JP2018134797A - Powder sintered laminated molding apparatus and powder sintered laminated molding method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a powder sintered laminated molding apparatus and a powder sintered laminated molding method for reducing a thickness of a buffer layer of a powder material formed on a shaping table before starting production of a shaped object.SOLUTION: It has a shaping table 11, a heat insulating member 15 which is disposed on the shaping table 11 and has a flat top surface and has a heat insulating property, and a heating means 130, 140 for heating a layer of a powder material 70 formed on the heat insulating member 15.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a powder sintered additive manufacturing apparatus and a powder sintered additive manufacturing method.

  In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for modeling apparatuses for modeling prototype parts for functional tests and parts used in a small variety of products.

  Examples of such a modeling apparatus include an optical modeling apparatus and a powder sintering layered modeling apparatus. Among these modeling apparatuses, for example, in a powder sintering additive manufacturing apparatus, a thin layer of a powder material is formed on a modeling table, and a specific region of the thin layer of the powder material is irradiated with laser light to generate a powder. The material is melted and solidified to repeatedly form a solidified layer in a specific region of the thin layer of the powder material, thereby laminating the solidified layer to produce a three-dimensional structure.

  In the modeling method using the powder sintering additive manufacturing apparatus, a thin layer of the powder material is preheated by a heater, and the temperature of the thin layer is raised to a temperature close to the melting point of the powder material, and then a model is manufactured. To start.

  This is because, without preheating the thin layer of the powder material, when the production of the model is suddenly started, the temperature difference between the region receiving the laser light in the thin layer of the powder material and the surrounding region increases. This is because warpage occurs in the solidified layer formed by laser light irradiation, and consequently, the modeled object.

  Patent Document 1 proposes to preheat a thin layer of powder material by installing an infrared heater as a heat source above the periphery of the modeling region.

JP 2007-223192 A

  By the way, in order to prevent the thin layer of the powder material from adhering to the modeling table, a thin buffer layer composed of a thin layer of the powder material is interposed between the modeling table and the thin layer of the powder material for forming the modeled object. I am letting.

  Since there is a gap between the powder materials, the thin layer of the powder material has a certain degree of heat insulation. For this reason, the buffer layer for preventing sticking described above is also used as a buffer layer for heat insulation.

  However, since the modeling table is formed of a highly rigid metal, for example, a metal such as aluminum, so that a large model can be produced thereon, the modeling table has high thermal conductivity.

  For this reason, the thickness of the buffer layer for preventing sticking is insufficient for heat insulation, and even if a thin layer of a powder material for molding is preheated together with the buffer layer, the heat of the thin layer of the powder material is used for modeling. There is a case where the thin layer of the powder material does not reach a temperature suitable for initiating the production of the modeled object by escaping around the modeling apparatus through the table.

  Therefore, a heat insulating buffer layer that also serves to prevent sticking is formed to be considerably thick.

  However, with such a thick buffer layer, it takes a lot of time to start production of a shaped object. In addition, since the powder material of the buffer layer is not used for manufacturing a modeled object, such a thick buffer layer also requires extra cost for manufacturing the modeled object.

  From the above, in the powder sintering additive manufacturing apparatus and the powder sintering additive manufacturing method, the object is to reduce the thickness of the buffer layer of the powder material that is formed on the modeling table before starting the production of the object. To do.

  According to one aspect of the disclosed technology, a modeling table, a heat insulating member disposed on the modeling table and having a heat insulating property with a flat upper surface, and a layer of a powder material formed on the heat insulating member There is provided a powder sintered additive manufacturing apparatus having a heating means for heating the powder.

  According to another aspect of the disclosed technology, a step of forming a powder material layer on a heat insulating member disposed on a modeling table, and heating the powder material layer, the powder There is provided a powder sintering additive manufacturing method comprising a step of raising the temperature of the powder material to a temperature lower than the melting point of the material.

  According to the disclosed technology, since the heat insulating member is arranged on the modeling table, when the powder material layer is formed on the heat insulating member and the powder material layer is heated by the heating means, the powder material It is possible to suppress heat from being taken away through the modeling table.

  Thereby, the thickness of the buffer layer of the powder material formed on the modeling table can be reduced before the production of the modeled object is started.

  For this reason, the time required to form the buffer layer can be shortened, and as a result, the time required to start the production of the shaped object can be shortened. Furthermore, the amount of the powder material used to form the buffer layer can be reduced, and as a result, the cost required for producing the shaped article can be reduced.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a configuration of a powder sintering additive manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.2 (a) is a top view which shows the structure of a molded article preparation part, a laser beam emission part, an upper heating part, and a side part heating part, FIG.2 (b) is II of Fig.2 (a). It is sectional drawing in a line. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the structure of the modeling table. FIG. 4A is a perspective view showing the structure of the heat insulating member of the first embodiment, FIG. 4B is a bottom view showing the structure, and FIG. 4C is FIG. It is sectional drawing in the II-II line | wire of a) and (b). Fig.5 (a) is a top view which shows the state of the preparation container before a heat insulation member is arrange | positioned, FIG.5 (b) is sectional drawing in the III-III line of Fig.5 (a). Fig.6 (a) is a top view which shows the state of the production container after the heat insulation member of 1st Embodiment is arrange | positioned, FIG.6 (b) is in the IV-IV line of Fig.6 (a). It is sectional drawing. FIG. 7 is a view (No. 1) illustrating a method of forming a buffer layer of a powder material and preheating the buffer layer in the modeling apparatus according to the embodiment. FIG. 8 is a diagram (part 2) illustrating a method of forming a buffer layer of a powder material and preheating the buffer layer in the modeling apparatus according to the embodiment. FIG. 9 is a diagram (No. 1) illustrating a method for producing a modeled object in the modeling apparatus according to the embodiment. Drawing 10 is a figure (the 2) showing the method of producing a modeling thing in a modeling device concerning an embodiment. Drawing 11 is a figure (the 3) showing a method of producing a modeling thing in a modeling apparatus concerning an embodiment. FIG. 12 is a diagram (No. 4) illustrating a method for producing a modeled object in the modeling apparatus according to the embodiment. FIG. 13 is a diagram (No. 5) illustrating a method for producing a modeled object in the modeling apparatus according to the embodiment. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration in a production container in a powder sintering additive manufacturing apparatus according to a comparative example. FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing the structure of the spacer. 16 (a) is a perspective view showing the structure of the heat insulating member of the first modification, FIG. 16 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VV of FIG. 16 (a), and FIG. c) It is sectional drawing in the VI-VI line of Fig.16 (a). FIG. 17A is a perspective view showing the structure of the heat insulating member of the second modified example, and FIG. 17B is a cross-sectional view taken along line VII-VII in FIG. FIG. 18A is a perspective view showing the structure of the heat insulating member of the third modified example, FIG. 18B is a bottom view showing the structure, and FIG. 18C is FIG. It is sectional drawing in the VIII-VIII line of a), (b). FIG. 19A is a top view showing a state of the production container after the heat insulating member of the third modified example is arranged, and FIG. 19B is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX in FIG. It is sectional drawing. FIG. 20A is a perspective view showing the structure of the heat insulating member of the fourth modification, FIG. 20B is a bottom view showing the structure, and FIG. 20C is FIG. It is sectional drawing in the XX of a), (b). FIG. 21A is a top view showing a state of the production container after the heat insulating member of the fourth modified example is arranged, and FIG. 21B is a cross-sectional view taken along line XI-XI in FIG. It is sectional drawing. FIG. 22A is a perspective view showing the structure of the heat insulating plate of the first example in the second embodiment, FIG. 22B is a bottom view showing the structure, and FIG. FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XII-XII in FIGS. FIG. 23 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating a structure for fixing the heat insulating member in the heat insulating plate of the first example to the base plate. FIG. 24 is a perspective view showing the structure of the base plate of the first example. FIG. 25 (a) is a perspective view showing the structure of the heat insulating member of the first example, FIG. 25 (b) is a bottom view showing the structure, and FIG. 25 (c) is FIG. 25 (a). It is sectional drawing in the XIII-XIII line | wire of (b). Fig.26 (a) is a top view which shows the structure of the heat insulation member of the 1st example in the state where the lid | cover was removed, FIG.26 (b) is a perspective view which shows the structure. FIG. 27A is a perspective view showing the structure of the lid when the upper surface of the lid of the first example is viewed from an oblique direction, and FIG. 27B is an oblique view of the lower surface of the lid of the first example. FIG. 27C is a perspective view showing the structure of the lid when viewed from the side, and FIG. 27C is a side view showing the structure of the lid of the first example. Fig.28 (a) is a top view which shows the state of the production container after the heat insulation board of a 1st example is arrange | positioned, FIG.28 (b) is sectional drawing in the XIV-XIV line | wire of Fig.28 (a). It is. FIG. 29A is a perspective view showing the configuration of the heat insulating plate of the second example in the second embodiment, FIG. 29B is a bottom view showing the configuration, and FIG. FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XV-XV in FIGS. FIG. 30 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating a structure for fixing the heat insulating member in the heat insulating plate of the second example to the base plate. FIG. 31 is a perspective view showing the structure of the base plate of the second example. FIG. 32A is a perspective view showing the structure of the heat insulating member of the second example, FIG. 32B is a bottom view showing the structure, and FIG. 32C is FIG. 32A. It is sectional drawing in the XVI-XVI line | wire of (b). Fig.33 (a) is a top view which shows the structure of the heat insulation member of the 2nd example in the state from which the cover was removed, and FIG.33 (b) is a perspective view which shows the structure. FIG. 34 (a) is a perspective view showing the structure of the lid when the upper surface of the lid of the second example is viewed from an oblique direction, and FIG. 34 (b) is an oblique view of the lower surface of the lid of the second example. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of this cover when it sees from, FIG.34 (c) is a side view which shows the structure of the cover of a 2nd example. FIG. 35A is a top view showing a state of the production container after the heat insulation plate of the second example is arranged, and FIG. 35B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XVII-XVII in FIG. It is. FIG. 36 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating another example (No. 1) of the structure for fixing the heat insulating member to the base plate. FIG. 37 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating another example (No. 2) of the structure for fixing the heat insulating member to the base plate.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a configuration of a powder sintering additive manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a powder sintering additive manufacturing apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a chamber 101, a molded article preparation unit 110 provided in the chamber 101, a laser beam emitting unit 120, and an upper heating. And a temperature detection unit 160 and a control unit 170 provided outside the chamber 101.

