JP2019020066A - Ventilation controlling apparatus, ventilation controlling method, ventilation property model for gasification fusion furnace plant - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a ventilation controlling apparatus, a ventilation controlling method, a ventilation property model for a gasification fusion furnace plant, in which an opening angle of an air supply valve is pertinently controlled in accordance with ventilation property of a plurality of air supply targets.SOLUTION: There is provided a ventilation controlling apparatus for a gasification fusion furnace plant having a configuration that a plurality of air supply ports are formed on a gasification fusion furnace and the plurality of air supply ports are respectively supplied with air by a common air supply apparatus, in which a target measure value as a measured value of the quantity of air stream at an air supply port for a control target and a non-target measure value as a measured value of the quantity of air stream at an air supply port for a non-control target is obtained, a target set point as a set point of the quantity of air stream at the air supply port for the control target is set, and operation degree of an air adjustment valve connected to the air supply port for the control target is determined based on the obtained target measure value and non-target measure value, and the target set point having been set.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to an air amount control device and an air amount control method for controlling a combustion air supply amount in a gasification melting furnace plant, and an air flow rate characteristic model used for them.

  In the gasification melting furnace plant, in order to make the combustion state in the gasification melting furnace appropriate, the amount of air supplied to the furnace is controlled. In Patent Document 1, based on the flow rate of air from a forced blower that supplies air to a gasification furnace and a melting furnace, the flow rate of exhaust gas recirculated to the gasification furnace, and the combustible gas concentration at the gasification furnace outlet. A method for calculating the amount of combustion air and controlling a combustion air regulating valve is disclosed.

JP 2004-132648 A

  By the way, many gasification melting furnace plants have a plurality of supply destinations of combustion air, and are configured to supply air from a common blower. For this reason, the air flow rate characteristics in each of the air control valves installed at a plurality of supply destinations, that is, the relationship between the air flow rate and the valve opening degree are related to each other, and the air flow rate of one supply destination is the air flow rate characteristic of another supply destination. Affects. However, in the method disclosed in Patent Document 1, the air flow rate at another supply destination is not considered in setting the opening degree of the air regulating valve from the calculated amount of combustion air, and the opening degree of the air regulating valve There is a possibility that the operation cannot be performed properly.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and its main object is to provide an air amount control device, an air amount control method, and an air flow rate characteristic model of a gasification melting furnace plant that can solve the above-described problems. It is in.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, an air amount control device for a gasification and melting furnace plant according to one aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of air in a gasification and melting furnace that incinerates waste and melts ash generated by incineration. An air amount control device for a gasification and melting furnace plant in which a supply port is provided and air is supplied from a common air supply device to each of the plurality of air supply ports, Measurement value acquisition means for acquiring a target measurement value that is a measurement value and a non-target measurement value that is a measurement value of the air flow rate at the air supply port of the non-control target, and a target that is the target value of the control target air flow rate Based on target value setting means for setting a target value, the target measurement value and non-target measurement value acquired by the measurement value acquisition means, and the target target value set by the target value setting means, And an operation amount determining means for determining an operation amount of the air regulating valve connected to the air supply port to adjust the air flow rate at the air supply port of the serial controlled.

  In this aspect, the target value setting means is configured to further set a non-target target value that is a target value of the non-control target air flow rate, and the manipulated variable determination means includes the target value setting means. Further, the operation amount may be determined based on the non-target target value set by.

  Further, in the above aspect, the measurement value acquisition means acquires a primary air flow rate measurement value of a melting furnace included in the gasification melting furnace as the target measurement value, and a secondary of the melting furnace as the non-target measurement value. An air flow rate measurement value is configured to be acquired, the target value setting unit is configured to set a primary air flow rate target value of the melting furnace as the target target value, and the operation amount determination unit is configured to The operation amount of the air control valve connected to the primary air supply port of the furnace may be determined.

  Further, in the above aspect, the measurement value acquisition means acquires a secondary air flow rate measurement value of a melting furnace included in the gasification melting furnace as the target measurement value, and primary of the melting furnace as the non-target measurement value. An air flow rate measurement value is configured to be acquired, and the target value setting unit is configured to set a secondary air flow rate target value of the melting furnace as the target target value. The operation amount of the air control valve connected to the secondary air supply port of the melting furnace may be determined.

  Further, in the above aspect, the measurement value acquisition unit is configured to measure an air supply amount to a gasification furnace burner included in the gasification melting furnace, and measure an air supply amount to a melting furnace start burner provided in the melting furnace. Value, a measured value of air supply to a melting furnace auxiliary burner provided in the melting furnace, a measured value of air supply to an output ejector for discharging molten slag from the melting furnace, and the primary air. At least one of the measured oxygen flow rates may be further acquired as the non-target measured value.

  Further, in the above aspect, the air amount control device is configured to determine the target measurement value based on the actual value of the air flow rate of the control target and the non-control target, and the actual value of the operation amount of the air control valve, The apparatus further comprises model construction means for constructing an air flow characteristic model for determining the operation amount of the air control valve based on the non-target measurement value and the target target value, and the operation amount determination means is constructed by the model construction means. The manipulated variable may be determined by applying the target measurement value, the non-target measurement value, and the target target value to the air flow characteristic model.

  Further, in the above aspect, the model construction means includes a first target air flow rate actual value that is a past actual value of the air flow rate of the control target, and a first time point of the air flow rate of the non-control target. A non-target air flow rate actual value that is a past actual value and an operation amount actual value at the first time point in the air control valve as explanatory variables, and a predetermined time from the first time point of the air flow rate to be controlled. Using the second target air flow rate actual value that is the actual value at the second time point after the lapse as an objective variable, the air flow characteristic model is constructed by multiple regression analysis, and the manipulated variable determination means includes: The first target air flow actual value in the air flow characteristic model is the target measurement value, the second target air amount actual value is the target target value, and the non-target air flow actual value is the non-target measurement value. Replace It may be configured to determine the manipulated variable.

  Further, in the above aspect, the model construction means sets the actual value at the first time point of the primary air flow rate of the melting furnace included in the gasification melting furnace as the first target air flow rate actual value, and the primary air flow rate. The actual value at the second time point is set as the second target air amount actual value, the actual value at the first time point of the secondary air flow rate of the melting furnace is set as the non-target air flow rate actual value, and the melting furnace The air flow characteristic model is constructed by using the actual value at the first time point of the operation amount of the air control valve connected to the primary air supply port as the actual operation value. The value acquisition means is configured to acquire a primary air flow rate measurement value of the melting furnace as the target measurement value, and to acquire a secondary air flow rate measurement value of the melting furnace as the non-target measurement value, and the target value The setting means uses the target target value. It is configured to set a primary air flow rate target value of the melting furnace, and the manipulated variable determination means applies the target measurement value, the non-target measurement value, and the target target value to the air flow characteristic model, The operation amount of the air control valve may be determined.

  Further, in the above aspect, the model construction means includes the square of the actual value at the first time point of the operation amount of the air control valve, the time change rate of the actual value of the operation amount of the air control valve, and the primary air flow rate. The air flow rate is further based on at least one of a product of a time change rate of the actual value of the actual value and a time change rate of the actual value of the operation amount of the air control valve and a time change rate of the actual value of the primary air flow rate It may be configured to build a characteristic model.

  Further, in the above aspect, the model construction means includes an actual value of an air supply amount to a gasification furnace burner included in the gasification melting furnace, an air supply amount to a melting furnace start burner provided in the melting furnace. The actual value, the actual value of the air supply amount to the auxiliary furnace burner provided in the melting furnace, the actual value of the air supply amount to the output ejector for discharging the molten slag from the melting furnace, and the primary air The air flow rate characteristic model is further constructed based on at least one of the actual values of the oxygen flow rate mixed with the air flow rate characteristic model, and the measured value acquisition means is an air supply amount to the gasifier burner Measured value, measured air supply amount to the melting furnace start burner, measured air supply amount to the melting furnace auxiliary burner, measured air supply amount to the eductor ejector, and oxygen mixed into the primary air Flow measurement At least one of, or may be configured to further acquire a the non-target measurement.

  Further, in the above aspect, the model construction means may be configured to construct the air flow characteristic model based further on whether or not the actual value of the primary air flow rate has increased over time. Good.

