JP2022188748A - Sensory stimulation therapy instrument using lcd sunglasses - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a sensory stimulation therapy instrument for performing therapy or prevention of nerve disease by using light stimulation and sound stimulation repeating in a constant cycle using LCD sunglasses in which malfunction such as variations of therapy effect is prevented.SOLUTION: It is necessary to maintain "phase difference Δ θ between light and sound" in a constant value adapted therapeutically in order to prevent variations of therapy effect, even when adjusting the brightness and the flicker intensity of LCD sunglasses. Then, the timing of generating the sound stimulation as "phase lag θ s of the sound" is automatically adjusted on the basis of an equation of θs=θL+Δθ, in response to variation of a waveform of a target value of permeability control and "phase lag θ L of the light" caused by responsiveness and nonlinearity of an LCD element.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to the functional connection of the brain by inducing electroencephalograms using periodic therapeutic light and sound stimulation for rehabilitation after cerebral infarction and treatment and prevention of neurological diseases including vascular MCI. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to LCD sunglasses for therapeutic devices that improve performance, and more particularly to technology for preventing problems such as variations in therapeutic effects.

<Sensory stimulation therapy>
Since before 2015, the structure of a large-scale brain network related to the functional connectivity of the brain (Non-Patent Document 2) has been studied, and the idea of using electronic technology to generate electroencephalograms to treat neurological diseases (e.g. Patent Document 4) has begun to be proposed.
In 2016, as a disease modifying therapy with 40 Hz stimulation to treat Alzheimer's dementia by a sensory stimulation therapy device that induces brain waves using therapeutic light and sound stimulation that repeats at a fixed cycle (Non-Patent Document 1) The animal experiment (Non-Patent Document 4, Patent Document 1) was successful, and the second phase trial of sensory stimulation therapy GENUS (registered trademark) was completed safely and successfully in human clinical research (Non-Patent Document 5, Non-Patent Document 6) is expected to further expand the range of use of sensory stimulation therapy instruments in the future.

<Operating Principle of Sensory Stimulation Therapy Device>
Techniques for inducing brain waves with light and sound stimulation are called SSVEP (Steady State Visual Evoked Potential) and ASSR (Auditory Steady State Response), SSVEP for occipital region and ASSR for frontal region. Electroencephalography (EEG) electrodes placed on the head and top of the head (Non-Patent Document 7).
In addition, regarding SSVEP, visual stimulation with light with a frequency of 1 Hz to 100 Hz has been studied, and it has been confirmed that brain waves are induced corresponding to frequency components of 90 Hz or higher contained in the applied light stimulation (non-patent Reference 8). For example, in the case of stimulation by light with a repetitive waveform of 40 Hz, a sinusoidal electroencephalogram with a fundamental frequency of 40 Hz and a second harmonic of 80 Hz is generated corresponding to the Fourier series expansion (or FFT analysis result) of the repetitive waveform. sell. However, the fundamental frequency of 40 Hz is expected to have a therapeutic effect.

<Notes on the phase difference of stimulation to different brain regions>
Non-Patent Document 3 states that when ``stimulation is applied separately to different brain regions'', cognitive impairment is improved by adjusting the stimulation phase angle (same relative opposite phase), or conversely, impairment is induced. This is an important study with examples.
Specifically, there is a cross-frequency coupling between the prefrontal cortex and the temporal region called "Phase-Amplitude Coupling (PAC) between the frequency of theta waves (4-8 Hz) and the frequency of gamma waves (25 Hz or higher)", Theta-gamma PAC in temporal regions and theta-phase synchrony between prefrontal and temporal regions are impaired in older individuals with working memory deficits. In this study, we used transcranial alternate current stimulation (tACS) designed to desynchronize cortical interactions between frontotemporal regions to improve working memory deficits in subjects. The results of experiments in which the disorder was rapidly induced are introduced.
In the case of perceptual stimulation therapy, light stimulation generates brain waves in the back of the head, and sound stimulation generates brain waves in the front and parietal regions. There are known cases of adverse events such as (Patent Document 6).

<Two means of providing light stimulation in sensory stimulation therapy>
There are two types of sensory stimulation therapy: a method that uses LED (light emitting diode) elements as a source of stimulating light that blinks, and a method that uses LCD (liquid crystal) elements to blink the light coming from the surrounding environment as stimulating light. There is
Techniques that provide light stimulation with a blinking LED light source (Patent Document 1, Non-Patent Document 4, Non-Patent Document 5, Non-Patent Document 6) are easy to control and are gaining success in Western countries. However, it cannot be combined with exercise therapy or cognitive therapy because the patient must stare at a bright, blinking LED light source in the dark.
On the other hand, different inventors in Japan and the United States simultaneously invented LCD sunglasses, in which LCD (liquid crystal) elements are arranged in the lenses of the sunglasses so that ambient light can be used as a light source while walking outdoors or playing games indoors. Patent Document 2, Japanese Patent Document 3), and techniques to overcome the difficulty of controlling to demonstrate high potential (Patent Document 5, Patent Document 6) are also developing, but exercise therapy and cognitive therapy In order to realize a "consistent therapeutic effect" in combination with and to promote practical application, there were still important issues to be resolved.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 2019-502429 US-A1-2020/0108270 JP 2022-002674 A Japanese Patent Publication No. 2015-519096 Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-174199 Japanese Patent Application No. 2022-043680

Nemoto, “Future Nootropics, Fundamental Dementia Treatments Awaiting Future Development,” MEDICINAL, 2012/5 Vol. 2, No. 5, 120~ Vinod Menon. , "Large-scale brain networks and psychopathology: a unifying triple network model", Trends Cogn Sci. 2011 Oct;15(10):483-506 Robert M. G. Reinhart et al., "Working memory revived in older adults by synchronizing rhythmic brain circuits," Nature Neuroscience volume 22, pages 820-827 (2019) Hannah F Iaccarino, Li-Huei Tsai et al., "Gamma frequency entrainment attenuates amyloid load and modifications microglia", Nature. 2016 Dec 7;540(7632):230-235. Diane Chan et. Diane Chan et al., "Gamma Frequency Sensory Stimulation in Probable Mild Alzheimer's Dementia Patients: Results of a Preliminary Clinical Trial," MedRxiv, Posted May 2. 17, 2017. Rafal Kus et al., "Integrated trimodal SSEP experimental setup for visual, auditory and tactile stimulation," J Neural Eng. 2017 Dec;14(6) Christoph S. Ｈ、”Ｈｕｍａｎ ＥＥＧ ｒｅｓｐｏｎｓｅｓ ｔｏ １－１００ Ｈｚ ｆｌｉｃｋｅｒ： ｒｅｓｏｎａｎｃｅ ｐｈｅｎｏｍｅｎａ ｉｎ ｖｉｓｕａｌ ｃｏｒｔｅｘ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅｉｒ ｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ ｃｏｒｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎ ｔｏ ｃｏｇｎｉｔｉｖｅ ｐｈｅｎｏｍｅｎａ”、Ｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔａｌ Ｂｒａｉｎ Ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ ｖｏｌｕｍｅ １３７、 ｐａｇｅｓ３４６－３５３ （２００１）

In sensory stimulation therapy, in which brain waves are induced by using therapeutic light and sound stimuli that are repeated at a fixed cycle, the “phase difference Δθ between light and sound” may vary from person to person, but for example, Δθ is around 0 degrees. It is necessary to manage to maintain a safe number that does not cause headaches.
Also, if Δθ = about 45 degrees, although there may be individual differences, it may cause some drowsiness and a slight headache. is a topic for future research.
However, when Δθ is 90 degrees or more, the brain waves generated in the occipital region stimulated by light and the frontal and parietal regions stimulated by sound may be significantly affected by phase interference and cancellation. , .DELTA..theta..gtoreq.90.degree.

There are two types of perceptual stimulation therapy: a method that uses an LED (light emitting diode) element as a source of stimulating light that blinks, and a method that uses an LCD (liquid crystal) element to flicker incident light from the surrounding environment and use it as stimulating light. It has already been introduced in Background Art.

The former method, which uses an LED element as a light source, can arbitrarily control the blinking of light at high speed and with high accuracy, so it has the advantage of being easy to manage to keep the phase difference Δθ between light and sound within a certain range.
On the other hand, since the patient needs to keep staring at the blinking light in the dark, it is not possible to combine exercise therapy and cognitive therapy while the patient sees the surrounding environment. It is in.

The latter method, in which the ambient light is blinked by the LCD element, has a therapeutic advantage in that the patient can be treated while observing the surroundings by combining exercise therapy and cognitive therapy.
On the other hand, since the response of the LCD element is slow and the nonlinearity is remarkable, when the patient adjusts the brightness of the lens of the LCD sunglasses and the intensity of flickering, the time-series waveform of the transmittance of the LCD element is greatly distorted, resulting in the difference between light and sound. It is difficult to manage the phase difference .DELTA..theta.

Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to "maintain and manage the phase difference Δθ between light and sound within a certain value range" while using an LCD device that can be treated by combining exercise therapy and cognitive therapy. This is to prevent variations in therapeutic effects and the occurrence of adverse events.

The therapeutic instrument for sensory stimulation therapy of the present invention generates light stimulation using LCD sunglasses incorporating LCD elements as sunglasses lenses, and generates sound stimulation using acoustic equipment such as earphones, headphones, and speakers. .

In the treatment and prevention of neurological diseases, it is necessary to design the brightness and flickering intensity of LCD sunglasses lenses to be adjustable, taking into consideration the weak eyesight and declining cognitive functions of the elderly.
However, it is possible to adjust the brightness of the lens and flicker intensity by changing the settings such as the waveform that drives the LCD element, the drive voltage, and the transmittance target value. and sound phase difference Δθ” cannot be managed by keeping it within a certain value range.

In the present invention, (1) after investigating the mechanism by which the "phase difference Δθ between light and sound" fluctuates, (2) when the settings such as the waveform for driving the LCD element, the driving voltage, and the transmittance target value are changed Quantitatively grasp the magnitude of the fluctuation amount of Δθ in, and (3) implement management to keep the “phase difference Δθ between light and sound” within a certain value range by taking the measures shown in Example 4. is the most important feature.

<1. Investigating the mechanism by which the "phase difference Δθ between light and sound" fluctuates＞
Details will be described with reference to FIG. 2(e), but the gist is as follows.
First, point A is the moment when the audiovisual control device 50 sends out a drive signal for stimulating light.
Secondly, the period from point A to the moment when the stimulus of light occurs (point B) is defined as "light phase delay θL".
Third, let Δθ be the phase difference from point B to the moment when the sound stimulus is generated (point C).
Fourthly, from point A to point C is defined as "sound phase delay θs".

When the problem is sorted out in this way, the inventor has noticed that the relational expression Δθ=θs−θL always holds among points A, B, and C, as shown in FIG. 2(e). Furthermore, the inventors have also noticed that the "light phase delay θL" changes significantly when the brightness of the lens of the LCD sunglasses and the intensity of flickering are adjusted.
Therefore, if θs is always maintained at a constant value without paying attention to the relational expression of Δθ=θs−θL as in the conventional art, it is obvious that if θL fluctuates significantly, Δθ will also fluctuate significantly. .
In this way, the inventor has investigated the mechanism by which the "phase difference Δθ between light and sound" fluctuates significantly.

<2. Quantitative Understanding of “Phase Delay θL of Light”>
If the setting of the waveform for driving the LCD element, the drive voltage, the transmittance target value, etc. is changed, the waveform of the control target value itself changes first. Furthermore, the waveform is distorted due to the nonlinearity and response delay of the LCD element, so the phase delay θL of the light fluctuates greatly.

A therapeutic instrument for sensory stimulation therapy generates electroencephalograms by the phenomenon of SSVEP caused by light stimulation. In other words, in the frequency range of 1 Hz to 90 Hz or more, the treatment device of sensory stimulation therapy that gives light stimulation that blinks at a constant repetition frequency uses the phenomenon that brain waves with the same frequency as the "fundamental frequency" of the light stimulation are generated. doing.
Therefore, in identifying the timing (point B) at which the optical stimulus occurs, it is appropriate to focus on and analyze the waveform of the "fundamental frequency" included in the distorted waveform of the optical stimulus.

Therefore, in the present invention, after paying attention to the waveform of the sine wave as the "fundamental frequency", (a) the driving voltage is a rectangular wave, and when the level of the duty ratio is changed, (b) the driving voltage is a rectangular wave, When the level of the upper limit value or the lower limit value is changed while the duty ratio is fixed at 50%, (c) When the waveform of the relative transmittance P is a sine wave and the level of the upper limit value or the lower limit value of the control target value is changed , the relationship between the "light phase delay θL" and the brightness of the lens and the intensity of flickering was quantitatively measured and grasped.

<3. take measures>
First, it was clarified above that the relationship Δθ=θs−θL always holds between the “phase difference Δθ between light and sound”, the “phase delay θL of light”, and the “phase delay θs of sound”. .
Next, "light phase delay θL" when waveform settings such as the drive voltage for driving the LCD element and the transmittance target value are changed in order to adjust the brightness of the lens of the LCD sunglasses and the intensity of flickering. was quantitatively measured and grasped as described above.

Then, in order to keep the "phase difference Δθ between light and sound" at a desired constant value, the relationship of Δθ=θs−θL always holds θs=θL+Δθ. Every time the control loop for each sampling time is executed, the “light phase delay θL” is estimated by an approximate expression, and the sound stimulus is generated at the timing when the value of the “sound phase delay θs” matches θs=θL+Δθ. Just do it.
This is the countermeasure taken in the present invention, and a case where the countermeasure is taken using the data of the "optical phase delay θL" measured in the third embodiment will be described in the fourth embodiment.

As a result, according to the present invention, the "phase difference Δθ between light and sound" can be maintained and managed at a constant value even when the brightness of the lens of the LCD sunglasses and the intensity of flickering are adjusted.
However, to be precise, since the phase separation is discretized due to the influence of the sampling time of the audiovisual control device 50, the setting accuracy (resolution) of the "phase difference Δθ between light and sound" is Restricted by the number of loops. (In the present invention, an example in which the number of loops per cycle is divided into 100 times when the frequency is 40 Hz will be introduced.)
In other words, the present invention realizes a technique for maintaining and managing the "phase difference Δθ between light and sound" within a certain "error range" due to the resolution value.

With the LCD sunglasses of the present invention, even if the brightness of the lens and the intensity of flickering are adjusted, the "phase difference Δθ between light and sound" can be maintained within a certain range of error and managed. Problems such as variations and adverse events can be prevented.

Since the problem has been solved in this way, LCD sunglasses can be put into practical use as a quality-controlled therapeutic device, and can contribute not only to academic research on medical care but also to industrial fields such as clinical medicine, nursing, and digital medicine.

