JP2623175B2 - Automatic performance device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic musical instrument for an electronic musical instrument capable of performing an automatic performance in accordance with the degree of excitement (intonation) of the performance.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an electronic keyboard (such as an electronic piano), automatic accompaniment patterns (note data for sound generation) such as intro, fill-in, normal, and ending are stored in advance so that they can be adjusted according to the progress of the music (the state of excitement) By operating a switch for selecting a pattern of these single phrases, a phrase corresponding to these patterns is inserted during the performance.

[0003]

When a fixed automatic accompaniment pattern is inserted during a performance, the flow of the performance becomes discontinuous,
On the contrary, the result may impair the excitement of the performance. In other words, it is difficult to obtain a feeling that the accompaniment gradually changes according to the excitement of the performance. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to be able to instruct the excitement of a performance and to obtain an automatic accompaniment sound corresponding to the degree of excitement.

[0004]

According to the present invention, there is provided an automatic performance apparatus for storing musical data based on a note data string read out from the note data storage means. Musical tone generating means for generating, intonation value varying means for increasing or decreasing the intonation value corresponding to the degree of excitement of the performance, performance pattern storage means for storing a plurality of types of performance patterns of single phrases having different degrees of excitement, When an insertion instruction is given, one of the plurality of performance patterns is selected according to the magnitude of the intonation value, and a corresponding note data string is read from the note data storage means based on the selected performance pattern. And a musical tone control means derived from the musical tone generating means.

[0005]

The performance pattern of a single phrase inserted by an instruction operation automatically changes according to the climax of the performance. Therefore, even if a performance pattern of a single phrase is inserted, the excitement of the performance is not lost.

[0006]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a main part of an electronic musical instrument showing an embodiment of the present invention. This electronic musical instrument includes a keyboard 11, an operation panel 12, and a display device 13. A dial 1 is provided next to the keyboard 11 to indicate the degree of performance excitement.
0 is provided.

The circuit section of the electronic musical instrument is constituted by a microcomputer comprising a CPU 21, a ROM 20, and a RAM 19 connected by a bus 18. CPU 21
Detects operation information of the keyboard 11 from a key switch circuit 15 coupled to the keyboard 11, and detects operation information of a panel switch from a panel switch circuit 16 coupled to an operation panel 12. A pulse generator 14 is connected to the dial 10, and the CPU 21 counts the pulses generated by the pulse generator 14 in response to the dial operation, and obtains degree-of-surge information (intonation value).

The rhythm and the type of musical instrument selected by the operation panel 12, the intonation value corresponding to the dial operation, and the like are displayed based on display data given from the CPU 21 to the display device 13 via the display drive circuit 17.

The CPU 21 sends note information corresponding to keyboard operation and parameter information such as rhythm and timbre corresponding to panel switch operation to the musical tone generation circuit 22. The tone generation circuit 22 reads out the PCM sound source data from the ROM 20 based on the information, processes the amplitude and the envelope, and outputs the processed data to the D / A converter 23. The tone signal obtained from the D / A converter 23 is supplied to a speaker 25 via an amplifier 24.

The ROM 20 stores automatic accompaniment data. The CPU 21 reads out the automatic accompaniment data corresponding to the operation of the automatic accompaniment selection button on the operation panel 12 from the ROM 20, and gives the data to the tone generation circuit 22. The tone generation circuit 22 reads out the waveform data of the code, bass, drum, etc. corresponding to the automatic accompaniment data from the ROM 20,
It is derived to the A converter 23. Therefore, the chord sound, the bass sound, and the drum sound of the automatic accompaniment are obtained from the speaker 25 together with the sound corresponding to the key operation.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the elementary features of the present invention. The intonation operation unit 32 corresponds to the dial 10 and the pulse generator 14 in FIG. The rhythm selection operation unit 33 includes a ten-key switch 12a provided on the operation panel 12. Operation panel 1
2 is provided with a plurality of push button switches 12b for instructing insertion of a subphrase pattern of a single phrase such as intro, ending, fill-in, and the like. These push-button switches 12b correspond to the sub-phrase selection unit 30 of FIG.
Is composed.

When the dial 10 is operated according to the excitement of the performance, the output pulse of the pulse generator 14 is given to the intonation value setting section 31. When a desired sub-phrase pattern is selected in the sub-phrase selecting section 3, the corresponding selection information is displayed in the intonation value setting section 31.
Given to. The rhythm number selected from the rhythm selection operation section 33 is given to the intonation value setting section 31.