  Although not shown in FIG. 1, the modeling apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment further includes a side heating unit provided in the modeled object preparation unit 110.

  Among the configurations of the modeling apparatus 100, first, configurations of a modeled object preparation unit 110, a laser beam emitting unit 120, an upper heating unit 130, and a side heating unit provided in the chamber 101 will be described.

  FIG. 2A is a top view illustrating the configuration of the modeled object preparation unit 110, the laser beam emitting unit 120, the upper heating unit 130, and the side heating unit 140, and FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating FIG. It is sectional drawing in the II line | wire.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the modeled object preparing unit 110 includes a manufacturing container 10 that manufactures a modeled object, storage containers 20 and 30 that are arranged on both sides of the manufacturing container 10 and store the powder material 70, And a recoater 40 for transporting the powder material 70 in 30 to the production container 10.

  Of the modeled product preparation unit 110, the preparation container 10 is a container having an upper surface and a lower surface opened, and the modeling table 11 is disposed therein. On the lower surface of the modeling table 11, a support rod 12 that extends through the lower opening of the production container 10 is attached. The support bar 12 is connected to a driver (not shown), and the modeling table 11 can be moved up and down in the production container 10 by driving the driver.

  On the other hand, a heat insulating member 15 is disposed on the upper surface of the modeling table 11.

  Here, the structure of the modeling table 11 and the heat insulating member 15 will be described.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the structure of the modeling table 11. 4A is a perspective view showing the structure of the heat insulating member 15, and FIG. 4B is a bottom view showing the structure. Furthermore, FIG.4 (c) is sectional drawing in the II-II line | wire of Fig.4 (a), (b).

  The modeling table 11 is a plate-shaped member as shown in FIG. 3, and the size thereof is, for example, a length L of 560 mm, a width W of 560 mm, and a thickness T of 12.5 mm. This modeling table 11 is formed of a highly rigid metal such as aluminum.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the heat insulating member 15 is a trapezoidal member having a flat upper surface 15 a and a cavity 15 b in the lower portion. The size of the heat insulating member 15 is not particularly limited. l is 274 mm, width w is 274 mm, and thickness t is 10 mm. That is, in this example, the area (length l × width w) of the upper surface 15 a of the heat insulating member 15 is about ¼ of the area (length L × width W) of the upper surface of the modeling table 11.

  The heat insulating member 15 is formed of a material having a relatively low thermal conductivity and a heat insulating property. As the material having such heat insulation properties, for example, resins such as polypropylene, polyamide (nylon), and polyphenylene sulfide are used.

  Moreover, the material of the heat insulating member 15 is also the same material as the powder material 70 used in the production of the modeled object. That is, when the powder material 70 used in the production of the model is polypropylene, the material of the heat insulating member 15 is also polypropylene, and when the powder material 70 is polyamide, the heat insulating member 15 is also polyamide. Further, when the powder material 70 is polyphenylene sulfide, the heat insulating member 15 is also polyphenylene sulfide.

  It is also possible to form the heat insulating member 15 by a material different from the powder material 70 used for manufacturing the modeled object, for example, a material having a higher melting point than the powder material 70 used for manufacturing the modeled object. However, in order to avoid impurities due to the heat insulating member 15 from being mixed into the powder material 70 in the preparation container 10, the heat insulating member 15 is formed of the same material as the powder material 70 used in the production of the modeled object. It is preferable to do.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 4B and 4C, the base-like heat insulating member 15 having the cavity 15b in the lower portion includes a top plate 15c and a side plate 15d as a main body, and a plurality of members for reinforcing the main body. The main reinforcing plate 15e and the auxiliary reinforcing plate 15f. The cavity 15b of the heat insulating member 15 is formed by being surrounded by the upper plate 15c and the side plate 15d. The main reinforcing plate 15e is arranged so as to divide the cavity 15b into a lattice shape. The auxiliary reinforcing plate 15f is arranged so as to cross the main reinforcing plate 15e obliquely.

  Of the main body of the heat insulating member 15, for example, the thickness ta of the upper plate 15c is 3 mm, and the thickness tb of the side plate 15d is 7 mm. Further, the thickness tc of the main reinforcing plate 15e is 7 mm, which is the same as the thickness tb of the side plate 15d. That is, the lower end surface of the main reinforcing plate 15e has the same height as the lower end surface of the side plate 15d. On the other hand, the thickness td of the auxiliary reinforcing plate 15f is smaller than the thickness tb of the side plate 15d, for example, 3 mm. That is, the lower end surface of the auxiliary reinforcing plate 15f is higher than the lower end surface of the side plate 15d.

  A plurality of the heat insulating members 15 having such a structure are arranged on the modeling table 11.

  Fig.5 (a) is a top view which shows the state of the preparation container 10 before the heat insulation member 15 is arrange | positioned, FIG.5 (b) is sectional drawing in the III-III line of Fig.5 (a). . Moreover, Fig.6 (a) is a top view which shows the state of the preparation container 10 after the heat insulation member 15 has been arrange | positioned, FIG.6 (b) is sectional drawing in the IV-IV line of Fig.6 (a). It is.

  In the production container 10, the modeling table 11 is lowered before the heat insulating member 15 is arranged, and the upper surface of the modeling table 11 is lower than the upper opening surface of the production container 10 as shown in FIG. 5. It is in a state.

  For the production container 10 in such a state, as shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of heat insulating members 15 (four in FIG. 6) are arranged on the modeling table 11 with a little clearance, and for modeling. The entire upper surface of the table 11 is covered with the heat insulating member 15.

  At this time, the lower end face of the side plate 15d of the main body of the heat insulating member 15 is in contact with the upper surface of the modeling table 11, and a space is formed between the main body of the heat insulating member 15 and the modeling table 11 by the cavity 15b. .

  For example, when the atmosphere in the chamber (see FIG. 1) 101 is atmospheric pressure, this space contains air. Thereby, the heat insulation of the heat insulation member 15 can be made higher. In addition, when the inside of the chamber 101 is depressurized by an unillustrated exhaust device, this space also includes a depressurized atmosphere. Also by this, the heat insulation of the heat insulation member 15 can be made higher.

  Further, when the lower end surface of the main reinforcing plate 15e is in contact with the upper surface of the modeling table 11, the main reinforcing plate 15e serves as a support member that supports the upper plate 11c of the main body. For this reason, the intensity | strength of the main body of the heat insulation member 15 with respect to the weight of a molded article can be made higher.

  In the present embodiment, the structure of the heat insulating member 15 is limited to the structure shown in FIG. 4 as long as it forms a space with the modeling table 11 and can withstand the weight of the modeled object to be manufactured. It is not something. For example, the main reinforcing plate 15e may be arranged in a shape other than the lattice shape. Further, the structure of the heat insulating member 15 may not include the auxiliary reinforcing plate 15f for reinforcing the main body, or may not include both the auxiliary reinforcing plate 15 and the main reinforcing plate 15e.

  In this embodiment, when four heat insulating members 15 are arranged without providing a gap, the sum of the areas of the upper surfaces 15 a of the four heat insulating members 15 is smaller than the area of the upper surface of the modeling table 11. It is trying to become. This is because the linear expansion coefficient of the resin, which is the material of the heat insulating member 15, is larger than the linear expansion coefficient of aluminum, which is the material of the modeling table 11, so that the heat insulating member 15 and the modeling table 11 are insulated when heated. This is because the thermal expansion amount of the member 15 is larger than the thermal expansion amount of the modeling table 11. Further, when taking out the heat insulating member 15 arranged so as to cover almost the entire upper surface of the modeling table 11, it is also easy to take out.

  In consideration of these matters, in the present embodiment, for example, the sum of the areas of the upper surfaces 15a of the four heat insulating members 15 is a modeling table at a temperature suitable for starting production of a modeled object to be described later. 11, the upper surface 15 a of each heat insulating member 15 is set to the above-described size, that is, the length l is set to 274 mm and the width w is set to 274 mm.

