JP2020053855A - Transmitter, communication system, transmission program and communication method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a technique which improves a network throughput.SOLUTION: A transmitter, which transmits data to another device through a predetermined transfer device, includes: an unreached count storage unit which calculates the number of unreached packets among data having been transmitted to the other device; an estimation information storage unit which includes information to identify at least a predetermined validity period; an average validity period calculation unit which calculates a basic average unreached number which is an average number of unreached packets in the validity period; a most recent average calculation unit which calculates a short-term average unreached number which is an average value of the number of unreached packets in the most recent period which is newer than the validity period; an unreached count prediction unit which predicts the number of unreached points in the future period after the most recent period, using the basic average unreached number and the short-term average unreached number; and a resource reservation unit which instructs a transfer device of the reservation amount of resources of the transfer device, according to the number of the unreached packets predicted for the future period.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a transmission device, a communication system, a transmission program, and a communication method.

  Patent Literature 1 uses a “Pause” indicating a congestion state and a “CEE (Converged Enhanced Ethernet)” function of “CN (Congestion Notification)” for input of a process of determining QoS (Quality of Service). There is disclosure.

International Publication No. 2012/066628

  The technology described in Patent Literature 1 needs to implement the CEE function, but is not necessarily implemented in an actual network, and has low versatility.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for improving network throughput.

  The present application includes a plurality of means for solving at least a part of the above-described problems, and examples thereof are as follows. In order to solve the above problem, a transmitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention is a transmitting device that transmits data to another device via a predetermined transfer device, and includes a transmitting device that transmits data to the other device. A non-arrival number storage unit for counting the number of unreached packets, a prediction information storage unit including at least information for specifying a predetermined validity period, and a basic average unreachable number which is an average value of the number of unreached packets in the validity period. A validity period average calculating unit to calculate, a latest average calculating unit that calculates a short-term average unreached number that is an average value of the number of packets that have not been reached in a predetermined latest period newer than the validity period, and the basic average unreached number. A number-of-arrivals prediction unit that estimates the number of packets that have not arrived in the future period after the latest period using the short-term average number of packets that have not arrived, and the transfer according to the predicted number of packets that have not arrived in the future period. The reserved amount of equipment resources A resource reservation unit for instructing device, characterized in that it comprises a.

  Further, in the transmission device, the resource reservation unit specifies the resource reservation amount of the transfer device using the predicted number of packets that have not reached in the future period and a predetermined packet size. It may be something.

  Further, in the transmission device, the resource reservation unit may include a sufficient data amount using the predicted number of packets not reached in the future period and a predetermined packet size, and a basic transfer using the maximum transfer speed of the own device. The resource reservation amount of the transfer device may be specified by adding the amount and the resource reservation amount.

  Further, in the transmission device, information for specifying a predetermined ratio is stored in the prediction information storage unit, and the number-of-unreached-numbers prediction unit calculates the basic average unreached number and the short-term average unreached number. The number may be weighted according to the ratio to predict the number of packets that have not reached in the future period after the latest period.

  Further, in the transmission device, information for specifying a predetermined ratio is stored in the prediction information storage unit, and the number-of-unreached-numbers prediction unit calculates the basic average unreached number and the short-term average unreached number. The number is weighted according to the ratio to predict the number of packets that have not reached in the future period after the latest period, and when the predicted number of packets that has not reached is different from the actual value, it is approximated to the actual value. The provision of a provisional period adjustment unit for changing the validity period may be provided.

  Further, in the transmission device, information for specifying a predetermined ratio is stored in the prediction information storage unit, and the number-of-unreached-numbers prediction unit calculates the basic average unreached number and the short-term average unreached number. The number is weighted according to the ratio to predict the number of packets that have not reached in the future period after the latest period, and when the predicted number of packets that has not reached is different from the actual value, it is approximated to the actual value. The provision of a provisional ratio adjustment unit for changing the ratio may be provided.

  Further, in the transmission device, information for specifying a predetermined ratio is stored in the prediction information storage unit, and the number-of-unreached-numbers prediction unit calculates the basic average unreached number and the short-term average unreached number. The number of packets that have not been reached in the future period after the latest period is predicted by weighting the number of packets in accordance with the above ratio, and when the predicted number of packets that have not been reached is different from the actual value, the effective period is approximated to the actual value. And a provisional period adjustment unit that changes the ratio.

  Further, a communication system according to the present invention is a communication system including the transmission device, wherein the transfer device receives predetermined hardware resources from the transmission device when receiving an instruction for a reservation amount of resources of the transfer device, and transmits a predetermined hardware resource. A resource adjustment unit assigned to the transmission device.

