JP2022096227A - Crushing device for excavation object - Google Patents

Abstract

To eliminate the need for an operator to visually check and determine whether muck can be fed into a crushing device.SOLUTION: A crushing device has a muck input portion 5b into which muck generated by excavation of a tunnel is put, a muck crushing portion 6b that crushes the muck put into the muck input portion 5b to a predetermined size, a detection device that informs whether a muck can be put into the muck input portion 5b. The detection device comprises a sensor 20a that detects the presence or absence of muck above a plane including an upper edge of the muck input portion 5b based on a detected distance by receiving a reflected signal of a signal transmitted horizontally toward the upper end of an inner wall surface of the muck input portion 5b, and a rotating light that operates based on the detection result from the sensor 20a, and if the sensor 20a detects any muck, indicates that the muck cannot be input, and if not, it indicates that the muck can be input.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 10

Description

The present invention relates to a crushing device for excavated materials generated by excavation work of a tunnel.

When excavating hard rock or the like in tunnel excavation work, a blasting method is adopted in which the tunnel is excavated by setting dynamite on the bedrock and exploding it. In order to carry the blasting debris from the face to the tunnel opening, a dump trunk or the like can be used, or after the blasting debris is further crushed by a crusher, it is placed on a belt conveyor and placed on the tunnel opening. There is a way to carry it. When using a belt conveyor, by not using a dump truck, etc., it is possible to prevent exhaust gas pollution and dust pollution in the tunnel, improve the safety of the work environment, and transport by labor saving. The cost can be reduced. Furthermore, by using a stretching belt conveyor instead of the belt conveyor, the stretching belt conveyor can be extended so that the moving distance of the heavy loading machine for loading the scraps on the crusher is shortened, so that the transportation work efficiency is improved. Can be planned.

A tunnel excavation technique using such a blasting method is described in, for example, Patent Document 1, and the slip generated when the tip of the tunnel is crushed by blasting or the like is shown in the first crusher and behind it. Disclosed is a technique of reducing the size with a second crusher arranged in a column and then carrying it out of a tunnel by a carry-out belt conveyor arranged in a column behind the second crusher. Further, in Patent Document 1, since the capacity of each crusher can be lowered by making the crusher into two stages, each crusher can be made smaller and the crusher is carried from the crusher to the belt conveyor. It is disclosed that since the diameter of the conveyor belt can be set to a target value, the belt conveyor can be made smaller, the belt transport speed can be improved, and the slip transport work efficiency can be improved.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-350880

In the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, since consideration is not given to how much excavated material (slip) is contained in the input portion of the crusher (crusher), the operator (operator of heavy loading machine) is not considered. ) Must visually check the amount of excavated material in the crusher from the driver's seat to determine whether or not to put it in, which hinders the improvement of work efficiency.

Further, in such a technique, although the excavated material is thrown into the input section, the excavated material may be about to spill and the injection may be interrupted in the middle, or the excavated material may be spilled from the input section. Then, the efficiency of carrying out the excavated material is lowered due to the interruption of the input of the excavated material and the post-treatment of the excavated material spilled from the input portion.

The present invention has been made from the above-mentioned technical background, and an object of the present invention is to provide a technique that does not require an operator to visually determine whether or not to insert an excavated object.

In order to solve the above problem, the excavated object crushing device of the present invention according to claim 1 has a loading section into which the excavated material generated by excavation of the tunnel is loaded and an excavated object charged into the loading section in advance. It has a crushing portion that crushes to a predetermined size and a first detection device that displays whether or not excavated material can be loaded into the loading section, and the first detecting device is an inner wall surface of the loading section. From the sensor that detects the presence or absence of an excavated object above the plane including the upper edge of the input portion, based on the distance detected by receiving the reflected signal of the signal transmitted horizontally toward the upper end of the It operates based on the detection result of the above, and is provided with a display means for displaying that the excavated material cannot be loaded when the sensor detects the excavated material and indicating that the excavated material can be loaded otherwise. It is characterized by.

The crushing device for an excavated object according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the sensor is installed on the crushing portion side of the charging section and together with the crushing section in the loading section. It is characterized by transmitting a signal toward the inner wall surface on the opposite side.

The crushing apparatus for excavated objects according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of the sensors are installed and transmit signals to different positions. It is characterized by.

In order to solve the above problem, the excavated object crushing device of the present invention according to claim 4 has a loading section into which the excavated material generated by excavation of the tunnel is loaded and an excavated object charged into the loading section in advance. It has a crushing section that crushes to a predetermined size and a second detection device that displays whether or not the excavated object can be loaded into the loading section, and the second detecting device is the excavated object in the loading section. An image display device that captures the situation of the above, an image display device that adds a reference line that overlaps the upper edge of the input section to the image captured by the image capture device, and an excavated object that is loaded into the input section. When the reference line is exceeded, it is displayed that the excavated material cannot be thrown in, and when it is not, it is provided with a display means indicating that the excavated material can be thrown in.

The crushing device for an excavated object according to claim 5 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the crushing device for the excavated object is sequentially used from the face of the tunnel toward the wellhead. It is characterized by being a first crushing device and a second crushing device arranged in tandem.