  Returning to FIG. 2, the configuration of the modeled object preparation unit 110 will be described again.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the storage containers 20, 30 of the molded article preparation unit 110 are containers whose upper and lower surfaces are open, and supply tables 21, 31 are disposed therein. Support bars 22 and 32 that extend through the lower openings of the storage containers 20 and 30 are attached to the lower surfaces of the supply tables 21 and 31. The support rods 22 and 32 are connected to a driver (not shown), and the supply tables 21 and 31 can be moved up and down in the storage containers 20 and 30 by driving the driver.

  Further, the recoater 40 is an elongated plate-like member, and is disposed on one of the storage containers 20, 30, for example, the edge of the upper surface of the left storage container 20 in FIG. 2. The recoater 40 can be moved left and right on the top surfaces of the storage container 20, the preparation container 10, and the right storage container 30 by driving a driver (not shown).

  A driver for driving the support bar 12 in the production container 10, a driver for driving the support bars 22 and 32 in the storage containers 20 and 30, and a driver for driving the recoater 40 are each controlled by a control signal from the control unit 170. The

  Next, the configuration of the laser beam emitting unit 120, the upper heating unit 130, and the side heating unit 140 will be described.

  The laser beam emitting unit 120 is a device that emits a laser beam to the powder material 70 in the production container 10 and scans it, and is installed above the upper opening of the production container 10 as shown in FIG. Yes.

  Although not shown, the laser beam emitting unit 120 includes a light source that emits laser beam as an energy beam, a mirror that scans the laser beam by changing the emission angle of the laser beam, and a powder that changes the focal length of the laser beam. A lens for matching the surface of the material 70, a mirror and a driver for driving the lens are provided. Among these, the light source and the driver are controlled by a control signal from the control unit 170.

  In the modeling apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, laser light is used as the energy beam, but the energy beam is not limited to laser light. For example, an electron beam may be employed as the energy beam.

  The upper heating unit 130 is a device that heats the powder material 70 from above, and is installed above the upper opening of the manufacturing container 10 and below the laser beam emitting unit 120 as shown in FIG. ing. The upper heating unit 130 is composed of a plurality of elongated rod-shaped heaters 131 to 134, and each of the heaters 131 to 134 is in the vicinity of each side of the upper opening of the production container 10 as shown in FIG. It is arranged in parallel with each side. Each of the heaters 131 to 134 is an infrared heater or a resistance heater, and is controlled by a control signal from the control unit 170. These heaters 131 to 134 are examples of heating means.

  And the side part heating part 140 is an apparatus which heats the powder material 70 from the circumference | surroundings, and is attached to all the side surfaces of the production container 10 as shown in FIG. Further, the side heating unit 140 includes plate-like resistance heating type heaters 141 to 144, and the heaters 141 to 144 are respectively arranged on the upper portions of the side surfaces of the production container 10. These heaters 141 to 144 are also controlled by a control signal from the controller 170. These heaters 141 to 144 are also examples of heating means.

  Although not shown, the modeling apparatus 100 according to this embodiment includes a storage container in addition to the upper heating unit 130 and the side heating unit 140 for the production container 10 that heats the powder material 70 in the production container 10. An upper heating part and a side heating part for the storage containers 20 and 30 for heating the powder material 70 in the 20, 30 are also provided. The upper heating parts for the storage containers 20 and 30 are installed above the openings on the upper side of the storage containers 20 and 30, respectively, and the side heating parts are attached to all the side surfaces of the storage containers 20 and 30, respectively. The upper heating section for the storage containers 20 and 30 is composed of a plurality of elongated rod-shaped heaters, and the side heating section is composed of a plate-shaped heater. These heaters are also controlled by a control signal from the control unit 170.

  Next, of the configuration of the modeling apparatus 100, the temperature detection unit 160 and the control unit 170 provided outside the chamber 101 will be described.

  The temperature detector 160 is a device that detects the surface temperature of the powder material 70 in the preparation container 10 by infrared rays, and is installed in the vicinity of the window 102 provided on the wall of the chamber 101 as shown in FIG. The temperature detection unit 160 transmits the detected temperature data to the control unit 170.

  Moreover, the control part 170 controls operation | movement of the various apparatuses which comprise the modeling apparatus 100, for example, with respect to the modeling object preparation part 110, raising / lowering of the modeling table 11 and the supply tables 21 and 31 are carried out. The movement of the recoater 40 is controlled, the output of the light source and the adjustment of the mirror and the lens are controlled for the laser light emitting unit 120, and the upper heating unit 130 and the side heating unit 140 for the production container 10 are controlled. On the other hand, the output of each heater 131-134, 141-144 is controlled.

  Hereinafter, the powder sintering lamination molding method performed in the modeling apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment configured as described above will be described.

  First, the formation of the buffer layer of the powder material 70 and the method for preheating the buffer layer 70 before starting the production of the model will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As an initial state of the modeling apparatus 100, as shown in FIG. 2, in the storage containers 20 and 30, the supply tables 21 and 31 are lowered to supply a sufficient amount of the powder material 70 to produce a modeled object. It is assumed that Further, it is assumed that the heaters of the upper heating unit and the side heating unit for the storage containers 20 and 30 are turned on.

  Further, in the production container 10, a plurality of heat insulating members 15 formed of the same material as the powder material 70 used in the production of the modeled object are prepared. As shown in FIG. It shall be placed on top of. Furthermore, the modeling table 11 is raised or lowered, and the upper surface of the heat insulating member 15 is assumed to be the same height as the upper surface of the production container 10.

  Furthermore, it is assumed that the recoater 40 is disposed at the edge on the opposite side of the production container 10 among the edges of the upper surface of the left storage container 20.

  When the modeling apparatus 100 is in such an initial state, the control unit 170 raises the supply table 21 in the storage container 20 to cause the powder material 70 to protrude from the upper opening. Further, in the production container 10, the modeling table 11 is lowered by a thickness of a thin layer of the powder material 70 (for example, 0.1 mm), and the supply table 31 is lowered in the storage container 30. The descending amount of the supply table 31 is set to an amount that can sufficiently store the powder material 70 that is not used for forming the thin layer 71 of the powder material 70 described later.

  Next, the control unit 170 moves the recoater 40 to the right side. As a result, the powder material 70 protruding from the upper opening of the storage container 20 is scraped off, transported to the production container 10, and supplied into the production container 10 from the upper opening. In this way, as shown in FIG. 7A, a thin layer 71 of the first layer of powder material 70 is formed on the heat insulating member 15. Further, the powder material 70 remaining without being used for forming the thin layer 71 of the powder material 70 in the production container 10 is transported to the container 30 by moving the recoater 40 further to the right side. And stored in the storage container 30.

  Next, the control part 170 raises the table 31 for supply in the storage container 30, and makes the powder material 70 protrude from an upper opening. Further, in the production container 10, the modeling table 11 is lowered by the thickness of one thin layer of the powder material 70, and the supply table 21 is lowered in the storage container 20. The descending amount of the supply table 21 is set to an amount that can sufficiently store the powder material 70 that is not used for forming the thin layer 72 of the powder material 70 described later.

  Next, the control unit 170 moves the recoater 40 to the left side. As a result, the powder material 70 protruding from the upper opening of the storage container 30 is scraped off, transported to the production container 10, and supplied into the production container 10 from the upper opening. In this way, a thin layer 72 of the second layer powder material 70 is formed on the first thin layer 71 as shown in FIG. 7B. Further, the remaining powder material 70 is moved to the left side by moving the recoater 40 further to the left, and is stored in the storage container 20.

  Thereafter, in the production container 10, the thin layer 73 of the third layer powder material 70 is formed on the second thin layer 72 in the same manner as the formation of the first thin layer 71. In the same manner as the formation of the second thin layer 72, a fourth layer 74 of the powder material 70 is formed on the third thin layer 73.

  In this way, by repeatedly forming a thin layer of the powder material 70 in the production container 10, a plurality of thin layers of the powder material 70 are stacked on the heat insulating member 15 as shown in FIG. The buffer layers 71 to 74 of the powder material 70 (for example, 10 mm) are formed. In FIG. 8, for convenience, a thin layer 71 to 74 of four layers of powder material 70 is shown as a buffer layer of the powder material 70, but a thin layer of powder material 70 constituting the buffer layer. The number is the number of layers according to the thickness of the buffer layer.

  In addition, the control unit 170 turns on the heaters 131 to 134 of the upper heating unit 130 for the production container 10 and the heaters 141 to 144 of the side heating unit 140 simultaneously with the start of the formation of the buffer layers 71 to 74 of the powder material 70. To do. And based on the temperature data detected with the temperature detection part 160, the output of each heater 131-134, 141-144 is controlled, and preparation of a modeling thing is started for the temperature of the powder material 70 in the preparation container 10. The temperature is raised to a temperature suitable for heating (a temperature lower by about 10 ° C. to 15 ° C. than the melting point of the powder material), and this appropriate temperature is maintained.

  By this heating, each heat insulating member 15 is thermally expanded, and the gap between the heat insulating members 15 is narrowed. As a result, there is almost no gap between the heat insulating members 15, or even if a gap remains, the gap is filled with the powder material 70.

  In this way, preheating is performed on the buffer layers 71 to 74 of the powder material 70. Note that the heaters 131 to 134 of the upper heating unit 130 and the heaters 141 to 144 of the side heating unit 140 may be turned on before the formation of the buffer layers 71 to 74 of the powder material 10. .