  Further, a transmission program according to the present invention is a transmission program of a transmission device that transmits data to another device via a predetermined transfer device, wherein the transmission device transmits at least information for specifying a predetermined validity period. A prediction information storage unit, and a control unit, wherein the control unit has a non-arrival count storing step of counting the number of unreachable packets among the data transmitted to the other device; A valid period average calculating step of calculating a basic average unreached number, which is an average value of the number, and a short-term average unreached number, which is an average value of unreached packets of a predetermined latest period newer than the valid period. An average calculation step, an unreached number prediction step of predicting the number of unreached packets in the future period after the latest period using the basic average unreached number and the short-term average unreached number, and The reservation of resources of the transfer device, characterized in that to execute a resource reservation step that instructs the transfer device in accordance with the unreached number of packets in the future period.

  Further, a communication method according to the present invention is a communication method for transmitting data to another device via a predetermined transfer device, wherein the transmission device includes at least prediction information including information for specifying a predetermined validity period. A storage unit, and a control unit, wherein the control unit is a non-arrival count storing step of counting the number of unreachable packets among the data transmitted to the another device, and an average of the number of unreachable packets in the valid period. Effective period average calculating step of calculating a basic average unreached number as a value, and a short-term average unreached number calculating step of calculating a short-term average unreached number which is an average value of the number of unreached packets of a predetermined latest period newer than the valid period. And the basic average unreached number, the short-term average unreached number, and the unreached number prediction step of predicting the unreached packet number of the future period after the latest period using the Unachieved package Performing a resource reservation step of instructing the transfer device on the amount of resources of the transfer device in accordance with the number of resources. The transfer device receives an instruction on the amount of resources reserved by the transfer device from the transmission device. And a resource adjusting step of allocating a predetermined hardware resource for the transmitting apparatus.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the technique which improves the throughput of a network can be provided. Problems, configurations, and effects other than those described above will be apparent from the following description of the embodiments.

It is a figure showing the example of composition of the communications system concerning the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data structure stored in an unreached number storage unit. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data structure stored in a prediction information storage unit. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data structure stored in a temporary parameter storage unit. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data structure stored in a resource reservation amount storage unit. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a hardware configuration example of a transmission device. It is a figure showing an example of operation flow of resource reservation processing. FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an operation flow example of a parameter adjustment process. It is a figure showing an example of an unreached packet. It is a figure showing an example of operation of resource reservation.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In all the drawings for describing the embodiments, the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals in principle, and the repeated description thereof will be omitted. Also, in the following embodiments, the components (including element steps, etc.) are not necessarily essential, unless otherwise specified or considered to be indispensable in principle. Needless to say. In addition, when saying “consisting of A”, “consisting of A”, “having A”, or “including A”, other elements are excluded unless otherwise specified. Needless to say, it doesn't. Similarly, in the following embodiments, when referring to the shapes, positional relationships, and the like of the components, the shapes are substantially the same unless otherwise specified, and in cases where it is clearly considered in principle not to be so. And the like.

  As a method of avoiding retransmission due to packet collision or the like in network communication, a method in which a transmission source node controls a packet transmission interval is general. As for the distribution of the band, a method is adopted in which resources are fixedly allocated based on a value derived from a band set for a relay router or a value derived from a band ratio. However, the resources allocated to the router based on the bandwidth information often have to assume a zero distance because the route staying data that fluctuates with the connection distance (the physical length of the connection line) cannot be considered at the time of allocation. . As a result, unnecessary transmission due to packet retransmission continuously occurs, which may lead to deterioration of throughput.

  In this event, if the connection distance between the nodes becomes longer, it takes time for the Ack indicating the reception of the packet to return to the transmission source, so the transmitting node during that time determines that transmission is possible and continues packet transmission. It is thought to be caused by At this time, if retransmission occurs due to packet collision or transfer exceeding the resource amount at the relaying router, the transfer efficiency deteriorates. On the other hand, the source node can perform control to control the transmission interval in order to reduce the retransmission of packets, but since this is a passive operation, it is not always effective, depending on external conditions. I can't say.

  In the communication system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the retransmission amount is reduced by dynamically changing the reservation amount of resources such as buffers (queues) of routers that the source actively relays, thereby reducing the retransmission amount and preventing the deterioration of the throughput. I do. Due to the dynamic change of the resource reservation amount, the transmitting apparatus calculates the near future resource amount based on the average of the past retransmission amounts and the tendency of the latest retransmission amount, and calculates the prediction accuracy. The parameters used in the calculation are corrected each time to increase the value.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As illustrated, the communication system 1 includes a transmission device 100, a network 50, and a transfer device 200. The transmitting device 100 and the transfer device 200 can mutually transmit and receive information via the network 50.

  The network 50 is, for example, a LAN (Local Area Network) or an optical fiber network, a gigabit network, a wireless communication network, or the like, and communicably connects the transmitting device 100 and the transfer device 200.

  The transmission device 100 is a so-called network storage device, and has a function of providing information and storing information to other devices via the network 50. Note that the transmission device 100 is not limited to a network storage device, and may be a communication control device such as a terminal that communicates with another device such as a personal computer, a smartphone, a tablet device, or a router that relays communication. Good.

