JP2694791B2 - Synchronization method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to an synchronization how, in particular to synchronize how when synchronization between the devices in the subset selected at any condition from a plurality of devices connected to the network.

[0002]

BACKGROUND ART As the conventional synchronous how those various ways have been proposed, for example, in JP-A 02-116954 discloses a first way, by using a circuit that synchronization message generator , A method has been proposed in which when a synchronization message is received from each device and the synchronization message is transmitted from all devices, the synchronization message generation unit broadcasts a synchronization message to each device to notify that synchronization has been achieved. ing. It is possible to improve this method so that the devices in the subset are synchronized. As shown in FIG. 5 (a), all the devices 111, 112, 115, and 116 in the subset send packets for synchronization to one device in the subset, and the device 111 When packets from all the devices 111, 112, 115, and 116 in the set arrive, as shown in FIG. 5B, a packet indicating that synchronization has been established is sent to all devices 111, 111 in the subset. Those who send to 112, 115, 116
The law is feasible.

[0003] As the second way, only send packets representing a synchronization to the network, even how can be synchronized between the devices in the subset have been proposed. For example, in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 02-105961, a device sends a synchronization message to all devices at the time of synchronization, and each device achieves synchronization by receiving a synchronization message from all devices. A method of knowing is proposed.
By performing this method between the devices in the subset, it is possible to synchronize the devices in the subset. That is, as shown in the block diagram of FIG. 6, all devices 22 in the subset are
1, 212, 215, 216 send packets indicating synchronization to all devices 211, 212, 215, 216 in the subset. All devices 211,2 in the subset
12, 215, 216 will know that synchronization has been established when packets arrive from all devices 211, 212, 215, 216 in the subset.

[0004]

[SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the above-described conventional first <br/> how, along with the packet and synchronization for synchronization to the same network is the passage of a packet indicating that it has established, Each device must receive the synchronization packets from all devices in the subset, which increases the load on each device and requires processing time. In addition, it is necessary for the device to send a packet indicating the establishment of synchronization to all devices in the subset, and if the network does not have the multicast function (function to send the same message to multiple destinations), It is necessary to send the packet indicating the synchronization only for the number of devices, and this processing also has a problem that the load on the device 111 is increased. Further, <br/> in the second conventional way, the square ones large amount of packet flow device number of subsets to the network, the load of the network increases. In addition, each device must transmit and receive packets for the number of devices in the subset, which causes a problem that the load on each device increases.

It is an object of the present invention to use the same number of packets as the number of devices to be synchronized, to pass through the network only once, and to use only the network without imposing a load on the devices. The purpose of this is to reduce the load on each device and shorten the processing time.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems] synchronization how the present invention, 2 ^N inputs and 2 be formed of a plurality of switching units
2 ^N packets to each other connected to ^N output Omega network
Select a subset from the device to send and receive under arbitrary conditions.
Multiple devices to handle the same problem in parallel,
It is set arbitrarily for all of the multiple devices that form a bond
Mutually confirming that specific processing is completed
All of the multiple devices that formed the subset
Upon receiving the specific packet from the device
In partial set plurality of the <br/> life how to recognize the inter-device synchronization establishment forming a 2 0 different from each other in the apparatus condition to be formed of the 2 ^N pieces a subset of the device ^N - The address of 1 is given, the value of an arbitrarily determined digit in the binary representation of the address is made indefinite, and the value of the other digit other than the arbitrarily determined digit is set to either 0 or 1, respectively, Among the 2 ^N devices, the device is provided with an address that meets the condition that defines the value of each digit.

[0007] Synchronous how the present invention, the last stage of Sui to the device as a specific packet to be exchanged between the devices
Using the inter-device synchronization packet having a function of controlling to reach synchronously from Tsu quenching unit, it said inter-device synchronization packet or 0 and the value of all the digits of the binary representation of the address granted before Symbol device is indefinite N-bit routing information for discriminating between one and the other may be added.

[0008] Synchronous how the present invention, a plurality of switching units forming the omega network checks the value of the digits of the routing information of the inter-device synchronization packet to reach all of the input ports belonging to the self, the routing information A device that holds the inter-device synchronization packet that has arrived when it is detected as an inter-device synchronization packet whose digit value is undefined, and whose digit values of routing information are undefined in all the input ports belonging to the self When the inter-sync packet arrives, the sync message may be output from the output port.

[0009]

When multiple devices handle the same problem in parallel
Adjusts the progress of processing between devices and the progress of other devices.
In order to confirm
Become. Terminates a specific process that is arbitrarily set for confirmation of synchronization.
Device sends an inter-device sync packet and all other devices
Device completes the specified process for synchronization confirmation
Until confirming that the inter-station synchronization packet has been sent,
Wait without performing the process. With the present invention,
G Assign to each of the 2 ^N devices connected to the network.
Optional when the addresses 0 to 2 ^N- 1 are represented in binary.
The value of the digit specified in is undefined, and this undefined digit is set arbitrarily.
Digits other than are set to either 0 or 1 respectively
In case of the address, the subset of M devices corresponding to the address
Synchronization process that is required to process the same problem in parallel between
The number of M packets is smaller than that of the conventional method.
It can be done by sending and receiving. Further, in the present invention, each device transmits one inter-device synchronization packet for synchronization to the network.
, And receives one inter-device synchronization packet from the network
As a result, since the synchronous operation can be performed, the number of packets flowing through the network is reduced as compared with the conventional method. Also,
Since the synchronous operation is performed only by the network, there is no load on the device.

