JP2732364B2 - Seedling raising equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the raising of various plants in cultivation buildings such as greenhouses and greenhouses,
The present invention relates to a seedling raising device used for grafting seedlings of fruits and vegetables such as eggplant and makuwauri.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, in grafted seedlings of fruits and vegetables, in order to promote the survival of seedlings in which rootstock seedlings are joined to earlings and achieve nursery seedlings, it is generally necessary to supply an appropriate amount of water to the root zone. Need to be heated. Therefore, conventionally, a watering nozzle is arranged at the top of a greenhouse, a heating wire or a hot water pipe is buried in the cultivation soil, the seedling is irrigated from the watering nozzle, and the cultivation device is heated by the heating wire or the like. Is widely practiced.

[0003] However, in the above-mentioned conventional apparatus, in terms of its watering means, even if a large number of watering nozzles are arranged in a uniform distribution, the circular watering areas from each watering nozzle partially overlap with each other, and the watering area is not watered. Causes irrigation to be uneven,
In addition, when an unsprinkled area is formed, water tends to be excessively sprayed from all the nozzles, which often causes rooting. Looking at the method of heating the cultivated soil, there is a problem that the buried heating wire and hot water pipe become obstacles during work such as cultivation of the cultivated soil and replacement of the cultivated soil, which significantly lowers the work efficiency. Had the disadvantage that it was bulky.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is based on the finding that a smaller amount of water supply to seedlings promotes the growth of seedling roots as a result of experiments. It is an object of the present invention to provide an inexpensive seedling raising apparatus with a simple configuration capable of performing warming.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the present invention, in a cultivation building, an upper surface is formed as a ventilating support surface having a seedling raising box support material, and four side surfaces are closed. A steam generating chamber is provided, and in the steam generating chamber, a gas leak duct having a closed or slightly opened tip made of a breathable sheet having a large number of fine holes substantially uniformly is supported. A blower for supplying hot air into the air leak duct outside the generating chamber is connected, and a spray nozzle for generating water vapor by spraying water on the hot air discharged from the many fine holes of the air leak duct is arranged. The seedling raising box is provided with a vent hole on the bottom surface and a seedling cultivation medium through which water vapor can flow freely, and a large number of the seedling raising boxes are placed on the supporting surface adjacent to each other. And the water vapor in the water vapor generation chamber Warm air was so subjected to irrigation and warming the roots of seedlings were then circulated into nursery soil from vents of the bottom surface of the nursery box, we propose a seedling device.

In the present invention, the "breathable sheet" of the air leakage duct is formed by stretching a synthetic resin film of polyvinyl alcohol (for example, vinylon), polyethylene, or the like in one direction and forming a large number of small cracks in the stretching direction. A split fibrous non-woven fabric and various non-woven fabrics in which a split film is formed by inserting the two split films into a state in which the crack directions are orthogonal to each other and are joined together to form micropores between the split films. , A woven fabric, a composite sheet obtained by laminating a reinforcing sheet on a synthetic resin sheet having a large number of fine holes by partial adhesion, and various other breathable sheets. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0007]

1 and 2, a desired number of seedling raising apparatuses (1) each having an elongated box-shaped water vapor generating chamber (2) are installed in a normal glass-filled greenhouse (H). The outlet of a blower (4) attached to the upper part of the side wall of the greenhouse (H) is connected through a connecting pipe (5) to the base end of a tubular air leakage duct (3) vertically passing through the steam generating chamber (2). Connected.

[0008] The seedling raising device (1) has the following structure. The vertical frame members (6) extending over the entire length in the longitudinal direction of the steam generation chamber (2), and the horizontal frame members (7). , (9)... Are attached to both left and right sides of the support surface (8) to form an elongated box-shaped frame, and the support is provided on the support surface (8) of the box-shaped frame. A pair of right and left seedling raising box support members (10) and (10) made of an angled material having a length extending over the entire length in the longitudinal direction of the surface (8) are laid on the left and right, and the four circumferential side surfaces of the generation chamber (2) are not laid. It is closed with a breathable heat insulating sheet (11). In such a generation chamber (2), in this example, tubular air-leakage ducts (3) and (3) made of polyethylene-based split-fiber nonwoven fabric are vertically passed in parallel over the entire length of the generation chamber (2) in the longitudinal direction. Leakage duct (3) with a number of clips (12) suspended from the horizontal frame material (7)
(3) is suspended by sandwiching each of the seam allowances, and is placed above each of the air leakage ducts (3) and (3).
In a state where the individual water supply pipes (13), (13), (13), (13) are vertically passed in parallel with each other over the entire length in the longitudinal direction of the generation chamber (2), the suspension is fixed to the horizontal frame members (7). Metal fittings (1
4) ..., (14) ..., each of which is horizontally supported, and a number of spray nozzles (15) ..., (15) ..., (15) ... protruding from each water supply pipe (13) ... at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction. 15)
, (15) are directed to the outer periphery of the air leakage ducts (3), (3), respectively.

