JP2017509857A - Lightweight injury-reducing protective clothing - Google Patents

Abstract

A multilayer laminate structure that is particularly useful as a soft protective garment has a layer of aramid fabric, thermoplastic sheet, or polyolefin fabric joined together using a polyolefin adhesive. By joining the stacks of layers under heat and pressure, a light and low trauma trauma pack is obtained as required by Indian protective clothing standards.

Description

  The present invention relates to a trauma-reducing laminate particularly suitable for a ballistic-resistant soft protective garment and a method for producing the same.

  The main purpose of protective clothing research is to develop a ballistic impact resistant system that is low cost, lightweight and comfortable to wear. Indian protective clothing standards require that the projectile should stop under ballistic impact and that the penetration depth into the clay evidence behind the protective clothing under test should not exceed 25 mm. . If the penetration depth exceeds this value, the wearer may experience severe blunt trauma. Aramid and ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) are used as base materials for ballistic protection. These high performance fibers are characterized by low density, high strength, and high energy absorption. However, to meet typical ballistic threat protection requirements, approximately 20-50 layers of fabric are required depending on the type of fabric used. As a result, the armor becomes heavy and may not meet low trauma requirements, eg, 25 mm or less.

  NIJ 0101.06 in July 2007: Claybox after impact of a projectile as a means of quantifying the severity of impact or trauma experienced by a virtual wearer in tests such as “Ballistic Resistance of Personal Body Armor” The depth of the backface signature on the (cray box) is used.

  There are several literature reports that describe how to manufacture ballistic armor that reduces the impact received by a person on impact of a projectile.

  British Patent No. 2232063 by Lee includes two parallel fiber material layers and a plurality of polypropylene (PP) fibers sandwiched between them and extending perpendicular to the plane of the two parallel layers. A trauma reducing protective shield is described. Upon impact, the vertical fibers, which may be impregnated with resin, are crushed, absorbing and dissipating the projectile's kinetic energy, thereby reducing the trauma strength.

  WO 20060363323 by Boettger et al. Describes at least one panel consisting of at least one panel of plastic material and yarns having fibers fixed to the panel and having a tensile strength of at least 900 MPa as measured according to ASTM D7269. A trauma reduction pack comprising two woven fabric layers, wherein the plastic material is a self-reinforced thermoplastic material such as PP tape, for example, which is in intimate contact with each other and bonded together at high temperatures Has been. These structures can alleviate the back traces slightly and even cause flammability problems.

  WO 200721611 by Morin et al. Discloses a structure comprising high modulus polyolefin fibers, particularly PP tape fibers, sandwiched between aramid fibers using an adhesive suitable for marine, automotive, and electronic applications. ing. However, these structures are rigid and hard, which can make the wearer uncomfortable.

  US Patent Application Publication No. 2012020240756 by Bader et al. Discloses a wound-reducing laminate comprising a plurality of layers of aramid or polyolefin woven fabric joined together by a polyolefin adhesive.

  Structures reported in the art do not correspond to their scope to comply with the environmental test protocol specified in NIJ 0101.06. Also, the reported structure does not meet the special requirements for low back traces (less than 25 mm) that are desirable for Indian situations. Also, structures reported in the art do not meet cost and light weight requirements.

  Therefore, there is a great need for a lighter, better performing trauma pack that provides greater protection from blunt trauma, increased survival and is more comfortable to wear than trauma packs known in the art. Yes.

One aspect of the present invention is a trauma reduction pack,
(I) at least one first layer of an aramid fabric comprising a yarn having a tensile strength of at least 900 MPa and having a linear density of 444-1111 dtex, wherein the fabric has an inner surface and an outer surface; ,
(Ii) at least one second layer of a thermoplastic sheet having a tensile strength of at least 60 MPa, or a thermoplastic nonwoven fabric comprising a yarn having a tensile strength of at least 900 MPa, wherein the sheet or nonwoven has an inner surface and an outer surface A second layer;
(Ii) a polyolefin adhesive having a melting point of 70 to 150 ° C.,
A trauma reduction pack in which at least one first layer and at least one second layer are joined together by a polyolefin adhesive.