  Further, in the above aspect, the model construction means sets the actual value at the first time point of the secondary air flow rate of the melting furnace included in the gasification melting furnace as the first target air flow rate actual value, and the secondary The actual value at the second time point of the air flow rate is the second target air amount actual value, the actual value at the first time point of the primary air flow rate of the melting furnace is the non-target air flow rate actual value, and the melting The actual flow value at the first time point of the operation amount of the air control valve connected to the secondary air supply port of the furnace is used as the operation amount actual value, and the air flow characteristic model is constructed. The measurement value acquisition means is configured to acquire a secondary air flow rate measurement value of the melting furnace as the target measurement value, and to acquire a primary air flow rate measurement value of the melting furnace as the non-target measurement value, The target value setting means determines the target target value. The operation amount determination means is configured to apply the target measurement value, the non-target measurement value, and the target target value to the air flow characteristic model. The operation amount of the air control valve may be determined.

  Further, in the above aspect, the model construction means includes the square root of the actual value of the operation amount of the air control valve at the first time point, the rate of time change of the actual value of the operation amount of the air control valve, the secondary air Further based on at least one of a time change rate of the actual value of the flow rate, and a product of the time change rate of the actual value of the operation amount of the air control valve and the time change rate of the actual value of the secondary air flow rate, The air flow characteristic model may be constructed.

  Further, in the above aspect, the model construction means includes an actual value of an air supply amount to a gasification furnace burner included in the gasification melting furnace, an air supply amount to a melting furnace start burner provided in the melting furnace. The actual value, the actual value of the air supply amount to the auxiliary furnace burner provided in the melting furnace, the actual value of the air supply amount to the output ejector for discharging the molten slag from the melting furnace, and the primary air The air flow rate characteristic model is further constructed based on at least one of the actual values of the oxygen flow rate mixed with the air flow rate characteristic model, and the measured value acquisition means is an air supply amount to the gasifier burner Measured value, measured air supply amount to the melting furnace start burner, measured air supply amount to the melting furnace auxiliary burner, measured air supply amount to the eductor ejector, and oxygen mixed into the primary air Flow measurement At least one of, or may be configured to further acquire a the non-target measurement.

  Further, in the above aspect, the model construction means is configured to construct the air flow characteristic model based further on whether or not the actual value of the secondary air flow rate has increased over time. Also good.

  In the above aspect, the model construction unit may be configured to construct the air flow rate characteristic model in which a plurality of linear models are combined.

  Further, in the above aspect, the manipulated variable determining means converts the air flow rate characteristic model, which is a multiple regression equation constructed by the model constructing means, into the actual manipulated variable actual value as an objective variable, and the second It may be configured to derive an operation amount determination formula using the actual air flow rate actual value as an explanatory variable, and to determine the operation amount using the operation amount determination formula.

  Further, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for controlling the amount of air in a gasification melting furnace plant, wherein a plurality of air supply ports are provided in a gasification melting furnace for incinerating waste and melting ash generated by incineration, An air amount control method for a gasification and melting furnace plant in which air is supplied from a common air supply device to each of a plurality of air supply ports, and a target measurement value that is a measurement value of an air flow rate at an air supply port to be controlled And a step of acquiring a non-target measurement value that is a measurement value of an air flow rate at a non-control target air supply port, and a step of setting a target target value that is a target value of the control target air flow rate. Based on the target measurement value and the non-target measurement value, and the set target target value, an air conditioner connected to the air supply port for adjusting the air flow rate at the air supply port of the control target. And a step of determining an operation amount of the valve.

  In addition, the air flow characteristic model according to another aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of air supply ports provided in a gasification melting furnace that incinerates waste and melts ash generated by incineration. An air flow rate characteristic model of an air control valve connected to the air supply port in order to adjust the air flow rate at the air supply port to be controlled in a gasification melting furnace plant in which air is supplied from a common air supply device. The first target air flow rate actual value that is the past actual value of the air flow rate at the control target air supply port at the first previous time point, and the air flow rate at the non-control target air supply port at the first time point. The non-target air flow rate actual value, which is the actual value, and the operation amount actual value at the first time point in the air control valve are used as explanatory variables, and a predetermined time from the first time point of the control target air flow rate. As objective variable second target air flow rate actual value is the actual value at the second time after the over, derived by multiple regression analysis.

  According to the air amount control device, the air amount control method, and the air flow rate characteristic model of the gasification melting furnace plant according to the present invention, the opening operation of the air supply valve is performed in consideration of the air flow rate characteristics of a plurality of air supply destinations. It becomes possible to carry out appropriately.

The schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the gasification melting furnace plant which concerns on embodiment. The block diagram which shows the structure of the air quantity control apparatus which concerns on embodiment. The flowchart which shows the procedure of the air quantity control process by the air quantity control apparatus which concerns on embodiment. The flowchart which shows the procedure of a model construction process. The graph which shows the air flow rate characteristic of the air control valve for secondary air. The flowchart which shows the procedure of learning data creation processing. The flowchart which shows the procedure of the operation amount determination process. The flowchart which shows the procedure of a primary air operation amount calculation process. The flowchart which shows the procedure of a secondary air operation amount calculation process.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, each embodiment shown below illustrates the method and apparatus for actualizing the technical idea of this invention, Comprising: The technical idea of this invention is not necessarily limited to the following. Absent. The technical idea of the present invention can be variously modified within the technical scope described in the claims.

<Configuration of gasification melting furnace plant>
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a gasification melting furnace plant. The gasification melting furnace plant 10 according to the present embodiment includes a gasification melting furnace 15 including a gasification furnace 20 and a melting furnace 30. The gasification melting furnace plant 10 includes a waste pit 40 for storing waste, and the waste discharged from the waste collection vehicle 41 is accommodated in the waste pit 40. The garbage pit 40 is provided with a garbage crane 42. The garbage crane 42 picks up the waste from the garbage pit 40 by a fixed amount by grasping and raising the waste stored in the garbage pit 40.

  Next to the garbage pit 40, a dust supply hopper 50 is provided. The garbage crane 42 throws the waste lifted from the garbage pit 40 into the feeding hopper 50. The dust feeding hopper 50 includes a crusher (not shown) and crushes the input waste. Below the dust feed hopper 50, a dust feed conveyor 51, which is a belt conveyor, is provided, and the crushed waste is supplied to the dust feed conveyor 51 in a fixed amount. A dust supply conveyor 51 conveys the waste and puts it into the gasification furnace 20.

  The gasification furnace 20 is provided with a fluidized bed 21 made of fluidized particles (for example, sand) at the bottom. A wind box 22 is provided in the lower part of the fluidized bed 21. When the forced air is introduced by the forced blower 23 communicated in the windbox 22, fluidized air is jetted upward, and the fluidized particles in the fluidized bed 21 and The waste supplied by the dust feeding conveyor 51 is fluidly stirred. Since the gasification furnace 20 collects metals such as iron and aluminum in an unoxidized state, the fluidized bed temperature (sand layer temperature) of the fluidized particles in the fluidized bed 21 is about 500, which is equal to or lower than the melting point (600 ° C.) of aluminum. It is operated to reach ~ 600 ° C. The waste is pyrolyzed in a reducing atmosphere having an air ratio of about 0.2 to 0.3 in the fluidized bed 21 to become pyrolysis gas (combustible gas) and unburned solids (char, ash, etc.). . A flow path 24 communicating with the melting furnace 30 is provided at the top portion of the gasification furnace 20, and pyrolysis gas and unburned solids are supplied to the melting furnace 30 through the flow path 24.

  The melting furnace 30 burns the pyrolysis gas and unburned solid content generated in the gasification furnace 20 at a high temperature of about 1300 to 1400 ° C. The flow path 24 is provided with a primary air supply port 25 for supplying combustion air, and a duct 27 for supplying air to the primary air supply port 25 by a secondary blower 26 as a primary air supply device. Connected through. In addition, an oxygen enricher 28 is connected to the duct 27, and combustion air supplied from the secondary blower 26 and oxygen supplied from the oxygen enricher 28 are mixed to form a primary air supply port. 25 is supplied to the flow path 24, and is supplied from the flow path 24 to the melting furnace 30. An air control valve 29 that is a butterfly valve is provided in the vicinity of the primary air supply port 25 of the duct 27, and the primary air supply amount to the melting furnace 30 is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the air control valve 29.

