JP2021147818A - Measurement method, measurement apparatus, measurement system, and measurement program - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a measurement method for accurately calculating a waveform of physical quantity of a structure regardless of a state of the structure or a moving body which moves on the structure.SOLUTION: A measurement method includes: a step S1 of acquiring first observation point information including the time when each of the sections of a moving body passes through a first observation point and physical quantity which is a response to an action; a step S2 of acquiring second observation point information including the time when the sections pass through a second observation point and physical quantity which is a response to an action; a step S3 of calculating a deflection waveform of a structure caused by the sections; a step S4 of calculating a moving body deflection waveform by adding the deflection waveform; a step S5 of calculating a measurement waveform of physical quantity of a third observation point; a step S6 of calculating a correlation function between the moving body deflection waveform and the measurement waveform; a step S7 of multiplying the correlation waveform by the moving body deflection waveform to calculate an estimated waveform; and a step S8 of selecting the measurement waveform or the estimated waveform on the basis of the magnitude of the measurement waveform.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 23

Description

The present invention relates to a measuring method, a measuring device, a measuring system and a measuring program.

In Patent Document 1, the axle load of a large vehicle passing through a bridge is important information for predicting damage to the bridge in maintaining the bridge, and the main body of the bridge is used to measure the axle load. Weight In Motion, a method for continuously measuring the strain value when the vehicle passes from a strain gauge installed on the girder and calculating the axle load, has been proposed, and is based on the strain waveform measured by the strain gauge placed on the main girder of the bridge. A bridge-passing vehicle monitoring system that measures the vehicle weight of a vehicle passing through a bridge is described. Specifically, the bridge-passing vehicle monitoring system arranges a strain gauge on the main girder for each traveling lane, detects the axle passage timing from the strain waveform measured by the strain gauge, and calculates the inter-axle ratio of the vehicle. Then, the calculated inter-axle ratio is compared with the inter-axle ratio calculated from the inter-axle distance registered in the inter-axle distance database, and the inter-axle distance, vehicle speed, and vehicle type of the vehicle are specified. In addition, the bridge passing vehicle monitoring system generates a strain waveform in which the reference axis heavy strain waveform is arranged on the time axis according to the passage timing of the axle, and the reference axis heavy strain waveform and the strain waveform measured by the strain gauge are combined. Calculate the axial weight of each axis by comparison. Then, the bridge passing vehicle monitoring system calculates the vehicle weight by summing the axle loads of each shaft.

JP-A-2009-237805

The correlation coefficient between the strain waveform and the axle load is calculated in advance by, for example, a load test using a test vehicle, but when a vehicle heavier than the test vehicle runs on the bridge, conversion to the axle load by the correlation coefficient Is an extrapolation range, so conversion accuracy is not guaranteed. In addition, if the strength of the bridge changes due to deterioration of the bridge or the like, the correlation coefficient also changes, so that the conversion accuracy decreases. In the system described in Patent Document 1, it is possible to measure the vehicle weight without measuring the displacement of the bridge by using the inter-axis distance database, but the state of a structure such as a bridge or a moving body such as a vehicle. Depending on the situation, it is not possible to accurately calculate the waveform of physical quantities such as the displacement of the structure and the load on the structure by the moving body.

One aspect of the measurement method according to the present invention is
The first observation point, the second observation point, and the third observation point between the first observation point and the second observation point of the structure in which the moving body is arranged along the first direction in which the moving body moves through the structure. Based on the observation information by the observation device that observes the first observation point among the observation points of the above, the time when the plurality of parts of the moving body each pass through the first observation point and each of the plurality of parts. The first observation point information acquisition step for acquiring the first observation point information including the physical quantity which is the response to the action on the first observation point of
Based on the observation information by the observation device that observes the second observation point, the time when the plurality of parts of the moving body each pass through the second observation point and the second of each of the plurality of parts. The second observation point information acquisition step for acquiring the second observation point information including the physical quantity that is the response to the action on the observation point, and
Deflection waveform of the structure by each of the plurality of parts of the moving body based on the first observation point information, the second observation point information, a predetermined coefficient, and an approximate expression of the deflection of the structure. Deflection waveform calculation step to calculate
The movement to calculate the bending waveform of the moving body, which is the bending waveform of the structure by the moving body, by adding the bending waveforms of the structure by each of the plurality of parts of the moving body calculated in the bending waveform calculation step. Body deflection waveform calculation step and
A measurement waveform calculation step for calculating a measurement waveform of a physical quantity of the third observation point based on observation information by an observation device for observing the third observation point, and a measurement waveform calculation step.
A correlation coefficient calculation step for calculating the correlation coefficient between the moving body deflection waveform and the measured waveform, and
An estimated waveform calculation step of multiplying the correlation coefficient by the mobile deflection waveform to calculate an estimated waveform of the physical quantity at the third observation point.
A waveform selection step of selecting the measured waveform or the estimated waveform based on the magnitude of the measured waveform is included.

One aspect of the measurement method is
In the waveform selection step
The difference between the measured waveform and the estimated waveform may be compared with a predetermined threshold value, and the measured waveform or the estimated waveform may be selected based on the comparison result.

One aspect of the measurement method is
In the correlation coefficient calculation step,
The correlation coefficient may be calculated based on the moving body deflection waveform and the measured waveform during the period when the measured waveform is between the first value and the second value.

One aspect of the measurement method is
In the waveform selection step
Information indicating whether the measured waveform or the estimated waveform is selected may be generated.

In one aspect of the measurement method
The physical quantity at the third observation point may be a displacement or a load due to the moving body.

In one aspect of the measurement method
The approximate expression of the deflection of the structure may be an expression based on the structural model of the structure.

In one aspect of the measurement method
The structural model may be a simple beam supporting both ends.

In one aspect of the measurement method
The approximate expression of the deflection of the structure may be an expression normalized by the maximum amplitude of the deflection at the central position between the first observation point and the second observation point.

In one aspect of the measurement method
The first observation point is set at the first end of the structure and
The second observation point may be set at a second end different from the first end of the structure.

In one aspect of the measurement method
The structure is a superstructure of a bridge and
The superstructure is a structure passed to any one of adjacent abutments and piers, two adjacent abutments, or two adjacent piers.
Both ends of the superstructure are located at the positions of the adjacent abutments and piers, the positions of the two adjacent abutments, or the positions of the two adjacent piers.
The bridge may be a road bridge or a railway bridge.

In one aspect of the measurement method
The moving vehicle is a railroad vehicle, an automobile, a tram, a construction vehicle, or a military vehicle.
Each of the plurality of parts may be an axle or a wheel.

In one aspect of the measurement method
The observation device for observing the first observation point, the observation device for observing the second observation point, and the observation device for observing the third observation point may be an acceleration sensor.

In one aspect of the measurement method
The observation device for observing the third observation point may be a contact type displacement meter, a ring type displacement meter, a laser displacement meter, a pressure sensitive sensor, a displacement measuring device by image processing, or a displacement measuring device by an optical fiber.

In one aspect of the measurement method
The observation device for observing the first observation point and the observation device for observing the second observation point may be an impact sensor, a microphone, a strain gauge, or a load cell.

In one aspect of the measurement method
The structure may be a structure in which BWIM (Bridge Weigh in Motion) functions.

One aspect of the measuring device according to the present invention is
The first observation point, the second observation point, and the third observation point between the first observation point and the second observation point of the structure in which the moving body is arranged along the first direction in which the moving body moves through the structure. Based on the observation information by the observation device that observes the first observation point among the observation points of the above, the time when the plurality of parts of the moving body each pass through the first observation point and each of the plurality of parts. The first observation point information acquisition unit that acquires the first observation point information including the physical quantity that is the response to the action on the first observation point of the above.
Based on the observation information by the observation device that observes the second observation point, the time when the plurality of parts of the moving body each pass through the second observation point and the second of each of the plurality of parts. The second observation point information acquisition unit that acquires the second observation point information including the physical quantity that is the response to the action on the observation point, and
Deflection waveform of the structure by each of the plurality of parts of the moving body based on the first observation point information, the second observation point information, a predetermined coefficient, and an approximate expression of the deflection of the structure. Deflection waveform calculation unit that calculates
The movement to calculate the bending waveform of the moving body, which is the bending waveform of the structure by the moving body, by adding the bending waveforms of the structure by each of the plurality of parts of the moving body calculated by the bending waveform calculation unit. Body deflection waveform calculation unit and
A measurement waveform calculation unit that calculates the measurement waveform of the physical quantity of the third observation point based on the observation information by the observation device that observes the third observation point.
A correlation coefficient calculation unit that calculates the correlation coefficient between the moving body deflection waveform and the measured waveform,
An estimated waveform calculation unit that multiplies the correlation coefficient by the moving body deflection waveform to calculate an estimated waveform of the physical quantity at the third observation point.
A waveform selection unit that selects the measured waveform or the estimated waveform based on the size of the measured waveform is included.

One aspect of the measurement system according to the present invention is
One aspect of the measuring device and
The observation device for observing the first observation point and
The observation device for observing the second observation point and
The observation device for observing the third observation point is provided.

One aspect of the measurement program according to the present invention is
The first observation point, the second observation point, and the third observation point between the first observation point and the second observation point of the structure in which the moving body is arranged along the first direction in which the moving body moves through the structure. Based on the observation information by the observation device that observes the first observation point among the observation points of the above, the time when the plurality of parts of the moving body each pass through the first observation point and each of the plurality of parts. The first observation point information acquisition step for acquiring the first observation point information including the physical quantity which is the response to the action on the first observation point of
Based on the observation information by the observation device that observes the second observation point, the time when the plurality of parts of the moving body each pass through the second observation point and the second of each of the plurality of parts. The second observation point information acquisition step for acquiring the second observation point information including the physical quantity that is the response to the action on the observation point, and
Deflection waveform of the structure by each of the plurality of parts of the moving body based on the first observation point information, the second observation point information, a predetermined coefficient, and an approximate expression of the deflection of the structure. Deflection waveform calculation step to calculate
The movement to calculate the bending waveform of the moving body, which is the bending waveform of the structure by the moving body, by adding the bending waveforms of the structure by each of the plurality of parts of the moving body calculated in the bending waveform calculation step. Body deflection waveform calculation step and
A measurement waveform calculation step for calculating a measurement waveform of a physical quantity of the third observation point based on observation information by an observation device for observing the third observation point, and a measurement waveform calculation step.
A correlation coefficient calculation step for calculating the correlation coefficient between the moving body deflection waveform and the measured waveform, and
An estimated waveform calculation step of multiplying the correlation coefficient by the mobile deflection waveform to calculate an estimated waveform of the physical quantity at the third observation point.
A computer is made to perform a waveform selection step of selecting the measured waveform or the estimated waveform based on the magnitude of the measured waveform.

The figure which shows the configuration example of the measurement system. The figure which shows the arrangement example of a sensor and an observation point. The figure which shows the arrangement example of a sensor and an observation point. The figure which shows the arrangement example of a sensor and an observation point. Explanatory drawing of acceleration detected by an accelerometer. The figure which shows an example of axle information. The figure which shows the arrangement example of a sensor and an observation point. The figure which shows the arrangement example of a sensor and an observation point. The figure which shows the arrangement example of a sensor and an observation point. The figure which shows an example of the acceleration detected with respect to the observation point. The figure which converted the acceleration amplitude of each time of FIG. 10 into the acceleration intensity. FIG. 11 is a diagram in which the acceleration intensity of FIG. 11 is binarized at a predetermined threshold value. The figure which slid the pattern of the exit time with respect to FIG. Explanatory drawing of the structural model of the superstructure of the bridge. Explanatory drawing of the structural model of the superstructure of the bridge. The figure which shows an example of the waveform of the normalized deflection amount. The figure which shows an example of the standardized deflection amount model. The figure which shows an example of the deflection waveform of a bridge by each axle. The figure which shows an example of the vehicle deflection waveform. The figure which shows an example of the displacement waveform of a predetermined range. The figure which shows an example of a load waveform. The figure which shows the correlation between the load waveform calculated from the displacement waveform and the load waveform calculated from the estimated waveform. The flowchart which shows an example of the procedure of the measurement method of 1st Embodiment. The flowchart which shows an example of the procedure of the deflection waveform calculation step. The flowchart which shows an example of the procedure of the correlation coefficient calculation step in 1st Embodiment. The flowchart which shows an example of the procedure of the waveform selection step in 1st Embodiment. The figure which shows the structural example of the measuring apparatus in 1st Embodiment. The flowchart which shows an example of the procedure of the measurement method of 2nd Embodiment. The flowchart which shows an example of the procedure of the correlation coefficient calculation step in 2nd Embodiment. The flowchart which shows an example of the procedure of the waveform selection step in 2nd Embodiment. The figure which shows the structural example of the measuring apparatus in 2nd Embodiment.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The embodiments described below do not unreasonably limit the content of the present invention described in the claims. Moreover, not all of the configurations described below are essential constituent requirements of the present invention.

1. 1. First Embodiment 1-1. Measurement system In the following, a measurement system for realizing the measurement method of the present embodiment will be described by taking as an example a case where the structure is the superstructure of a bridge and the moving body is a vehicle. The vehicle passing through the bridge according to the present embodiment is a vehicle having a large weight such as a railroad vehicle, an automobile, a tram, a construction vehicle, or a military vehicle, and can be measured by BWIM (Bridge Weigh in Motion). BWIM is a technology for measuring the weight, number of axes, etc. of a vehicle passing through a bridge by measuring the deformation of the bridge by using the bridge as a "scale". The bridge superstructure, which can analyze the weight of vehicles passing by from responses such as deformation and strain, is the structure on which BWIM functions and applies the physical process between the action and response of the bridge superstructure. The BWIM system enables the measurement of the weight of vehicles passing by.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a measurement system according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the measurement system 10 according to the present embodiment includes a measurement device 1, at least one sensor 21 provided in the superstructure 7 of the bridge 5, at least one sensor 22, and at least one sensor 23. And have. Further, the measurement system 10 may have a server 2.