  Another aspect of the present invention is a protective garment including a trauma pack.

  The present invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the different views.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a para-aramid-polycarbonate (PC) laminate. It is sectional drawing of another para-aramid-PC laminate. It is sectional drawing of a para-aramid-para-aramid laminate. It is sectional drawing of a para-aramid-polyolefin laminate. It is sectional drawing of another para-aramid-polyolefin laminate. It is sectional drawing of another para-aramid-para-aramid laminate.

  A multi-layer laminate structure for a trauma pack suitable for resisting ballistic bodies includes a plurality of layers including at least one aramid fabric layer joined together with another fabric or sheet layer using an adhesive.

  In one embodiment, the aramid fabric layer used in the ballistic resistant multilayer laminate structure according to the present invention is made of continuous filament yarn made of fibers. For purposes herein, the term “fiber” is a macroscopically uniform object that is relatively flexible and has a large ratio of length to width across a cross-sectional area perpendicular to its length. Is defined as The cross section of the fiber can be any shape, but is typically circular. In this specification, the term “filament” is used synonymously with the term “fiber”.

  “Aramid” means a polyamide in which at least 85% of the amide (—CONH—) linkages are bonded directly to two aromatic rings. Suitable aramid fibers are described in Man-Made Fibers-Science and Technology, Volume 2, Section title Fiber-Forming Aromatic Polymers, page 297, W. et al. Black et al. , Interscience Publishers, 1968. Aramid fibers and their production are described in US Pat. No. 4,172,938, US Pat. No. 3,869,429, US Pat. No. 3,819,587, US Pat. No. 3,673. No. 1,143, U.S. Pat. No. 3,354,127, and U.S. Pat. No. 3,094,511. A preferred aramid is para-aramid. A preferred para-aramid is poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) described as PPD-T.

  The fabric may be a woven fabric, a multi-directional fabric such as a unidirectional fabric, a bi-directional fabric, or a non-woven fabric.

  "Unidirectional (UD) fabric" means a fabric layer (ply) in which the component yarns or fibers are aligned in parallel directions in the plane of the fabric.

  “Multi-directional fabric” means a fabric comprising a plurality of unidirectional fabric layers in which the direction of yarns or fibers in one UD fabric layer is offset relative to the direction of yarns or fibers in the next layer. In one embodiment, a “multi-directional aramid” fabric of the present invention comprises two layers of a unidirectional fabric of para-aramid yarns having yarns aligned in a + 45 / −45 ° direction relative to the machine direction of the fabric. The multi-directional fabric further includes a polyester yarn binding thread that is sewn through the UD fabric layer in a direction orthogonal to the plane of the UD fabric layer. The machine direction is the long direction in the plane of the fabric, ie the direction in which the fabric is produced by the machine. A multi-directional fabric comprising two layers of unidirectional fabric is also referred to as a bi-directional fabric.

  As used herein, the term “nonwoven” means a web that includes a number of randomly oriented fibers. “Randomly oriented” means that the fiber does not have a long repeating structure that is visible to the naked eye. To impart strength and integrity to the web, the fibers can be bonded together or entangled without bonding. The fibers can be staple fibers or continuous fibers and can include one material, or can include multiple materials as a combination of different fibers or as a combination of similar fibers each composed of different materials. Can do.

  Nonwoven fabrics or webs are formed from a number of methods such as, for example, meltblowing, spunbonding, and bonded card web methods. The basis weight of a nonwoven is usually expressed in units of ounces of material per square yard (osy) or grams per square meter (gsm), and useful fiber diameters are usually in microns. expressed.

  As used herein, the term “spunbond fiber” refers to, for example, US Pat. No. 4,340,563 to Appel et al. And US Pat. No. 3,692, to Dorschner et al. No. 618, US Pat. No. 3,802,817 to Matsuki et al., US Pat. No. 3,338,992 to Kinney and US Pat. No. 3,341,394. , U.S. Pat. No. 3,502,763, and U.S. Pat. No. 3,542,615 to Dobo et al. Usually formed by extruding molten thermoplastic material as filaments from circular pores and then rapidly shrinking. It means of fiber. Spunbond fibers are generally continuously larger than 7 microns in size, and are typically between about 15 and 50 microns.

