JP2779796B2 - Numerical control unit - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a numerical control device,
The present invention relates to a numerical control device that controls a plurality of controlled axes. [Prior art] Numerical control devices that instruct the position of a tool with respect to a workpiece by numerical information have advantages such as improved productivity, labor saving, and thorough management, and are applied to various machine tools and widely used. Have been. FIG. 2 shows an example of a conventional numerical controller. In this figure, the control unit (50) includes a central processing unit (hereinafter, referred to as “CPU”) (52), and further includes a data input / output unit (54) and a signal input / output unit (56). Are connected to each other. The control unit (50) further includes an arithmetic unit (58) and a storage unit (6
0) and the drive unit (62) are connected to each other, and the drive unit (6
2), a servo motor group (64) is connected. Of these, the data input / output unit (54) is for inputting / outputting processing data, particularly a processing program, from / to an external data input / output device (not shown), and the signal input / output unit (56) This is for inputting and outputting control data such as start and stop. Next, the storage unit (60) is provided with a data area (60A) and a program area (60B). The processing data and the processing program input from the data input / output unit (54) are stored in the data area (60A), and the control data input from the signal input / output unit (56) is stored in the program area (60B). It has become so. Next, the calculation section (58) performs calculations necessary for controlling the servomotor group (64) and the spindle. For example, when a drive command is given at a vector speed, the decomposition speed in the coordinate axis direction is given. , An arithmetic process such as interpolation for obtaining a moving distance for a predetermined time is performed. Next, the drive unit (62) corresponds to the fact that the servo motor group (64) is composed of three servo motors, a servo motor (64A), a servo motor (64B), and a servo motor (64C). And three drive circuits (62A), (62B), (62
C). Note that the servo motor group (64) actually corresponds to a servo motor of a three-axis driving portion of a machine tool such as a lathe or a drilling machine. Next, the operation of the above device will be described. Data necessary for performing processing control is input from an external device by a data input / output unit (54) and a signal input / output unit (56). These data are stored in the data area (60A) and the program area (60B) of the storage unit (60) by the control unit (50). Next, the control unit (50) sets the program area storage unit (60
Based on the programs and data stored in B), the calculation unit (58) performs the above-described interpolation and other calculations from the data and programs stored in the data area (60A), and drives the drive unit (62). Make a command. As a result, the servo motor group (64) is driven, and required processing is executed according to the input data. As described above, the servo motors (64A), the servo motors (64B), and the servo motors (64
C) is not driven independently but driven as a whole. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] By the way, in the above-described conventional numerical control device, the whole is operated by the control program stored in the program area (60B) of the storage unit (60), and the driving unit The servo motor (64A), servo motor (64B), and servo motor (64C) connected to (62) cannot be driven independently. For example, a servo motor (64A) is used for drill movement of a drilling machine, and a servo motor (64B) and a servo motor (64A) are used.
C) cannot be used for lathes. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a numerical controller as shown in FIG. 2 for each machine. Therefore, when numerical control of many machines is performed, a large amount of equipment is required, which is disadvantageous in terms of cost. The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and can numerically control a plurality of machines efficiently, and can commonly identify the axis name of a control target in a control program of each machine, and also in terms of cost. It is an object to provide an advantageous numerical control device. [Means for Solving the Problems] According to the present invention, a necessary calculation is performed by a calculation unit based on control data input from a signal input / output unit and a control program and a machining program stored in a storage unit. In a numerical control device that provides a control command necessary for a drive unit to be controlled by a control unit, a data input / output unit that inputs and outputs machining data and a machining program, and a plurality of data input / output units that can independently input and output control data. A single numerical control device is provided with a signal input / output unit, a plurality of drive units each capable of independently driving a control target, and a plurality of control programs each independently executable, and the machining data And by referring to the control data and the plurality of control programs, the plurality of signal input / output units, the plurality of driving units,
