JP2881429B2 - Garbage processing machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a garbage disposer for fermenting and decomposing garbage to produce fertilizer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for a garbage disposal machine that decomposes garbage, such as vegetable waste, generated at home by decomposing the garbage using microorganisms (for example, Bacillus bacillus, etc.) using an organic substance decomposing action. ing.

The above-mentioned garbage disposal machine is generally configured to put microorganisms together with garbage into one treatment tank, and to mix and agitate the garbage and microorganisms in the treatment tank to perform fermentation decomposition. It is.

[0004]

However, in the case of the garbage processing machine having the above structure, the garbage is fermented and decomposed in one treatment tank. It is necessary to take out the garbage after completion of the garbage, and then to put in new garbage. Therefore, the next garbage cannot be put in until the fermentation decomposition process of the put garbage is completed, and if new garbage is put in the middle of fermentation, until all the garbage is fermented, There is a problem that the time is long. In particular, since garbage is generated every day at home, there is a possibility that the above-described inconvenience may reduce the use value of the garbage disposal machine by half.

[0005] In addition, since a batch system is used in which the processing tank is emptied and the next garbage is put in each processing, microorganisms are newly added every time new garbage is put in. This must be done, and the amount of microorganisms used inevitably increases.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and comprises a processing tank composed of two upper and lower stages (namely, a fermentation tank and an aging tank) to enable continuous input of garbage and microorganisms. The purpose is to be able to reduce the amount of use as much as possible.

[0007]

According to the basic structure of the present invention, as a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, a garbage input port is provided, and garbage and microorganisms are fermented while being pulverized by the first stirring means. A fermentation tank and an aging tank positioned below the fermentation tank and aged while the fermented garbage is aged while being stirred by the second stirring means are disposed in the same casing, and the fermentation tank is A large number of pores are formed at the bottom for letting the garbage crushed by the first stirring means fall into the aging tank in the fermentation tank.

In the basic constitution of the present invention, when a deodorizing means for deodorizing the odor generated from the fermentation tank and the aging tank is provided, the odor generated during the fermentation and the aging can be removed. Is also preferred.

When the fermenter is provided with a first heating means for controlling the temperature to a temperature at which the microorganisms can grow, the fermenter can be placed in an environmental condition in which the microorganisms can grow to the maximum extent. It is preferable in that the organic substance decomposition action can be maximized.

In the case where the ripening tank is provided with a second heating means for heating the ripened product so as to sterilize and bake it, harmful germs and the like in the processed product after fermentation and ripening can be sterilized. Thus, the obtained treated product is preferable in that it is harmless. In this case, when the second heating means is switched to a microorganism growth temperature and a sterilization and baking treatment temperature, the growth of microorganisms in the aging tank is improved. This is more preferable in that the same heating means can be used for both securing the temperature and sterilizing and firing.

Further, it is preferable that the first and second stirring means are intermittently rotated forward and backward intermittently, since the garbage in the fermenter and the ripening tank can be favorably stirred.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Some preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First Embodiment FIGS. 1 to 4 show a garbage processing machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

This garbage disposal machine is provided with two upper and lower treatment tanks (that is, an upper fermentation tank 2 and a lower aging tank 3) disposed in a casing 1.

The fermenter 2 has a bottomed container having a garbage inlet 4 for charging garbage and microorganisms (for example, Bacillus bacterium) at an upper portion thereof. First stirring means 5 for stirring and pulverizing is provided. Reference numeral 6 denotes a lid that covers the garbage input port 4 so that it can be opened and closed.

The first stirring means 5 includes a rotating shaft 8 rotatably supported by bearings 7, 7 provided on both side walls 2 a, 2 a of the fermenter 2, and a rotating shaft 8. It is composed of three stirring blades 9, 10, 11 pivotably supported in a co-rotating manner. These stirring blades 9, 10, 11 have a function of mixing air into the garbage by stirring the garbage and a crushing function of finely crushing the garbage. The blade 10 mainly has a crushing function,
The stirring blades 9 and 11 on both sides mainly have a stirring function. The tip of the stirring blade 10 has a bifurcated cutting blade 10.
a, 10a, and the projections 12 projecting from the inner wall of the fermenter 2 pass between the cutting blades 10a, 10a, so that long garbage can be cut short.

The bottom of the fermenter 2 has a U-shaped cross section so that the stirring blades 9, 10, 11 of the first stirring means 5 can rotate with a slight gap therebetween. At a position slightly above the lowest part, a number of pores 13, 1 for dropping garbage crushed in the fermentation tank 2 and being fermented into the ripening tank 3 located below.
3 ... are formed.