Description of representative drawings of the present invention Phase synchronization and phase difference between light and sound stimuli Procedure for extracting the time-series waveform of the fundamental frequency component Hardware common to the embodiments of the present invention Software configuration common to the embodiments of the present invention Hardware configuration for "square-wave drive voltage and variable duty ratio" (Embodiment 1) Flowchart for "changing the duty ratio when the drive voltage is a square wave" (Embodiment 1) Example of analysis in which the drive voltage is a square wave and the duty ratio is changed (Embodiment 1) Hardware configuration for changing the upper and lower limits with a rectangular wave drive voltage (Embodiment 2) Flowchart for "changing the upper limit and lower limit with a square wave driving voltage" (Embodiment 2) Analysis example in which "the drive voltage is a square wave and the upper and lower limits are changed" (Example 2) Transmittance control target is sine wave, method of changing upper limit and lower limit (Example 3) Flow chart for changing the upper limit value and the lower limit value when the transmittance control target is a sine wave (Embodiment 3) "Analysis example in which the transmittance control target is a sine wave and the upper and lower limits are changed (Example 3) Hardware configuration for "automatically readjusting the sound phase delay θs" (Embodiment 4) Flowchart for "automatically readjusting the phase delay θs of sound" (Embodiment 4) Software configuration for setting the control target of the specific transmittance P to a stepped waveform (Example 5) Analysis result of stepped waveform (Example 5) Modification of method for determining point A Modification of method for determining point B

<Explanation of representative diagrams of the present invention>
FIG. 1 is a representative diagram of the present invention and outlines LCD sunglasses 10 .
FIG. 1(a) is an example of how to use the LCD sunglasses 10 that are worn in the same way as normal sunglasses, and in this figure, a sound stimulus 210 is heard through earphones 168. FIG.
FIG. 1(b) is a block diagram of a sensory stimulation therapy device 20 including LCD sunglasses 10 with LCD elements 60 arranged on left and right lenses 80 as a visual stimulator 30, and earphones 168 as auditory stimulators 40 together with an audiovisual stimulator. It operates by receiving a drive signal from the control device 50 .

FIG. 1(c) is a conceptual diagram of control and measurement of the relative transmittance of the LCD sunglasses 10. FIG. The time-series waveform of incident light Li incident on the LCD element 60 from a light source such as an LED element driven by a DC power supply has a constant value as shown.
Therefore, if the applied voltage for driving the LCD element 60 is adjusted to control the waveform of the relative transmittance P(t) as shown, the waveform of the transmitted light Lo changes similarly to the waveform of the relative transmittance P(t). A current detected by an illuminance sensor (phototransistor) for the brightness (illuminance) of the transmitted light Lo flows through the emitter resistor and is measured as a voltage drop Vr(t).

If k1 and k2 are coefficients, there is a relationship of Pt(t)=k1*Lo(t)=k2*Vr(t). Therefore, in order to observe the waveform of the specific transmittance P(t), the waveform of the voltage Vr(t) should be measured.
The time-series waveform of the relative transmittance P is defined by P(t)=(time-series waveform Lo(t) of illuminance of transmitted light)/(maximum value Lomax of illuminance of transmitted light). Therefore, the relative transmittance P is a numerical value between 100% and 0%.
Incidentally, the actual transmittance Q is defined as Q=(illuminance of transmitted light Lo)/(illuminance of incident light Li), and actual transmittance Q is a numerical value of about 50% to 30%.

≪1. Mechanism of fluctuation of "phase difference Δθ between light and sound"≫
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the phase difference when the light stimulus 200 and the sound stimulus 210 that are periodically repeated are phase-synchronized.
FIGS. 2( a )-( d ) are examples of sensory stimulation therapy devices 20 that use fast-response light emitters 150 such as LED devices as light sources for light stimulation 200 .
In FIG. 2(a), light is blinked at a repetition frequency of 40.0 Hz (cycle of 25.0 milliseconds). When the elapsed time is 0 milliseconds, the phase angle is 0 degrees, and the LED element is energized to emit light from an extinguished state (logical value 0) to a brightly lit state (logical value 1). Furthermore, at the timing of the phase angle of 0 degrees, a signal is output to the acoustic device to give the patient a sound stimulus 210 . As the stimulus sound, for example, a click sound with a pulse width of about 1 millisecond can be used.
In this state, the "phase difference Δθ between light and sound" is 0 degrees.

In FIG. 2(b), the LED element as the light source of the light stimulus 200 emits light at a phase angle of 0 degrees, and the timing of generating the stimulus sound is delayed by 90 degrees and a signal is output to the acoustic device to give the sound stimulus 210. indicates the state of
In this state, the "phase difference Δθ between light and sound" is 90 degrees.

FIG. 2(c) is the same phase as the fundamental frequency component of the square wave with a duty ratio of 50%, and the average value of the original square wave is calculated so that the upper limit value and the lower limit value overlap with the original square wave. It is a diagram depicting a waveform of a sine wave added as an offset, and has a "characteristic of intersecting with the average value of the original rectangular wave while increasing at the moment when the phase of the original rectangular wave is 0 degree".

FIG. 2(d) is a diagram in which the LED element is controlled to emit light so that the brightness of the light is proportional to the value obtained by adding the offset value to the fundamental frequency component of the rectangular wave with a duty ratio of 50%. is. In this figure, a signal is output to an acoustic device to generate a sound stimulus 210 at a timing when the phase of the light stimulus 200 is delayed by a phase difference of 90 degrees from the phase of 0 degrees. Even in this state, the "phase difference Δθ between light and sound" is 90 degrees.

2(a) to 2(d) described the sensory stimulation therapy device 20 using the light emitter 150, the LED light source that produces the light stimulus 200 has a high-speed response of 100 kHz or more, and the sound stimulus 210. The acoustic equipment that emits sound has a high-speed response of 10 kHz or more, and all of them have a linear response characteristic of the output with respect to the input and are easy to control.
Therefore, when a repetitive waveform with a fundamental frequency of 100 Hz or less is generated, the phase difference Δθ between light and sound can be accurately set to an arbitrary value.

FIG. 2( e ) is an example of a sensory stimulation therapy device 20 that uses an LCD element 60 as a source of light stimulation 200 . The responsiveness of the LCD element 60 is at most about 0.3 kHz, which is a low speed. In addition, the output (relative transmittance P) has a nonlinear response characteristic with respect to the input (applied voltage), and the waveform easily changes. It is difficult to control because the
On the other hand, the acoustic device that emits the sound stimulus 210 has a high-speed response of 10 kHz or more, has a linear response characteristic of the output with respect to the input, and is easy to control.
Therefore, the idea of the present invention is to compensate for the poor controllability of the light stimulus 200 by skillfully controlling the timing of the sound stimulus 210, which will be described in detail below.

The bottom part of FIG. 2(e) is a diagram schematically showing execution timing of a control loop executed by the audiovisual control device 50 at each sampling interval of 0.25 milliseconds. In this example, one period of 25 milliseconds with a repetition frequency of 40.0 Hz is divided into 100, and numbers from 0 to 99 are given as loop number variables Loop_Num. Loop number 0 has a phase angle of 0 degrees and corresponds to the 0th second as the starting point of one cycle of control.

The second stage from the bottom in FIG. It is a rectangular wave with a duty ratio of 50% that outputs a value of 0.
The moment when the logic value rises from the logic value 0 to the logic value 1 at the loop number 0 is called the A point.

The third row from the bottom (that is, the second row from the top) of FIG. As described above, if the incident light Li in FIG. 1(c) is constant and k1 and k2 are coefficients, there is a relationship of Pt(t)=k1*Lo(t)=k2*Vr(t). That is, the time-series waveform of the light stimulus 200 in FIG. 2 is similar to the relative transmittance Pt(t) of the LCD element 60, the brightness Lo(t) of the emitted light, and the voltage Vr(t) of the illuminance sensor. The phases match.
In other words, the solid-line graph of the light stimulus 200 in FIG. also shows the waveform of The waveform of the dotted line in this graph is the average value Vr. Represents the value to which ave is added.
This fundamental frequency component Vrf1 is added to the average value Vr. While the value added with ave is increasing, the average value Vr. The moment of intersection with ave is called point B.

In this audiovisual control device 50, since it is controlled to output the light stimulus 200 from the moment of point A of loop number 0, if the response of the LCD element 60 is the same high speed response as that of the LED element, point A and point B almost overlap. However, since the response of the LCD element 60 is actually very slow, the point B is delayed from the point A.
Therefore, the phase delay from point A to point B is called "optical phase delay θL", and the measurement results of the LCD element 60 of the actual LCD sunglasses 10 are shown in Example 1, Example 2, and Example 3. 5.

The fourth row from the bottom (that is, the top row) in FIG. This indicates the timing for generating sound stimulation 210 from this audiovisual control device 50 to an acoustic device such as earphones 168 as auditory stimulator 40 . The starting point of the timing for repeating the generation of the sound stimulus 210 from the sounding body 160 is called point C. FIG.
The phase difference from point B to point C in the drawing is the "phase difference Δθ between light and sound", and a value suitable for the purpose of treatment is set and used.
Further, the phase difference from point A to point C is called "sound phase delay θs", which can be controlled by the control program of the audiovisual control device 50 as shown in the fourth embodiment.

Therefore, from the positional relationship of points A, B, and C in FIG. 2(e), there is a relationship of Δθ=θs−θL between the three important numerical values for stabilizing the therapeutic effect of the LCD sunglasses 10. One thing becomes clear.
That is, in order to set the phase difference Δθ between light and sound and to realize management to keep it within a certain value range, it is necessary to accurately predict the numerical value of the phase delay θL of light, which is difficult to control, and to calculate the predicted value of θL. , the timing θs for generating the sound stimulus 210, which is relatively easy to control, should be automatically adjusted. This is the point to solve the problems in the present invention, and is an important technical idea.

≪2. Quantitative understanding of “optical phase delay θL”>>
In the present invention, three important numerical values of Δθ, θs, and θL are determined by determining points A, B, and C.
Point A can be grasped by outputting the phase synchronization signal S from the audiovisual control device 50 and observing the moment when the square wave rises from 0 to 1 with the digital oscilloscope OSC.
Point C can be grasped by observing the moment when the sound stimulus 210 is output from the audiovisual control device 50 to the auditory stimulator 40 with the digital oscilloscope OSC.
However, the point B is not the waveform of the intensity Vr of the light transmitted through the LCD element 60, but the waveform obtained by adding the average value Vr.ave of Vr to the fundamental frequency component Vrf1 of Vr. It is necessary to measure the timing of "the moment of crossing with", but this cannot be directly observed and grasped with the digital oscilloscope OSC.
A method for quantitatively grasping the “light phase delay θL” will be described in detail below.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a procedure for extracting time-series waveforms of fundamental frequency components. In other words, in order to measure point B, the timing of "the moment when the waveform obtained by adding the average value Vr.ave of Vr to the fundamental frequency component Vrf1 of Vr increases and crosses the average value Vr.ave" is determined by the mathematical analysis software. It is a figure explaining the means to measure using MATLAB (trademark).

FIG. 3(a) is a diagram for simultaneously acquiring data of the voltage Vr and the phase synchronization signal S using a digital oscilloscope OSC with two input channels. For the two time-series waveforms, 8000 points of data are sampled for each channel using a high-speed AD converter with a sampling frequency of 10 KHz built into the digital oscilloscope OSC, and written in the memory medium USB in the form of a CSV file. Incidentally, as the digital oscilloscope OSC, model DS-5105B manufactured by Iwasaki Tsushinki Co., Ltd. is used.
This CSV file is analyzed in the following procedure using MATLAB installed in a personal computer.

Analysis processing is performed on the two data of the waveform to be analyzed (voltage Vr) and the reference waveform (phase synchronization signal S) in the same procedure as follows. FIG. 3B shows a processing example of the reference waveform (phase synchronization signal S).
(1) A MATLAB function fft (Fast Fourier Transform) is applied to the sampled digital data.
(2) Draw the frequency spectrum of the FFT result.
(3) Delete data other than the two data of the conjugate complex number corresponding to the 40 Hz component and the data of the DC component from the FFT result.
(4) Draw a frequency spectrum to confirm that only the 40 Hz component and the DC component remain.
(5) Perform a MATLAB function ift (inverse fast Fourier transform).
As a result, "a waveform obtained by adding the average value of the original waveform to the fundamental frequency component (40 Hz) of the original waveform" is obtained.

In FIG. 3(c), the phase synchronization signal S measured by the above procedure is shown by a solid square wave, and the waveform obtained by adding the average value of S to the fundamental frequency component of the phase synchronization signal S extracted by MATLAB is shown in FIG. Indicated by a dotted sine wave.
As shown, the phase synchronization signal S with a duty ratio of 50% and the fundamental frequency component Vsf1 are in phase. Also, while the "waveform obtained by adding the average value Vs.ave of S to the fundamental frequency component Vsf1 of the phase synchronization signal S" rises, the average value Vs.ave of S increases. The point of intersection with ave (that is, point A) coincides with the moment when the phase synchronization signal S rises from logic value 0 to logic value 1. FIG.

If the same processing is performed on the waveform to be analyzed (voltage Vr), the average value Vr. A waveform with ave added can be obtained.
Therefore, "the moment when the waveform obtained by adding the average value Vr.ave of Vr to the fundamental frequency component Vrf1 of Vr intersects the average value Vr.ave while increasing" can be drawn on the MATLAB graph as point B.

As described above, the points A and B can be identified from the two data of the waveform to be analyzed (voltage Vr) and the reference waveform (phase synchronization signal S) that are simultaneously sampled. As shown in (e), it can be manually measured on a MATLAB graph as "optical phase delay θL".

However, as explained above, manually confirming points A and B while looking at the waveform drawn on the graph, reading the time difference, and measuring the "optical phase delay θL" is a way of verifying the calculation results. It is work to be done in case.
In practice, the MATLAB function xcorr (cross-correlation function) is used to calculate the cross-correlation function between "the sine wave Vrf1 of the fundamental frequency component of Vr" and "the sine wave Vsf1 of the fundamental frequency component of the phase synchronization signal S", If the shift amount (corresponding to the sampling frequency of 10 KHz used in the measurement with the digital oscilloscope OSC) that maximizes the numerical value within the phase difference range of ±180 degrees is obtained, the phase delay of the fundamental frequency component of Vr with respect to the phase synchronization signal S is Amount can be calculated automatically. This corresponds to the phase delay θL of light.
In this way, the "optical phase delay θL" can be quantitatively grasped regardless of manual work or automatic calculation.

<Description of the experimental apparatus>
As described above, the preparation for automatic analysis of the "optical phase delay θL" from the measurement data using the mathematical analysis software MATLAB is completed. Next, the hardware and software of the experimental apparatus will be described.

FIG. 4 is a description of hardware common to the embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 4A shows the configuration of control hardware common to the embodiments of the present invention. An ESP-WROOM-02 development kit from Akizuki Denshi Tsusho Co., Ltd. and an MCP4725 12-bit D/A converter were used for the control microcomputer, and software was developed with Arduino (registered trademark).
A DC/DC regulator supplies an accurately stabilized power supply of +Vcc=5.0V from an external 5V mobile battery or AC adapter through a DC jack and a reverse connection prevention diode D1.
As the operation input of the control microcomputer, a voltage is input from the variable resistor VR1 to the analog input terminal AI1, and a logical value of 1 or 0 is input to the digital input terminals DI1 and DI2 from the toggle switch SW1 and the push button switch SW2.

