JP2595776B2 - Door opening and closing device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention provides a mechanism for holding a door that does not protrude forward from the front of the door when the door is closed. The present invention relates to a door opening / closing device which can be opened to a position where it can be superposed on the front surface of a door to be opened.

[Prior art] For example, in the case where a plurality of doors are arranged adjacent to each other on the front surface of an opening and each door is supported by a conventional hinge, the opening angle of the door is far more than a position where the opening angle reaches 180 °. In the foreground, the opened door interferes with an adjacent door, causing a disadvantage that it is difficult to open the door any more. Such a problem can be solved by disposing the hinge axis more forward, but if the opening range of the door is expanded in such a direction, when the door is closed, it is located forward of the front of the door. The hinge will protrude. For this reason, the hinge tends to be a hindrance to traffic and the like, and there is a problem that the danger increases.

On the other hand, some recent door opening / closing devices have adopted a biaxial hinge mechanism or an articulated link mechanism to solve such inconvenience. Examples of the former include Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-6133, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-46772, and Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-open No. 62-17637.
No. 4, Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 62-176375, etc., are shown in FIGS.
(E) A hinge mechanism a as schematically shown is used, and the hinge mechanism a is arranged in a pair near the upper edge and the lower edge of the opening S so as to support the upper and lower ends of the door b. ing. The structure of the hinge mechanism a is such that the base end e of the intermediate body d is rotatably connected to the fixing metal c within a regulation rotation range of 90 ° and the door b of the intermediate body d is attached to the front end f of the intermediate body d. The upper and lower ends of the suspension base are pivoted. Then, from the closed position shown in FIG. 5 (A), first, the door b is rotated together with the intermediate body d around the base pivot point e as shown in FIG. 5 (A) → (B) → (C). At the intermediate rotation position where the door b is rotated by 90 °, the tip pivot point f is protruded to the front of the opening S. From this position, the door b is now turned around the protruded tip pivot point f. (C) → (D) → (E) in the same manner as shown in the figure, the front surface of the adjacent door b at the final rotation position where the door b is further rotated 90 ° from the intermediate rotation position. The door b can be arranged without causing interference.

An example of the latter is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-19493. Although not shown, a pair of articulated link mechanisms are disposed on both upper and lower edges of the opening S, and these link mechanisms are provided. The upper and lower ends of the hanging point of the door are pivotally supported via. Then, as the door rotates, the joint at the distal end of the link protrudes toward the front side of the opening by the multi-purpose link, and the door is rotated around the joint at the distal end together with the joint to open the opening. In contrast, when the door is turned to nearly 180 °, the door can be arranged on the front surface of the adjacent door without causing interference.

[SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Incidentally, the door b forces such as arrow f ₁ to the upper end b ₁ of Tsumoto acts in accordance with the load Mg as shown in FIG. 6, the lower end of Tsumoto b forces such as arrow f ₂ is applied to _2. Such a force f ₁ ,
f _2, when the intermediate d in the hinge mechanism a shown in FIG. 5 is in the range of the figure together with the door b (A) ~ (C) are those forces f _1, f ₂ is via an intermediate d Base end point e
And is effectively received at the proximal pivot point e. However, when the intermediate body d reaches the intermediate pivot position shown in FIG. 7C and the door b further pivots from that position alone to the regions shown in FIGS. point e becomes deviate from those forces f _1, f ₂ of the working line, a part of these forces f _1, f ₂ generates a rotational moment around the proximal articulation point e. Specifically, the upper end b _{1 of} the hanging base
In the force f ₁ acts as a biasing force in the intermediate d in opening direction, the lower end b ₂ of Tsumoto is the force f ₂ acts as a biasing force in the closing direction intermediate d. As a result, the intermediate d at the upper end
Although the operation is restricted, the intermediate body d at the lower end does not rotate any more in the opening direction, but the lower end intermediate d starts moving in the closing direction. The following problem arises.

