JP2023542081A - Method and apparatus for spatial multiplexing and beamforming of orthogonal streams - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and apparatus for spatial multiplexing and beamforming of orthogonal streams is provided. In one embodiment, a method inputs a data stream to a transmitter device that demultiplexes, modulates, spatially multiplexes, and transmits beamforms the data stream into corresponding code-controlled selectable polarizations. Let n spatial streams be input to the antenna, each polarized antenna radiating a stream with a polarization that is orthogonal or uncorrelated with respect to the other n-1 radiation streams. The method includes detecting a radiation stream at a receiver device comprising n selectable polarization antennas correspondingly controlled by the same code. Each receive antenna performs matched polarization filtering of the incoming radiation stream aggregate to recover one corresponding spatial stream. The n recovered spatial streams are then receive beamformed, spatially demultiplexed, demodulated and recombined into the original data stream. Since n can be arbitrarily large, spatial multiplexing and beamforming of orthogonal streams provides a mechanism for arbitrarily increasing the information rate of a highly directional, fixed frequency and bandwidth wireless channel. [Selection diagram] Figure 1

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is incorporated by reference to co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. Related. No. 16/379,962 is filed on March 1, 2019, and is filed under U.S. Pat. Claim benefits under Article. These related applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention relate to the field of telecommunications. More specifically, example embodiments of the invention relate to the operation of wireless communication networks.

With the rapidly growing trend for mobile and remote fixed data access via high-speed wireless communication networks, the increase in the number of users and the amount of data consumed by these users has become a major concern. Long Term Evolution (LTE) fourth generation (4G) cellular networks, for example, currently utilize multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology. MIMO technology has significantly increased the available mobile capacity relative to its non-MIMO predecessor. However, the projected demand for wireless bandwidth far exceeds what the much-touted next-generation fifth generation (5G) technology can actually provide, even in the relatively near future.

Therefore, a mechanism that can significantly increase the data transfer capacity of wireless communication networks is highly desirable.

The following summary presents a simplified version of one or more aspects of the invention. The purpose of this summary is to present key concepts in a simplified form prior to going into more detail.

In various exemplary embodiments, orthogonal stream spatial multiplexing and beamforming ("OSSMBF") methods and apparatus are provided that can significantly expand wireless network data transfer capacity and, in many cases, communication range. In an exemplary embodiment, an "outgoing data stream" requiring point-to-point wireless transmission to a remote destination is input to an OSSMBF-enabled transmitter. The digital data stream is here demultiplexed and modulated into n Tx radio streams, which are then spatially multiplexed and transmit beamformed by a MIMO transmitter into n RF_Tx spatial streams. The Tx spatial stream is then provided to n corresponding "OSSMBF_Tx devices" that uniquely enable spatial multiplexing and beamforming of the orthogonal streams on the transmit side. The "OSSMBF_Tx method" provides n separate OSSMBF_Tx devices with the instantaneous polarizations of their corresponding Tx spatial streams that are mutually orthogonal or uncorrelated with respect to the instantaneous polarizations of the other Tx spatial streams. Toggle in a time varying manner. The resulting n (each carrying distinct data, exhibiting a unique time-varying polarization, and featuring an incrementally stepped carrier phase, but otherwise identical amplitude modulation, bandwidth, and The "OSSMBF streams" (indicating frequency channelization) are then simultaneously radio-launched in the correct spatial direction to the desired destination. In this aspect, an OSSMBF_Tx device and an OSSMBF_Tx method are combined to split, modulate, spatially multiplex and transmit beamform an outgoing data stream into multiple Tx spatial streams, and then separately polarize the Tx spatial streams. Multiple corresponding OSSMBF streams, thereby allowing their simultaneous, co-channel, directional transmission to a common destination location without mutual interference.

The n radiated OSSMBF streams enter n corresponding "OSSMBF_Rx devices" (which uniquely enable spatial multiplexing and beamforming of orthogonal streams on the receiving side) at the destination OSSMBF capable receivers. The "OSSMBF_Rx method" consists of n "matched ) to generate a polarization filter, the instantaneous polarization of each of the n OSSMBF_Rx devices is varied in a manner that equally matches the instantaneous polarization of a distinct one of the OSSMBF_Tx devices. This allows the destination MIMO receiver to take the n partially separated and released Rx spatial streams and later receive beamform and spatially demultiplex them as fully separated and released Tx radio streams. to demodulate and digitally recombine them all back into the outgoing data stream. In this aspect, the OSSMBF_Rx device and the OSSMBF_Rx method are combined to separately polarization filter the radio-aggregated directionally sensed OSSMBF streams into corresponding Rx spatial streams, which are then The receive beamform, spatial demultiplexing, demodulation and digital aggregation into the outgoing data stream completes simultaneous, co-channel, mutual interference-free, directional OSSMBF transmission from the source location.

The main advantage of OSSMBF is that it allows arbitrarily large numbers of n RF spatial streams (each carrying distinct data but otherwise characterized by identical amplitude, modulation and bandwidth) to the same destination at the same frequency. Its ability to transmit wirelessly in a channel effectively multiplies the data transfer capacity of any such fixed frequency, modulation and bandwidth communications link by a factor of n. Furthermore, the communication range of the link can also be significantly increased if the stream appropriately incorporates stepped carrier phasing (ie, phased array beamforming).

Existing (universally) MIMO spatial multiplexing techniques that rely on terrestrial multipath propagation to provide partial radiated stream separation and release necessary for subsequent complete individual stream separation and release at the MIMO receiver. can only guarantee twice the data transfer rate (and can actually only deliver up to four times even under very special circumstances), regardless of the MIMO spatial multiplexing order n adopted. Furthermore, the above dependence on very significantly dissimilar stream propagation paths (and the non-coherence of coexisting carrier phases) makes it completely impractical to incorporate phased array techniques to extend the link communication range as described above. shall be invalidated.

In embodiments, a transmitter device is provided that includes a MIMO transmitter and multiple transmit antenna circuits. The MIMO transmitter inputs a data stream and generates a plurality of corresponding stepped phase coherent but otherwise equal amplitude, modulation, bandwidth and frequency RF_Tx spatial streams, as well as a corresponding plurality of digital binary time Each outputs a fluctuating orthogonal or uncorrelated sequential polarization control signal. Each Tx spatial stream is associated with a corresponding polarization control signal. Each transmit antenna circuit controls its input Tx spatial stream based on first and second orthogonally polarized antenna elements and a corresponding polarization control signal to radiate a distinct time-varying polarization OSSMBF stream. An RF switch is provided for selectively connecting the first and second orthogonally polarized antenna elements. In the above aspect, the transmitter apparatus includes a MIMO transmitter for converting a data stream into multiple Tx spatial streams and for separately polarizing the Tx spatial streams to transmit simultaneous and identical data streams to remote locations. Multiple transmit antenna circuits are provided for radiating OSSMBF streams for directional transmission without mutual interference in the channel.