The bridge 5 includes an upper structure 7 and a lower structure 8, and the upper structure 7 includes a bridge floor 7a composed of a floor plate F, a main girder G, a horizontal girder (not shown), and a bearing 7b. The substructure 8 includes a pier 8a and an abutment 8b. The superstructure 7 is a structure passed to any one of an adjacent abutment 8b and a pier 8a, two adjacent abutments 8b, or two adjacent abutments 8a. Both ends of the superstructure 7 are located at the positions of the adjacent abutments 8b and the piers 8a, the positions of the two adjacent abutments 8b, or the positions of the two adjacent abutments 8a.

The measuring device 1 and the sensors 21, 22, and 23 are connected by, for example, a cable (not shown) and communicate with each other via a communication network such as CAN (Controller Area Network). Alternatively, the measuring device 1 and the sensors 21, 22, and 23 may communicate with each other via a wireless network.

For example, each sensor 21 outputs data representing the impact of entering the superstructure 7 of the moving vehicle 6, and each sensor 22 outputs data representing the impact of exiting the superstructure 7 of the vehicle 6. do. Further, for example, each sensor 23 outputs data for calculating the displacement of the superstructure 7 due to the movement of the moving vehicle 6. In the present embodiment, each of the sensors 21, 22, and 23 is an acceleration sensor, and may be, for example, a crystal acceleration sensor or a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) acceleration sensor.

In this embodiment, each sensor 21 is installed at the first longitudinal end of the superstructure 7, and each sensor 22 is at a second end different from the first longitudinal first end of the superstructure 7. is set up.

Each sensor 21 detects the acceleration of the superstructure 7 generated when the vehicle 6 enters the superstructure 7, and each sensor 22 detects the acceleration of the superstructure 7 generated when the vehicle 6 exits the superstructure 7. Is detected. That is, in the present embodiment, each sensor 21 is an acceleration sensor that detects the entry of the vehicle 6 into the superstructure 7, and each sensor 22 is an acceleration sensor that detects the exit of the vehicle 6 from the superstructure 7. ..

Further, each sensor 23 is installed in the central portion of the superstructure 7 in the longitudinal direction. However, each sensor 23 only needs to be able to detect the acceleration for calculating the displacement of the superstructure 7, and its installation position is not limited to the central portion of the superstructure 7.

The floor plate F, main girder G, and the like of the superstructure 7 are deformed and bent downward in the vertical direction by the load of the vehicle 6 traveling on the superstructure 7. Each sensor 23 detects the acceleration of the deflection of the floor plate F and the main girder G due to the load of the vehicle 6 traveling on the superstructure 7.

The measuring device 1 calculates the displacement of the deflection of the superstructure 7 due to the traveling of the vehicle 6 based on the acceleration data output from each of the sensors 21, 22, and 23. Further, the measuring device 1 calculates the load of the vehicle 6 traveling on the superstructure 7 from the calculated displacement.

The measuring device 1 and the server 2 can communicate with each other via, for example, a wireless network of a mobile phone and a communication network 4 such as the Internet. The measuring device 1 transmits information such as the time when the vehicle 6 travels on the superstructure 7, the displacement of the superstructure 7 due to the traveling of the vehicle 6, the load of the vehicle 6, and the like to the server 2. The server 2 may store the information in a storage device (not shown), and may perform processing such as monitoring an overloaded vehicle or determining an abnormality in the superstructure 7 based on the information.

In the present embodiment, the bridge 5 is a road bridge, for example, a steel bridge, a girder bridge, an RC (Reinforced-Concrete) bridge, or the like.

2, 3 and 4 are diagrams showing an example of installation of each sensor 21, 22, 23 in the superstructure 7. Note that FIG. 2 is a view of the superstructure 7 viewed from above, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 2 cut along the line AA, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA. It is sectional drawing which cut at the line BB or the line CC.

As shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, the superstructure 7, N-number of lanes L ₁ ~L N as first through path of the first N of the vehicle 6 is moving body can _move, and the K It has a main digit _G 1 ~G _K of. Here, N and K are integers of 1 or more, respectively. Incidentally, FIG. 2, in the example of FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, in agreement with the position of each boundary of the main girder _G 1 ~G each position lane _L 1 ~L _N of _K, N = K-
1, but the position of the main girder _G 1 ~G _K are not required to match the position of each boundary of the lane _L 1 ~L _N, may be a N ≠ K-1.

2, in the example of FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, at a first end EA1 in the longitudinal direction of the superstructure 7, the sensor 21 is provided in each of the main girder G ₁ ~G _K-1, the longitudinal upper structures 7 at the second end EA2 direction, and the sensor 22 is provided in each of the main girder _{G 1 ~G K-1.} Further, in the longitudinal direction of the central portion CA of the superstructure 7, the sensor 23 is provided in each of the main girder _{G 1 ~G K-1.} 2, in the example of FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, a N = K-1, sensors 21, 22 and 23 to the main girder _{G K} is not provided, but sensors 21, 22 and 23 to the main girder _{G K} provided, may not be the sensor 21, 22, 23 is provided on one of the main girder _G 1 _{~G K-1.} Alternatively, an N = K, may be the sensor 21, 22, 23 are provided on each main beam _G 1 ~G _K.

If each of the sensors 21, 22, and 23 is provided on the floor plate F of the superstructure 7, it may be destroyed by a traveling vehicle, and the measurement accuracy may be affected by the local deformation of the bridge floor 7a. 2, in the example of FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, each sensor 21, 22, 23 are provided on the main girder _{G 1 ~G K-1} of the superstructure 7.

In the present embodiment, in association with the N sensor 21 are N observation point P ₁ to P _N are set, respectively. Observation point P ₁ to P _N are the N observation points of the superstructure 7 arranged along the second direction intersecting the first direction in which the vehicle 6 moves the superstructure 7. In the examples of FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, for each integer j of 1 or more and N or less, the observation point P _j is the vertical of the sensor 21 provided on the _{main girder G j} at the first end EA1. It is set at the position of the surface of the floor plate F in the upward direction. That is, the sensor 21 provided on the _{main girder G j} is an observation device for observing the _{observation point P j.} Sensor 21 for observing the observation point P _j can may be provided an acceleration occurring in the observation point P _j by the running of the vehicle 6 to the detectable position, it is preferably provided in a position closer to the observation point P _j .. Thus, the observation point _P 1 to P _N are the N-number of the sensor 21 and the one-to-one relationship.

Further, in the present embodiment, in association with the N sensor 22 are N observation point Q ₁ to Q _N are set, respectively. Observation point Q ₁ to Q _N is the N observation points of the superstructure 7 arranged along the third direction crossing the first direction in which the vehicle 6 moves the superstructure 7. In the examples of FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, for each integer j of 1 or more and N or less, the observation point Q _j is the vertical of the sensor 22 provided on the _{main girder G j} at the second end EA2. It is set at the position of the surface of the floor plate F in the upward direction. That is, the sensor 22 provided on the _{main girder G j} is an observation device for observing the _{observation point Q j.} Sensor 22 for observing the observation point Q _j is may be provided an acceleration occurring in the observation point Q _j by the running of the vehicle 6 to the detectable position, it is preferably provided at a position closer to the observation point Q _j .. Thus, observation point _Q 1 to Q _N is the N pieces of sensor 22 with one-to-one relationship.

Further, in the present embodiment, in association with the N sensor 23 are N observation points R ₁ to R _N are set, respectively. Observation point R ₁ to R _N is an N-number of observation points of the superstructure 7 arranged along the fourth direction intersecting the first direction in which the vehicle 6 moves the superstructure 7. In the examples of FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, for each integer j of 1 or more and N or less, the observation point R _j is in the vertical direction of the sensor 23 provided on the _{main girder G j} in the central portion CA. It is set at the position of the surface of a certain floor plate F. That is, the sensor 23 provided on the _{main girder G j} is an observation device for observing the _{observation point R j.} Sensor 23 for observing the observation point R _j is, may be provided an acceleration occurring in the observation point R _j by the running of the vehicle 6 to the detectable position, it is preferably provided in a position closer to the observation point R _j .. Thus, observation points _R 1 to R _N is in the N sensor 23 and one-to-one relationship.

In this embodiment, N pieces of the observation point _P 1 to P _N are provided, respectively associated with the lane _L 1 ~L _N. Similarly, N-number of observation points _Q 1 to Q _N are provided, respectively associated with the lane _L 1 ~L _N. Similarly, N-number of observation points _R 1 to R _N are provided, respectively associated with the lane _L 1 ~L _N. For one or more N or less for each integer j, lane _L observation point is set in association with the _{j P j,} observation points _{R j} between observation point _{Q j,} and the observation point _{P j} and the observation point _{Q j} They are arranged along a first direction in which the vehicle 6 is moving lane L _j of the superstructure 7. In the example of FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, the first direction, X direction along the lane L ₁ ~L _N of the superstructure 7, i.e., in the longitudinal direction of the superstructure 7. The second, third, and fourth directions are the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction in the plane of the superstructure 7 on which the vehicle 6 travels, that is, the width direction of the superstructure 7. However, like the case lane L ₁ ~L _N are each curved, the second direction, the third direction and the fourth direction may not coincide with each other. Further, the second direction, the third direction and the fourth direction may not be perpendicular to the first direction, for example, from the end side to the observation point P ₁ to P _N where the vehicle 6 of the superstructure 7 enters distance and the distance from the end on the side where the vehicle 6 of the superstructure 7 retreats to the observation point Q ₁ to Q _N may be different. Further, for example, it may be different from the distance from one end of the superstructure 7 to the observation point R ₁ to R _N. For each integer j of 1 or more and N or less, the observation point P _j is an example of the "first observation point", and the observation point Q _j is an example of the "second observation point". _Rj is an example of a "third observation point".

The number and installation positions of the N sensors 21, 22 and 23 are not limited to the examples shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, and various modifications can be performed.

The measuring device 1 intersects the X direction, which is the first direction, and the Y direction, which is the second, third, and fourth directions, based on the acceleration data output from each of the sensors 21, 22, and 23, respectively. Acquire the acceleration in the fifth direction. Observation point _{P 1 ~P N, Q 1 ~Q} N is displaced in a direction perpendicular to the X and Y directions by an impact, observation points _R 1 to R _N is flexures in a direction perpendicular to the X and Y directions Therefore, the measuring device 1 acquires the acceleration in the fifth direction orthogonal to the X direction and the Y direction, that is, the normal direction of the floor plate F, in order to accurately calculate the magnitude of the impact and the magnitude of the acceleration of the deflection. It is desirable to do.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the acceleration detected by the sensors 21, 22, and 23. Sensors 21, 22, and 23 are acceleration sensors that detect accelerations that occur in each of the three axes that are orthogonal to each other.

In order to detect an impact applied to the observation point P ₁ to P _N by entering the superstructure 7 of the vehicle 6, each sensor 21, x-axis is the three detection axes, y-axis, of the z-axis, one axis Is installed so as to intersect the first direction and the second direction. Similarly, in order to detect an impact applied to the observation point Q ₁ to Q _N by departure of the superstructure 7 of the vehicle 6, each sensor 22, x-axis is the three detection axes, y-axis, of the z-axis One axis is installed so as to intersect the first direction and the third direction. Further, in order to detect the acceleration of deflection of the running due to the observation point R ₁ to R _N of the vehicle 6, each sensor 23, x-axis is the three detection axes, y-axis, of the z-axis, one Axis It is installed so as to intersect the 1st direction and the 4th direction. In the examples of FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, the first direction is the X direction, and the second, third and fourth directions are the Y directions, so that each sensor 21, 22, 23 has one axis. Is installed so as to intersect the X direction and the Y direction. Since the observation points P _{1 to PN} and Q _{1 to} Q _N are displaced by the impact in the directions orthogonal to the X and Y directions, ideally, each sensor is used to accurately detect the magnitude of the impact. 21 and 22 are installed so that one axis is orthogonal to the X direction and the Y direction, that is, the normal direction of the floor plate F. Further, observation points R ₁ to R _N are so bent in a direction orthogonal to the X and Y directions, in order to accurately detect the acceleration of deflection, ideally, each sensor 23, a one-axis X It is installed in a direction orthogonal to the direction and the Y direction, that is, in the normal direction of the floor plate F.

However, when the sensors 21, 22, and 23 are installed in the superstructure 7, the installation location may be tilted. In the measuring device 1, even if one of the three detection axes of each sensor 21, 22, and 23 is not installed in the normal direction of the floor plate F, the error is small because the measurement device 1 is generally oriented in the normal direction. It can be ignored. Further, the measuring device 1 can accelerate the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis even if one of the three detection axes of each sensor 21, 22, and 23 is not installed so as to be aligned with the normal direction of the floor plate F. The combined 3-axis combined acceleration can correct the detection error due to the inclination of each sensor 21, 22, 23. Further, each of the sensors 21, 22, and 23 may be a uniaxial acceleration sensor that detects acceleration generated in a direction substantially parallel to at least the vertical direction or acceleration in the normal direction of the floor plate F.

The measuring device 1 calculates the displacement of the _{observation point R j} by low-pass filtering the acceleration detected by the sensor 23 that observes the _{observation point R i} and then integrating it twice, and a proportional coefficient to the displacement of the _{observation point R j.} the multiplied into a load on the observation point R _j by the vehicle 6. The proportionality coefficient of this load conversion is calculated in advance by, for example, a load test by a vehicle, but when a vehicle 6 heavier than the vehicle travels on the superstructure 7, the load conversion by the proportionality coefficient falls within the external range. Conversion accuracy is not guaranteed. Further, when the strength of the superstructure 7 changes due to deterioration of the superstructure 7, the proportional coefficient also changes, so that the accuracy of load conversion decreases.