  The transfer device 200 is, for example, a communication control device such as a router, and has a function of transferring information between other devices via the network 50 and a communication control function such as retransmission and establishment of an efficient communication path. Note that the transfer device 200 is not limited to a router, and may be a communication device such as a firewall, a higher-order communication device such as an application gateway, or a lower-order communication device such as a hub or a USB (Universal Serial Bus). .

  The transmission device 100 includes a storage unit 110, a control unit 130, and a communication unit 140. The storage unit 110 includes an unreached number storage unit 111, a prediction information storage unit 112, a temporary parameter storage unit 113, and a resource reservation amount storage unit 114. In addition, the control unit 130 includes an unreached number management unit 131, a valid period average calculation unit 132, a latest average calculation unit 133, an unreached number prediction unit 134, a provisional period adjustment unit 135, and a provisional ratio adjustment unit. 136 and a resource reservation unit 137 are included.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data structure stored in an unreached number storage unit. The unreached number storage unit 111 includes an entry 111a, an unreached counter acquisition date and time 111b, and an acquired value 111c. The unreached number storage unit 111 counts the number of unreached packets in data transmitted to another device during a predetermined aggregation period (10 minutes in the present embodiment) and stores the result in a predetermined storage period (in the present embodiment, 30 days). The entry 111a stores entry information for distinguishing the aggregation period. The non-arrival counter acquisition date and time 111b stores information that specifies the date and time when the information obtained by counting the number of packets that have not arrived during a predetermined aggregation period is acquired. The acquired value 111c stores the number of packets that have not arrived during a predetermined aggregation period. For example, if the entry is “0”, the unreached counter acquisition date and time is “2018-08-01 13:16:00”, and the acquired value is “100”, the first counter in the aggregation period will have “100”. The number of packets that have not been reached is recorded, and information that the counter was acquired at 13:16:00 on August 1, 2018 is stored.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data structure stored in the prediction information storage unit. The prediction information storage unit 112 includes a latest unreached number 112a, a sample period 112b, a sample period average unreached number 112c, an average unreached number ratio 112d, and a predicted unreached number 112e. The information in the prediction information storage unit 112 includes a parameter used for predicting the latest future reservation amount, the number of past unreachable places subjected to statistical processing, and the latest future reservation amount.

  The latest unreachable number 112a is the number of unreached packets in the latest past period. The sample period 112b is a parameter used at the time of prediction, and is information for specifying a period for calculating the average value of the number of packets that have not been reached in the past. For example, the sample period 112b is one of the following patterns, but is not limited thereto. “Pattern 1” is the last month until the previous day, “Pattern 2” is the last week until the previous day, “Pattern 3” is the previous day, “Pattern 4” is on a specific day of the week, and “Pattern 5” is , Night, and “pattern 6” are daytime.

  The sample period average unreached number 112c is information for specifying an average value of unreached packets in the sample period 112b.

  The average unreached number ratio 112d is a parameter used at the time of prediction, and is information for specifying a ratio (weight) occupied by the past average unreached packets.

  The predicted unreachable number 112e is information for specifying the predicted number of unreachable packets in the near future period.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data structure stored in the temporary parameter storage unit. The temporary parameter storage unit 113 basically has a data structure similar to the data structure stored in the prediction information storage unit 112. The temporary parameter storage unit 113 is an area for storing temporarily changed parameters in a process of temporarily adjusting parameters to improve prediction accuracy.

  The tentative parameter storage unit 113 stores the latest predicted number at the time of the latest prediction 113a, the predicted number at the time of the latest prediction 113b, the tentative period 113c, the tentative period average unreached number 113d, the tentative ratio 113e, and the tentative parameter. 113f of predicted unreached numbers. In other words, the information in the temporary parameter storage unit 113 includes the parameters used for re-predicting the reserved amount, the number of past unachieved numbers statistically processed at the time of the initial prediction, and the re-predicted reserved amount.

  The number 113a of the latest packet that has not been reached at the time of the most recent prediction is the number of packets that have not been reached in the most recent past period at that time and used at the time of the most recent past prediction. The number of unsuccessful predictions 113b at the time of the latest prediction is information that is used at the time of prediction in the latest past and specifies the number of packets that have not been reached within the near future period predicted at the time.

  The provisional period 113c is a provisional set value of the sample period, is a parameter used at the time of prediction, and is information for specifying a period for calculating the average value of the number of packets that have not been reached in the past. For example, similar to the sample period 112b, the provisional period 113c is any one of the following patterns, but is not limited thereto. “Pattern 1” is the last month until the previous day, “Pattern 2” is the last week until the previous day, “Pattern 3” is the previous day, “Pattern 4” is on a specific day of the week, and “Pattern 5” is , Night, and “pattern 6” are daytime.

  The provisional period average unreachable number 113d is information for specifying an average value of unreached packets in the provisional period 113c.

