JP2617465B2 - 3D television equipment - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a three-dimensional television apparatus using no glasses, and more particularly to a three-dimensional television of a panel display type using a lenticular plate and a fly-eye lens plate. Related to the device.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, as one of stereoscopic television apparatuses capable of perceiving a stereoscopic image with the naked eye without using glasses, there has been proposed an apparatus which arranges a lenticular plate in front of a television screen and performs stereoscopic viewing ( For example, Takeshi Yasui and Masayuki Nakajima, "Stereographic &Holographic", (Showa 60.4.20), Industrial Information Center, pp.142-144). As is well known, this lenticular plate is formed by deforming a fly-eye lens plate into a two-dimensional shape and forming it into a corrugated plate, and is usually made to have a thickness such that the focal plane matches the rear surface. A three-dimensional image is created using a lenticular plate because images viewed from different directions are continuously displayed in a vertical stripe on the back (focal plane), so that the right and left eyes are separate images. Is seen, a three-dimensional image is sensed.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show an example of a typical lenticular system configuration of such a conventional apparatus. In the apparatus shown in FIG. 9, a lenticular plate 1 is attached to a front glass 3 of a CRT 2 of a television.
It is configured to be directly mounted on the upper side and project left and right images R and L along the lenticular plate 1. On the other hand, the apparatus shown in FIG. 10 has a configuration in which two lenticular plates 1A are arranged a little apart in front of two television projectors 2A and 2B.

In this case, generally, a plurality of (for example, 4 to 6) television imaging cameras are used to photograph a subject, and the photographed images are electrically synthesized into a vertically elongated image, and the synthesized image is combined into one image. It is adapted to each lens of one lenticular plate. That is, subjects are simultaneously imaged by N television imaging cameras arranged at N locations (N is a natural number) at predetermined intervals in one direction, and the captured N object images are displayed on the same display surface on the image receiving side. The images are displayed even when they are sequentially adjacent to each other, and are optically separated into N subject images for observation. At this time, since only the parallax in the horizontal direction is considered, a corrugated (“kamaboko”) lenticular plate is arranged corresponding to each pixel group. With such an arrangement, when the observer changes the viewpoint, another pixel in the pixel set enters the left and right eyes, and a multiview stereoscopic image can be observed.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the most difficult point in realizing a conventional lenticular type stereoscopic television apparatus is as follows.
An object of the present invention is to precisely match each pixel set on a display with a "camel-bodied" cylindrical lens portion of a lenticular plate, and to accurately bond the lenticular plate to a curved display screen of a cathode ray tube (CRT).

That is, in a lenticular type stereoscopic television device, each pixel component of a television signal photographed by a television imaging camera from two directions or from multiple directions is accurately contained in each lens of a lenticular plate. Need to be accommodated. For this purpose, the pitch interval P between the lenses of the lenticular plate and the pixel interval pitch D of the television display device must be maintained so as to correspond exactly and maintain a constant relationship.

However, in a device using a conventional CRT display (receiver), the front plate (face plate) of the CRT display is generally not a flat surface but a gentle curved surface, so the shape of the lenticular plate is also curved. However, there is a problem that unless the surfaces are precisely curved, they cannot be stuck together. Also, in the case of a color CRT display, a shadow mask is generally used, and the pitch interval of the shadow mask is not uniform on the screen, and the pitch interval gradually increases from the center to the periphery. Therefore, it is extremely difficult to make the pitch interval between the shadow mask and the lenticular plate correspond to each other.

Furthermore, the glass (front glass) used for the front panel of the CRT display is
In general, it is made of a glass with a thickness of several tens of mm, and in designing the optical characteristics of each lens of the lenticular plate to desired characteristics, the thickness of the front glass is one of the limiting conditions.

The present invention solves the above-described drawbacks, and can easily form the pitch interval of the lens of the lenticular plate and the interval of the pixel pitch of the panel display accurately,
It is another object of the present invention to provide a three-dimensional television apparatus which can widen a field of view (angle) that can be stereoscopically viewed, and in which there is no possibility that the polarization direction of light entering a polarizing plate changes due to a lenticular lens effect. .

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a stereoscopic television apparatus using a liquid crystal display which is a flat panel display for controlling and displaying a stereoscopic image by electrodes arranged in a matrix. In the liquid crystal display, the front side of the front plate of the liquid crystal display is formed on a number of aspherical lenses constituting a lenticular plate, and the back side of the front plate is formed in a planar shape, so that the lenticular plate and the front plate also serve as The aspherical lenses are arranged so that the vertical direction of each of the plurality of aspherical lenses coincides with the polarization direction of a polarizing plate disposed in front of the aspherical lenses.