The intonation value setting section 31 has an intonation preset table 41 set in the ROM 20 as shown in FIG. This table 41 has an intonation preset value for each rhythm, and for example, 2 is given to a rhythm 1 as an intonation level. The intonation value setting unit 31 increases or decreases the intonation preset value according to the dial operation, and derives the intonation value and the rhythm number to the intonation pattern memory 34.

The intonation pattern memory 34
As shown in FIG. 4, the ROM 20 has an intonation pattern table 42 of a plurality of levels (for example, 16 from 0 to 15) corresponding to the intonation value for each rhythm. Accordingly, intonation pattern data 34 a of a predetermined level corresponding to the selected rhythm and the given intonation value is read from the memory 34 and provided to the tone control unit 35. For example, if the selected rhythm number is 1 and the intonation value is 2, the corresponding level 2 intonation pattern data 34a is read.

Part of the intonation pattern data is used as a subphrase pattern 34b. The subphrase pattern 34b is read when a subphrase (single phrase) such as an intro, ending, or fill-in is inserted.

FIG. 5 shows an arrangement of intonation pattern data in one rhythm. The sixteen intonation pattern data 43 to 58 include intonation values INT0 to INT corresponding to intonation levels.
(F = 15). Intonation pattern data 43 of intonation values INT0 to INT7
50 are used for the control of intonation. The intonation pattern data 51 to 58 of the intonation values INT8 to INTF include intro patterns (51,
52), a soft-fill-in pattern (53, 54), a loud-fill-in pattern (55, 56), and an ending pattern (57, 58).

The one-level intonation pattern data 34a includes data designating volume, tone color, musical instrument, and the like.
It consists of performance pattern data for obtaining an automatic performance pattern of several measures. The performance pattern data is composed of an array of addresses for reading out automatic performance data (note data) in the ROM 20.

The tone control unit 35 reads out automatic performance data from the automatic performance data memory 36 based on the performance pattern data of the intonation pattern data,
The automatic performance data is modified by data designating the timbre, the musical instrument, and the like, and is derived to the musical tone generating unit 37. The automatic performance data memory 36 is provided in the ROM 20 and stores a note data string for automatic accompaniment such as a chord, a bass, and a drum for each rhythm. Each note data is composed of data such as a key (pitch) number, sounding timing, sounding time width, and volume.

The musical tone generating section 37 receives a note data from the musical tone controlling section 35 and outputs a corresponding PC from the waveform ROM 38.
The M tone waveform is read to form a tone signal. Thereby, an automatic accompaniment sound corresponding to the intonation level is obtained. The intonation level can be freely changed by dial operation.

FIGS. 6 and 7 are data configuration diagrams showing details of intonation pattern data. One-level intonation pattern data consists of chord, base,
It is composed of data of five tracks (channels) including drums 1 to 3. Each track has a volume difference value VEL
O, timbre / instrument designation data, and performance pattern data. Therefore, these data can be changed or designated for each track.

The one-byte volume difference value VELO is a value to be added to the volume value of each sound in the automatic performance data. With this difference value, an accent (loudness of volume) can be given to each musical tone of each track. For example, the intonation pattern data 43, 4 of levels 0 and 2 in FIG.
In each of the tracks 5, the volume difference value is 0. The volume difference value of the drum 2 in the intonation pattern data 47 of level 4 in FIG. 7 is 20H (H is hexadecimal). Therefore, at the level 4 of intonation, the volume of the drum 2 increases. Also, the volume difference value of all the tracks in the level 6 intonation pattern data 46 of FIG. 7 is 20H, and the volume of each part of the accompaniment is 20H.
Only be enlarged.

The 2-byte timbre / instrument data is timbre / instrument change instruction information. For chord and bass tracks, give one byte of timbre parameters and the other one
No bytes are used (NC). In the examples of FIGS. 6 and 7, the chord and bass timbre parameters are 01H and 40H at the intonation levels 0 and 2, and change to 20H and 40H at the intonation levels 4 and 6.

For each track of drums 1 to 3, 2
It gives instrument conversion information in bytes. Generally, scale data (key data) is assigned to musical note information of a drum track as musical instrument information. For example, do is assigned to bass drum, les to snare, and mi to hi-hat. FIG.
In the intonation level 2, 26H and 28H are recorded on the track of the drum 1. This indicates that 26H (closed hi-hat) in the note data is converted to 28H (open hi-hat). Therefore,
Even if the same note data is used, drum sounds of different musical instruments can be generated according to the intonation level.