  The provisional ratio 113e is a provisional set value of the average unreachable number ratio, is a parameter used at the time of prediction, and is information for specifying a ratio (weight) occupied by the past average unreachable packets.

  The predicted unreachable number 113f based on the provisional parameter is information for specifying the predicted unreachable number of unreachable packets in the latest past period using the provisional period and the provisional ratio.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data structure stored in the resource reservation amount storage unit. The resource reservation amount storage unit 114 stores a resource reservation amount 114a specified when reserving a resource of the transfer device 200. In the present embodiment, a byte represented by a binarized data amount is used as a unit. And However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be, for example, a relative reservation amount (for example, high, low, or the like) with respect to a competitive device.

  The unreachable number management unit 131 counts the number of unreachable packets in data transmitted from the transfer device 200 to another device via the network 50. The unreachable number management unit 131 counts the number of packets (retransmission target packets) for which no Ack response has been received within the RTO (Retransmission Time Out) defined by the standard or the like, among the data transmitted during the predetermined aggregation period (10 minutes). , Using a counter. Then, when the counting period elapses, the unreached number management unit 131 saves the value of the counter in the unreached number storage unit 111 as the acquired value 111c.

  The effective period average calculation unit 132 extracts the unreached number belonging to the sample period or the tentative period specified by the parameter or the tentative parameter from the unreached number storage unit 111, and calculates the average value of the unreached number.

  The latest average calculation unit 133 extracts the unreached number belonging to the latest elapsed period from the unreached number storage unit 111, and calculates the average value of the unreached number.

  The unreached number prediction unit 134 predicts the unreached number. Specifically, the unreached number prediction unit 134 calculates the basic average unreached number B, which is the average value of the unreached number in the predetermined period calculated by the effective period average calculation unit 132, and the latest average calculation unit 133 calculates. Using the short-term average unreached number S, which is the unreached number in the most recent period, and the ratio R, the unreached packet number F, which is the unreached number in the latest future period, is predicted. The unreached number prediction unit 134 uses the following equation (1) for predicting the unreached packet number F.

<Number 1>
F = B · R + S · (1-R) (1)
In formula (1), the unreachable number predicting unit 134 weights the basic average unreachable number B and the short-term average unreachable number S according to the ratio R, and calculates the unreachable packet number F in the future period after the latest period. To predict. In other words, Expression (1) integrates the past average number of packets that have not yet arrived and the latest packets that have not yet arrived with a predetermined weight that indicates the degree of emphasis on the past average, resulting in higher accuracy. This is an expression for making a prediction. The unreached number prediction unit 134 is not limited to this, and may perform prediction using artificial intelligence or the like for estimating the future using the history of changes in past performance values.

  The provisional period adjustment unit 135 compares the predicted number of packets that have not been reached and the actual value, and if they differ from each other or if the difference is greater than a predetermined value, the predicted number of packets that have not been reached approximates the actual value. Change the validity period. That is, the provisional period adjustment unit 135 changes the valid period pattern used for calculating the basic average unachieved number B to any of the above-described six patterns, performs prediction again, and any pattern becomes close to the actual value. Is determined, and a pattern that is close to the actual value is adopted for subsequent prediction.

  The provisional ratio adjustment unit 136 compares the predicted number of packets that have not been reached and the actual value, and if they differ from each other or if the difference is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, the predicted number of packets that have not been reached approximates the actual value. Change the ratio R. That is, the provisional ratio adjustment unit 136 changes the ratio R that mixes the basic average unreached number B and the short-term average unreached number S, performs prediction again, and specifies the ratio R that is close to the actual value. In the subsequent prediction, a ratio R that is close to the actual value is used.

  The resource reservation unit 137 instructs the transfer device 200 on the resource reservation amount of the transfer device 200 according to the predicted number of unreachable future periods. More specifically, the resource reservation unit 137 specifies the resource reservation amount of the transfer device using the predicted number of unachieved future periods (the number of packets) and a predetermined packet size. For example, the resource reservation unit 137 calculates a sufficient data amount using the predicted unreached number (the number of packets) in the future period and a predetermined packet size, and calculates a basic transfer amount using the maximum transfer speed of the own device. The resource reservation amount is specified by the addition.

  The communication unit 140 communicates with the transfer device 200 via the network 50. For the communication, packet communication by the TCP / IP protocol is adopted, but the communication is not limited to this.

  The transfer device 200 includes a control unit 230 and a communication unit 240. The control unit 230 includes a resource reservation reception unit 231, a resource adjustment unit 232, and a transfer control unit 233.

  When receiving the instruction of the resource reservation amount from the transmission device 100, the resource reservation receiving unit 231 requests the resource adjusting unit 232 to adjust the resource amount.

