減され、省エネルギを図ることが
できる。The control unit 4 estimates the number of persons N shown in the first equation according to the adaptive load detected by the adaptive load sensor 6, and determines the difference between the type of the vehicle, the smoking vehicle and the non-smoking vehicle, and the operation of the vehicle. Referring to a data table of vehicle information such as a zone, an operation time, and an operation time, a ventilation amount required for ventilation of the vehicle interior of the vehicle body 1 is calculated. The detection of the adaptive load by the adaptive load sensor 6 is preferably performed in a state where the vehicle is stopped and the movement of the passenger is reduced. For this reason, a signal indicating opening and closing of the door is input to the control device 4 via the door opening / closing signal line 7, and a signal indicating whether or not the vehicle is stopped is input via the vehicle stop signal line 8. The vehicle body 1 is also provided with a cooling and heating device 9 in order to achieve air conditioning by cooling and heating the vehicle interior. As the ventilation increases, the energy consumption by the cooling and heating device 9 also increases. When the control is performed with an appropriate ventilation rate according to the number of passengers, the load on the cooling and heating device 9 is reduced, and energy can be saved.
【００１６】図２は、図１に示す制御装置４の動作を示
す。ステップａ０として、車両データテーブルが用意さ
れる。車両データテーブル内には、車両が喫煙車である
か禁煙車であるかを示す車両種類と、運行時間として昼
間あるいは夜間などの区別、運行区域として車両が走行
する環境などについてのデータ、運行時期として車両が
走行する季節などについてのデータが含まれる。ステッ
プａ１で車室内外を仕切る扉が閉じる信号が扉開閉信号
ライン７を介して制御装置４に与えられると、制御装置
４はステップａ２で応荷重センサ６からの信号を取込
む。ステップａ３では応荷重センサ６から車両の応荷重
を表す車両荷重信号が制御装置４に与えられる。ステッ
プａ４で制御装置４は、応荷重の値から前述の第１式に
従って乗客数Ｎを推定する。乗客数が推定されると、ス
テップａ５で車両データテーブルが参照され、ステップ
ａ６で乗客数および車両データに対応して、換気量指令
値の計算が行われる。ステップａ７では、給気装置２お
よび排気装置３で、換気量指令値に対応するファンの回
転数制御が行われ、ステップａ８で適正な換気量の確保
が実現される。FIG. 2 shows the operation of the control device 4 shown in FIG. As step a0, a vehicle data table is prepared. In the vehicle data table, the vehicle type indicating whether the vehicle is a smoking car or a non-smoking car, the distinction of operation time such as daytime or nighttime, the data on the environment where the vehicle runs as the operation area, the operation time Includes data on the season in which the vehicle travels. In step a1, when a signal for closing the door partitioning the interior and exterior of the vehicle interior is given to the control device 4 via the door opening / closing signal line 7, the control device 4 takes in the signal from the adaptive load sensor 6 in step a2. In step a3, a vehicle load signal indicating a vehicle adaptive load is supplied from the adaptive load sensor 6 to the control device 4. At step a4, the control device 4 estimates the number of passengers N from the value of the adaptive load according to the above-described first formula. When the number of passengers is estimated, a vehicle data table is referred to in step a5, and a ventilation amount command value is calculated in step a6 according to the number of passengers and the vehicle data. In step a7, the air supply device 2 and the exhaust device 3 control the rotation speed of the fan corresponding to the ventilation command value, and in step a8, an appropriate ventilation is ensured.