Embodiments receive a data stream and generate multiple Tx spatial streams that are spatially encoded for simultaneous, co-channel transmission and transmit beamformed for precise spatial direction radiation. A transmitter device is provided that includes a MIMO transmitter. The apparatus also includes a code generator that generates a plurality of separate polarization control signals. The apparatus also includes multiple transmit antenna circuits that receive multiple Tx spatial streams and multiple polarization control signals and generate multiple separately polarized radiation streams. Each transmit antenna circuit directs the Tx spatial stream to the first and second orthogonally polarized transmit antenna elements based on first and second orthogonally polarized transmit antenna elements and corresponding polarization control signals. An RF switch for selective connection is provided.

In embodiments, a receiver device is provided that includes a plurality of receive antenna circuits and a MIMO receiver. Each antenna circuit directionally detects a corresponding plurality of simultaneous co-channel radiated OSSMBF streams, each with a distinct mutually orthogonal or uncorrelated time-varying polarization and stepped carrier phase. but otherwise feature the same amplitude, modulation, and bandwidth. Each receive antenna circuit receives a separate binary, time-varying polarization control signal from the MIMO receiver that is identical to a separate one of the polarization control signals generated at the corresponding MIMO transmitter. Each separate OSSMBF stream is associated with a corresponding polarization control signal. while each receive antenna circuit transmits without suppression only one polarization filtered OSSMBF stream associated with the first and second orthogonally polarized antenna elements and that particular polarization control signal; an RF switch selectively connecting the outputs of the first and second orthogonally polarized antenna elements to the MIMO receiver based on corresponding polarization control signals to significantly suppress all of the other streams at Equipped with In the above aspect, the receiver apparatus includes multiple receive antenna circuits for separately polarization filtering multiple OSSMBF streams into corresponding multiple Rx spatial streams, and a In order to complete their simultaneous co-channel and mutual interference-free transmission of the Rx spatial streams, a MIMO receiver is equipped to later convert the Rx spatial streams back to the original data streams.

Embodiments include a MIMO receiver that generates a plurality of polarization control signals and each detects a plurality of simultaneous co-channel stepped carrier phase coherent separately polarized radiation streams; A receiver apparatus is provided comprising a plurality of receive antenna circuits that receive distinct ones of polarization control signals and output Rx spatial streams that include one unsuppressed polarization filtered radiation stream. Each receive antenna circuit receives first and second orthogonally polarized receive antenna elements and outputs of the first and second orthogonally polarized receive antenna elements based on a corresponding polarization control signal. It is equipped with an RF switch that selectively connects to the machine. A MIMO receiver generates data streams by spatially decoding and receive beamforming multiple Rx spatial streams from precise spatial directions to complete simultaneous, co-channel transmissions.

In embodiments, the data stream is divided into multiple simultaneous stepped carrier phase coherent co-channel equal amplitude, modulation and bandwidth RF_Tx spatial streams for input to multiple selectable polarization transmit antennas. A method is provided that includes converting to MIMO. Each transmit antenna is orthogonal or uncorrelated with respect to the other Tx spatial streams to radiate a corresponding plurality of independently polarized, simultaneous, co-channel OSSMBF streams in a precise spatial direction. influence its corresponding Tx spatial stream by a time-varying polarization. The method also includes receiving the plurality of OSSMBF streams at a plurality of selectable polarization receive antennas. Each receive antenna influences its detected OSSMBF streams by polarization filtering in order to transmit that one stream unsuppressed to downstream receiver circuitry while significantly suppressing all others. to match the time-varying polarization of one selected OSSMBF stream. The resulting plurality of polarization filtered Rx spatial streams are then MIMO converted to an Rx data stream for subsequent conversion to the original data stream. In the above aspect, the method employs separate transmitted signal polarizations combined by corresponding received signal polarization filtering to spatially multiplex an arbitrarily large number of aggregates to convey a correspondingly large data stream. and highly directional point-to-point transmission of beamformed spatial streams on the same channel and without mutual interference.

Additional features and advantages of exemplary embodiments of the invention will be apparent from the following description, drawings, and claims.

Exemplary aspects of the invention will be more fully understood from the detailed description provided below and from the accompanying drawings of various embodiments of the invention, which limit the invention to specific embodiments. It should not be construed as a guide, and is for explanation and understanding purposes only.

FIG. 1 depicts a communication network comprising an exemplary embodiment of a transmitter and an exemplary embodiment of a receiver that together perform spatial multiplexing and beamforming of orthogonal streams. FIG. 2 shows an exemplary detailed embodiment of a transmit antenna circuit. FIG. 3 shows an exemplary detailed embodiment of a receive antenna circuit. FIG. 4A shows an example detailed embodiment of at least a portion of the MIMO_Tx shown in FIG. FIG. 4B shows an example detailed embodiment of at least a portion of the TxSMX_BF shown in FIG. 4A. FIG. 5A shows an example detailed embodiment of at least a portion of MIMO_Rx shown in FIG. 1. FIG. FIG. 5B shows an example detailed embodiment of at least a portion of RxBF_SDMX shown in FIG. 5A. FIG. 6 illustrates a method for performing spatial multiplexing and beamforming of transmitted orthogonal streams according to an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 7 illustrates a method for performing spatial multiplexing and beamforming of received orthogonal streams according to an embodiment of the invention.

Aspects of the invention are described herein in the context of methods and/or apparatus for spatial multiplexing and beamforming of orthogonal streams.

The purpose of the following detailed description is to provide a thorough understanding of one or more embodiments of the invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following detailed description is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. Other embodiments would themselves readily suggest that such a person of ordinary skill in the art would have the benefit of this disclosure and/or description.

In the interest of clarity, not all of the routine features of the embodiments described herein are illustrated and described. Of course, in the deployment of any such actual implementation, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made to achieve the developer's particular goals, such as compliance with application and industry-related constraints; It should be understood that these specific goals vary between implementations and developers. Furthermore, it should be appreciated that such development efforts can be complex and time consuming, but may nevertheless be routine engineering tasks for those skilled in the art who have the benefit of embodiments of the present disclosure.

The various embodiments of the invention illustrated in the drawings may not be drawn to scale. Conversely, the dimensions of the various features may be expanded or reduced for clarity. Additionally, portions of the drawings may be simplified for clarity. Therefore, a drawing may not depict all of the components of a given apparatus (ie, device) or method. The same reference numbers are used throughout the drawings and the following detailed description to refer to the same or similar parts.