  When requested to adjust the resource amount from the resource reservation receiving unit 231, the resource adjustment unit 232 changes the allocation of the buffer (transmission queue) according to the transmission device 100 so that the resource amount becomes the specified resource amount. If the specified resource amount cannot be secured due to lack of resources, or if the specified resource competes with another transmission device and cannot secure the resource amount, the resource adjustment unit 232 allocates the resource according to a predetermined rule. The resources are assumed to be hardware resources such as transmission control buffers and queues mainly composed of a memory, but are not limited thereto, and may be software resources related to control such as transmission token allocation time. You may.

  The transfer control unit 233 controls data transfer using the allocated resources. Specifically, transmission is performed in accordance with allocation of a buffer such as a transmission queue, and error control, route search, retransmission control, and the like are performed. Theoretically, transmission throughput increases for a path with a large transmission queue allocation amount, and throughput does not increase for a path that does not. That is, for the transmission of the transmitting apparatus 100 to which more resources have been allocated by the resource adjustment unit 232, there is a high possibility that retransmission for unreachable packets will be reduced, so that the throughput is likely to be improved.

  The communication unit 240 performs communication with the transmission device 100 via the network 50. For the communication, packet communication by the TCP / IP protocol is adopted, but the communication is not limited to this.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration of the transmission device. The transmitting device 100 includes an arithmetic device such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 101, a main storage device 102 such as a memory, an external storage device 103 such as a hard disk or an SSD (Solid State Drive), a NIC (Network Interface Card), and the like. Communication device 107 and a bus connecting them.

  The main storage device 102 is a memory such as a RAM (Random Access Memory).

  The external storage device 103 is a nonvolatile storage device such as a so-called hard disk, SSD, or flash memory that can store digital information.

  The communication device 107 is a wired communication device that performs wired communication via a network cable, or a wireless communication device that performs wireless communication via an antenna. The communication device 107 communicates with another device connected to the network 50.

  The above-mentioned unreached number management unit 131, the effective period average calculation unit 132, the latest average calculation unit 133, the unreached number prediction unit 134, the temporary period adjustment unit 135, the temporary ratio adjustment unit 136, the resource reservation unit 137 is realized by a program that causes the CPU 101 to perform processing. This program is stored in the main storage device 102 or the external storage device 103, loaded on the main storage device 102 upon execution, and executed by the CPU 101.

  The unreached number storage unit 111, the prediction information storage unit 112, the formal parameter storage unit 113, and the resource reservation amount storage unit 114 stored in the storage unit 110 are configured by the main storage device 102 and the external storage device 103. Is achieved.

  Further, the communication unit 140 communicably connected to a LAN or the like is realized by the communication device 107.

  The above is an example of the hardware configuration of the transmission device 100 according to the present embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be configured using other hardware. For example, various information processing devices such as a personal computer, a network router, and a television device may be used.

  Although not shown, the transmission device 100 has known elements such as an OS, middleware, and applications.

  [Description of Operation] Next, the operation of the transmitting apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment will be described.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of an operation flow of the resource reservation processing. The resource reservation processing is performed every time the total period (for example, 10 minutes) of the unreached packets ends. In this example, the execution time for the convenience of explanation is set to T _2, and set the execution time of the immediately preceding T ₁ and to set the next execution time of T ₂ and T _3. That is, the interval between T _{1 and} T ₂ is the latest aggregation period, and the interval between T _{2 and} T ₃ is the next aggregation period.

First, the unreached number management unit 131 obtains the actual value of the unreached number counter in the latest period (between T _{1 and} T ₂ ) and stores it in the latest unreached number 112 a of the prediction information storage unit 112 (step S 001).

The unreached number prediction unit 134 determines that the actual value of the unreached number counter in the latest period (between T _{1 and} T ₂ ) is significantly different from the predicted value predicted at the immediately preceding execution time point T ₁ (for example, the predicted value plus It is determined whether or not (the difference is minus 20% or more) (step S002). When the difference does not exceed the predetermined value (in the case of “No” in step S002), the unreached number prediction unit 134 advances the control to step S004.

  If the actual value and the predicted value are different from each other by a predetermined amount or more (“Yes” in step S002), the unreached number prediction unit 134 performs a parameter adjustment process (step S003). Although the parameter adjustment processing will be described later, the provisional period adjustment unit 135 changes the pattern of the effective period used for calculating the basic average unreached number B to any of the six patterns, and the provisional ratio adjustment unit 136 The ratio R for mixing the basic average unreached number B and the short-term average unreached number S is changed.

Then, the resource reservation unit 137 _predicts the resource reservation amount between T 2 -T ₃ (step S004). Specifically, the resource reservation unit 137 causes the unreachable number predicting unit 134 to predict the number of unreachable packets in the next aggregation period using the parameter, and according to the predicted number of unreachable packets in the future period, Predict the reserved amount of 200 resources. Specifically, the unreachable number prediction unit 134 obtains the number of unreachable packets belonging to the sample period 112 b specified by the parameter of the prediction information storage unit 112 into the effective period average calculation unit 132 and It is extracted from the value 111c, and the average value of the number of packets that have not been reached is calculated. Then, the unreached number prediction unit 134 causes the most recent average calculation unit 133 to extract the number of unreached packets belonging to the most recently elapsed period (between T _{1 and} T ₂ ) from the acquired value 111 c of the unreached number storage unit 111. , The number of packets that have not been reached in the latest period is calculated.