[0010]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an apparatus and a network according to an embodiment of the present invention. An 8-input / 8-output omega network 20 composed of a 2-input / 2-output switching unit 19,
Eight devices 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 1
The state where 7 and 18 are connected is shown. The inter-device synchronization packet includes an identifier that is an inter-device synchronization packet,
The routing information is added. The subset of devices to be synchronized is a condition in which the value of an arbitrarily determined digit of the binary representation of the device address (0 to 7) is indefinite and the value of the other digits is set to either 0 or 1. It is a set of devices that conform to. In the routing information, the digit that is determined to be either 0 or 1 is “1”, and the digit that is not is “0”.

[0012] FIG. 2 is the same between devices in the switching unit
It is explanatory drawing explaining the route selection method of a delivery packet . In each switching unit 19, when the inter-device synchronization packet arrives, each switching unit 19 checks the value in the routing information of the digit in which it is in charge, and if it is “0”, the switching port of the input port to which the inter-device synchronization packet is input. The inter-device synchronization packet is sent out directly from the output port.
FIG. 2 (a) shows this case.

Synchronous operation in the switching unit 19 is as follows: This switching unit 1 is connected to all input ports.
The inter- device synchronization packet is not transmitted to the output port until the input of the inter-device synchronization packet in which the digit of the routing information in charge of 9 is "1".

Until all the input ports receive the inter-device synchronization packet in which the digit of the routing information in charge of this switching unit 19 is "1", the digit of the routing information in charge of its own is " The input port that has received the inter-device synchronization packet of "1" is put in a waiting state, and a new packet is not read.

[0015] - all input ports, this when the responsible digit routing information of the switching unit 19 receives an input between devices synchronizing packet is "1", among all devices has been input from the output port synchronous packet Is output.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the synchronizing operation.

In FIG. 3 (a), an inter-device synchronization packet (hereinafter referred to as SYNC) 35 with routing information "1" assigned to this switching unit 19 is input to the input port A31 of the 2-input 2-output switching unit 35. , A normal packet a (hereinafter referred to as NORMa) 37 is input port B
32 is a normal packet b (hereinafter referred to as NORMb) 38,
The normal packet c (hereinafter referred to as NORMc) 39 and the SYNC 36 having the value of the routing information of the digit in charge of this switching unit 19 of “1” respectively arrive in order. In the normal case, the packet that arrives at one of the two input ports is selected and processed by the switching unit 19. For regular packets,
Output to either output port of the switching unit
Routing information is added to indicate whether
NORMa37, NORMb38, NORM
In c39, the digit of the switching unit 19
The route designation information is output port B34 and output port, respectively.
To be output to the A33 and output port B34
Have been.

FIG. 3B shows the state of the switching unit 19 when the input port A31 is selected and the SYNC 35 is processed. The switching unit 19 stores that the SYNC 35 has arrived from the input port A31, and does not process the packet from the input port A31 until the SYNC 36 arrives from the input port B32.
The synchronization packet 31 is not output.

FIG. 3 (c) shows NO of input port B32.
The state of the switching unit 19 at the time when the RMb 38 is output to the output port A33 is shown.

FIG. 3 (d) shows NO of input port B32.
The state of the switching unit 19 at the time when the RMc 39 is output to the output port B34 is shown.

FIG. 3 (e) shows SY of input port B32.
Switching unit 19 at the time of processing NC36
Indicates the state of. SYNC3 has already been input from input port A31.
Since 5 is input, SY is input from all input ports.
NCs 35 and 36 have arrived, and all output ports, that is, output port A33 and output port B34.
The SYNC 35 and 36 are output to.

FIG. 3 (f) shows NO of input port A31.
The state of the switching unit 19 at the time when RMa37 is output to the output port B34 is shown.