A system control unit stored in the storage unit that forms a system with an arbitrary number of axes by arbitrarily combining the plurality of control programs, and the storage unit that arbitrarily sets an axis name to be controlled in the control program And a name setting means stored in the control unit, wherein the control unit performs control based on the control program for each system of the arbitrary number of axes. [Operation] The present invention mainly includes a data input / output unit, a signal input / output unit, a drive unit, a control program, a system control unit, and a name setting unit. Here, a plurality of signal input / output units, driving units, and control programs are provided in one numerical control device. The signal input / output units can independently input and output control data. The driving units can independently drive the control target. The control programs can be executed independently of each other. The system control unit is a program stored in the storage unit, and refers to the processing data, the control data, and the plurality of control programs to arbitrarily combine the plurality of signal input / output units, the driving unit, and the control program. To form a system with an arbitrary number of axes. That is, in the present invention, a single numerical control device is provided with a plurality of signal input / output units, drive units, and control programs, respectively, and these units are each provided with at least one of the above-described units by a system control unit. It is divided into several groups. Further, since the system control means is a program stored in the storage unit, the number of systems is not limited by the hardware configuration. In other words, the number of systems can be increased or decreased by changing the processing contents of the program of the system control means. Further, the control unit performs control based on a control program for each grouped system. That is, the control unit gives necessary control commands to the drive unit for driving the control target based on the control program for each grouped system, and at this time, the control unit Cannot be executed at the same time, and one of the control programs in each system is executed in the order of the specified system by so-called task control.Therefore, there is a time lag in calculating control data for each system. Occurs. Therefore, in order to maintain the synchronization of the control axes of the numerical controller, the data calculated for each system is output and executed collectively by another task. In this way, the control unit can execute each control program for each system under different input conditions, thereby realizing control of multiple systems. Therefore, integrated control is performed for each system having an arbitrary number of axes configured for each group. The name setting means sets the name of the axis to be controlled in the control program to an arbitrary name manually input from the outside and associates it. In the conventional numerical control device, since the system control means is not provided and the axis of the controlled machine is also predetermined, the axis name of the controlled machine may be the one fixed in the system, and the axis name may be used. Need not be set and changed. For example, when controlling a two-axis lathe, it is necessary to change the axis name as it is, since it is controlled by a numerical controller corresponding to the fixed X and Z axes. Absent. However, in the numerical controller according to the present invention, since the system to be controlled is systematically controlled by the system control means into an arbitrary number of systems, the axis name differs depending on the system change or the controlled machine. For this reason, if the axis names incorporated in the system are used while being fixed, the machining program must be created using the fixed axis names, and the operation of the systematic controlled machine is grasped in advance. It becomes difficult to create a program. In addition, when displaying the position of each axis of the controlled machine during operation of the device, the operation of the machine must be confirmed because there is no correspondence between the axis name of the controlled machine and the axis name incorporated in the device. There is a risk of making a mistake. According to the name setting means of the present invention, the axis name can be arbitrarily changed to the name of the controlled axis of the machine every time the system setting is changed. Therefore, the machining program is also created according to the axis name of the basic type controlled machine. It is possible to understand the correct operation of the machine when creating a program. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a program from being erroneously created due to confusion of the axis name. When the current position of each axis is displayed on a display device or the like, the name of the controlled machine axis set by the name setting means can be displayed for each controlled machine, so that the correspondence with the machine axis can be correctly recognized. It is possible to easily determine the operation check of the machine. Here, the control program refers to a program for analyzing and executing a machining program, for example, a program written in a computer language such as C language or assembler language, or a program that can be executed on a CPU. It was done. The machining program refers to a program for machining a workpiece, and is described in a so-called NC program language. The calculation unit performs an interpolation calculation between the control targets combined with the system by the system control unit. That is, the calculation unit performs the interpolation calculation between the control targets in an arbitrary group. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a numerical controller according to the present invention. In the figure, a data input / output unit (14) is connected to a control unit (12) including a CPU (10). The data input / output unit (14) corresponds to the data input / output unit (54) in FIG. 2 and exchanges a machining program and other machining data with an external data input / output device (not shown). is there. Next, a signal input / output device (16) is connected to the control unit (12). This signal input / output device (16) has a signal input / output unit (16