In the aging tank 3, a second stirring means 14 for stirring garbage is provided. The second stirring means 14 has a rotating shaft 16 rotatably supported on bearings 15, 15 provided on both side walls 3 a, 3 a of the ripening tank 3, and can rotate together with the rotating shaft 16. And three stirring blades 17, 18, and 19 pivotally supported by the blade. These stirring blades 17, 18, and 19 have a function of mixing air into the garbage by stirring the garbage.

The bottom of the ripening tank 3 has a U-shaped cross section so that the second stirring means 14 can rotate with a slight gap therebetween. An outlet 20 for taking out the processed material is formed. The outlet 20 is provided with a shutter 21 that can be operated from outside the casing 1. The shutter 21 is slidable by being guided by a guide rail portion 22 formed at an edge of the outlet 20.
Its end is exposed outside the casing 1. The outlet 20 is opened by the sliding operation of the shutter 21 in the direction indicated by the arrow P in FIG. Reference numeral 23 denotes an operation knob for sliding the shutter 21.

A space 24 having a predetermined height is formed below the aging tank 3, and a dust box 25 for receiving the processed material taken out from the outlet 20 is formed in the space 24. It is arranged. The dust box 25 can be pulled out from an opening 26 formed in the casing 1.

Further, on the outer peripheral surface of the bottom of the fermenter 2,
The temperature at which microorganisms can grow in the fermenter 2 (for example, 58
A first heater 27 serving as a first heating unit for controlling the temperature to (° C. to 60 ° C.) is additionally provided. The first heater 27 can also apply a heating force to the aging tank 3 side. That is, it also functions as an auxiliary heater when heating the inside of the aging tank 3 to a temperature at which microorganisms can grow. By doing so, it is possible to reduce the power consumption of the second heater 28 (described later) when maintaining the ripening tank 3 at the microorganism growth temperature.

Further, at a position other than the outlet 20 on the outer peripheral surface of the bottom of the ripening tank 3, the temperature in the ripening tank 3 is controlled to a temperature at which microorganisms can grow (for example, 58 ° C. to 60 ° C.). A second heater 28 serving as a second heating means for heating the treated material to a temperature (for example, about 100 ° C.) at which the treated product can be sterilized and fired after the completion of aging is additionally provided. In other words, the amount of heat generated by the second heater 28 is switched so as to obtain a microorganism growth temperature (for example, 58 ° C. to 60 ° C.) and a sterilizing and baking treatment temperature (for example, about 100 ° C.). is there. Reference numeral 29 denotes a holding frame for holding the second heater 28.

The rotating shafts 8, 16 of the first and second stirring means 5, 14 project from one side wall 2a of the fermentation tank 2 and one side wall 3a of the aging tank 3, respectively. Pulleys 30 and 31 having the same diameter are pivotally supported. A belt 32 for transmitting power is bridged between these pulleys 30 and 31.

On the other hand, a driven pulley 33 having the same diameter as the pulley 31 is supported on the rotating shaft 16 of the second stirring means 14 coaxially with the pulley 31.
Is connected to a driving pulley 35 of a motor 34 as a driving source via a belt 36 so as to be able to transmit power.
The driving pulley 35 has a smaller diameter than the driven pulley 33, and the driving force of the motor 34 is reduced and transmitted to the driven pulley 33.

The motor 34 is reversibly rotatable, and is controlled by a control means 61, which will be described later, for example, in a forward rotation (15 minutes), a reverse rotation (15 minutes) and a pause (3 minutes).
(0 minutes). That is, the first and second stirring means 5 and 14 are intermittently rotated forward and backward.

Furthermore, one side wall 2 of the fermenter 2
An odor outlet 37 for taking out odors generated in the fermentation tank 2 and the aging tank 3 is formed in the upper part a. The odor outlet 37 is connected via a duct 39 to an exhaust port 38 formed at an appropriate position on the side wall of the casing 1.
A deodorizing means 40 is provided in the middle of the duct 39. On the outlet side of the duct 39, an exhaust fan 41 that is operated with a slight wind is provided. That is, the odor generated in the fermentation tank 2 and the aging tank 3 is exhausted by the exhaust fan 41.
The air is guided into the duct 39 by the suction force of the air, and is deodorized in the process of passing through the deodorizing means 40 to form odorless air.
It is to be discharged from. Reference numeral 42 denotes a plate provided on the downstream side of the deodorizing means 40 in the duct 39.

As the deodorizing means 40, a deodorizing cartridge filled with a deodorizing agent such as activated carbon can be used. However, it is preferable to use a deodorizing tank as shown in FIG. 3 in order to improve the deodorizing effect. .