Here, the observation points R _j are set at the central portion of the superstructure 7, whereas the observation points P _j and Q _j are set at the ends of the superstructure 7, so that the vehicle 6 passes through. The displacement of observation points P _j and Q _j is smaller than the displacement of _{observation points R j.} Therefore, the fluctuation of the displacement amount due to the change in the strength of the superstructure 7 _{is smaller at the observation points P j} and Q _j than at the observation point R _j , and the range of the action in which the linearity of the displacement amount with respect to the action is satisfied is set. The observation points P _j and Q _j are wider than the observation points R _j. Therefore, in this embodiment, the measuring device 1 is calculated from the observation point P _j, based on the observation information by the sensor 21, 22 for observing Q _j estimates the displacement of the observation point R _j, the sensor 23 detects acceleration If it is determined that the displacement of the observed observation point R _{i is low in accuracy, the estimated displacement of the observation point R j} is selected and output.

Hereinafter, the details of the measurement method of the present embodiment executed by the measurement device 1 will be described.

1-2. In generating this embodiment of the axle information measuring apparatus 1, based on the acceleration data which is observation information by the N sensors 21 as the observation device, a plurality of portions of the vehicle 6 is moving body observation point P _j The first observation point information including the time of passage and the physical quantity which is the response to the action of the plurality of parts on each observation point _{Pj is acquired.} Similarly, in the present embodiment, the measuring device 1 has the time and time _{when the plurality of parts of the vehicle 6 have passed the observation points Qj} , respectively, based on the acceleration data which is the observation information by the N sensors 22 as the observation devices. acquiring second observation point information including the physical quantity is a response to the action of the respective observation points Q _j of the plurality of sites. Here, j is each integer of 1 or more and N or less.

In the present embodiment, it is considered that the load from the plurality of axles or wheels included in the vehicle 6 is applied to the superstructure 7, and the first observation point information and the second observation point information are acquired from each of the plurality of parts to be acquired. Is an axle or a wheel. Hereinafter, in the present embodiment, it is assumed that each of the plurality of parts is an axle.

Further, in the present embodiment, each sensor 21 which is an acceleration sensor detects the acceleration due to the action of _{the plurality of axles on the respective observation points Pj.} Similarly, the sensors 22 in the acceleration sensor detects the acceleration by the action of the respective observation points Q _j of the plurality of axles.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the observation point _P 1 to P _N is set to a first end EA1, observation point _Q 1 to Q _N is set to a second end EA2. Therefore, the time at which the plurality of axles of the vehicle 6 has passed each observation point P _j, entry time into the superstructure 7 of each axle, and more particularly can be regarded as entry time to lane L _j. Also, the time in which a plurality of axles of the vehicle 6 has passed each observation point Q _j, exit time from the superstructure 7 of each axle, and more particularly can be regarded as exit time from the lane L _j.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the first observation point information, an acceleration strength of the physical quantity which is a response to the action of when entry time and the axles of the lanes L _j of each axle of the vehicle 6 enters the lane L _j include. The second observation point information includes an acceleration strength as a physical quantity, which is a response to the action when the exit time and the axles of the lanes L _j of each axle of the vehicle 6 retreats from the lane L _j.

Further, since the entry and exit of each axle of the vehicle 6 correspond to each other, the first observation point information and the second observation point information can be stratified, and the first observation point information, the second observation point information and these layers can be stratified. We will call it axle information including other information.

That is, in addition to the first observation point information and the second observation point information, the axle information includes _{the approach time to the lane L j} , the acceleration intensity at the time of approach, the exit time from the _{lane L j, and the exit time for each axle.} It includes correspondence information of acceleration intensity and correspondence information between the vehicle 6 and the corresponding information for each axle. Therefore, from the axle information, for each vehicle 6 that has passed the superstructure 7, the lane L _j that each axle has passed, the time that the observation points P _j and Q _j have passed, and the acceleration intensity at the time of passing are specified.

FIG. 6 shows an example of axle information. In the example of FIG. 6, the information in the first to fourth columns is information about the vehicle 6 having the vehicle number 1. The information in the first column is the information about the first axle with the axle number 1, the information in the second column is the information about the second axle with the axle number 2, and the information in the third column is the information about the axle number. It is the information about the third axle which is 3, and the information in the fourth column is the information about the fourth axle whose axle number is 4. For example, the correspondence information of the first column, the axle head of the axle numbers of vehicles 6 of the vehicle number 1 is 1, entry time to lane L ₂ is TI11, acceleration strength upon entry is located in pai11 , exit time from the lane _{L 2} is TO11, acceleration strength at exit indicates that the Pao11.

Further, the information in the fifth to sixth columns is information about the vehicle 6 having the vehicle number 2. The information in the fifth column is the correspondence information about the first axle having the axle number 1, and the information in the sixth column is the correspondence information about the second axle having the axle number 2. For example, the correspondence information of the fifth column, the axle head of the axle numbers of vehicles 6 of the vehicle number 2 is 1, entry time to lane L ₁ is Ti21, acceleration strength upon entry is located in pai21 , exit time from the lane _{L 1} is TO21, acceleration strength at exit indicates that the Pao21.

The information in the 7th to 8th columns is information about the vehicle 6 having the vehicle number 3. The information in the 7th column is the correspondence information about the first axle having the axle number 1, and the information in the 8th column is the correspondence information about the second axle having the axle number 2. For example, in the corresponding information in the seventh column, the approach time to the lane L1 is ti31 and the acceleration intensity at the time of approach is pai31 for the _first axle in which the axle number of the vehicle 6 having the vehicle number 3 is 1. , exit time from the lane _{L 1} is To31, acceleration strength at exit indicates that the Pao31.

_{As an example, FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 show an arrangement example of each sensor 21 and 22 and observation points P 1} , P ₂ , Q ₁ and Q ₂ when N = 2, and FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 show an example of arrangement. In the case of the arrangement example shown in FIG. 9, the procedure for the measuring device 1 to generate the axle information will be described.

7 is a view of the superstructure 7 viewed from above, FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 7 cut along the line AA, and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 7 taken along the line BB or C-. It is sectional drawing cut along the C line. In the example of FIGS. 7, 8 and 9, two sensors 21 are respectively provided at the first end EA1 of the superstructure 7 on the main girder _G 1, _{G 3,} the two sensors 22, upper They are respectively provided on the main girder _G 1, _{G 3} at the second end EA2 of structure 7. Further, the observation points P ₁ and Q _{1 corresponding to the lane L 1} are set at the positions of the surface of the floor plate F in the vertically upward direction of the sensors 21 and 22 provided on the main girder G ₁ , respectively, and correspond _{to the lane L 2.} observation point P _2, Q ₂ is set to the position of the surface of the floor F in the vertically upward direction of the sensor 21, 22 provided on the main girder G ₃ respectively of. The sensor 21 provided on the main girder G _{1 observes the observation point P 1,} and the sensor 21 provided on the main girder G ₃ observes the observation point P ₂ . The sensor 22 provided on the main girder G ₁ observes the observation point Q _1, the main girder G sensor 22 provided in the ₃ observes an observation point Q _2. Furthermore, two sensors 23 are provided respectively on the main girder _G 1, _{G 3} at the center CA of the upper structure 7. Further, the observation point R _{1 corresponding to the lane L 1} is set at the position of the surface of the floor plate F in the vertically upward direction of the sensor 23 provided on the main girder G ₁ , and the observation point R _{2 corresponding to the lane L 2 is set.} but it is set to a position of the surface of the floor F in the vertically upward direction of the sensor 23 provided on the main girder G _3. The sensor 23 provided on the main girder G _{1 observes the observation point R 1,} and the sensor 23 provided on the main girder G ₃ observes the observation point R ₂ .

In order to generate axle information, the measuring device 1 converts the acceleration detected by each of the sensors 21 and 22 at each time into an amplitude and acquires the acceleration intensity. The acceleration detected by each sensor 22 is not used for acquiring axle information.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of acceleration detected with respect to observation points P ₁ , P ₂ , Q ₁ and Q ₂ when a 4-axis vehicle 6 _{travels in lane L 2.} Further, FIG. 11 is a diagram in which the acceleration amplitude at each time in FIG. 10 is converted into an acceleration intensity. In the example of FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, since the vehicle 6 is traveling lane L _2, and large acceleration intensity is obtained at the time when the four axles of the vehicle 6 passes the observation point P _2, Q _2, respectively .. Four axle acceleration intensity acquired at the time of passing through the observation point P ₂ respectively included in the first observation point information. The four axle acceleration intensity acquired at the time of passing through the observation point Q ₂ respectively are included in the second observation point data.

The measuring apparatus 1, the time when the obtained acceleration intensity each axle in order from the head of the axle the time exceeds a predetermined threshold value has passed the observation point P _2, Q _2, i.e., to the lane L ₂ of each axle It is obtained as the exit time from the entry time and lane L _2.

FIG. 12 is a diagram in which the acceleration intensity of FIG. 11 is binarized at a predetermined threshold value. In the example of FIG. 12, each entry time and exit time from the lane L ₂ to lane L ₂ of the four axles are acquired. Each entry time to lane L ₂ of the four axles are included in the first observation point information. Further, each of the exit time from the lane L ₂ of the four axles are included in the second observation point data.

Furthermore, the measuring apparatus 1 has four pattern 1 of each entry time to lane L ₂ of the axle, compared with the pattern 2 of the exit time from each lane L ₂ of the four axles, the two patterns Determines whether or not is due to the passage of the same vehicle 6. Since the distance between the four axles does not change, the patterns 1 and 2 will match if the speed at which the vehicle 6 travels on the superstructure 7 is constant. For example, the measuring device 1 slides one of the times of patterns 1 and 2 so as to match the entry time and the exit time of the first axle, and sets the approach time and the exit time of each of the second to fourth axles. If the difference is less than or equal to a predetermined threshold value, it is determined that patterns 1 and 2 are due to the passage of the same vehicle 6, and if the difference is larger than the predetermined threshold value, patterns 1 and 2 are due to the passage of two vehicles 6. Judge as something. In the measuring device 1, when two vehicles 6 carry one lane at the same speed, the plurality of axles of the preceding vehicle 6 and the plurality of axles of the rear vehicle 6 are all the axles of one vehicle 6. If the interval between the entry time or exit time of two consecutive axles is more than the specified time difference, the entry time and exit time of the two axles may be divided into two vehicles 6. ..

FIG. 13 is a view in which the pattern 2 of the exit time from the _{lane L 2} of each of the four axles is slid so as to match the entry time and the exit time of the leading axle with respect to FIG. Note that FIG. 13 is enlarged in the horizontal axis direction with respect to FIG. In the example of FIG. 13, the pattern 1 of the entry time to _{each lane L 2 of} the four axles and the pattern 2 of the exit time from _{each lane L 2 of the four axles are substantially the same, and the pattern 1} , 2 are determined to be due to the passage of the same vehicle 6.

The measuring apparatus 1, the four entry time to lane L ₂ shown in FIG. 12, the peak value of the four accelerations intensity of the observation point P ₂ as shown in FIG. 11, from the lane L ₂ shown in FIG. 12 four exit time, and the peak value of the four acceleration intensity observation point Q ₂ to which shown in FIG. 11, by associating in sequence from the head, the corresponding information of the leading axle, correspondence information of the second axle, 3 Acquire the correspondence information of the fourth axle and the correspondence information of the fourth axle. Furthermore, the measuring apparatus 1 acquires the correspondence information that associates the vehicle 6 traveling on the lane L ₂ and the correspondence information of the four axles. This information is included in the axle information together with the first observation point information and the second observation point information.

Based on the axle information, the measuring device 1 indicates, for _{any vehicle 6 that has passed through the lane L j} of the superstructure 7, the approach time of each axle of the vehicle 6 to the observation point P _{j, and the observation point P j by each axle.} acceleration strength, exit time from the observation point Q _j of each axle, and can identify the acceleration intensity observation point Q _j by each axle.

1-3. In generating this embodiment of the deflection waveform, the superstructure 7 of the bridges 5, considered as a configured bridge floor 7a like floor F and the main girder G ₁ ~G _K is to be one or more continuous arrangement, measurement The device 1 calculates the displacement of one bridge floor 7a as the displacement in the central portion in the longitudinal direction. The load applied to the superstructure 7 moves from one end to the other of the superstructure 7. At this time, the position on the superstructure 7 of the load and the amount of the load can be used to express the amount of deflection, which is the displacement of the central portion of the superstructure 7. In the present embodiment, in order to express the deflection deformation when the axle of the vehicle 6 moves on the superstructure 7 as a locus of the amount of deflection due to the movement on the beam of the one-point load, the structural model shown in FIG. 14 is considered. In the structural model, the amount of deflection at the central portion is calculated. In FIG. 14, P is a load. a is a load position from the end of the superstructure 7 on the side where the vehicle 6 enters. b is a load position from the end of the superstructure 7 on the side where the vehicle 6 exits. l is the distance between both ends of the superstructure 7. The structural model shown in FIG. 14 is a simple beam having both ends as fulcrums and supporting both ends.

In the structural model shown in FIG. 14, when the position of the end of the superstructure 7 on the side where the vehicle 6 enters is zero and the observation position of the amount of deflection is x, the bending moment M of the simple beam is expressed by the equation (1). NS.

In the formula (1), the function _{H a} is defined as Equation (2).

Equation (1) is modified to obtain Equation (3).