A), (16B) and (16C). That is, each of the signal input / output units (16A), (16B), and (16C) has the same function as the signal input / output unit (56) of FIG. Next, an arithmetic unit (18) is connected to the control unit (12). The calculation unit (18) performs the above-described interpolation and other calculations. Next, the storage unit (20) is connected to the control unit (12). This storage unit (20) stores the program area (20
A), (20B) and (20C). These program areas (20A), (20B), and (20C) store control programs that can be operated independently. That is, the control programs stored in the program areas (20A), (20B), and (20C) have the same functions as the programs stored in the program area (60B) in FIG. Can be run independently. Next, a data area (20D) is provided in the storage unit (20). This data area (20D) stores processing data and a processing program similarly to the data area (60A) in FIG. 2, but also stores system control means, which will be described later, programmed. Next, a data area (20E) is provided in the storage unit (20). In this data area (20E), the names of axes to be controlled in the control programs stored in the program areas (20A), (20B), and (20C) described above can be set arbitrarily in each program. For example, a name setting means for setting commonly for each program is programmed and stored. Next, the control unit (12) includes the drive units (22), (24),
(26) are connected to each other. These drives (22),
(24) and (26) can operate independently, and the second
Each has the same function as that of the driving section (62) in the figure. However, only one axis can be controlled. Next, servo motors (28), (30), and (32) are connected to the driving units (22), (24), and (26), respectively. The servomotors (28), (30), and (32) are not necessarily of the same machine, but may be of two or more machines, and can operate independently. Next, the system control means stored in the data area (20D) will be described. The execution of the system control means is performed by the control unit (12). As shown in FIG. 3, first, refer to the data input from the data input / output unit (14) and the signal input / output unit (16), and the control programs stored in the program areas (20A) to (20C). Then, which control program is to be operated is determined (see steps SA, SB and SC). Next, a control program to be operated and a signal input / output unit (16A) for inputting and outputting control data used for the control program
Or (16C) is determined (see step SD). Further, the correspondence between the control program and the drive units (22) to (26) to be operated is determined (step SE).
reference). As described above, the system control unit controls the signal input / output units (16A) to (16C), the program areas (20A) to (20C), and the drive units (22) to (26) according to the content of the required control operation. It has a function of dividing into any group with an arbitrary number of axes provided with at least one each. Next, the overall operation of the above embodiment will be described by taking various cases as examples. First, referring to FIG. 4, a one-axis machine (34),
A case where (36) and (38) are controlled independently will be described. In the signal input / output section (16A), the machine (34)
Control data D (34) is input / output, and the signal input / output unit (16
In B), the control data D (36) of the machine (36) is input / output, and the control data D (38) of the machine (38) is input / output in the signal input / output unit (16C). Then, in the program area (20A) or (20C),
It is assumed that control programs for the machines (34) to (38) are stored respectively. In this case, the signal input / output section (16A), the program area (20A), and the drive section (22) are systematized by the above-described system control means for the data area (20D), and the signal input / output section ( 16B), a program area (20B), and a drive section (24) are systematized, and a signal input / output section (16C)
, A program area (20C) and a drive unit (26). The machines (34) to (38) are based on the control data respectively input from the signal input / output units (16A) to (16C) and the control programs stored in the program areas (20A) to (20C). Are controlled independently. That is, a start operation, a stop operation, and the like are performed independently. At this time, the control unit (12) performs so-called task control. That is, in the control unit (12), the control programs stored in the program areas (20A), (20B), and (20C) are operated under different conditions in each axis, ie, each axis is in an activated state. It is executed when the system is stopped or when the system is in a stopped state. In addition, in reality, only one control program is executed, and each axis is temporally independent. Specifically, the control program stored in the program area (20A), the control program stored in the program area (20B), and the control program stored in the program area (20C) are used. Are executed at different times, and control data is calculated. And
When the calculation of all the control data is completed, the control data is output and executed collectively. Therefore, each axis can perform an independent operation. As described above, in this example, the entire device functions as three independent numerical control devices. By the way, the single-axis machines (34), (36), (3
8) If, for example, all are drilling machines,
Rather than using X, Y, and Z for the axis names,
It is more convenient to handle. Therefore, the operator uses the name setting means stored in the program area (20E) to change the axis name of each control program to “X”.