As the control output of the control microcomputer, the absolute value of the voltage applied to the LCD element 60 is output from the analog output terminal AO1, and the polarity reversal command of the voltage applied to the LCD element 60 is output from the digital output terminal DO1. A positive or negative voltage whose polarity is inverted so as to meet the manufacturer's recommended specifications for the drive characteristics of the LCD element 60 is supplied between the two input terminals of one LCD element 60 as the drive voltage. In spectacle-type sunglasses using a plurality of LCD elements 60, the left and right LCD elements 60L and 60R can be connected in parallel as shown in FIG. 4(a).
If the left and right LCD elements 60 have different characteristics, it is possible to provide control means for supplying separate drive voltage waveforms to the left and right LCD elements 60. From the viewpoint of cost reduction, it is desirable to connect LCD elements 60 in parallel using the LCD elements 60 having the same characteristics regarding the approximation formula of the "optical phase delay θL" described in the example.
Digital output terminals DO2 and DO3 output sound stimuli 210 . This experimental apparatus has a structure capable of generating light stimulation 200 and sound stimulation 210 with a plurality of fundamental frequencies for the purpose of treating various neurological disorders. When the waveform including the light stimulus 200 is generated from the LCD element 60, click sounds are output from the respective digital output terminals at the timing of two sound stimuli, and the sound quality of each stimulus sound is adjusted by the equalizers EQ1 and EQ2. be heard.
For example, at the fundamental frequency f1 = 40 Hz, a clicking sound with a tone quality of "thumping, banging" with low and medium tones is generated at a repetition period of 40 Hz, and at the fundamental frequency f2 = 10Hz, a clicking sound with a timbre of "thumping, banging" with middle and high tones is generated. is played at a repetition rate of 10 Hz. Both sounds are mixed to drive an auditory stimulator 40 such as earphone 168 with amplifier Amp.
In the following, to simplify the explanation, we will introduce in detail an example of an experiment in which only one fundamental frequency f1 is used. The timing of generating the sound stimulus 210 may be controlled.
In this way, since it is structured to generate a light stimulus 200 and a sound stimulus 210 having two fundamental frequencies f1 and f2, academic research on phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) as well as clinical application as digital medicine It can also be used as equipment for
A digital output terminal DO4 outputs a phase synchronization signal S.

The entire circuit of FIG. 4(a) is an example of the audiovisual control device 50, and the relative transmittance measurement circuit 55 written in the figure is the same as that explained in FIGS. 1(c) and 3(a). As for the circuit configuration, it may be incorporated into the audiovisual control device 50 or may be excluded. If it is incorporated, the same data as the experiment of the present invention can be collected, so that the LCD sunglasses 10 become a high-value-added product that is easy to maintain, and if excluded, it becomes a low-cost, low-price product.
The phase synchronization signal S output from the digital output terminal DO4 can be used for quality control at the stages of manufacturing and adjusting the LCD sunglasses 10 for sale. Furthermore, if the above-described specific transmittance measurement circuit 55 is incorporated in the audiovisual control device 50, useful data can be collected for changes over time after sale and for long-term quality assurance. In that case, the light-emitting diode D2 and the illuminance sensor (phototransistor) Tr7 may be fixed to the LCD sunglasses 10 after performing dustproof and waterproof treatment so as to sandwich the LCD element 60 as the lens 80 and incorporated.
Alternatively, D2 and Tr7 may be provided on the output side of the lens 80, and a reflecting object (for example, a small mirror) may be provided on the incident side of the lens 80 to reflect the Vr due to flickering of the lens 80 to measure. Conversely, D2 and Tr7 may be provided on the incident side of the lens 80, and a reflector (for example, a small mirror) may be provided on the outgoing side of the lens 80 for reflection.
Furthermore, by using only invisible infrared rays between D2 and Tr7, it is possible to prevent the light emitted by D2 from interfering with the treatment as the LCD element 60 as the lens 80 blinks during the treatment. can.

The electric wire connecting the relative transmittance measuring circuit 55 incorporated in the LCD sunglasses 10 and the audiovisual control device 50 may be always connected, or may be connected only during maintenance work.
In addition, the relative transmittance measurement circuit 55 is not provided only one set for one LCD sunglasses 10, but is provided for each LCD element 60 as a lens 80 for both left and right eyes. Deterioration may be inspected, or partial deterioration of the LCD element 60 may be inspected by providing a plurality of sets for each LCD element 60 . By measuring the secular change and deterioration of the LCD element 60, or by performing regular inspections and collecting data for quality assurance, the deterioration of the LCD element 60 can be quickly detected, and the customer ( (Patients, medical institutions, nursing care facilities, etc.).

FIG. 4B shows that the polarity of the voltage applied to the LCD element 60 incorporated as the lens 80 of the LCD sunglasses 10 is reversed, for example, at 200 Hz, and the absolute value of the applied voltage is set to approximately 0 in the range from 0 V to 5 V. The brightness of the transmitted light Lo was measured by the voltage drop Vr across the emitter resistor R25 of the illuminance sensor (phototransistor) of the relative transmittance measuring circuit 55, changed in increments of 0.25V. Further, the measured Vr was normalized by the maximum value Vrmax and calculated as the specific transmittance P=Vr/Vrmax×100%.

If the relative transmittance P when the absolute value of the applied voltage is 0V is P=100%, the measured value of the relative transmittance P is 65.6% when the absolute value of the applied voltage is 2.48V. That is, FIG. 4B is a graph of the measured values of the relative transmittance P corresponding to the absolute value of the applied voltage, and is hereinafter referred to as a mapping graph 70. FIG.

FIG. 4(c) is a graph for calculating the absolute value of the voltage to be applied to achieve a desired relative transmittance P when controlling the transmittance of the LCD element 60. FIG. This is drawn by exchanging the vertical and horizontal axes of the mapping graph 70 described above, and is hereinafter referred to as an inverse mapping graph 75 .
For example, when the target value for the transmittance control is a specific transmittance P of 65.6%, the absolute value of the voltage to be applied to the LCD element 60 is 2.48V.
If it is desired to use a value between the measurement points when the characteristic measurement test of the mapping graph 70 is performed as the target value of the specific transmittance P, the inverse mapping graph 75 is set to the specific transmittance P on the horizontal axis. is divided into a plurality of sections for each target value of , an approximation formula is created for each section, and the absolute value of the applied voltage on the vertical axis is calculated.
When the measurement section is finely divided and the characteristic measurement test of the mapping graph 70 is performed at many points, the absolute value of the applied voltage on the vertical axis is calculated by "interpolation between measurement points" instead of "approximation formula". can also

As an example of the approximation Y=F(X) representing the inverse mapping graph 75 for the LCD element 60 used in the experiments of each embodiment of the present invention, X The absolute value of the applied voltage (expressed in volts) can be calculated as Y by using the following approximation formula for each of the two ranges.
1) When X <= 99% Y = -0.00001 x X^3 + 0.0019 x X^2 - 0.1369 x X + 6.1276
Note that X̂3 represents the cube of X.
2) When X>99% Y = -1.5103 x X + 151.03

As the LCD element 60 for controlling the transmittance by changing the applied voltage, elements with various types or internal structures are known. Therefore, an interval in the map graph 70 that exhibits a monotonically increasing or monotonically decreasing characteristic is selected and used.

<Time variable control flow>
FIG. 5 shows a software configuration common to the embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 5(a) illustrates a flowchart of time management variables common to the embodiments.
In step S10, the elapsed time in microseconds since the Arduino was started is read by the function micro( ) and substituted for the latest loop start time time_Loop. Also, the loop number Loop_Num is set to zero.

In step S20, the function micro() reads the elapsed time after activation, and if the elapsed time after activation is one hour or more, terminates the control loop that repeats at a period of 25.0 milliseconds for the purpose of exiting. Go to step S100. At step S100, an endless loop is entered, so the control loop does not proceed from step S30 onwards.
Otherwise, go to step S30 to enter the control loop.

The purpose of step S30 is to adjust the sampling interval to 0.25 milliseconds.
Read the current elapsed time with the function micro() and compare it with the latest loop start time time_Loop. As a result, if the current elapsed time has not elapsed from the latest loop start time time_Loop by 0.25 milliseconds or longer, the process loops in step S30 and waits.
If it is detected that 0.25 milliseconds or more have elapsed since the latest loop start time time_Loop while waiting in a loop, the current elapsed time is substituted for the latest loop start time time_Loop, and the process proceeds to step S40. .

Step S40 aims in this case to manage the light and sound repetition period at 25 milliseconds, corresponding to the fundamental frequency f1=40 Hz. That is, by adjusting the value of the loop number Loop_Num to a numerical value from 0 to 99, it is managed so that one cycle is looped 100 times.
For this purpose, first, the loop number Loop_Num is incremented by 1, and if the loop number Loop_Num exceeds the maximum value of 99, it is rewritten to 0. Next, the process proceeds to step S50.
By the way, when the light and sound stimuli have multiple fundamental frequencies, for example, in addition to the fundamental frequency f1 = 40 Hz, in order to manage even 100 milliseconds corresponding to the fundamental frequency f2 = 10 Hz, as a new variable By adding a loop number Loop_Num_f2 and adjusting its value to a numerical value from 0 to 399, it is possible to add management of looping 400 times for one period corresponding to the fundamental frequency f2=10 Hz.

The purpose of step S50 is to output, for example, a rectangular wave of 200 Hz (period of 5 milliseconds) and a duty ratio of 50% as a polarity reversal command for the driving voltage of the LCD element 60 . That is, 20 times of the control loop in which one sampling interval is 0.25 milliseconds constitutes one cycle. Specifically, by adjusting the value of the polarity loop number PLoop_Num to a numerical value from 0 to 19, one cycle is managed to be looped 20 times.
For this purpose, first, the polarity loop number PLoop_Num is incremented by one, and if the polarity loop number PLoop_Num exceeds the maximum value of 19, it is rewritten to zero.
Further, when the polarity loop number PLoop_Num is between 0 and 9, 1 is substituted for the polarity command Inv_Polarity, and 0 is substituted for the polarity command Inv_Polarity otherwise.
Then, the value of 1 or 0 of the polarity command Inv_Polarity is output from the digital output DO1 as the polarity command of the driving voltage of the LCD element 60. FIG. Next, the process proceeds to step S60.

The purpose of step S60 is to set the fundamental frequency of each embodiment with a resolution of 0.1 Hz.
For this purpose, the function micro( ) uses the elapsed time after startup to generate the post-startup time time — 10S (in seconds) with a period of 10.0 seconds as a floating-point (float) variable.
Specifically, the elapsed time after startup (in microseconds) is read with the function micro(), and the remainder of dividing by 10 seconds (the unit is converted to microseconds) is the floating point number in seconds. It is converted into a variable and substituted for the after-start time time_10S with a period of 10.0 seconds. This variable is used as the repeat time (in seconds) for the 10 second period.
If the integral multiple of the period of the fundamental frequency does not match 10 seconds, the phase is adjusted every 10 seconds. A process of inheriting the phase of the time function such as at the start of the next 10 seconds is also performed.

Step S70 is used in an embodiment in which the target value of transmittance control is specified in an array indexed by the loop number.
That is, since the loop numbers Loop_Num are 0 to 99 in this example, the target value can be specified for each loop number Loop_Num using an array having 100 elements.

Step S80 is used in an embodiment where the transmittance control target value is time specified using a post-start time time_10S with a period of 10.0 seconds as a repetition time (in seconds) with a period of 10 seconds.
When there is only one fundamental frequency, t=time — 10S, and the transmittance control target value P(t)=y[%] having the fundamental frequency f1 is set, for example, y=[sin(2π×f1×t+φ1 )+1]/2×100. By the way, in the case where the fundamental frequency is only f1 = 40 Hz, the phase of the time function of the sine function (Sin) is set to φ1 = 0, since the integral multiple of the period of the fundamental frequency (25 milliseconds) coincides with 10 seconds. be able to.
Also, the transmittance control target value P(t)=y[%] having two fundamental frequencies f1 and f2 is set to, for example, y=[sin(2π×f1×t+φ1)+sin(2π×f2×t+φ2)+2 ]/4×100. Here, the fundamental frequency can be set with a resolution of 0.1 Hz, e.g. It is the phase of the sine function (Sin).

Step S90 is an individual process (subroutine) for each embodiment, and the details will be described in each embodiment.
The routine for outputting the phase synchronization signal S and the click sound is described in the processing flow of step S90 for each embodiment.

<Two types of control target setting methods: number designation method and time designation method>
FIG. 5(b) is an example of the control target of the "number specification method" corresponding to step S70, and defines numerical values of the control target value corresponding to the loop number Loop_Num in an array on the memory.
The number designation method can also be applied when designating the output value for each loop number of the phase synchronization signal S included in step S90. FIG. 5B shows an example in which 50 loop numbers from 0 to 49 of the phase synchronization signal S are set to a numerical value of 5, and 50 loop numbers from 50 to 99 are designated to a numerical value of 0. is shown.

FIG. 5(c) is an example of drawing the control target of the "time specification method" corresponding to step S80. can be generated as a light stimulus 200 from the LCD sunglasses 10 as a function of time, including the sine function (Sin) defined in .
FIG. 5(c) shows the linear sum of the sine waves with the fundamental frequency f1=40.0 Hz and the fundamental frequency f2=10.0 Hz as described in the right column of step S80 in FIG. 5(a). It shows an example of the output set as the control target y using the function (Sin). , includes one period of the fundamental frequency f2=10.0 Hz.

FIG. 6 shows the hardware configuration of the first embodiment in which the voltage waveform is a rectangular wave and the duty ratio of the voltage value (or the specific transmittance) as the target value of transmittance control is changed.
FIG. 6(a) depicts only the portion of the common hardware in FIG. 4(a) that is used in the first embodiment. The analog input terminal AI1 and the analog output terminal AO1 are not used, the sound stimulus 210 is output only from the digital output terminal DO2 without the equalizer EQ1 for sound quality adjustment, and the unnecessary digital output terminal DO3 is connected to the LCD element 60. Outputs a logical value for specifying the absolute value of the rectangular wave to be driven.

FIG. 6(b) is an inverse mapping graph 75 showing that the waveform of the rectangular wave can be specified by either the voltage or the relative transmittance P. FIG. When the absolute value of the applied voltage is specified, the lower limit voltage (approximately 0.4 V depending on the characteristics of Tr5) or the upper limit voltage (5.0 V) is specified. When the waveform of the rectangular wave is specified by the relative transmittance P, P=100% corresponding to the lower limit voltage or P=12% corresponding to the upper limit voltage. A logical value of 1 or 0 is output from the digital output terminal DO3 to specify the duty ratio of the rectangular wave.

FIG. 6C shows the voltage drop across the emitter resistor R in FIG. Vr (corresponding to the waveform of the transmitted light Lo) is drawn, and the waveforms and average values of the respective fundamental frequencies are also superimposed on the graphs of Vs and Vr to indicate points A and B. FIG.
In Example 1, data is sampled while changing the level of the duty ratio of the rectangular wave according to the procedure described with reference to FIG. 3, and the phase delay θL from point A to point B is calculated using MATLAB.
In the analysis, the average value Vr. ave and the half-amplitude Vra of the fundamental frequency component, and the flash ratio indicating the flickering intensity of the lens 80 =Vra/Vr. Also calculate ave.

FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of Example 1 in which the voltage waveform is a rectangular wave and the duty ratio is changed. In Example 1, the experimental level was selected by a combination of SW1 and SW2, and the method of specifying the waveform for driving the LCD element 60 used the number specifying method explained in FIG. 5B.
FIG. 7(a) shows array data of the numbering system when the duty ratio is 80% and the display becomes bright. The lens 80 of the LCD element 60 becomes bright when the applied voltage is 0V, and becomes dark when the applied voltage is 5V. FIG. 7(b) shows an example of a waveform that becomes bright at a duty ratio of 50%, and FIG. 7(c) shows an example of a waveform that becomes bright at 20%. Incidentally, as shown in the inverse mapping graph of FIG. 6(b), even if 0.4 V is output instead of the applied voltage of 0 V, the specific transmittance P of the brightness of the lens is P=100%.
FIG. 7(d) is a correspondence table for selecting an experimental level by combining SW1 and SW2. This table shows an example in which the duty ratio is selected from 20%, 50% and 80%. Similarly, waveforms are created with data arranged in a numbered manner for 30%, 40%, 60% and 70%. We conducted a measurement experiment.

Steps S10 to S70 and step S100 in FIG. 7(e) use the part necessary for managing the time variables necessary for the number designation method in FIG. 5(b) in the flowchart described in FIG. 5(a). Therefore, redundant description is omitted.
Step S90 is a process specific to the first embodiment. In step R10, the switches SW1 and SW2 are read, and in steps R20 to R60, an operation corresponding to the experimental level is selected according to FIG. 7(d). At step R70, a logical value of 1 or 0 is output from the digital output terminal DO3 to supply the absolute value of the applied voltage corresponding to the loop number based on the array data of the number designation system for each duty ratio.
At step R80, the phase synchronization signal S for each loop number is output based on the arrangement data of the number designation system shown in FIG. 5(b). Since the first embodiment is for measurement experiments, the generation of the click sound can be omitted. However, when the embodiment is applied to a product, the click sound is also output in step R80 (see the fourth embodiment for details).

FIG. 8 is an analysis example of Example 1 in which the duty ratio is changed with respect to the square wave of the absolute value of the applied voltage.
FIG. 8(a) shows measured values collected in experiments and analyses, and in order to facilitate comparison of data, the experimental level with a duty ratio of 50% will be referred to as a "standard form".
FIG. 8(b) shows the analysis results of the phase delay θL of the light in the experimental level where the duty ratio is increased/decreased by 10% from the reference form of duty ratio=50%. θL largely linearly changes from −33.1 degrees to +77.8 degrees with respect to the duty ratio.

FIG. 8C shows the average value of the voltage Vr, the average value of the brightness of the transmitted light Lo, and the tendency of change in the average value of the relative transmittance P. FIG. In other words, it is also a diagram showing changes in brightness of the lens 80 of the LCD element 60 . In the duty ratio range of 20% to 80%, although the waveform is slightly distorted, the brightness changes almost linearly.
FIG. 8(d) shows the half amplitude of the fundamental frequency Vrf1, and it can be seen that the reference form with a duty ratio of 50% is the largest.
FIG. 8(e) shows flash ratio=single amplitude/average value as an index representing the degree of flickering of the lens 80. The duty ratio hits a ceiling at 30%, and even if the duty ratio is further lowered, the lens 80 remains unchanged. Flicker cannot be increased.

The analysis results of Example 1 are affected not only by changes due to the numerical value of the duty ratio, but also by the response characteristics of the LCD element 60 used in the experiment. Since the data of the phase delay θL of light may vary depending on the LCD element 60 incorporated in the actual product, measurement and analysis such as this time are performed in the adjustment process when manufacturing the LCD sunglasses 10, and the sound stimulation 210 is performed. is preferably used as basic data for automatically adjusting the output timing (θs).
If the characteristics of the LCD elements 60 of the right-eye and left-eye lenses 80 of the sunglasses vary too much, it becomes necessary to separately supply drive voltages to the left and right lenses 80, which increases the number of parts in the product design of the LCD sunglasses 10. Therefore, it is desirable to use LCD elements 60 having the same characteristics for the left and right lenses 80 .

FIG. 9 shows the hardware configuration of the second embodiment in which the voltage waveform is a rectangular wave and only one of the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the voltage as the target value of transmittance control is adjusted.
FIG. 9(a) shows only the portion of the common hardware in FIG. 4(a) that is used in the second embodiment. The analog input terminal AI1 is not used, and the sound stimulus 210 is output only from the digital terminal DO2, omitting the equalizer EQ1 for sound quality adjustment. The voltage of the absolute value of the rectangular wave for driving the LCD element 60 is output from the analog output terminal AO1.

FIG. 9(b) is an inverse mapping graph 75 showing the correspondence relationship between the relative transmittance P and the absolute value of the applied voltage. The voltage corresponding to 12% is set to the test level with upper and lower limits of 0.0 V, 1.0 V, 2.2 V, 2.6 V, 3.0 V, 4.0 V, and 5.0 V as shown in the figure. change.

FIG. 9(c) shows the fundamental frequency components of the phase-synchronized signal S for simultaneous data sampling of two channels and the voltage drop Vr (corresponding to the waveform of the transmitted light Lo) across the emitter resistor R in FIG. 1(c). This is a graph extracted from FIG. 6(c), which draws only Vsf1 and Vrf1.

Point A is the point where Vsf1 in FIG. .ave=0) is the point B by comparing with FIG. 6(c).
In this way, even if the points at which the fundamental frequency components of Vs of the phase synchronization signal S and the voltage drop Vr intersect with the average value=0 during an increase are defined as points A and B, respectively, FIG. ) and FIG. 6(c), points A and B are defined using the graph obtained by adding the respective average values. This is a simple way to identify the A and B points.

Alternatively, at the same timing as the phase synchronization signal S with a duty ratio of 50%, a short pulse output is raised from the audio-visual control device 50 at the moment of loop number 0, which is the starting point of the cycle of the fundamental frequency, and the moment the short pulse output rises. may be defined as the A point.
That is, the point A is a point indicating the starting point (phase angle of 0 degrees or loop number 0) at which the audio-visual control device 50 repeats control at a predetermined cycle. On the other hand, point B is a point indicating the starting point of the timing at which the LCD element 60 of the LCD sunglasses 10 repeats the generation of the light stimulus 200 .
In each embodiment of the present invention, if the fundamental frequency f1=40 Hz, the error ( 360 degrees/100 divisions = 3.6 degrees). In order to reduce the error, a high-speed control microcomputer capable of reducing the sampling interval to less than 0.25 seconds should be employed, but this causes an increase in the price of medical instruments.

FIG. 10 shows a flowchart of a second embodiment in which the voltage waveform is a rectangular wave and the upper limit value or lower limit value is changed. SW1 is used to indicate the direction of raising or lowering the voltage level in the experiment, and the voltage level is changed at the moment the pressed SW2 is released. In this embodiment, all the waveforms for driving the LCD element 60 have a duty ratio of 50%, and the waveforms are designated by the number designation system shown in FIG. 5(b).
In addition to setting the experimental level for each voltage with respect to the upper limit value or the lower limit value in a total of 10 steps, the experimental level is changed in a total of 7 steps from 20% to 80% in the same manner as in Example 1. It is also possible to acquire data by designating waveforms according to the number designating system shown in FIG.
However, in order to simplify the explanation in the first embodiment, only the case where the duty ratio=50% will be explained.

The middle diagram of FIG. 10(a) shows a waveform with a duty ratio of 50%, where the upper limit value of the rectangular wave of the voltage waveform is 5 V and the lower limit value is 0 V, and this is the reference form of the test level. The waveforms of Vr and Vrf1 at this time are shown in the middle part of FIG. 10(b).
The upper diagram of FIG. 10( a ) is a voltage waveform with a duty ratio of 50%, in which the upper limit of the rectangular wave is variable at the voltage of the test level and the lower limit is fixed at 0V. Under these conditions, the lens 80 of the LCD element 60 is brighter than the prototype of the test level. The waveforms of Vr and Vrf1 at this time are shown in the upper part of FIG. 10(b).
The diagram in the lower part of FIG. 10A shows a voltage waveform with a duty ratio of 50%, in which the upper limit of the rectangular wave is fixed at 5 V and the lower limit is variable at the voltage of the test level. Under these conditions, the lens 80 of the LCD element 60 is darker than the prototype of the test level. The waveforms of Vr and Vrf1 at this time are shown in the lower part of FIG. 10(b).

Steps S10 to S70 and step S100 in FIG. 10(c) use the part necessary for managing the time variables necessary for the number designation method in FIG. 5(b) in the flowchart described in FIG. 5(a). Therefore, redundant description is omitted.
Step S90 is a process specific to the second embodiment. In step R10, the switches SW1 and SW2 are read, and in steps R20 to R60, SW1 is used to indicate the direction of increasing or decreasing the voltage level of the experiment, and the pressed SW2 is released. Change the voltage level on the fly. FIG. 10(c) is a flowchart for an experiment in which only the lower limit value is changed. In the experiment in which only the upper limit value is changed, "lower limit value" in steps R40 and R60 is replaced with "upper limit value".
In step R70, the upper limit or lower limit of the absolute value of the applied voltage corresponding to the loop number is rewritten based on the array data of the number designation system with a duty ratio of 50%, and the voltage of the test level is output.
At step R80, the phase synchronization signal S is output for each loop number based on the arrangement data of the number designation system shown in FIG. 5(b). Since the second embodiment is for measurement experiments, the generation of the click sound is omitted. However, when applied to a product, the click sound is also output in step R80 (see the fourth embodiment for details).

FIG. 11 is an analysis example of Example 2 in which the voltage waveform is a rectangular wave and the upper limit value or lower limit value is changed.
FIG. 11(a) shows measured values collected in experiments and analyses. A waveform with a duty ratio of 50% with an upper limit of 5 V and a lower limit of 0 V of a rectangular wave is described as the test standard "standard form". ing.
FIG. 11(b) shows the analysis result of the phase delay θL of light in the experimental level in which the upper limit voltage is lowered from the reference type with the upper limit value of 5V. It was found that θL varies greatly from 23.0 degrees to 56.2 degrees. Since the voltage waveform as the target value of transmittance control is the same rectangular wave with a duty ratio of 50% at any level, this large change in the phase delay θL of light is due to the nonlinearity of the LCD element 60 used in this experiment. and responsiveness

FIG. 11(c) shows the average value of the voltage Vr and shows the average value of the brightness of the transmitted light Lo or the tendency of change in the brightness of the relative transmittance P. FIG. If the upper limit voltage is lowered from the standard type with the upper limit value of 5V, the brightness increases.
FIG. 11(d) shows the half-amplitude of the fundamental frequency Vrf1, and the standard form has the largest amplitude.
FIG. 11(e) shows flash ratio=single amplitude/average value as an index representing the degree of flicker of the lens 80. The flicker is the strongest in the standard form, and the flicker is greatly reduced when the upper limit voltage is lowered.
Fig. 11 (f) to (i) show the experimental results with the lower limit changed. described. As the experimental level moves away from the normal form, θL decreases, the lens 80 becomes darker, and the flicker decreases.

In Example 3, the relative transmittance P is a sine wave, and the upper limit value or lower limit value of the relative transmittance P as the target value for transmittance control is changed. The hardware configuration is the same as in FIG. 9A of the second embodiment.
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating transmittance control with the specific transmittance P of a sine wave as a target value for each control step.

<Control step F01>
FIG. 12(a) is a time series waveform of a sine wave as the target value of the relative transmittance P(t).
Here, when the time specification method described in FIG. 5(c) is adopted and there is only one fundamental frequency, P(t)=a×sin(2π×f1×t−φ)+b where a is the half amplitude of the sine wave (in %), b is the average value of P(t) (in %), f1 is the fundamental frequency (in Hz), for example f1 = 40.0 Hz, and φ is the phase delay. (unit is radian), and t is the time of the audiovisual control device 50 (unit is second). In this embodiment, we set φ=0, so that when the time of the audiovisual control device 50 is at the first 0 second of every 25 millisecond period (or when the loop number Loop_Num is 0), P(t)= becomes b.
By the way, the upper limit of the target value of the specific transmittance P (t) is calculated by a + b, and the lower limit is calculated by ba. The numerical value of the relative transmittance P when an applied voltage (5.0 V in this embodiment) is applied is 12% or more in this embodiment.
If there are two fundamental frequencies f1 and f2, the time function may be replaced with a time function having two fundamental frequencies as described in step S80 of FIG. 5(a).

Although the fundamental frequency f1 can be set between 0.1 and 99.9 Hz in the present invention, a case where f1=40.0 Hz is applied will be described in detail in the third embodiment. For other frequencies, a person skilled in the art can easily change the design based on the description of this embodiment.
Also in this embodiment, the loop is executed 100 times with a sampling interval of 0.25 milliseconds during 25 milliseconds corresponding to one period of 40.0 Hz.

As another method for generating the target value of the specific transmittance P(t), the target value for each loop number is written in advance in an array indexed by the loop number Loop_Num explained in FIG. You can use a numbering scheme that reads and uses the .
If the fundamental frequency is as low as 10 Hz, the number designation method is disadvantageous in that the array size increases and consumes memory. I don't mind. Note that the number designation method has the advantage of facilitating fine adjustment of the waveform.

FIG. 12B is a diagram schematically showing how the target value of the relative transmittance P(t) changes discretely for each sampling interval (that is, for each loop number).
The above is the control step F01 shown in FIGS. 12(a) and 12(b). In general, when the control target value is set by the number designation method described above, the process proceeds to step S70 in FIG. 13(c). This corresponds to step S80 in FIG. 13(c) if the time designation method is used. Only one of steps S70 and S80 may be included in accordance with the method of setting the control target value.
In the third embodiment, for the convenience of improving the responsiveness of the processing program, the contents of both steps S70 and S80 are deleted, and the control step F01 described above is incorporated into the "first half of step R70" of step S90. The control target value was calculated by applying the specified method.

<Control step F02>
FIG. 12C shows an approximate expression Y representing the inverse mapping graph 75 shown in the explanation of FIG. =F(X) is used to calculate the absolute value of the applied voltage (in units of volts) as Y.
FIG. 12(d) is a schematic diagram of the waveform of the value of Y calculated for each loop of the audiovisual control device 50, where the absolute value of the applied voltage is calculated. Output from the output terminal AO1.
The above is the control step F02 shown in FIG. 12(c).

The content performed in the above control step F02 is a detailed description of the procedure for the function of "outputting the absolute value of the applied voltage", and the "second half of step R70" in step S90 shown in FIG. correspond to

<Measure the brightness of the transmitted light Lo of the LCD element 60>
FIG. 12(e) shows the polarity inversion output from the digital output terminal DO1 of FIG. 9(a) in step S50 of FIG. 13(c) after the absolute value of the applied voltage is output from the analog output terminal AO1 in the above step. is a schematic diagram of a waveform obtained by inverting the polarity of the absolute value of the applied voltage to a positive or negative voltage value based on the command of . This is applied as a drive voltage to the LCD elements 60 as the left and right lenses of the LCD sunglasses 10 in FIG. 12(f).