On the other hand, some of the above-mentioned devices have been proposed in which the intermediate member d is locked when the door b is in the state shown in FIGS. 5 (C) to 5 (E). The limitation of the locking mechanism is that a small locking member such as a claw can be used due to assembly restrictions, and it is doubtful whether an effective locking effect can be provided when the weight of the door b is large. In addition, even if the locking function works effectively, since the door b is supported by a fixed member such as a wall through two pivot points, the backlash of the door b is caused by the tip pivot point of the intermediate body d. Thus, even if the door b has rigidity, the upper and lower intermediates d can operate in the opposite directions within the range of the backlash. For this reason, it is difficult to completely overcome the disturbance in operation with this configuration.

The hinge mechanism a moves the rotation axis from e to f at the intermediate rotation position as described above.
The operation is performed with a step feel. For this reason,
When it is desired to obtain continuous operability like a normal door, there is a drawback that cannot be dealt with. In addition, unless the lock mechanism is operated in a timely manner when moving the shaft center, 2
Malfunctions occur in the valleys of step-feeling operations, creating new problems to be solved.

On the other hand, in the articulated link mechanism, due to the nature of the link, the disturbance of operation caused by the reverse operation of the mechanism above and below the door is more intense than that of the above-described hinge mechanism, and the upper and lower sides of the suspension of the door are also increased. The rattling that appears at the end is likely to be greater than that of the hinge mechanism. As for the operability, since the expansion and contraction of the link occur irregularly, the sense of incompatibility cannot be wiped out.

The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and by a completely new idea, it is possible to stably support a heavy door and to ensure smooth operation,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a door opening / closing device that can open a target door at a wide angle while avoiding interference with an adjacent door or the like.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention employs the following means to achieve the above object.

That is, the door opening / closing device of the present invention operates the gear train in conjunction with the turning operation of the door, and the gear train causes the pair of upper and lower arms supporting the door to rotate synchronously with the shaft connecting them. Like that. For this, the axis is
The arm is disposed substantially vertically in the opening, is held so as to be rotatable around the axis, and each arm is fixed to the shaft so as to approach the upper edge and the lower edge of the opening, respectively. The front end is extended in the same direction, and the door is for closing the opening, and the upper and lower ends of the suspension base are pivotally supported at the front ends of the two arms. . Then, the gear train is fixed to the door with its axis aligned on the pivot point of the suspension of the door, and the fixed guide fixed to the fixed member with the axis aligned with the shaft. A gear member, and an odd number of intermediate gears that are axially mounted between the base end and the distal end of the arm to indirectly mesh the external rotation gear and the fixed guide gear member. It is characterized in that the fixed guide gear member is constituted by providing teeth around the outer periphery.

The gear train may be provided only on the upper arm side or only on the lower arm side, or may be provided on both upper and lower arms.

In the simplest case, only one intermediate gear is required.

The fixed guide gear member may have teeth partially around the axis, or may have teeth extending 360 degrees around the axis.

[Operation] When the door is turned in the opening direction, the external gear rotates together with the door. As a result, the intermediate gear meshing with the external rotation gear also tries to rotate. However, since this intermediate gear also meshes with the fixed guide gear member, in order to follow the external gear, the planetary movement must be performed in the counter-rotating direction of the door along the outer periphery of the fixed gear member. As a result, as the door is rotated, the arm on which the intermediate gear is pivotally moved away from the adjacent door, and protrudes toward the front side of the opening (when the operation opposite to the above is performed). , The arm retracts to the back of the opening). In addition, when the arm performs such an operation, the rotating power is also applied to the other arm not provided with the gear train through the shaft, and the arm follows the arm and rotates synchronously. Needless to say, when this arm is provided with a gear train, the arm rotates synchronously. However, if the tip pivot point is set so that it protrudes forward from the front of the door when the door is rotated to nearly 180 °, interference with adjacent doors etc. is avoided, and that door is moved 180 °.゜ It is possible to rotate and place it on the front of an adjacent door or the like.