  By tape is meant a highly oriented non-filamentous polyolefin sheet. Preferably, the tape comprises two cross-oversheets arranged perpendicular to each other and joined by an adhesive film or scrim, such arrangement being sometimes referred to as a bi-directional tape.

  As used herein, the term “high modulus” means a material having a modulus greater than 1,000 grams / denier (gpd).

  The multilayer structure used in the method according to the invention is a preassembled structure of at least one aramid layer and at least one other layer comprising either a thermoplastic sheet or a nonwoven fabric. These layers are laminated together using an adhesive and a thermo press method. Preferably, the thermoplastic sheet has a tensile strength of at least 60 MPa when measured according to ASTM D885 / D885M-10a (2014). The thermoplastic sheet may be selected from polycarbonate (PC), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer (sold under the trade name Surlyn®), bi-directional polyolefin tape, and mixtures thereof. Can do. Preferably, the thermoplastic sheet is made of polycarbonate having a thickness in the range of 0.2 to 2.0 mm. More preferably, the thermoplastic sheet is made of multidirectional polyolefin tape. The thermoplastic nonwoven layer can be selected from a wide variety of nonwoven materials selected from polyethylene, polyester, polypropylene and the like. Preferably, the thermoplastic nonwoven fabric comprises a yarn having a tensile strength of at least 900 MPa as measured according to ASTM D885 / D885M-10a (2014).

  Preferred polyolefin adhesives according to the present invention have a melting point of 70 ° C. to 150 ° C. when measured according to ASTM D1238-13, and measured using a 2.16 kg weight at 190 ° C. according to ASTM 1238. Can be selected from polyolefins such as polyethylene, ethylene copolymers, polypropylene, propylene copolymers, and / or combinations thereof having a melt flow viscosity of 0.2 g / 10 min to 10 g / 10 min.

  The polyolefin adhesive can be grafted. Suitable grafting agents include, for example, ethylenically unsaturated organic acids such as maleic anhydride, alkyl hydrogen maleate, maleic acid, fumaric acid, alkyl hydrogen fumarate, and / or combinations thereof, and esters, half esters thereof, And can be selected from anhydrides.

  When the polyolefin is grafted, the grafting agent is present from 0.1 weight percent to 3.5 weight percent, based on the total weight of the polyolefin. Suitable polyethylenes are very low density polyethylene (VLDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), metallocene polyethylene (mPE), high density polyethylene (HDPE), ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and It can be selected from / or combinations thereof. Preferably, the polyethylene is linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE).

  Suitable ethylene copolymers can be selected from ethylene vinyl acetate, ethylene (meth) acrylate copolymers, ethylene (meth) acrylic acid copolymers and their corresponding ionomers, ethylene vinyl alcohol, and / or combinations thereof. The polyolefin adhesive can be suitably applied to the polyolefin woven fabric assembly by various methods, such as placing an adhesive between the layers of the polyolefin fabric and / or on both sides of the assembly.

  Suitable adhesives according to the invention can be selected from ethylene-based copolymers of polyolefins or grafted polyolefins having functional groups such as vinyl acetate (VA) or methacrylic acid (MAA). The acidic groups are completely or partially neutralized with neutralizing agents such as sodium, potassium, zinc, magnesium, lithium and combinations thereof. Suitable adhesives for use in the present invention include E.I. I. It is commercially available from the Du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, Delaware, USA under the trademark Surlyn®.

  The wound pack is made of at least one aramid fabric layer and at least one thermoplastic sheet or thermoplastic nonwoven layer, which layers are bonded together using a polyolefin adhesive. The different layers of the trauma pack do not substantially change the chemical and physical properties of the individual layers, but at a pressure and temperature sufficient for the adhesive to soften, flow and coat the fabric layer fibers. , Simultaneously heated in the press for a certain time.