[Operation] The present invention uses a flat panel display of a liquid crystal display instead of a CRT display, and changes the shape of the front side of a front panel (generally, a lot of glass) usually used for the flat panel display to a flat surface. Instead, by forming a large number of aspherical lenses constituting the lenticular plate and forming the rear surface of the front plate into a planar shape, the role of the conventional front plate and the lenticular plate can be performed by one front plate. Since the dual-purpose function can be used, the structure of the panel display can be simplified, and not only can the pitch pitch P of the lens of the lenticular plate and the pitch D of the pixel pitch of the panel display accurately correspond to each other. Since the lens of the cura plate is aspherical as described above, it is more stereoscopic than a lenticular plate of a spherical lens type. Effective viewing angle (angle) can be widened,
In addition, since each longitudinal direction of a large number of aspherical lenses of the lenticular plate is arranged so as to coincide with the polarization direction of the polarizing plate disposed in front of this aspherical lens, the lens action of the lenticular plate Therefore, there is no possibility that the polarization direction of light entering the polarizing plate is changed.

Example Next, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Instead of using electrostatic or electromagnetic deflection like CRT, when controlling each pixel with electrodes arranged in a matrix like a liquid crystal, LED, plasma (discharge) panel, etc. Since there is no distortion in the vertical direction, a truly flat flat panel display is obtained.

FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C show examples of the conventional structure of a typical plasma display panel among such flat panels applicable to the present invention. Plasma displays are roughly classified into two types, an AC (alternating current) type and a DC (direct current) type, because of the difference from the dielectric layer, and are further divided into various types such as a pulse memory type and a trigger type. In each of the plasma displays, as shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C, an anode 12 and a cathode 13, a trigger electrode 14, a dielectric layer 15, and a fluorescent material are provided between two glass plates, a front plate 10 and a back plate 11. The body 16 and the like are formed by a thick film technique using a screen printing method. The patterning of the phosphor 16 is often combined with an optical processing process. Normally, a display anode (transparent conductive film) 12, an auxiliary anode 12 ′, a phosphor 16, and the like are formed on the front plate 10 by using a thick film technique. The trigger electrode 14, the auxiliary cell 18, and the like are formed.

FIG. 1 shows the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention in detail. This example uses a DC-triggered plasma display panel (hereinafter
In this case, the front plate 100 of the PDR is not a flat plate but a spherical surface, and also serves as a lenticular plate. Glass is generally suitable for the material of the lenticular type front plate 100, but the material is not particularly limited as long as it can withstand a high temperature process of several hundred degrees during operation. The feature of the lenticular type front plate 100 is that the pitch interval P between the lenses of the lenticular plate (hereinafter referred to as lenticular lens) and the interval D between the display anodes 12 are accurately matched by a thick film printing technique. The point is that it can be easily formed.

FIG. 2 shows the principle of stereoscopic viewing using a lenticular type front plate 100 as shown in FIG. The example of FIG. 2 is an example applied to a so-called binocular lenticular stereoscopic television system in which each of the left (L) and right (R) pixels is formed in one lenticular lens. is there. L and R and each pixel are driven by drive circuits 22 and 23, respectively. The pitch P of the lenses of the lenticular plate 100 is determined from the number of viewpoints accommodated in one lens, and the thickness T of the lenticular plate 100 and the opening angle a
Is determined based on a viewing angle at which stereoscopic viewing is possible, conditions for focusing on the phosphor 16 (focal length), and the like.

The shape of the lenticular front plate 100 is shown in FIG.
In general, spherical lens type is often used as shown in
In order to widen the field of view (angle) capable of stereoscopic viewing, an aspheric lens type may be used as shown in FIG. 4 (B).

Next, a panel display to which the present invention is applied for displaying a color stereoscopic image will be described. An important point when displaying a color stereoscopic image is the relationship between the arrangement of the R (red), G (green), and B (blue) phosphors and the lens pitch P of the lenticular plate 100.

In the case of a color image, in order to project an image of the same resolution, the number of pixels is required to be three times the number of pixels calculated simply as compared with a monochrome image. In the lenticular method, it is not preferable to arrange R, G, and B pixels required for color display in the horizontal direction. Because, when R, G, B pixels are arranged in the horizontal direction, the light emitted from each pixel is diffused in different directions due to the lens action of the vertically arranged lenticular plate 100, and the color mixing condition becomes inappropriate, Correspondence between each pixel of the television signal photographed from different viewpoints is broken,
This is because stereoscopic viewing cannot be performed.

Therefore, in the case of the panel display of the embodiment of the present invention for displaying a color stereoscopic image, the arrangement of the respective R, G, B phosphors 16 corresponding to the viewpoints 1 to N (N is a natural number) is shown in FIG. As shown in (A) and (B), that is, R, G, and B pixels are arranged in the vertical direction along the lens of the lenticular plate 100. Since there is no lens function in the vertical direction of the lenticular plate 100, light from each of the R, G, and B pixels is mixed. Further, in general, in the case of a multi-lens system in which each pixel of a television signal photographed from many viewpoints (1 to N) is accommodated in one lenticular lens, the fifth lens is used.
As shown in FIG. 2B, as the number of viewpoints (N) increases, the number of pixels in the horizontal direction of the panel display increases, and the lens pitch P of the lenticular plate 100 also increases. When the lens pitch interval P increases,
The vertical stripe pattern of the lens of the lenticular plate 100 becomes coarse, and the image quality of the color stereoscopic image is significantly reduced. Therefore, as described above, it is extremely convenient to arrange the R, G, and B phosphors along the vertical direction of the lenticular lens.