FIG. 1 shows a wireless communication network 100 comprising an example embodiment of an OSSMBF transmitter ("OSSMBF_Tx") 102 and an example embodiment of an OSSMBF receiver ("OSSMBF_Rx") 104 that together perform spatial multiplexing and beamforming of orthogonal streams. shows. For further details on stream spatial multiplexing, the reader is referred to co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. FOR ORTHOGONAL STREAM SPATIAL MULTIPLEXING" is referred to.

Transmitter Description The OSSMBF_Tx 102 includes an n-order (e.g., n is an integer greater than 2) MIMO spatial multiplexing and beamforming capable transmitter ("MIMO_Tx") 106 and an RF switch 110 (1-n) and a dual A plurality (n) of transmitter antenna circuits 108 (1-n) (also referred to herein as "TxOSS MBF devices") are provided with polarized Tx antennas 112 (1-n). For example, each dual polarization Tx antenna is equipped with horizontal polarization (HP) and vertical polarization (VP) antenna elements. In an embodiment, MIMO_Tx 106 receives a data stream TxData 118 having a data rate of (n×R) Mbps. MIMO_Tx 106 demultiplexes, modulates, spatially multiplexes, and beamforms TxData 118 into n simultaneous co-channel Tx spatial streams 114 (1-n), each of which carries distinct data at a rate of RMbps. exhibit the same amplitude, modulation, bandwidth and center frequency as well as progressively stepped carrier phase.

MIMO_Tx 106 provides n Tx ports (PORT1-n), each port being connected to an RF switch 110 of a corresponding transmitter antenna circuit 108. Each RF switch 110 receives a respective Tx spatial stream 114 from MIMO_Tx 106 at an RF input and a corresponding Tx polarity control signal 116 at a control input. RF switch 110 features two RF outputs selectively connected to RF inputs in response to control signals 116. The two outputs are respectively connected to two orthogonal polarization elements of dual polarization transmit antenna 112. A first output of RF switch 110 is connected to a vertical polarization (VP) element of transmit antenna 112. A second output of RF switch 110 is connected to the horizontal polarization (HP) element of transmit antenna 112. Accordingly, each of the RF switches 110 has an input connected to MIMO_Tx 106 and an output connected to the vertical and horizontal polarization elements of their respective dual-polarized Tx antenna 112.

During transmit operations, data stream TxData 118 is input to MIMO_Tx 106 where it is split and radio modulated into n equal amplitude, modulation and bandwidth Tx radio streams. The n Tx radio streams are then spatially multiplexed and carrier phase aligned (i.e., transmit beamformed) into n distinct simultaneous co-channel stepped carrier phase coherent Tx spaces. The stream becomes stream 114 (1 to n). Each Tx spatial stream is routed to a corresponding RF switch 110 of transmit antenna circuit 108 along with a polarization control signal 116. Polarization control signal 116 controls how RF switch 110 connects the Tx spatial stream at its RF input to the vertical and horizontal polarization elements of corresponding dual polarization transmit antenna 112. The polarization control signal 116 is configured to (a) separate n-order orthogonal binaries (Walsh or Gold) such that the resulting radiation streams exhibit distinct mutually orthogonal polarizations over time for every other radiation stream; (b) n uncorrelated codes (such as PN) such that the resulting radiation stream exhibits distinct mutually uncorrelated polarizations over time for every other radiation stream; configured to time-vary the instantaneous polarization of a given Tx spatial stream according to one of the following: In this aspect, OSSMBF_Tx 102 receives TxData 118 and has equal amplitude, modulation, bandwidth and center frequency and stepped carrier phase ( That is, it outputs n (transmission beamformed) OSSMBF streams 134 with orthogonal polarizations or uncorrelated polarizations.

Receiver Description The OSSMBF_Rx 104 includes a similar n-order MIMO spatial demultiplexing and beamforming capable receiver (“MIMO_Rx”) 120 and each RF switch 124 (1-n) and dual polarization Rx antenna 126 (1-n). n) (herein also referred to as "RxOSS MBF device"). Each Rx antenna 126 detects an RF signal comprising multiple simultaneous co-channel stepped carrier phase coherent OSSMBF streams 134 radiated from OSSMBF_Tx 102 in its vertical and horizontal polarization components. Each RF switch 124 receives at its RF input a corresponding polarization filtered OSSMBF stream 134 from vertical and horizontal antenna elements, such as from antenna 126 within OSSMBF_Rx device 122 . Each RF switch 124 receives a corresponding Rx polarity control signal 130 from MIMO_Rx 120 at its control input. A first RF input to RF switch 124 is connected to the vertical polarization (VP) element of receive antenna 126. A second RF input to RF switch 124 is connected to the horizontal polarization (HP) element of receive antenna 126. The output of the RF switch 124 is directly connected to the Rx ports (PORT1-n) of the MIMO_Rx 120. Similarly, each of the RF switches of the receiver antenna circuits 122(1-n) has an RF input connected to the vertical and horizontal polarization elements of their respective dual-polarized receive antennas and a corresponding Rx port of the MIMO_Rx 120. has an output connected to.

During receive operation, MIMO_Rx 120 provides separate polarization control signals to each of n receiver antenna circuits 122(1-n). Each receiver antenna circuit polarization control signal 130 as generated by MIMO_Rx 120 is identical to the corresponding transmitter antenna circuit polarization control signal 116 provided by MIMO_Tx 106. Thus, the n separate polarization control signals commonly used by TxOSSMBF device 108 and RxOSSMBF device 122 each cooperate to convey only one unsuppressed polarization filtered OSSMBF stream to MIMO_Rx 120 while effectively synthesizes n "matched polarization filter" pairs that significantly suppress all of the other streams. The resulting n partially separated and released Rx spatial streams 128 are then receive beamformed and spatially demultiplexed into fully separated and released Rx radio streams, which are then transmitted by MIMO_Rx 120. It is demodulated and digitally aggregated to form the final RxData 132 (which corresponds equally to the original TxData 118).

FIG. 2 shows an exemplary detailed embodiment of a transmit antenna circuit 200. For example, transmit antenna circuit 200 is suitable for use as any of transmit antenna circuits 108(1-n) shown in FIG. Transmit antenna circuit 200 includes an RF switch 202, a vertically polarized antenna element 204, and a horizontally polarized antenna element 206.

The RF switch 202 includes an RF input port (IN), a digital control port (CTL), and two RF output ports (OUT1, OUT2). RF switch 202 receives Tx spatial stream 208 at input port IN. Polarization control signal 210 is received at control port CTL. Polarization control signal 210 comprises a binary stream of control bits. Each bit determines whether the input port IN is connected to the first output port OUT1 or the second output port OUT2. For example, when the polarity control bit is in a high or logic 1 state, the input port IN is connected to the first output port OUT1 and to the subsequent vertically polarized antenna element 204. When the polarity control bit is in a low or logic 0 state, the input port IN is connected to the second output port OUT2 and to the subsequent horizontally polarized antenna element 206. Therefore, polarity control signal 210 determines how Tx spatial stream 208 is instantaneously polarized for transmission as an OSSMBF stream (i.e., how to switch between horizontal and vertical polarization). toggled).