  At this time, in this embodiment, since the heat insulating member 15 is disposed on the modeling table 11 in the production container 10, it is possible to suppress heat from being removed from the heated powder material 70 via the modeling table 11. be able to.

  Therefore, the buffer layers 71 to 74 of the powder material 70 do not need to be thickly formed using the heat insulating properties of the buffer layers 71 to 74 as described above, and are used for modeling when the molten powder material 70 is solidified. It is sufficient to form it to a thickness that does not stick to the table 11 (for example, 10 mm).

  For this reason, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the buffer layers 71 to 74 of the powder material 70 to be formed before the production of the modeled object is started.

  Thereby, since the frequency | count of forming the thin layer of the powder material 70 decreases, the time required to form the buffer layers 71-74 of the powder material 70 can be shortened, and as a result, production of a shaped object is started. The time required for the process can be shortened.

  In addition, since the amount of the powder material 70 used to form the buffer layers 71 to 74 of the powder material 70, that is, the amount of the powder material 70 that is not used for the production of the modeled object is reduced, the cost required for the production of the modeled object Can also be reduced.

  Next, the formation of the buffer layers 71 to 74 of the powder material 70 and a method for producing a shaped article that is performed after preheating the buffer layers 71 to 74 will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 13.

  First, the control unit 170 also creates the shaped article after preheating the buffer layers 71 to 74 based on the temperature data detected by the temperature detection unit 160, based on the temperature data detected by the temperature detection unit 160. The output of each heater 141-144 of each heater 131-134 and the side part heating part 140 is controlled, and the temperature of the powder material 70 in the preparation container 10 is maintained at the appropriate temperature mentioned above.

  At this time, in this embodiment, since the heat insulating member 15 is arranged on the modeling table 11 in the manufacturing container 10 as described above, the powder material 70 is passed through the modeling table 11 while the modeled object is manufactured. Can suppress the loss of heat.

  Therefore, the heaters 131 to 134 of the upper heating unit 130 and the heaters 141 to 144 of the side heating unit 140, particularly the heaters of the upper heating unit 130, which are necessary to maintain the temperature of the powder material 70 in the production container 10 at an appropriate temperature. The output of 131 to 134 can be suppressed. Further, it is possible to easily control the heaters 131 to 134 of the upper heating unit 130 for maintaining the appropriate temperature.

  Next, the control part 170 raises the supply table 21, for example in the storage container 20, and makes the powder material 70 protrude from an upper opening. Further, in the production container 10, the modeling table 11 is lowered by the thickness of one thin layer of the powder material 70, and the supply table 31 is lowered in the storage container 30.

  Next, the control unit 170 moves the recoater 40 to the right side. As a result, the powder material 70 protruding from the upper opening of the storage container 20 is scraped off, transported to the production container 10, and supplied into the production container 10 from the upper opening. In this way, as shown in FIG. 9, the first layer of powder material 70 is thin on top of the uppermost thin layer 74 of the buffer layers 71 to 74 of the powder material 70. Layer 75 is formed.

  Next, the control unit 170 controls the movement of the mirror and the lens of the laser light emitting unit 120 and the output of the light source based on the slice data (drawing pattern) of the three-dimensional structure to be manufactured. As shown in FIG. 10 (a), a laser beam is emitted to the thin layer 75 of the first layer of powder material 70 and scanned, whereby a powder in a specific region in the first layer 75 of the first layer. Material 70 is melted and solidified. As a result, as shown in FIG. 10B, a first solidified layer 75a is formed in a specific region of the first thin layer 75. Thereafter, the controller 170 stops the emission and scanning of the laser light.

  Next, the control part 170 raises the table 31 for supply in the storage container 30, and makes the powder material 70 protrude from an upper opening. Further, in the production container 10, the modeling table 11 is lowered by the thickness of one thin layer of the powder material 70, and the supply table 21 is lowered in the storage container 20.

  Next, the control unit 170 moves the recoater 40 to the left side. As a result, the powder material 70 protruding from the upper opening of the storage container 30 is scraped off, transported to the production container 10 and supplied into the production container 10 from the upper opening. Thus, as shown in FIG. 11, the thin layer 76 of the second powder material 70 is formed on the thin layer 75 of the powder material 70 on which the first solidified layer 75a is formed. .

  Next, the control unit 170 controls the laser beam emitting unit 120 to emit the laser beam to the thin layer 76 of the powder material 70 of the second layer and scan it as shown in FIG. As a result, the powder material 70 in a specific region in the thin layer 76 of the second layer is melted and solidified. As a result, as shown in FIG. 12B, a second solidified layer 76a is formed in a specific region of the second thin layer 76. Thereafter, the controller 170 stops the emission and scanning of the laser light.

  Thereafter, in the production container 10, in the same manner as the formation of the first thin layer 75 and the solidified layer 57a, the third layer powder material 70 is formed on the second thin layer 76 and the solidified layer 76a. The thin layer 77 and the solidified layer 77a are formed, and the fourth layer is formed on the third thin layer 77 and the solidified layer 77a in the same manner as the formation of the second thin layer 76 and the solidified layer 76a. A thin layer 78 and a solidified layer 78a of the powder material 70 are formed.

  In this way, by repeating the formation of the thin layer of the powder material 70 for forming the molded article in the preparation container 10 and the formation of the solidified layer with this thin layer, as shown in FIG. A plurality of solidified layers are stacked on the layers 71 to 74 to produce three-dimensional structures 75a to 78a.

  After producing the modeling objects 75a to 78a, the modeling table 11 is raised, and the modeling objects 75a to 78a buried in the powder material 70 (the thin layers 71 to 78 of the powder material 70) in the preparation container 10 are taken out. Thereafter, when changing the type of the powder material 70 used in the production of the next modeled object, the powder material 70 remaining in the production container 10 and the storage containers 20 and 30 is collected, and the production container 10 is The heat insulating member 15 on the modeling table 11 is taken out. Note that the heat insulating member 15 taken out can be used repeatedly if there is no problem such as deformation or breakage.

  At this time, in this embodiment, since the heat insulating member 15 is only placed on the modeling table 11, it is removed from the modeling table 11 and further, the modeling table 11 for producing the next modeled object. Easy to place. For this reason, it is easy to exchange the heat insulation member 15 according to the kind of the powder material 70 used by preparation of a molded article.

  In addition, since the heat insulation member 15 of this embodiment is producible with the modeling apparatus 100 mentioned above and its modeling method, it is also easy to prepare beforehand for preparation of a molded article.

  By the way, in this embodiment, the heat insulation member 15 is arrange | positioned on the modeling table 11 as mentioned above. Thereby, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the buffer layers 71 to 74 of the powder material 70 formed on the modeling table 11 by suppressing heat from being taken from the powder material 70 through the modeling table 11. It is possible.

  On the other hand, instead of disposing the heat insulating member 15 on the modeling table 11, for example, a heater may be attached to the lower surface of the modeling table 11 and the modeling table 11 may be heated by the heater. Also by this, it can suppress that heat is taken away from the powder material 70 through the modeling table 11.

  Hereinafter, as a comparative example of the powder sintering additive manufacturing apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, a configuration of a powder sintering additive manufacturing apparatus in which a heater is attached to the lower surface of the forming table 11 will be described.

  The configuration of the powder sintering additive manufacturing apparatus according to this comparative example is basically the same as the configuration of the powder sintering additive manufacturing apparatus 100 according to this embodiment described above. However, the configuration in the production container is different between the comparative example and the present embodiment.

  FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration inside the production container of the comparative example.

  As shown in FIG. 14, the modeling table 11 and the support rod 12 are arranged in the production container 10 a of the comparative example, as in the production container 10 of the present embodiment.

  However, in the preparation container 10a of the comparative example, unlike the structure in the preparation container 10 of the present embodiment, the heat insulating material 15 is not disposed on the modeling table 11. On the other hand, a heater 150 for heating the modeling table 11 is attached to the lower surface of the modeling table 11. Further, a spacer 13 is disposed under the modeling table 11, and a support bar 12 is attached to the lower surface of the spacer 13.

  FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing the structure of the spacer 13.

  As shown in FIG. 15, the spacer 13 is a plate-like member, and, for example, the length L1 is 560 mm, the width W1 is 560 mm, and the thickness T1 is 25 mm. The spacer 13 is formed of a metal having high rigidity, for example, aluminum, like the modeling table 11.

  However, unlike the modeling table 11, the spacer 13 is provided with an opening 13a at the center thereof. As shown in FIG. 14, a heater 150 for heating the modeling table 11 is disposed in the opening 13 a of the spacer 13. Although not shown, wiring for supplying power to the heater 150 is also arranged in the opening 13 a of the spacer 13. That is, the spacer 13 is a member provided for attaching the heater 150 to the modeling table 11.

  In the modeling apparatus according to the comparative example having such a configuration, the buffer layers 71 to 76 of the powder material 70 were directly formed on the modeling table 11. At the same time as the formation of the buffer layers 71 to 76 of the powder material 70 is started, the heaters 131 to 134 of the upper heating unit 130 and the heaters 141 to 144 of the side heating unit 140 for the production container 10 are turned on, and modeling is performed. The heater 150 for heating the work table 11 was turned on, and the buffer layers 71 to 76 were preheated.