Although the above description has been mainly directed to a plasma display panel as shown in FIG. 1, a panel display for a liquid crystal television, which is another typical panel display, will now be described.

FIG. 6 shows an example of a conventional structure of a liquid crystal panel display. In the liquid crystal panel display, the liquid crystal layer 33 is sealed between the upper glass substrate 31 and the lower glass substrate 32,
Polarizing plates 34 and 35, which are orthogonal to each other, are arranged outside the upper and lower glass substrates 31 and 32, respectively, and the polarizing plates 34 and 35 serve as shutters.

FIG. 7 shows the configuration of the embodiment of the present invention. In this example, in the color liquid crystal panel as shown in FIG. 6, the shape of the upper glass substrate 310 is formed as a lenticular lens type lens plate as shown in FIG. The conventional polarizing plates 34 are arranged. In this case, what should be particularly noted is the positional relationship between the direction of the lenticular lens and the polarizing plate. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the lenticular lens type upper glass substrate
It is necessary to arrange them accurately so that the longitudinal direction of the lens 310 and the polarization direction of the polarizing plate 34 match. Because both
This is because if the directions of 310 and 34 do not match, the polarization direction of light entering the polarizing plate 34 changes due to the lenticular lens action.

The embodiment described above is an embodiment for a plasma display and a liquid crystal display, but it goes without saying that the present invention can be applied to an EL display and a fluorescent display.

Further, the upper and lower imaging cameras are combined into one set, and the scanning lines are also formed by using two vertically adjacent pixels, and each pixel set includes pixels in the vertical direction. Instead of using lenticular lenses aligned in a row,
A glass plate having a “fly-eye lens” arranged for each pixel group may be attached as a front plate. In this case, from the fly-eye lens, light rays are also diffused and emitted in the vertical direction for each pixel of the pixel set, and a stereoscopic image at a different angle is formed as the observer moves his or her eyes up, down, left, and right. You can see.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the shape of the front side of the front plate used for the flat panel display of the liquid crystal display is not a plane, but a large number of aspherical surfaces constituting a lenticular plate. By forming the front surface of the lenticular lens and the back surface of the front plate in a flat shape, the function of the conventional front plate and the lenticular plate can be shared by one front plate, thereby simplifying the structure of the panel display. Not only can the pitch of the lens of the lenticular plate easily correspond to the pitch of the pixel pitch of the panel display, but also the lens of the lenticular plate is aspherical as described above. In comparison with the spherical lens type lenticular plate, it is possible to widen the field of view (angle) that can be stereoscopically viewed. Since each longitudinal direction of the aspherical lens is arranged so as to coincide with the polarization direction of the polarizing plate disposed in front of the aspherical lens, light entering the polarizing plate by the lens action of the lenticular plate is obtained. A remarkable effect that there is no possibility that the polarization direction is changed can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a configuration example of a panel display for a lenticular type stereoscopic television according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a principle of stereoscopic vision in the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. FIGS. 3 (A) to 3 (C) are perspective views showing a configuration example of a conventional plasma panel display applicable to the present invention, and FIGS. 4 (A) and 4 (B) are book diagrams. FIGS. 5A and 5B are explanatory views showing examples of the shape of a lenticular plate according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between each pixel arrangement and configuration of R, G, and B in the panel display for a color stereoscopic television of the embodiment of the present invention, and the lens pitch of the lenticular plate. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a lenticular type color stereoscopic liquid crystal panel display according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 8 is a lenticular lens of an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view showing a correspondence between a mold glass substrate and a polarizing plate B, FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a conventional lenticular type television apparatus, and FIG. 10 is a conventional double lenticular screen. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration example of a television device of a system. 10,100 Front panel, 11 Back panel, 12 Display anode, 12 'Auxiliary anode, 13 Cathode, 14 Trigger electrode, 15 Dielectric layer, 16 Phosphor, 17 …… Partition wall, 18 …… Auxiliary cell, 19 …… Display cell, 21 …… Light emitting body surface, 22,23 …… Drive circuit, 31,310 …… Upper glass substrate, 32 …… Lower glass substrate, 33… Liquid crystal Layer, 34 ... Polarizer, 35 ... Polarizer.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A three-dimensional television apparatus using a liquid crystal display, which is a flat panel display for controlling and displaying a three-dimensional image by electrodes arranged in a matrix, wherein a front surface of a front plate of the liquid crystal display is provided with a lenticular plate. A large number of aspherical lenses to be formed, and the rear side of the front plate is formed in a planar shape so that the lenticular plate and the front plate can also be used, and each of the multiple aspherical lenses has a vertical shape. A stereoscopic television device, wherein the direction is arranged so as to coincide with the polarization direction of a polarizing plate arranged in front of the aspherical lens.