JP2697834B2 - Artificial milk with polyunsaturated fatty acid component - Google Patents

Description

Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an artificial milk in which a trace fatty acid component missing or missing in an artificial milk such as powdered milk or liquid milk is fortified.

[Conventional technology]

γ-linolenic acid, eicosadienoic acid, bishomo γ-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, and eicosapentaenoic acid (hereinafter abbreviated as GLA, EDA, DGLA, ARA, and EPA) are indispensable fatty acids for higher animals, and in vivo, As precursors of prostaglandins that have important functions such as blood pressure regulation and hormone secretion regulation, they are themselves highly unsaturated fatty acids having physiological activity. These are derived from essential fatty acids such as linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid, from desaturases and elongation enzymes.
Induced by e). Of these, desaturase is
It is known that aging, cancer, diabetes and other diseases weaken the activity and consequently suppress the production of prostaglandins, thereby causing various health disorders. Therefore, directly ingesting the above-mentioned polyunsaturated fatty acids is effective as a treatment or prevention for these health disorders.

In infants, these polyunsaturated fatty acids are obtained from breast milk. It is said that prostaglandins derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids are also involved in the expression of immune function, and that absorption of these components from the mother for infants is a very important factor for life support. It has become.

However, since the content of the fatty acids in human natural breast milk is not accurately known, and the fatty acids are very expensive, etc., trace amounts of fatty acids are contained in artificial milk such as powdered milk and liquid milk. It has been difficult to produce powdered milk having a fatty acid composition equal to or greater than that of human natural milk by adding liquid milk or liquid milk.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a milk which is enriched in trace fatty acids and has a fatty acid composition close to that of natural human milk.

[Means for solving the problem]

The present inventors have elucidated the fatty acid composition of human natural breast milk and the fatty acid composition of milk powders produced by an ordinary method, and by comparing these, GLs in milk powders have been identified.
The inventors clarified that A, EDA, DGLA, ARA, EPA, etc. were deficient, and separately invented a method for producing these fatty acids at low cost by fermentation, thereby completing the present invention.

Therefore, the present invention provides eicosadienoic acid, bishomo-γ-
Linolenic acid or arachidonic acid, or an ester of the fatty acid, an oil or fat containing the fatty acid, a hydrolyzate of the oil or fat, or an esterified product of the oil or fat decomposed product is added alone or in combination, or further. Γ-linolenic acid or eicosapentaenoic acid,
Alternatively, the present invention provides an artificial milk to which an ester of the fatty acid, a fat or oil containing the fatty acid, a hydrolyzate of the fat or oil, or an esterified product of the fat or fat decomposition product is added alone or in combination.

[Specific explanation]

First, the following table shows the fatty acid composition of human breast milk (five months after birth) and two types of commercially available powdered milk (dissolved in water at a concentration of 13 g / 100 ml).

Therefore, when natural breast milk is compared with artificial milk, the artificial milk is deficient in trace fatty acids such as γ-linolenic acid, eicosadienoic acid, bishomo γ-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid. Therefore, in the present invention, an artificial milk having a trace amount of fatty acid composition close to that of natural mother milk is obtained in the process of producing artificial milk, such as powder, or by adding the above-described fatty acid to the product.

In this case, the amount of the fatty acid to be added varies depending on various conditions. For example, since the fatty acid composition of human breast milk is considered to change with the lapse of time after childbirth, the amount of the fatty acid to be added differs depending on at what time after childbirth the purpose is to formulate milk for lactation. It also varies depending on the raw material of the artificial milk, the production process of the artificial milk, and the like. Therefore, in the present invention, the above fatty acids or fatty acid-containing substances are added alone or in combination depending on these conditions.

For example, 0.02-0.03 γ-linolenic acid for the dried product
%, Eicosadienoic acid 0.05-0.08%, bis-homo gamma-linolenic acid 0.05-0.08%, arachidonic acid 0.2-0.3%, and eicosapentaenoic acid 0.01-0.03%. Further, when a material containing a plurality of fatty acids, for example, a lipid or a hydrolyzate thereof is used, a desired amount of the fatty acids can be strengthened by appropriately combining this with a single fatty acid. . As a general range of the addition amount, the amount of the fatty acid or fatty acid ester is preferably 0.001 to 2% by weight in the case of powdered milk, and about 0.0001 to 0.2% in the case of liquid milk.

The above fatty acids can be added in various forms.
For example, they can be added as free fatty acids, or their salts, for example, sodium salts, potassium salts and the like. It can also be added as an ester, for example a methyl ester or an ethyl ester. In addition, lipids containing a high proportion of the above fatty acids, for example, triglyceride, or a hydrolyzate thereof, or esterification of the hydrolyzate, such as those obtained by esterification, for example, methyl ester or ethyl ester, may be used. it can.

When the above-mentioned fatty acids are used alone or in combination of two or more kinds in the form of individual fatty acids, those produced by any production method can be used. For example, an additive can be prepared by a fermentation method, an enzymatic method, or the like using a microorganism belonging to the genus Mortierea having a high productivity of unsaturated fatty acids. For example, after culturing the Mortierella microorganism, drying the cultured cells if desired, extracting with an organic solvent, and evaporating the extract to dryness, the lipid obtained by the above-mentioned unsaturated fatty acid has a high content. This lipid can be used as a raw material lipid of the present invention. Further, a fatty acid mixture or a fatty acid salt mixture such as a sodium salt mixture is obtained by hydrolyzing the lipid according to a conventional method, and these can be used as the fatty acid raw material of the present invention. Further, these fatty acid mixtures are esterified according to a conventional method to obtain a mixture of fatty acid esters such as methyl ester or ethyl ester, which can be used as the fatty acid raw material of the present invention. Further, the fatty acid mixture or fatty acid ester mixture thus obtained can be used after being isolated as individual fatty acids or fatty acid salts or fatty acid esters.