【００１７】図３は、図２の動作に従う換気量制御状態
の一例を示す。図３（ａ）は車両の運転状態を示し、
（ｂ）は乗客数に対応する応荷重センサ値の変化を示
し、（ｃ）は換気制御による換気量の変化を示し、
（ｄ）は換気動作に伴う車室内の炭酸ガス濃度の変化を
示す。時刻ｔ０で空車状態の車両が駅に到着し、時刻ｔ
１で扉が開く。時刻ｔ２で扉が閉まるまでの間に、駅か
ら乗客が乗込む。乗客は、時刻ｔ３で車両が駅を発車す
るまでの間に座席に着席したりして、移動や車室内の出
入りは終了する。時刻ｔ２で扉が閉じると同時に、換気
量の制御が開始され、タバコによる空気の汚染が多い喫
煙車では禁煙車よりも大きな換気量での換気制御が開始
される。炭酸ガス濃度は、扉が閉じてから徐々に増加す
る。FIG. 3 shows an example of a ventilation volume control state according to the operation of FIG. FIG. 3A shows the driving state of the vehicle,
(B) shows the change of the adaptive load sensor value corresponding to the number of passengers, (c) shows the change of the ventilation volume by the ventilation control,
(D) shows a change in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the cabin due to the ventilation operation. At time t0, an empty vehicle arrives at the station, and at time t0
1 opens the door. Until the door closes at time t2, a passenger gets in from the station. The passenger sits on the seat until the vehicle departs from the station at time t3, and the movement and the entering and exiting of the passenger compartment are completed. At the same time as the door is closed at time t2, the control of the ventilation rate is started, and the ventilation control with a larger ventilation rate is started in the smoking car in which the air pollution by the cigarette is large than in the non-smoking car. The concentration of carbon dioxide gradually increases after the door is closed.
【００１８】時刻ｔ４で車両が駅に到着し、時刻ｔ５で
扉が開放されると、乗客はその駅に降車し、乗客数は減
少する。時刻ｔ６で再び扉が閉まって車両が発車する
と、新たな乗客数に対応する換気制御が行われる。時刻
ｔ３で駅を発車してから時刻ｔ４で駅に到着するまでの
時間等は、予め車両データテーブル内の運行時間で知る
ことができるので、換気量はこの時間内で炭酸ガス濃度
が炭酸ガス基準値まで到達しない程度に設定することが
できる。このように喫煙車や禁煙車等の車両の種類およ
び乗車人数に応じて換気量を変えることによって、換気
量の制御を行わない車両で最大限に換気を行う場合に比
較し、外気の流入量が適切となるため、冷暖房装置の負
荷も減少して省エネルギ効果を奏することができる。When the vehicle arrives at the station at time t4 and the door is opened at time t5, the passenger gets off the station and the number of passengers decreases. When the door closes again at time t6 and the vehicle starts, ventilation control corresponding to the new number of passengers is performed. The time from departure of the station at time t3 to arrival at the station at time t4 can be known in advance by the operation time in the vehicle data table. It can be set to such an extent that it does not reach the reference value. By changing the ventilation according to the type of vehicle such as a smoking car or a non-smoking car and the number of occupants, the amount of inflow of outside air can be reduced as compared to the case of maximizing ventilation in a vehicle that does not control ventilation. Therefore, the load on the cooling and heating device can be reduced and an energy saving effect can be achieved.
【００１９】次に、応荷重に基づいて推定した乗車人数
に基づく換気量の算出の基本となる考え方を示す。車室
内の炭酸ガスの量Ｃ［ｍ3］と換気量Ｘ［ｍ3／ｓｅｃ］
との関係は、乗客数をＮ［人］、単位時間当たりの乗客
１人当たりの炭酸ガスの発生量をＣｈ［ｍ3／ｓｅ
ｃ］、車室内の全空気量をＱ［ｍ3］とすると、次の第
２式のように表される。Next, the basic concept of calculating the ventilation rate based on the number of occupants estimated based on the adaptive load will be described. The amount of carbon dioxide in the passenger compartment C [m 3 ] and the amount of ventilation X [m 3 / sec]
The relationship between the number of passengers is N [person] and the amount of carbon dioxide generated per passenger per unit time is Ch [m 3 / sec.
c], assuming that the total amount of air in the vehicle interior is Q [m 3 ], it is expressed by the following second formula.
【００２０】[0020]
【数２】 (Equation 2)
【００２１】初期条件を、時刻ｔ＝０において炭酸ガス
の量Ｃ［ｍ3］がＣ＝０とすると、第２式の解として第
３式を得る。Assuming that the initial condition is that at time t = 0, the amount of carbon dioxide gas C [m 3 ] is C = 0, the third equation is obtained as a solution of the second equation.