  Typically, the trauma pack is pressed at a pressure between 2 and 100 bar, more preferably between 10 and 70 bar. In order to allow the adhesive to flow properly, the temperature is typically at least about 30 ° C. above the melting point of the thermoplastic sheet or nonwoven. The duration of the thermopress is preferably between 10 and 60 minutes and is determined by the number of different layers of the pile. The impregnated composite structure is typically cooled to 50 ° C. while maintaining a constant pressure and then cooled to room temperature under ambient conditions.

One aspect of the present invention is a trauma reduction pack,
a. At least one first layer of aramid fabric comprising yarns having an inner surface and an outer surface and having a tensile strength of at least 900 MPa and a linear density of 444-1111 dtex (400-1000 denier);
b. At least one second layer of a thermoplastic sheet having a tensile strength of at least 60 MPa or a yarn having a tensile strength of at least 900 MPa, wherein the sheet or nonwoven has an inner surface and an outer surface When,
c. A polyolefin adhesive having a melting point of 70-150 ° C.,
A trauma mitigation pack in which at least one first layer and at least one second layer are joined together by a polyolefin adhesive.

  In one embodiment of the invention, the polyolefin adhesive in the trauma reduction pack is an ethylene copolymer.

  In another embodiment of the invention, the polyolefin adhesive in the trauma reduction pack is a grafted polyolefin.

  In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the fibers in the aramid fabric may be woven, non-woven, unidirectional, or multidirectional.

  In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the thermoplastic sheet is selected from polycarbonate, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer, bi-directional polyolefin tape, or combinations thereof.

  In another embodiment of the present invention, the thermoplastic nonwoven is a polyolefin spunbond nonwoven.

  In another embodiment of the invention, the polyolefin is polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, or a blend or copolymer thereof.

  In another embodiment of the invention, the multi-directional polyolefin tape is a cross-overlap non-fibrous ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) tape.

  In yet another embodiment of the invention, the trauma pack has an areal density of less than 1000 g / m2.

  In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the trauma pack includes 1-4 layers of para-aramid fabric, 1-5 layers of thermoplastic sheet, 1-3 layers of nonwoven fabric, and 1-4 layers of polyolefin adhesive. .

  Another aspect of the invention is a protective garment comprising at least one trauma pack.

Detailed Description of the Drawings FIG.
1. Para-aramid cloth 2. Polyolefin adhesive It is sectional drawing of the para-aramid-polycarbonate laminate containing a polycarbonate sheet.

Figure 2 shows:
1A. First layer of para-aramid fabric 2A. 2. First layer of polyolefin adhesive film Polycarbonate sheet 2B. Second layer of polyolefin adhesive film 1B. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another para-aramid-polycarbonate laminate including a second layer of para-aramid fabric.

Figure 3 shows:
1A. First layer of 1000 denier para-aramid fabric 2A. First layer of polyolefin adhesive film 3A. First layer of 600 denier para-aramid fabric 2B. Second layer of polyolefin adhesive film 3B. Second layer of 600 denier para-aramid fabric 2C. Third layer of polyolefin adhesive film 1B. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a para-aramid-para-aramid laminate including a second layer of 1000 denier para-aramid fabric. FIG.

Figure 4 shows:
1. Para-aramid cloth 2. Polyolefin adhesive FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another para-aramid-para-aramid laminate including a plurality of polyolefin sheet layers.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of another para-aramid-polyolefin laminate:
1A. First layer of 1000 denier para-aramid fabric 2A. First layer of polyolefin adhesive film 3A. First layer of spunbond polyethylene nonwoven fabric 2B. Second layer of polyolefin adhesive film 3B. Second layer of spunbond polyethylene nonwoven fabric 2C. Third layer of polyolefin adhesive film 3C. Third layer of spunbond polyethylene nonwoven fabric 2D. Fourth layer of polyolefin adhesive film 1B. Second layer of 1000 denier para-aramid fabric.

Figure 6:
1A. 1. First layer of 3300 denier para-aramid fabric Polyolefin adhesive film layer 1B. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a para-aramid-polyolefin laminate including a second layer of 3300 denier para-aramid fabric. FIG.