  Then, due to the heat insulating properties of the buffer layers 71 to 76 of the powder material 70 itself, the temperature of the powder material 70 reaches a temperature suitable for starting the production of the modeled object, and is further necessary to maintain this appropriate temperature. When the thickness of the buffer layers 71 to 76 was confirmed by experiments, the thickness was 25 mm, which was larger than the thickness (10 mm) of the buffer layers 71 to 74 of the powder material 70 of the present embodiment.

  From this result, since the modeling apparatus 100 which concerns on this embodiment can reduce the frequency | count of forming the thin layer of the powder material 70 rather than the modeling apparatus which concerns on a comparative example, the buffer layers 71-74 of the powder material 70 are reduced. It can be seen that the time required to form can be shortened, and the time required to start the production of the modeled object can be shortened.

  For example, it takes about 30 seconds to form one thin layer of powder material 70 having a thickness of 0.1 mm. For this reason, in the modeling apparatus which concerns on a comparative example, the time required to form the buffer layers 71-76 of the powder material 70 of thickness 25mm is about 7500 seconds. On the other hand, in the modeling apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, the time required to form the buffer layers 71 to 74 of the powder material 70 having a thickness of 10 mm is about 3000 seconds, which is more than that of the modeling apparatus according to the comparative example. It can be seen that the time can be greatly reduced.

  Moreover, since the modeling apparatus 100 which concerns on this embodiment also reduces the quantity of the powder material 70 used to form the buffer layers 71-74 of the powder material 70 rather than the modeling apparatus which concerns on a comparative example, preparation of a molded article It can also be seen that the cost required for this can be reduced.

  The reason why the buffer layers 71 to 76 of the powder material 70 are relatively thick in the modeling apparatus according to the comparative example is that the volume of the modeling table 11 (length L: 560 mm × width W: 560 mm × thickness T: 12.5 mm) is large, and because the space where the heater 150 can be attached is within the opening 13a of the spacer 13, the area of the heater 150 is significantly smaller than the area of the modeling table 11. Thus, it takes a lot of time to raise the temperature of the modeling table 11 with the heater 150 and sufficiently suppress the heat from being taken away from the powder material 70 via the modeling table 11. It can be considered.

  In the modeling apparatus 100 according to this embodiment, the spacer 13 for attaching the heater 150 to the modeling table 11 that is necessary in the modeling apparatus according to the comparative example is not necessary. In the example described above, since the thickness t (10 mm) of the heat insulating member 15 is thinner than the thickness T1 (25 mm) of the spacer 13, the modeling apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment is a production container than the modeling apparatus according to the comparative example. It is possible to increase the size (height) of the space in which the molded object in 10 can be produced.

(Modification Example 1)
In the first embodiment described above, the heat insulating member 15 is a trapezoidal member having a cavity 15b in the lower portion as shown in FIG. 4, and is disposed on the modeling table 11 as shown in FIG. When this occurs, a space including air or a space including a decompressed atmosphere is formed between the cavity 15b and the modeling table 11.

  However, the structure of the heat insulating member is not limited to this.

  For example, as shown in FIGS. 16A to 16C, the heat insulating member 16 of the first modified example is a plate-like member having a flat upper surface 16a and having a cavity 16b therein. The heat insulating member 16 includes an upper plate 16c, a lower plate 16d and a side plate 16e as a main body surrounding the cavity 16b, and a reinforcing plate 16f which is arranged so as to divide the cavity 16b into a lattice shape and supports the main body from the inside.

  As shown in FIGS. 17A and 17B, the heat insulating member 17 of the second modified example is also a plate-like member having a flat upper surface 17a and a cavity 17b therein. The heat insulating member 17 is made of a porous member in which a large number of bubbles are formed as the cavity 17b.

  The heat insulating members 16 and 17 of the first and second modified examples have a low thermal conductivity and a heat insulating material (for example, polypropylene, polyamide, and polyphenylene sulfide), like the heat insulating member 15 of the first embodiment. Resin). In addition, the material of the heat insulation members 16 and 17 is also the same material as the powder material 70 used for production of a modeled object.

  Furthermore, these heat insulating members 16 and 17 are provided with cavities 16 b and 17 b inside, so that a space containing air is formed in the same manner as the heat insulating member 15.

  Accordingly, the heat insulating members 16 and 17 also have high heat insulating properties, like the heat insulating member 15.

  For this reason, in the production container 10, the heat insulating members 16 and 17 of the first or second modified example are also arranged on the modeling table 11, and the heated powder material 70 is passed through the modeling table 11. Can suppress the loss of heat. Thereby, also in the 1st and 2nd modification, the thickness of the buffer layers 71-74 of the powder material 70 formed before starting preparation of a molded article can be made thin.

(Modification 2)
In the first embodiment described above, the area of the upper surface 15a of the heat insulating member 15 is about ¼ of the area of the upper surface of the modeling table 11, but the area of the upper surface of the heat insulating member is exemplified below. It may be smaller than about 1/4 of the area of the upper surface of the modeling table 11 as in the third and fourth modifications.

  FIG. 18A is a perspective view showing a structure of a heat insulating member of a third modification, and FIG. 18B is a bottom view showing the structure. Furthermore, FIG.18 (c) is sectional drawing in the VIII-VIII line of Fig.18 (a), (b).

  As shown in FIGS. 18A to 18C, the heat insulating member 18 of the third modified example has a flat upper surface 18a and a cavity 18b at the lower portion, like the heat insulating member 15 of the first embodiment. It is a trapezoidal member. Furthermore, the heat insulating member 18 includes an upper plate 18c and a side plate 18d as a main body, and a plurality of main reinforcing plates 18e and auxiliary reinforcing plates 18f for reinforcing the main body. The heat insulating member 18 is made of the same material as the heat insulating member 15 (for example, a resin such as polypropylene, polyamide, and polyphenylene sulfide).

  On the other hand, the heat insulating member 18 of the third modified example has a length l of 136 mm and a width w of 136 mm. That is, the area of the upper surface 18a of the heat insulating member 18 is about 1/16 of the area of the upper surface of the modeling table 11, and is smaller than that of the heat insulating member 15 of the first embodiment. The thickness t of the heat insulating member 18 is 10 mm which is the same as that of the heat insulating member 15.

  A plurality of the heat insulating members 18 of the third modified example having such a structure are arranged on the modeling table 11.

  FIG. 19A is a top view showing a state of the production container 10 after the heat insulating member 18 of the third modified example is arranged, and FIG. 19B is IX-IX in FIG. 19A. It is sectional drawing in a line.

  As shown in FIGS. 19A and 19B, 16 heat insulating members 18 are arranged on the modeling table 11 in the production container 10 with a slight gap so that the upper surface of the modeling table 11 is almost the same. The whole is covered with the heat insulating member 18.

  At this time, a space is formed between the main body of the heat insulating member 18 and the upper surface of the modeling table 11 by the cavity 18 b below the heat insulating member 18.

  Moreover, Fig.20 (a) is a perspective view which shows the structure of the heat insulation member of a 4th modification, and FIG.20 (b) is a bottom view which shows the structure. Furthermore, FIG.20 (c) is sectional drawing in the XX line of Fig.20 (a), (b).

  As shown in FIGS. 20 (a) to 20 (c), the heat insulating member 19 of the fourth modified example is also a table-like member having a flat upper surface 19a and a cavity 19b in the lower portion. It consists of a plate 19c and side plates 19d, and a plurality of main reinforcing plates 19e and auxiliary reinforcing plates 19f for reinforcing the main body. The heat insulating member 19 is also made of the same material as the heat insulating member 15.

  On the other hand, the heat insulating member 19 of the fourth modified example has a length l of 90 mm and a width w of 90 mm. That is, the area of the upper surface 19 a of the heat insulating member 19 is about 1/36 of the area of the upper surface of the modeling table 11 and is smaller than that of the heat insulating member 15. Furthermore, the area of the upper surface 19a of the heat insulating member 19 is smaller than that of the heat insulating member 18 of the third modification. The thickness t of the heat insulating member 19 is 10 mm, which is the same as that of the heat insulating member 15.

  A plurality of the heat insulating members 19 of the fourth modified example having such a structure are arranged on the modeling table 11.

  Fig.21 (a) is a top view which shows the state of the preparation container 10 after the heat insulation member 19 of the 4th modification is arrange | positioned, FIG.21 (b) is XI-XI of Fig.21 (a). It is sectional drawing in a line.

  As shown in FIGS. 21A and 21B, 36 heat insulating members 19 are arranged on the modeling table 11 in the production container 10 with a small gap so that the upper surface of the modeling table 11 is almost the same. The whole is covered with the heat insulating member 19.

  At this time, a space is formed between the main body of the heat insulating member 19 and the upper surface of the modeling table 11 by the cavity 19 b below the heat insulating member 19.

  As described above, the heat insulating members 18 and 19 of the third and fourth modified examples are provided with the cavities 18b and 19b at the lower portions thereof, so that the air or the decompressed atmosphere is the same as the heat insulating member 15 of the first embodiment. A containing space is formed. Further, the heat insulating members 18 and 19 are made of the same material as the heat insulating member 15.