FIG. 3 shows an exemplary detailed embodiment of a receive antenna circuit 300. For example, receive antenna circuit 300 is suitable for use as any of receive antenna circuits 122(1-n) shown in FIG. Receive antenna circuit 300 includes an RF switch 302, a vertically polarized antenna element 304, and a horizontally polarized antenna element 306.

The RF switch 302 includes an RF output port (OUT), a digital control port (CTL), and two RF input ports (IN1, IN2). Vertically polarized antenna element 304 detects the incoming RF (such as OSSMBF stream 134) and vertically polarizes it for routing to the first input port IN1 of RF switch 302. Horizontally polarized antenna element 306 detects the same RF but horizontally polarizes it for routing to the second input port IN2 of RF switch 302. Polarization control signal 310 is received at control port CTL. Polarization control signal 310 comprises a binary stream of control bits. Each bit determines whether the first input port IN1 or the second input port IN2 is connected to the output port OUT. For example, if the polarity control bit is in a high or logic 1 state, the first input port IN1 is connected to the output port OUT and the vertically polarized filtered OSSMBF stream is communicated to the downstream MIMO receiver circuit. When the polarity control bit is in a low or logic 0 state, the second port IN2 is connected to the output port OUT and the horizontal polarization filtered OSSMBF stream is communicated to the downstream MIMO receiver circuit.

In operation, the polarity control signal 310 selects the vertically polarized filtered OSSMBF streams 134 at the first input port IN1 or the horizontally polarized filtered OSSMBF streams 134 at the second input port IN2. Connect to the output port OUT. Since the polarity control signal 310 is identical to the corresponding polarity control signal 116 used in the MIMO transmitter 106, switching between vertically polarized and horizontally polarized antenna elements is controlled by the polarity control signal 310. A matched time-varying polarization filter is synthesized that transmits only one of the precisely polarized OSSMBF streams 134 according to 310 to the MIMO_Rx 120 without suppressing it, while significantly suppressing all of the other OSSMBF streams. Accordingly, the polarization control signal 310 describes how multiple received OSSMBF streams (corresponding to one transmit Tx spatial stream 114) are polarization filtered to facilitate proper post-processing in MIMO_Rx 120. Determine whether only one selected Rx spatial stream 128 is to be partially separated and released.

FIG. 4A shows an example detailed embodiment of at least a portion of MIMO_Tx 106 shown in FIG. MIMO_Tx 106 includes TxSMX_BF 402, code generator 404 and code synchronization logic 406.

In operation, n Tx spatial streams 114(1-n) generated by the TxSMX_BF 402 are output to the RF switch (not shown) of the transmit antenna circuit 108 through PORT(1-n). Code generator 404 generates n distinct orthogonal (e.g., Walsh) or uncorrelated (e.g., PN) digital binary codes 116(1-n) that are output through PORT(1-n) to the RF switches of the transmit antenna circuit. ~n). For example, Tx polarity control signal 1_116(1) and Tx spatial stream 1_114(1) are output from MIMO_Tx106PORT(1) and input to the RF switch of the first transmit antenna circuit 108(1). The Tx polarity control signal n_116(n) and the Tx spatial stream n_114(n) are similarly output from PORT(n) and input to the RF switch of the nth transmit antenna circuit 108(n). In this manner, the RF switch of each transmit antenna circuit is provided with a separate polarization control code that steers the corresponding Tx spatial stream through selected vertical or horizontal antenna elements of the dual polarization antenna, thereby A separate instantiation of one of the orthogonal or uncorrelated time-varying polarized radiation OSSMBF streams is generated.

In embodiments, the polarity code timing corresponds to an integer fraction of the payload symbol rate of the transmission stream. In one embodiment, code synchronization logic 406 initializes transmitter code generator 404 such that the polarization transitions of any and all transmit antenna circuits 108 exactly match integer multiples of the Tx spatial stream symbol transitions. .

FIG. 4B shows an example detailed embodiment of at least a portion of TxSMX_BF 402 shown in FIG. 4A. TxSMX_BF402 includes a serial-to-parallel converter (S/P_CNV) 452, wireless modulators MOD1_454(1) to MODn_454(n), MIMO spatial multiplexer SMX456, transmit beam former TxBF458, and digital-to-analog converters D/A1_460(1) to D/ An_460(n) and RF up converters UPCNV1_462(1) to UPCNVn_462(n).

In operation, the transmit data stream TxDATA 118 is input to the S/P_CNV 452, which splits the transmit data stream (with a rate of n×RMbps) into n digital streams of RMbps each and sends them to n wireless modulators. It is transmitted to MOD1_454(1) to MODn_454(n). The resulting n Tx radio streams output from the modulator are then communicated to a MIMO spatial multiplexer SMX456 and spatially encoded for simultaneous co-channel transmission. The resulting n Tx spatial streams are then communicated to a transmit beamformer TxBF 458 to step adjust their individual carrier phases for directional transmission. The resulting n beamformed spatial streams are then communicated to individual digital-to-analog converters D/A1_460(1) to D/An_460(n) for transition to the analog domain. The resulting n analog beamformed spatial streams are then conveyed to respective RF upconverters UPCNV1_462(1) to UPCNVn_462(n) for frequency conversion to the proper common RF transmit center frequency and transmit Tx A spatial stream 114 is provided.

FIG. 5A shows an example detailed embodiment of at least a portion of MIMO_Rx 120 shown in FIG. MIMO_Rx 120 includes RxBF_SDMX 502, a code generator 504, and code synchronization logic 506.

In operation, code generator 504 provides polarization control signals to receiver antenna circuit 122. The polarization control signal generated by code generator 504 corresponds exactly to the polarization control signal generated at MIMO_Tx 106 by code generator 404. The signal output from the code generator 504 is how each of the n receiver antenna circuits 122 “matched polarization filtering” the multiple OSSMBF streams they detect to the RxBF_SDMX 502 of the MIMO_Rx 120. to partially separate and release individual Rx spatial streams 128 for input. Each receiver antenna circuit changes its instantaneous Rx polarization according to the same code employed in its corresponding transmitter antenna circuit. In this manner, only the mth detected OSSMBF stream (radiated from the mth transmitter antenna circuit with time-varying polarization according to the mth binary code) is transferred to the RxBF_SDMX 502 to the mth receiver antenna circuit (its polarization). The wave will also propagate uninhibited through the mth binary code (which varies in time according to the mth binary code). The other m-1 detected OSSMBF streams incident on the mth receive antenna circuit will be suppressed during propagation to RxBF_SDMX 502.