Set as Next, a case where the machine (40) having two servomotors and the machine (42) having one servomotor are controlled independently will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 5, the signal input / output unit (16A)
0), the control data D (40) is input / output to / from the signal input / output unit (16C), and the control data (42) to the machine (42) is input / output to / from the program area (20B). Stores a control program for operating the machine (40). The program area (20C) stores the control program
It is assumed that the control program to be operated in 2) is stored. In this case, as shown in FIG. 5, the signal input / output unit (16A) is controlled by the system control means of the data area (20D).
And the program area (20B), the drive units (22) and (2
4), and a signal input / output unit (16C), a program area (20C), and a drive unit (26) are systematized. The machine (40) is controlled by a control program stored in the program area (20B), and the machine (42) is controlled by a control program stored in the program area 20C). In the control of the machine (40), since two servomotors are targets, the calculation unit (18) performs an interpolation calculation. As described above, in this example, the whole operates as two independent numerical control devices. In this example, since the machine (40) has two axes, the axis names of the machines (40) and (42) may be different from each other or may be common. For example, setting processing is performed by the name setting means of the program area (20E) so that the axis name of the machine (40) is "X, Z" and the axis name of the machine (42) is "Z". Next, still another operation mode of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The figure shows an example in which the machine (44) has three servomotors. In this case, a signal input / output unit (16B) through which control data D (44) is input / output,
The program area (20
A) and the drive units (22) to (26) are systematized. In this example, one system control similar to that of the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 is performed. And since the name of each control axis is the same machine,
Must be different, eg "X, Y, Z"
Is attached. However, which axis is given which name is arbitrary, and is appropriately set by the name setting means of the program area (20E). Note that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the above embodiment, up to three independent systems can be constructed. However, two systems may be constructed, or more systems may be constructed. [Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the system control unit includes a plurality of signal input / output units provided in one numerical control device, a plurality of drive units, and a plurality of control programs. To form a system with an arbitrary number of axes by arbitrarily combining, and the control unit executes a task control based on a control program and a machining program for each system with the arbitrary number of axes. The numerical control can be performed efficiently, and the axis name to be controlled can be set arbitrarily, which is advantageous in terms of cost. Further, the system control means is a program, and the number of systems can be increased or decreased by changing the program. Therefore, there is an effect that the apparatus is not complicated and maintenance is easy.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram showing a conventional numerical control device, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the function of a system control means, and FIGS. 4 to 6 are explanatory diagrams showing an operation mode of the embodiment of FIG. is there. In the figure, (12) is a control unit, (16) is a signal input / output device, (18) is an arithmetic unit, (20) is a storage unit, (20A), (20
(B), (20C) and (20E) are the program area, (20D) is the data area, (22), (24) and (26) are the drive units, (2
8), (30) and (32) are servo motors. Note that the same reference numerals in each drawing indicate the same or corresponding parts.

Continuation of front page       (56) References JP-A-61-131105 (JP, A)                 JP-A-59-81706 (JP, A)                 JP-A-60-3006 (JP, A)                 JP-A-57-60407 (JP, A)                 JP-A-60-204008 (JP, A)                 Jiko 56-321 (JP, Y1)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] Based on the control data input from the signal input / output unit and the control program and machining program stored in the storage unit, the calculation unit performs necessary calculations, and the control unit issues control commands to the drive unit to be controlled. A data input / output unit for inputting / outputting processing data and a processing program, a plurality of signal input / output units capable of inputting / outputting control data independently, and independently driving a control target. A plurality of drive units and a plurality of independently executable control programs are provided in one numerical control device, and the machining data, the control data, and the plurality of control programs are referred to. The storage unit that forms a system having an arbitrary number of axes by arbitrarily combining the plurality of signal input / output units, the plurality of driving units, and the plurality of control programs. A stored system control unit, and a name setting unit stored in the storage unit for arbitrarily setting an axis name of a control target in the control program, wherein the control unit is provided for each system of the arbitrary number of axes. A numerical control device for performing control based on the control program. 2. 2. The numerical control device according to claim 1, wherein the calculation unit performs an interpolation calculation between control targets combined by the system control unit.