Different musical instruments can be assigned to the three track drum channels. Since the instrument can be changed for each track, there are many degrees of freedom in changing the intonation pattern according to the level. Further, since each drum track can access common note data, even if the number of drum channels is increased, the amount of note data does not greatly increase.

The performance pattern portion of the intonation pattern data is composed of note indication information of four measures. This note instruction information is actually address data indicating a specific position of the note data. A bar consists of 4 beats, for example
1.0 and 1.2 indicate the first and third beats of one measure, respectively. For example, in the intonation level 0 chord track, the reproduction of the note of the first measure 4 beats proceeds from the address 0000H of the note data, and the address 0 in the second measure.
From 001H, note reproduction proceeds. At the end of the fourth measure, a repeat symbol REP is recorded, and when the reproduction progresses up to this symbol, it returns to the head address.

The performance pattern can be easily changed by changing the note instruction information in the performance pattern section. For example, at the level 0 of the intonation, the instruction information of the base track is given 0100H and 0101H, but at the level 2 it is changed to 0102H and 0103H. Therefore, at level 2, the musical instrument of the drum 1 changes and the performance pattern of the bass line changes. By changing a part of the performance pattern portion in this way, the intonation level can be easily changed.

At the level 4 of the intonation, the chord timbre, the musical instruments of the drums 1 and 2 and the volume of the drum 2 are changed without changing the performance pattern with respect to the level 2. At level 6, at least one of the volume, tone, musical instrument, and performance pattern is changed for each track. This level 6 shows a considerable excitement of the performance.

As shown in FIG. 5, even level 0,
The pattern data shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 are used as 2, 4, and 6, and only the volume difference data is used as the odd-numbered level 1, 3, 5, and 7 pattern data. Other timbres / instruments and performance pattern data are omitted because they are the same as those of the next lower level. Therefore, at the odd-numbered levels, only the volume is changed, and an accent is added to the accompaniment. In this way, the entire data amount of the eight-level intonation pattern data is reduced to about half. When developing the odd-numbered intonation pattern data, the timbre / instrument and performance pattern data are set to 1
The previous data is read, and an addition operation is performed only for the volume.

The subphrase patterns of levels 8 to F are:
The data configuration may be the same as the intonation pattern data shown in FIGS. Also odd level 9, B
(11), D (13), and F (15) are also reduced patterns of only the difference data of the volume as in the intonation pattern.

FIG. 8 shows a part of note data 47 accessed via intonation pattern data or subphrase pattern data. One note of note data is composed of 4 bytes of key number K, step time S, gate time G, and velocity V. The key number K indicates the scale, the step time S indicates the timing of sound generation, the gate time G indicates the duration of sound generation,
Velocity V indicates the volume of sound (key pressing pressure).
In addition to this, although not shown, note data includes tone color data and note pattern repetition symbols.

The note data is read from the automatic performance data memory 36 in order of four bytes from the address specified by the performance pattern portion of the intonation pattern data. The tone control unit 35 of FIG. 2 performs address control based on the intonation pattern data, modifies the volume of the read note data and the key number with the volume of the intonation pattern data and the instruction data of the musical instrument, and changes the timbre to change the tone. It is sent to the generator 37.

FIGS. 9 to 15 are flow charts showing control of automatic performance based on intonation pattern data. First, initialization is performed in step 60 of FIG. 9, and processing for operation of the keyboard 11 is performed in step 61. Next, in step 62, panel scan (operation detection) processing is performed.
If it is an ON event, it is determined in step 64 which operation of the push button switch 12b for inserting the intro, ending, or fill-in subphrases during the performance.
The judgment is made at ~ 66.

In the case of a button operation corresponding to the intro, in the next step 67, 08H is put into the intonation buffer INTBUF as an intonation value. In the case of a button operation corresponding to ending, step 68
And puts 0EH into the intonation buffer INTBUF as an intonation value. In the case of a button operation corresponding to fill-in, it is checked in step 69 whether the intonation value set by the dial is 4 or more. If it is 4 or more, in step 70 the intonation buffer INT is set with 0CH as the intonation value.
Put in BUF. If it is 4 or less, 0 is set in step 71.
AH is put into the intonation buffer INTBUF as an intonation value. These intonation substitution values correspond to the intonation values of each subphrase pattern in FIG. When the intonation value substitution process is completed, the process proceeds to step 75 of rhythm start in FIG.