Moreover, conventionally, the upper and lower intermediate members are completely separated, and these intermediate members, which should give a pivotal axis to the door, give a synchronous position to each other through the rigidity and posture of the door. In contrast to this, the upper and lower arms are connected via a shaft, and both arms do not depend on the rigidity of the door as long as the rigidity of the shaft is secured In this case, the synchronization position can be positively secured. (Especially, when a pair of upper and lower gear trains is provided, the two arms are always associated one-to-one via the pivoting position of the door, so that the synchronization state is further improved. It becomes something). Therefore, according to this configuration, even if the load of the door acts on the upper and lower arms in the opposite directions, it is possible to keep the arms from shaking. In addition, unlike the above-described hinge mechanism and link mechanism, the position of the pivot point of the hanging point of the door can be continuously changed at the same rate from the beginning to the end.

[Embodiment] One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

The door opening / closing device of this embodiment is applied to, for example, an iron door for closing a front opening S of a switchboard provided on a wall of a building or the like in a partitioned manner along the wall. You.

More specifically, a support 1 that forms a part of a building structure is erected at regular intervals behind the opening S,
Upper bracket 2 used as a fixing member for those columns 1
And the lower bracket 3 is fixed. The bearings 2a, 3a are mounted on these brackets 2, 3, and the upper end 4a of the shaft 4 vertically arranged from the upper edge to the lower edge of the opening S.
The lower end 4b is rotatably supported by the bearings 2a and 3a.

A base end portion 5a of the lower arm 5 is fixed to a lower end 4b of the shaft 4 and its mounting state is reinforced by a rib 4c, and a nut 4d is also provided on the upper end 4a in a direction parallel to the lower arm 5. The base end 6a of the upper arm 6 extending in the direction shown in FIG. Then, bearings 5c, 6c are mounted on the distal ends 5b, 6b of the arms 5, 6, and a door 7 is provided between the bearings 5c, 6c.
Is pivoted.

Door 7, which has contact with the horizontal frame member 7a and the vertical frame member 7b made of iron pipes Tsuyoshi, shaft 7e, 7f is integrally collision through the upper end ₇₁ and lower end 7 ₂ of Tsumoto mounting bracket 7c, and 7d It is set up. And these axes
7e and 7f are supported by the bearings 6c and 5c.

In such a configuration, in this embodiment, the upper arm 6
On the side, a gear train 8 for associating the turning operation of the door 7 with the turning operation of the arm 6 is formed. The gear train 8 includes an external gear 9 fixed on the outer periphery of the shaft 7e so that the axis m is coincident with the shaft 7e;
A fixed guide gear member 10 in which teeth around the axis n of the shaft 4 are partially provided around the outer periphery of the flange 2 using the upper flange 2; and a base end 6a of the arm 6; Tip
One intermediate gear 11 is mounted between the shaft 6b via a shaft 11a and meshes with both the external rotation gear 9 and the fixed guide gear member 10 at the same time.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described. When a turning operation force in the direction of arrow u is applied to the door 7 from the closed position shown by the solid line in FIG. 3 in the opening direction, the external rotation gear 9 starts to rotate together with the door 7 in the direction of arrow v in the figure. . As a result, the intermediate gear 11 meshing with the external rotation gear 9 also follows and tries to rotate in the counter-rotating direction (the direction of the arrow w). However, since the intermediate gear 11 also meshes with the fixed guide gear member 10, in order to follow the external rotation gear 9, the fixed guide gear member 10
Planetary motion must be performed in the closing direction of the door 7 (the direction of the arrow x) along the outer circumference of the door. As a result, as the door 7 is rotated, the arm 6 on which the intermediate gear 11 is pivotally moved away from the adjacent door 7 and protrudes toward the front side of the opening S (the reverse of the above). Is performed, the arm 6 is retracted to the rear side of the opening S). In addition, when the upper arm 6 performs such an operation, the turning power is also applied to the lower arm 5 through the shaft 4, and the arm 5 follows the upper arm 6 and rotates synchronously. Then, door 7
If each gear ratio is set such that the axis m protrudes forward from the front surface of the door 7 when the door 7 is turned by 180 °, the door 7 is turned by 90 ° from the closed position (FIG. 4). 3), the door 7 is further rotated by 90 ° from this position, so that the door 7 can be overlapped with the front surface of the adjacent door 7 without any interference as shown by the imaginary line in FIG. Will be possible. Since the opening S can be opened to a wide angle by the door opening / closing device, the operation related to the operation, maintenance, and management of the switchboard can be performed smoothly and efficiently without blocking the passage or the like on the front side.