  In the melting furnace 30, a portion communicating with the flow path 24 is a primary combustion chamber 31, and the supplied combustion air is strongly swirled as indicated by an arrow in the figure. In the primary combustion chamber 31, a part of the pyrolysis gas flowing from the gasification furnace is burned. A melting furnace auxiliary burner 35 is provided at the top of the primary combustion chamber 31 to assist combustion of the pyrolysis gas. The melting furnace auxiliary burner 35 communicates with a duct 27 through an air supply port 35 a that is a port, and air is supplied from the secondary blower 26. An air control valve 35b, which is a butterfly valve, is provided in the vicinity of the air supply port 35a of the duct 27, and the amount of air supplied to the melting furnace auxiliary burner 35 is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the air control valve 35b. The

  In addition, the melting furnace 30 has a throttle portion 36 having a smaller cross-sectional area than the other portions at the lower end of the primary combustion chamber 31, and a secondary combustion chamber 32 at the rear stage of the throttle portion 36. The secondary combustion chamber 32 is provided with a secondary air supply port 33 that is a port of the duct 27, and combustion air is supplied from the secondary blower 26. Further, an air control valve 34 that is a butterfly valve is provided in the vicinity of the secondary air supply port 33 of the duct 27, and the secondary air supply amount to the melting furnace 30 is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the air control valve 34. Adjusted.

  In the secondary combustion chamber 32, unburned pyrolysis gas is burned at a high temperature by the combustion air. The ash melts, slag is generated, and dioxins are decomposed. A slag downstream port 37 is provided in the lower part of the melting furnace 30, and a slag downstream port 37 is provided with an output ejector 38. A duct 27 communicates with the output ejector 38 through an air supply port 38 a, and air is supplied from the secondary blower 26. An air control valve 38b, which is a butterfly valve, is provided in the vicinity of the air supply port 38a of the duct 27. The amount of air supplied to the output ejector 38 is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the air control valve 38b. . The air control valves 29, 34, 35b, and 38b are not limited to butterfly valves, and may be other types of valves. The output ejector 38 uses the supply air from the secondary blower 26 to discharge the molten slag from the slag downstream port 37. The molten slag is used as a useful resource by being recovered from the slag downstream port 37 to the outside of the furnace.

  The boiler 60 is installed attached to the melting furnace 30 and collects heat generated in the gasification and melting process. The boiler 60 evaporates water using heat generated in the gasification and melting process, and drives a steam turbine and a generator (not shown) to generate electric power. An exhaust chimney 70 is connected to the melting furnace 30. Between the melting furnace 30 and the chimney 70, a gas cooling device, an exhaust gas treatment device (such as a bag filter), a denitration device, and an induction blower (not shown) are installed to cool and remove the exhaust gas generated by the melting furnace 30. Send to chimney 70. In addition, although the gasification melting furnace plant provided with the boiler is demonstrated here, the gasification melting furnace plant not provided with the boiler may be sufficient.

  Various sensors are provided in the gasification melting furnace plant 10 as described above. The flow path leading from the blower 23 to the wind box 22 includes a push air thermometer 71 for measuring the temperature of the push air introduced into the wind box 22 and a push air flow meter for measuring the flow of the push air. 72 and a pushing air pressure gauge 73 for measuring the pressure of the pushing air. A discharge thermometer 74 for measuring the temperature of the air discharged from the secondary blower 26 and a discharge pressure gauge 75 for measuring the pressure of the air are located near the blower outlet from the secondary blower 26 in the duct 27. And are provided. The primary air supply port 25 has a primary air flow meter 76 for measuring the flow rate of combustion air (hereinafter referred to as “primary air”) supplied from the secondary blower 26 to the flow path 24 through the duct 27. The oxygen enrichment device 28 is provided with an oxygen flow meter 77 for measuring the flow rate of O 2 gas supplied from the oxygen enrichment device 28 (hereinafter referred to as “oxygen flow rate”). An auxiliary burner air flow meter 78 for measuring the flow rate of air supplied to the melting furnace auxiliary burner 35 (hereinafter referred to as “auxiliary burner air flow rate”) is provided in the air supply port 35 a opened in the melting furnace auxiliary burner 35. Is provided. The secondary air supply port 33 is provided with a secondary for measuring the flow rate of combustion air (hereinafter referred to as “secondary air”) supplied from the secondary blower 26 to the secondary combustion chamber 32 through the duct 27. An air flow meter 79 is provided. An ejector air flow meter 80 for measuring the flow rate of air supplied to the output ejector 38 (hereinafter referred to as “ejector air flow rate”) is provided at the air supply port 38 a opened in the output ejector 38. Yes.

  The gasification melting furnace plant 10 is connected to an air amount control device 100 (see FIG. 2). The air amount control device 100 includes a pushing air thermometer 71, a pushing air flow meter 72, a pushing air pressure meter 73, a discharge thermometer 74, a discharge pressure meter 75, a primary air flow meter 76, an oxygen flow meter 77, and an auxiliary burner air flow rate. A total of 78, a secondary air flow meter 79, and an ejector air flow meter 80 are connected to receive the output data. In addition, the air amount control device 100 is connected to the air control valves 29, 34, 35b, and 38b. The air amount control apparatus 100 adjusts the opening degree of the air control valves 29, 34, 35b, and 38b based on the output data of these sensors, and controls the air supply amount to the melting furnace 30.

<Configuration of air quantity control device>
Next, the configuration of the air amount control device according to the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the air amount control apparatus according to the present embodiment. The air amount control device 100 is realized by a computer 200. As shown in FIG. 2, the computer 200 includes a main body 300, an input unit 400, and a display unit 500. The main body 300 includes a CPU 301, ROM 302, RAM 303, hard disk 305, input / output interface 306, and image output interface 307. The CPU 301, ROM 302, RAM 303, hard disk 305, input / output interface 306, and image output interface 307 are buses. Connected by.

  The CPU 301 executes a computer program loaded on the RAM 303. When the CPU 301 executes an air amount control program 310 that is a computer program for air amount control, the computer 200 functions as the air amount control device 100. The air amount control program 310 includes air flow characteristic models 311 and 312 for calculating the operation amounts of the air adjustment valve 29 for primary air and the air adjustment valve 34 for secondary air.

  The ROM 302 is configured by a mask ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, or the like, and stores a computer program executed by the CPU 301, data used for the same, and the like.

  The RAM 303 is configured by SRAM, DRAM, or the like. The RAM 303 is used for reading the air amount control program 310 recorded in the hard disk 305. The RAM 303 is used as a work area for the CPU 301 when the CPU 301 executes a computer program.

  The hard disk 305 is installed with various computer programs to be executed by the CPU 301 such as an operating system and application programs, and data used for executing the computer programs. An air amount control program 310 is also installed in the hard disk 305.

  Further, the hard disk 305 has a result database (result DB) 320 for storing data output from each sensor, a learning database (learning DB) 330 for storing learning data used for machine learning, and machine learning. The model learning result database (model learning result DB) 340 for storing model parameters of the constructed air flow rate characteristic models 311 and 312 and the operation amounts of the air control valves 29 and 34 for supplying primary and secondary air are used. An operation condition database (operation condition DB) 350 for storing data to be stored is provided.

  The input / output interface 306 includes, for example, a serial interface such as USB, IEEE1394, or RS-232C, a parallel interface such as SCSI, IDE, or IEEE1284, and an analog interface including a D / A converter, an A / D converter, and the like. It is configured. An input unit 400 including a keyboard and a mouse is connected to the input / output interface 306, and the user can input data to the computer 200 by using the input unit 400. Further, the input / output interface 306 includes the above-described pushing air thermometer 71, pushing air flow meter 72, pushing air pressure meter 73, discharge thermometer 74, discharge pressure meter 75, primary air flow meter 76, oxygen flow meter 77, An auxiliary burner air flow meter 78, a secondary air flow meter 79, and an ejector air flow meter 80 are connected to each other, and are configured to receive output data from these sensors. Further, the air control valves 29, 34, 35b, and 38b are connected to the input / output interface 306, and control signals can be transmitted to these.

  The image output interface 307 is connected to a display unit 500 configured by an LCD, a CRT, or the like, and outputs a video signal corresponding to image data given from the CPU 301 to the display unit 500. The display unit 500 displays an image (screen) according to the input video signal.

<Operation of air quantity control device>
Next, the operation of the air amount control apparatus 100 will be described. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an operation procedure of the air amount control apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment. The air amount control device 100 executes an air amount control process for the gasification melting furnace plant 10. Such air amount control processing is control of the supply amount of primary and secondary air based on output data from various sensors, whereby the combustion state in the melting furnace 30 is properly maintained.