  Then, the unreached number prediction unit 134 predicts the number of unreached packets. Specifically, the unreached number prediction unit 134 calculates the basic average unreached number B, which is the average value of the number of unreached packets for a predetermined period calculated by the validity period average calculation unit 132, and calculates the latest average calculation unit 133. Using the short-term average non-arrival number S, which is the number of packets that have not arrived in the most recently elapsed period, and the ratio R, the number of unattained packets F in the latest future period is predicted. The unreached number prediction unit 134 uses the above equation (1) for predicting the unreached packet number F.

  The resource reservation unit 137 specifies the resource reservation amount of the transfer device using the predicted number of unachieved future periods (the number of packets) and a predetermined packet size. For example, the resource reservation unit 137 calculates a sufficient data amount using the predicted number of packets that have not reached in the future period and a predetermined packet size, and adds the calculated data amount to the basic transfer amount using the maximum transfer speed of the own device. Specify the resource reservation amount. The resource reservation unit 137 uses the following equations (2), (3) and (4) for the calculation.

<Equation 2>
Resource reservation amount = Base transfer byte count + Sufficient byte count ... (2)

<Equation 3>
Number of base transfer bytes = (transfer speed of own transmission device (bps) / 8 (bit)) transfer efficiency 0.01 (1%) (3)

<Equation 4>
Satisfied byte count = predicted unreached count packet size (byte) / 600 (seconds) transfer efficiency 0.01 (1%) (4)
Then, the resource reservation unit 137 instructs resource reservation between T _{2 and} T ₃ (step S005). Specifically, the resource reservation unit 137 transmits to the transfer device 200 a resource reservation command specifying the resource reservation amount predicted in step S004.

  The above is the operation flow of the resource reservation processing. According to the resource reservation processing, it is possible to reserve necessary transfer resources of the transfer device before the start of the next aggregation period, so that the number of unreachable packets can be reduced, the number of retransmissions can be reduced, and the throughput can be improved. It becomes possible.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an operation flow example of the parameter adjustment processing. The parameter adjustment processing is started in step S003 of the resource reservation processing.

First, the unreached number management unit 131 acquires the actual value of the unreached number counter in the latest period (between T _{1 and} T ₂ ) and stores it in the latest predicted number 113 a at the time of the latest prediction in the temporary parameter storage unit 113 (step). S101).

  Then, the provisional period adjustment unit 135 temporarily changes the sample period and stores it in the provisional period 113c of the provisional parameter storage unit 113 (step S102).

  Then, the effective period average calculation unit 132 calculates the basic average unreached number, which considers the temporary period as a sample period, and stores it in the temporary period average unreached number 113d of the temporary parameter storage unit 113 (step S103).

  Then, the provisional ratio adjustment unit 136 temporarily changes the ratio and stores it in the provisional ratio 113e of the provisional parameter storage unit 113 (step S104).

The unreached number prediction unit 134 uses the temporary period and sampling period considered were the foundation average unreached number and the temporary ratios, non in the prediction time T ₁ of the immediately preceding the immediately preceding period (T ₁ -T ₂ between) A re-predicted value of the number of packets reached is acquired (step S105). For this re-prediction, the unreached number prediction unit 134 uses the above equation (1).

Unreached number prediction unit 134, actual value and substantially coincide immediately before the period _(T 1 -T ₂ between) the re-estimated value and the previous period unachieved number of packets _(between T 1 -T ₂₎ (e.g., actual It is determined whether the value is within ± 10% of the value (step S106). If they do not substantially match (in the case of “No” in step S106), the unreached number prediction unit 134 returns the control to step S102.

If the actual value of the immediately preceding period _(T 1 -T ₂ between) unreached packets number of re-estimated value and the previous period _(T 1 -T ₂ between) substantially coincide (if at step S106 "Yes") In step S107, the unreached number prediction unit 134 applies the provisional period and the provisional ratio. Specifically, the unreached number prediction unit 134 reads the tentative period 113c and the tentative ratio 113e of the tentative parameter storage unit 113, and reads the tentative period 113c and the average unreached number ratio 112d of the prediction information storage unit 112. And are stored respectively.