On the other hand, the bending moment M is represented by the equation (4). In equation (4), θ is the angle, I is the moment of inertia, and E is Young's modulus.

By substituting the equation (4) into the equation (3), the equation (5) is obtained.

The equation (6) that integrates the equation (5) with respect to the observation position x is calculated, and the equation (7) is obtained. In equation (7), C ₁ is an integral constant.

Further, the equation (8) that integrates the equation (7) with respect to the observation position x is calculated, and the equation (9) is obtained. In equation (9), C ₂ is an integral constant.

In the formula (9), θx represents the amount of deflection, and the formula (10) is obtained by replacing θx with the amount of deflection w.

From FIG. 14, since b = la, the equation (10) is transformed as the equation (11).

As the deflection amount w = 0 at x = 0, because it is _H a = 0 than x ≦ a, and rearranging by substituting x ₌ w = _H a = 0 in equation (11), equation (12) is obtained ..

Further, the deflection amount w = 0 at x = l, because it is _H a = 1 than x> a, the equation (11) x = l, and rearranging by substituting _{w = 0, H a = 1} , the formula (13) is obtained.

Substituting b = la into equation (13), equation (14) is obtained.

By substituting the integral constant C ₁ of the equation (12) and the integral constant C ₂ of the equation (13) into the equation (10), the equation (15) is obtained.

The amount of deflection w at the observation position x when the load P is applied to the position a by modifying the equation (15) is expressed by the equation (16).

FIG. 15 shows how the load P moves from one end to the other end of the simple beam under the condition that the observation position x of the amount of deflection is fixed at the center position of the simple beam, that is, when x = l / 2.

When the load position a is on the left side than the observation position x = l / 2, since it is _H a = 1 than x> a, substituting _{x = l / 2, H a} = 1 in Equation (16), wherein (17) is obtained.

Equation (18) can be obtained by substituting l = a + b into equation (17) and rearranging.

_{Substituting a + b = l into equation (18), the amount of deflection w L} of the observation position x when the position of the load P is on the left side of the central observation position x = l / 2 is as shown in equation (19). ..

Meanwhile, when the load position a is on the right side than the observation position x = l / 2, since it is _H a = 0 than x ≦ a, substituting _{x = l / 2, H a} = 0 in equation (16) , Equation (20) is obtained.

_{By substituting l = a + b into equation (20) and rearranging, the amount of deflection w R} of the observation position x when the position of the load P is on the right side of the central observation position x = l / 2 is given by equation (21). Will be.

Further, when the load position a is the same as the observed position x = l / 2, since it is _H a = 0 than x ≦ a, substituting _{H a = 0, a = b} = l / 2 in the equation (16) Then, the equation (22) is obtained.

Further, when a = l / 2 is substituted into the equation (22), the amount of deflection w of the observed position x when the position of the load P is the same as the central observed position becomes as shown in the equation (23).

In a simple beam with fulcrums at both ends, the maximum deflection displacement is obtained when the load P is in the center. Therefore, from the equation (23), the maximum deflection amount w _max is expressed by the equation (24).

When the position of the load P is normalized by the maximum deflection of w _max is divided by the maximum deflection amount w _max the deflection amount w _L of the observed position x when the left than the center of the observed position x = l / 2, the formula Equation (25) is obtained from equation (19) and equation (24).

Equation (26) is obtained by setting a / l = r in equation (25).

On the other hand, when the position of the load P is normalized by the maximum deflection amount w _max be divided by the maximum deflection amount w _max the deflection amount w _R of the observed position x when the right of the center of the observed position x = l / 2 , Equation (21) and Equation (24) give equation (27).

Here, since b = l × (1-r) from a / l = r and a + b = l, b = l × (1-r) is substituted into the equation (27), and the equation (28) becomes can get.

_{Summarized with equations (25) and (27), the normalized amount of deflection w std} standardized by the maximum amount of deflection observed in the central part when the load P moves on the simple beam is given by equation (29). It is represented by.

In equation (29), r = a / l and 1-r = b / l indicate the ratio of the position of the load P to the distance l between the fulcrums of the simple beam, and the variable R is set as shown in equation (30). Define.

Using equation (30), equation (29) is replaced by equation (31).

Equations (30) and (31) show that when the observation position is in the center of the simple beam, the amount of deflection is symmetrical on the right side and the left side of the center of the load P.

FIG. 16 shows an example of the waveform of the _{normalized deflection amount wstd} when the observation position x = l / 2. In FIG. 16, the horizontal axis is the position of the load P, and the vertical axis is the normalized amount of deflection w _std . In the example of FIG. 16, the distance l = 1 between the fulcrums of the simple beam.

Included in the aforementioned axle information, exit time from entry time and Lane L _j to lane L _j of each axle of the vehicle 6, i.e., at the time the vehicle 6 has passed the respective positions of both ends of the superstructure 7 Therefore, the positions at both ends of the superstructure 7 are made to correspond to the entry time and the exit time of the axle, and the load positions a and b are replaced with time. However, it is assumed that the speed of the vehicle 6 is substantially constant and the position and time are substantially proportional.

A load position of the left end of the upper structure 7 in correspondence with entry time t _i, when the corresponding load position of the right end of the superstructure 7 and the exit time t _o, the load position a from the left end time elapsed from entry time t _i Replace with t _p . The elapsed time t _p is expressed by the equation (32).

In addition, the distance l between the fulcrum is replaced by the time _{t s} from the entry time _{t i} until the exit time _{t o.} The time t _s is expressed by the equation (33).

_{Since the speed of the vehicle 6 is constant, the time t c} at which the load position a is in the center of the superstructure 7 is represented by the equation (34).

Replacing the position with time as described above, the position of the load P becomes as shown in equations (35) and (36).

_{The normalized deflection amount wstd} in which the equations (35) and (36) are substituted into the equation (29) and replaced with time is expressed by the equation (37).

Alternatively, from equations (30) and (31), the normalized deflection amount _wstd normalized by the maximum amplitude is expressed by equation (38) by substituting the variable R with time.

Considering that the relationship between the passage of time and the standardized deflection amount is treated as observation data, the standardized deflection amount _wstd is the standard for the observation position of the center of the beam by moving a single concentrated load on the simple beam at both ends. Substituting the deflection amount model w _std (t), the equation (38) becomes as in the equation (39). Equation (39) is an approximate equation for the deflection of the superstructure 7 which is a structure, and is an equation based on the structural model of the superstructure 7. Specifically, the equation (39) is normalized by the maximum amplitude of the deflection at the central position between the observation point P _j and the observation point Q _{j in the lane L j where the vehicle 6 moves, and the maximum value is 1.} Is.

The time information required for this standardized deflection amount model w _std (t) can be obtained from the above-mentioned axle information. Since the normalized deflection amount model w _std (t) has the maximum deflection amount w _{max at} the central position of the superstructure 7, the equation (40) can be obtained.

Further, the deflection amount w shown in the above equation (23) is the deflection amount of the observation position x = l / 2 when the position of the load P is the same as the central observation position, and is the maximum deflection amount w _max . Since they match, equation (41) is obtained.

FIG. 17 shows an example of the normalized deflection amount model w _{std (t).} In the example of FIG. 17, entry time _t i = 4, a exit time _t o = 6, at time _{t c = (t i + t} o) / 2 = 5, the normalized deflection of models _{w std} (t) is _{The maximum amount of deflection w max} = 1 at the central position of the superstructure 7.

It is assumed that the superstructure 7 which is a structure functions as BWIM (Bridge Weigh in Motion), and is considered to be deformed to resemble a simple beam with both ends as fulcrums. Further, since the vehicle 6 which is a moving body passes through the superstructure 7 from one end of the superstructure 7 at a substantially constant speed and moves to the other end, the intermediate portion and the superstructure of the superstructure 7 are moved. Since the end of 7 is subjected to the same load, the observed displacement of the superstructure 7 can be considered to be approximately proportional to _{the acceleration intensity ap of the axle obtained from the axle information.}

_{Assuming that the proportional coefficient is the product of the acceleration intensity ap of the} axle obtained from the axle information and the predetermined coefficient p, the deflection waveform H (t) of the superstructure 7 by each axle can be obtained by the equation (42). .. The acceleration intensity _ap may be the acceleration intensity at the time of approach included in the axle information, the acceleration intensity at the time of exit, or a statistical value such as an average value of the acceleration intensity at the time of approach and the acceleration intensity at the time of exit. It may be.

Substituting the equation (39) into the equation (42), the deflection waveform H (t) is represented by the equation (43).

Until now, a single load P was applied to the superstructure 7, but since the _{load from each axle of the vehicle 6 is applied to the lane Lj in} which the vehicle 6 travels, the equation (43) is expressed by the equation (43). It is replaced with the deflection waveform H _jk (t) as in (44). In equation (44), k is an integer representing the axle number and j is an integer representing the lane number. As shown in the equation (44), the deflection waveform H _jk (t) is proportional to the product of a predetermined coefficient p and the acceleration intensity a _pjk.

18 shows an example of a deflection waveform of the superstructure 7 by each axle included in the vehicle 6 traveling on the lane L _j. In the example of FIG. 18, the vehicle 6 is a 4-axis vehicle, and four deflection waveforms H _j1 (t), H _j2 (t), H _j3 (t), and H _j4 (t) are shown. In the example of FIG. 18, since the load from the first and second axles is relatively small and the load from the third and fourth axles is relatively large, the deflection waveforms H _j1 (t) and H _j2 (t) are shown. The maximum amplitude is relatively small, and the maximum amplitude of the deflection waveforms H _j3 (t) and H _j4 (t) is relatively large.

Formula as shown in (45), a deflection waveform of the superstructure 7 by the vehicle 6 traveling on the lane _{L j} vehicle deflection waveform _CP jm (t) is the deflection waveform _H jk superstructure 7 by each axle (t) Is obtained by adding. In equation (45), m is an integer representing a vehicle number, k is an integer representing an axle number, and j is an integer representing a lane number.

In FIG. 19, the vehicle deflection waveform CP _jm (t) obtained by adding the four deflection waveforms H _j1 (t), H _j2 (t), H _j3 (t), and H _{j4 (t) shown in FIG.} ) Is shown.

1-4. Displacement calculation The _{displacement waveform CU j} (t), which is the measurement waveform of the displacement at the _{observation point R j} , is obtained by low-pass filtering the acceleration detected by the sensor 23 observing the _{observation point R i and then integrating it twice.} Be done. There is a correlation between the displacement waveform CU _j (t) and the vehicle deflection waveform CP _jm (t), and the correlation coefficient is almost constant in the range U _{mid_period of the displacement waveform CU j} (t) between U _{Low and} U _HI. It becomes. The range U _{mid_period} is a range in which the apparent Young's modulus of the superstructure 7 does not fluctuate, and _{the amplitude of the displacement waveform CU j} (t) is not too small and not too large. In general, since it is often the weight of the vehicle used in the load test is within 20t, the upper limit _{U HI} range _{U Mid_period} is a displacement corresponding to the load of 20t, for example, range _{U Mid_period} is the 10t~15t load It is set in the corresponding range.

FIG. 20 shows an example of the displacement waveform CU _j (t) in the range U _{mid_period of U Low} or more and U _{HI or less.} In FIG. 20, the horizontal axis is time and the vertical axis is displacement. As shown in FIG. 20, the period during which _{the displacement waveform CU j} (t) is _{between U Low} and U _{HI is defined} as t mid_period.

In the period t _{mid_period,} it is assumed that the vehicle deflection waveform CP _jm (t) and the displacement waveform CU _j (t) are approximately proportional to each other as shown in the equation (46).

The displacement waveform CU _j (t _{mid_period} ) of the equation (46) and the vehicle deflection waveform CP _jm (t _{mid_period} ) are defined by the equations (47) and (48), respectively.

The period t _{mid_period} is set _{to the period from time t 1} to time t ₂ , and the measuring device 1 calculates the average value of the proportional coefficient h _{j in the period t mid_period} by the equation (49), and the vehicle deflection waveform CP _jm (t). And the correlation coefficient h _{j_avg of the} displacement waveform CU _j (t).

Then, the measuring device 1 _{calculates an estimated waveform eU j} (t) which is a waveform obtained by multiplying _{the vehicle deflection waveform CP jm} (t) and the correlation coefficient h _{j_avg by the equation (50).} The estimated waveform eU _j (t) is a waveform of the displacement of the observation point R _{j estimated from the vehicle deflection waveform CP jm (t).}

When the difference between _{the displacement waveform CU j} (t) and the estimated waveform eU _j (t) is smaller than the _{predetermined threshold thU j} (t), the measuring device 1 has _{the displacement waveform CU j.} It is determined that (t) and the estimated waveform eU _j (t) are close to each other, and the displacement waveform CU _j (t) is selected. Displacement waveform CU _j
When (t) and the estimated waveform eU _j (t) are close _{to each other, the displacement waveform CU j} (t) calculated based on the actual measurement with respect to _{the observation point R j} is more accurate than the _{estimated waveform eU j (t).} Therefore, the measuring device 1 _{selects the displacement waveform CU j} (t).

Further, in the measuring device 1, when the difference between _{the displacement waveform CU j} (t) and the estimated waveform eU _j (t) is equal to or greater than the _{predetermined threshold thU j (t) as in the equation (52), the displacement waveform CU It is determined that j} (t) and the estimated waveform eU _j (t) do not approximate, and the estimated waveform eU _j (t) is selected. If the displacement waveform CU _j (t) and the estimated waveform eU _j (t) do not approximate, the displacement waveform CU _j (t) is considered to be less accurate than the _{estimated waveform eU j (t).} selects the estimated waveform _eU j (t).