なお、上記の式（２）において、ここでは温圧補正の対象は一次空気流量、酸素流量、補助バーナ空気流量、二次空気流量、及びエゼクタ空気流量である。この前処理により、一次空気流量、酸素流量、補助バーナ空気流量、二次空気流量、及びエゼクタ空気流量のそれぞれの運転データが取得される。その後、ＣＰＵ３０１は、取得された運転データを実績ＤＢ３２０に保存する（ステップＳ１０３）。 The air amount control device 100 includes the above-described sensors, specifically, a pushing air thermometer 71, a pushing air flow meter 72, a pushing air pressure gauge 73, a discharge thermometer 74, a discharge pressure gauge 75, and a primary air flow meter 76. The data (hereinafter referred to as “measurement data”) output from the oxygen flow meter 77, the auxiliary burner air flow meter 78, the secondary air flow meter 79, the ejector air flow meter 80, etc. are received (step S101). The CPU 301 performs preprocessing such as noise removal, smoothing, and correction on the measurement data (step S102). In the preprocessing, the moving average of the measurement data of the primary air flow meter 76, the oxygen flow meter 77, the auxiliary burner air flow meter 78, the secondary air flow meter 79, and the ejector air flow meter 80 is calculated according to the equation (1). Further, according to the equation (2), the measured value of the air flow rate is corrected (temperature / pressure correction) by the temperature and pressure, and converted from standing rice to normal standing rice.

In the above formula (2), here, the targets of the temperature / pressure correction are the primary air flow rate, the oxygen flow rate, the auxiliary burner air flow rate, the secondary air flow rate, and the ejector air flow rate. By this pre-processing, the respective operation data of the primary air flow rate, oxygen flow rate, auxiliary burner air flow rate, secondary air flow rate, and ejector air flow rate are acquired. Then, CPU301 preserve | saves the acquired driving | operation data in performance DB320 (step S103).

  Next, the CPU 301 determines whether or not to build the air flow rate characteristic models 311 and 312 (step S104). For example, the CPU 311 refers to the model learning result DB 340, and when the model parameters of the air flow rate characteristic models 311 and 312 are not stored (that is, when the air flow rate characteristic models 311 and 312 are not constructed), the previous air It is determined that the air flow rate characteristic models 311 and 312 are to be built when a predetermined time has elapsed since the flow rate characteristic models 311 and 312 have been constructed, or when the user has instructed the construction of the air flow rate characteristic models 311 and 312. When it is determined that the air flow characteristic models 311 and 312 are to be constructed (YES in step S104), the CPU 301 executes a model construction process (step S105).

但し、ｙ（ｔ）は時刻ｔにおける目的変数であり、ｘ_１（ｔ），ｘ_２（ｔ），…，ｘ_Ｉ（ｔ）は説明変数であり、θ_１，θ_２，…，θ_Ｉはモデルパラメータであり、θ_０はオフセット項（定数）であり、Ｉは説明変数の数である。本実施の形態に係る空気量制御装置１００では、一次空気の空気調節弁２９の空気流量特性モデル３１１と、二次空気の空気調節弁３４の空気流量特性モデル３１２とが構築される。 Hereinafter, the model construction process will be described in detail. In the air amount control apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, the air flow rate characteristic models 311 and 312 are defined by multiple regression equations. A generalized air flow rate characteristic model is shown in the following equation (3).

However, y (t) is the target variable at time _{t, x 1 (t),} x 2 (t), ..., x I (t) is an explanatory _{variable, θ 1, θ 2, ...} , θ I Is a model parameter, θ ₀ is an offset term (constant), and I is the number of explanatory variables. In the air amount control apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, an air flow characteristic model 311 of the primary air adjustment valve 29 and an air flow characteristic model 312 of the secondary air adjustment valve 34 are constructed.

但し、ｘ_ｐｐ（ｔ）は時刻ｔにおける一次空気流量の測定値（以下、「ＰＶ値」という）であり、ｘ_ｐｍ（ｔ）は時刻ｔにおける空気調節弁２９の操作量（以下、操作量を「ＭＶ値」といい、空気調節弁２９のＭＶ値を「一次空気流量ＭＶ値」という）であり、ｘ_ｓｐ（ｔ）は時刻ｔにおける二次空気流量ＰＶ値であり、ｘ_{ｏｔｈｅｒ}（ｔ）は時刻ｔにおける補助バーナ空気流量ＰＶ値及びエゼクタ空気流量ＰＶ値の和であり、ｘ_Ｏ２（ｔ）は時刻ｔにおける酸素流量ＰＶ値である。また、Ｔ_１は一次空気流量の時定数であり、Ｔ_２は二次空気流量の時定数であり、ΔＴは制御周期である。したがって、ｘ_ｐｐ（ｔ＋Ｔ_１）は、一次遅れ系である一次空気流量を時刻ｔにおける目標値（以下、「ＳＶ値」という）に応じて制御した結果収束した実測値であり、同様にｘ_ｓｐ（ｔ＋Ｔ_２）は、一次遅れ系である二次空気流量を時刻ｔにおける二次空気流量ＳＶ値に応じて制御した結果収束した実測値である。また、ｘ_ｐｐ（ｔ−ΔＴ）は、時刻ｔより一制御周期前の時点における一次空気流量ＰＶ値である。また、ｓｉｇｎ（）は符号関数である。ここで符号関数とは、入力された数値が正であれば「１」を、負であれば「−１」を出力する関数である。したがって、ｓｉｇｎ（ｘ_ｐｐ（ｔ+Ｔ_１）−ｘ_ｐｐ（ｔ））は、一次空気流量ＰＶ値が時刻ｔからｔ＋Ｔ_１にかけて増加したか否かを示している。 The air flow rate characteristic model 311 according to the present embodiment is specifically expressed by the following equation (4).

However, x _pp (t) is a measured value (hereinafter referred to as “PV value”) of the primary air flow rate at time t, and x _pm (t) is an operation amount (hereinafter referred to as operation amount) of the air control valve 29 at time t. Is referred to as “MV value”, and the MV value of the air control valve 29 is referred to as “primary air flow rate MV value”), and x _sp (t) is the secondary air flow rate PV value at time t, and x _other (t ) Is the sum of the auxiliary burner air flow rate PV value and the ejector air flow rate PV value at time t, and x _O2 (t) is the oxygen flow rate PV value at time t. T ₁ is a time constant of the primary air flow rate, T ₂ is a time constant of the secondary air flow rate, and ΔT is a control cycle. Therefore, x _pp (t + T ₁ ) is an actually measured value converged as a result of controlling the primary air flow rate, which is a primary delay system, according to a target value at time t (hereinafter referred to as “SV value”), and similarly x _sp (T + T ₂ ) is an actual measurement value converged as a result of controlling the secondary air flow rate, which is a primary delay system, according to the secondary air flow rate SV value at time t. Further, x _pp (t−ΔT) is a primary air flow rate PV value at a time point one control cycle before time t. Sign () is a sign function. Here, the sign function is a function that outputs “1” if the input numerical value is positive and “−1” if it is negative. Therefore, sign (x _pp (t + T ₁ ) −x _pp (t)) indicates whether or not the primary air flow rate PV value has increased from time t to t + T ₁ .

また、ｘ_ｓｍ（ｔ）は時刻ｔにおける空気調節弁２９のＭＶ値（以下、「二次空気流量ＭＶ値」という）である。式（５−１）はｘ_ｓｍ（ｔ）が閾値Ｔ_ｓｍ未満場合の線型モデルであり、式（５−２）はｘ_ｓｍ（ｔ）が閾値Ｔ_ｓｍ以上の場合の線型モデルであり、空気流量特性モデル３１２は、これらの２つの線型モデルが結合されたものである。 Further, the air flow rate characteristic model 312 according to the present embodiment is specifically expressed by the following equations (5-1) and (5-2).

Further, x _sm (t) is an MV value of the air control valve 29 at time t (hereinafter referred to as “secondary air flow rate MV value”). Equation (5-1) is a linear model when x _sm (t) is less than the threshold T _sm , and Equation (5-2) is a linear model when x _sm (t) is greater than or equal to the threshold T _sm , and air The flow characteristic model 312 is a combination of these two linear models.

  In the model construction process, the actual values are approximated by the least square method, and the model parameters of the air flow characteristic models 311 and 312 as described above are specified. In the least square method, approximation is performed so as to minimize the error with respect to the actual value of the objective variable, and the error with respect to the actual value of the explanatory variable is not considered. Since the MV value is a control amount calculated by the air amount control apparatus 100, the error with respect to the actually measured value is smaller than the SP value that is the result of control. In this embodiment, as shown in the equations (4), (5-1), and (5-2), the MV value is an explanatory variable and the SP value is an objective variable. Is constructed by the least squares method, the probability of the air flow characteristic models 311 and 312 constructed is improved as compared with the case where the MV value is used as the objective variable.