  The above is the operation flow of the parameter adjustment processing. According to the parameter adjustment processing, it is possible to perform re-prediction based on the immediately preceding state using the data in which the sample period and the ratio have been changed, and to specify a parameter that is close to the actual value of the prediction target period.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of an unreached packet. Example 400 unreached packets, the convenience T ₂ as the current time, the graph 401 of the relationship between time and the unreached number is shown. Among them, from a certain point of time _{T s,} satisfies a predetermined condition period of time up to the time _{T 1} is the beginning of the current counting period immediately before the time _{T 2 (between} T s -T _1), corresponding to the sample period 402 And the validity period. Then, a period between T _{1 and} T ₂ corresponds to the latest period 403, and is a period that becomes a reference for the number of unreached numbers used by the latest average calculation unit 133 as the latest unreached trend. _Then, T between 2 -T ₃ corresponds to the prediction period 404, the total period of the future prediction target. Based on this, the unreached number prediction unit 134 uses the actual value of the unreached number of the sample period 402, the actual value of the unreached number of the latest period 403, and the ratio thereof to calculate the unreached number of the prediction period 404. Predict the number.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an operation example of resource reservation. In the example of FIG. 10, the transmission source corresponds to the transmission device 100, the router corresponds to the transfer device 200, and the transmission destination corresponds to another device. Then, at some point T _1, the sender calculates a predicted unreached number between T ₁ -T ₂ based on the unreached number of actual values between T ₀ -T _1, based on the predicted unreached resource count (Queue) Instruction for reservation. If the path from the transmission source to the transmission destination is set to path 0, two queues are reserved in the example of FIG. Then, when the transmission source sends out four packets of 1500 bytes, 3000 bytes of two packets overflowing from the queue cannot receive an Ack response in the RTO and are retransmitted. At the time of this retransmission, the unreached number is counted by incrementing the unreached counter by 3000 bytes.

Then, the counter between T _{1 and} T ₂ is stored in the unreached number storage unit 111 at the end of the counting period, and the unreached number between T _{2 and} T ₃ is predicted at time T _{2 using} this as an actual result. However, prior to the prediction, if the actual value of the unreached number between T _{1 and} T ₂ is significantly different from the predicted unreached number at the time T ₁ , the parameter adjustment process is performed, and the sample period, which is a parameter, is changed. The ratio is adjusted.

After the prediction between T _{2 and} T ₃ , the transmission source issues a resource (queue) reservation instruction based on the predicted value. In the example of FIG. 10, three queues are reserved. Then, when the transmission source transmits three packets of 1500 bytes, all of the 4,500 bytes of the three packets receive an Ack response in the RTO, so that retransmission is unnecessary. In this case, the unreached counter does not increase.

Then, the counter between T _{2 and} T ₃ is stored in the unreached number storage unit 111 at the end of the counting period, and the unreached number between T _{3 and} T ₄ is predicted at time T _{3 using} this as an actual result. If the unreached number of actual values between T ₂ -T ₃ is not significantly different from the predicted unreached Number of T ₂ time, the parameter adjustment process is not performed, the sample period and the ratio are parameters are continuously used .

After the prediction between T _{3 and} T ₄ , the transmission source issues a resource (queue) reservation instruction based on the predicted value. In the example of FIG. 10, three queues are reserved. Then, when the transmission source transmits three packets of 1500 bytes, all of the 4,500 bytes of the three packets receive an Ack response in the RTO, so that retransmission is unnecessary. Also in this case, the unreached counter does not increase.

  Although the communication system 1 according to the embodiment has been specifically described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the invention. . For example, each of the unreached number management unit 131, the effective period average calculation unit 132, the latest average calculation unit 133, the unreached number prediction unit 134, the temporary period adjustment unit 135, the temporary ratio adjustment unit 136, and the resource reservation unit 137 is It may be provided in the device 200 and used for resource adjustment of the transfer device 200 itself.

  In the above-described embodiment, the configuration has been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and the present invention is not necessarily limited to the configuration including all the described configurations.

  In addition, each of the above configurations, functions, processing units, and the like may be partially or entirely realized by hardware, for example, by designing an integrated circuit. In addition, control lines and information lines are shown as necessary for the description, and do not necessarily indicate all control lines and information lines on a product. In fact, it can be considered that almost all components are connected to each other.

  In addition, each of the above-described configurations, functions, processing units, and the like may be implemented in a distributed system by executing a part or all of them on another device and performing integrated processing via a network.

  Further, the technical elements of the above-described embodiments may be applied independently, or may be applied by being divided into a plurality of parts such as a program component and a hardware component.

  As described above, the present invention has been described centering on the embodiments.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Communication system, 50 ... Network, 100 ... Transmitting apparatus, 110 ... Storage part, 111 ... Unreachable frequency storage part, 112 ... Prediction information storage part, 113 ... Temporary parameter storage unit, 114: resource reservation amount storage unit, 130: control unit, 131: unreached number management unit, 132: effective period average calculation unit, 133: latest average calculation unit , 134: unreached number prediction unit, 135: temporary period adjustment unit, 136: temporary ratio adjustment unit, 137: resource reservation unit, 140: communication unit, 200: transfer device , 230 ... control unit, 231: resource reservation receiving unit, 232 ... resource adjustment unit, 233 ... transfer control unit, 240 ... communication unit

Claims (10)