A solid line in FIG. 12G is a schematic diagram showing a waveform Vrf1 of the fundamental frequency of the voltage value Vr(t) obtained by measuring the transmitted light Lo with an illuminance sensor (phototransistor). The voltage value Vr(t) obtained by measuring the blinking illuminance of the transmitted light Lo sampled in FIG. The waveform Vrf1 of the fundamental frequency has a phase delay with respect to the waveform of the target value P(t) of the specific transmittance that is accurately synchronized with the audiovisual control device 50 and shown by the dotted line.

<Set the transmittance target value to a sine wave and calculate the phase delay θL>
FIG. 12(h) explains the procedure for calculating the phase lag θL (in degrees) from the voltage value Vr(t) and the phase synchronization signal S sampled as a digital file by the digital oscilloscope OSC of FIG. 3(a). It is a diagram.
In the aforementioned control step F01, the phase of the target value P(t) of the relative transmittance was set to φ=0 degrees. Therefore, since the phase difference between the target value P(t) of the specific transmittance and the phase synchronization signal S is 0 degrees, the reference point (point A) of the phase of the phase synchronization signal S is the target value P(t) of the specific transmittance. t) is increasing, the mean value P(t). Match points A that intersect ave.
Therefore, from this point A, the average value Vr.ave of the illuminance of the transmitted light Lo is obtained by adding the average value Vr. The phase delay .theta.L up to point B where ave intersects can be calculated using the analysis procedure of FIG. 3 in the same manner as in the second embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart for setting the target value P(t) of the relative transmittance to a sine wave and increasing or decreasing the lower limit value.
As a parameter setting as a "standard form" of the experiment of this embodiment, in the formula P (t) = a x sin (2π x f1 x t-φ) + b, f1 = 40 Hz, φ = 0 degrees, a = 44% , b=56%, the upper limit value a+b=100%, and the lower limit value ba=12%.

FIG. 13A shows the waveform of the target value P(t) of the transmittance when only the lower limit value is raised to make it brighter or only the upper limit value is lowered to make it darker, compared to the setting of the "standard form" parameter. show.
FIG. 13(b) shows waveforms of the voltages Vr and Vrf1 obtained by measuring the illuminance of the transmitted light Lo in the above.

FIG. 13(c) is a flowchart of an experiment in which the target value P(t) of the transmittance is set to a sine wave and only the lower limit of the "standard form" is increased or decreased.
The structure of this flow chart follows the management flow of time variables common to the embodiment shown in FIG.
Further, steps S70 and S80 are omitted in the third embodiment, and the control target value is calculated by the time designation method in step R70 of step S90.
Furthermore, regarding step S90, steps R10 to R60 and R80 overlap with the content described in FIG. 10(c) of the second embodiment. Step R70 is as described for control flow F01 and control flow F02 in the description of FIG.

In Example 3, "experiment of adjusting only the lower limit value" and "experiment of adjusting only the upper limit value" of the sine wave of the target value P(t) of the specific transmittance are performed. The content of the former "fixing the upper limit value of the sine wave of the target value P of the specific transmittance to P=100% and selecting and outputting only the lower limit level with a switch" is described.
For another case of "fixing the lower limit at P=12% and selecting and outputting only the level of the upper limit with a switch", rewrite the lower limit with the upper limit in steps R40 and R60 of the flowchart. , and similarly the flow chart works.

FIG. 14 shows an analysis example in which the waveform of the target value P(t) of the relative transmittance is a sine wave, and only the upper limit value or the lower limit value is changed.

14(a) to 14(e), the upper limit of the sine wave of the target value P(t) of the specific transmittance is fixed at P = 100%, and the level of the lower limit is set from 12% to 90%. It is an experimental result when adjusting to 9 steps.
As shown in FIG. 14(b), when the level of the lower limit is raised from 12% of the standard form to 90%, the phase delay θL of light increases.
FIG. 14(c) shows that the average value of the transmitted light Lo increases (the lens 80 becomes brighter) when the lower limit is raised, and FIG. 14(d) shows that the amplitude of the fundamental frequency of the transmitted light decreases. .
As a result, according to FIG. 14(e), if the lower limit value is increased, the flash ratio (=half amplitude/average value) decreases, so flickering decreases.

From FIG. 14(f) to FIG. 14(j), the lower limit of the sine wave of the target value P of the specific transmittance is fixed at P=12%, and the level of the upper limit is nine levels from 100% to 20%. This is the experimental result when adjusted to .
According to FIG. 14G, when the level of the upper limit value is lowered from 100% of the standard form to 20%, the phase delay θL of light decreases.
According to FIG. 14(h), lowering the upper limit value lowers the average value of the transmitted light Lo (the lens 80 becomes darker), and FIG. 14(i) shows that the amplitude of the fundamental frequency of the transmitted light decreases. indicates
As a result, according to FIG. 14(i), if the upper limit value is lowered, the flash ratio (=half amplitude/average value) decreases, so flickering decreases.

In Example 3, the waveform of the target value P(t) of the specific transmittance was a sine wave, and the effect of adjusting only the upper limit or the lower limit was investigated. turned out to change significantly. This is due to the responsiveness and nonlinearity of the LCD element 60 since the waveform of the target value P(t) of the specific transmittance is a sine wave at any level.

Therefore, even if the target value P(t) of the specific transmittance is a sine wave, if the brightness and flickering of the lens 80 are adjusted by changing the upper and lower limits of the sine wave, the phase delay θL of light Therefore, in order to maintain the “phase difference Δθ between light and sound” at a desired value for treatment, the timing of generating the sound stimulus 210 (sound phase delay θs) also needs to be readjusted.

FIG. 15 shows the hardware configuration for "automatically readjusting the sound phase delay θs" of the fourth embodiment.
FIG. 15A shows the hardware configuration of the fourth embodiment, and the power source is the same as those of the first to third embodiments. A variable resistor VR1 is connected to the analog input AI1 of the control microcomputer and used to adjust the level of the upper limit or lower limit of the relative transmittance P. A digital input D11 reads SW1 (toggle switch) and selects an upper limit value or a lower limit value as an adjustment target. The digital input D12 reads SW2 (push button switch), and if this button is pressed, the LCD element 60 is controlled under the conditions of the standard form (upper limit = 100%, lower limit = 12%) regardless of the adjustment of the upper or lower limit. to blink.

The use of the output terminal of the control microcomputer is the same as in the second and third embodiments, but an equalizer EQ1 is incorporated between the digital output DO2 and the amplifier Amp. This is because the stimulus sound (click sound) includes a wide range of frequencies from low tones, middle tones, and high tones, but the amplitude is uneven depending on the frequency. The acoustic characteristics of the earphone 168 include a frequency band in which the amplitude of reproduced sound decreases. Therefore, for the purpose of equalizing the frequency spectrum in order to generate strong brain waves with the sound stimulus 210, the equalizer EQ1 is provided in order to adjust the amplification factor of the frequency band with excess or deficiency in amplitude.
Experimental equipment such as a spectrum analyzer for frequency analysis of the sound generated by the earphone 168 when the equalizer EQ1 is manually adjusted is not shown.

FIG. 15B shows the upper limit of the specific transmittance P on the X-axis when adjusting by increasing or decreasing the upper limit based on the characteristics of the LCD element 60 used this time (the lower limit is fixed at P = 12%). An approximation formula for calculating the phase delay θL of the Y-axis light from the numerical values of the values is shown. The original measurement data is the same as the experimental result graph of FIG. 14(g).
FIG. 15(c) shows the case where the lower limit is adjusted (the upper limit is fixed at P=100%), and the phase delay θL of the light on the Y axis is calculated from the numerical value of the lower limit of the relative transmittance P on the X axis. An approximation formula is shown. The measurement data are the same as the graph of the experimental results in FIG. 14(b).

FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining a flowchart for "automatically readjusting the phase delay θs of sound" according to the fourth embodiment.
In the flow chart of FIG. 16, steps S10 to S60 have already been explained. In this embodiment, the time designation method is applied, but step S80 of FIG. 16 is not used, and the time designation method is applied at the timing of step R70 in step S90.

Step S90 is a process specific to the fourth embodiment.
At step R10, the switches SW1 and SW2 are read. In step R20, if SW1=1, the upper limit value adjustment (that is, the lower limit value is fixed at 12%) is started, and if SW=0, the lower limit value adjustment (that is, the upper limit value is fixed at 100%) is started. At step R30, the voltage of volume VR1 is read. In step R40, if SW1=1, a value to be set as the upper limit value is determined according to the voltage of the volume VR1, and if SW0, a value to be set as the lower limit value is determined.

In step R50, if SW2=1, the upper limit=100% and lower limit=12% corresponding to the standard form are set, and if SW2=0, nothing is done.
In step R60, if SW1=1, the value set as the upper limit value is substituted for the variable X in the approximation formula of FIG. If SW=0, the value to be set as the lower limit value is substituted for the variable X in the approximation formula of FIG.

In the first half of step R70, the target value P(t) of the relative transmittance is calculated using the formula P(t)=a×sin(2π×f1×t−φ)+b based on the control flow F01. Note that f1=40 Hz, φ=0 degrees, and a=(upper limit value−lower limit value)/2 and b=(upper limit value+lower limit value)/2 are calculated from the set upper limit value and lower limit value.
Further, in the second half of step R70, based on the control flow F02, the absolute value of the applied voltage is calculated using the inverse mapping approximation described in FIG. 12(c), and is output from the analog output AO1.

At step R80, the phase synchronization signal S and the sound stimulus 210 (click sound) are output.
First, as in the first embodiment, the phase synchronization signal S reads the output target value from the array on the memory designated by the loop number in FIG. 5(b), and outputs the corresponding logic value from the digital output DO4.

The sound stimulus 210 then employs a square wave with a pulse width of 0.25 milliseconds as the click sound. Specifically, step R80 in loop number N is used as the start timing (point C) of sound stimulation 210, and a logical value of 1 is output from digital output DO2, and sound stimulation 210 is terminated in the next loop number N+1. Outputting a logical 0 results in a pulse width of 0.25 milliseconds. (Since the acoustic output amplifies only the AC signal with the amplifier, the logical value 1 and the logical value 0 output from the digital output DO2 may be reversed.)
If the sound stimulus 210 ends at loop number N+2, the pulse width will be 0.25×{(N+2)−N}=0.5 milliseconds. Similarly, it is possible to make the pulse width of the click sound an integer multiple of 0.25 milliseconds.

As an example, the loop number N of the start timing of the sound stimulus 210 is calculated as follows.
Since the phase delay θL (unit: degree) of the light is calculated in step R60, the phase difference Δθ between light and sound, for example, Δθ=10 degrees, which is specified in advance by an internal variable as a desired value, is used to obtain the phase of the sound. The delay θs is calculated by θs=θL+Δθ.
For example, if the phase delay of light θL = 64.8 degrees and the “desired phase difference Δθ between light and sound” specified by the internal variable is Δθ = 10 degrees, then θs = 64.8 + 10 = 74.8 degrees. .
Then, as shown in FIG. 16(c), since N of the loop number N is the integer part of Loop_Num=(θs/360)×100, N=20 from Loop_Num=74.8/360×100=20.8 becomes.
Accordingly, in step R80, if the loop number N=20, the sound stimulation 210 is started at point C, and if the loop number N+1=21, the sound stimulation 210 is output to the digital output DO2 so as to end.

<Test results>
"Phase difference Δθ between light and sound" is set to Δθ = 0 degrees, the upper limit of the relative transmittance P is adjusted from 100% to 20% (lower limit = fixed at 12%), and the lower limit is 12 % to 90% (the upper limit is fixed at 100%), and the level is changed to measure the error of the “phase difference Δθ between light and sound”.
When measuring this error for each level of the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the target value P(t) of the relative transmittance, the intensity of the flickering of the LCD sunglasses and the brightness of the lens 80 change, and at the same time, the amount of light changes. As measured in Example 3, the phase lag θL increased and decreased within the range of about 65 degrees to about 15 degrees.
Therefore, using θL calculated by the approximation formula, at the timing (point C) corresponding to the phase delay θs of the sound based on the formula θs = θL + Δθ so as to maintain Δθ = 0 as an example of the test of Example 4 It was automatically adjusted to generate the sound stimulus 210 . As a result, the fluctuation width of Δθ was suppressed within ±10 degrees (3σ).
Through this experiment, it was confirmed that the "phase difference Δθ (Δθ) between light and sound", which is the subject of the present invention, could be managed by maintaining it at a constant value (that is, the "error range").

FIG. 17 shows a software configuration for setting the control target of the specific transmittance P to a stepped waveform according to the fifth embodiment.
The hardware configuration used in the fifth embodiment is the same as that in FIG. 9(a) of the second embodiment, and redundant description will be omitted.

FIGS. 17(a) to 17(c) are examples in which the target value P(t) of the specific transmittance having an arbitrary waveform shape is designated using the "number designation method" of FIG. 5(b).

FIG. 17(d) is a table listing the combinations of switches SW1 and SW2 for selecting three stepped waveforms as test levels.
In FIG. 17(e), there are only three types of waveforms to be selected, so the skeleton of the software configuration uses FIG. The value was changed to the relative transmittance P.
In the fifth embodiment, since the target value P(t) of the specific transmittance has a stepped waveform, the target value P(t) of the specific transmittance is set according to the number designation system shown in FIGS. Array data is generated, and then the same processing as described with reference to FIGS. 12(b) to 12(d) is executed in step R70. The procedure for performing transmittance control and measuring the results is also the same as in the third and fourth embodiments.

FIG. 18 shows the analysis results of the stepped waveform.
FIG. 18(a) shows the result of analysis by MATLAB after collecting the data of the stepped waveform, and calculated the numerical values of the phase delays of the three stepped waveforms. This numerical value corresponds to the phase delay θL of the light specifying the B point. Therefore, the relationship θs=θL+Δθ can be used to find θs for an arbitrary Δθ, so that the timing (point C) for generating the sound stimulus 210 can be calculated.
Specifically, with the loop number 0 as point A, the loop number Nb of the light phase delay θL (point B) is calculated by Nb=θL/360×100. The loop number at point C when Δθ=10 degrees was calculated by Nc=(θL+Δθ)/360×100. FIG. 18(a) also shows the calculation results of the loop numbers of the B point and the C point.

FIGS. 18(b) to 18(d) are time-series charts obtained by analyzing three stepped waveforms with MATLAB. In the case of each stepped waveform, points A and B are shown in the waveforms of the phase synchronization signal S and the stepped waveform Vr.
That is, the moment when the phase synchronization signal S rises from the logic value 0 to the logic value 1 corresponds to the loop number 0 of the audiovisual control device 50, and this is point A.
In each stepped waveform Vr, the fundamental frequency component Vrf1 and the average value Vr. As the added value of Vr.ave increases, Vr. The moment when the ave is passed is the B point.

Therefore, the phase delay from point A to point B is the phase delay .theta.L of the light, and point C is the point obtained by adding the phase difference .DELTA..theta.
That is, the audiovisual control device 50 outputs a signal for generating sound from the digital output terminal DO2 in step R80 in step S90 at loop number Nc of point C corresponding to θs=θL+Δθ, and stops sound at loop number Nc+1. Thus, a click sound with a pulse width of 0.25 milliseconds can be generated at appropriate timing.