The crushing device for an excavated object according to claim 6 is the invention according to claim 5, in the case where both the first crushing device and the second crushing device can put the excavated object into the crushing device. When only the display means of the first crushing device indicates that the excavated material can be put in, and only the first crushing device can put the excavated object, the display means of the first crushing device is used. When it is displayed that the excavated object can be input and only the second crushing device can input the excavated object, the display means of the second crushing device indicates that the excavated object can be input and the first When both the crushing device and the second crushing device cannot input the excavated material, the display means of the first crushing device and the display means of the second crushing device cannot input the excavated material. It is characterized by displaying.

According to the present invention, in the first detection device, when the excavated object is detected by the sensor, it is displayed by the display means that the excavated object cannot be input, and in the second detection device, the excavated object is placed in the input section. When the input excavated material exceeds the reference line, the display means indicates that the excavated material cannot be input, so the operator visually determines whether or not the excavated material can be input to the crusher. Is no longer necessary.

It is a top view of the transport device which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view of the conveyor of FIG. It is a perspective view of the crusher which constitutes the transport device of FIG. It is an enlarged perspective view of the region A surrounded by the broken line of FIG. It is a schematic block diagram of the crusher of FIG. (A) is a plan view of the crushing portion and the crushing portion of the secondary crusher of FIG. 3, and (b) is an outline of the crushing portion and the crushing portion of the secondary crusher of FIG. 6 (a) as viewed from the side. It is a block diagram. (A) is an enlarged configuration view of a main part of the slip crushing portion of FIG. 6 (b), and (b) is a plan view of a crushing chamber of the slip crushing portion of FIG. 7 (a). It is a schematic block diagram of the detection device which informs whether or not the slip is thrown in the slip-in part of a secondary crusher. (A) is an explanatory diagram showing the detection signal path in the detection device of the secondary crusher from the side surface, and (b) is an explanatory diagram showing the detection signal path in the detection device of the secondary crusher from the plane. (A) is an explanatory diagram showing a slip-filling state in which it is judged that slip-loading is possible in the secondary crusher detection device, and (b) is a slip-loading impossible in the secondary crusher detection device. It is explanatory drawing which shows the slip | insertion state which is determined to be. It is a side view of the transport device in a tunnel at the time of a blasting process in a tunnel excavation work. It is a side view of the transport device in a tunnel after the blasting process in the tunnel excavation work following FIG. It is a top view of the transport device in the tunnel after the blasting process in the tunnel excavation work following FIG. It is a side view of the conveyor of FIG. It is a top view of the transport device in the tunnel at the time of the slip transport process in the tunnel excavation work following FIG. It is a side view of the conveyor of FIG. It is a top view of the transport device in the tunnel at the time of the process which directly puts the debris generated by blasting into the secondary crusher in the tunnel excavation work. It is a side view of the conveyor of FIG. It is a figure which shows the correspondence between the input state of the slur in the primary crusher and the secondary crusher of the transport device, and the signal display of the rotary lamp which displays whether or not the shaving installed in the primary crusher and the secondary crusher can be input. It is a schematic block diagram of the detection device which informs the possibility of the slipping in the slipping part of the secondary crusher of the transporting device which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the image of the monitor which constitutes the detection device of a secondary crusher. (A) is an explanatory diagram showing an image of a monitor that is judged to be capable of slipping into the slip loading section in the secondary crusher detection device, and (b) is not possible to slip into the slip loading section in the secondary crusher detection device. It is explanatory drawing which shows the image of the monitor which is judged to be.

Hereinafter, embodiments as an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings for explaining the embodiments, the same components are designated by the same reference numerals in principle, and the repeated description thereof will be omitted.

(First Embodiment)

First, a configuration example of the conveyor according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is a plan view of the conveyor according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the conveyor of FIG.

The transport device 1 of the present embodiment is, for example, a scrap carrier (excavated object) that transports a slip (excavated object) generated when the face K of the tunnel T is excavated by blasting to the entrance of the tunnel T, and is a crusher (excavated object). It has a crushing device) 2 and a telescopic belt conveyor (conveyor) 3.

As shown in FIG. 1, the transport devices 1 are arranged in tandem in order from the face K toward the wellhead in a state of being brought close to one side in the width direction of the tunnel T, and the other in the width direction of the tunnel T. One side of the can be used as a passage for various heavy machines such as heavy equipment for blasting charge, heavy equipment for loading, heavy equipment for support spraying, and the like.

The crusher 2 is a crusher that crushes the crushing generated by blasting to a size that can be carried by the telescopic belt conveyor 3, and is a primary crusher (first crusher) 2a and a secondary crusher (second crusher). It has a device) 2b. The primary crusher 2a and the secondary crusher 2b are composed of, for example, a self-propelled crusher, and are arranged in parallel in order from the face K toward the telescopic belt conveyor 3.

The processing capacity of the primary crusher 2a is, for example, 400 t / h (267 m ³ / h). The discharge gap (offset, hereinafter referred to as OSS) is, for example, 190 mm. The diameter of the scrap after crushing is, for example, 300 mm or less. The crushing capacity is, for example, 280 t / h, and the unnecessary crushing amount is, for example, 120 t / h.