A transmission device for transmitting data to another device via a predetermined transfer device,
An unreached number storage unit that counts the number of unreached packets among the data transmitted to the other device,
A prediction information storage unit including at least information for specifying a predetermined validity period,
An effective period average calculating unit that calculates a basic average unreached number that is an average value of the number of unreached packets in the effective period,
A latest average calculating unit that calculates a short-term average unreached number that is an average value of the number of unreached packets in a predetermined latest period that is newer than the validity period,
The basic average unreached number, the short-term average unreached number, and a non-reached number prediction unit that predicts the unreached packet number in a future period after the latest period using the latest period,
A resource reservation unit that instructs the transfer device to reserve a resource of the transfer device according to the predicted number of packets that have not arrived in the future period;
A transmission device comprising: The transmission device according to claim 1, wherein
The resource reservation unit,
Specifying the resource reservation amount of the transfer device using the predicted number of packets that have not arrived in the future period and a predetermined packet size,
A transmission device characterized by the above-mentioned. The transmission device according to claim 1, wherein
The resource reservation unit,
The amount of data that is satisfied using the predicted number of packets that have not been reached in the future period and the predetermined packet size, and the basic transfer amount that uses the maximum transfer speed of the own device, and the resource reservation amount of the transfer device is added. Identify,
A transmission device characterized by the above-mentioned. The transmission device according to claim 1, wherein
The prediction information storage unit stores information for specifying a predetermined ratio,
The unreached number prediction unit, the basic average unreached number and the short-term average unreached number are weighted according to the ratio to predict the number of unreached packets in the future period after the latest period,
A transmission device characterized by the above-mentioned. The transmission device according to claim 1, wherein
The prediction information storage unit stores information for specifying a predetermined ratio,
The unreached number prediction unit, the basic average unreached number, and the short-term average unreached number is weighted according to the ratio to predict the number of unreached packets in the future period after the latest period,
When the predicted number of packets that have not reached is different from the actual value, a provisional period adjusting unit that changes the validity period so as to approximate the actual value is provided.
A transmission device characterized by the above-mentioned. The transmission device according to claim 1, wherein
The prediction information storage unit stores information for specifying a predetermined ratio,
The unreached number prediction unit, the basic average unreached number, and the short-term average unreached number is weighted according to the ratio to predict the number of unreached packets in the future period after the latest period,
If the predicted number of unreachable packets is different from the actual value, a provisional ratio adjustment unit that changes the ratio to approximate the actual value is provided.
A transmission device characterized by the above-mentioned. The transmission device according to claim 1, wherein
The prediction information storage unit stores information for specifying a predetermined ratio,
The unreached number prediction unit, the basic average unreached number, and the short-term average unreached number is weighted according to the ratio to predict the number of unreached packets in the future period after the latest period,
If the predicted number of unachieved packets is different from the actual value, a provisional period adjusting unit that changes the validity period to approximate the actual value and a temporary ratio adjusting unit that changes the ratio are provided.
A transmission device characterized by the above-mentioned. A communication system comprising the transmission device according to claim 1,
The transfer device,
A resource adjusting unit that allocates predetermined hardware resources for the transmission device when receiving an instruction for the reserved amount of resources of the transfer device from the transmission device;
A communication system comprising: A transmission program of a transmission device that transmits data to another device via a predetermined transfer device,
The transmission device includes a prediction information storage unit including information that specifies at least a predetermined validity period, and a control unit,
In the control unit,
An unreached number storage step of counting the number of unreached packets among the data transmitted to the other device,
An effective period average calculating step of calculating a basic average unreached number, which is an average value of the number of unreached packets in the effective period,
A latest average calculating step of calculating a short-term average unreached number, which is an average value of the number of unreached packets of the predetermined latest period newer than the validity period,
The basic average unreached number, the short-term average unreached number, and a non-reached number prediction step of predicting the unreached packet number of a future period after the latest period using the latest period,
A resource reservation step of instructing the transfer device of a resource reservation amount of the transfer device according to the predicted number of packets that have not arrived in the future period;
A transmission program. A communication method for transmitting data to another device via a predetermined transfer device,
The transmission device includes a prediction information storage unit including information that specifies at least a predetermined validity period, and a control unit,
The control unit includes:
An unreached number storage step of counting the number of unreached packets among the data transmitted to the other device,
An effective period average calculating step of calculating a basic average unreached number, which is an average value of the number of unreached packets in the effective period,
A latest average calculating step of calculating a short-term average unreached number, which is an average value of the number of unreached packets of the predetermined latest period newer than the validity period,
The basic average unreached number, the short-term average unreached number, and a non-reached number prediction step of predicting the unreached packet number of a future period after the latest period using the latest period,
A resource reservation step of instructing the transfer device of a resource reservation amount of the transfer device according to the predicted number of packets that have not arrived in the future period;
Run
The transfer device,
A resource adjustment step of allocating a predetermined hardware resource for the transmission device when receiving an instruction of the reserved amount of the resource of the transfer device from the transmission device;
A communication method, comprising:

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