[0023] Figure 4 using the synchronization how the present invention is a three subsets {device 11, device 12, device 13, device 14} and, and {15, 16}, {17, The devices in each set with the device 18} are synchronized with each other. The routing information 21 of the inter-device synchronization packet of each subset is 011,001,001, respectively. In the case of this routing information 21, the second stage and the third stage
The switching unit 19 written as "SYNC" in the second stage performs a synchronous operation. The following is an example of the device 1
1, between devices 12, device 13, device 14 subsets
Explain how to take a term. First, the device 11 is between the devices
To output the inter-device synchronization packet to the network for synchronization with
I do. In this case, the routing information is 011.
From the 1st switching unit 19 from the left
Indicates that the corresponding digit in the routing information is "0"
Is not performed and the inter-device synchronization packet is output to the next stage.
It is. Next from the second from the top, the first switching from the left
In unit 19, the corresponding digit of the routing information is "1".
Therefore, the synchronous operation is performed. However, the other input port
Since the device-to-device synchronization packet has not arrived at port B, this
From the switching unit 19 of the
Do not output the ket. The device 11 has an inter-device synchronization packet
The next processing cannot be performed until it returns. Next, the device 13
Sends a device-to-device synchronization packet to the network in order to synchronize the devices.
Let's say that First switching unit 1 from the top
In 9 the corresponding routing information is "0", so
The inter-device synchronization packet is not
Output to the first switch from the second stage from the left.
Arrive at Unit 19. This switching unit
The digit of the routing information corresponding to 19 is "1", and input
Between the devices that have already been output from device 11 on port A31
Sync packets have arrived, so both output ports
The inter-device synchronization packet is output. One output port
The inter-device synchronization packet output from the
To the first switching unit 19 to the other output
The inter-device synchronization packet output from the port is 3 from the top.
Arrived at the second switching unit 19 from the left in the first row
However, any switching unit 19 is applicable
The number of digits in the routing information to be set to "1" and the other input port
Since the inter-device synchronization packet has not arrived at
No sync packet is output. Device 11 and device 13
Since the inter-device synchronization packet has not arrived yet, the device 1
1, the device 13 cannot perform the following processing. Next, the device 14
Sends a device-to-device synchronization packet to the network in order to synchronize the devices.
Let's say that First switching unit 1 from the top
In 9 the corresponding routing information is "0", so
The inter-device synchronization packet is not
To the third switch from the second from the left.
Arrive at Unit 19. Here, the corresponding path finger
The digit of constant information is "1", and this switching unit
An inter-device synchronization packet arrives at the other input port of 19.
Since this is not done, the inter-device synchronization packet is not output.
At this point, device 11, device 13, device 14
Since the inter-sync packet has not arrived, device 11, device
13 and the device 14 cannot perform the following processing. Finally, the device
12 synchronizes the devices so that the device-to-device synchronization packet is transmitted to the network.
Suppose that it is output to. The first switching unit from the top
Since the digit of the routing information corresponding to G.19 is "0",
The inter-device synchronization packet is not
Arrived at the third switching unit 19 from the left in the first row
I do. Here, the digit of the corresponding routing information is "1".
So, the other input port already has an inter-device sync packet.
Since it has arrived, the inter-device synchronization pattern is output from both output ports.
Are output from one of the output ports.
The inter-position synchronization packet is the first row from the left in the third row from the top.
To the switching unit 19 or the other output port
The inter-device synchronization packet output from the
To the second switching unit 19. This
A path finger corresponding to these two switching units 19
The constant information digit is "1", and the other input port
Since the inter-device synchronization packet has already arrived,
Device-to-device sync packet is output from both output ports.
And arrives at device 11, device 12, device 13 and device 14.
You. Wait for device 11, device 12, device 13, device 14
Since the inter-device synchronization packet arrived,
Can be processed. As described above, by applying the present invention, it is possible to synchronize within a plurality of device sets that do not overlap.

In the present invention, as many synchronization messages as the number of devices to be synchronized flow on the network. Also, each device can know the establishment of synchronization by the arrival of the synchronization message,
No other processing is necessary.

[0025]

According to the present invention, the number of packets flowing through the network is reduced by holding the inter-device synchronization packet in each switching unit until the two input ports are aligned, and the load of the device required for the synchronization operation is reduced. And the processing time required for synchronizing the devices is shortened at the same time.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an apparatus and a network according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a route selection method in a switching unit.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a synchronization operation.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state in which an embodiment of the present invention is applied to three subsets.

5 is a block diagram illustrating the synchronization how between devices in the subset of the first conventional ways.

6 is a block diagram illustrating the synchronization how between devices in the subset of the second conventional ways.

[Explanation of symbols]

11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18
Device 19 Switching unit 20 Omega network 21 Routing information 31 Input port A 32 Input port B 33 Output port A 34 Output port B 35, 36 Inter-device synchronization packet (SYNC) 37 Normal packet a (NORMa) 38 Normal packet b (NORMb) ) 39 normal packet c (NORMc)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. Formed by a plurality of switching units 2
2 ^N pieces of instrumentation to be connected to the omega network of ^N input and 2 ^N output
2 ^N different addresses from 0 to 2 ^N −1 are assigned to
The value of an arbitrarily defined digit in the binary representation of the address is undefined
However, a device with a common digit value other than the undefined digit
It formed as a subset, all of a plurality of devices forming the subset, the portion
The binary representation of the address assigned to the device that represents the minute set
N bits that distinguish whether the values of all digits are indeterminate
Device synchronization packet with additional routing information
The switching units that enter the network and form the Omega network are self
Inter-device synchronization package that reaches all input ports belonging to
Check the digit value of the routing information
Is a device-to-device synchronization packet with an undefined value
If the inter-device synchronization packet that arrives upon detection is retained,
It will stop accepting later packets and
If all input ports have undefined
When the inter-station synchronization packet arrives, the output port
The device that outputs the desired packet and forms the subset is the device from the Omega network.
The arrival of a local synchronization packet forms the subset.
Features that recognize that synchronization has been established between multiple devices
And how to synchronize.