The processing capacity, crushing capacity, and crushing-free portion of the secondary crusher 2b are, for example, the same as those of the primary crusher 2a described above. Further, the OSS of the secondary crusher 2b is set to, for example, 190 mm in the same manner as the primary crusher 2a, but after crushing, the scraps crushed by the primary crusher 2a are carried to the secondary crusher 2b. The diameter of the crusher can be, for example, 250 mm or less. However, the offset of the secondary crusher 2b may be adjusted (smaller than 190 mm) so that the diameter of the slip discharged from the secondary crusher 2b is 250 mm or less.

The telescopic belt conveyor 3 is a transportation means for carrying the scrap discharged from the secondary crusher 2b toward the wellhead, and has, for example, a primary belt conveyor 3a and a secondary belt conveyor 3b. The primary belt conveyor 3a and the secondary belt conveyor 3b are transport devices that can move (self-propelled) independently of each other, and are, for example, secondary in a state where they can expand and contract (move) along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel T. They are arranged in tandem in order from the rear of the crusher 2b toward the wellhead. The term "mutual" is usually a word that expresses the relationship between the two, but here, it is also applied when there are three or more telescopic belt conveyors 3.

The belt width of the telescopic belt conveyor 3 is, for example, about 750 mm or 900 mm, and a relatively small telescopic belt conveyor 3 can be used. Therefore, the cost of the telescopic belt conveyor 3 can be reduced. Further, since the transportation speed of the waste can be improved, the transportation efficiency of the waste can be improved. The slip carrying capacity of the telescopic belt conveyor 3 is, for example, 600 t / h.

Further, at the time of blasting, the crusher 2 and the telescopic belt conveyor 3 move to a position where the slip scattered from the face K does not reach. That is, the primary belt conveyor 3a moves to a position where it overlaps above the secondary belt conveyor 3b, and the primary crusher 2a and the secondary crusher 2b also move to positions away from the face K by that amount. This makes it possible to prevent the crusher 2 and the telescopic belt conveyor 3 from being damaged due to the slipping scattered from the face K during blasting.

On the other hand, when transporting the scraps after blasting, the crusher 2 and the telescopic belt conveyor 3 approach the face K. That is, as the primary crusher 2a and the secondary crusher 2b approach the face K, the primary belt conveyor 3a moves toward the face K. As a result, the distance from the gathering position of the scraps in the vicinity of the face K to the crusher 2 can be shortened, so that the transport time when transporting the scraps from the vicinity of the face K to the crusher 2 can be shortened.

Next, the configuration example of the crusher 2 described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 11. 3 is a perspective view of the crusher constituting the transport device of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of the area A surrounded by the broken line of FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of the crusher of FIG. 3, and FIG. 6A is shown. 3 is a plan view of the crushing portion and the crushing portion of the secondary crusher in FIG. 3, and FIG. 6B is a schematic configuration of the crushing portion and the crushing portion of the secondary crusher in FIG. 6A as viewed from the side surface. 7 (a) is an enlarged configuration view of a main part of the crushed portion of FIG. 6 (b), and FIG. 7 (b) is a plan view of the crushing chamber of the crushed portion of FIG. 7 (a).

In addition, Zuri Za indicates a slip generated by blasting, Zuri Zb indicates a slip discharged from the primary crusher 2a, and Zuri Zc indicates a slip discharged from the secondary crusher 2b. Further, since the configurations of the crushing portion and the crushing portion of the primary crusher 2a and the secondary crusher 2b are the same, the crushing portion of the secondary crusher 2b is shown in FIG. 6 as a representative.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the primary crusher 2a and the secondary crusher 2b have a traveling portion 4a, 4b, a slip loading section (loading section) 5a, 5b, and a slip crushing section (crushing section) 6a, 6b, respectively. And the belt conveyor portions 7a and 7b are integrally provided.

The traveling portions 4a and 4b of the primary crusher 2a and the secondary crusher 2b are mechanical portions for allowing the primary crusher 2a and the secondary crusher 2b to self-propell, and are configured by, for example, an endless track. The track is constructed by attaching a crawler belt, which is formed by connecting a plurality of steel crawler plates in an endless annular shape like a chain, around a plurality of rotating rollers. However, the traveling portions 4a and 4b are not limited to being configured on an endless track, and can be variously changed. For example, the traveling portions 4a and 4b may be configured to travel on tire wheels.

The slip charging portions 5a and 5b of the primary crusher 2a and the secondary crusher 2b are transportation means for transporting the slips charged in the slip charging portions 5a and 5b to the slip crushing portions 6a and 6b, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6. A feeder 10 and a hopper 11 integrally attached to a frame above the feeder 10 are provided.

The feeder 10 is composed of, for example, a grizzly feeder, and integrally includes a trough 10a and a grizzly deck 10b downstream thereof. The trough 10a is a plate that receives the trough that has been thrown in through the hoppers 11 of the grizzly loading portions 5a and 5b, and is installed in a horizontal or forward tilted state (tilted so as to be lower toward the grizzly deck 10b). .. By mechanically applying vibration to the trough 10a with vertical motion applied, the slip on the trough 10a is sent onto the front grizzly deck 10b. The grizzly deck 10b is a belt conveyor installed below the grizzly deck 10b by sieving the grizzly bears of a size that does not need to be crushed among the grizzly bears sent from the trough 10a by a plurality of grizzly bars. It is a mechanism part to be placed on (not shown) or the like.