【００２２】[0022]
【数３】 (Equation 3)
【００２３】第３式は、時刻ｔ＝０において炭酸ガス量
Ｃ＝０という理想的な場合の式であるが、現実の場合の
考え方もこの式に基づいて差しつかえない。第３式によ
って、換気量Ｘを適正な値とすれば、車室内の炭酸ガス
の量Ｃを一定値以下に保つことが可能である。The third equation is an equation in an ideal case where the amount of carbon dioxide gas is C = 0 at time t = 0, but the idea in a real case can be based on this equation. By setting the ventilation volume X to an appropriate value according to the third equation, it is possible to maintain the amount C of carbon dioxide in the vehicle cabin below a certain value.
【００２４】[0024]
【発明の効果】以上のように請求項１の本発明によれ
ば、車体の応荷重から乗車人数を推定して換気の必要量
を算出し、給気装置および排気装置の運転状態を制御す
るので、人数に応じた適切な換気制御を容易に行うこと
ができる。車室内を冷暖房するような場合であっても、
適切な換気量で給気装置および排気装置が運転されるの
で、冷暖房のエネルギが無駄に使用されることなく、エ
ネルギの有効利用を図ることができる。特に本発明によ
れば、車両データテーブルには、喫煙車であるか禁煙車
であるかを示す車両種類と、或る駅を発車してから次の
駅に到着するまでの時間とがストアされ、これによって
換気量が制御されるので、車両の使用目的に沿って、車
両の走行中に適切な換気制御を行うことができる。また
本発明によれば、車室内の炭酸ガスの量Ｃを演算して求
め、喫煙車では禁煙車よりも大きな換気量に設定して、
車室内の炭酸ガスの量Ｃが予め定める一定値以下に保た
れるように給気装置および換気装置を制御するので、車
室内の空気を健全に保つためのエネルギ消費を低減し、
効率的な換気を行うことができる。さらに本発明によれ
ば、たとえば車体の高さを一定に保つために車両に設け
られている応荷重センサを利用して、乗車人数Ｎを演算
するようにしたので、従来の技術に関連して前述した炭
酸ガスセンサを設ける必要がなく、これによって信頼性
の高い換気制御を効率的に行うことができる。また本発
明によれば、応荷重センサの検出荷重は、扉開閉信号発
生手段と停止信号発生手段との各出力によって扉が閉じ
ておりかつ車両が停止しているときに、乗車人数Ｎを演
算するために用いられる。これによって乗車人数、した
がって炭酸ガスの量Ｃをできるだけ正確に演算すること
ができるようになり、換気量を正確に制御することがで
きるようになる。As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the required number of ventilation is calculated by estimating the number of occupants from the adaptive load of the vehicle body, and the operating state of the air supply device and the exhaust device is controlled. Therefore, appropriate ventilation control according to the number of people can be easily performed. Even in the case of cooling and heating the cabin,
Since the air supply device and the exhaust device are operated with an appropriate ventilation volume, the energy for cooling and heating can be effectively used without wasting energy. In particular, according to the present invention, the vehicle data table stores the vehicle type indicating whether the vehicle is a smoking vehicle or a non-smoking vehicle, and the time from departure from a certain station to arrival at the next station. This controls the amount of ventilation, so that appropriate ventilation control can be performed while the vehicle is running, according to the purpose of use of the vehicle. Further, according to the present invention, the amount C of carbon dioxide in the passenger compartment is calculated and obtained, and the ventilation rate is set to be larger in a smoking car than in a non-smoking car,
Since the air supply device and the ventilation device are controlled such that the amount C of the carbon dioxide in the vehicle compartment is kept below a predetermined value, the energy consumption for keeping the air in the vehicle compartment sound is reduced,
Efficient ventilation can be performed. Further, according to the present invention, for example, the number of occupants N is calculated by using the adaptive load sensor provided on the vehicle in order to keep the height of the vehicle body constant. There is no need to provide the above-described carbon dioxide sensor, so that highly reliable ventilation control can be efficiently performed. According to the present invention, the detected load of the adaptive load sensor is used to calculate the number of occupants N when the door is closed and the vehicle is stopped by the outputs of the door open / close signal generating means and the stop signal generating means. Used to As a result, the number of passengers, that is, the amount C of carbon dioxide gas can be calculated as accurately as possible, and the amount of ventilation can be controlled accurately.