In embodiments, code synchronization logic 506 operates to synchronize polarization control codes between OSSMBF_Tx 102 and OSSMBF_Rx 104. In embodiments, synchronization logic 506 has polarity code timing that corresponds to an integer fraction of the payload symbol rate of the detected OSSMBF stream. In operation, MIMO receiver 120 accurately recovers the payload symbol rate. This is also called "symbol synchronization." Once the MIMO receiver achieves symbol synchronization, it also immediately achieves polarity code synchronization via code synchronization logic 506. Accordingly, in one embodiment, code synchronization logic 506 synchronizes code generator 504 such that Rx polarity control signal 130 faithfully reflects and time-tracks Tx polarity control signal 116, thereby allowing any and all receivers to The polarization transitions of antenna circuit 122 exactly match integer multiples of the symbol transitions of received OSSMBF stream 134 .

FIG. 5B shows an example detailed embodiment of at least a portion of RxBF_SDMX 502 shown in FIG. 5A. RxBF_SDMX502 includes n RF downconverters DNCNV1_552(1) to DNCNVn_552(n), n analog-to-digital converters A/D1_554(1) to A/Dn_554(n), receive beamformer RxBF556, and MIMO spatial demultiplexer SDMX558. , n radio demodulators DMOD1_560(1) to DMODn_560(n) and a parallel-to-serial converter (P/S_CNV) 562 of a digital data combiner.

In operation, the n partially separated and released Rx spatial streams 128 are communicated to the n corresponding RF downconverters DNCNV(1-n) 552 in the RxBF_SDMX 502, where they are at the frequency of actual operation. Converted from channel to baseband. The resulting n baseband spatial streams are then communicated to corresponding analog-to-digital converters A/D(1-n) 554 for conversion to the digital domain. The resulting n digital domain Rx spatial streams are conveyed to a receive beamformer RxBF556, where they are individually demultiplexed for SNR maximum reception from precise spatial directions before being conveyed to a MIMO spatial demultiplexer SDMX558. Carrier phase is adjusted. The SDMX558 completely converts their accompanying suppressed polarization filtered OSSMBF streams to maximize their individual signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) before being conveyed to the corresponding radio demodulator DMOD550. By removing, the receive beamformed Rx spatial stream is spatially decoded into completely separated and released Rx radio streams. The individual Rx radio streams, with signal-to-noise and signal-to-interference ratios previously maximized by receive beamforming and spatial demultiplexing, are demodulated into digital data streams and parallel-to-serial for aggregation into output RxData 132. It is transmitted to converter P/S_CNV562.

FIG. 6 illustrates a method 600 for performing spatial multiplexing and beamforming of transmit orthogonal streams according to one embodiment of the invention. For example, in the exemplary embodiment, method 600 is suitable for use by OSSMBF_Tx 102 shown in FIG.

At block 602, a transmit data stream at a data rate n×RMbps is input to an OSSMBF-enabled transmitter. For example, TxData 118 is input to MIMO_Tx 106 of OSSMBF_Tx 102.

At block 604, the transmit data stream is split into n independent equal data rate digital streams. The individual digital streams are then modulated, MIMO spatially multiplexed to enable simultaneous co-channel transmission, carrier phase adjusted (i.e., transmit beamformed) to enable directional transmission, and digital is converted to analog and then RF upconverted to the operating frequency channel into n separate Tx spatial streams. For example, the TxSMX_BF 402 processes the TxData 118, and as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, it is sequentially digitally demultiplexed by the S/P_CNV 452, wirelessly modulated by the MOD 454, spatially multiplexed by the SMX 456, and beamformed by the TxBF 458. Let n separate Tx spatial streams 114 be converted to analog by D/A 460 and then upconverted for transmission by UPCNV 462.

At block 606, the n Tx spatial streams are routed to corresponding Tx antenna circuits. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, each Tx spatial stream 114 is connected to an orthogonally polarized radiating element of a polarized antenna 112 whose RF input accepts the spatial stream from MIMO_Tx 106 and whose two RF outputs are selectable. is routed to a corresponding TxOSS MBF device 108 comprising an SPDT_RF switch 110 that is

At block 608, the n separate time-varying binary codes are combined and input to each of the control ports of the Tx antenna circuit. For example, code generator 404 generates n time-varying digital binary orthogonal or uncorrelated codes 116 that are routed to corresponding Tx antenna circuits 108 . In embodiments, the code is synchronized to the transmit payload by code synchronization logic 406.

At block 610, the instantaneous polarizations of the n Tx spatial streams traversing the n Tx antenna circuits 108 are toggled based on their corresponding polarization control codes 116 to provide simultaneous output to an OSSMBF capable receiver. , generates n separate mutually orthogonal or uncorrelated time-varying polarization OSSMBF streams 134 for co-channel interference-free directional transmission.

Accordingly, method 600 operates to perform transmit orthogonal stream multiplexing and beamforming according to one embodiment of the invention. It is noted that the operations of method 600 are exemplary and not exhaustive. In various embodiments, operations may be rearranged, modified, deleted, added, or modified in other ways depending on the embodiment.

FIG. 7 illustrates a method 700 for performing spatial multiplexing and beamforming of received orthogonal streams according to an embodiment of the invention. For example, in the exemplary embodiment, method 700 is suitable for use by OSSMBF_Rx 104 shown in FIG.

At block 702, n distinct simultaneous co-channel stepped carrier phase-coherent orthogonal or uncorrelated time-varying polarization OSSMBF streams are transmitted to the n Rx antenna circuits of an OSSMBF-enabled receiver. incident on each. For example, n OSSMBF streams 134 generated by OSSMBF_Tx 102 are received at each of n Rx antenna circuits 122 of OSSMBF_Rx 104.

At block 704, the n distinct time-varying binary codes generated at the MIMO transmitter code generator are equally regenerated at the MIMO receiver code generator and input to the n Rx antenna circuits. Additionally, a synchronization process is performed to adjust the timing of the MIMO receiver code with respect to that of the MIMO transmitter. For example, code synchronization logic 506 and code generator 504 within MIMO_Rx 120 may be combined for input to the corresponding Rx antenna circuit 122 (identical to the n codes 116 generated in code generator 404 of MIMO_Tx 106). generating n time-varying binary orthogonal or uncorrelated codes 130 (both synchronized and synchronized).