Test Method Temperature: All temperatures were measured in degrees Celsius (° C).

  Linear density: The linear density of yarns or fibers was determined by weighing yarns or fibers of known length based on the procedures described in ASTM D1907 / D1907M-12 and D885 / D885M-10a (2014). Decitex or “dtex” is defined as the weight in grams of 10,000 meters of yarn or fiber. Denier (d) is 9/10 times decitex (dtex).

  Tensile properties: The fibers to be tested were subjected to a tensile test after conditioning according to the procedure described in ASTM D885 / D885M-10a (2014). Tenacity (break tenacity), elastic modulus, break force, and elongation at break are determined by breaking the test fiber on an Instron universal testing machine.

  Area density: The area density of the fabric layer was determined by measuring a 1 square meter fabric, i.e., a 1 m x 1 m weight. The surface density of the composite structure was determined by the sum of the surface densities of the individual layers.

  The melt flow index was measured according to ASTM D 1238-13.

  The environmental conditioning protocol consisted of exposing the protective clothing to 10 days of environmental conditioning in a chamber where the temperature and relative humidity were maintained at 65 ± 2 ° C. and 80 ± 5%, respectively. Conditioned soft protective clothing was tested in a ballistic test with a back trace. The value of the back trace of the soft protective garment should be less than 25 mm before and after conditioning.

Trauma test method (back surface deformation or BFD)
Secure the protective clothing with ballistic and trauma packs to the Roma No 1 clay clay box with the ballistic pack facing away from the clay, then fired from a distance of 5 meters and a speed of 400 ± 15 m / s Was subjected to a ballistic impact by a 9 × 19 mm bullet (OFB, India) moving in The back deformation is also called a back trace. After impacting the bullet against the puck, the depth of the indentation formed on the clay was measured and recorded as a back trace (or trauma); for each test sample, the test was averaged in three panels each There were 4 shots.

Layer Description The fabric layer and adhesive film described below were used to make a multilayer laminated composite wound pack;
KL-1 is E.I. I. A plain weave available from Du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, Delaware, USA (hereinafter DuPont) under the trade name Kevlar (R) para-aramid, with an areal density of 190 g / m2, a linear density of 1000 denier and 8.5. A woven fabric made of poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) yarn having x 8.5 ends / cm and cut into 400 x 400 mm sheets.

  KL-2 is a multidirectional woven fabric made of poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) having a surface density of 300 g / m 2 and a linear density of 400 denier available from DuPont under the trade name Kevlar® XPS300. And cut into 400 × 400 mm sheets.

  KL-3 is a multidirectional woven fabric made of poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) having a surface density of 510 g / m 2 and a linear density of 1000 denier available from DuPont under the trade name Kevlar® XPS102. And cut into 400 × 400 mm sheets.

  KL-4 is a plain weave available under the trade name Kevlar® para-aramid from DuPont, with an areal density of 165 g / m2, having a linear density of 600 denier and 8.5 × 8.5 ends / cm A woven fabric made of poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) yarn, cut into 400 × 400 mm sheets.

  KL-5 is an E.I. I. A plain weave available from Du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, Delaware, USA (hereinafter DuPont) under the trade name Kevlar (R) para-aramid, with an areal density of 440 g / m2, a linear density of 3300 denier and 6.5. A woven fabric made of poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) yarn having x 6.5 ends / cm and cut into 400 x 400 mm sheets.

  The IC 600D was a commercially available Kevlar® composite fabric with an areal density of 900 g / m 2 available from DuPont.

PE-1 was a bi-directional tape made of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene with a surface density of 111 g / m ² available from DuPont Company under the trade name Tensylon ™ HSBD 30A.

PE-2 was a spunbonded polyethylene nonwoven fabric with a surface density of 73 g / m ² available from DuPont under the trade name Tyvek (registered trademark).

PE-3 was a spunbond polyethylene nonwoven fabric having a surface density of 105 g / m ² available from DuPont under the trade name Tyvek (registered trademark).