As described above, in the fifth embodiment, even when an arbitrary waveform shape such as a staircase waveform is repeated, the waveform Vr of the brightness of the phase synchronization signal S and the transmitted light Lo is measured, and from the point A to the point B. can be determined, θs for an arbitrary Δθ can be calculated by applying the relational expression θs=θL+Δθ, and the sound stimulus 210 can be applied at the accurate timing of point C.
Thus, whether the target value of the transmittance control is the relative transmittance or the absolute value of the applied voltage, or whether the waveform is a square wave, a sinusoidal wave, or any other repetitive shape of any other shape, the sound stimulus 210 can be precisely controlled. It can be given at a suitable timing.
In this way, the LCD sunglasses of the present invention can freely select the waveform that controls the transmitted light, and even if the brightness of the lens 80 and the intensity of flickering are adjusted, the "phase difference Δθ between light and sound" can be obtained. can be managed within a certain margin of error.

<<Modification 1: Regarding the method of determining point A>>

FIG. 19 explains a modification regarding the method of determining the A point.
In Embodiments 1 to 5, point A is defined as "the moment when the phase synchronization signal S rises from the logical value 0 to the logical value 1". This corresponds to the moment when the audiovisual control device 50 executes step R80 in step 90 at loop number 0. FIG.
The loop number 0 is "the timing defined by the period of the first sampling interval (0.25 milliseconds in each embodiment) in one cycle of the optical stimulus 200 that repeats at the fundamental frequency f1". Strictly speaking, the moment when the phase synchronization signal S is output in step R80 with loop number 0 is measured as point A.

FIG. 19A shows the relational expression θs=θL+Δθ regarding the phase delay θL of light, the phase difference Δθ between light and sound, and the phase delay θs of sound between points A, B, and C, which are important in the present invention. is illustrated.
By the way, adding the constant K to both the left and right sides of the above equation does not change the relationship. That is, θs+K=θL+Δθ+K.

FIG. 19(b) shows that at a sampling interval of 0.25 ms obtained by dividing a repetition of a period of 25.0 ms with a fundamental frequency of 40.0 Hz into 100 loop numbers, the loop number of the period is 1 instead of 0. The relational expression θs+K=(θL+K)+Δθ is shown by taking as an example the case where the loop number 90 in the last period is called point D.
That is, in the same way that the relational expression θs=θL+Δθ of the present invention with point A as the starting point can be used to maintain and manage the “phase difference Δθ between light and sound” within a certain error range, point D can be Even if the relational expression of θs+K=(θL+K)+Δθ is used as a starting point, the “phase difference Δθ between light and sound” can be maintained and managed within a certain error range.

In order to simplify the explanation, an example in which the position of point D is set to a position preceding point A by K degrees is shown in FIG. degree]/360 [degree])×100 [number of loop divisions]. However, since both K and M can be set not only in leading positions but also in lagging positions, they can take positive and negative values.
Therefore, as a substitute for point A in the present invention, the relational expression θs+K=θL+Δθ+K is obtained by using point D, which is moved back and forth from point A of loop number 0 by a phase difference K [degrees] corresponding to loop M, as a starting point. can be used. That is, even if the relational expression θs+K=(θL+K)+Δθ relating to the phase delay θL+K of the light, the phase difference Δθ between the light and the sound, and the phase delay θs+K between the light and the sound between the points D, B, and C is used, the present invention Similarly to , the "phase difference Δθ between light and sound" can be managed by keeping it within a certain error range.

This modified example 1 shows that the point A cannot be used due to convenience of programming or measurement, and can be applied to the case where the point D, which is moved forward or backward from the point A, is used.
However, in that case, it should be noted that θs+K represents point D to point C, θL+K represents point D to point B, and Δθ represents point B to point C as before.

<<Modification 2: Regarding the method for determining the B point>>

FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining a modification of the method of determining the B point, as described in FIGS. 6C and 9C.
As shown in FIG. 20(a), in Examples 1 to 5, the brightness of the light Lo transmitted through the LCD element 60 of the LCD sunglasses 10 is defined using the voltage Vr measured by the illuminance sensor (phototransistor). did.
As explained in FIGS. 2(e) and 6(c), this is because "the sum of the average value Vr.ave of the voltage Vr and the fundamental frequency component Vrf1 crosses the average value Vr.ave while increasing. point" was set as point B.
This was a measure to prevent mistakes in reading the graph by overwriting the waveform of the voltage Vr and the graph when performing the analysis work manually.

FIG. 20(b) is the definition of point B used to automate the analysis. That is, instead of using "the value obtained by adding the average value Vr.ave of the voltage Vr to the fundamental frequency component Vrf1" as shown in FIG. , and the point where the average value of the fundamental frequency component Vrf1=0 intersects" is defined as point B.
Simply put, the point B is defined as "the point at which the fundamental frequency component Vrf1 of the voltage Vr crosses zero (intersects the horizontal axis of numerical value=0) while it is increasing".
In this case, point A is also defined as "the point at which the fundamental frequency component Vsf1 of the voltage Vs of the phase synchronization signal S crosses zero (crosses the horizontal axis of numerical value = 0) while it is increasing". As a result, the phase difference between Vsf1 and Vrf1 can be calculated using the cross-correlation function xcorr of MATLAB and the number of shift points corresponding to the sampling frequency when measured with the digital oscilloscope OSC. Phase difference θL can be automatically calculated.

20(a) is used for manual verification of the analysis of the experimental results, and there are many methods for defining point B in FIG. 20(b). was used for automatic analysis processing of the experimental results.

≪Summary≫
Based on the technical idea of the present invention explained in the above embodiment and modified examples, six main invention matters will be mainly organized.

<<First Invention Matter: Equation of θs=θL+Δθ>>
The first invention matter relates to the equation θs=θL+Δθ as the central technical idea of the present invention, and consists of the following five paragraphs.

<first paragraph>
In a sensory stimulation therapy device 20 for prevention and symptom relief, including suppression of progression of various types of neurological diseases including cerebrovascular MCI as well as brain fog due to temporary impairment of functional connectivity of the brain,

<second paragraph>
The sensory stimulation therapy device 20 is composed of a visual stimulator 30, an auditory stimulator 40, and an audiovisual control device 50,
The visual stimulator 30 is spectacles having a lens 80 for each eye, or goggles or a face shield having a single wide lens 80 for viewing with both eyes to absorb light incident from the surrounding environment. LCD sunglasses 10 in which an LCD element 60 is arranged as the lens 80 for transmission,
The auditory stimulator 40 is a sounding body 160 that emits audible frequency sound including bone conduction earphones 162, earphones 168, headphones 164 or speakers 166;
The audiovisual control device 50 supplies a drive signal to the LCD element 60 of the visual stimulator 30 to control the transmittance, and supplies a drive signal to the sound generator 160 of the auditory stimulator 40 to control it. A control means for generating a light stimulus 200 and a sound stimulus 210 consisting of a repetition frequency 90 set in advance by the audiovisual control device 50, a waveform, and a phase difference Δθ between light and sound,

<third paragraph>
A point is the starting point of the timing at which the audiovisual control device 50 repeats control at a predetermined cycle,
Let B be the starting point of the timing for repeating the generation of the light stimulation 200 from the LCD element 60 of the LCD sunglasses 10,
The starting point of the timing for repeating the generation of the sound stimulus 210 from the sounding body 160 is point C,

Let the phase delay θL of light be from the point A to the point B,
Let the phase difference Δθ between the light and the sound be from the B point to the C point,
Let the phase delay θs of the sound be from the point A to the point C,

<fourth paragraph>
The audiovisual control device 50 establishes the equation θs=θL+Δθ based on two variables, the phase delay θL of the light on the recording medium of the audiovisual control device 50 and the phase difference Δθ between the light and the sound. Using LCD sunglasses, characterized by comprising control means for controlling the timing of the point C to the phase delay θs of the sound and supplying the sounding body 160 with a driving signal for repeating the generation of the sound stimulus 210 sensory stimulation therapy device

<Description of the first paragraph>
"In Sensory Stimulation Therapy Device 20 for prevention and symptom relief, including suppression of progression of various types of neurological diseases, including cerebrovascular MCI, as well as brain fog caused by temporary impairment of functional connectivity of the brain. ] is a description that clearly indicates the use of the present invention.
Perceptual stimulation therapy is a therapy that generates electroencephalograms by the phenomena of SSVEP and ASSR using light stimulation 200 and sound stimulation 210, and is described in Patent Document 1 as a disease-modifying therapy for Alzheimer's disease. GENUS (registered trademark) using a light emitter 150 and a sound generator 160 with a repetition frequency of 40 Hz is well known as a preceding technology.
On the other hand, in the present invention, referring to not only Patent Document 1 but also known Patent Document 4, Non-Patent Document 2, and Non-Patent Document 3, "brain Sensory stimulation therapy device for prevention and symptom reduction, including suppression of progression of various neurological disorders such as brain fog as mild cognitive decline that frequently occurs after infarction healing and cerebrovascular mild cognitive impairment (MCI) 20 is used for the present invention.
That is, this first paragraph is included for the purpose of clarifying that the sensory stimulation therapy device 20 of the present invention is "not intended solely for" the treatment of dementia of the Alzheimer's type in GENUS.
The use of the device (hardware and underlying software) according to the invention is the treatment and prevention of various neurological diseases. Therefore, any person who intends to implement another's patent right by supplying application software that utilizes the device of the present invention shall, as a supplier of the application software related to the other's patent right, bear responsibility on his/her own. and

<Description of the second paragraph>
"The sensory stimulation therapy instrument 20 is composed of a visual stimulator 30, an auditory stimulator 40, and an audiovisual control device 50,
The visual stimulator 30 is spectacles having a lens 80 for each eye, or goggles or a face shield having a single wide lens 80 for viewing with both eyes to absorb light incident from the surrounding environment. LCD sunglasses 10 in which an LCD element 60 is arranged as the lens 80 for transmission,
The auditory stimulator 40 is a sounding body 160 that emits audible frequency sound including bone conduction earphones 162, earphones 168, headphones 164 or speakers 166;
The audiovisual control device 50 supplies a drive signal to the LCD element 60 of the visual stimulator 30 to control the transmittance, and supplies a drive signal to the sound generator 160 of the auditory stimulator 40 to control it. A control means for generating a light stimulus 200 and a sound stimulus 210 consisting of a repetition frequency 90 set in advance by the audiovisual control device 50, a waveform, and a phase difference Δθ between light and sound. The sensory stimulation therapy instrument 20 of the invention is described.

It was explained in FIG. 1(b) that "the sensory stimulation therapy device 20 is composed of the visual stimulator 30, the auditory stimulator 40, and the audiovisual control device 50".
"The visual stimulator 30 is a spectacle with a lens 80 for each eye, or a goggle or face shield with a single wide lens 80 for viewing with both eyes. An additional explanation of the phrase "these are LCD sunglasses 10 in which the LCD element 60 is arranged as the lens 80 for transmission" will be given here.
The LCD sunglasses 10 have an appearance similar to sunglasses in which the LCD element 60 is arranged as the lens 80 for transmitting light incident from the surrounding environment described in Patent Document 3, Patent Document 5, and Patent Document 6. Such as spectacles each having a lens 80, or goggles having one wide lens 80 for viewing with both eyes, and face shields that have recently begun to be widely used in medical institutions. It is a therapeutic instrument that is used by attaching it to the head in the form of a head.

The statement "the auditory stimulator 40 comprises an audible sound producing body 160 including bone conduction earphones 162, earphones 168, headphones 164 or speakers 166" refers to both audible frequency sound as therapeutic stimulation. Bone conduction earphones 162, earphones 168, headphones 164 or speakers 166 are listed as specific examples of sound devices that can be audibly generated.
Therefore, a small speaker built into a helmet, a vibration speaker arranged on a window glass, a desk, or furniture to generate an audible frequency sound from an electrical signal may also be used as the auditory stimulator 40 of the present invention in the same way as the speaker 166. It can be used as body 160 .

"The audio-visual control device 50 supplies a drive signal to the LCD element 60 of the visual stimulator 30 to control the transmittance, and supplies a drive signal to the sound generator 160 of the auditory stimulator 40 to control it. Thus, control means for generating a light stimulus 200 and a sound stimulus 210 having a repetition frequency 90 set in advance by the audiovisual control device 50, a waveform, and a phase difference Δθ between light and sound, The supply of drive signals to the LCD element 60 and sounding body 160 has been described in FIG. 1(b) and each embodiment.
The control means for generating the light stimulus 200 and the sound stimulus 210 having the repetition frequency 90 set in advance by the audiovisual control device 50 and the phase difference Δθ between the waveform and the light and the sound is described in FIG. ) and other examples described above.

<Description of the third paragraph>
"The starting point of the timing at which the audiovisual control device 50 repeats control at a predetermined cycle is set to point A,
Let the starting point of the timing for repeating the generation of the light stimulus 200 from the LCD element 60 of the LCD sunglasses 10 be point B,
The starting point of the timing for repeating the generation of the sound stimulus 210 from the sounding body 160 is point C,

Let the phase delay θL of light be from the point A to the point B,
Let the phase difference Δθ between the light and the sound be from the B point to the C point,
Let the phase delay θs of the sound be from the point A to the point C,” is illustrated in FIGS. A description is provided for each.

<Description of the fourth paragraph>
“The audiovisual control device 50 establishes the equation θs=θL+Δθ based on two variables, the phase delay θL of the light on the recording medium of the audiovisual control device 50 and the phase difference Δθ between the light and the sound. A control means is provided for controlling the timing of the point C to cause the phase delay θs of the sound to supply the sounding body 160 with a drive signal that repeats the generation of the sound stimulus 210”, see FIG. An explanation about (e) explains the outline, and as a specific example, a case of controlling the timing of the point C is explained in the fourth embodiment.

Note that the wording of invention matter 1 is described with emphasis on showing the technical idea of the invention. Therefore, in order to more clearly disclose the content of the invention, the wording describing the method of specifying the points A and B from the collected data is defined in detail by the following invention matters.

<<Invention Matter 2: Definition of Point A>>
In invention matter 2, the narrow definition of point A described in FIG. 19(a) is generalized to a broad concept using the definition method in FIG. 19(b).
"The point A is the starting point of the timing at which the audiovisual control device 50 repeats the control of the light stimulus 200, and the phase difference K is based on the phase at which the phase synchronization signal S as a pulse signal that is phase-synchronized with a phase difference of 0 degrees rises. The phrase “phase synchronization is performed with a degree” will be explained.
In the graph and description on the second row from the bottom of FIG. It explains that point A is defined for each loop number 0 to be synchronized.