At block 706, the n time-varying polarization codes from the MIMO receiver code generator toggle the instantaneous polarization of their corresponding Rx antenna circuits, thereby generating n separate "matched polarization filters". ”, each of which transmits unsuppressed to the MIMO receiver only one received OSSMBF stream exhibiting the same time-varying polarization as that particular Rx antenna circuit, while suppressing all other OSSMBF streams. do. For example, n received OSSMBF streams 134 are simultaneously incident on Rx antenna circuit 122(1), and Rx polarization control signal 130(1) (indicating polarization code 1) is incident on Rx antenna circuit 122(1). ), only the OSSMBF stream transmitted from OSSMBF_Tx device 1_108 (1) (which is further time-varying polarized according to polarization code 1) is transmitted to OSSMBF_Rx device 122 without suppression. (1) and will propagate to MIMO_Rx 120 as a partially separated and released Rx spatial stream 128(1). All of the other n-1 OSSMBF streams included in 134 will be suppressed within Rx antenna circuit 122(1).

At block 708, the n partially separated and released Rx spatial streams output from the n OSSMBF_Rx devices are downconverted to baseband and binarized for MIMO_Rx processing. MIMO_Rx processing allows SNR maximization through highly directional reception, individual Rx spatial stream receive beamforming (e.g. carrier phase adjustment) and all remaining traces of the accompanying polarization suppressed OSSMBF stream to maximize SIR. This includes spatial demultiplexing that allows for The resulting n fully separated and released Rx radio streams to maximize SNR and SIR are then demodulated into digital streams and parallel-to-serial for aggregation into a single output RxData stream. converted. For example, RxBF_SDMX 502 inputs n Rx spatial streams 128 and processes them into a single RxData stream 108, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B. For example, the RxSDMX_BF 502 includes downconversion (552), A/D conversion (554), Rx beamforming (556), spatial demultiplexing (558), demodulation (560) and P/D as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B. The Rx spatial stream 128 is processed into output data via an S-transform (562).

At block 710, a received data stream at a data rate n×RMbps is output from an OSSMBF capable receiver. For example, RxData 132 is output from MIMO_Rx 120 in OSSMBF_Rx 104.

Accordingly, method 700 operates to perform spatial multiplexing and beamforming of receiver orthogonal streams according to one embodiment of the invention. It is noted that the operations of method 700 are exemplary and not exhaustive. In various embodiments, operations may be rearranged, modified, deleted, added, or modified in other ways depending on the embodiment.

In various embodiments, there are an infinite number of possible physical switchable polarization antenna element types, each potentially capable of several distinct polarizations for switching between orthogonal (HV or RHCP-LHCP) polarizations. As such, there are countless ways to change/substitute specific physical components without changing the fundamental operation as described herein.

Illustrative Embodiments In various illustrative embodiments, incorporating the OSSMBF methods and apparatus described herein into a traditional n-order MIMO spatial multiplexing and beamforming configured wireless link can reduce the data transfer rate of a single stream. resulting in a data transfer rate of up to n times , and an increase in communication range which in many cases also depends on n.

In an IEEE 802.11ax WLAN network embodiment, a method and apparatus for significant data rate and range enhancement in an emerging IEEE 802.11ax ("WiFi6" equivalent) WLAN network includes:
A. It comprises two WiFi6 transceivers (“WiFiTRX8”), each incorporating 8×8 MIMO spatial multiplexer/demultiplexer and beamformer, which supports eight stepped carrier phase coherent MCS11 (i.e. 1024QAM) at 5GHz. It can process 8×1201=9608 Mbps of TxData between the 160 MHz BW spatial stream, and is further equipped with an 8th order Walsh code generator.
B. Two 5GHz 2H×4W planar arrays (“AA2×4”) of selectable dual polarization (H/V) antenna elements with 0.47λ element spacing that can be configured as an OSSMBF_Tx/Rx device as described herein. ),
C. WiFi TRX8 and AA2×4 are configured into an OSSMBF_Tx102 WLAN access point device according to FIG. 1 and cooperate according to the transmission method of FIG. 6;
D. WiFi TRX8 and AA2x4 are configured in the OSSMBF_Rx104 WLAN client device according to FIG. 1 and cooperate according to the reception method of FIG. 7.

As a specific example of improving OSSMBF performance in an IEEE 802.11ax communication link, the transmitting apparatus and method described above may convert 9608 Mbps TxData 108 into an 8x5 GHz OSSMBF stream 134 featuring a directional transmit antenna gain of 13 dBi. Then, a corresponding receiving device and method may convert the OSSMBF stream back to 9608 Mbps RxData 132 while adding an additional 13 dBi of directional receive antenna gain. Such a link (i.e. the same OSSMBF equipment but without the OSSMBF method) of the legacy WiFi 6 standard can only carry 2×1201=2402 Mbps of data with a total directional antenna gain of 0 dBi. Therefore, OSSMBF on 8x8 WiFi6 is about (10 ^26/20 =) 20 times the data rate of (9608/2402 =) 4 times the communication range on traditional 8x8 WiFi6 itself. Deliver.

In a 5GmmW mobile cellular network embodiment, a method and apparatus for significantly increasing data transfer rates in an emerging 5GmmW mobile cellular network comprises:
A. A 5GmmW base station transmitter ("5GgNB32x8") incorporating a 32x32 MIMO spatial multiplexer and a 32x8 replicator-beamformer and a 32nd order Walsh code generator is provided. Each 5GgNB32x8 processes 1848Mbps of Tx data into one 256-QAM 400MHz spatial stream at 28GHz, producing 32 independent such spatial streams, replicating each stream by a factor of 8, resulting in independently and arbitrarily coherently offset the carrier phase of each stream transmitted to the UE for a total of 256 step-phase coherent co-channel equal amplitude, modulation and bandwidth 28 GHz MIMO_Tx streams (32 ×1848=59136Mbps of TxData) can be generated,
B. comprising a 28 GHz 16H×16W planar array (“AA16×16”) of selectable dual polarization (H/V) antenna elements with 0.47λ element spacing configured as an OSSMBF_Tx device as described herein;
C. A 5GmmW user equipment receiver ("5GUE32") incorporating a 32x32 MIMO beamformer and spatial demultiplexer and a 32nd order Walsh code generator is provided. Each 5GUE 32 can directionally receive and demodulate 32 28GHz 256-QAM, 400MHz BW spatial streams for aggregation into RxData;
D. comprising a 28 GHz 4H×8W planar array (“AA4×8”) of selectable dual polarization (H/V) antenna elements with 0.47λ element spacing configured as an OSSMBF_Rx device as described herein;
E. 5GgNB32x8 and AA16x16 are configured into an OSSMBF_Tx102 cellular base station device according to FIG. 1 and cooperate according to the transmission method of FIG. 6,
F. 5GUE32 and AA4x8 are configured into an OSSMBF_Rx104 cellular UE device according to FIG. 1 and cooperate according to the method of FIG.