Since the air flow characteristic model 311 is used for the operation of the air control valve 29 for primary air, the control target related to the air flow characteristic model 311 is the primary air supply port 25. The “control target” here does not indicate the control target of the entire air amount control device 100 but indicates the air flow rate at the air supply port targeted by the air flow rate characteristic model. That is, the control target according to the air flow rate characteristic model 311 is the air flow rate at the primary air supply port 25, and the air flow rates at the secondary air supply port 33 and the air supply ports 35a and 38a are non-control targets. Similarly, the control target related to the air flow rate characteristic model 312 is the air flow rate at the secondary air supply port 33, and the air flow rates at the primary air supply port 25 and the air supply ports 35a and 38a are non-control targets. The air flow rate characteristic model 311 of the air control valve 29 for primary air is not only a primary air flow rate PV value and an SV value (x _pp (t + T ₁ ) corresponding thereto) at the primary air supply port 25 to be controlled. Secondary air flow rate PV value, secondary air flow rate SV value (x _sp (t + T ₂ ) corresponding to this), auxiliary burner air flow rate PV value, and ejector air flow rate PV at the air supply ports 33, 35a, 38a to be controlled Contains each element of the value. That is, the air flow rate characteristic model 311 is defined in consideration of each air flow rate of the secondary air, the auxiliary burner air, and the ejector air that share the primary air and the secondary blower 26 that is an air supply source. For this reason, by using the air flow characteristic model 311, the opening operation of the air control valve 29 can be appropriately performed. Similarly, the air flow rate characteristic model 312 of the air regulating valve 34 for the secondary air has a secondary air flow rate PV value and an SV value (x _sp (t + T ₂ ) corresponding thereto) at the secondary air supply port 33 to be controlled. ), The primary air flow rate PV value, the primary air flow rate SV value (corresponding x _pp (t + T ₁ )), the auxiliary burner air flow rate PV value at the non-control target air supply ports 25, 35a, and 38a, and Each element of the ejector air flow rate PV value is included. That is, the air flow rate characteristic model 312 is defined in consideration of the respective air flow rates of the primary air, the auxiliary burner air, and the ejector air that share the secondary air and the secondary blower 26 that is an air supply source. For this reason, by using the air flow rate characteristic model 312, the opening operation of the air control valve 34 can be appropriately performed.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the procedure of model construction processing. In the model construction process, the CPU 301 first reads operation data from the performance DB 320 (step S201). In the result DB 320, not only the PV values of the primary air flow rate, the oxygen flow rate, the auxiliary burner air flow rate, the secondary air flow rate, and the ejector air flow rate stored in step S103, but also the primary air flow rate MV value and the secondary air flow rate are stored. The actual value of the air flow rate MV value is also stored as operation data associated with the time information. In step S201, the primary air flow rate at time t, the oxygen flow rate, the auxiliary burner air flow rate, secondary air flow rate, and the ejector each PV value of the air flow rate, primary air flow rate PV value at time t + T _1, secondary air at time t + T ₂ The flow rate PV value, the MV values of the primary and secondary air flow rates at time t, and the PV value and MV value of the primary and secondary air amounts at time t-ΔT, respectively, are read.

Next, the CPU 301 creates preprocess variable information (step S202). The creation of preprocessing variable information will be described. As shown in Expression (4), the air flow rate characteristic model 311 includes explanatory variables (x _pp (t), x _pp (t + T ₁ ), x _pm (t), x _sp (t), In addition to x _sp (t + T ₂ ), x _O2 (t)), the following explanatory variables that need to be calculated are included.

Further, as shown in the equations (5-1) and (5-2), the air flow rate characteristic model 312 is an explanatory variable (x _pp (t), x _pp (t + T ₁ ), x _{sm that} does not need to be calculated. In addition to (t), x _sp (t), x _sp (t + T ₂ ), x _O2 (t)), the following explanatory variables that need to be calculated are included.

  Therefore, the CPU 301 calculates the actual value of the explanatory variable using the read operation data. This is the creation of preprocessing variable information.

  Next, the CPU 301 executes learning data creation processing (step S203). The learning data creation process is a process for creating data used for machine learning of the air flow rate characteristic models 311 and 312.

  Here, the secondary air flow rate characteristic, that is, the air flow rate characteristic of the air control valve 34 will be described. Since the primary air flow rate characteristic, that is, the air flow rate characteristic of the air control valve 29 is substantially linear, the actual value can be approximated by the linear model shown in Expression (4). On the other hand, the secondary air flow rate characteristic is non-linear. Therefore, the secondary air flow rate characteristic cannot be approximated simply by a linear model.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the air flow rate characteristics of the air control valve 34. In FIG. 5, the vertical axis represents the objective variable y (t) (that is, the secondary air flow rate PV value at time t + T2), and the horizontal axis represents the explanatory variable j related to the secondary air flow rate MV value. The explanatory variable j regarding the secondary air flow rate MV value is specifically the following explanatory variables. FIG. 5 shows an example in which the explanatory variable on the horizontal axis is the secondary air flow rate MV value.

  As shown in FIG. 5, in the secondary air flow rate characteristic, in the region where the explanatory variable j is less than the threshold value T (j), the objective variable y (t) increases in proportion to the explanatory variable j, and the explanatory variable j is the threshold value. When T (j) or more, the objective variable y (t) converges to a constant value. For this reason, in the secondary air flow rate characteristic, a threshold value T (j) is set at the inflection point, and 2 shown in the above equations (5-1) and (5-2) with this threshold value T (j) as a boundary. Approximate actual values with two linear models. Therefore, when the explanatory variable j of the learning data is less than the threshold value T (j), the learning data is given to the model of the equation (5-1) and the learning data is not given to the model of the equation (5-2). When the explanatory variable j is equal to or greater than the threshold T (j), the learning data is given to the model of the equation (5-2) without giving the learning data to the model of the equation (5-1). In the learning data creation process, a learning data matrix A for performing learning as described above is created.

学習データ行列Ａは、一行が同一時刻（ｔ）についての各説明変数の実績値が含まれるデータセットとなっており、互いに異なる行には互いに異なる時刻の実績値のデータセットが含まれる。また、列は説明変数に対応しており、上記のような閾値Ｔ（ｊ）による場合分けが必要のない説明変数は一列に、場合分けが必要な説明変数は隣り合う二列に表現されている。場合分けが必要な説明変数は、左の列が閾値Ｔ（ｊ）未満の場合の学習データであり、右の列が閾値Ｔ（ｊ）以上の場合の学習データである。ある説明変数ｊの実績値ｘ（ｉ，ｊ）が閾値Ｔ（ｊ）未満であった場合、左の列の要素Ａ（ｉ，ｋ）に実績値ｘ（ｉ，ｊ）が格納され、右の列の要素Ａ（ｉ，ｋ＋１）には「０」が格納される。また、説明変数ｊの実績値ｘ（ｉ，ｊ）が閾値Ｔ（ｊ）以上であった場合、左の列の要素Ａ（ｉ，ｋ）には「０」が格納され、右の列の要素Ａ（ｉ，ｋ＋１）に実績値ｘ（ｉ，ｊ）が格納される。この学習データ行列Ａは、要素毎に学習ＤＢ３３０に格納される。 An example of the learning data matrix A is shown below.

The learning data matrix A is a data set in which one row includes actual values of each explanatory variable for the same time (t), and different rows include data sets of actual values at different times. The columns correspond to the explanatory variables. The explanatory variables that do not need to be classified according to the threshold value T (j) as described above are expressed in one column, and the explanatory variables that need to be classified are expressed in two adjacent columns. Yes. The explanatory variables that need to be classified are learning data when the left column is less than the threshold value T (j), and learning data when the right column is equal to or more than the threshold value T (j). When the actual value x (i, j) of a certain explanatory variable j is less than the threshold value T (j), the actual value x (i, j) is stored in the element A (i, k) in the left column, and the right “0” is stored in the element A (i, k + 1) in the column of “1”. If the actual value x (i, j) of the explanatory variable j is equal to or greater than the threshold T (j), “0” is stored in the element A (i, k) in the left column, and the right column The actual value x (i, j) is stored in the element A (i, k + 1). This learning data matrix A is stored in the learning DB 330 for each element.

  FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a procedure of learning data creation processing. In the learning data creation process, the CPU 301 initializes each of the data index i, that is, the index i of the record read from the performance DB 320, the explanatory variable index j, and the column component index k of the learning data matrix A used for machine learning. (Steps S301 to S303).