Also, the relational expression θs=θL+Δθ will be explained with reference to FIG. 19(a), and in FIG. It has been described that the timing of the point C that generates the sound stimulus 210 can be defined.
That is, the portion of "the phase at which the phase synchronization signal S as a pulse signal that is phase-synchronized with a phase difference of 0 degrees from the starting point of the timing for repeating the control of the optical stimulus 200 rises" is point A in FIG. The point D in FIG. 19(b) is "phase synchronization with a phase difference of K degrees with reference to the phase at which the phase synchronization signal S rises."
The "broadly defined and generalized point A" described in this invention matter 2 is the "narrowly defined point A" explaining the relational expression θs=θL+Δθ in FIG. It combines the concept of point D used when explaining the relational expression of (θs+K)=(θL+K)+Δθ with constant K added.
By the way, if K=0, it is clear that point A and point D are the same point.

<<Invention Matter 3: Output of Phase Synchronization Signal S>>
The phrase "the audiovisual control device 50 outputs the phase synchronization signal S as a measurable signal" will be explained.
This is necessary to specify the point A of the control system with the measuring means when inspecting or adjusting the characteristics of the sensory stimulation therapy instrument 20 of the present invention, and is an important invention from the viewpoint of industrial application of the present invention. matter.
In the second graph and explanatory text from the bottom of FIG. 2(e), it is explained that the phase synchronization signal S is generated as a square wave pulse signal with a duty ratio of 50%. is output to the outside from the digital output DO4 in FIG. 4(a) for use in the analysis of FIG.

On the other hand, in addition to expressing the point of phase 0 degree with a rectangular wave with a duty ratio of 50%, a pulse waveform with a pulse width of 0.25 milliseconds, which is the same as the click sound, is generated at the moment of phase 0 degree. , outputting arbitrary waveforms in phase synchronization by the number designation method of FIG.
That is, "to output the phase synchronization signal S as a measurable signal" means "a duty ratio of the phase synchronization signal S defined in the second graph from the bottom in FIG. 2(e)=50%. Any waveform other than a square wave pulse signal may be a sine wave as long as it is a known waveform that can be identified by measurement at the point of phase 0 degrees (or the period of loop number 0) in the audiovisual control device 50. However, it may be a rectangular wave, a triangular wave, or any other waveform shape. Furthermore, the timing for outputting this measurable signal is set at a known phase difference from the strictly defined point A, instead of the strictly defined point A where the phase synchronization signal S rises from the logic value 0 to the logic value 1. "Point D of Invention Matter 2" that is phase-synchronized is acceptable.".

<<Invention Matter 4: Definition of Point B>>
Invention matter 4 indicates that two types of expressions can be used for the definition of point B.
"The point B is about the time-series waveform Vr(t) where the transmittance of the LCD element 60 arranged as the lens 80 of the LCD sunglasses 10 repeats the light stimulus 200,
"The moment when the time-series waveform Vrf1(t) of the fundamental frequency 190 of Vr(t) passes through Vrf1(t)=0 while increasing",
or,
"The moment when the constant k is passed while the value obtained by adding the constant k to the time-series waveform Vrf1(t) of the fundamental frequency 190 of Vr(t) is increasing"
The phrase “defined with” will be explained.

In the first half of the above phrase, "the moment when the time-series waveform Vrf1(t) of the fundamental frequency 190 of Vr(t) passes through Vrf1(t)=0 while increasing" is the second modification shown in FIG. As shown in the figure and description of b), it is a useful definition when automatically analyzing data to identify the B point.
In addition, the second half of the above "the moment when the value obtained by adding the constant k to the time-series waveform Vrf1(t) of the fundamental frequency 190 of Vr(t) increases and passes the constant k" is the procedure in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 2(e), 6(c), 18 and 19, the average value Vr. By adding ave as a constant k to the time-series waveform Vrf1(t), this definition is useful when manually analyzing the point B while overwriting the graph of Vr.
Incidentally, as can be seen from the constant k=0, the point B defined by both is the same.

<<Invention 5: How to determine the phase delay θL of light>>
Invention item 5 explains how to determine the phase delay θL of light.
"<Paragraph A>
The audio-visual control device 50 uses time-series data P(t) of the relative transmittance or applied an operation means A for fixedly using or selectively adjusting the repetition frequency 90 and the waveform of the time-series data Vabs(t) of the voltage absolute value;

<Paragraph B>
When the waveform of the time-series data P(t) of the relative transmittance or the time-series data Vabs(t) of the absolute value of the applied voltage is a rectangular wave, the duty ratio or the upper limit of the waveform of the rectangular wave an operation means B for fixedly using or selectively adjusting one or more of the value or the lower limit;

<Paragraph C>
When the waveform of the time-series data P(t) of the relative transmittance or the time-series data Vabs(t) of the absolute value of the applied voltage is an arbitrary waveform including a sine wave or a stepped waveform, the waveform or the upper limit an operation means C for fixedly using or selectively adjusting one or more of the value or the lower limit;

<Paragraph D>
Regarding the operation means D that uses the numerical value of the phase difference Δθ between light and sound fixedly or adjusted for use,
One or more of operation means A, operation means B, operation means C, or operation means D,

<Paragraph E>
The audio-visual control device 50 stores the numerical value of the optical phase delay θL on the recording medium of the audio-visual control device 50 . Equipped with an "approximation formula" that uses the result of adjusting one or more of selective switching, duty ratio, upper limit value, or lower limit value as an input variable.

First, <Paragraph A> will be described.
"The audiovisual control device 50 uses time-series data P(t) of relative transmittance or an operating means A for fixedly using or selectively adjusting the repetition frequency 90 and the waveform of the time-series data Vabs(t) of the absolute value of the applied voltage;
In this paragraph, two types of variables, “relative transmittance P” and “absolute value Vabs of applied voltage”, are used as target values for transmittance control. Indicates that either can be used as the target value.
As an example of use, FIG. 6B of Example 1 and FIG. An example of adjusting is shown. In Example 3, Example 4, and Example 5, the specific transmittance P was set as a target value. FIG. 12 shows an example of a waveform from conversion from the target value of the specific transmittance to the absolute value of the applied voltage using an inverse mapping graph, to application of a drive voltage whose positive and negative signs are inverted to the LCD element 60. .

For these target values, the repetition frequency 90 and the waveform can be set or switched, and the design can be changed. In the present invention, the fundamental frequency f1 in the repetitive waveform can be set between 0.1 and 99.9 Hz at intervals of 0.1 Hz. In each embodiment, a case of applying f = 40 Hz will be described in detail, and in a case of applying f = 10 Hz, one sampling interval is set to 0.25 milliseconds. A case of design change was explained. Based on the description of this specification, those skilled in the art can easily change the design appropriately by setting the sampling interval to other than 0.25 seconds.
Waveform specification methods include the number specification method shown in FIG. Using the embodiment, it was also explained that there is a time specification method shown in FIG.

A switch, push button, or variable resistance adjuster can be used to change the waveform as described in the examples. As for the frequency, for example, the time designation method of FIG. 5(c) includes two types of fundamental frequencies f1 and f2. It is also possible to switch to only one of f2. Changing the fundamental frequency also changes the repetition frequency.
As a means of changing parameters such as amplitude, frequency, and waveform, it is common not only to use the switches and potentiometers described in the examples, but also to use a remote control or a smartphone application to operate remotely. It is well-known at present as an important technical knowledge.
Regarding these paragraphs A, the means for operating to fix or select and use them will be referred to as "operation means A". Note that, for example, when the repetition frequency, waveform, or target value of transmittance control used for treatment is fixed in advance, and the power is turned on without changing the fixed value and the therapeutic instrument of the present invention is used, It is assumed that turning on the power button as an operating device means that "use by fixing" is selected.

<Paragraph B> will be described.
"When the waveform of the time-series data P(t) of the relative transmittance or the time-series data Vabs(t) of the absolute value of the applied voltage is a rectangular wave, the duty ratio of the waveform of the rectangular wave an operating means B for fixedly using one or more of the upper limit value or the lower limit value, or selecting and adjusting the upper limit value;
In this paragraph, examples were introduced in which the phase delay angle θL of light was analyzed by changing only one of the duty ratio, the upper limit, and the lower limit of the waveform of the rectangular wave in the first and second embodiments. Experimental data of the phase delay angle θL of light with respect to a combination of a plurality of parameters can be obtained by performing a measurement test in which a plurality of these parameters are combined and changed at the same time.

For example, based on the result of measuring the phase delay angle θL of light using these three parameters as input variables (U, V, W), a function Y=F (U, V, W) as an approximation is created. , and the input variables (U, V, W) as a three-dimensional array, an estimated value of θL can be obtained by interpolation.
In other words, by using one or more of the upper limit value or the lower limit value fixedly or by selecting and adjusting it, the phase delay of the light in the input variables (U + Δu, V + Δv, W + Δw) slightly deviated from the measurement point The angle θL can be estimated.
In addition to using switches, push buttons, or variable resistance potentiometers, parameters can be fixed or selected using remote control means using a remote control or smartphone app.

Regarding these paragraphs B, the means for operating to fix or selectively use them will be referred to as "operation means B". It should be noted that, for example, when the duty ratio, upper limit, or lower limit for use in treatment is fixed in advance, and the power is turned on without changing the fixed value, the therapeutic instrument of the present invention is used. It is assumed that turning on the power button as a device means selecting "fixed use".

Next, <Paragraph C> will be described.
"When the waveform of the time-series data P(t) of the relative transmittance or the time-series data Vabs(t) of the absolute value of the applied voltage is an arbitrary waveform including a sine wave or a stepped waveform, the waveform an operating means C for fixedly using one or more of the upper limit value or the lower limit value, or selectively adjusting the upper limit value;
This paragraph introduced an example of analyzing the phase delay angle θL of light by changing only one of the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the sine wave in the third embodiment. In Example 5, we introduced an example of measuring with a fixed upper limit or lower limit for "an arbitrary known waveform including a stepped waveform". The method of changing the lower limit value can be implemented by the design change of the third embodiment.

In other words, by performing a measurement test in which a plurality of parameter selections such as upper limit values, lower limit values, and waveforms are combined and changed at the same time, it is possible to collect data when a plurality of selections are changed at the same time.
Waveforms, including parameters and frequencies, can be fixed or selected using switches, pushbuttons, or variable resistance potentiometers, as well as remote controls and smartphone apps.
Regarding these paragraphs C, the means for operating to fix or select and use them will be referred to as "manipulation means C". For example, if the waveform, upper limit, or lower limit used for treatment is fixed in advance, and the power is turned on without changing the fixed value, the therapeutic instrument of the present invention is used. Throwing in the button shall mean that "fixed use" has been selected.

Next, <Paragraph D> will be described.
"Regarding the operating means D that uses the numerical value of the phase difference Δθ between light and sound fixedly or adjusted, any one of operating means A, operating means B, operating means C, or operating means D or one or more, and
This paragraph indicates that the numerical value of the phase difference Δθ between light and sound can be set, adjusted, or selected, such as Δθ=10 [degrees] or 0 [degrees] as in the fourth embodiment.

For the numerical value of the phase difference Δθ between light and sound, for example, a sine wave with a frequency of 40 Hz is used to set the upper limit and lower limit of the target value of the relative transmittance P to the maximum and minimum values of the specifications of the LCD sunglasses 10, respectively. In this case, Δθ=0 degrees is often fixed as a standard to eliminate brain fog. Alternatively, when prescribing a value determined by a doctor to be appropriate for treatment such as sleep improvement, Δθ is in the range of 0 ± 90 degrees, etc., while considering the risk of headache and overdose and the patient's individual medical condition. It is also possible to adjust and use it so that it does not exceed .

The method of fixing or selecting the numerical value of the phase difference Δθ between light and sound is not limited to using switches, push buttons, or variable resistance potentiometers, but it is also possible to use remote control means using remote controls and smartphone apps. .
A means for operating to fix or selectively use these paragraphs D is referred to as "operation means D". For example, if the waveform, upper limit, or lower limit to be used for treatment is fixed in advance, and the therapeutic instrument of the present invention is used by turning on the power without changing the fixed value, the power supply as the operating instrument shall mean that you have selected "fixed use".

Further, since one or more of operation means A, operation means B, operation means C, or operation means D is provided, any one of operation means A, operation means B, operation means C, or operation means D or All of them may be operated not only by switches but also by remote controllers, smart phone applications, or communication from a personal computer or a remote server.
When the therapeutic instrument of the present invention is used by turning on the power without changing the fixed values relating to these operation means A, operation means B, operation means C, or operation means D, the power button as the operation instrument is turned on. shall mean that you have opted for “fixed use”.

<Paragraph E> will be described.
"The audio-visual control device 50 stores the numerical value of the phase delay θL of the light on the recording medium of the audio-visual control device 50, and uses the waveform of the target value of the transmittance control for controlling the transmittance of the LCD element 60. Selective switching, duty ratio, upper limit value, or lower limit value Adjusting one or more results is provided as an input variable”
In the above-mentioned invention item 1, the phase delay θL of the light "on the recording medium" of the audiovisual control device 50 is broadly expressed. indicates whether there is

In Example 4, based on the experiment conducted in Example 3, the audiovisual control apparatus 50 calculates an approximation expression with the result of adjusting the upper limit value or the lower limit value of the relative transmittance P as an input variable, and the phase of light is calculated. A lag θL was calculated. Similarly, based on the experiments conducted in Examples 1, 2, and 5, the selective switching of the waveform of the control target of the transmittance control, the duty ratio, the upper limit value, or the lower limit value It is possible to create an approximation formula using the adjusted result as an input variable (see, for example, the approximation formula shown in FIG. 8(b)).

In addition, the experiment level is determined by combining and changing one or more parameters of "waveform", "duty ratio", "upper limit", and "lower limit" that can include multiple frequencies, and the phase delay of light Experiments can be performed to measure θL.
Then, for example, if the waveform is a rectangular wave, by using the "duty ratio", the "upper limit" and the "lower limit" as the three parameters U, V, W, θL =F(U, V, W) can be created and used.
Also, for example, if the waveform is a sine wave with only one fundamental frequency, using U and V as the two parameters "upper limit" and "lower limit", create θL = G (U, V) as an approximate expression. available as

≪Invention Matter 6: Number of Fundamental Frequency Types≫
Invention matter 6 indicates that the number of types of fundamental frequencies is one or more.
"<Paragraph α>
The waveform of the light stimulus 200 set by the audiovisual control device 50 includes one or more of the fundamental frequencies 190,

<Paragraph β>
the number of types of the sound stimulus 210 that repeats occurring from the sounding body 160 is equal to the number of types of the fundamental frequency 190, and
The number of types of the phase synchronization signal S output by the audiovisual control device 50 is equal to the number of types of the fundamental frequency 190,
The number of types of the point A, the point B, the point C, the phase delay θL of light, the phase difference Δθ between light and sound, and the phase delay θs of sound set by the audiovisual control device 50 is equal to the number of frequencies 190 kinds,

<Paragraph γ>
The audiovisual control device 50 establishes the equation θs=θL+Δθ based on two variables, the phase delay θL of the light on the recording medium of the audiovisual control device 50 and the phase difference Δθ between the light and the sound. In controlling the timing of the point C to the phase delay θs of the sound and supplying the sounding body 160 with a drive signal that repeats the generation of the sound stimulus 210,
Control the phase delay θs of the sound for each type of the fundamental frequency 190.』

First, <paragraph α> will be described.
``The waveform of the light stimulus 200 set by the audiovisual control device 50 includes one or more of the fundamental frequencies 190,''
The present invention operates by a mechanism of generating brain waves by periodic light stimulus 200 and sound stimulus 210, and as for the light stimulus 200, one or more types of stimuli are used as described in FIG. 5(c). It can repeat at the fundamental frequency. As described in the description of this time specification method, for example, by expressing the target value of the relative transmittance P by a linear sum of sine functions (Sin) having a plurality of fundamental frequencies, only one light stimulus 200 can have more than one fundamental frequency without

In addition, as described in the hardware configuration of FIG. 4(a), two types of click sounds with different sound quality and characteristics can be generated by an equalizer, and sound stimulation 210 with two types of fundamental frequencies can be realized. . The same is true when the number of fundamental frequencies exceeds two.
When there is one fundamental frequency, the repetition frequency is equal to it, and when there are a plurality of fundamental frequencies, the "period of the repetition frequency" is the least common multiple of the "periods of the plurality of fundamental frequencies".