The long ends of the air leakage ducts (3) and (3) are closed by a string, but the short ends of the air leakage ducts (3) and (3) are preferably opened slightly by loosening the string. Each of the above water pipes (13)
Are connected to a high-pressure pump (not shown) with the tip closed and the other end protruding out of the generation chamber (2).

As an example, the nursery box of this embodiment has a truncated quadrangular pyramid shape as shown in FIG.
7) A seedling box set (18) made of a thin rectangular synthetic resin, in which a large number of seedling box units (16) each having ... are integrally connected at the flanges at the respective open ends, are formed. )
As shown in the figure, the seedling box set (18) is stored in a tray (19) having a rectangular dish shape capable of storing therein and having a plurality of ventilation holes (20). When the seedling box set (18) is stored in the tray (19), the ventilation holes (17) on one bottom face are replaced with the ventilation holes (20) on the other bottom face.
... The seedling cultivation soil (21), which retains air permeability such as peat moss, akadama, humus, etc., is placed in each of the above-mentioned seedling boxes (16). Plant.

The blower (4) has an openable / closable outside air intake for taking in outside air outside the greenhouse (H), and a freely adjustable open / close hot air intake connected to a temperature-adjustable hot air generator (23). Each has a mouth.

The operation of the above example will now be described. A nursery box set (1) in which seedlings (22) are planted in each nursery box alone (16)
8) is stored in a tray (19), and a large number of the seedling raising box set (18) with a tray is provided with the seedling raising support (10).
(10), (10) and (10) are supported adjacent to each other in front, rear, left and right.

As an example, in a cold season, hot air (for example, 40 ° to 45 ° C.) from a hot air generator (23) is blown by a blower (4) through a connecting pipe (5) to a leak duct (3),
When the air is pumped into the duct (3), the hot air in the duct is discharged under a static pressure from the fine holes on the outer periphery of the ducts (3) and (3) uniformly over the entire length as a breeze. At the same time, water is pressure-fed to the water supply pipes (13) by a high-pressure pump, and fine mist is jetted from the nozzles (15) to the outer periphery of the air leakage ducts (3) and (3). In contact with the wind, it is vaporized into water vapor, and the surroundings are cooled by the latent heat of vaporization. The discharged hot air rises with the water vapor while still maintaining a considerable temperature, and is temporarily placed on the lower surface of each tray (19). It stays evenly and then each tray (19) ...
Holes (20) ..., each seedling box alone (16) ... holes (17)
., And rises by flowing through the cultivation soil (21) of each seedling raising box alone, and is then discharged upward from the cultivation soil (21). At that time, during the circulation in the cultivation soil (21), much of the water vapor is condensed to supply water to the rhizosphere of the seedling (22) and radiate heat by the latent heat of the condensation, and the heat radiation and the flowing hot air The roots of the seedlings are heated by the heat of the seedlings, and when the soil is released upward, the remaining water vapor condenses in contact with the cool air in the greenhouse to supply water to the seedlings, and the latent heat of the condensation The heat is dissipated, and the soil is cultivated by the heat radiation and the warm air (21).
Heat the upper space.

At nighttime in a warm season or the like, the temperature of the hot air to be pumped into the air leakage ducts (3) and (3) may be appropriately set lower than in the above example. When the outside air temperature is extremely high, outside air may be taken in from the above-mentioned outside air intake and may be pumped by a blower (4).

[0015]

According to the seedling raising device of the present invention, the steam and the hot air in the steam generating chamber are almost uniformly circulated into the seedling cultivation through the ventilation holes on the bottom of each seedling box, so that the steam is condensed in the cultivation. A suitable amount of water is given to the rhizosphere of the seedlings, and the rhizosphere is heated by heat radiation and flowing hot air as latent heat of condensation, so that effective seedlings can be achieved. There are benefits that can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a greenhouse.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of (a) a nursery box set. (B) An enlarged vertical sectional view of the tray.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Seedling raising apparatus 2 Steam generation room 3 Leakage duct 4 Blower 8 Support surface 10 Supporting material for seedling raising box 11 Insulation sheet 15 Spray nozzle 16 Single seedling raising box 17 Vent hole 21 Nursery growing soil H Greenhouse

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] In the cultivation building, an upper surface is formed on a ventilation-supporting surface having a seedling box supporting material, and a steam generating chamber having four sides closed is provided. The end of the air-permeable sheet having micropores almost uniformly closed or slightly open. The air-leakage duct is supported. At the other end of the air-leakage duct, outside the steam generation chamber, heat is introduced into the air-leakage duct. Connect the blower to send the wind, and from the many fine holes of the leak duct
Water should be sprayed on the released hot air to generate steam
A spray nozzle is arranged, and the seedling box is provided with a vent hole on the bottom surface and a seedling cultivation medium through which water vapor can flow .
Many are placed on the support surface adjacent to each other, and
The steam and warm air in the air generation chamber are passed through the bottom of the nursery box.
Irrigation and watering of the seedling roots through the stoma
A seedling raising device that is heated .