The above fatty acids or salts thereof, or fatty acid esters,
Alternatively, these mixtures can be used as they are, but in order to obtain better homogeneity, it is preferable to add them to powdered milk or liquid milk after forming them as inclusion compounds of cyclodextrin. Cyclodextrin is α,
Both β and γ types can be used. GLA, ED
The synthesis of the inclusion compound of cyclodextrin from the fatty acid or fatty acid ester of A, DGLA, ARA or EPA is performed as follows. In a saturated or supersaturated aqueous solution of cyclodextrin, add a certain amount of GLA, EDA, DGLA, ARA, EPA, etc. in the form of a fatty acid or in the form of a fatty acid ester.
After stirring for 10 hours, the inclusion compound is obtained as a precipitate. Also, add a small amount of water to cyclodextrin,
While mixing with a mixer, a certain amount of GLA, EDA, DGLA,
Addition of ARA or EPA in the form of a fatty acid or in the form of a fatty acid ester and stirring for 1 to 5 hours give an inclusion compound.

In the artificial milk of the present invention, if necessary, to prevent oxidation, tocopherol, sesamol, melanoidin, flavone derivative, BHT and the like in the case of powdered milk, 0.0001 to 0.1
%, In the case of liquid milk, it is preferable to add about 0.00001 to 0.01%. The antioxidants are not limited to these, and any generally known antioxidants can be used.

Next, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples.

Example 1. 2 g of β-cyclodextrin was added to a 20% aqueous ethanol solution 20
Add EDA 100 ml while stirring with a stirrer.
mg was added and incubated at 50 ° C. for 2 hours. After cooling at room temperature (about 1 hour), the mixture was incubated at 4 ° C. for 10 hours while continuing stirring. The resulting precipitate was collected by centrifugation, washed with n-hexane, freeze-dried, and
1.8 g of a cyclodextrin inclusion compound containing 5% of A was obtained. 1 g of this powder was mixed with 1 kg of powdered milk to prepare a homogeneous EDA-containing milk.

Example 2 The same operation as in Example 1 was performed for DGLA, ARA, and EPA, and homogeneous DGLA-containing milk, ARA-containing milk, and EPA-containing milk were obtained, respectively.

Example 3 The same operation as in Example 1 was performed for each of the ethyl esters of EDA, DGLA, ARA, and EPA, and the same milk containing EDA ethyl ester, milk containing DGLA ethyl ester, milk containing ARA ethyl ester was obtained. , And EPA ethyl ester containing milk were obtained.

Example 4. Mortierella elongata SAM0219 (FERMP-8703)
20 g of the cell fat obtained from the cultured cells of the above was treated with anhydrous ethanol-hydrochloric acid (95: 5) at 50 ° C. for 3 hours to be ethyl-esterified, and extracted with n-hexane.
15 g of fatty acid ester were obtained. The composition of this is 16% ethyl palmitate, 5% ethyl stearate, 27% ethyl oleate, 10% ethyl linoleate, 4% ethyl GLA
%, EDA ethyl 1%, DGLA ethyl 7%, ARA ethyl 20%,
And EPA ethyl 10%. When 2 g of this fatty acid ethyl ester mixture was subjected to the same operation as in Example 1, a homogeneous powdered milk was obtained. When 0.1 g of the dextrin clathrate compound was mixed with liquid milk 1, a homogeneous liquid milk was obtained.

Example 5 β-cyclodextrin (20 g) and 50% ethanol aqueous solution (5)
Then, the mixture was placed in a mortar placed in a thermostat at 60 ° C. To this, 2 g of DGLA ethyl was added and kneaded slowly for 3 hours. After cooling at room temperature (2 hours), the mixture was incubated at 4 ° C. for 10 hours. Water 1 was added and incubated for 1 hour. After adding water 1 and stirring for 1 hour, the precipitate was recovered by centrifugation. After washing with n-hexane, freeze-drying is performed,
8.5 g of a cyclodextrin inclusion compound containing 10% of DGLA was obtained. When 2 g of this powder was mixed with 2 kg of powdered milk and 150 liquid milks, homogeneous milk was obtained in each case.

Example 6. GLA ethyl, EDA ethyl, DGLA ethyl, ARA ethyl, EPA
The same operation as in Example 5 was performed on 2 g of the mixed fatty acid ethyl obtained by mixing ethyl at a weight ratio of 2: 1: 6: 4: 8 to obtain homogeneous powdered milk and liquid milk.

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Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. Eicosadienoic acid, bishomo-γ-linolenic acid or arachidonic acid, or an ester of the fatty acid, an oil or fat containing the fatty acid, a hydrolyzate of the oil or fat, or an esterified product of the oil or fat decomposed product, respectively. Mixing and adding, or, in addition to them, γ-linolenic acid or eicosapentaenoic acid, or an ester of the fatty acid, an oil or fat containing the fatty acid, a hydrolyzate of the oil or fat, or an esterified product of the oil or fat decomposition product. Artificial milk added alone or in combination. 2. An oil or fat produced by a microorganism belonging to the genus Mortierella, which contains arachidonic acid, as the oil or fat containing the fatty acid.
The artificial milk according to the above. 3. The artificial milk according to claim 1, wherein the fat or oil is triglyceride.