  Next, the CPU 301 determines whether or not the explanatory variable j is an explanatory variable related to the secondary air flow rate MV value (step S304), and when the explanatory variable j is an explanatory variable related to the secondary air flow rate MV value (step S304). In step S305, it is determined whether or not the actual value x (i, j) of the explanatory variable j satisfies the threshold condition, that is, whether or not it is less than the threshold T (j). When the threshold condition is satisfied, that is, when the actual result value x (i, j) is less than the threshold value T (j) (YES in step S305), the CPU 301 uses the element A of the learning data matrix A in the learning DB 330 ( The actual value x (i, j) is stored in i, k) (step S306), and “0” is stored in the element A (i, k + 1) (step S307). On the other hand, when the threshold condition is not satisfied, that is, when the actual value x (i, j) is equal to or greater than the threshold T (j) (NO in step S305), the CPU 301 uses the element A (i, k) of the learning DB 330. ) Is stored in (0) (step S308), and the actual value x (i, j) is stored in element A (i, k + 1) (step S309). After the process of step S307 or S308, the CPU 301 increments k by two (step S310), and moves the process to step S313.

  When the explanatory variable j is not an explanatory variable related to the secondary air flow rate MV value (NO in step S304), the CPU 301 stores the actual value x (i, j) in the element A (i, k) of the learning DB 330 (step S311). , K is incremented by 1 (step S312), and the process proceeds to step S313.

  The CPU 301 determines whether or not j matches the number J of explanatory variables (step S313). If it does not match (NO in step S313), j is incremented by 1 (step S314), and the process proceeds to step S304. To return. Thereby, the actual value of the next explanatory variable is stored in the learning matrix.

  On the other hand, if j matches J (YES in step S313), CPU 301 stores the actual value y (i) of the objective variable in data i in element B (i) of objective variable vector B (step S315). , I is equal to the number I of records read from the record DB 320 (step S316). If i does not match I (NO in step S316), CPU 301 increments i by 1 (step S317) and returns the process to step S302. On the other hand, if i matches I (YES in step S316), CPU 301 ends the learning data creation process.

但し、Θはモデルパラメータベクトルであり、Ａは学習データ行列であり、Ｂは目的変数ベクトルである。 Refer to FIG. 4 again. When the learning data creation process ends, the CPU 301 calculates a model parameter (step S204). The model parameter is calculated by the least square method according to the following equation (6).

Where Θ is a model parameter vector, A is a learning data matrix, and B is an objective variable vector.

  The CPU 301 stores the calculated model parameter in the model learning result DB 340 (step S205), and ends the model construction process.

  Refer to FIG. 3 again. When the model construction process ends, the CPU 301 returns the process to step S101. Thereby, the process after step S101 is performed again. If it is determined in step S104 that the air flow rate characteristic models 311 and 312 are not constructed (NO in step S104), the CPU 301 executes the previous control process (that is, transmission of a control signal), and then performs a predetermined control cycle. It is determined whether ΔT has elapsed (step S106). If control period ΔT has not elapsed (NO in step S106), CPU 301 returns the process to step S101.

  On the other hand, when the control period ΔT has elapsed (YES in step S106), the CPU 301 sets the SP values of the primary and secondary air flow rates (step S107). In the process of step S107, the SP values of the primary and secondary air flow rates in the gasification melting furnace plant 10 are calculated. As this rule, the rule described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-206568 can be used. The set primary and secondary air flow rate SP values are stored in the operating condition DB 350.

  Next, the CPU 301 executes an operation amount determination process (step S108). The manipulated variable determination process is a process of calculating primary and secondary air flow rate MV values with respect to primary and secondary air flow rate SP values. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the operation amount determination process. In the operation amount determination process, the CPU 301 first reads the primary and secondary air flow rate SP values and the operation condition data from the operation condition DB 350, and also reads the preprocessed operation data from the result DB 320 (step S401). The operating condition data includes the previous primary and secondary air flow rate MV values, the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the primary air flow rate MV value, and the like.

Next, the CPU 301 executes a primary air operation amount calculation process (step S402). The primary air manipulated variable calculation process is a process of calculating a primary air flow rate MV value based on the air flow rate characteristic model 311. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the primary air operation amount calculation process. In the primary air operation amount calculation process, the CPU 301 first calculates an intermediate variable V (step S501). The intermediate variable V is calculated according to the following equations (7a) to (7e).

The above formulas (7a) to (7g) are obtained by transforming the formula (4) into the formula x _pm (t). At this time, x _pp (t + T ₁ ) becomes x _ps (t), x _sp (t + T ₂ ) becomes x _ss (t), x _pp (t−ΔT) becomes x _pp (t−1), x _pm (t−ΔT) is replaced with x _pm (t−1), respectively. As a result, the air flow characteristic model 311 in the form of the equation (4) obtained with high accuracy as the primary air flow rate PV value whose objective variable has a large error can be changed to a form for calculating the primary air flow rate MV value.

Next, the CPU 301 determines whether or not V is 0 or more (step S502). If V is 0 or more (YES in step S502), primary air flow rate MV value candidates C ₁₁ and C ₁₂ are calculated according to equations (7f) and (7g) (step S503). Further, the CPU 301 executes upper / lower limiter processing (step S504). In this process, each of the primary air flow rate MV value candidates C ₁₁ and C ₂₂ is compared with the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the primary air flow rate MV value, and when one or both of these exceed the upper limit value or the lower limit value. This is a process of changing the candidate to an upper limit value or a lower limit value.

Then CPU301 _{is, C 11} is greater than determines whether or not the 0 (step S505). If C ₁₁ is greater than 0 (YES in step S505), CPU 301 determines the primary air flow MV value _{C 11} (step S506), and terminates the primary air control input calculation process. On the other _hand, if _{C 11} is 0 or less (NO in step S505), CPU 301 discriminates whether _{C 12} is greater than 0 (step S507). If C ₁₂ is greater than 0 (YES in step S507), CPU 301 determines the primary air flow MV value _{C 12} (step S508), and terminates the primary air control input calculation process. If C ₁₂ is 0 or less (NO in step S507), CPU 301 again determines the primary air flow rate MV value of the previous as a new primary air flow MV value (step S509), it ends the primary air control input calculation process To do.

  If V is less than 0 in step S502 (NO in step S502), the CPU 301 determines the primary air flow rate MV value as the lower limit value (step S510), and ends the primary air manipulated variable calculation process.

Refer to FIG. 7 again. When the primary air operation amount calculation process is completed, the CPU 301 executes a secondary air amount calculation process (step S403). The secondary air manipulated variable calculation process is a process for calculating the secondary air flow rate MV value based on the air flow rate characteristic model 312. FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a procedure of secondary air operation amount calculation processing. In the secondary air operation amount calculation process, the CPU 301 first calculates intermediate variables W ₁ and W ₂ (step S601). The intermediate variables W ₁ and W ₂ are calculated according to the following equations (8a) to (8j).

The above formulas (8a) to (8n) are obtained by transforming the formulas (5-1) and (5-2) into the formula x _sm (t). At this time, x _pp (t + T ₁ ) becomes x _ps (t), x _sp (t + T ₂ ) becomes x _ss (t), x _sp (t−ΔT) becomes x _sp (t−1), x _sm (t−ΔT) is replaced with x _sm (t−1), respectively. As a result, the air flow characteristic model 311 in the form of the equation (4) obtained with high accuracy as the primary air flow rate PV value whose objective variable has a large error can be changed to a form for calculating the primary air flow rate MV value.

Then CPU301 is, _{W 1} is determined whether a 0 or more (step S602). If W ₁ is equal to or greater than 0 (YES in step S602), CPU 311 proceeds to step S604 as it is, and if W ₁ is less than 0 (NO in step S602), W _{1 is changed} to “0”. (Step S603), and the process proceeds to step S604.

CPU301 is, _{W 2} it is determined whether or not greater than 0 (step S604). If W ₂ is equal to or greater than 0 (YES in step S604), CPU 311 directly proceeds to step S606. If W ₂ is less than 0 (NO in step S604), CPU 311 sets W ₂ to “0. (Step S605), and the process proceeds to step S606.

The CPU 301 calculates the secondary air flow rate MV value candidates C ₂₁ , C ₂₂ , C ₂₃ , and C ₂₄ according to the equations (8k) to (8n) (step S606). Further, the CPU 301 executes upper / lower limiter processing (step S607). In this process, each of the candidates C ₂₁ , C ₂₂ , C ₂₃ , and C ₂₄ of the secondary air flow rate MV value is compared with the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the secondary air flow rate MV value, and one or both of these are the upper limit values. Alternatively, when the lower limit value is exceeded, the candidate is changed to the upper limit value or the lower limit value.