As a specific example of improving OSSMBF performance in emerging 5GmmW mobile cellular networks, the transmitting apparatus and method described above can be applied to 256 OSSMBF streams 134 transmitted as thousands of sequential individual pencil beam wavefronts at 28GHz. For orthogonal time-varying polarizations, 59136 Mbps of TxData 108 may be converted into 32 8x replicated and phase-shifted Tx spatial streams. Meanwhile, a corresponding collection of thousands of receiving devices and methods may separate each individual pencil beam wavefront (again in the collection) into 32 Rx spatial streams for recovery of 59136 Mbps of RxData 132. It should be noted that the 5G spatial multiplexing technology currently under consideration, which employs the same OSSMBF equipment but eliminates the OSSMBF method, will only result in an aggregate data transfer of up to 2 x 1848 = 3696 Mbps, resulting in a total of 1 for this particular OSSMBF configuration. /16.

In the IEEE 802.11ax WAN network embodiment, the contemplated method and apparatus for a high-capacity WiFi 6-based wide area Internet distributed network includes:
A. It comprises two WiFi-6 transceivers (“WiFiTRX32”) each incorporating 32×32 MIMO spatial multiplexers and beamformers, each of which transmits 32×1201=38432 Mbps of Tx/Rx data in 32 steps. a carrier phase coherent MCS 11, processing a 160 MHz spatial stream at 5 GHz, further equipped with a 32nd order Walsh code generator,
B. Two 5GHz 4H×8W planar arrays (“AA4×8”) of selectable dual polarization (H/V) antenna elements with 0.47λ element spacing configured as an OSSMBF_Tx/Rx device as described herein. ),
C. One WiFi TRX 32 and one AA4x8 are configured into an OSSMBF_Tx102 WAN base station device according to FIG. 1 and cooperate according to the transmission method of FIG. 6,
D. The WiFi TRX 32 and one AA4x8 are configured into an OSSMBF_Rx104WAN_CPE receiver according to FIG. 1 and operate according to the reception method of FIG. 7.

As a specific example of improving OSSMBF performance in such a WiFi-6 based WAN base station link to a CPE, the transmitting apparatus and method described above utilizes 32 paired antennas with a directional Tx+Rx antenna processing gain of approximately 42 dB. A 1201 Mbps OSSMBF stream (38432 Mbps net data transfer) may be synthesized. Such performance can be achieved in large cities with 25Gbps base stations delivering 60/60/24/7 20Mbps Internet to 2000 users within ^20km2 at a fraction of the cost users currently pay for cable or DSL. wireless networks.

In a LEO satellite communications network embodiment, a method and apparatus for significantly increasing data transfer rates in an emerging LEO satellite communications network includes:
A. It incorporates a 128 x 128 MIMO spatial multiplexer and a 128 x 8 replicator beamformer, a 128th order Walsh code generator, processes 1440 Mbps TxData into one 64-APSK 250 MHz signal at 40.0 GHz, and processes 128 independent generate such spatial streams, replicate each spatial stream by a factor of 8, and independently and coherently offset the carrier phase of each resulting spatial stream to provide up to 470 km downlink to the user ground terminal. a LEOSAT satellite terminal transmitter (“LEOSTX128×8”) capable of generating a total of 1024 Tx spatial streams (carrying up to 128×1440=184.3 Gbps) for the link;
B. Incorporates 1024/8 beamformer combiner, 128x128 MIMO spatial demultiplexer and 128th order Walsh code generator to receive 1024 40.0GHz 64-APSK, 250MHz spatial streams directionally from low earth orbit a LEOSAT ground terminal receiver (“LEOSRX1024/8”) capable of recovering its specific RxData;
C. Two 40.0 GHz 32H×32W planar arrays (“AA32×32”) of selectable dual polarization (LHCP/RHCP) antenna elements with 0.47λ element spacing configured as OSSMBF_Tx/Rx as described herein. ) and,
D. LEOSTX128x8 and one AA32x32 are configured in an OSSMBF_Tx102 satellite device according to Fig. 1 and cooperate according to the transmission method of Fig. 6;
E. LEOSRX 1024/8 and one AA32x32 are configured in the OSSMBF_Rx 104 ground equipment according to FIG. 1 and cooperate according to the reception method of FIG. 7.

As a specific example of such a contemplated OSSMBF performance improvement in the LEO satellite to ground link, the transmitting apparatus and method described above can be used to improve the performance of a LEOSAT network of 7518 orbiters, each comprising 18 of the LEOSTX 128, compared to the current It may be possible to deliver 60/60/24/7 20Mbps Internet to a 2B_LEOSRX128 ground station located somewhere on the earth at a much lower cost than cable or DSL.

Illustrative aspects of the invention will be more fully understood from the detailed description of various embodiments of the invention and the accompanying drawings, which should be construed to limit the invention to the particular embodiments. should not be used, and are for explanation and understanding purposes only. For example, many of the embodiments described herein only refer to vertical and horizontal polarization methods. The present invention works equally well, without limitation, if right-handed and left-handed circularly polarized (eg, RHCP, LHCP) polarization techniques are employed instead.

A method and apparatus for orthogonal stream spatial multiplexing and beamforming ("OSSMBF") in wireless communications is disclosed. In one embodiment, the OSSMBF method involves demultiplexing, modulating, MIMO spatially multiplexing, and transmit beamforming the outgoing data stream into n Tx spatial streams and combining them with simultaneous co-channel mutual interference. for directional transmission without coupling to corresponding selectable polarization antennas controlled via binary orthogonal or uncorrelated codes in the OSSMBF transmitter. Each individual such OSSMBF stream transmitted appears as time-varying polarization orthogonal or uncorrelated and step-phase coherent with respect to n-1 other OSSMBF streams. The method ends with the reception of the n OSSMBF streams at the destination OSSMBF receiver using n corresponding selectable polarization antennas controlled by the same set of distinct binary codes. In this manner, each of the n received OSSMBF streams is polarization-matched filtered and subsequently received beamformed and spatially separated into fully separated and freed streams for demodulation and digital aggregation back into the outgoing data stream. For demultiplexing, it is partially separated and released from all others depending on the detection at its corresponding antenna. The methods and apparatus described herein apply to arbitrarily large values of n, emanate from a common source and carry distinct data characterized by equal amplitude, modulation, and bandwidth, and mutually orthogonal time variations. This means that n MIMO spatial streams exhibiting polarization and stepped carrier phase coherence simultaneously propagate to a single destination in a common directional carrier on the same frequency channel without mutual interference. Additionally, the n-order OSSMBF method and apparatus may multiply the data transfer rate of a fixed frequency, modulation, and bandwidth wireless channel by a factor of n, and its communication range may be a multiple of a proportional amount to n.