Then, the measuring device 1 sets the selected displacement waveform CU _j (t) or the estimated waveform eU _j (t) as the displacement waveform CU _gest (t).

1-5. When calculating the vehicle 6 of the load to travel lane L _j, there is a correlation between the load to the observation point R _j by the displacement and the vehicle 6 observation point R _{j. The measuring device 1 converts the displacement waveform CU gest} (t) into the load waveform CW _j (t) by the correlation equation (53). The first-order coefficient Sc _j and the fifth-order coefficient Ic _j of the formula (53) are obtained by a load test using a plurality of vehicles.

In equation (53), assuming that Ic _j is sufficiently small, equation (54) is obtained.

_{The measuring device 1 can convert the displacement waveform CU gest} (t) into the load waveform CW _j (t) by the correlation equation (53) or the correlation equation (54).

FIG. 21 shows an example of the load waveform CW _{j (t) calculated from the displacement waveform CU j} (t) when the superstructure 7 is in a normal state with a solid line. _{In FIG. 21, the load waveform calculated from the displacement waveform CU j} (t) at the time of abnormality when the strength of the superstructure 7 is lowered is also shown by a broken line. In FIG. 21, the horizontal axis is time and the vertical axis is load. _{Further, FIG. 22 shows the correlation between the load waveform CW j} (t) shown by the solid line in FIG. 21 and the load waveform _{calculated from the estimated waveform eU j} (t) by the solid line. 22 shows the correlation between the load waveform is calculated from the load waveform and the estimated waveform eU j _(t) indicated by a broken line in FIG. 21 are indicated by broken lines. In FIG. 22, the horizontal axis is the _{measured load calculated from the displacement waveform CU j} (t), and the vertical axis is the estimated load calculated from the estimated waveform eU _j (t). In addition, in FIG. 22, the ideal correlation straight line when the measured load and the estimated load match is also shown by the alternate long and short dash line.

As shown in FIG. 21, since the superstructure 7 of strength as compared to the normal at the time of abnormality of reduced displacement waveform _CU j (t) increases, if the displacement waveform _{CU jest} (t) as a displacement waveform _CU j ( When t) is selected, a load waveform CW _j (t) larger than the actual load of the vehicle 6 is calculated. Actually, the correlation curve shown by the broken line in FIG. 22 deviates greatly from the ideal correlation straight line especially in the region where the load is large, and in the case of an abnormality, the above equation (52) holds, so that the displacement waveform CU _gest (t). The displacement waveform CU _j (t) is selected as). _{Therefore, the measuring device 1 can calculate the load waveform CW j} (t) with high accuracy even when the superstructure 7 is abnormal.

1-6. Measurement Method FIG. 23 is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure of the measurement method of the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the measuring device 1 executes the procedure shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 23, first, in the measuring device 1, for each integer j of 1 or more and N or less, a plurality of axles of the vehicle 6 are observed points based on the observation information by the sensor 21 that observes the _{observation point P j.} The first observation point information including the time when the P _j is passed and the acceleration intensity as a physical quantity which is a response to the action of the plurality of axles on the observation points P _{j is acquired (step S1).} As described above, _{the sensor 21 for observing the observation point P j} is an acceleration sensor, and the observation information by the sensor 21 is the detection information of the acceleration generated at the _{observation point P j.} The measuring device 1 acquires the first observation point information based on the acceleration detected by each sensor 21. This step S1 is a first observation point information acquisition step.

Next, the measuring device 1 is based on the observation information by the sensor 22 for observing the observation point Q _j, each observation point Q _j of the plurality of axles are time and multiple passes through the observation point Q _j axle of the vehicle 6 The second observation point information including the acceleration intensity as a physical quantity which is a response to the action on is acquired (step S2). As described above, _{the sensor 22 for observing the observation point Q j} is an acceleration sensor, and the observation information by the sensor 22 is the detection information of the acceleration generated at the _{observation point Q j.} The measuring device 1 acquires the second observation point information based on the acceleration detected by each sensor 22. This step S2 is a second observation point information acquisition step.

Next, the measuring device 1 is based on the first observation point information acquired in step S1, the second observation point information acquired in step S2, a predetermined coefficient p, and an approximate expression of the deflection of the superstructure 7. _{The deflection waveform H jk} (t) of the superstructure 7 due to each of the plurality of axles of the vehicle 6 is calculated (step S3). Specifically, the measuring device 1 generates the above-mentioned axle information by using the first observation point information and the second observation point information, and uses the axle information and a predetermined coefficient p to generate the above-mentioned equation (44). _{), The deflection waveform H jk} (t) of the superstructure 7 by each axle of the vehicle 6 is calculated. This step S3 is a deflection waveform calculation step.

_{Next, the measuring device 1 adds the deflection waveform H jk} (t) of the superstructure 7 by each of the plurality of axles of the vehicle 6 calculated in step S3 according to the above equation (45), and adds the deflection waveform H jk (t) of the vehicle deflection waveform CP. _{Calculate jm} (t) (step S4). This step S4 is a step of calculating the deflection waveform of the moving body.

Next, the measuring device 1 is based on the observation information by the sensor 23 for observing the observation point R _j, is the measurement waveform of the displacement of a physical quantity of the observation point R _j calculates the displacement waveform CU j _{(t) (step} S5). As described above, _{the sensor 23 for observing the observation point Rj} is an acceleration sensor, and the observation information by the sensor 23 is the detection information of the acceleration generated at the _{observation point Rj. The measuring device 1 calculates the displacement waveform CU j} (t) by low-pass filtering the acceleration detected by the sensor 23 and then integrating it twice. This step S5 is a measurement waveform calculation step.

Next, the measuring device 1 calculates the correlation coefficient h _{j_avg between the vehicle deflection waveform CP jm} (t) calculated in step S4 and the displacement waveform CU _j (t) calculated in step S5 (step S6). This step S6 is a correlation coefficient calculation step.

Next, the measuring device 1 _multiplies the correlation coefficient h j_avg calculated in step S6 and the vehicle deflection waveform CP _jm (t) calculated in step S4 to estimate the displacement waveform eU _j (t) of the observation point R _j. ) Is calculated (step S7). This step S7 is an estimated waveform calculation step.

Next, the measuring apparatus 1, based on the magnitude of the displacement waveform _CU j calculated in step S5 (t), displacement waveforms _CU j as displacement waveform _{CU jest} (t) (t) or the estimated waveform _eU j (t) Is selected (step S8). This step S8 is a waveform selection step.

_{Next, the measuring device 1 converts the displacement waveform CU gest} (t) into the load waveform CW _j (t) by the above-mentioned correlation equation (53) or correlation equation (54) (step S9). This step S9 is a load calculation step.

Next, the measuring device 1 _{outputs the displacement waveform CU gest} (t) selected in step S8 and the load waveform CW _j (t) calculated in step S9 to the server 2 (step S10). This step S10 is an output step.

The measuring device 1 repeats the processes of steps S1 to S10 until the measurement is completed (N in step S11).

FIG. 24 is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure of the deflection waveform calculation step which is step S3 of FIG. 23.

As shown in FIG. 24, first, the measuring device 1 sets the integer j to 1 (step S30), and uses the first observation point information and the second observation point information to enter _{the lane L j of each axle.} comparing the time pattern 1 of the pattern 2 of the exit time from the lane L _j of each axle (step S31).

Then, when the difference between the entry time of each axle included in the pattern 1 and the exit time of each axle included in the pattern 2 is equal to or less than the threshold value (Y in step S32), the measuring device 1 includes each of the axles included in the pattern 1. Axle information is generated by associating the approach time and acceleration intensity of the axle with the exit time and acceleration intensity of each axle included in the pattern 2 with one vehicle 6 (step S33).

Further, when the difference between the entry time of each axle included in the pattern 1 and the exit time of each axle included in the pattern 2 is larger than the threshold value (N in step S32), the measuring device 1 performs the process of step S33. Not performed.

When the integer j is not N (N in step S34), the measuring device 1 adds 1 to the integer j (step S35), and repeats the processes of steps S31 to S33.

Then, when the integer j becomes N (Y in step S34), the measuring device 1 sets the integer j to 1 (step S36), and uses the axle information generated in step S33 and the predetermined coefficient p to lane L. _{For each vehicle 6 traveling on j , the deflection waveform H jk} (t) of the superstructure 7 by each axle is calculated (step S37).

When the integer j is not N (N in step S38), the measuring device 1 adds 1 to the integer j (step S39), and repeats the process of step S37.

Then, when the integer j becomes N (Y in step S38), the measuring device 1 ends the processing of the deflection waveform calculation step.

FIG. 25 is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure of the correlation coefficient calculation step which is step S6 of FIG. 23.

As shown in FIG. 25, first, the measuring device 1 sets the integer j to 1 (step S61), and the period t during which _{the displacement waveform CU j} (t) is between the lower limit value U _LOW and the upper limit value U _HI. obtaining a displacement waveform _CU j _{(t mid_period)} in _{Mid_period} (step S62). The lower limit value U _LOW is an example of the "first value", and the upper limit value U _HI is an example of the "second value".

Next, the measuring device 1 _acquires the vehicle deflection waveform CP _jm (t _{mid_period} ) in the period t mid_period (step S63).

Next, the measuring device 1 is _subjected to the phase according to the above equation (49) based on _{the displacement waveform CU j} (t _{mid_period} ) acquired in step S62 and the vehicle deflection waveform CP _jm (t mid_period) acquired in step S63. The relationship number h _{j_avg} is calculated (step S64).

When the integer j is not N (N in step S65), the measuring device 1 adds 1 to the integer j (step S66), and repeats the processes of steps S62 to S64.

Then, when the integer j becomes N (Y in step S65), the measuring device 1 ends the process of the correlation coefficient calculation step.

FIG. 26 is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure of the waveform selection step which is step S8 of FIG. 23.

As shown in FIG. 26, first, the measuring device 1 sets the integer j to 1 (step S81), _{and the difference between the displacement waveform CU j} (t) and the estimated waveform eU _j (t) | CU _j (t). -EU _j (t) | is calculated (step S82).

Next, the measuring device 1 _{compares the difference | CU j} (t) -eU _j (t) | calculated in step S82 with the predetermined threshold value thU _j (t) (step S83).

The measuring apparatus 1, based on the comparison result of the step S83, the selecting displacement waveform _CU j (t) or the estimated waveform _eU j (t) as a displacement waveform _{CU jest} (t).

Specifically, in the measuring device 1, when the difference | CU _j (t) -eU _j (t) | is smaller _{than the threshold value thU j} (t) (Y in step S84), the displacement waveform CU _gest (t) The displacement waveform CU _j (t) is selected as, and the estimated waveform selection flag is set to off (step S85).

Further, the measuring apparatus 1, the difference _{| CU j (t) -eU j} (t) | If is greater than or equal to the threshold _thU j (t) (N in step S84), the estimated waveform eU as displacement waveform _{CU jest} (t) _j (t) is selected and the estimated waveform selection flag is set to ON (step S86).

As described above, when the estimated waveform selection flag is on, it indicates that the measuring device 1 has selected the displacement waveform CU _j (t), and when the estimated waveform selection flag is off, the measuring device 1 indicates the estimated waveform eU _j (t). ) Is selected. That is, the measuring device 1 generates an estimated waveform selection flag as information indicating whether _{the displacement waveform CU j} (t) or the estimated waveform eU _{j (t) is selected.}

When the integer j is not N (N in step S87), the measuring device 1 adds 1 to the integer j (step S88), and repeats the processes of steps S82 to S86.

Then, when the integer j becomes N (Y in step S87), the measuring device 1 ends the processing of the waveform selection step.

The measuring device 1 _{transmits the displacement waveform CU gest} (t) and the load waveform CW _gest (t) to the server 2 in association with the estimated waveform selection flag. If the estimated waveform selection flag is on, the server 2 may inspect the superstructure 7 because the overloaded vehicle 6 may be traveling in the superstructure 7 or the superstructure 7 may be abnormal. Prompting information may be output.

1-7. Configuration of Measuring Device FIG. 27 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the measuring device 1 according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 27, the measuring device 1 includes a control unit 110, a first communication unit 120, a storage unit 130, a second communication unit 140, and an operation unit 150.

The control unit 110 calculates the displacement of the superstructure 7, the load of the vehicle 6, and the like based on the acceleration data output from the sensors 21, 22, and 23 installed in the superstructure 7.

The first communication unit 120 receives acceleration data from each of the sensors 21, 22, and 23. The acceleration data output from each of the sensors 21 and 22 is, for example, a digital signal. The first communication unit 120 outputs the acceleration data received from each of the sensors 21, 22, and 23 to the control unit 110.

The storage unit 130 is a memory for storing programs, data, and the like for the control unit 110 to perform calculation processing and control processing. In addition, the storage unit 130 stores programs, data, and the like for the control unit 110 to realize a predetermined application function. The storage unit 130 is composed of, for example, various IC (Integrated Circuit) memories such as ROM (Read Only Memory), flash ROM, and RAM (Random Access Memory), and a recording medium such as a hard disk and a memory card.

The storage unit 130 includes a non-volatile information storage device that is a device or medium that can be read by a computer, and various programs, data, and the like may be stored in the information storage device. The information storage device may be an optical disk such as an optical disk DVD or a CD, a hard disk drive, or various types of memory such as a card-type memory or a ROM. Further, the control unit 110 may receive various programs, data, and the like via the communication network 4 and store them in the storage unit 130.

The second communication unit 140 transmits information such as a calculation result of the control unit 110 to the server 2 via the communication network 4.

The operation unit 150 performs a process of acquiring operation data from the user and transmitting it to the control unit 110.