The crushing portions 6a and 6b of the primary crusher 2a and the secondary crusher 2b are mechanical portions for crushing the crushers to a predetermined size (diameter), and are composed of, for example, a single toggle type jaw crusher. .. However, the crushing portions 6a and 6b are not limited to the single toggle type jaw crusher and can be variously changed. For example, a double toggle type jaw crusher or a low head type jaw crusher may be used.

As shown in FIGS. 5, 6 (b) and 7, the slip crushing portions 6a and 6b are oscillated by power with the fixed tooth plates 13a attached to the frames of the primary crusher 2a and the secondary crusher 2b. The moving tooth plate 13b attached to the swing jaw 14 and the crushing chamber 15 formed in a substantially V shape by facing the tooth plates 13a and 13b at a predetermined angle are provided.

The swing jaws 14 of the crushing portions 6a and 6b are installed so that the support shaft 14a (see FIG. 6B) coincides with the eccentric shaft. At the time of the crushing process, the swing jaw 14 is oscillated by the single toggle plate 16 (see FIGS. 6 (b) and 7) of the crushed portions 6a and 6b and the eccentric shaft. At this time, the movement of the swing jaw 14 changes from a circular elliptical movement to an arcuate movement as it approaches the lower part. In this state, the scraps supplied to the crushing chambers 15 of the slip crushing portions 6a and 6b are crushed by the compression action due to the oscillating motion of the moving tooth plate 13b and the collision between the crushed materials while falling due to gravity. The scraps crushed in the crushing chambers 15 of the crushing portions 6a and 6b are placed on the belt conveyor portions 7a and 7b below the crushing chamber 15. As shown in FIG. 7B, the minimum gap D between the valley of the fixed tooth plate 13a and the peak of the moving tooth plate 13b is called a set, and the time when the minimum gap D is the maximum is the open side set and the minimum time is the minimum. It is called a closed side set. The OSS described above is an interval when the open side is set.

The belt conveyor portion 7a of the primary crusher 2a is a transport means for transporting the scrap Zb discharged from the scrap crushing portion 6a of the primary crusher 2a to the slip charging portion 5b of the secondary crusher 2b at the rear stage in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel T. At the time of transporting the scrap, the primary crusher 2a is arranged so that the tip portion of the belt conveyor portion 7a relates to a part of the slip charging portion 5b of the secondary crusher 2b in the subsequent stage. The slip carrying capacity of the belt conveyor portion 7a is, for example, 600 t / h.

The belt conveyor portion 7b of the secondary crusher 2b is a transport means for transporting the scrap Zc discharged from the scrap crushing portion 6b of the secondary crusher 2b to the primary belt conveyor 3a of the telescopic belt conveyor 3. At the time of transporting the scrap, the secondary crusher 2b is arranged so that the tip end portion of the belt conveyor portion 7b is attached to a part of the primary belt conveyor 3a in the subsequent stage. The slip carrying capacity of the belt conveyor portion 7b is, for example, 600 t / h.

Next, FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a detection device that informs whether or not the secondary crusher can be slipped in, and FIG. 9A is an explanatory view showing a detection signal path in the secondary crusher detection device from the side. 9 (b) is an explanatory view showing the detection signal path in the detection device of the secondary crusher from a plane, and FIG. 10 (a) shows the slip in the detection device of the secondary crusher. An explanatory diagram showing a charging state, FIG. 10B is an explanatory diagram showing a slip charging state in which it is determined that the slip charging portion cannot be slipped in the detection device of the secondary crusher. Although the detection device is also installed in the primary crusher 2a, since the detection device of the primary crusher 2a and the detection device of the secondary crusher 2b are the same, the detection device of the secondary crusher 2b is shown in FIG. 8 as a representative. ing.

In FIG. 8, the detection device (first detection device) 20 is a device for notifying whether or not the slip can be thrown into the hopper 11 by detecting the throwing state of the slip in the hopper 11, and a plurality of units (this implementation). In the form of (2 units), the sensor 20a, the program relay circuit 20b, and the rotating lamp 20c are provided.

Each sensor 20a is a device for detecting the presence or absence of slippage above the plane including the upper edge portion of the hopper 11, and is mounted on a frame slightly above the hopper 11. Each sensor 20a is composed of, for example, an optical distance sensor or an ultrasonic distance sensor using a laser diode or an LED (Light Emitting Diode) as a light source, and is a hopper as shown in FIG. 9A. The distance is detected by receiving the reflected signal of the signal transmitted horizontally toward the upper end of the inner wall surface of 11. The sensor 20a is installed on the side of the slip crushing portions 6a and 6b of the slip charging portions 5a and 5b, and transmits a signal toward the inner wall surface of the hopper 11 on the opposite side of the slip crushing portions 6a and 6b. There is. In the present application, "horizontal" is not limited to horizontal in a strict sense (that is, a direction intersecting the direction of gravity at right angles), and a state close to horizontal, that is, almost horizontal is sufficient.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9B, the plurality of sensors 20a are installed so as to transmit signals toward different positions at the upper ends of the inner wall surface of the hopper 11, and the hopper 11 is displaced. Even if it is thrown in a biased state, it is designed so that it can be detected reliably. The number of sensors 20a is not limited to a plurality of sensors, and may be one. However, since the detection range of the slip is limited, the detection accuracy drops when the slip is thrown unevenly (the slip may not be detected), so that a plurality of sensors 20a are installed. desirable.