PC-1 was a polycarbonate sheet having an aerial density of 1000 g / m ² and a thickness of 0.8 mm, available under the trade name Lexan® from SABIC Innovative Plastics.

PC-2 was a polycarbonate sheet with an aerial density of 475 g / m ² and a thickness of 0.3 mm, available under the trade name Lexan® from SABIC Innovative Plastics.

The adhesive film 1 has a maleic anhydride content in the range of 0.05 to 1.5%, a melting point in the range of 85 to 120 ° C., and a melt flow index in the range of 2 to 9 g / 10 minutes. And a maleic anhydride modified linear low density polyethylene available from DuPont under the trade name Bynel® with an aerial density of 50 g / m ² .

The adhesive film 2 has a melting point in the range of 115 to 130 ° C., a melt flow index in the range of 3 to 8 g / 10 minutes, and an air density of 50 g / m ² , Nolux (registered) It was an ethylene copolymer having a functional group such as vinyl acetate available from AG under the trade name Nolax (registered trademark).

The adhesive film 3 has a melting point in the range of 80 to 100 ° C., a melt flow index in the range of 3 to 8 g / 10 minutes, and an air density of 50 g / m ^2. It was an ethylene copolymer having a functional group such as methacrylic acid available under the name Surlyn® and partially neutralized with zinc or sodium metal ions.

  Examples made by one or more methods of the present invention are indicated numerically. Control or comparative examples are indicated by letters. With the exception of Control A, all examples and comparative examples were tested in a final assembly containing ballistic and trauma packs. The composition of the assembly is described in the text and table below. Data and test results for comparative examples and examples of the present invention are shown in Tables 1-3.

Example A
E. I. A commercially available Kevlar® composite fabric having an areal density of 900 g / m ² available from du Pont de Nemours and Company under the trade name IC 600D was used as the wound pack. The ballistic pack contained 11 layers of KL2.

Control A
A 15-layer stack of multi-directional woven fabric KL2 made of 400 denier Kevlar® yarn and having an areal density of 300 g / m ² was used as a ballistic pack and no trauma pack was used.

Example B
One layer of woven fabric KL1, one layer of PC1, and another layer of KL1 (KL1-PC1-KL1) were laminated to form a wound pack. This stack is used without being connected, and the area density of this stack is 1380 g / m ² . The ballistic pack contained 9 layers of KL2.

Example C
In the stack, the first layer of woven fabric KL1, the first layer of adhesive film 1, the first layer of woven fabric KL4, the second layer of adhesive film 1, the second layer of woven fabric KL4, the adhesive film A trauma pack was formed by superimposing a third layer of 1 and a second layer of woven fabric of KL1 (KL1-film 1-KL4-film 1-KL4-film 1-KL1). The stacks were connected in an industrial hydraulic press with heating and cooling capabilities as described in Example 1 except that the preheating temperature was 115 ° C. The stack was heated to 125 ° C. for 10 minutes at 60 tons and then cooled to room temperature, resulting in a laminate / trauma reduction pack with an aerial density of 860 g / m ² . The ballistic pack contained 11 layers of KL2.

Example D
In the stack, the wound pack was formed by overlapping the first layer of the woven fabric KL5, the first layer of the adhesive film 1 and the second layer of the woven fabric KL5 in this order. The stacks were connected in an industrial hydraulic press with heating and cooling capabilities as described in Example 1 except that the preheating temperature was 115 ° C. The stack was heated to 125 ° C. for 10 minutes at 60 tons and then cooled to room temperature to obtain a laminate / trauma reduction pack with an aerial density of 930 g / m ² . The ballistic pack contained 11 layers of KL2.

Example 1
In the stack, the wound pack was formed by overlapping the first woven fabric of KL1, the adhesive film 2 of one layer, and the polycarbonate sheet PC1 (KL1-film 2-PC1) of one layer in this order. In an industrial hydraulic press (mold preheated to 125 ° C.) with heating and cooling capabilities, 10 minutes at 140 ° C. and 60 tons, then cooled to room temperature, the stacks were joined and the air density ( A laminate / trauma reduction pack having an aerial density of 1240 g / m ² was obtained. The ballistic pack contained 10 layers of KL2.