The control unit 110 has a correlation between the first observation point information acquisition unit 111, the second observation point information acquisition unit 112, the deflection waveform calculation unit 113, the moving body deflection waveform calculation unit 114, and the measurement waveform calculation unit 115. It includes a number calculation unit 116, an estimation waveform calculation unit 117, a waveform selection unit 118, a load calculation unit 119, and an output processing unit 161.

The first observation point information acquisition unit 111 passes to one or more N or less for each integer j, a plurality of axles of the vehicle 6 based on the observation information by the sensor 21 for observing the observation point P _j is the observation point P _j was time and process of acquiring first observation point information including an acceleration strength as a physical quantity which is a response to the action of the respective observation point P _j of the plurality of axles performed. That is, the first observation point information acquisition unit 111 performs the processing of the first observation point information acquisition step in FIG. 23. The first observation point information acquired by the first observation point information acquisition unit 111 is stored in the storage unit 130.

The second observation point information obtaining unit 112, based on the observation information by the sensor 22 for observing the observation point Q _j, each observation point of the plurality of axles are time and multiple passes through the observation point Q _j axle of the vehicle 6 It performs a process of acquiring the second observation point information including acceleration strength as a physical quantity which is a response to the action of the Q _j. That is, the second observation point information acquisition unit 112 performs the processing of the second observation point information acquisition step in FIG. 23. The second observation point information acquired by the second observation point information acquisition unit 112 is stored in the storage unit 130.

The deflection waveform calculation unit 113 includes the first observation point information acquired by the first observation point information acquisition unit 111, the second observation point information acquired by the second observation point information acquisition unit 112, a predetermined coefficient p, and an upper structure. Based on the approximate expression of the deflection of the upper structure 7 based on the structural model of 7, the processing of calculating _{the deflection waveform H jk (t) of the upper structure 7 by each of the plurality of axles of the vehicle 6 is performed.} That is, the deflection waveform calculation unit 113 performs the processing of the deflection waveform calculation step in FIG. 23. _{The deflection waveform H jk} (t) calculated by the deflection waveform calculation unit 113 is stored in the storage unit 130. Further, the approximate expression of the predetermined coefficient p and the deflection of the superstructure 7 is stored in the storage unit 130 in advance.

_{The moving body deflection waveform calculation unit 114 adds the deflection waveform H jk} (t) of the superstructure 7 by each of the plurality of axles of the vehicle 6 calculated by the deflection waveform calculation unit 113, and adds the deflection waveform H jk (t) of the vehicle deflection waveform CP _jm (t). Is calculated. That is, the moving body deflection waveform calculation unit 114 performs the processing of the moving body deflection waveform calculation step in FIG. 23. _{The vehicle deflection waveform CP jm} (t) calculated by the moving body deflection waveform calculation unit 114 is stored in the storage unit 130.

Measurement waveform calculation unit 115, based on the observation information by the sensor 23 for observing the observation point R _j, processing for calculating the observation point R _j of physical quantities as the displacement of the measurement waveform and a displacement waveform CU j _(t) .. That is, the measurement waveform calculation unit 115 performs the processing of the measurement waveform calculation step in FIG. 23. _{The displacement waveform CU j} (t) calculated by the measurement waveform calculation unit 115 is stored in the storage unit 130.

The correlation coefficient calculation unit 116 calculates the correlation coefficient h _{j_avg between the vehicle deflection waveform CP jm} (t) calculated by the moving body deflection waveform calculation unit 114 _{and the displacement waveform CU j} (t) calculated by the measurement waveform calculation unit 115. Perform the calculation process. That is, the correlation coefficient calculation unit 116 performs the processing of the correlation coefficient calculation step in FIG. _{The correlation coefficient h j_avg} calculated by the correlation coefficient calculation unit 116 is stored in the storage unit 130.

_{The estimation waveform calculation unit 117 multiplies} the correlation coefficient h j_avg calculated by the correlation coefficient calculation unit 116 _{with the vehicle deflection waveform CP jm} (t) calculated by the moving body deflection waveform calculation unit 114, and determines the observation point R _j . the process of calculating the displacement of the estimate waveform _eU j a (t) carried out. That is, the estimated waveform calculation unit 117 performs the processing of the estimated waveform calculation step in FIG. 23. Estimation estimation waveform calculation unit 117 calculates waveform _eU j (t) is stored in the storage unit 130.

Waveform selection unit 118, based on the size of the measurement waveform calculation unit 115 calculates the displacement waveform _CU j (t), displacement waveforms _CU j as displacement waveform _{CU jest} (t) (t) or the estimated waveform _eU j (t ) Is selected. That is, the waveform selection unit 118 performs the processing of the waveform selection step in FIG. _{The displacement waveform CU gest} (t) selected by the waveform selection unit 118 is stored in the storage unit 130.

The load calculation unit 119 performs a process of converting _{the displacement waveform CU gest} (t) selected by the waveform selection unit 118 into the load waveform CW _{j (t).} That is, the load calculation unit 119 processes the load calculation step in FIG. 23. _{The load waveform CW j} (t) calculated by the load calculation unit 119 is stored in the storage unit 130.

The output processing unit 161 outputs the displacement waveform CU _{gest (t) selected by the waveform selection unit 118 and the load waveform CW j} (t) calculated by the load calculation unit 119 to the server 2 via the second communication unit 140. Perform processing. That is, the output processing unit 161 processes the output step in FIG. 23.

In the present embodiment, the control unit 110 is a processor that executes various programs stored in the storage unit 130, and by executing the measurement program 131 stored in the storage unit 130, the first observation point information acquisition unit 111, 2nd observation point information acquisition unit 112, deflection waveform calculation unit 113, moving body deflection waveform calculation unit 114, measurement waveform calculation unit 115, correlation coefficient calculation unit 116, estimation waveform calculation unit 117, waveform selection unit 118, load Each function of the calculation unit 119 and the output processing unit 161 is realized. In other words, the measurement program 131 is a program that causes the measuring device 1 which is a computer to execute each procedure of the flowchart shown in FIG. 23.

In the processor, for example, the functions of each part may be realized by individual hardware, or the functions of each part may be realized by integrated hardware. For example, a processor includes hardware, which hardware can include at least one of a circuit that processes a digital signal and a circuit that processes an analog signal. The processor may be a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), or the like. However, the control unit 110 may be configured as a custom IC (Integrated Circuit) such as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) to realize the functions of each part, or may realize the functions of each part by the CPU and the ASIC. good.

1-8. In the measurement method of the first embodiment described above advantageous effects, the measuring device 1 is based on the observation information by the N sensors 21 for observing the observation point P ₁ to P _N, the observation point for each axle of the vehicle 6 The first observation point information including the time when passing any one of P _{1 to PN and the acceleration intensity is acquired.} Further, the measuring apparatus 1, based on the observation information by the N sensors 22 for observing the observation point Q ₁ to Q _N, the time has passed one of the observation point Q ₁ to Q _N each axle of the vehicle 6, and The second observation point information including the acceleration intensity is acquired. Further, the measuring device 1 is based on the first observation point information and the second observation point information, a predetermined coefficient p, and an approximate expression (39) of the deflection of the superstructure 7 based on the structural model of the superstructure 7. _{The deflection waveform H jk} (t) of the superstructure 7 by each axle is calculated by the equation (44), and the deflection waveform H _jk (t) is added _{to calculate the vehicle deflection waveform CP jm} (t). Furthermore, the measuring device 1 is based on the observation information by the N sensors 23 for observing the observation point _R 1 to R _N, the displacement waveform _CU 1 observation point _{R 1 ~R N (t) ~CU} N (t) Is calculated. _{Further, the measuring device 1 calculates the correlation coefficient h j_avg between the vehicle deflection waveform CP jm} (t) and the displacement waveform CU _j (t) by the equation (49), and the correlation coefficient h by the equation (50). _{j
By multiplying _avg} and the vehicle deflection waveform CP _jm (t), the estimated waveform eU _j (t) of _{the displacement of the observation point R j is calculated.} The measuring apparatus 1, based on the magnitude of the displacement waveform _CU j (t), selects a displacement waveform _CU j (t) or the estimated waveform _eU j (t) as a displacement waveform _{CU jest} (t). Specifically, the measuring device 1 _{compares the difference between the displacement waveform CU j} (t) and the estimated waveform eU _j (t) with the predetermined threshold value thU _j (t), and displaces based on the comparison result. Select the waveform CU _j (t) or the estimated waveform eU _j (t). That is, when the difference between _{the displacement waveform CU j} (t) and the estimated waveform eU _j (t) is smaller than the _{predetermined threshold thU j} (t), the measuring device 1 _{determines the displacement waveform CU j} (t) and the estimated waveform. It _{is determined that the eU j} (t) is close _{to the displacement waveform CU j} (t), which is considered to have higher accuracy than the _{estimated waveform eU j} (t), and the displacement waveform CU _gest (t) is used. _{When the difference between the displacement waveform CU j} (t) and the estimated waveform eU _j (t) is equal to or greater than the _{predetermined threshold thU j} (t), the measuring device 1 _{determines the displacement waveform CU j} (t) and the estimated waveform eU. _It is determined that j (t) does not _{match, and the estimated waveform eU j} (t), which is considered to have higher accuracy than the _{displacement waveform CU j} (t), is selected and used as the displacement waveform CU _gest (t). Therefore, according to the measurement method of the first embodiment, the measuring device 1 can accurately calculate the displacement waveform of the superstructure 7 regardless of the state of the superstructure 7 and the vehicle 6.

Further, in the measurement method of the first embodiment, the measuring device 1 has the vehicle deflection waveform CP _jm (t) in the period t _{mid_period in which the displacement waveform CU j} (t) is between the lower limit value U _LOW and the upper limit value U _HI. And the displacement waveform CU _j (t), the correlation coefficient h _{j_avg} is calculated. Therefore, according to the measurement method of the first embodiment, in the measuring device 1, the displacement waveform CU _j (t) of the _{Umid_period in} the range in which the apparent Young's modulus of the superstructure 7 does not fluctuate and the correlation coefficient is substantially constant. ) And the vehicle deflection waveform CP _jm (t) can be used to calculate _{the highly accurate correlation coefficient h j_avg.}

Further, in the measurement method of the first embodiment, the measuring device 1, together with the displacement waveform _{CU jest} (t) and the load waveform _{CW jest} (t), one of the displacement waveform _CU j (t) and the estimated waveform _eU j (t) An estimated waveform selection flag indicating whether or not is selected is transmitted to the server 2. Therefore, according to the measurement method of the first embodiment, the server 2 can estimate whether or not the overloaded vehicle 6 is running and whether or not there is an abnormality in the superstructure 7 based on the estimated waveform selection flag.

Further, according to the measurement method of the first embodiment, the measuring device 1 can calculate the displacement waveform which is a deformation of the superstructure 7 due to the axle weight of the vehicle 6 passing through the superstructure 7, so that the superstructure 7 can be calculated. Sufficient information can be provided for the maintenance of the bridge 5 for predicting the damage of the bridge.

2. 2nd Embodiment In the measuring method of the 1st embodiment, the measuring device 1 calculates the estimated displacement waveform eU _j (t) of _{the superstructure 7 based on the vehicle deflection waveform CP jm (t).} In the measurement method of the second embodiment, _{the estimated waveform eW j} (t) of the load by the vehicle 6 _{is calculated based on the vehicle deflection waveform CP jm (t).} Hereinafter, with respect to the second embodiment, the same components as those of the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description overlapping with the first embodiment will be omitted or simplified, and the contents different from those of the first embodiment will be mainly described. do.

In the present embodiment, the measuring device 1 calculates the displacement waveform CU _j (t) of _{the observation point R j} by integrating the acceleration detected by the sensor 23 observing the _{observation point R i twice after low-pass filtering.} .. Then, the measuring device 1 _{converts the displacement waveform CU j} (t) into the load waveform CW _j (t) according to the equation (55). The first-order coefficient Sc _j and the fifth-order coefficient Ic _j of the formula (55) are obtained by a load test using a plurality of vehicles.

_{Assuming that Ic j} is sufficiently small in the formula (55), the formula (56) is obtained.

_{The measuring device 1 can convert the displacement waveform CU j} (t) into the load waveform CW _j (t) by the correlation equation (55) or the correlation equation (56). There is a correlation between the load waveform CW _j (t) and the vehicle deflection waveform CP _jm (t), and the correlation coefficient is almost constant in the range W _{mid_period of the load waveform CW j} (t) between W _{Low and} W _HI. It becomes. The range W _{mid_period} is a range in which the apparent Young's modulus of the superstructure 7 does not fluctuate, and _{the amplitude of the load waveform CW j} (t) is not too small and not too large. In general, since it is often the weight of the vehicle used in the load test is within 20t, the upper limit value _{W HI} range _{W Mid_period} and 20t, for example, range _{W Mid_period} is set in the range of 10T～15t.

Load waveform _CW j (t) is a period that is between the _{W Low} and _{W HI} and _{t mid_period,} in the period _{t mid_period,} and the vehicle deflection waveform _CP jm (t) and the load waveform _CW j (t), the formula ( It is assumed that there is an approximately proportional relationship as in 57).

The load waveform CW _j (t _{mid_period} ) of the equation (57) and the vehicle deflection waveform CP _jm (t _{mid_period} ) are defined by the equations (58) and (59), respectively.

The period t _{mid_period} is set _{to the period from time t 1} to time t ₂ , and the measuring device 1 calculates the average value of the proportional coefficient h _{j in the period t mid_period} by the equation (60), and the vehicle deflection waveform CP _jm (t). And the correlation coefficient h _{j_avg of the} load waveform CW _j (t).