The sensor 20a is electrically connected to the program relay circuit 20b through wiring. This program relay circuit 20b is a circuit that controls the on (blinking or lighting) or off (off) of the rotating light 20c based on the detection signal from each sensor 20a, and is electrically connected to the rotating light 20c through wiring. ing.

In the program relay circuit 20b, when the alarm is turned off by any of the sensors 20a (that is, as shown in FIG. 10A), the Zb is displaced upward from the plane including the upper edge portion of the hopper 11 at the detection point of the sensor 20a. If there is no such thing, that is, if the sensor 20a does not detect the slip Zb), the rotary lamp 20c is turned off (turns off) to notify that the slip Zb can be turned on. On the other hand, when the alarm is turned on by any of the sensors 20a (that is, as shown in FIG. 10B, there is a slip Zb upward from the plane including the upper edge portion of the hopper 11 at the detection point of the sensor 20a, that is, When the slip Zb is detected by the sensor 20a), the rotary lamp 20c is turned on (blinking or lit) to notify that the slip Zb cannot be turned on. However, although the case where the rotary lamp 20c is turned on when any of the plurality of sensors 20c is on has been described here, the present invention is not limited to this, and the rotary lamp 20c is turned on when all the sensors 20a are on. You may want to turn it on.

The rotary light (display means) 20c is a display means for notifying whether or not a slip can be thrown into the hopper 11 by turning on (blinking or lighting) or turning off (turning off) based on a control signal from the program relay circuit 20b. , It is mounted at an easily visible position on the frame above the hopper 11. Whether or not the primary crusher 2a and the secondary crusher 2b can be charged into the slip charging portions 5a and 5b is determined by, for example, a worker who transports the slip generated by blasting to the crusher 2 of the primary crusher 2a and the secondary crusher 2b. Judgment is made by confirming the on / off state of the rotating lamps 20c arranged in each.

Next, an example of the tunnel excavation method of the present embodiment and the method of transporting the debris generated by the excavation will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 19. The excavation method is not particularly limited, but is, for example, NATM (New Austrian Tunneling Method). The rock type is not particularly limited, but is, for example, sandstone.

First, FIG. 11 is a side view of the transport device in the tunnel during the blasting process in the tunnel excavation work, and FIG. 12 is a side view of the transport device in the tunnel after the blasting process in the tunnel excavation work following FIG.

Here, as shown in FIG. 11, for example, by setting dynamite on the face K1 of the tunnel T by a self-propelled heavy machine for charging such as a hydraulic jumbo, and then blasting (blasting) the dynamite, the figure is shown. As shown in 12, the face K1 of the tunnel T is excavated. The face K2 in FIG. 12 shows the face after excavation due to blasting.

At the time of this rupture process, the primary belt conveyor 3a and the secondary belt conveyor 3b are arranged so as to overlap each other, and the primary crusher 2a, the secondary crusher 2b, the primary belt conveyor 3a and the secondary belt conveyor 3b are scattered by the rupture. It is waiting in a position where the crushed material cannot reach. As a result, it is possible to prevent the crushed material scattered by the rupture from hitting the primary crusher 2a, the secondary crusher 2b, the primary belt conveyor 3a and the secondary belt conveyor 3b. It is possible to prevent damage or breakage of the secondary crusher 2b, the primary belt conveyor 3a and the secondary belt conveyor 3b.

Subsequently, FIG. 13 is a plan view of the transport device in the tunnel after the blasting step in the tunnel excavation work following FIG. 12, and FIG. 14 is a side view of the transport device of FIG. 13.

Here, after ventilating the air in the tunnel T, as shown in FIG. 13, the primary crusher 2a, the secondary crusher 2b, and the primary belt conveyor 3a are moved toward the face K2. Further, a self-propelled loading heavy machine 30 such as a side dump shovel for loading the slip Za generated by blasting on the crusher 2 is moved to the face K2 of the tunnel T. A space (distance) is secured between the tip of the primary crusher 2a on the face side and the face K2 after the movement is stopped so that various operations such as transportation work of slip Za and support work can be performed. Further, the loading heavy machine 30 to be used is not limited to one, and may be, for example, two.

Next, FIG. 15 is a plan view of the transport device in the tunnel during the slip transportation step in the tunnel excavation work following FIG. 13, and FIG. 16 is a side view of the transport device of FIG.

Here, after starting the driving of the primary crusher 2a, the secondary crusher 2b, the primary belt conveyor 3a and the secondary belt conveyor 3b, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the slip Za generated by blasting is loaded onto the heavy machine for loading. By 30, the primary crusher 2a is charged into the slip charging portion 5a through the hopper 11.

The Zuri Za thrown into the primary crusher 2a is crushed into a Zuri Zb having a predetermined diameter by the Zuri crushing section 6a of the primary crusher 2a, and then mounted on the belt conveyor section 7a of the primary crusher 2a to be placed on the secondary crusher 2b. It is thrown into the slip-filling section 5b through the hopper 11. The diameter of the slip Zb is, for example, 300 mm or less.

The Zuri Zb thrown into the secondary crusher 2b is crushed by the Zuri crushing portion 6b of the secondary crusher 2b into a Zuri Zc having a predetermined diameter that can be loaded on the telescopic belt conveyor 3, and then the secondary crusher 2b. It is placed on the belt conveyor portion 7b, loaded on the primary belt conveyor 3a, and further delivered to the secondary belt conveyor 3b and carried to the entrance of the tunnel T. The diameter of the slip Zc is, for example, 250 mm or less.