If the determination in steps 64 to 66 is NO, it means that the rhythm start / stop operation has been performed, so the process proceeds from step 66 to step 72 in FIG. 10 to determine whether or not the rhythm operation is being performed. judge. If the rhythm operation is in progress, the intonation value at that time is set in the buffer in step 73, and the rhythm start step 7
Go to 5. In this step 75, the note reading address of each part (track) of the accompaniment is set. If the rhythm operation is not being performed, the rhythm is stopped in step 74, and the process proceeds to dial count processing.

In the dial counting process shown in FIG. 10, the intonation value is changed in response to the operation of the dial 10. First, in steps 76 and 77, it is determined whether the count value of the output pulse of the pulse generator 14 is 7 or more, or -7 or less.
If the value is 7 or more, the intonation value is incremented by 1; It should be noted that approximately １ ／ rotation of the dial 10 corresponds to the count value 7, and the count value increases when the dial 10 is turned clockwise and decreases when the dial 10 is turned counterclockwise.

Next, at step 80, the intonation value is displayed on the display device 13, at step 81 an intonation change flag is set, and at step 82 the dial counter is cleared. Then, an automatic performance routine 83 is executed, and the process loops from the key processing step 61 in FIG.

As described above, when the intro selection switch is pressed, the intonation value becomes 08H, and the automatic performance of the subphrase pattern based on the intro pattern 51 is performed. When the ending selection switch is pressed, the intonation value becomes 0EH, and the automatic performance of the subphrase pattern based on the ending pattern 57 is performed. When the fill-in selection switch is pressed, if the intonation value at that time is 4 or less, the intonation value becomes 0AH, and the automatic performance of the subphrase pattern based on the soft fill-in pattern 54 having a relatively low degree of excitement is performed. When the intonation value at that time is 4 or more, the intonation value becomes 0CH, and the automatic performance of the subphrase pattern based on the loud fill-in pattern 55 having a relatively high degree of excitement is performed.

FIG. 11 shows details of the part address set routine of FIG. First, in step 700, the start address of the intonation pattern data corresponding to the rhythm number is set, and in step 710, the start address of the intonation pattern data indicated by the current intonation value is set. Further, in steps 720 to 760, an address for reading intonation pattern data is set for five tracks of a code, a base, and drums 1 to 3, and each data is read to a buffer. Then, in step 770, the rhythm on flag is set.

FIG. 12 shows details of the code address set routine of FIG. Here, first, step 800
To check the intonation value, then step 8
At 10, the sound volume difference data of the intonation pattern data is set as a velocity added value. Next, in step 820, a tone color number is set, and in step 830, the head address of the performance pattern data is set. Next, at step 840, note data of one tone corresponding to the above-mentioned head address of the automatic performance data is read from the ROM 20, and at step 850, the first step time data is set in the buffer. Then, in step 860, the counter value on the time axis of the note data of the chord is cleared, and the process returns. Steps 730 to 760 for the other channels in FIG. 11 are performed in a similar manner.

FIGS. 13 and 14 show details of the automatic performance routine executed in step 83 of FIG. In this routine, it is first checked in step 900 whether or not the mode is a chord sequence mode. In this mode, the chord progression pattern is reproduced in step 910 to develop the scale of the chord. Next, at step 920, it is determined whether or not the count value of the time axis counter matches the step time in the buffer. If not, the process returns to the main routine.

At step 920, when the count value of the time axis counter coincides with the step time, a read address is set (step 930).
4 bytes of note data are read from. Next, it is checked whether or not the read note data is a repeat mark in step 950, and if it is a repeat mark, repeat processing is performed in step 960, and the process returns to step 900. If it is determined in step 950 that the data is normal note data, step 9 in FIG.
Proceed to 70 to set the sounding mode.

Next, at step 980, it is checked whether the mode is the automatic accompaniment mode. If the mode is the automatic accompaniment mode, key numbers, velocity values, and gate times are set at steps 990 and 1000, respectively. The sound processing of the note to be performed is performed. When the pronunciation process ends,
Next, at step 1020, the read address is advanced by 4 bytes, and at step 1030, note data to be generated next is read from the ROM 20. Then, the next step time is set in the buffer, and the process returns to the beginning of the automatic performance routine of FIG. This is repeated to sequentially generate notes of the automatic accompaniment.

When the repeat mark at the end of the note data is detected in step 950 of FIG. 13, the process proceeds to step 960, and the repeat processing shown in FIG. 15 is performed.
In this routine, first, at step 1100, the code counter on the time axis is cleared, and then, at step 111, the read address of the intonation pattern data is advanced by one. The current automatic performance pattern data is shown in FIGS.
In step 1120, it is checked whether or not it is the repeat mark REP (FFH) shown in (1). If it is not the repeat mark REP, the process returns to step 830 in FIG. 12 to set the start address of the next automatic performance pattern in the second bar. The reading of the note data is continued.