The deodorizing means 40 shown in FIG. 3 is provided with a deodorizing tank 43 in which a deodorizing solution W in which a deodorizing agent is dissolved in water is stored at the bottom. At the bottom of the deodorization tank 43, a space portion 45 is formed below a portion where the deodorizing solution W is stored and partitioned by a partition wall 44. Further, the inside of the deodorization tank 43 is divided into a first deodorization chamber 47 and a second deodorization chamber 48 by a partition plate 46 which is vertically provided from the upper wall 43a until it is immersed in the deodorization solution W. The wall 44 is provided with a communication pipe 49 that communicates the first deodorizing chamber 47 and the space 45 and a communication pipe 50 that communicates the space 45 and the second deodorizing chamber 48. The communication pipes 49, 50
Is made of a porous member into which the deodorizing solution W can penetrate, so that the deodorizing solution W and the odor can be efficiently contacted in the process of passing through the communication pipes 49 and 50. Reference numeral 51 denotes an odor inlet, and 52 denotes a clean air outlet.

Above the second deodorizing chamber 48, a deodorizing case 53 containing a solid deodorant S is provided. The deodorizing case 53 includes a cylindrical case portion 53a and a conical case portion 53b that forms the bottom of the cylindrical case portion 53a.
A large number of distribution ports 54 are formed in 3b. With such a configuration, the odor rising from the communication pipe 50 flows into the deodorizing case 53 almost uniformly, and the deodorant S can be effectively used.

The electric components of the garbage disposer according to the present embodiment are connected as shown in FIG. The description of the already described electric elements (for example, the first and second heaters 27 and 28, the motor 34, and the like) is omitted.

In FIG. 4, reference numeral 61 denotes a microcomputer board acting as control means, 62 denotes a power plug, 63 denotes a switch, 64 denotes a temperature fuse, 65 denotes a power lamp, 66 denotes a heat retaining lamp, 67 denotes a temperature sensor, and 68 denotes a fan. A motor, 69 is a lid opening / closing sensor for detecting the opening / closing of the lid 6,
Reference numeral 70 denotes a shutter opening / closing sensor for detecting opening / closing of the shutter 20, reference numeral 71 denotes a firing switch which is closed during sterilizing firing, and reference numeral 72 denotes a protection sensor for protecting the motor 34.

Next, a processing procedure of garbage by the garbage processing machine will be described with reference to flowcharts shown in FIGS.

The lid 6 is opened and garbage is introduced into the fermenter 2 from the garbage inlet 4 and microorganisms (for example, Bacillus bacteria) are introduced.
Is added, the cover 6 is closed, the motor 34 is driven, the first and second stirring means 5 and 14 are operated, and
And the temperature at which microorganisms can grow in the fermenter 2 and the ripening tank 3 by the second heaters 27 and 28 (for example, 58 ° C. to 60 ° C.).
(° C.) is executed (step S _{1 in the} flowchart shown in FIG. 5). At this time, the exhaust fan 41 starts to be driven (step S _{2 in the} flowchart shown in FIG. 5), and as described above, the first and second stirring means 5 and 14 rotate forward (for 15 minutes) and reverse (for 15 minutes). motor control is performed which is the operation control to repeat min) and resting (30 min) (step S ₃ in the flowchart shown in FIG. 5).

Then, in the fermenter 2, the garbage is stirred and pulverized by the first stirring means 5, and the microorganisms grow. The garbage is fermented by the action of decomposing the organic matter. The garbage during fermentation, which has been pulverized and fined by the first stirring means 5, falls into the ripening tank 3 through the fine holes 13, and is stirred by the second stirring means 14 in the ripening tank 3. It is fermented and aged. Thus, when the fermentation ripening is completed, the calcination of bacteria is performed in which the heat generated by the electric heater 28 is switched to a temperature (for example, 100 ° C.) at which germs and the like in the processed product can be sterilized and baked (for example, a flowchart shown in FIG. step S ₄₎ in.
When the sterilizing and baking process is completed, the shutter 21 is pulled out, and the processed product is dropped from the outlet 20 into the dust box 25.

Next, each of the above-mentioned controls will be described in detail with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS.

(I) Heater Control When the heating by the first heater and the second heaters 27 and 28 is started, the temperatures in the fermentation tank 2 and the aging tank 3 are detected by the temperature sensor 67 (step S ₁ ). in S ₂ ~ step S _5, the first and second heaters 27 and 28 are ON · OFF control so that the detected temperature of the temperature sensor 67 is 58 ° C. to 60 ° C..