Then, the measuring device 1 _{calculates an estimated waveform eW j} (t) which is a waveform obtained by multiplying _{the vehicle deflection waveform CP jm} (t) and the correlation coefficient h _{j_avg by the equation (61).} The estimated waveform eW _j (t) is a waveform of the load on the _{observation point R j of the} vehicle 6 estimated from the _{vehicle deflection waveform CP jm (t).}

When the difference between _{the load waveform CW j} (t) and the estimated waveform eW _j (t) is smaller than the _{predetermined threshold thW j} (t), the measuring device 1 has _{the load waveform CW j.} It is determined that (t) and the estimated waveform eW _j (t) are close to each other, and the load waveform CW _j (t) is selected. When the load waveform CW _j (t) and the estimated waveform eW _j (t) are close _{to each other, the load waveform CW j} (t) calculated based on the actual measurement with respect to _{the observation point R j} is obtained from the estimated waveform eW _j (t). Since it is considered that the accuracy is high, the measuring device 1 _{selects the load waveform CW j} (t).

Further, in the measuring device 1, when the difference between _{the load waveform CW j} (t) and the estimated waveform eW _j (t) is equal to or greater than the _{predetermined threshold thW j (t) as in the equation (63), the load waveform CW It is determined that j} (t) and the estimated waveform eW _j (t) do not approximate, and the estimated waveform eW _j (t) is selected. If the load waveform CW _j (t) and the estimated waveform eW _j (t) do not approximate, the load waveform CW _j (t) is considered to be less accurate than the _{estimated waveform eW j (t).} Selects the estimated waveform eW _j (t).

Then, the measuring device 1 sets the selected load waveform CW _j (t) or the estimated waveform eW _j (t) as the load waveform CW _gest (t).

FIG. 28 is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure of the measurement method of the second embodiment. In this embodiment, the measuring device 1 executes the procedure shown in FIG. 28.

As shown in FIG. 28, first, the measuring device 1 performs the processing of steps S101 to S104 similar to steps S1 to S4 of FIG. 23.

Next, the measuring device 1 is calculated based on the observation information by the sensor 23 for observing the observation point R _j, the load waveform CW j by the vehicle 6 as a physical quantity of the observation point R _j is the measurement waveform of the load _(t) of (Step S105). _{The measuring device 1 calculates the displacement waveform CU j} (t) by integrating twice after low-pass filtering the acceleration detected by the sensor 23, and uses the correlation equation (55) or the correlation equation (56) to calculate the displacement waveform CU. _{Convert j} (t) to the load waveform CW _j (t). This step S105 is a measurement waveform calculation step.

Next, the measuring device 1 calculates the correlation coefficient h _{j_avg between the vehicle deflection waveform CP jm} (t) calculated in step S104 and the load waveform CW _j (t) calculated in step S105 (step S106). This step S106 is a correlation coefficient calculation step.

Next, the measuring device 1 _multiplies the correlation coefficient h j_avg calculated in step S106 by the vehicle deflection waveform CP _jm (t) calculated in step S104, and estimates the load waveform on the _{observation point R j} of the vehicle 6. eW _j (t) is calculated (step S107). This step S107 is an estimated waveform calculation step.

Next, the measuring device 1 sets the _{load waveform CW jest} (t) as the load waveform CW _j (t) or the estimated waveform eW _j (t) based on the magnitude of _{the load waveform CW j (t) calculated in step S105.} Is selected (step S108). This step S108 is a waveform selection step.

Next, the measuring device 1 _{outputs the load waveform CW gest} (t) selected in step S108 to the server 2 (step S109). This step S109 is an output step.

The measuring device 1 repeats the processes of steps S101 to S109 until the measurement is completed (N in step S110).

FIG. 29 is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure of the correlation coefficient calculation step which is step S106 of FIG. 28.

As shown in FIG. 29, first, the measuring device 1 sets the integer j to 1 (step S161), and the period t during which _{the load waveform CW j} (t) is between the lower limit value W _LOW and the upper limit value W _HI. obtaining a load waveform _CW j _{(t mid_period)} in _{Mid_period} (step S162). The lower limit value W _LOW is an example of the "first value", and the upper limit value W _HI is an example of the "second value".

Next, the measuring device 1 _acquires the vehicle deflection waveform CP _jm (t _{mid_period} ) in the period t mid_period (step S163).

Next, the measuring device 1 has a correlation coefficient according to the equation (60) based on _{the load waveform CW j} (t _{mid_period} ) acquired in step S162 and the vehicle deflection waveform CP _jm (t _{mid_period) acquired in step S163.} h _{j_avg} is calculated (step S164).

When the integer j is not N (N in step S165), the measuring device 1 adds 1 to the integer j (step S166), and repeats the processes of steps S162 to S164.

Then, when the integer j becomes N (Y in step S165), the measuring device 1 ends the process of the correlation coefficient calculation step.

FIG. 30 is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure of the waveform selection step which is step S108 of FIG. 28.

As shown in FIG. 30, first, the measuring device 1 sets the integer j to 1 (step S181), _{and the difference between the load waveform CW j} (t) and the estimated waveform eW _j (t) | CW _j (t). -EW _j (t) | is calculated (step S182).

Next, the measuring device 1 _{compares the difference | CW j} (t) -eW _j (t) | calculated in step S182 with the predetermined threshold value thW _j (t) (step S183).

The measuring apparatus 1, based on the comparison result of the step S183, selects the load waveform _CW j (t) or the estimated waveform _eW j (t) as a load waveform _{CW jest} (t).

Specifically, in the measuring device 1, when the difference | CW _j (t) -eW _j (t) | is smaller _{than the threshold value thW j} (t) (Y in step S184), the load waveform CW _gest (t) The load waveform CW _j (t) is selected as, and the estimated waveform selection flag is set to off (step S185).

Further, the measuring apparatus 1, the difference _{| CW j (t) -eW j} (t) | is the estimated waveform eW if less than the threshold value _THW j (t) as (N in step S184), the load waveform _{CW jest} (t) _j (t) is selected and the estimated waveform selection flag is set to ON (step S186).

As described above, when the estimated waveform selection flag is on, it indicates that the measuring device 1 has selected the load waveform CW _j (t), and when the estimated waveform selection flag is off, the measuring device 1 indicates the estimated waveform eW _j (t). ) Is selected. That is, the measuring device 1 generates an estimated waveform selection flag as information indicating whether _{the load waveform CW j} (t) or the estimated waveform eW _{j (t) is selected.}

When the integer j is not N (N in step S187), the measuring device 1 adds 1 to the integer j (step S188), and repeats the processes of steps S182 to S186.

Then, when the integer j becomes N (Y in step S187), the measuring device 1 ends the processing of the waveform selection step.

The measuring device 1 _{transmits the load waveform CW gest} (t) and the displacement waveform CU _j (t) to the server 2 in association with the estimated waveform selection flag. If the estimated waveform selection flag is on, the server 2 may inspect the superstructure 7 because the overloaded vehicle 6 may be traveling in the superstructure 7 or the superstructure 7 may be abnormal. Prompting information may be output.

FIG. 31 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the measuring device 1 according to the second embodiment. In FIG. 31, the same components as those in FIG. 27 are designated by the same reference numerals. As shown in FIG. 31, the measuring device 1 includes a control unit 110, a first communication unit 120, a storage unit 130, a second communication unit 140, and an operation unit 150, as in the first embodiment. doing.

Since the processes performed by the first communication unit 120, the storage unit 130, the second communication unit 140, and the operation unit 150 are the same as those in the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.

The control unit 110 calculates the displacement of the superstructure 7, the load of the vehicle 6, and the like based on the acceleration data output from the sensors 21, 22, and 23 installed in the superstructure 7.

The control unit 110 has a correlation between the first observation point information acquisition unit 111, the second observation point information acquisition unit 112, the deflection waveform calculation unit 113, the moving body deflection waveform calculation unit 114, and the measurement waveform calculation unit 115. It includes a number calculation unit 116, an estimation waveform calculation unit 117, a waveform selection unit 118, and an output processing unit 161.

The processes performed by the first observation point information acquisition unit 111, the second observation point information acquisition unit 112, the deflection waveform calculation unit 113, and the moving body deflection waveform calculation unit 114 are the same as those in the first embodiment. Omit.

Measurement waveform calculation unit 115, based on the observation information by the sensor 23 for observing the observation point R _j, by the vehicle 6 as a physical quantity of the observation point R _j is the measurement waveform of the load the load waveform CW j _(t
) Is calculated. That is, the measurement waveform calculation unit 115 performs the processing of the measurement waveform calculation step in FIG. 28. _{The load waveform CW j} (t) calculated by the measurement waveform calculation unit 115 is stored in the storage unit 130.

The correlation coefficient calculation unit 116 calculates the correlation coefficient h _{j_avg between the vehicle deflection waveform CP jm} (t) calculated by the moving body deflection waveform calculation unit 114 _{and the load waveform CW j} (t) calculated by the measurement waveform calculation unit 115. Perform the calculation process. That is, the correlation coefficient calculation unit 116 performs the processing of the correlation coefficient calculation step in FIG. 28. _{The correlation coefficient h j_avg} calculated by the correlation coefficient calculation unit 116 is stored in the storage unit 130.

_{The estimated waveform calculation unit 117 multiplies} the correlation coefficient h j_avg calculated by the correlation coefficient calculation unit 116 _{with the vehicle deflection waveform CP jm} (t) calculated by the moving body deflection waveform calculation unit 114, and the observation point of the vehicle 6. A process of calculating the estimated waveform eW _j (t) of the load on R _{j is performed.} That is, the estimated waveform calculation unit 117 performs the processing of the estimated waveform calculation step in FIG. 28. _{The estimated waveform eW j} (t) calculated by the estimated waveform calculation unit 117 is stored in the storage unit 130.

Waveform selection unit 118, based on the magnitude of the load waveform _CW j the measurement waveform calculation unit 115 has calculated (t), the load waveform _{CW jest} load waveform _CW as (t) j (t) or the estimated waveform _eW j (t ) Is selected. That is, the waveform selection unit 118 performs the processing of the waveform selection step in FIG. 28. _{The load waveform CW gest} (t) selected by the waveform selection unit 118 is stored in the storage unit 130.

The output processing unit 161 performs a process of outputting the load waveform CW _gest (t) selected by the waveform selection unit 118 to the server 2 via the second communication unit 140. That is, the output processing unit 161 processes the output step shown in FIG. 28.

Similar to the first embodiment, the control unit 110 is a processor that executes various programs stored in the storage unit 130, and by executing the measurement program 131 stored in the storage unit 130, the first observation point information Acquisition unit 111, second observation point information acquisition unit 112, deflection waveform calculation unit 113, moving body deflection waveform calculation unit 114, measurement waveform calculation unit 115, correlation coefficient calculation unit 116, estimation waveform calculation unit 117, waveform selection unit 118 , Each function of the output processing unit 161 is realized. In other words, the measurement program 131 is a program that causes the measuring device 1 which is a computer to execute each procedure of the flowchart shown in FIG. 28. However, the control unit 110 may be configured as a custom IC such as an ASIC to realize the functions of each unit, or the CPU and the ASIC may realize the functions of each unit.

The measuring method of the second embodiment described above, the measuring apparatus 1, based on the observation information by the N sensors 23 for observing the observation point R ₁ to R _N, a load waveform observation point R ₁ to R _N Calculate CW ₁ (t) to _{CW N} (t). _{Further, the measuring device 1 calculates the correlation coefficient h j_avg between the vehicle deflection waveform CP jm} (t) and the load waveform CW _j (t) by the equation (60), and the correlation coefficient h by the equation (61). _{By multiplying j_avg} and the vehicle deflection waveform CP _jm (t), the estimated waveform eW _j (t) of _{the load on the observation point R j of the vehicle 6 is calculated.} The measuring apparatus 1, based on the magnitude of the load waveform _CW j (t), selects a load waveform _CW j (t) or the estimated waveform _eW j (t) as a load waveform _{CW jest} (t). Specifically, the measuring device 1 _{compares the difference between the load waveform CW j} (t) and the estimated waveform eW _j (t) with the predetermined threshold value thW _j (t), and based on the comparison result, loads. Select the waveform CW _j (t) or the estimated waveform eW _j (t). That is, when the difference between _{the load waveform CW j} (t) and the estimated waveform eW _j (t) is smaller than the _{predetermined threshold thW j} (t), the measuring device 1 sets _{the load waveform CW j} (t) and the estimated waveform. It _{is determined that the eW j} (t) is close _{to the load waveform CW j} (t), which is considered to have higher accuracy than the _{estimated waveform eW j} (t), and the load waveform CW _gest (t) is used. Further, the measuring device 1 has a load waveform CW.
_When the difference between j (t) and the estimated waveform eW _j (t) is _{equal to or greater than the predetermined threshold thW j} (t), it is determined that the load waveform CW _j (t) and the estimated waveform eW _j (t) do not approximate each other. _{Then, the estimated waveform eW j} (t), which is considered to have higher accuracy than the load waveform CW _j (t), is selected and used as the load waveform CW _gest (t). Therefore, according to the measurement method of the second embodiment, the measuring device 1 can accurately calculate the displacement waveform of the superstructure 7 regardless of the state of the superstructure 7 and the vehicle 6.

Further, in the measurement method of the second embodiment, the measuring device 1 has the vehicle deflection waveform CP _jm (t) in the period t _{mid_period in which the load waveform CW j} (t) is between the lower limit value W _LOW and the upper limit value W _HI. And the load waveform CW _j (t), the correlation coefficient h _{j_avg} is calculated. Therefore, according to the measurement method of the second embodiment, the measuring device 1 has a load waveform CW _j (t) in the _{range W mid_period} in which the apparent Young's modulus of the superstructure 7 does not fluctuate and the correlation coefficient is substantially constant. ) And the vehicle deflection waveform CP _jm (t) can be used to calculate _{the highly accurate correlation coefficient h j_avg.}

Further, in the measurement method of the second embodiment, the measuring device 1 has _{either the load waveform CW gest} (t) or the displacement waveform CU _j (t), as well as the load waveform CW _gest (t) or the estimated waveform eW _j (t). Sends an estimated waveform selection flag indicating whether or not is selected to the server 2. Therefore, according to the measurement method of the second embodiment, the server 2 can estimate whether or not the overloaded vehicle 6 is running and whether or not there is an abnormality in the superstructure 7 based on the estimated waveform selection flag.