Example 2
A trauma pack was formed as described in Example 1 except that lamination with KL1 and film 2 was performed on both sides of the PC sheet. The laminate structure was KL1-film 2-PC1-film 2-KL1, and the resulting pack had an aerial density of 1480 g / m ² . The ballistic pack contained 9 layers of KL2.

Example 3
A trauma pack was formed as described in Example 1 except that PC2 was used instead of PC1. The laminate configuration was KL1-film 2-PC2, and the resulting pack had an aerial density of 715 g / m ² . The ballistic pack contained 11 layers of KL2.

Example 4
A trauma pack was formed as described in Example 2, except that PC2 was used instead of PC1. The laminate structure was KL1-film 2-PC2-film 2-KL1, and the resulting pack had an aerial density of 955 g / m ² . The ballistic pack contained 8 layers of KL2.

Example 5
In the stack, a first layer of woven fabric KL1, a first layer of adhesive film 1, a first layer of spunbond polyethylene PE2, a second layer of adhesive film 1, a second layer of spunbond polyethylene PE2, Trauma by overlapping the third layer of the adhesive film 1 and the second layer of the KL1 woven fabric (KL1-film 1-PE2-film 1-PE2-film 1-PE2-film 1-KL1) A pack was formed. The stack was connected in an industrial hydraulic press as described in Example 1 except that the preheating temperature and the molding temperature were 115 ° C. and 125 ° C., respectively, and the aerial density was 800 g. A laminate / trauma reduction pack of / m ² was obtained. The ballistic pack contained 11 layers of KL2.

Example 6
Except that film 2 was used instead of film 1, a wound pack (KL1-film 2-PE2-film 2-PE2-film 2-PE2-film 2-KL1) was formed as described in Example 5. Thus, a laminate / trauma reduction pack having an aerial density of 800 g / m ² was obtained. The ballistic pack contained 11 layers of KL2.

Example 7
Except for using film 3 instead of film 1, forming a wound pack (KL1-film 3-PE2-film 3-PE2-film 3-PE2-film 3-KL1) as described in Example 5 Thus, a laminate / trauma reduction pack having an aerial density of 800 g / m ² was obtained. The ballistic pack contained 11 layers of KL2.

Example 8
Except for using PE3 instead of PE2, forming a wound pack (KL1-film 1-PE3-film 1-PE3-film 1-PE3-film 1-KL1) as described in Example 5. A laminate / trauma reduction pack with an aerial density of 895 g / m ² was obtained. The ballistic pack contained 11 layers of KL2.

Example 9
In the stack, the first layer of the woven fabric KL2, the one-layer adhesive film 1, and the five-layer bi-directional UHMWPE tape PE1 (KL2-film 1-PE1-PE1-PE1-PE1-PE1) are stacked in this order. A trauma pack was formed. The stacks were joined in an industrial hydraulic press as described in Example 1 except that the preheating temperature and molding temperature were 115 ° C. and 125 ° C., respectively, and the surface density was 900 g / m ² . A laminate / trauma reduction pack was obtained. The ballistic pack contained 11 layers of KL2.

Ballistic trauma test In the case of Examples 1, ² , and 5 to 9, the main components are KL2 having a plurality of layers for forming a stack and a cross-linked polyethylene having a surface density of 100 g / m ² and a thickness of 4 mm. Only one layer of the test sample was placed behind a ballistic pack consisting of two layers of non-ballistic foam XLPE.

In the case of Examples 3 and 4, a non-ballistic property of two layers mainly composed of a plurality of layers KL2 for forming a stack and a cross-linked polyethylene having a surface density of 100 g / m ² and a thickness of 4 millimeters. Two layers of test samples were placed behind the ballistic pack consisting of foam XLPE.

  The test samples of the present invention consisted of trauma reduction packs according to Examples 1-9.

  The comparative test sample consisted of a trauma reduction pack according to Control A and Examples A-C to achieve an areal density equivalent to the inventive samples of Examples 1-9.