In addition, in the conventional hinge mechanism, the upper and lower intermediate members are completely separated from each other, and those intermediate members, which should provide the pivotal axis to the door, are opposite to each other via the rigidity and posture of the door. In contrast to an interdependent balance relationship in which a synchronous position can be given, this device has both upper and lower arms 6, 5 connected via a shaft 4, so that even the rigidity of the shaft 4 can be ensured. For example, the two arms 5 and 6 can positively secure the synchronization position without depending on the rigidity of the door 7. Therefore,
According to this configuration, even if the load of the door 7 acts on the upper and lower arms 6 and 5 in the opposite direction, the arms 6 and 5 do not wobble, and the door 7 is always stably supported. A smooth turning operation can be performed. In addition, since the pivot points of the hanging points 7 ₁ and 7 ₂ of the door 7 always move continuously at the same rate from the beginning to the end, the operation is more difficult in the middle of operation than in the two-step feel hinge mechanism or link mechanism. This eliminates any special shock or discomfort. Also,
Since the fixed guide gear member 10 is formed by providing teeth around the outer periphery of the upper bracket 2 as a fixing member, a special fixing member for holding the shaft 4 is not required, thereby reducing the number of parts and assembling work. Can be facilitated.

The gear train may be provided only on the lower arm side, or may be provided on each of the upper and lower arms to further enhance the connection. Further, the number of intermediate gears may be three or more. Further, the fixed guide gear member can use a normal gear having teeth over 360 °. In addition, various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[Effects of the Invention] Since the present invention has the above-described configuration, it is possible to stably support a heavy door, ensure smooth operation, and avoid interference with an adjacent door. It is also possible to provide a door opening / closing device that can open a target door at a wide angle.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 to 4 show one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a partially omitted perspective view, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the longitudinal direction of an arm and the plane direction of a door, and FIG. 4 and 4 are schematic partial plan sectional views for explaining the operation. FIG. 5 and FIG.
FIGS. 5A to 5E are schematic explanatory views showing operations, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a hinged state. 2, 3 ... fixing member (bracket) 4 ... shaft, 4a ... upper end 4b ... lower end 5, ... lower arm 5a ... base end, 5b ... distal end 6 ... upper arm, 6a ... Base end 6b Tip end 7 Door 7 ₁ Upper end of hanging base 7 ₂ Lower end of hanging base 8 Gear train 9 External gear 10 Fixed guide gear member 11 …… Intermediate gear m, n …… Axial center, S …… Opening

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. A door opening / closing system in which a gear train is actuated in conjunction with a turning operation of a door, and the gear train rotates a pair of upper and lower arms supporting the door together with a shaft connecting them. The device, wherein the shaft is disposed substantially vertically in the opening, and is held so as to be rotatable around the axis. Each arm is provided at an upper edge and a lower edge of the opening, respectively. The tip is extended in the same direction by being fixed to the shaft so as to be close to each other, and the door is used to close the opening. The upper and lower ends are pivotally supported, and a gear train is fixed on the pivotal point of the door hanging from the door with its axis aligned and fixed to the door, and with the axis aligned with the shaft. A fixed guide gear member fixedly mounted on a member, and the outer rotation gear and the fixed shaft mounted between a base end and a tip end of the arm. A door comprising a fixed guide gear member and an odd number of intermediate gears indirectly meshing with each other, wherein the fixed guide gear member is formed by providing teeth around the outer periphery of the fixed member. Switchgear. 2. The door opening / closing device according to claim 1, wherein a gear train is provided only on the upper arm side. 3. The door opening / closing device according to claim 1, wherein a gear train is provided only on the lower arm side. 4. The door opening / closing device according to claim 1, wherein a gear train is provided on each of the upper and lower arms. 5. The door opening / closing device according to claim 1, wherein there is one intermediate gear. 6. The door opening and closing device according to claim 1, wherein the fixed guide gear member has teeth partially around the axis. 7. The door opening / closing device according to claim 1, wherein the fixed guide gear member has teeth extending 360 degrees around the axis.