(II) Motor Control In step S ₁ , the motor 34 is driven to rotate forward, and in step S ₂ , the motor 34 is driven to rotate forward until it is determined that the operation time has elapsed 15 minutes. motor 34 at ₃ is driven reversely rotated, the operation time in step S ₄ is continued reverse rotation drive until it is determined that after 15 minutes, after a lapse of 15 minutes, the operation of the motor 34 is stopped in step S _5, stop time in step S ₆ is shutdown until judged after 30 minutes is continued, after 30 minutes step S
Return to ₁ .

(III) Bacterial Firing Control When the firing switch 71 is turned on in step S ₁ , the second heater 28 controls 100 in step S ₂ .
℃ the heated executed in insulation state, and the holding time in step S ₃ is continued heating until it is determined that two hours have passed, the shutdown and after two hours.

By the way, when garbage remains in the fermentation tank 2, garbage to be processed next may be generated. In addition, the fermentation action in the fermenter 2 can be continued, and the garbage being fermented is transferred from the fermenter 2 to the maturation tank 3 sequentially, so that there is no hindrance. , It is not necessary to add.

The odor generated in the fermentation tank 2 and the aging tank 3 is deodorized and removed by the deodorizing means 40 in the course of passing through the duct 39, and is discharged from the exhaust port 38. It can be used indoors such as a kitchen.

Further, since this garbage disposal machine is of a two-tank type comprising a fermentation tank 2 and an aging tank 3, the height of the garbage disposal is slightly higher, but the floor space required for installation is small. It is ideal for use in narrow spaces such as

[0042]

According to the present invention, a fermentation tank for fermenting garbage and microorganisms and a ripening tank positioned below the fermentation tank for ripening garbage being fermented are vertically arranged in the same casing. In addition to being arranged in two stages, a large number of pores are formed at the bottom of the fermentation tank, and garbage pulverized by the first stirring means in the fermentation tank is dropped into the maturation tank. As a result, the fermentation and the aging can be performed separately, and the continuous input of garbage becomes possible. Therefore,
There is an excellent effect that it becomes extremely convenient for home use, in which garbage is generated each time cooking is performed.

Further, since the garbage crushed by the first stirring means in the fermenter is dropped into the ripening tank through a number of pores formed at the bottom of the fermenter, special garbage is produced. There is no need to form a garbage transfer passage, and the structure can be simplified, and the device can be made compact.

Further, since the fermentation tank and the aging tank are arranged in two stages in the same casing, the passage for the garbage is formed by a large number of pores, so that the installation space is increased. There is also an effect that it is not necessary to increase the size, and it is optimal for use in a narrow space such as a kitchen.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a garbage processing machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a specific example of a deodorizing means in the garbage processing machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a connection diagram of electrical elements in the garbage disposer according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the garbage processing machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating heater control in the garbage processing machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing motor control in the garbage processing machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the control of the bacterium firing in the garbage processing machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of a garbage processing machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 is a casing, 2 is a fermentation tank, 3 is an aging tank, 4 is a garbage inlet, 5 is a first stirring means, 13 is a fine hole, 14 is a second stirring means, 20 is an outlet, 25 is a dust box, 27 Is a first heating means (first heater), 28 is a second heating means (second heater), 34 is a motor, 37 is an odor outlet, 38 is an exhaust port, 39 is a duct, 40 is a deodorizing means, and 41 is exhaust. fan.

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-6-15246 (JP, A) JP-A-6-304542 (JP, A) JP-A-1-94303 (JP, A) JP-A-4-89379 (JP) , A) JP-A-8-57476 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) C05F 1/00-17/02 C05G 1/00 B09B 3/00 ZAB

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A fermenter having a garbage input port and fermenting garbage and microorganisms while crushing the garbage and microorganisms by a first stirring means.
A fermentation tank, which is located below the fermentation tank and matures while stirring the garbage being fermented by the second stirring means, is arranged in the same casing, and at the bottom of the fermentation tank, A garbage disposal machine, wherein a plurality of pores are formed in the fermenter to allow garbage crushed by the first stirring means to fall into the ripening tank. 2. The garbage disposal machine according to claim 1, further comprising deodorizing means for deodorizing odors generated from the fermentation tank and the aging tank. 3. The fermenter according to claim 1, wherein said fermenter is provided with a first heating means which is temperature-controlled to a temperature at which microorganisms can proliferate. Garbage disposal machine. 4. The aging tank according to claim 1, further comprising a second heating means for heating the ripened product for sterilization and baking. Garbage processing machine. 5. The garbage disposer according to claim 4, wherein said second heating means is switched to a microorganism growth temperature and a sterilization and baking treatment temperature. 6. The garbage disposer according to claim 1, wherein the first and second stirring means are intermittently rotated forward and backward.