The CPU 301 calculates an absolute value difference between each of C ₂₁ , C ₂₂ , C ₂₃ , and C ₂₄ and the previous secondary air flow rate MV value (step S608), and C ₂₁ , C ₂₂ , C ₂₃ , and C ₂₄ are calculated. Among them, the one with the smallest absolute value difference is determined as the secondary air flow rate MV value (step S609). Thus, the secondary air operation amount calculation process is completed.

  Refer to FIG. 7 again. When the secondary air operation amount calculation process ends, the CPU 301 ends the operation amount determination process.

  Refer to FIG. 3 again. When the operation amount determination process is completed, the CPU 301 transmits a control signal corresponding to the obtained primary and secondary air flow rate MV values, and operates the valve opening degree of the air control valve 29 (step S109). As a processing result, the CPU 301 stores the primary and secondary air flow rate MV values in the performance DB 320 and the operation condition DB 350 (step S110), and determines whether or not to end the air amount control process (step S111). If the air amount control process is not terminated (NO in step S111), CPU 301 returns the process to step S101. For example, when an end instruction is given from the operator and the air amount control process is ended (YES in step S111), the CPU 301 ends the air amount control process.

(Other embodiments)
In the embodiment described above, the air flow rate characteristic model 311 includes the secondary air flow rate PV value, the secondary air flow rate SV value (corresponding x _sp (t + T ₂ )), the auxiliary burner air flow rate PV value, and the ejector air flow rate. Although the structure defined including each element of PV value and oxygen flow rate PV value was described, it is not limited to this. The air flow characteristic model 311 can also be defined using the secondary air flow rate PV value without using the secondary air flow rate SV value, the auxiliary burner air flow rate PV value, the ejector air flow rate PV value, and the oxygen flow rate PV value. The air flow characteristic model 311 can also be defined using at least one of the secondary air flow rate SV value, the auxiliary burner air flow rate PV value, the ejector air flow rate PV value, and the oxygen flow rate PV. Also, the air is different from the secondary air flow rate PV value, secondary air flow rate SV value (corresponding x _sp (t + T ₂ )), auxiliary burner air flow rate PV value, ejector air flow rate PV value, and oxygen flow rate PV value. In the case of a configuration in which the flow rate, for example, the air from the secondary blower 26 is supplied to the start burner for starting the melting furnace 30, the air flow rate supplied to the start burner (hereinafter referred to as "start burner air flow rate"). In the case of supplying air from the secondary blower 26 to the burner provided in the gasification furnace 20, an air flow rate supplied to the burner (hereinafter referred to as "gasification burner air flow rate") is used. The air flow characteristic model 311 can also be defined. Specifically, _xother (t) in the equations (4) and (7d) is set to the auxiliary burner air flow rate PV value, ejector air flow rate PV value, start burner air flow rate PV value, and gasifier burner at time t. It may be the sum of the air flow rate PV values.

In the embodiment described above, the air flow rate characteristic model 312 includes the primary air flow rate PV value, the primary air flow rate SV value (corresponding x _pp (t + T ₁ )), the auxiliary burner air flow rate PV value, and the ejector air flow rate. Although the structure defined including each element of PV value and oxygen flow rate PV value was described, it is not limited to this. Without using the primary air flow rate SV value, the auxiliary burner air flow rate PV value, the ejector air flow rate PV value, and the oxygen flow rate PV value, the air flow characteristic model 312 can be defined using the primary air flow rate PV value, The air flow characteristic model 312 may be defined using at least one of the primary air flow rate SV value, the auxiliary burner air flow rate PV value, the ejector air flow rate PV value, and the oxygen flow rate PV. Also, the primary air flow rate PV value, the primary air flow rate SV value (corresponding x _pp (t + T ₁ )), the auxiliary burner air flow rate PV value, the ejector air flow rate PV value, and the air flow rate different from the oxygen flow rate PV value, For example, the air flow characteristic model 311 can be defined using the start burner air flow rate and the gasifier burner air flow rate. Specifically, x _other (t) in the equations (5-1) and (5-2) and the equations (8d) and (8h) is changed to an auxiliary burner air flow rate PV value, an ejector air flow rate PV value at time t, It may be the sum of the start burner air flow rate PV value and the gasifier burner air flow rate PV value.

  In the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which the air flow rate characteristic models 311 and 312 are constructed by multiple regression analysis is described, but the present invention is not limited to this. An operator or the like may create the air flow rate characteristic models 311 and 312 based on experience. In the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which the air flow rate characteristic models 311 and 312 are constructed by the linear least square method has been described. However, another linear fitting method may be used. In the above-described embodiment, the air flow characteristic model 312 is approximated by the linear least square method as two linear models. However, the air flow characteristic model 312 is constructed using the nonlinear least square method. You can also Further, the air flow characteristic model may be constructed not by multiple regression analysis but by machine learning such as a neural network, a decision tree, or genetic programming.

  In the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which all processing of the air amount control program 310 is executed by the single computer 200 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the air amount control program A distributed system that executes the same processing as 310 in a distributed manner by a plurality of devices (computers) may be used.

  An air amount control device, an air amount control method, and an air flow rate characteristic model of a gasification melting furnace plant according to the present invention include an air amount control device and an air amount control method for controlling a combustion air supply amount in a gasification melting furnace plant. Moreover, it is useful as an air flow rate characteristic model used for these.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Gasification melting furnace plant 15 Gasification melting furnace 20 Gasification furnace 24 Flow path 25 Primary air supply port 26 Secondary blower 27 Duct 28 Oxygen enrichment device 29, 34, 35b, 38b Air control valve 30 Melting furnace 31 Primary combustion Chamber 32 Secondary Combustion Chamber 33 Secondary Air Supply Port 35 Melting Furnace Auxiliary Burner 35a Air Supply Port 36 Throttle 38 Ejector Ejector 38a Air Supply Port 74 Discharge Thermometer 75 Discharge Pressure Gauge 76 Primary Air Flow Meter 77 Oxygen Flow Meter 78 Auxiliary burner air flow meter 79 Secondary air flow meter 80 Ejector air flow meter 100 Air volume control device 200 Computer 301 CPU
310 Air Volume Control Program 311, 312 Air Flow Characteristics Model 320 Results Database

Claims (19)