By the way, if the slip Za is continuously charged only into the primary crusher 2a as it is, the transport amount of the scrap is determined by the processing capacity of the primary crusher 2a, so that the transport work efficiency of the slip may decrease. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the Zuri Za generated by blasting is directly charged into the secondary crusher 2b. FIG. 17 is a plan view of the transport device in the tunnel during the process in which the debris generated by blasting in the tunnel excavation work is directly thrown into the secondary crusher, and FIG. 18 is a side view of the transport device of FIG. In this case, even when the primary crusher 2a has no margin for processing and the slip Za cannot be input, the secondary crusher 2b may have a margin for processing. By directly charging Za, it is possible to improve the efficiency of transport processing of blasting.

However, even if it is possible to improve the transportation efficiency of the crusher by directly charging the crushed Za generated by the blasting into the secondary crusher 2b, the crushed material generated by the blasting is simply charged into the secondary crusher 2b. Then, the diameter of the scrap discharged from the secondary crusher 2b may become larger than the target value. In that case, the size of the telescopic belt conveyor 3 in the subsequent stage of the secondary crusher 2b is increased, resulting in high cost.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the scrap Zb sent from the primary crusher 2a to the secondary crusher 2b is crushed by the secondary crusher 2b, and the scrap Za generated by blasting is thrown into the secondary crusher 2b. It is directly put into the portion 5b. That is, in the crushing chamber 15 of the crushing portion 6b of the secondary crusher 2b, the crushing Zb of 300 mm or less after being crushed by the primary crusher 2a and the crushing Za generated by blasting are simultaneously put into the crushing chamber 15. As a result, the inside of the crushing chamber 15 of the crushing portion 6b of the secondary crusher 2b becomes compacted, so that even if the OSS of the secondary crusher 2b is 190 mm, which is the same as the OSS of the primary crusher 2a, the diameter is larger than that of the secondary crusher 2b. It was possible to discharge the slip Zb of 250 mm or less. Therefore, the size of the secondary crusher 2b and the telescopic belt conveyor 3 is not increased, so that the cost is not increased. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, when the displacement generated during excavation of the tunnel T using the blasting method is placed on the telescopic belt conveyor 3 in a state of having a diameter smaller than a predetermined diameter and transported, the efficiency of the displacement transportation work is improved. Can be improved. However, the OSS of the secondary crusher 2b may be adjusted (smaller than 190 mm) so that the diameter of the slip discharged from the secondary crusher 2b is 250 mm or less.

Next, the charging of the slip into the primary crusher 2a and the secondary crusher 2b will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 19 shows the correspondence between the loading state of the scraps in the primary crusher and the secondary crusher of the transport device and the signal display of the rotating lamp indicating whether or not the scraps installed in the primary crusher and the secondary crusher can be loaded. In addition, blue indicates that it can be input, and red indicates that it cannot be input.

Whether or not the shavings can be thrown in is determined by the worker who carries the shavings around the face caused by the rupture to the primary crusher 2a or the secondary crusher 2b, and turns on the rotating light 20c arranged in each of the primary crusher 2a and the secondary crusher 2b. Judgment is made by confirming the off display state (that is, judgment is made based on the state of slipping in the hopper 11 detected by the sensors 20a of each of the primary crusher 2a and the secondary crusher 2b).

At this time, in the present embodiment, the charging of the scrap is prioritized for the charging to the primary crusher 2a. That is, if the primary crusher 2a can be used to insert the slip and the secondary crusher 2b can also be used to insert the slip, the signal display of the rotary lamp 20c of the primary crusher 2a can be input (blue) and the secondary crusher 2b. The signal display of the rotary lamp 20c of No. 1 is set to be unreachable (red), and the operator is instructed to inject the slip Za into the primary crusher 2a. When both the primary crusher 2a and the secondary crusher 2b are capable of inserting the crusher, the reason why the crusher is inserted into the primary crusher 2a is that the crusher generated by the blasting is used as the secondary crusher. This is because if it is charged into 2b, the diameter of the scrap discharged from the secondary crusher 2b may become larger than the target value. Next, if the primary crusher 2a can insert the slip and the secondary crusher 2b cannot insert the slip, the signal display of the rotary lamp 20c of the primary crusher 2a can be input (blue), the secondary crusher. The signal display of the rotating light 20c of 2b cannot be turned on (red), and the operator is instructed to turn on the slip Za to the primary crusher 2a. Next, if the primary crusher 2a cannot insert the slip and the secondary crusher 2b can insert the slip, the signal display of the rotary lamp 20c of the primary crusher 2a cannot be input (red), and the secondary crusher The signal display of the rotating light 20c of 2b can be turned on (blue), and the operator is instructed to put the slip Za into the secondary crusher 2b.
When the primary crusher 2a cannot insert the slip and the secondary crusher 2b cannot insert the slip, the signal display of the rotary lamp 20c of the primary crusher 2a cannot be input (red), and the secondary crusher 2b The rotating light 20c of No. 1 also makes it impossible to turn on the signal display (red), and instructs the operator to wait for the turning on.