  Each stack is secured to a Roma No 1 clay clay box with the ballistic pack facing away from the clay, then fired from a distance of 5 meters and moving at a speed of 400 ± 15 m / s 9 × 19 mm A ballistic impact was received by a bullet (OFB, India).

  After impacting the bullet against the stack, the depth of the indentation formed on the clay was measured and recorded as a back trace (or trauma), and the results are shown in Tables 1-3. For each test sample, the test was averaged 4 times on 3 panels each.

  Of the aramid-PC laminates, it was not very useful to use an aramid-PC laminate having an aramid layer on both sides. However, such an aramid-PC structure outperformed the aramid-only structure (Example B).

  In the aramid-polyolefin laminate, changing the adhesive film from graft to linear ethylene copolymer (Examples 5 to 7) greatly improved the back trace and from lower to higher areal density. Changing the polyethylene (Example 7 and Example 8) did not improve the back trace.

  On the other hand, stacks using adhesive films to adhere multiple layers of bi-directional UHMWPE tape (Tensylon ™) to the KL2 layer showed a further reduction in back trace. Also, Tensylon (trademark) had an adhesive layer on one side, so in this structure, no separate adhesive layer was required between the layers.

Environmental Conditioning Test Results Each trauma pack was exposed to a temperature of 65 ± 2 ° C. and a relative humidity of 80 ± 5% for 10 days. The environmentally conditioned pack is then subjected to a back surface formation test according to the following method. The main component is a multi-layer KL2, and a cross-linked polyethylene having a surface density of 100 g / m ² and a thickness of 4 millimeters. The layer was placed behind the ballistic pack in front of the non-ballistic foam XLPE.

  Secure this stack to a Roma No 1 clay clay box with the ballistic pack facing away from the clay, then fired from a distance of 5 meters and moved at a speed of 400 ± 15 m / s 9 × 19 mm A ballistic impact of a bullet (OFB, India) was applied.

  After the bullets hit the stack, the depth of the back trace was measured and recorded, and the results are shown in Table 4. For each pack, the average was 4 trials on 3 panels each.

  The soft protective garment having the trauma pack as described above showed a back trace as shown in Table 4 below before and after environmental conditioning.

  All trauma packs showed back traces of less than 25 mm even after environmental conditioning.

Claims (10)

A trauma reduction pack,
(I) at least one first layer of an aramid fabric comprising a yarn having a tensile strength of at least 900 MPa and having a linear density of 444-1111 dtex, wherein the fabric has an inner surface and an outer surface; ,
(Ii) at least one second layer of a thermoplastic sheet having a tensile strength of at least 60 MPa or a thermoplastic nonwoven having a tensile strength of at least 900 MPa, wherein the sheet or nonwoven has an inner surface and an outer surface A second layer;
(Ii) a polyolefin adhesive having a melting point of 70 to 150 ° C.,
The wound reduction pack, wherein the at least one first layer and the at least one second layer are joined together by the polyolefin adhesive.   The trauma mitigation pack according to claim 1, wherein the polyolefin adhesive is an ethylene copolymer or a grafted polyolefin.   The wound reduction pack according to claim 1, wherein the cloth is a woven cloth, a non-woven cloth, a unidirectional cloth, or a multi-directional cloth.   The trauma mitigation pack according to claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic sheet is polycarbonate, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer, ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer, bi-directional polyolefin tape, or combinations thereof.   The wound pack according to claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic nonwoven fabric is a polyolefin spunbond nonwoven fabric.   The wound pack according to claim 5, wherein the polyolefin is polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, or a blend or copolymer thereof.   The wound pack according to claim 4, wherein the multidirectional polyolefin tape is a non-fibrous ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) tape that is overlapped and overlapped. Having a 1000 g / m ² less than the air density (aerial density), trauma pack according to claim 1. (I) 1 to 4 layers of aramid cloth,
(Ii) 1 to 5 layers of thermoplastic sheet,
The wound pack according to claim 1, comprising (iii) 1-3 layers of nonwoven fabric, and (iv) 1-4 layers of polyolefin adhesive.   A protective garment comprising at least one trauma pack according to claim 1.

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