【００２５】請求項２の本発明によれば、応荷重センサ
の出力によって、乗車人数Ｎを演算することができ、ま
た前述のように炭酸ガスセンサを用いることなく、炭酸
ガスの量Ｃの時間経過を演算して求めることができるよ
うになる。こうして車室内の炭酸ガスの量Ｃを、一定値
以下に保たれるように、給気装置および換気装置の運転
状態を制御することが確実になる。According to the second aspect of the present invention, the number of occupants N can be calculated based on the output of the adaptive load sensor, and the amount of carbon dioxide gas C can be calculated over time without using the carbon dioxide gas sensor as described above. Can be calculated and obtained. In this way, it is ensured that the operation states of the air supply device and the ventilation device are controlled so that the amount C of the carbon dioxide in the vehicle compartment is kept below a certain value.
【００２６】請求項３の本発明によれば、応荷重センサ
の出力によって乗車人数にかかわらず車体の高さを一定
に保つようにし、このようにして用いられる応荷重セン
サの出力を、炭酸ガスの量Ｃが予め定める一定値以下に
保たれるようにするための給気装置および排気装置の運
転状態の制御のためにも兼用して用いられ、構成の簡略
化が図られる。According to the third aspect of the present invention, the height of the vehicle body is kept constant irrespective of the number of occupants by the output of the adaptive load sensor. Is also used for controlling the operating states of the air supply device and the exhaust device so that the amount C of the gas supply is maintained at a predetermined value or less, and the configuration is simplified.
【００２７】[0027]
【００２８】[0028]
【図１】本発明の実施の一形態の概略的な電気的構成を
示すブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic electrical configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図１の制御装置４の動作を示すフローチャート
である。FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an operation of the control device 4 of FIG.
【図３】図２の制御動作の一例を示すタイムチャートで
ある。FIG. 3 is a time chart illustrating an example of a control operation in FIG. 2;
１ 車体 ２ 給気装置 ３ 排気装置 ４ 制御装置 ５ 台車 ６ 応荷重センサ ７ 扉開閉信号ライン ８ 車両停止信号ライン ９ 冷暖房装置 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 vehicle body 2 air supply device 3 exhaust device 4 control device 5 trolley 6 adaptive load sensor 7 door open / close signal line 8 vehicle stop signal line 9 air conditioner
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 清水 邦彦 兵庫県神戸市兵庫区和田山通２丁目１番 18号 川崎重工業株式会社 兵庫工場内 (56)参考文献 特開 平２−258410（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭55−148610（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平６−64536（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平１−240361（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 昭61−177969（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 特公 平６−13293（ＪＰ，Ｂ２) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) B61D 27/00 B61F 5/10 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Kunihiko Shimizu 2-1-1-18 Wadayama-dori, Hyogo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Hyogo Plant (56) References A) JP-A-55-148610 (JP, A) JP-A-6-64536 (JP, A) JP-A-1-240361 (JP, A) Japanese Utility Model Publication No. Sho 61-177969 (JP, U) -13293 (JP, B2) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) B61D 27/00 B61F 5/10
Claims (3)
気装置の運転によって行う車両用換気制御装置におい
て、 車両が喫煙車であるか禁煙車であるかを示す車両種類
と、或る駅を発車してから次の駅に到着するまでの時間
とをストアする車両データテーブルと、 車両の扉の開閉を示す信号を発生する扉開閉信号発生手
段と、 車両が停止しているか否かを示す信号を発生する停止信
号発生手段と、 台車に作用する車体の荷重を検出する応荷重センサと、 扉開閉信号発生手段と停止信号発生手段と応荷重センサ
との各出力に応答し、扉が閉じておりかつ車両が停止し
ているときにおける応荷重センサによって検出される荷
重に基づいて、車室内の乗車人数Ｎを推定して演算する
乗車人数演算手段と、 車両データテーブルのストア内容と乗車人数演算手段の
出力とに応答し、乗車人数Ｎと、単位時間当たりの乗客
１人当たりの炭酸ガスの予め定める発生量Ｃｈと、車室
内の予め定める全空気量Ｑとに基づいて、換気量をＸと
するとき、車室内の炭酸ガスの量Ｃを演算し、喫煙車で
は禁煙車よりも大きな換気量に設定して、この炭酸ガス
の量Ｃが時間ｔの経過に伴って、予め定める一定値以下
に保たれるように、給気装置および換気装置の運転状態
を制御する制御装置とを含むことを特徴とする車両用換
気制御装置。1. A vehicle ventilation control device for performing ventilation between a vehicle interior and an exterior by operating an air supply device and an exhaust device, comprising: a vehicle type indicating whether the vehicle is a smoking vehicle or a non-smoking vehicle; A vehicle data table that stores the time from when the vehicle departs to when it arrives at the next station, a door opening / closing signal generating unit that generates a signal indicating the opening and closing of the vehicle door, and whether the vehicle is stopped or not. A stop signal generating means for generating a signal indicating