In this way, by prioritizing the injection of the slip into the primary crusher 2a, when the slip Za generated by blasting is directly thrown into the secondary crusher 2b, the slip Zb discharged from the primary crusher 2a is always the secondary crusher 2b. Since it can be brought into a state of being blasted with, it is possible to discharge the slip Zc having a diameter smaller than a predetermined diameter from the secondary crusher 2b.

Next, when the work of transporting the scraps around the face K2 of the tunnel T to the crusher 2 is completed, a covering material made of concrete or the like is sprayed on the inner wall surface of the excavated part of the tunnel T by two self-propelled spraying heavy machines. After that, a plurality of metal lock bolts are installed in the direction intersecting the inner wall surface of the tunnel T to reinforce the inner wall surface of the excavated part of the tunnel T (support work).

Subsequently, after the support work in the tunnel T is completed, after confirming that there is no slippage on the telescopic belt conveyor 3, the primary belt conveyor 3a is moved (sliding) toward the tunnel T's entrance and the secondary belt conveyor 3a is moved (sliding). It is arranged so as to overlap the belt conveyor 3b, and the primary crusher 2a and the secondary crusher 2b are moved to the tunnel side.

After that, it shifts to the blasting work of the next excavation cycle and proceeds with the same work as above. Then, the tunnel T is formed in the ground by repeating the excavation work by blasting and the transportation work of the scraps a plurality of times as described above.

(Second embodiment)

First, the detection device of the crushing device according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 20 to 22. FIG. 20 is a schematic configuration diagram of a detection device that informs whether or not the secondary crusher can be loaded, and FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing an image of a monitor constituting the secondary crusher detection device, FIG. 22 (a). Is an explanatory diagram showing an image of a monitor in which it is judged that the secondary crusher detection device can be used for slipping, and FIG. 22B shows that the secondary crusher detection device cannot be used for slipping. It is explanatory drawing which shows the image of the monitor which is judged. Although the detection device is also installed in the primary crusher 2a, since the detection device of the primary crusher 2a and the detection device of the secondary crusher 2b are the same, the detection device of the secondary crusher 2b is shown in FIG. 20 as a representative. ing.

In the crushing device of the present embodiment, the detection device (second detection device) 21 shown in FIG. 20 is provided in place of the detection device (first detection device) 20 of the first embodiment. .. Other than this, the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment.

In FIG. 20, the detection device (second detection device) 21 according to the present embodiment is a device that determines the insertion state of the slip in the hopper 11 by image processing and notifies whether or not the slip can be inserted, and is a camera ( It includes a photographing device) 21a, a recorder 21b, a hub 21c, a personal computer 21d, a monitor 21e, a program relay circuit 21f, and a rotating light 21g. In the present embodiment, the CCD camera is used as the photographing device, but other photographing devices may be used.

The camera 21a is a device for photographing the state of slippage in the hopper 11, and is mounted on a frame body above the hopper 11. However, if it is installed directly on the primary crusher 2a and the secondary crusher 2b, the image may become unclear due to vibration, etc. In that case, the scaffolding for the camera should be placed separately from the primary crusher 2a and the secondary crusher 2b. You may prepare it. The camera 21a is electrically connected to the recorder 21b through wiring.

The recorder 21b is a device for storing images such as moving images and still images taken by the camera 21a, and is electrically connected to the personal computer 21d via the hub 21c. The personal computer 21d converts the signal sent from the camera 21a into an image and displays it on the monitor 21e.

Here, the image 21ep of the monitor 21e is shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the personal computer 21d displays the reference lines L1 and L2 on the image 21ep of the monitor 21e, which overlap the upper edge of the hopper 11 with the image taken by the camera 21a. The reference line L1 is a line overlapping the upper edge portion of the hopper 11 located opposite to the camera 21a, and the reference line L2 is a line overlapping the upper edge portions of the hopper 11 located on both sides of the camera 21a. Therefore, the reference line L1 is one, but the reference line L2 is two.

The monitor 21e is electrically connected to the program relay circuit 21f through wiring. This program relay circuit 21f controls the on (blinking or lighting) or off (off) of the rotary lamp 21g based on the relationship between the displacement in the hopper 11 displayed on the image 21ep of the monitor 21e and the reference lines L1 and L2. It is a circuit that is electrically connected to the rotating light 21g through wiring.

The program relay circuit 21f turns on (blinks or lights up) the rotary lamp 21g when the displacement in the hopper 11 displayed on the image 21ep of the monitor 21e exceeds (crosses) any of the reference lines L1 and L2. It is designed to notify that it is not possible to insert a relay. That is, as shown in FIG. 22A, when the slip Zb in the hopper 11 does not exceed the reference lines L1 and L2, the rotary lamp 21g can be turned off (turned off) and the slip Zb can be thrown in. It is designed to inform you of that. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 22B, when the slip Zb in the hopper 11 exceeds any of the reference lines L1 and L2 (here, the reference line L1), the rotary lamp 21g is turned on (blinking). Or it lights up) to notify that it is not possible to insert the slip Zb. Further, in the present embodiment, the characters "Do not input!" Are displayed on the image 21ep of the monitor 21e, and the operator is informed that the slip Zb cannot be input from the image 21ep. There is.