If a repeat mark REP (FFH) is detected at step 1120 in FIG. 15, 16 is subtracted from the read address of the intonation pattern data at step 1130 to return the read position to the first beat of the first bar. The reading of the note data is continued from step 830 in FIG.

The intonation level of the accompaniment sound can be freely changed by operating the dial 10.
If the arrangement order of the levels of the intonation pattern data is matched with the degree of excitement of the performance, a dial operation feeling in which the accompaniment sound gradually excites is obtained. Note that a foot pedal can be used instead of the dial. Alternatively, a pair of push buttons that can increase or decrease the intonation value may be used.

[0046]

According to the present invention, there is provided an automatic performance apparatus comprising: an intonation value variable stage for increasing / decreasing an intonation value in accordance with the degree of excitement of a performance; When there is an instruction to insert the single phrase, one of the plurality of performance patterns is selected in accordance with the magnitude of the intonation value, and based on the selected performance pattern, the corresponding note data storage means responds. Is read out to perform an automatic performance. Therefore, according to the present invention, the performance pattern of a single phrase inserted by the instruction operation automatically changes in accordance with the excitement of the performance, so that even if the performance pattern of the single phrase is inserted, the excitement of the performance may be impaired. Disappears.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument showing one embodiment of an automatic performance device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing elemental features of the automatic performance device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram of a memory table of intonation preset values.

FIG. 4 is a diagram of a memory table of intonation pattern data.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a data array of intonation pattern data.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a data structure of intonation pattern data.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a data structure of intonation pattern data.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a structure of musical note data read by intonation pattern data.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing control of automatic performance based on intonation pattern data.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing control of automatic performance based on intonation pattern data.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing control of automatic performance based on intonation pattern data.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing control of automatic performance based on intonation pattern data.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing control of automatic performance based on intonation pattern data.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing control of automatic performance based on intonation pattern data.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing control of automatic performance based on intonation pattern data.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 10 dial 11 keyboard 12 operation panel 13 display device 14 pulse generator 15 key switch circuit 16 panel switch circuit 17 display drive circuit 18 bus 19 RAM 20 ROM 21 CPU 22 musical sound generation circuit 23 D / A converter 24 amplifier 25 speaker 30 sub Phrase selection unit 31 Intonation value setting unit 32 Intonation operation unit 33 Rhythm selection operation unit 34 Intonation pattern memory 35 Musical sound control unit 36 Automatic performance data memory 37 Musical sound generation unit 38 Waveform ROM

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Agency reference number FI Technical display location G10H 1/46 G10H 1/46

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] A musical note data storage means for storing a musical note data string of an automatic performance; a musical tone generating means for generating a musical tone based on the musical note data string read from the musical note data storage means; Intonation value variable means for increasing or decreasing the intonation value in correspondence therewith, performance pattern storage means for storing a plurality of types of performance patterns of single phrases having different excitement degrees, and when the single phrase insertion instruction is issued, Selecting one of the plurality of performance patterns in accordance with the selected performance pattern, reading a corresponding note data string from the note data storage means based on the selected performance pattern, and deriving the same to the tone generation means. An automatic performance device comprising: 2. The performance pattern storage means according to claim 1, wherein said performance pattern storage means stores intonation patterns of a plurality of levels corresponding to the degree of excitement of the performance. The performance pattern of said single phrase is stored in a part of said storage means. And the tone control means is
Based on the intonation pattern data corresponding to the set intonation value, the musical note data string read from the musical note data storage means is controlled so as to be derived to the musical tone generating means. Instruction information specifying different read positions of the note data storage means, different volume information given to the read note data,
2. The automatic performance apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising one or more of different timbre information and different instrument information. 3. A plurality of operating means for instructing the insertion of the single phrase, at least one of which corresponds to the plurality of performance patterns assigned according to the magnitude of the intonation value, 2. The automatic performance apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the other operation means is assigned to a performance pattern of a specific single phrase irrespective of the magnitude of the intonation value. 4. The automatic performance apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said intonation value changing means has a dial shape. 5. The automatic performance apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said intonation pattern data is stored for each rhythm type. 6. The automatic performance apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising preset value storage means for storing a preset value of an intonation value for each rhythm.