Gasification in which waste is incinerated and a plurality of air supply ports are provided in a gasification melting furnace for melting ash generated by incineration, and air is supplied from a common air supply device to each of the plurality of air supply ports An air amount control device for a melting furnace plant,
Measurement value acquisition means for acquiring a target measurement value that is a measurement value of the air flow rate at the air supply port to be controlled and a non-target measurement value that is a measurement value of the air flow rate at the air supply port of the non-control target;
Target value setting means for setting a target target value that is a target value of the air flow rate of the control target;
Based on the target measurement value and the non-target measurement value acquired by the measurement value acquisition unit and the target target value set by the target value setting unit, an air flow rate at the air supply port of the control target is adjusted. And an operation amount determining means for determining an operation amount of an air control valve connected to the air supply port.
Air quantity control device for gasification melting furnace plant. The target value setting means is configured to further set a non-target target value that is a target value of the non-control target air flow rate,
The manipulated variable determining means is configured to determine the manipulated variable based further on the non-target target value set by the target value setting means.
The air quantity control apparatus of the gasification melting furnace plant of Claim 1. The measurement value acquisition means acquires a primary air flow rate measurement value of a melting furnace included in the gasification melting furnace as the target measurement value, and acquires a secondary air flow rate measurement value of the melting furnace as the non-target measurement value Configured to
The target value setting means is configured to set a primary air flow rate target value of the melting furnace as the target target value,
The operation amount determination means is configured to determine an operation amount of the air control valve connected to a primary air supply port of the melting furnace.
The air quantity control apparatus of the gasification melting furnace plant of Claim 1 or 2. The measurement value acquisition means acquires a secondary air flow rate measurement value of a melting furnace included in the gasification melting furnace as the target measurement value, and acquires a primary air flow rate measurement value of the melting furnace as the non-target measurement value Configured to
The target value setting means is configured to set a secondary air flow rate target value of the melting furnace as the target target value,
The operation amount determination means is configured to determine an operation amount of the air control valve connected to a secondary air supply port of the melting furnace.
The air quantity control apparatus of the gasification melting furnace plant of Claim 1 or 2. The measured value acquisition means includes a measured value of air supply to a gasification furnace burner included in the gasification melting furnace, a measured value of air supply to a melting furnace start burner provided in the melting furnace, The measured value of the air supply to the melting furnace auxiliary burner provided, the measured value of the air supply to the output ejector for discharging the molten slag from the melting furnace, and the measured value of the oxygen flow rate mixed with the primary air Configured to further obtain at least one as said non-target measurement,
The air quantity control apparatus of the gasification melting furnace plant of Claim 3 or 4. Based on the actual values of the air flow rates of the control target and the non-control target, and the actual values of the operation amount of the air control valve, the air based on the target measurement value, the non-target measurement value, and the target target value. A model construction means for constructing an air flow characteristic model for determining the operation amount of the control valve;
The manipulated variable determining means is configured to determine the manipulated variable by applying the target measured value, the non-target measured value, and the target target value to the air flow rate characteristic model constructed by the model constructing means. ing,
The air quantity control apparatus of the gasification melting furnace plant in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 5. The model construction means is a first target air flow rate actual value which is a past actual value of the control target air flow rate and a past actual value of the non-control target air flow rate at the first time point. The second non-target air flow rate actual value and the operation amount actual value at the first time point in the air control valve are explanatory variables, and the second time point after a predetermined time has elapsed from the first time point of the control target air flow rate. The air flow characteristic model is constructed by multiple regression analysis using the second target air flow rate actual value, which is the actual value at, as an objective variable,
The manipulated variable determination means includes the first target air flow rate actual value in the air flow characteristic model as the target measurement value, the second target air amount actual value as the target target value, and the non-target air flow rate actual value. Is replaced with the non-target measurement value to determine the manipulated variable,
The air quantity control apparatus of the gasification melting furnace plant of Claim 6. The model construction means uses the actual value at the first time point of the primary air flow rate of the melting furnace included in the gasification melting furnace as the first actual air flow rate actual value, and at the second time point of the primary air flow rate. The actual value of the second target air amount actual value, the actual value at the first time point of the secondary air flow rate of the melting furnace as the non-target air flow actual value, and the primary air supply port of the melting furnace The air flow characteristic model is constructed by setting the actual value at the first time point of the operation amount of the connected air control valve as the actual operation amount value,
The measurement value acquisition means is configured to acquire a primary air flow rate measurement value of the melting furnace as the target measurement value, and to acquire a secondary air flow rate measurement value of the melting furnace as the non-target measurement value,
The target value setting means is configured to set a primary air flow rate target value of the melting furnace as the target target value,
The operation amount determination means is configured to determine the operation amount of the air control valve by applying the target measurement value, the non-target measurement value, and the target target value to the air flow characteristic model.
The air quantity control apparatus of the gasification melting furnace plant of Claim 7. The model construction means includes the square of the actual value at the first time point of the operation amount of the air control valve, the time change rate of the actual value of the operation amount of the air control valve, and the time change of the actual value of the primary air flow rate. The air flow characteristic model is constructed based on at least one of a product of a rate and a time change rate of the actual value of the operation amount of the air control valve and a time change rate of the actual value of the primary air flow rate. Configured to,
The air quantity control apparatus of the gasification melting furnace plant of Claim 8. The model construction means includes an actual value of an air supply amount to a gasification furnace burner included in the gasification melting furnace, an actual value of an air supply amount to a melting furnace start burner provided in the melting furnace, the melting furnace The actual value of the air supply amount to the melting furnace auxiliary burner provided in the above, the actual value of the air supply amount to the output ejector for discharging the molten slag from the melting furnace, and the oxygen flow rate mixed with the primary air Is further configured to build the air flow characteristic model based on at least one of the actual values of
The measurement value acquisition means includes an air supply amount measurement value to the gasification furnace burner, an air supply amount measurement value to the melting furnace start burner, an air supply amount measurement value to the melting furnace auxiliary burner, and the output ejector. At least one of an air supply measurement value and an oxygen flow measurement value mixed with the primary air is further acquired as the non-target measurement value,
The air quantity control apparatus of the gasification melting furnace plant of Claim 8 or 9. The model construction means is configured to construct the air flow characteristic model further based on whether or not the actual value of the primary air flow rate has increased with time.
The air quantity control apparatus of the gasification melting furnace plant in any one of Claims 8 thru | or 10. The model construction means sets the actual value at the first time point of the secondary air flow rate of the melting furnace included in the gasification melting furnace as the first target air flow rate actual value, and the second air flow rate second value. The actual value at the time is the second actual air amount actual value, the actual value at the first time of the primary air flow rate of the melting furnace is the non-target air flow actual value, and the secondary air supply of the melting furnace The actual value at the first time point of the operation amount of the air control valve connected to the mouth is used as the operation amount actual value, and the air flow characteristic model is constructed.
The measurement value acquisition means is configured to acquire a secondary air flow rate measurement value of the melting furnace as the target measurement value, and to acquire a primary air flow rate measurement value of the melting furnace as the non-target measurement value,
The target value setting means is configured to set a secondary air flow rate target value of the melting furnace as the target target value,
The operation amount determination means is configured to determine the operation amount of the air control valve by applying the target measurement value, the non-target measurement value, and the target target value to the air flow characteristic model.
The air quantity control apparatus of the gasification melting furnace plant of Claim 7. The model construction means includes the square root of the actual value of the operation amount of the air control valve at the first time point, the time change rate of the actual value of the operation amount of the air control valve, and the time of the actual value of the secondary air flow rate. The air flow characteristic model is constructed based on at least one of a change rate and a product of a time change rate of the actual value of the operation amount of the air control valve and a time change rate of the actual value of the secondary air flow rate. Is configured to
The air quantity control apparatus of the gasification melting furnace plant of Claim 12. The model construction means includes an actual value of an air supply amount to a gasification furnace burner included in the gasification melting furnace, an actual value of an air supply amount to a melting furnace start burner provided in the melting furnace, the melting furnace The actual value of the air supply amount to the melting furnace auxiliary burner provided in the above, the actual value of the air supply amount to the output ejector for discharging the molten slag from the melting furnace, and the oxygen flow rate mixed with the primary air Is further configured to build the air flow characteristic model based on at least one of the actual values of
The measurement value acquisition means includes an air supply amount measurement value to the gasification furnace burner, an air supply amount measurement value to the melting furnace start burner, an air supply amount measurement value to the melting furnace auxiliary burner, and the output ejector. At least one of an air supply measurement value and an oxygen flow measurement value mixed with the primary air is further acquired as the non-target measurement value,
The air quantity control apparatus of the gasification melting furnace plant of Claim 12 or 13. The model construction means is configured to construct the air flow characteristic model based further on whether or not the actual value of the secondary air flow rate has increased with time.
The air quantity control apparatus of the gasification melting furnace plant in any one of Claims 12 thru | or 14. The model construction means is configured to construct the air flow characteristic model in which a plurality of linear models are combined.
The air quantity control apparatus of the gasification melting furnace plant in any one of Claims 7 thru | or 15. The manipulated variable determining means converts the air flow characteristic model, which is a multiple regression equation constructed by the model constructing means, into a formula, using the manipulated variable actual value as an objective variable, and calculating the second target air flow actual value as the target variable. An operation amount determination formula as an explanatory variable is derived, and the operation amount is determined using the operation amount determination formula.
The air quantity control apparatus of the gasification melting furnace plant in any one of Claims 7 thru | or 16. Gasification in which waste is incinerated and a plurality of air supply ports are provided in a gasification melting furnace for melting ash generated by incineration, and air is supplied from a common air supply device to each of the plurality of air supply ports An air amount control method for a melting furnace plant, comprising:
Obtaining a target measurement value that is a measurement value of an air flow rate at a controlled air supply port and a non-target measurement value that is a measurement value of an air flow rate at a non-control target air supply port;
Setting a target target value that is a target value of the air flow rate of the control target;
Air connected to the air supply port for adjusting the air flow rate at the air supply port to be controlled based on the acquired target measurement value and the non-target measurement value and the set target target value. Determining the operating amount of the control valve;
An air amount control method for a gasification melting furnace plant. Gasification in which waste is incinerated and a plurality of air supply ports are provided in a gasification melting furnace for melting ash generated by incineration, and air is supplied from a common air supply device to each of the plurality of air supply ports An air flow characteristic model of an air control valve connected to the air supply port in order to adjust an air flow rate at an air supply port to be controlled in a melting furnace plant,
The first target air flow rate actual value which is the past actual value of the air flow rate at the control target air supply port, and the actual value of the air flow rate at the non-control target air supply port at the first time point. Each of the actual non-target air flow rate value and the actual operation amount value at the first time point in the air control valve is used as an explanatory variable, and the second after a predetermined time has elapsed from the first time point of the air flow rate to be controlled. The second target air flow rate actual value, which is the actual value at the time, was derived as a target variable by multiple regression analysis.
Air flow characteristic model.

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