the load, a load sensor for detecting a load on the vehicle body acting on the bogie, a door opening / closing signal generating means, a stop signal generating means, and a response to each output of the load sensor. A number of passengers calculating means for estimating and calculating the number of passengers N in the vehicle cabin based on the load detected by the adaptive load sensor when the vehicle is closed and the vehicle is stopped; Man In response to the output of the number calculating means, the ventilation amount is determined based on the number of passengers N, the predetermined generation amount of carbon dioxide per passenger per unit time Ch, and the predetermined total air amount Q in the vehicle interior. When X, the amount C of carbon dioxide in the vehicle compartment is calculated, and the ventilation rate is set to be larger in a smoking car than in a non-smoking car. A control device for controlling an operation state of the air supply device and the ventilation device so as to be maintained at a value or less.
Ｗ０および乗車時の車両荷重Ｗ１、ならびに乗客１人当
たりの予め定める体重Ｗｈとから、乗車人数Ｎを、 Ｎ ＝ （Ｗ１−Ｗ０）／Ｗｈ によって演算して求め、 制御装置は、前記炭酸ガスの量Ｃを、 【数４】 によって演算して求めることを特徴とする請求項１記載
の車両用換気制御装置。2. The occupant count calculating means calculates the occupant count N from an empty vehicle load W0 and an occupied vehicle load W1 detected by an adaptive load sensor, and a predetermined weight Wh per passenger. N = (W1−W0) / Wh, and the controller calculates the amount C of the carbon dioxide gas as follows: 2. The vehicle ventilation control device according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle ventilation control device obtains the calculation by:
にかかわらず車体の高さを一定に保つ制御手段をさらに
含むことを特徴とする請求項１または２記載の車両用換
気制御装置。3. The ventilation control device for a vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising control means for keeping the height of the vehicle body constant irrespective of the number of occupants in response to the output of the adaptive load sensor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8212862A JP2913620B2 (en) | 1996-08-12 | 1996-08-12 | Ventilation control device for vehicles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8212862A JP2913620B2 (en) | 1996-08-12 | 1996-08-12 | Ventilation control device for vehicles |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1059178A JPH1059178A (en) | 1998-03-03 |
| JP2913620B2 true JP2913620B2 (en) | 1999-06-28 |
Family
ID=16629536
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8212862A Expired - Fee Related JP2913620B2 (en) | 1996-08-12 | 1996-08-12 | Ventilation control device for vehicles |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2913620B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100600559B1 (en) | 2004-11-22 | 2006-07-13 | 모딘코리아 유한회사 | Apparatus for elimination of air pollutant and control method thereof |
| JP4667116B2 (en) * | 2005-05-16 | 2011-04-06 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Train smoke system |
| JP4832006B2 (en) * | 2005-06-10 | 2011-12-07 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Train ventilation system |
| JP5118553B2 (en) * | 2008-05-27 | 2013-01-16 | パナソニック株式会社 | Railway vehicles with deodorizing and disinfecting functions |
| US8892277B2 (en) | 2009-07-22 | 2014-11-18 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Vehicle air-conditioning control method |
| JP2012101626A (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2012-05-31 | Ihi Corp | Air conditioner for vehicle and air-conditioning method |
| JP6942075B2 (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2021-09-29 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Ventilation and air conditioning system for vehicles and ventilation method |
| US20240010051A1 (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2024-01-11 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Air conditioner for rail vehicle |
-
1996
- 1996-08-12 JP JP8212862A patent/JP2913620B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH1059178A (en) | 1998-03-03 |
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