3. 3. Modifications The present invention is not limited to the present embodiment, and various modifications can be carried out within the scope of the gist of the present invention.

In each of the embodiments described above, the observation apparatus and observation apparatus for observing the observation point Q ₁ to Q _N observing observation point P ₁ to P _N, which respectively the acceleration sensor is not limited to this, for example, the impact sensor , Microphone, accelerometer or load cell. It is not necessary that the observation device and the observation point have a one-to-one correspondence, and one observation device may observe a part or all of the observation _{points P 1 to PN} and Q _{1 to} Q _N.

The impact sensor detects the impact acceleration as a response to the action on _{the observation points P 1 to PN} and Q _{1 to} Q _N of each axle of the vehicle 6. Measuring apparatus 1 obtains a first observation point information based on impact acceleration with respect to the observation point P ₁ to P _N, and acquires a second observation point information based on impact acceleration with respect to the observation point Q ₁ to Q _N. The microphone detects sound as a response to the action on _{the observation points P 1 to PN} and Q _{1 to} Q _N of each axle of the vehicle 6. Measuring apparatus 1 obtains a first observation point information based on sound for observation point P ₁ to P _N, and acquires a second observation point information based on sound for observation point Q ₁ to Q _N. The strain gauge and the load cell detect the stress change as a response to the action on _{the observation points P 1 to PN} and Q _{1 to} Q _{N of each axle of the vehicle 6.} Measuring apparatus 1 obtains a first observation point information based on the stress changes in the observation point P ₁ to P _N, and acquires a second observation point information based on the stress changes in observation point Q ₁ to Q _N.

In the embodiments described above, the observation apparatus for observing the observation point R ₁ to R _N is respectively the acceleration sensor is not limited to this, for example, the contact displacement sensor, a ring-type displacement meter, laser displacement meter , A pressure sensor, a displacement measuring device by image processing, or a displacement measuring device by an optical fiber. It is not necessary to the observation apparatus and observation point corresponds to one-to-one, may be a single observation device observes a part or the whole of the observation point R ₁ to R _N.

Contact displacement meter, the ring-type displacement meter, laser displacement meter, a displacement measuring device by image processing, a displacement measuring apparatus according to the optical fiber, measures the displacement in response to the action of observation points R ₁ to R _N of the vehicle 6. Measuring apparatus 1, based on the displacement of the observation point _R 1 to R _N, calculates the displacement waveform of the observation point _R 1 to R _N. Pressure-sensitive sensor detects the change in stress in response to action on the observation point R ₁ to R _N of the vehicle 6. Measuring device 1 on the basis of the change in stress observation point _R 1 to R _N, calculates the displacement waveform of the observation point _R 1 to R _N.

In the embodiments described above, all directions in which the vehicle 6 is traveling lane L ₁ ~L _N are the same, the vehicle 6 with at least one lane and the other lanes of the lane L ₁ ~L _N The traveling direction may be different. For example, the vehicle 6 is traveling in a direction from the lane L ₁ in the observation point P ₁ to the observation point Q _1, may be traveling in a direction towards the observation point P ₂ from the lane L ₂ in the observation point Q _2. In this case, the measuring device 1, based on the acceleration data output from the sensor 21 for observing the observation point P _1, the sensor 22 acquires the entry time into the lane L ₁ of the vehicle 6, to observe the observation point Q ₁ based on the acceleration data output from acquires exit time from the lane L ₁ of the vehicle 6. Further, the measuring apparatus 1, based on the acceleration data output from the sensor 22 for observing the observation point Q _2, the sensor 21 obtains an entry time to lane L ₂ of the vehicle 6, to observe the observation point P ₂ based on the acceleration data output, it acquires the exit time from the lane L ₂ of the vehicle 6.

Further, in each of the above embodiments, the sensors 21, 22, and 23 are provided on the main girder G of the superstructure 7, respectively, but are provided on the surface and inside of the superstructure 7, the lower surface of the floor plate F, the pier 8a, and the like. It may be provided. Further, in each of the above embodiments, the road bridge is taken as an example of the bridge 5, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the bridge 5 may be a railway bridge, for example. Further, in each of the above embodiments, the superstructure of the bridge is taken as an example of the structure, but the structure is not limited to this, and the structure may be deformed by the movement of the moving body.

The above-described embodiments and modifications are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, each embodiment and each modification can be combined as appropriate.

The present invention includes a configuration substantially the same as the configuration described in the embodiment, for example, a configuration having the same function, method and result, or a configuration having the same purpose and effect. The present invention also includes a configuration in which a non-essential part of the configuration described in the embodiment is replaced. The present invention also includes a configuration that exhibits the same effects as the configuration described in the embodiment or a configuration that can achieve the same object. Further, the present invention includes a configuration in which a known technique is added to the configuration described in the embodiment.

1 ... Measuring device, 2 ... Server, 4 ... Communication network, 5 ... Bridge, 6 ... Vehicle, 7 ... Superstructure, 7a ... Bridge floor, 7b ... Bearing, G ... Main girder, F ... Floor board, 8 ... Substructure, 8a ... Bridge pedestal, 8b ... Bridge, 10 ... Measurement system, 21 ... Sensor, 22 ... Sensor, 23 ... Sensor, 110 ... Control unit, 111 ... First observation point information acquisition unit, 112 ... Second observation point information acquisition unit, 113 ... Deflection waveform calculation unit, 114 ... Moving body deflection waveform calculation unit, 115 ... Measurement waveform calculation unit, 116 ... Correlation coefficient calculation unit, 117 ... Estimated waveform calculation unit, 118 ... Waveform selection unit, 119 ... Load calculation unit, 120 ... 1st communication unit, 130 ... storage unit, 131 ... measurement program, 140 ... 2nd communication unit, 150 ... operation unit, 161 ... output processing unit

Claims (18)

The first observation point, the second observation point, and the third observation point between the first observation point and the second observation point of the structure in which the moving body is arranged along the first direction in which the moving body moves through the structure. Based on the observation information by the observation device that observes the first observation point among the observation points of the above, the time when the plurality of parts of the moving body each pass through the first observation point and each of the plurality of parts. The first observation point information acquisition step for acquiring the first observation point information including the physical quantity which is the response to the action on the first observation point of
Based on the observation information by the observation device that observes the second observation point, the time when the plurality of parts of the moving body each pass through the second observation point and the second of each of the plurality of parts. The second observation point information acquisition step for acquiring the second observation point information including the physical quantity that is the response to the action on the observation point, and
Deflection waveform of the structure by each of the plurality of parts of the moving body based on the first observation point information, the second observation point information, a predetermined coefficient, and an approximate expression of the deflection of the structure. Deflection waveform calculation step to calculate
The movement to calculate the bending waveform of the moving body, which is the bending waveform of the structure by the moving body, by adding the bending waveforms of the structure by each of the plurality of parts of the moving body calculated in the bending waveform calculation step. Body deflection waveform calculation step and
A measurement waveform calculation step for calculating a measurement waveform of a physical quantity of the third observation point based on observation information by an observation device for observing the third observation point, and a measurement waveform calculation step.
A correlation coefficient calculation step for calculating the correlation coefficient between the moving body deflection waveform and the measured waveform, and
An estimated waveform calculation step of multiplying the correlation coefficient by the mobile deflection waveform to calculate an estimated waveform of the physical quantity at the third observation point.
A measurement method including a waveform selection step of selecting the measurement waveform or the estimated waveform based on the size of the measurement waveform. In the waveform selection step
The measurement method according to claim 1, wherein the difference between the measurement waveform and the estimated waveform is compared with a predetermined threshold value, and the measurement waveform or the estimated waveform is selected based on the comparison result. In the correlation coefficient calculation step,
Either of claims 1 or 2, which calculates the correlation coefficient based on the moving body deflection waveform and the measured waveform during a period in which the measured waveform is between the first value and the second value. The measurement method described in item 1. In the waveform selection step
The measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which generates information indicating which of the measurement waveform and the estimated waveform is selected. The measuring method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the physical quantity at the third observation point is a displacement or a load due to the moving body. The measuring method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the approximate expression of the deflection of the structure is an expression based on the structural model of the structure. The measuring method according to claim 6, wherein the structural model is a simple beam supporting both ends. The approximate expression of the deflection of the structure is any one of claims 1 to 7, which is an expression standardized by the maximum amplitude of the deflection at the central position between the first observation point and the second observation point. The measurement method described in the section. The first observation point is set at the first end of the structure and
The measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the second observation point is set at a second end different from the first end of the structure. The structure is a superstructure of a bridge and
The superstructure is a structure passed to any one of adjacent abutments and piers, two adjacent abutments, or two adjacent piers.
Both ends of the superstructure are located at the positions of the adjacent abutments and piers, the positions of the two adjacent abutments, or the positions of the two adjacent piers.
The measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the bridge is a road bridge or a railway bridge. The moving vehicle is a railroad vehicle, an automobile, a tram, a construction vehicle, or a military vehicle.
The measuring method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein each of the plurality of parts is an axle or a wheel. The observation device for observing the first observation point, the observation device for observing the second observation point, and the observation device for observing the third observation point are acceleration sensors, claims 1 to 11. The measurement method according to any one of the above. The observation device for observing the third observation point is a contact type displacement meter, a ring type displacement meter, a laser displacement meter, a pressure sensitive sensor, a displacement measuring device by image processing, or a displacement measuring device using an optical fiber. The measuring method according to any one of 11 to 11. The observation device for observing the first observation point and the observation device for observing the second observation point are an impact sensor, a microphone, a strain gauge, or a load cell, whichever one of claims 1 to 11 or The measurement method according to claim 13. The measuring method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the structure is a structure in which BWIM (Bridge Weigh in Motion) functions. The first observation point, the second observation point, and the third observation point between the first observation point and the second observation point of the structure in which the moving body is arranged along the first direction in which the moving body moves through the structure. Based on the observation information by the observation device that observes the first observation point among the observation points of the above, the time when the plurality of parts of the moving body each pass through the first observation point and each of the plurality of parts. The first observation point information acquisition unit that acquires the first observation point information including the physical quantity that is the response to the action on the first observation point of the above.
Based on the observation information by the observation device that observes the second observation point, the time when the plurality of parts of the moving body each pass through the second observation point and the second of each of the plurality of parts. The second observation point information acquisition unit that acquires the second observation point information including the physical quantity that is the response to the action on the observation point, and
Deflection waveform of the structure by each of the plurality of parts of the moving body based on the first observation point information, the second observation point information, a predetermined coefficient, and an approximate expression of the deflection of the structure. Deflection waveform calculation unit that calculates
The movement to calculate the bending waveform of the moving body, which is the bending waveform of the structure by the moving body, by adding the bending waveforms of the structure by each of the plurality of parts of the moving body calculated by the bending waveform calculation unit. Body deflection waveform calculation unit and
A measurement waveform calculation unit that calculates the measurement waveform of the physical quantity of the third observation point based on the observation information by the observation device that observes the third observation point.
A correlation coefficient calculation unit that calculates the correlation coefficient between the moving body deflection waveform and the measured waveform,
An estimated waveform calculation unit that multiplies the correlation coefficient by the moving body deflection waveform to calculate an estimated waveform of the physical quantity at the third observation point.
A measuring device including a waveform selection unit that selects the measured waveform or the estimated waveform based on the magnitude of the measured waveform. The measuring device according to claim 16 and
The observation device for observing the first observation point and
The observation device for observing the second observation point and
A measurement system including the observation device for observing the third observation point. The first observation point, the second observation point, and the third observation point between the first observation point and the second observation point of the structure in which the moving body is arranged along the first direction in which the moving body moves through the structure. Based on the observation information by the observation device that observes the first observation point among the observation points of the above, the time when the plurality of parts of the moving body each pass through the first observation point and each of the plurality of parts. The first observation point information acquisition step for acquiring the first observation point information including the physical quantity which is the response to the action on the first observation point of
Based on the observation information by the observation device that observes the second observation point, the time when the plurality of parts of the moving body each pass through the second observation point and the second of each of the plurality of parts. The second observation point information acquisition step for acquiring the second observation point information including the physical quantity that is the response to the action on the observation point, and
Deflection waveform of the structure by each of the plurality of parts of the moving body based on the first observation point information, the second observation point information, a predetermined coefficient, and an approximate expression of the deflection of the structure. Deflection waveform calculation step to calculate
The movement to calculate the bending waveform of the moving body, which is the bending waveform of the structure by the moving body, by adding the bending waveforms of the structure by each of the plurality of parts of the moving body calculated in the bending waveform calculation step. Body deflection waveform calculation step and
A measurement waveform calculation step for calculating a measurement waveform of a physical quantity of the third observation point based on observation information by an observation device for observing the third observation point, and a measurement waveform calculation step.
A correlation coefficient calculation step for calculating the correlation coefficient between the moving body deflection waveform and the measured waveform, and
An estimated waveform calculation step of multiplying the correlation coefficient by the mobile deflection waveform to calculate an estimated waveform of the physical quantity at the third observation point.
A measurement program that causes a computer to execute a waveform selection step of selecting the measurement waveform or the estimated waveform based on the size of the measurement waveform.

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