While particular embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described, it will be appreciated that changes and modifications may be made based on the teachings herein without departing from these illustrative embodiments of the invention and its broader aspects. It will be clear to business operators. It is therefore intended that the following claims cover within their scope all such modifications and variations as may fall within the true spirit and scope of this exemplary embodiment of the invention.

Claims (20)

A transmitter device,
A MIMO transmitter that receives a data stream and generates multiple RF_Tx spatial streams that are spatially encoded for simultaneous co-channel transmission and transmit beamformed for precise spatial direction radiation. and,
a code generator that generates a plurality of distinct polarization control signals;
a plurality of transmit antenna circuits for receiving the plurality of Tx spatial streams and the plurality of polarization control signals and generating a plurality of separate polarization radiation streams, each transmit antenna circuit comprising:
first and second orthogonally polarized transmit antenna elements;
an RF switch selectively connecting a Tx spatial stream to the first and second orthogonally polarized transmit antenna elements based on corresponding polarization control signals;
a plurality of transmitting antenna circuits comprising;
A device comprising: 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the MIMO transmitter comprises a data splitter, a wireless modulator, a MIMO spatial multiplexer, and a transmit beamformer. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the data splitter and the wireless modulator combine multiple equal amplitude, modulation and bandwidth Tx wireless streams from the data stream. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the MIMO spatial multiplexer spatially encodes the plurality of Tx radio streams into the plurality of Tx spatial streams that can be transmitted simultaneously on the same channel without mutual interference. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the transmit beamformer adjusts the carrier phase of each Tx spatial stream so that they can radiate in the precise spatial direction. The code generator combines a plurality of separate digital, binary, time-varying orthogonal or uncorrelated sequential polarization control signals, and the MIMO transmitter combines the plurality of polarization control signals at a symbol rate of the Tx spatial stream. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising synchronization logic for synchronizing. The first and second orthogonally polarized transmit antenna elements of the transmit antenna circuit are configured to provide one of horizontal and vertical orthogonality or right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) and left-handed circular polarization (LHCP) orthogonality. The apparatus of claim 1, configured to. A receiver device,
each detecting a plurality of simultaneous co-channel stepped carrier phase coherent separately polarized RF radiation streams and receiving a separate one of a plurality of polarization control signals; a plurality of receive antenna circuits outputting Rx spatial streams comprising two unsuppressed polarization filtered radiation streams, each receive antenna circuit comprising:
first and second orthogonally polarized receive antenna elements;
an RF switch selectively connecting the outputs of the first and second orthogonally polarized receive antenna elements to a MIMO receiver based on corresponding polarization control signals;
a plurality of receiving antenna circuits comprising;
the plurality of polarization control signals and data streams from the plurality of Rx spatial streams that are spatially decoded to complete simultaneous co-channel transmission and receive beamformed for accurate spatial direction detection; the MIMO receiver that generates;
A device comprising: 9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the first and second orthogonally polarized receive antenna elements are configured to provide one of horizontal and vertical orthogonality or RHCP and LHCP orthogonality. The MIMO receiver includes:
a code generator for synthesizing a plurality of separate digital, binary, time-varying orthogonal or uncorrelated sequential polarization control signals, each polarization control signal being associated with a corresponding received radiation stream; ,
synchronization logic that synchronizes the plurality of polarization control signals at symbol rates of their corresponding radiation streams;
9. The apparatus of claim 8, comprising: 9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the MIMO receiver comprises a receive beamformer, a MIMO spatial demultiplexer, a radio demodulator, and a digital data combiner. 12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the receive beamformer adjusts the carrier phase of each Rx spatial stream such that each is detectable from the precise spatial direction. 12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the MIMO spatial demultiplexer spatially decodes the plurality of Rx spatial streams into the plurality of Rx radio streams for subsequent demodulation and digital aggregation into a data stream. A transmission operation that converts a data stream into multiple simultaneous co-channel stepped carrier phase-coherent directionally radiated RF streams, each radiated stream having a separate polarization from the other radiated streams. a sending operation,
a receiving operation of directionally detecting a plurality of simultaneous co-channel stepped carrier phase coherent separately polarized radiated RF streams, the detected plurality of radiated streams being directed to the data stream; a receive operation that is polarization filtered for subsequent conversion;
How to prepare. The transmitting operation includes radiating the plurality of radiation streams in distinct spatial directions from a plurality of corresponding transmit antennas, each transmit antenna having a separate time-varying orthogonal or uncorrelated radiation stream depending on its corresponding radiation stream. affects the sequential polarization of
The receiving operation includes detecting the plurality of radiation streams from distinct spatial directions at each of a plurality of receiving antennas, each receiving antenna having its detection equally corresponding to the polarization of one selected radiation stream. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the method affects separate time-varying orthogonal or uncorrelated sequential polarization filtering depending on the plurality of radiation streams transmitted. 16. The transmitting operation and the receiving operation provide selectable vertical and horizontal polarization or right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) and left-handed circular polarization (LHCP) based on a polarization control signal. the method of. The transmitting operations include polarizing a plurality of Tx spatial streams at a plurality of corresponding transmit antennas based on a plurality of corresponding discrete time-varying binary orthogonal or uncorrelated sequential polarization control signals. a radiant stream;
The receive operation polarization filters the detected plurality of radiation streams at corresponding plurality of receive antennas using the same polarization control signal associated with the transmit operation, such that each receive antenna: Acts as a separate matched polarization filter outputting partially separated and released Rx spatial streams comprising one unsuppressed polarization filtered radiation stream and a plurality of residual suppressed polarization filtered radiation streams. 17. The method of claim 16. The transmit operations include splitting and modulating the input data stream into multiple Tx radio streams, and then MIMO spatially multiplexing and transmit beamforming the streams to multiple concurrent stepped carrier phase streams on the same channel. further comprising coherent equal amplitude, modulation and bandwidth Tx spatial streams;
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the receive operations further include receive beamforming, MIMO spatial demultiplexing, radio demodulation, and digital aggregation of multiple Rx spatial streams to generate an output data stream. The MIMO spatial multiplexing operations include spatially encoding multiple Tx radio streams into multiple Tx spatial streams that can be transmitted simultaneously on the same channel without mutual interference;
The operation of the MIMO spatial demultiplexing includes the simultaneous and identical operation of the plurality of simultaneous and identical 20. The method of claim 18, comprising spatially decoding an Rx spatial stream of a channel into multiple fully separated and released Rx radio streams for subsequent demodulation into multiple digital streams. The transmit beamforming operation includes influencing multiple Tx spatial streams by stepped carrier phase coherence to enable radiation in a precise spatial direction;
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the receive beamforming operation includes influencing multiple Rx spatial streams with stepped carrier phase coherence to enable detection from precise spatial directions.

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