  Therefore, the heat insulating members 18 and 19 also have the same high heat insulating properties as the heat insulating member 15.

  Furthermore, the heat insulation members 18 and 19 of the third and fourth modifications have the following advantages because the size thereof is smaller than that of the heat insulation member 15 of the first embodiment.

  The heat insulating members 18 and 19 of the third and fourth modified examples are the same as the heat insulating member 15 of the first embodiment, in the formation of the buffer layer of the powder material 70 and the subsequent fabrication of the molded material 70. It is heated with it and expands thermally. Due to this thermal expansion, the heat insulating member 15 and the heat insulating members 18 and 19 may be warped, and the heat insulating member 15 and the heat insulating members 18 and 19 may be deformed.

  However, since the heat insulating members 18 and 19 are smaller than the heat insulating member 15, even if warpage occurs due to thermal expansion, the size of the heat insulating members 18 and 19 is relatively smaller than that of the heat insulating member 15. . For example, the warpage of the heat insulating member 18 is smaller than that of the heat insulating member 15, and the warp of the heat insulating member 19 is smaller than that of the heat insulating member 18.

  When a large warp occurs in the heat insulating member, the surface of the layer of the powder material 70 formed on the heat insulating member has unevenness due to the shape of the warp (particularly, the shape of the warp of the upper plate of the heat insulating member). The surface of the layer of material 70 may not be flat. Thereby, when producing a modeled object, there is a possibility that the formation of the thin layer of the powder material 70 for creating the modeled object and the formation of the solidified layer with this thin layer cannot be performed normally.

  In the third and fourth modifications described above, since the heat insulating members 18 and 19 are small, even if the heat insulating members 18 and 19 are warped, the warpage is small. Thereby, there exists an advantage that the flatness of the surface of the layer of the powder material 70 can be hold | maintained.

  In addition, it is preferable to make a heat insulation member smaller from a viewpoint of making the curvature which arises in a heat insulation member small. On the other hand, if the heat insulating member is made smaller, the number of heat insulating members arranged on the modeling table 11 increases, and it becomes difficult to arrange the heat insulating members with uniform gaps between the heat insulating members.

  For this reason, it is not necessary to make the heat insulating member excessively small, and it is sufficient that the heat insulating member has a size that can maintain the flatness of the surface of the layer of the powder material 70 described above.

  By the way, when the heat insulating member is arranged, a portion where the gap between the heat insulating members is small and a portion where the gap is large are mixed, and if the gap between the heat insulating members is uneven, the heat insulating member is thermally expanded. Sometimes the non-uniformity of the gap becomes more noticeable.

  As a result, in the portion where the gap between the heat insulating members becomes larger, a part of the layer of the powder material 70 formed on the heat insulating member may sink into the gap. Furthermore, not only the upper plate of the heat insulating member, but also the side plate and the main reinforcing plate are warped, so that the powder material 70 submerged in the gap between the heat insulating members may enter the cavity from the lower part of the heat insulating member. This may also cause the surface of the layer of powder material 70 to be uneven.

  For this reason, after adopting a heat insulating member having a structure with a closed cavity like the heat insulating members 16 and 17 of the first and second modifications described above, the heat insulating member is appropriately made small. Also good. Thus, even if a part of the layer of the powder material 70 sinks into the gap between the heat insulating members, the powder material 70 does not enter the cavity in the heat insulating member. It becomes possible to hold.

(Second Embodiment)
In the first embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 6, the heat insulating member 15 is disposed on the modeling table 11. The same applies to the heat insulating members 16 to 19 of the first to fourth modified examples of the first embodiment.

  On the other hand, in this embodiment, as shown in the following 1st example and 2nd example, the heat insulation member is being fixed on the base board. The base plate is disposed on the modeling table 11. Hereinafter, the heat insulating member fixed to the base plate is referred to as a heat insulating plate.

  Fig.22 (a) is a perspective view which shows the structure of the heat insulation board of the 1st example in this embodiment, FIG.22 (b) is a bottom view which shows the structure. Furthermore, FIG.22 (c) is sectional drawing in the XII-XII line | wire of Fig.22 (a), (b).

  FIG. 23 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating a structure for fixing the heat insulating member in the heat insulating plate of the first example to the base plate.

  As shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, the heat insulating plate 50 of the first example includes a base plate 51, a plurality (16 in FIG. 22) of heat insulating members 53 disposed on the base plate 51, and these. The heat insulating member 53 is fixed to the base plate 51 by a screw 57 and two nuts 58 and 59.

  As the screw 57, for example, a low head screw having a nominal diameter of M3 is used. The nuts 58 and 59 function as double nuts when fitted on the screws 57.

  Of the members constituting the heat insulating plate 50, the structure of the base plate 51 will be described. FIG. 24 is a perspective view showing the structure of the base plate 51.

  The base plate 51 is a flat plate-shaped member as shown in FIG. 24, and the size of the base plate 51 is greater than that of the modeling table 11 in consideration of the arrangement on the modeling table 11 and the removal from the modeling table 11. For example, the length l1 is 540 mm, the width w1 is 540 mm, and the thickness t1 is 4 mm. The base plate 51 is formed of a material having a smaller linear expansion coefficient than the material of the heat insulating member 53, for example, the same material (aluminum) as the modeling table 11.

  The base plate 51 is provided with a plurality of circular screw holes 52 through which screws 57 are passed. The number of screw holes 52 is obtained by multiplying the number of heat insulating members 53 fixed to the base plate 51 described above by the number of screw holes 55 provided in each heat insulating member 53 described later (in FIG. 24, 16 × 4 = 64). The positions of the screw holes 52 correspond to the positions of the screw holes 55 of the heat insulating member 53 when the heat insulating member 53 is disposed on the base plate 51 with the gaps between the heat insulating members 53 made uniform. .

  Next, the structure of the heat insulating member 53 fixed to the base plate 51 will be described.

  FIG. 25A is a perspective view showing the structure of the heat insulating member 53, and FIG. 25B is a bottom view showing the structure. Furthermore, FIG.25 (c) is sectional drawing in the XIII-XIII line | wire of Fig.25 (a), (b). Moreover, Fig.26 (a) is a top view which shows the structure of the heat insulation member 53 in the state from which the cover was removed, and FIG.26 (b) is a perspective view which shows the structure.

  As shown in FIG. 25, the heat insulating member 53 of the first example of the present embodiment has basically the same structure as the heat insulating member 15 of the first embodiment, and has a flat upper surface 53a and a cavity 53b at the lower part. It is a trapezoidal member. Furthermore, the heat insulating member 53 includes an upper plate 53c and a side plate 53d as a main body, and a plurality of reinforcing plates 53e for reinforcing the main body. The heat insulating member 53 is formed of the same material as the heat insulating member 15 (for example, a resin such as polypropylene, polyamide, and polyphenylene sulfide) including a lid that will be described later.

  The size of the heat insulating member 53 is, for example, a length l of 132 mm, a width w of 132 mm, and a thickness t of 10 mm. That is, the area (length l × width w) of the upper surface 53 a of the heat insulating member 53 is about 1/16 of the area (length L × width W) of the upper surface 51 a of the base plate 51.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 26, unlike the heat insulating member 15 of the first embodiment, the heat insulating member 53 of the first example is provided with circular holes 54 at each of the four corners of the upper surface 53a. An oblong screw hole 55 for passing the screw 57 is provided in the bottom surface 54a. That is, the heat insulating member 53 is provided with four screw holes 55.

  The diameter of the hole 54 is larger than the diameter of the head 57 a of the screw 57. Further, the short diameter of the oval screw hole 55 is smaller than the diameter of the head portion 57a of the screw 57 and larger than the outer diameter of the screw portion 57b (the nominal diameter of the screw 57). For this reason, when the screw 57 is passed through the screw hole 55, the head portion 57a of the screw 57 is caught by the bottom surface 54a of the hole 54 as shown in FIG.

  The depth d of the hole 54 (see FIG. 23) is large enough that the head 57a of the screw 57 does not protrude from the upper surface 53a of the heat insulating member 53 when the head 57a of the screw 57 is caught by the bottom surface 54a. For example, it is 4 mm.

  A circular lid 56 for covering the head portion 57a of the screw 57 is attached to each hole 54.

  FIG. 27A is a perspective view showing the structure of the lid 56 when the upper surface of the lid 56 is viewed from an oblique direction, and FIG. 27B is a view when the lower surface of the lid 56 is viewed from an oblique direction. FIG. 27C is a perspective view showing the structure of the lid 56, and FIG. 27C is a side view showing the structure of the lid 56.

  As shown in FIG. 27, the upper surface 56a of the lid 56 is substantially flat although a groove 56b for turning the lid 56 is provided. In addition, a hole 56 c having a size capable of accommodating the head portion 57 a of the screw 57 is provided in the lower portion of the lid 56. And the height h of the lid | cover 56 is a magnitude | size corresponding to the depth d (refer FIG. 23) of the hole 54 of the heat insulation member 53, for example, is 4 mm.

  Therefore, when the lid 56 is attached to the hole 54 of the heat insulating member 53, the upper surface 56a of the lid 56 and the upper surface 53a of the heat insulating member 53 are at the same height as shown in FIG. The flatness of 53a is maintained.