In the present embodiment, the reference lines L1 and L2 are drawn up to the extension line of the upper edge portion of the hopper 11, but may be only the upper edge portion of the hopper 11. Further, the reference lines L1 and L2 may be in front of the slip, or conversely, may be hidden behind the slip and behind. Further, although the three reference lines L1 and L2 are displayed, it is sufficient if only the reference line L1 overlapping the upper edge of the hopper 11 located opposite the camera 21a is displayed. The reference line L2 that overlaps the upper edge of the hopper 11 located on both sides of the 21a may not be displayed.

The rotary light 21g is a display means for notifying whether or not a slip can be thrown into the hopper 11 by turning it on (blinking or lighting) or turning off (turning off) based on a control signal from the program relay circuit 21f. Is also mounted in an easy-to-see position on the upper frame. Whether or not the primary crusher 2a and the secondary crusher 2b can be charged into the slip charging portions 5a and 5b is determined by, for example, the worker who transports the slip generated by blasting to the crusher 2 of the primary crusher 2a and the secondary crusher 2b. Judgment is made by confirming the on / off state of the rotating lamps 21g arranged in each.

Although the invention made by the present inventor has been specifically described above based on the embodiments, the embodiments disclosed in the present specification are exemplary in all respects and are limited to the disclosed techniques. It's not a thing. That is, the technical scope of the present invention should not be construed in a restrictive manner based on the description in the above-described embodiment, but should be construed in accordance with the description of the scope of claims. All changes are included as long as they do not deviate from the description technology and the equivalent technology and the gist of the claims.

For example, the crusher 2 has both a detection device (first detection device) 20 for detecting the state of slippage in the hopper 11 with the sensor 20a and a detection device (second detection device) 21 for detecting with the camera 21a. You may be prepared.

Further, in the above description, the case where the blasting method is used as the tunnel excavation method has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, it can be applied even when the mechanical excavation method is used.

As described above, the crushing device for the excavated material generated by the tunnel excavation work according to the present invention is effective in applying to crushing the excavated material generated by the excavation of the ground.

1 Conveyor 2 Crusher (Crusher for excavated material)
2a Primary crusher (first crusher)
2b Secondary crusher (second crusher)
3 Telescopic belt conveyor (conveyor)
3a Primary belt conveyor 3b Secondary belt conveyor 4a, 4b Traveling section 5a, 5b Sliding loading section (loading section)
6a, 6b Zuri crushing part (crushing part)
7a, 7b Belt conveyor 10 Feeder 11 Hopper 13a Fixed tooth plate 13b Dynamic tooth plate 14 Swing jaw 14a Support shaft 15 Crushing chamber 16 Toggle plate 20 Detection device (first detection device)
20a Sensor 20b Program relay circuit 20c Beacon (display means)
21 Detection device (second detection device)
21a Camera 21b Recorder 21c Hub 21d Personal computer 21e Monitor 21ep Image 21f Program relay circuit 21g Beacon (display means)
T tunnel K, K1, K2 face L1, L2 reference line Z, Za, Zb, Zc slip (excavation)

Claims (6)

The input section where the excavated material generated by excavating the tunnel is input, and
A crushing section that crushes the excavated material thrown into the loading section to a predetermined size, and a crushing section.
It has a first detection device that displays whether or not the excavated material can be loaded into the loading section.
The first detection device is
Based on the distance detected by receiving the reflected signal of the signal transmitted horizontally toward the upper end of the inner wall surface of the loading portion, the presence or absence of an excavated object above the plane including the upper edge portion of the loading portion is detected. With the sensor
It operates based on the detection result from the sensor, and if the sensor detects an excavated object, it displays that the excavated object cannot be loaded, and if not, it displays that the excavated object can be loaded. Prepare, prepare
A crusher for excavated materials that is characterized by that. The sensor is installed on the crushing portion side of the charging section, and transmits a signal toward the inner wall surface of the charging section on the opposite side of the crushing section.
The crushing device for an excavated object according to claim 1. A plurality of the sensors are installed and transmit signals to different positions.
The crushing device for an excavated object according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the crushing device is characterized by the above. The input section where the excavated material generated by excavating the tunnel is input, and
A crushing section that crushes the excavated material thrown into the loading section to a predetermined size, and a crushing section.
It has a second detection device that displays whether or not the excavated material can be loaded into the loading section.
The second detection device is
An imaging device that photographs the status of excavated objects in the input section, and
An image display device that adds a reference line that overlaps the upper edge of the input portion to the image taken by the image pickup device and displays the image.
It is provided with a display means for displaying that the excavated material thrown into the charging unit exceeds the reference line, indicating that the excavated material cannot be loaded, and otherwise indicating that the excavated material can be loaded.
A crusher for excavated materials that is characterized by that. The excavated material crushing device is a first crushing device and a second crushing device arranged in parallel in order from the face of the tunnel toward the wellhead.
The crushing device for an excavated object according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the excavated object is crushed. When both the first crushing device and the second crushing device can input the excavated material, only the display means of the first crushing device indicates that the excavated material can be input.
When only the first crushing device can put the excavated material, the display means of the first crushing device indicates that the excavated material can be put in.
When only the second crushing device can put the excavated material, the display means of the second crushing device indicates that the excavated material can be put in.
When both the first crushing device and the second crushing device cannot input the excavated material, the display means of the first crushing device and the display means of the second crushing device display the excavated material. Display that it cannot be input,
The crushing device for an excavated object according to claim 5.

Images