Next, <paragraph β> will be described.
"The number of types of the sound stimulus 210 that repeats occurring from the sounding body 160 is equal to the number of types of the fundamental frequency 190,
The number of types of the phase synchronization signal S output by the audiovisual control device 50 is equal to the number of types of the fundamental frequency 190,
The number of types of the point A, the point B, the point C, the phase delay θL of light, the phase difference Δθ between light and sound, and the phase delay θs of sound set by the audiovisual control device 50 is Equal to the number of types of frequencies 190,'

As explained in <paragraph α>, in the present invention, the same number of types of sound stimuli 210 as the fundamental frequencies 190 are provided.
Furthermore, by providing a phase synchronization signal S for each fundamental frequency, the analysis work described in FIG. 3 can be performed during product production or adjustment. Arrange as many as the number of types.
In this way, the analysis of FIG. 3 and the control of Example 4 are possible. An equal number of frequencies 190 may be provided.

Next, <paragraph γ> will be described.
“The audiovisual control device 50 establishes the equation θs=θL+Δθ based on two variables, the phase delay θL of the light on the recording medium of the audiovisual control device 50 and the phase difference Δθ between the light and the sound. When controlling the timing of the point C to cause the sound phase delay θs and supplying the sounding body 160 with a driving signal for repeating the generation of the sound stimulus 210,
Control the phase delay θs of the sound for each type of the fundamental frequency 190.』

In this <paragraph γ>, when the number of fundamental frequencies 190 is one or two or more, each type of fundamental frequency 190 such as f1 = 40 Hz and f2 = 10 Hz shown in the embodiment is shown to control the phase delay θs of . Specifically, the phase synchronization signal S is prepared for each type of fundamental frequency 190, and the analysis of FIG. The value of the phase delay θL of light is measured and analyzed by individually or in combination with parameters such as the voltage and the upper and lower limits of the specific transmittance P, in addition to the waveform and duty ratio.

After that, the audio-visual control device 50 prepares the "light intensity" calculated or specified by the "approximation formula" or "interpolation" based on the measurement data collected in the experiment of the embodiment, on the recording medium of the audio-visual control device 50. Based on the two variables of the phase delay θL and the phase difference Δθ between light and sound, the timing of point C that establishes the equation θs=θL+Δθ is controlled to the phase delay θs of the sound, and the sound stimulus 210 , is supplied to the sounding body 160 .

<Background>
The research and development of the LCD sunglasses of the present invention started from independent development in which the inventor himself suffered a cerebral infarction at the end of 2018 and conducted experiments on his own body in order to alleviate the symptoms of brain fog that frequently occurred after recovery.
At that time, GENUS (registered trademark), a “treatment using light and sound stimulation” under development in the United States with the aim of fundamentally treating Alzheimer’s disease, seemed to have a side effect that suppressed the symptoms of brain fog. This was reported in the article below.
[References]: CAROLYN WEAVER, 2017, Brain-wave treatment for Alzheimer's is promising, but the first human subject is left behind, AlterNet

This is the origin of the idea of "LCD sunglasses" that utilizes "light and sound stimulation by SSVEP and ASSR" of the present invention in combination with exercise therapy and cognitive therapy as a countermeasure against brain fog (Patent Document 3).

Since the successful development of the first LCD sunglasses, the inventor has routinely enjoyed the effect of a symptomatic treatment capable of resolving frequent symptoms of brain fog within 5 to 30 minutes. Although the underlying cerebrovascular disease (possibility of recurrence of cerebral infarction) itself cannot be improved, it is certainly effective at least as a symptomatic treatment for relieving the symptoms of brain fog in a short period of time.
On the other hand, at the stage of 2019 when the inventor developed Unit 1, the original mechanism of action of GENUS was said to be "fundamental treatment of Alzheimer's dementia that reduces amyloid β", and this LCD sunglasses is a cerebrovascular brain. The actual mechanism of the immediate effect of fog elimination could not be explained.

After continuing to search for documents that explain the fact that these LCD sunglasses quickly eliminate brain fog that frequently occurs after the healing of cerebral infarction, in 2021, in addition to Non-Patent Documents 2 and 3, the brain It has been found to be highly relevant to the phenomenon of improving mathematical coherence (5, 6) representing functional connectivity.
In 2022, he measured his own brain waves while using LCD sunglasses by introducing a multi-channel digital electroencephalograph OpenBCI (registered trademark) for engineering research, and analyzed the digital data with the mathematical analysis software MATLAB (registered trademark). As a result, statistically significant objective data confirmed the fact that a "coherence improvement effect" similar to that of GENUS had occurred.
As a result, it finally became clear that the mechanism by which LCD sunglasses eliminate brain fog in a short period of time is due to "improved functional connectivity of the brain."

In this way, the inventor himself enjoys the effects of LCD sunglasses on a daily basis. However, in order to return this to society, it is a major premise to ensure the safety and quality of LCD sunglasses. Otherwise, even basic research, let alone clinical research, cannot be requested from universities and medical institutions.
Therefore, the inventor made himself a guinea pig and worked to improve the technology, and after three years since the start of development in 2019, he finally solved the problem of "variation in effect" that hindered the practical application of LCD sunglasses. solved by invention.
As a result, the following industrial applicability is becoming a reality.

<Overview of possibilities>
By adjusting the brightness of the lens 80 and the intensity of flickering in consideration of the weakened eyesight and cognitive ability of the elderly and the risk of cerebrovascular disease, the “phase difference Δθ between light and sound” set for treatment can be obtained. was disturbed, exacerbating the problem of "effect variability".
Therefore, in the present invention, the problem is solved by automatically adjusting the timing of sound stimulation so as to keep the "phase difference Δθ between light and sound" within a certain error range.
For this reason, as with GENUS (registered trademark), a digital drug whose safety has already been confirmed in clinical trials in Non-Patent Documents 5 and 6, treatment can be performed while preventing problems such as uneven therapeutic effects and adverse events. It has become possible to conduct clinical research and trials on dosage and administration to enhance efficacy and safety.

Since the present invention has solved the quality control problem that has hindered basic research for treatment using LCD sunglasses in combination with exercise therapy and cognitive therapy, it is possible to supply LCD sunglasses as a quality-controlled therapeutic device. In addition to basic academic research on medical care, the possibility of contributing to industrial fields such as clinical medicine, nursing, and digital medicine has opened up.
In addition, in the field of digital medicine, which is a new revenue source for the ambitious pharmaceutical industry, we will research breakthrough preventive and therapeutic methods for a wide variety of neurological disorders, including cognitive impairment such as stroke rehabilitation and MCI. In doing so, it could provide a number of research questions that could lead to dramatic improvements.

<Specific example>
The present invention is based on sensory stimulation therapy "GENUS" using a light emitting body 150 and a sounding body 160 that simultaneously use 40 Hz SSVEP and ASSR whose safety has been confirmed in Non-Patent Document 5 and Non-Patent Document 6, Furthermore, when the symptoms of "weak brain fog" frequently occur after the cure of cerebral infarction, the inventor's own use case and electroencephalogram analysis case that the symptom can be eliminated in a short time of about 5 to 30 minutes. It is expected that it can be applied to delay the progression of symptoms by increasing the patient's willingness to act before the onset of cerebrovascular MCI (mild cognitive impairment).

Alternatively, even if there are no medicines currently available for treating MCI patients, but severe brain fog symptoms frequently occur due to cerebrovascular MCI or non-amnestic MCI, the sensory stimulation therapy device using the LCD sunglasses of the present invention can By increasing the functional connectivity of the brain, reducing brain fog and improving patient motivation, combined with exercise therapy and cognitive therapy to return MCI to a healthy state or progress from MCI to dementia. It is hoped that it will be possible to delay

In this way, by combining with exercise therapy and cognitive therapy, GENUS ( It is expected that the use of sensory stimulation therapy by light and sound stimulation at 40 Hz (registered trademark) can be applied not only to the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease, but also to the treatment and prevention of cerebrovascular MCI. .

In the case of Japan, brain fog occurs frequently after a cerebral infarction or other cerebrovascular disease is cured, causing patients to lose the motivation to participate in society and tend to withdraw, reducing physical and mental stimulation. It progresses to cerebrovascular MCI, and may even become severe and progress to dementia.
Therefore, if the LCD sunglasses according to the present invention can be prescribed by medical institutions as equipment for rehabilitation at the time when brain fog occurs frequently after healing of cerebrovascular disease, the occurrence of MCI and dementia patients in the elderly in Japan It may help prevent it.

If the onset of dementia in the elderly can be avoided or delayed, this will enable the elderly to live active post-retirement lives and maintain their individual quality of life (QOL) and creativity. It can help increase the chances of continuing.
In addition, if the present invention can prevent cerebrovascular MCI and dementia, many elderly people with social experience and vocational skills will be able to reduce the risk of early cognitive impairment and continue to contribute to society. It is useful for realization of society.

Furthermore, since the present invention can also be applied to frequencies other than 40 Hz, for example, alpha waves such as 10 Hz, or various frequency bands such as theta waves, and moreover, cranial nerves related to phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) with two fundamental frequencies. It may also contribute to academic research in the field.
In addition, as a treatment device for various neurological diseases such as depression, which tends to occur frequently in modern society, it can be used as equipment for academic research at medical institutions such as universities, and as a social or industrial application. It has the potential to be used.

In elderly care facilities and the like, efforts are being made to provide care using non-pharmacological therapies such as exercise therapy, cognitive therapy, and aroma therapy in order to prevent or treat dementia. If the LCD sunglasses of the present invention can reduce the symptoms of elderly people who tend to lose their motivation to participate in society due to brain fog, it is expected that the effects of various non-pharmacological care treatments will be enhanced.
This may help reduce medical costs not only for individual patients and families, but also for society as a whole.

10 LCD Sunglasses 20 Perceptual Stimulation Therapy Apparatus 30 Visual Stimulator 40 Auditory Stimulator 50 Audiovisual Control Device 55 Relative Transmittance Measurement Circuit 60 LCD Element 70 Mapping Graph 75 Inverse Mapping Graph 80 Lens 90 Repetition Frequency 150 Luminous Body 160 Sounding Body 162 Bone Conduction Earphone 164 Headphone 166 Speaker 168 Earphone 200 Light stimulation 210 Sound stimulation

Claims (6)

In a sensory therapy device 20 for prevention and symptom relief, including suppression of the progression of many types of neurological diseases, including cerebrovascular MCI, as well as brain fog due to temporary impairment of functional connectivity of the brain,

The sensory therapy instrument 20 comprises a visual stimulator 30, an auditory stimulator 40 and an audiovisual control device 50,

The visual stimulator 30 is spectacles having a lens 80 for each eye, or goggles or a face shield having a single wide lens 80 for viewing with both eyes to absorb light incident from the surrounding environment. LCD sunglasses 10 in which an LCD element 60 is arranged as the lens 80 for transmission,

The auditory stimulator 40 is a sounding body 160 that emits audible frequency sound including bone conduction earphones 162, earphones 168, headphones 164 or speakers 166;

The audiovisual control device 50 supplies a drive signal to the LCD element 60 of the visual stimulator 30 to control the transmittance, and supplies a drive signal to the sound generator 160 of the auditory stimulator 40 to control it. A control means for generating a light stimulus 200 and a sound stimulus 210 consisting of a repetition frequency 90 set in advance by the audiovisual control device 50, a waveform, and a phase difference Δθ between light and sound,

A point is the starting point of the timing at which the audiovisual control device 50 repeats control at a predetermined cycle,
Let B be the starting point of the timing for repeating the generation of the light stimulation 200 from the LCD element 60 of the LCD sunglasses 10,
The starting point of the timing for repeating the generation of the sound stimulus 210 from the sounding body 160 is point C,

Let the phase delay θL of light be from the point A to the point B,
Let the phase difference Δθ between the light and the sound be from the B point to the C point,
Let the phase delay θs of the sound be from the point A to the point C,

The audiovisual control device 50 establishes the equation θs=θL+Δθ based on two variables, the phase delay θL of the light on the recording medium of the audiovisual control device 50 and the phase difference Δθ between the light and the sound. Using LCD sunglasses, characterized by comprising control means for controlling the timing of the point C to the phase delay θs of the sound and supplying the sounding body 160 with a driving signal for repeating the generation of the sound stimulus 210 sensory stimulation therapy device
The point A is based on the phase at which the phase synchronization signal S as a pulse signal that is phase-synchronized with the starting point of the timing at which the audio-visual control device 50 repeats the control of the light stimulus 200 with a phase difference of 0 degrees. The sensory stimulation therapy instrument using LCD sunglasses according to claim 1, characterized in that phase synchronization is performed with
The sensory stimulation therapy device using LCD sunglasses according to claim 2, wherein the audiovisual control device 50 outputs the phase synchronization signal S as a measurable signal.
Regarding the point B, the transmittance of the LCD element 60 arranged as the lens 80 of the LCD sunglasses 10 repeats the light stimulus 200 with respect to the time-series waveform Vr(t),
"The moment when the time-series waveform Vrf1(t) of the fundamental frequency 190 of Vr(t) passes through Vrf1(t)=0 while increasing",
or,
"The moment when the constant k is passed while the value obtained by adding the constant k to the time-series waveform Vrf1(t) of the fundamental frequency 190 of Vr(t) is increasing"
Sensory stimulation therapy equipment using LCD sunglasses according to claim 1, characterized in that it is defined as
The audio-visual control device 50 stores the numerical value of the optical phase delay θL on the recording medium of the audio-visual control device 50 . The LCD sunglasses according to claim 1, characterized by having an "approximation formula" whose input variable is the result of adjusting one or more of the selective switching, the duty ratio, the upper limit value, and the lower limit value. sensory stimulation therapy equipment using

The waveform of the light stimulus 200 set by the audiovisual control device 50 includes one or more of the fundamental frequencies 190,
The audiovisual control device 50 establishes the equation θs=θL+Δθ based on two variables, the phase delay θL of the light on the recording medium of the audiovisual control device 50 and the phase difference Δθ between the light and the sound. In controlling the timing of the point C to the phase delay θs of the sound and supplying the sounding body 160 with a drive signal that repeats the generation of the sound stimulus 210,
The sensory stimulation therapy device using LCD sunglasses according to claim 1, characterized in that the phase delay θs of the sound is controlled for each type of the fundamental frequency 190.

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