  As shown in FIG. 27, a plurality of claws 56d (three in FIG. 27) are provided below the side portion of the lid 56 at intervals from the center of the lid 56 toward the outside. Yes. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 23 and 26, a projection 54c protruding toward the center of the hole 54 is spaced from the bottom surface 54a at a predetermined height on the side surface 54b inside the hole 54 of the heat insulating member 53. A plurality (three in FIG. 26) are provided.

  For this reason, when attaching the lid 56 to the hole 54 of the heat insulating member 53, the lid 56 is fitted into the hole 54 so that the claw 56d of the lid 56 passes through the gap between the projections 54c of the hole 54, and the lower claw 56d. When the lid 56 is rotated so as to overlap the upper projection 54 c, the claw 56 d is caught by the projection 54 c so that the lid 56 does not come out of the hole 54.

  Considering the structure of the base plate 51 and the heat insulating member 53, the structure of the heat insulating plate 50 of the first example will be described again with reference to FIGS.

  In the first heat insulating plate 50, as shown in FIG. 22A, a plurality of heat insulating members 53 are arranged on the base plate 51 with some gaps. Thus, as shown in FIG. 22C, a space is formed between the main body of the heat insulating member 53 and the upper surface 51 a of the base plate 51 by the cavity 53 b below the heat insulating member 53.

  In each heat insulating member 53, as shown in FIG. 23, a screw 57 is prepared for each of the holes 54 at the four corners. Each screw 57 is passed through the screw hole 55 of the heat insulating member 53 and the screw hole 52 of the base plate 51. The screw 57 has a head portion 57 a hooked on the bottom surface 54 a of the hole 54, and a screw portion 57 b protruding from the lower surface 51 b of the base plate 51.

  Two nuts 58 and 59 are fitted into the threaded portion 57 b of the protruding screw 57. Of these nuts 58, 59, the nut 58 on the upper side (base plate 51 side) is relative to the lower surface 51 b of the base plate 51 so that the heat insulating member 53 can move slightly in the in-plane direction of the upper surface 51 a of the base plate 51. It is squeezed slightly loosely. On the other hand, the lower nut 59 is tightly tightened with respect to the nut 58 so that the upper nut 58 does not loosen. Thereby, the nuts 58 and 59 function as a double nut, and the heat insulating member 53 is fixed to the base plate 51.

  Moreover, in each heat insulation member 53, as shown in FIG. 23, the lid | cover 56 is attached to each of the hole 54 of 4 corners. Each lid 56 does not come off the hole 54 because the claw 56d of the lid 56 and the projection 54c of the hole 54 overlap.

  In each hole 54, as shown in FIG. 23, the head portion 57 a of the screw 57 is accommodated in the hole 56 c of the lid 56. Thereby, the upper surface 53a of the heat insulation member 53 and the upper surface 56a of the cover 56 become the same height, and the flatness of the upper surface 53a of the heat insulation member 53 is maintained.

  The heat insulating plate 50 of the first example having such a structure is disposed on the modeling table 11.

  Fig.28 (a) is a top view which shows the state of the production container 10 after the heat insulation board 50 of a 1st example is arrange | positioned, FIG.28 (b) is in the XIV-XIV line | wire of Fig.28 (a). It is sectional drawing. In the cross-sectional view of FIG. 28B, the nuts 58 and 59 of the heat insulating plate 50 are indicated by broken lines.

  As shown in FIGS. 28A and 28B, the heat insulating plate 50 of the first example is arranged on the modeling table 11 in the production container 10, and almost the entire upper surface of the modeling table 11 is insulated. The state is covered with the plate 50.

  Fig.29 (a) is a perspective view which shows the structure of the heat insulation board of the 2nd example in this embodiment, FIG.29 (b) is a bottom view which shows the structure. Further, FIG. 29C is a cross-sectional view taken along line XV-XV in FIGS. 29A and 29B.

  FIG. 30 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating a structure for fixing the heat insulating member in the heat insulating plate of the second example to the base plate.

  29 and 30, the heat insulating plate 60 of the second example includes a base plate 61, a plurality (36 pieces in FIG. 29) of heat insulating members 63 disposed on the base plate 61, and these. The heat insulating plate 63 is fixed to the base plate 61 with screws 67 and two nuts 68 and 69.

  As the screw 67, for example, a low head screw having a nominal diameter of M3 is used. The nuts 68 and 69 function as double nuts when fitted on the screws 67.

  First, the structure of the base plate 61 will be described. FIG. 31 is a perspective view showing the structure of the base plate 61.

  As shown in FIG. 31, the base plate 61 of the second example has the same shape and size as the base plate 51 of the first example shown in FIG. The base plate 61 is made of the same material as the base plate 51 of the first example.

  The base plate 61 is also provided with a plurality of circular screw holes 62 through which the screws 67 are passed. The number of screw holes 62 is obtained by multiplying the number of heat insulating members 63 fixed to the base plate 61 described above by the number of screw holes 65 provided in each heat insulating member 63 described later (in FIG. 31, 36 × 1 = 36). The positions of the screw holes 62 correspond to the positions of the screw holes 65 of the heat insulating member 63 when the heat insulating material 63 is arranged on the base plate 61 with the gaps between the heat insulating members 63 made uniform. .

  Next, the structure of the heat insulating member 63 fixed to the base plate 61 will be described.

  FIG. 32A is a perspective view showing the structure of the heat insulating member 63, and FIG. 32B is a bottom view showing the structure. Further, FIG. 32C is a cross-sectional view taken along line XVI-XVI in FIGS. 32A and 32B. FIG. 33 (a) is a top view showing the structure of the heat insulating member 63 with the lid removed, and FIG. 33 (b) is a perspective view showing the structure.

  As shown in FIG. 32, the heat insulating member 63 of the second example of this embodiment is also basically the same structure as the heat insulating member 15 of the first embodiment, has a flat upper surface 63a, and has a cavity 63b at the bottom. A trapezoidal member provided. Further, the heat insulating member 63 includes an upper plate 63c and a side plate 63d as a main body, and a plurality of reinforcing plates 63e for reinforcing the main body. The heat insulating member 63 is also made of the same material as the heat insulating member 15 including the lid.

  The size of the heat insulating member 63 is, for example, a length l of 87 mm, a width w of 87 mm, and a thickness t of 10 mm. That is, the area (length l × width w) of the upper surface 63a of the heat insulating member 63 is about 1/36 of the area (length L × width W) of the upper surface 61a of the base plate 61.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 33, unlike the heat insulating member 15 of the first embodiment, the heat insulating member 63 of the second example is provided with one circular hole 64 at the center of the upper surface 63a. A circular screw hole 65 for passing the screw 67 through the bottom surface 64a is provided. That is, the heat insulating member 63 is provided with one screw hole 65.

  The diameter of the hole 64 is larger than the diameter of the head 67 a of the screw 67. The diameter of the screw hole 65 is smaller than the diameter of the head 67a of the screw 67 and larger than the outer diameter of the screw portion 67b (the nominal diameter of the screw 67). For this reason, when the screw 67 is passed through the screw hole 65, the head 67a of the screw 67 is caught by the bottom surface 64a of the hole 64 as shown in FIG.

  The depth d of the hole 64 (see FIG. 30) is large enough that the head 67a of the screw 67 does not protrude from the upper surface 63a of the heat insulating member 63 when the head 67a of the screw 67 is caught by the bottom surface 64a. For example, it is 4 mm.

  A circular lid 66 for covering the head 67 a of the screw 67 is attached to the hole 64.

  34A is a perspective view showing the structure of the lid 66 when the upper surface of the lid 66 is viewed from an oblique direction, and FIG. 34B is a view when the lower surface of the lid 66 is viewed from an oblique direction. FIG. 34C is a perspective view showing the structure of the lid 66, and FIG. 34C is a side view showing the structure of the lid 66.

  As shown in FIG. 34, the upper surface 66a of the lid 66 is substantially flat although a groove 66b for turning the lid 66 is provided. In addition, a hole 66 c having a size capable of accommodating the head 67 a of the screw 67 is provided in the lower portion of the lid 66. And the height h of the lid | cover 66 is a magnitude | size corresponding to the depth d (refer FIG. 30) of the hole 64 of the heat insulation member 63, for example, is 4 mm.

  Therefore, when the lid 66 is attached to the hole 64 of the heat insulating member 63, the upper surface 66a of the lid 66 and the upper surface 63a of the heat insulating member 63 are at the same height as shown in FIG. The flatness of 63a is maintained.

  As shown in FIG. 34, a plurality (two in FIG. 34) of claws 66d extending outward from the center of the lid 66 are provided at the lower portion of the lid 66. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 33, a plurality of notches 64c (two in FIG. 33) are provided on the bottom surface 64a of the hole 64 of the heat insulating member 63 at intervals.

  Therefore, when attaching the lid 66 to the hole 64 of the heat insulating member 63, the lid 66 is fitted into the hole 64 so that the claw 66d of the lid 66 passes through the wide portion of the notch 64c of the bottom surface 64a of the hole 64, Further, when the lid 66 is rotated so that the lower claw 66d overlaps the narrow portion of the upper cutout 64c, the claw 66d is caught by the narrow portion of the cutout 64c, and the lid 66 comes off the hole 64. There is no such thing.

  Considering the structure of the base plate 61 and the heat insulating member 63 described above, the structure of the heat insulating plate 60 of the second example will be described again with reference to FIGS. 29 and 30.

  In the heat insulating plate 60 of the second example, as shown in FIG. 29A, a plurality of heat insulating members 63 are arranged on the base plate 61 with some gaps. Thus, as shown in FIG. 29C, a space is formed between the main body of the heat insulating member 63 and the upper surface 61 a of the base plate 61 by the cavity 63 b below the heat insulating member 63.

  In each heat insulating member 63, as shown in FIG. 30, a screw 67 is prepared for the central hole 64. The screw 67 is passed through the screw hole 65 of the heat insulating member 63 and the screw hole 62 of the base plate 61. The screw 67 has a head 67 a hooked on the bottom surface 64 a of the hole 64 and a screw portion 67 b protruding from the lower surface 61 b of the base plate 61.

  Two nuts 68 and 69 are fitted into the threaded portion 67 b of the protruding screw 67. Similar to the nuts 58 and 59 of the first example, the nut 68 on the upper side (base plate 61 side) is tightened slightly loosely with respect to the lower surface 61 b of the base plate 61. On the other hand, the lower nut 69 is tightened tightly with respect to the upper nut 69. Thereby, the nuts 68 and 69 function as a double nut, and the heat insulating member 63 is fixed to the base plate 61.

  Moreover, in each heat insulation member 63, as shown in FIG. The lid 66 does not come off the hole 64 because the claw 66d of the lid 66 and the narrow portion of the notch 64c on the bottom surface 64a of the hole 64 overlap.

  In the hole 64, as shown in FIG. 30, the head 67 a of the screw 67 is accommodated in the hole 66 c of the lid 66. As a result, the upper surface 63a of the heat insulating member 63 and the upper surface 66a of the lid 66 have the same height, and the flatness of the upper surface 63a of the heat insulating member 63 is maintained.

  The heat insulating plate 60 of the second example having such a structure is disposed on the modeling table 11.

  Fig.35 (a) is a top view which shows the state of the production container 10 after the heat insulation board 60 of a 2nd example is arrange | positioned, FIG.35 (b) is in the XVII-XVII line | wire of Fig.35 (a). It is sectional drawing. In the cross-sectional view of FIG. 35B, the nuts 68 and 69 of the heat insulating plate 60 are indicated by broken lines.

  As shown in FIGS. 35A and 35B, the heat insulating plate 60 of the second example is arranged on the modeling table 11 in the production container 10, and almost the entire upper surface of the modeling table 11 is insulated. The state is covered with the plate 60.

  As described above, in the heat insulating plates 50 and 60 of the present embodiment, by providing the cavities 53b and 63b below the heat insulating members 53 and 63, air or a reduced-pressure atmosphere is provided as in the heat insulating member 15 of the first embodiment. A containing space is formed. Further, the heat insulating members 53 and 63 are made of the same material as the heat insulating member 15.

  Therefore, the heat insulating plates 50 and 60 of the present embodiment have a high heat insulating property similar to the heat insulating member 15 of the first embodiment.

  For this reason, even when the heat insulating plates 50 and 60 are arranged on the modeling table 11 in the production container 10, heat is removed from the heated powder material 70 through the modeling table 11, similarly to the heat insulating member 15. Can be suppressed.

  Further, in the heat insulating plates 50 and 60 of the present embodiment, the heat insulating members 53 and 63 are relatively small like the heat insulating members 18 and 19 of the third and fourth modified examples, and thus warp has occurred due to thermal expansion. However, the warpage becomes smaller. Thereby, the flatness of the surface of the layer of the powder material 70 formed on the heat insulating members 53 and 63 can be maintained.

  Furthermore, in the heat insulating plates 50 and 60 of the present embodiment, the heat insulating members 53 and 63 are fixed to the base plates 51 and 61 by screws 57 and 67 and nuts 58, 59, 68 and 69. The heat insulating members 53 and 63 can be arranged with a uniform gap between the three. Furthermore, the uniformity of the gap between the heat insulating members 53 and 63 can be maintained when the heat insulating members 53 and 63 are thermally expanded. Also by this, the flatness of the surface of the layer of the powder material 70 formed on the heat insulating members 53 and 63 can be maintained.

  By the way, in the heat insulation plates 50 and 60 of this embodiment, since the heat insulation members 53 and 63 are both rectangular as shown in FIG. 25 and FIG. 32, the warp occurs at the four corners where stress due to thermal expansion is concentrated. It tends to occur.

  On the other hand, in the heat insulating plate 50 of the first example, since each of the four corners of the heat insulating member 53 is fixed to the base plate 51, it is effective that the heat insulating member 53 is warped by the pressing force against the base plate 51. Can be suppressed.

  On the other hand, in the heat insulating plate 60 of the second example, since the heat insulating member 63 is smaller than the heat insulating member 53 of the first example, even if warpage occurs, the magnitude of the warpage is smaller than that of the heat insulating member 53. For this reason, with this heat insulating plate 60, it is not necessary to fix the four corners of the heat insulating member 63, and it is sufficient to fix to the base plate 61 at only one center of the heat insulating member 63. Thereby, there exists an advantage that it can produce with the operation | work fewer than the heat insulation board 50 of a 1st example.

  The structure for fixing the heat insulating member to the base plate is not limited to the structure shown in FIGS.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 36, a base plate 81 (thickness t2 = 6 mm) thicker than the base plate 51 (or base plate 61: thickness t1 = 4 mm) is prepared, and the lower surface 81b of the base plate 81 is provided. After the counterbore hole 82a is provided, the nut 84 may be fitted to the screw 83 in the counterbore hole 82a. Also by this, the heat insulating member 53 (or the heat insulating member 63) can be fixed to the base plate 81.

  In this example, since only one nut 84 is used, it is preferable to apply a screw lock material (not shown) to the nut 84 and then fit the nut 84 to the screw 83.

  As shown in FIG. 37, a base plate 91 (thickness t3 = 6 mm) thicker than the base plate 51 (or base plate 61: thickness t1 = 4 mm) is prepared, and screw holes 92 of the base plate 91 are prepared. It is also possible to form the female screw 92a therein and then screw the screw 93 into the female screw 92a of the screw hole 92. Also by this, the heat insulating member 53 (or the heat insulating member 63) can be fixed to the base plate 91.

  In this example, since a nut is not used, it is preferable that a screw lock material (not shown) is applied to the female screw 92a of the screw hole 92 before the screw 93 is screwed.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10,10a ... Preparation container, 11 ... Modeling table, 12 ... Support rod, 13 ... Spacer, 15-19, 53, 63 ... Thermal insulation member, 15a-19a, 53a, 63a ... Upper surface of thermal insulation member, 15b-19b, 53b, 63b ... heat insulating member cavities, 15e, 18e, 19e ... main reinforcing plate, 16f, 53e, 63e ... reinforcing plate, 20, 30 ... storage container, 40 ... recoater, 50, 60 ... heat insulating plate, 51, 61, 81, 91 ... base plate, 57, 67, 83, 93 ... screw, 57, 58, 68, 69, 84 ... nut, 70 ... powder material, 71-78 ... thin layer of powder material, 75a-78a ... solidified layer DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Powder sintering laminated modeling apparatus 110 ... Modeled object preparation part, 120 ... Laser beam emission part, 130 ... Upper heating part, 131-134 ... Heater of an upper heating part, 140 ... Side part heating part, 141-144 Side heating portion of the heater, 150 ... heater shaping table, 160 ... temperature detecting unit, 170 ... control unit.

Claims (10)

A modeling table;
A heat insulating member disposed on the modeling table and having a heat insulating property with a flat upper surface;
And a heating means for heating a layer of the powder material formed on the heat insulating member.   2. The powder sintered additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heat insulating member is a trapezoidal member having a cavity in a lower portion.   2. The powder sintered additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heat insulating member is a plate-like member having a cavity inside.   The powder sintered additive manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a material of the heat insulating member is the same material as the powder material. The area of the upper surface of the heat insulating member is smaller than the area of the upper surface of the modeling table,
5. The powder sintering according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the heat insulating members are arranged on the modeling table to cover the entire top surface of the modeling table. Additive manufacturing equipment. Furthermore, it has a base plate disposed on the modeling table,
The powder sintered additive manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the heat insulating member is fixed to an upper surface of the base plate. Forming a layer of powder material on a heat insulating member arranged on the modeling table;
Heating the powder material layer to raise the temperature of the powder material to a temperature lower than the melting point of the powder material;
A powder sintered additive manufacturing method characterized by comprising:   After the step of raising the temperature of the powder material layer, the method includes a step of emitting and scanning an energy beam to the powder material layer to melt and solidify a specific region of the powder material layer. The powder sintering additive manufacturing method according to claim 7. The area of the upper surface of the heat insulating member is smaller than the area of the upper surface of the modeling table,
9. The powder sintered additive manufacturing method according to claim 7, wherein a plurality of the heat insulating members are arranged on the modeling table to cover the entire top surface of the modeling table.   The powder sintering according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein a base plate is disposed on the modeling table, and the heat insulating member is fixed to an upper surface of the base plate. Additive manufacturing method.

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